Selected quad for the lemma: virtue_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
virtue_n	iron_n	part_n	touch_v	1,197	5	9.5651	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54597	Fleta minor the laws of art and nature, in knowing, judging, assaying, fining, refining and inlarging the bodies of confin'd metals : in two parts : the first contains assays of Lazarus Erckern, chief prover, or assay-master general of the empire of Germany, in V. books, orinally written by him in the Teutonick language and now translated into English ; the second contains essays on metallick words, as a dictionary to many pleasing discourses, by Sir John Pettus ... ; illustrated with 44 sculptures.; Beschreibung aller fürnemisten mineralishcen Ertzt- und Berckwercksarten. English	Ercker, Lazarus, d. 1594.; Pettus, John, Sir, 1613-1690.	1683 (1683)	Wing P1906; ESTC R5570	316,186	522

pieces slackes which word is often used LINNEN See Utensils LIQUATION L. Liquatio from Aqua liquidus A. liquor or moisture and liquation is a term in this Art of Chimistry for one of the Methods in dissolving Metals and the word liquifaction of the like sense and from the same Radix is also applyed to Metals when they are melted by the heat of fire or Sun See Conglutination LITTARGE T. Blegg Leidt or Glet L. Lithargicus or the stone of Gold or Silver from the Greek Lethos and sometimes called the spume or froth of Gold and Silver but generally the Excrements Scoria's or Dross of Gold or Silver caused by Lead and if it be Gold-Litarge it looks of a Yellow Colour and tho it be dross yet the Metallists give it this distinct name because it hath more excellent Virtues than any other Excrement Recrement or other Dross and that it may be cleared from other words of almost the same sound I think it fit to distinguish them here This word is written Littarge and by some Lithargy and that which signifies the publick Office of Devotions LITTURGY and the sleepy Disease LETHARGY with an E and I wish that the plenty of our Littarge or Lithargy may raise up our Litturgical Devotions to be delivered in all times of our Wealth and from the Lethargical or sleepy hours of Death as well by our Devotions as by the excellent spirits c. made of our Littarge peculiar to that Apoplectick Distemper See those words LIXIVIUM See Menstruum Lee or Lees. LYE called also Ligh or Lees to distinguish from a lye or to lye or to speak untruth or to lye or lay down to rest T. Langen L Lixivium from Lix signifying Ashes or as Minshaw calls it Humor Cineri mistus of which see more in Buck and Menstruum And here I may observe that as in Latine Lix signifies Ashes so lixa is Water and those two mixt makes the lees with which women wash and buck their cloths for so lixa also signifies LOAD STONE or Magnet lib. 4 cap. 21 and 22. s 4. T. Magnet-steine but when it hath relation to Navigation 't is call'd Segel-steine or sail-stone but the Latines Magnes and Magnifficus and A. from the Saxon Load or Leading stone or lapis cujus ductu Nautae instituant cursum and Erckern for this and many other qualities calls it a Jewel and 't is pretty to see how the Latines quibble about this word Magnes for they call a great Man Magnas on the account of Honour and Magnus great on the account of bulk c. and this stone Magnes being of so great Virtue that it is scarce comprehensible and 't is probable that the other two words do borrow their titles from it Pliny tells us lib. 7. That this word Magnes was given from Magnes the Name of a Shepherd who was the first finder of it and makes five kinds of it lib. 36. cap. 16. Cardanus but three kinds who observes That Aristotle was altogether ignorant of the maratine use of it and that Galen and Al. Aphrodosius two great Inquirers into the secrets of Nature have not so much as once mentioned the wonderful Nature of this Stone but now Authors do abound in their discourses upon it and make all things easy and plain in their Naratives of its Virtues and Operations only when their Discourses are applyed to its Variation by the Needle touch'd with it for the use of Navigation there they disagree very much in their Opinions and amongst the rest Boetius tells us cap. de Magnete that there are two magnetick Mountains and that those magnets which are digg'd nearest to the Artick Pole have most of the Artick Virtue and such as are digg'd nearest to the Antartick have most of the Virtue of the Antartick which is the cause of their Variations and many other pretty and plausible notions are writ of them but I shall only mention some of my own Observations 1. That this Stone is found in most Iron-mines in England but are not so effectual in their attractive power as those which we have from foreign Parts and therefore ours need to be nourished with filings of Iron for stones have a vegitable life to be preserv'd and to be kept from the Juyce of Onyons and Garlick and moist places which do unglutinate and so destroyes or subdues their Virtues and therefore those Lapidists whose Art it is to fit Loadstones for Navigation or other uses will not suffer those Plants to be near them and I have often try'd That when I have touched my knife with a Loadstone and thereby impowred it to take up Needles or small Weights and so it holds its Virtue many dayes but the Knife once touch'd with an Onion doth utterly loose the Virtue which it borrowed I confess I never tryed Onions or other acid things to the Poles of my Loadstone because I chose rather to believe than hurt the Stone especially a Lapidist of my Acquaintance affirming the Truth of it who was so great an Artist that he told me That with a Magnet of the bigness of my head he could drive the Soul of it into as little a compass thereof as a Nutmeg but before I could see the effects of his Art I was diverted with other Occasions and could never find him after Yet it was my good fortune to be acquainted with a worthy Gentleman Francis smith Esq of Rushoke in Worcester-shire since deceased who was Master of much sound learning and very ingenuous in his Discourses when he thought fit to expatiate himself or otherwise reserv'd and we happened upon the Discourse which I had with the Lapidist upon which he produced a Loadstone fixt with its irons for the North and South points which I had the freedom to weigh in my Gold-Scales and the Iron pieces and points and Gold for Ornament which embraced it weighed just eleven grains and it attracted a piece of Iron of an ounce weight Now there being according to the Venetian account 6912 Grains to a pound every ounce is 576 grains which is 52 times 11 grains so that it took up an Iron of above 52 grains more than its own weight considering its embracers and by my description of the Lapidist he believed it was bought of the same person and looking upon it as avery great Rarity I took upon me the Confidence to tell him That it was pity so great a Jewel should lye concealed and added that I believ'd it would be a very acceptable Present to his Majesty He approved of my Proposal and accordingly did present it and it was so accepted and got a good Office soon after I cannot say for that though it deserved it but for his own Deserts and I hope it is still preserv'd amongst his Majesties Rarities Another piece of Curiosity I saw in the Hands of Sir William Persal since Deceased also viz. a Terrella or Load-stone of little more than 6 Inches Diameter turned into a Globular Form

the Veins of its body but of the nature of Metallick Veins G. Agricola gives the most exact account VENETIAN Glass l. 2. c. 16. s 5. T. Venidischem-glassz L. Vitrum Venetianum from the City Venice where Erckern speaks that the best Glasses for Metallick use are made and probably so in his time but now that Art in Venice is thought to be equall'd in England See Glass VERDIGREASE l. 2. c. 27. s 1. T. Gruen-span A. Spanish green L. Aerugo or the Rust of Copper by hanging plates of it over the fumes of Wine from whence a Crocus will arise which we call Verdigrease See Brass Copper and in Colours Blew Green VIAL or Glass Bottle l. 2. c. 30. s 1. T. Roelblein Fiale and Angster according to the proportions L. Phiala and Ampulla A. Vial to distinguish it from the Musical Instrument call'd Violl VINEGAR l. 1. c. 33. s 1. T. Essig L. Acetum A. Vinegar now the various ways of making and using it in Metallick experiments may deserve a large Discourse as being one of the great secrets of Nature VITRIOL l. 2. c. 33 c. T. Schuster-schwaeitz L. Vitriolum and Calcanthum which latter makes a black colour Now of Vitriol there are many natural sorts but the three chief are 1 of a Saphire colour which comes from Hungary and Cyprus 2. of an Emeral or green colour from Swethland and Goslar often mentioned by Erckern 3. a white from Denmark c. there is also an Artificial Vitriol made from Copper or Iron or both which is called Roman Vitriol or Lapis Coelestis from its transcendent vertues of which besides what Sir Kenelm Digby writes I could add many from my own experiments but must refer them also to my intended Essays on Agricola See Brass Copper and in Colours Black ULTRAMARINE which the Italians call Azuro ultramarino and is a Gem found in Mines sometimes called Lapis Luzuli often mentioned by Erckern l. 1. c. 2. s 11 c. and is of a pure blew and of which either considered as a Gem Oar or Stone the Italians do make a pretious Blew for Painters sold beyond the price of Gold VOLATILE l. 1. c. 10. s 9. T. Flutch-tigon L. Volatilis which signifies a Bird Holiock according to Paracelsus it is used for any light matter either ascending from Metals or other light substances See Quicksilver UPBUCKING l. 4. c. 14. signifies some extraordinary washings of Metals and so the word upboyling is more than ordinary boyling URINE l. 2. c. 8. s 2 c. T Dertlarne and Bruntz L. Vrina from Vro because it is of a scalding and burning nature of great use about Metals it is distill'd and extracted by a natural heat and internal Furnace in all Creatures by which natural extraction we learn the method of all salous productions See Salt c. UTENSILS T. Brauchers L. Vtensillia A. Instruments useful tools or houshold necessaries but I must refer those which are mentioned by Erckern to the Contents of the Sculptures placed immediately before his first Book where you will find most of them recited and referr'd to their pages as also in the second part to their Capitals only there is an omission of the T and L. words for them which will be rendred in Agricola WA W WA WARDENS l. 1. c. 1. T. Gwardeins L. Guardianus A. Guardian and Warden I intended an addition herein to shew that the Original of this word as to an Official duty was first given to the Warden of Mines and that all other Offices which bear the Title of Wardens were derivatives from thence viz. of the Mines Mint Stanneries Church Ports Fleet Colledges and Companies which I shall hereafter inlarge and place according to their Antiquities WARM T. Warme and waerm L. calidus A. warm that is to bring Metals into a moderate warmth or heat WARTZ l. 1. c. 35. T. Wartz A. the Pin of the Beam and these are little pieces of Iron like Excrescencies filed out of the Centre of the Ballance on each side of it which are fitted for the two little holes of the Fork whereby the Ballance is made capable to move and from hence our English word Warts for excrescencies on the hands or other parts is used WASHING l. 3. c. 2 c. T. washein L. Lavare A. Lavations and Washings Now you may have a full account of the manner of washing Metals in N. N. before recited WASTE T. Vermuesten L. Vastare A. to waste consume or lessen the bulk of Metals WATER T. Wasser L. Aqua ex qua omnia as Scaliger and other more antient Philosophers define it See Erckern in many parts and this subject of Waters might afford many pleasing Discourses of ours in England and of such also as are of great natural uses in Metallick Operations besides Artificial yielding curious varieties especially from some Waters in those Countreys which do not consist of Mines where the waters only by heat of the Sun without their fire do yield a perfect sediment of Gold Sands WAVER T. Schwenneken L. vagilare A. to wag to and fro See Trembling WAX T. Wachz L. Cera A. Wax See Cement and Glutination WEATHER l. 1. c. 34. s 8. T. Wetter L. Aether this hath great operation in Metals for as the Weather so Metals are hard or more ductile c. WEIGHT l. 1. c. 36 c. on which subject I did intend to enlarge See Measures and Agricola de mensuris WELL T. Brun L. Puteus A. Wells for Springs of Water and called Shafts for Metallick Wells See Mines WHEEL for waters l. 4. c. 8. T. Wasser-Radst L. Haustrum used for the raising of Waters out of Springs or Wells with which the Miners wash and purge the Oars from the earth or rubbish and then the Miners may say well the Oars are well wash't with Well-water but of the description of the several sorts of Wheels you will see more in Agricola WHETSTONE l. 1. c 34. s 9. T. Wetzsteine L. Cos which is used to Metallick Instruments and to rub Metals WHITE T. Wize and blank L. Albus See in Colours White WINE T. weine L. Vinum of various sorts and uses in Erckern See Pliny WINE stone See Argol Tartar WOOD T. Wald and Haltz L. Lignum A. Wood of several sorts for Metals See Charcoal Coals WOOL T. Wolt L. Lana used about Metals WRINCLE T. Runtzel L. Ruga that is Metal not polite but shriveled distorted and full of contracted parts unusual to its natural smoothness as in hands faces c. WYRE T. Kufforn dratt or Copper drawn L. Aurum netum i. e. Gold Wire or Gold drawn or spun out of Gold and Filum Auricalcum or a kind of Thread drawn from Copper A. Wyre but I find no Monosyllable for it in any other Language XA X XE XANTHUS a pretious stone which Pliny l. 37. calls also Henui of great virtue to give success in Mens Imployments and consequently to Metallick Works Erckern doth not mention this but speaks of Hazel-Nuts

added To take the smoak of Lead from Silver A Test for it How to make the separated Tin profitable To precipitate the Silver from Tin A little Lead Ball. To Brickle hard burnt Silver A Flus to brickle Silver An Assayer able to make Ballances And how to help their Defects The Ballance of the Proofseales Tongue Wartz See the Dictionary How the filed Ballance is to be proved * Haemathite Golden solder To cause the proof Ballance to be blew ☞ To fit Scales The weight of the Scales to the Ballance The Knots When the ballance falleth To make the Ballance to stand true The Case for the Proof Ballance Or oyld Paper To be made of Silver or Brass Weights of a Mark. Proof-Weights Carrats Vnequal parts Whether the Proof-weights are made right To know Gold Oars No oar by it self Gold Section Gold in Horn Oar. Gold in Woolfrain Tin and Iron Oars * Shurl ger Why the Rivers carry Gold with them Of the River Nile Grains which are carryed away by Forreigners Gold in Iron-man Oar. Gold in flint Gold Marcasite How much may be wash'd in a day Of Creicers Golden and a Peny-Weight Of Gold Grains * Sichertroegel To prepare Boards for Washing it A special good wash work The Bigness of the Rattar Of Seircing Gold Oar. The sorts of cloth to be used for seircing it How to use the long Rattars To purify the Gold Slicks * Seyfen or Soper Of great Grain'd gold How digg'd Gold is mingled Flinty and Horn stony Gold Oars how to be us'd Roast ovens To quench the Roast Of poor Gold slicks Of rich slicks To bring both to Profit To press the Quick silver through Leather ☞ When the Gold h●lds Silver T● p 〈…〉 the d●●●g●d Gold By Lead-glass c. To make firm Tests for Gold To boil up the clean Gold slick The use of Quicksilver in this work How a Iron Jug or Pot is to be made and Leamed To refresh Quicksilver Another way to draw off the Gold The flinty Gold Oars Another Proving A fine Gold Pro●f Deceit in Touch needles Of Gold and silver touch needles called red and white The fairest Crowns in Colour The Division of Metals for Needles Needles of Copper The Division to cast together The Needels to be beaten into lengths The Touch Needles of the Common Gold smiths Touch stones Ginnys Concerning hard and brickle Gold To cut pieces for Treal The Carat weight must be small Assay proof To make the Carat The Tryal of it To beat the little Rolls Disselving To sweeten or dulcify To neal the little Gold Rolls Coyned Gold To make the true Carats Another way to find red in Gold The manner of Trying it Another way What the Remainder is Rules for it Separating Glass and other Glass Instruments An Instrument for the Separating glass First Tryal To dulcify it To glow A Second Tryal A third way Difference of the Proof A Singular Dissolving First Way ☞ How the Gold is to be found by the Water-weighing Arithmetick First Way The second Way The Clay To lute the joynings Another Clay to bodies Venetian Glass To prepare Jugs and Retorts with saw-dust ☞ Iron jugs Luting the Jug To gain the Caput mort out of the Jug * Absuzchal Athanor Calcining of Vitriol Calcining of Vitriol Salt-Petre In a Glass Body Copels to burn Aqua Fort. Another way Water in the Receiver Of Jugs cast or hammered To place the same Of governing the Athanor Of disposing the gross spirits When it doth go too hot How the drops must be counted To force the spirits The Glass Limbick and Receivers to be taken off To use uncalcin'd Vitriol Hungarian Goslaran Vitriol or such as is boyld out of flints Another way More Gold by this way A Lute upon which the Spiris do not work Ingredients To draw over by degrees Calx viva hinders the running over For want of a Receiver Earthen Receivers with Glass To sit the glass spouts to the Helm To set By-Ovens to an Athanor Another long Oven The way ☞ To bring the feces to profit To Prepare iron Second preceeding To draw off the flegm The Preparation The Second Proceeding To dulcify the Gold Calx To glow out the Gold Calx To cast the Gold To separate the Silver for granulating Aqua fort for the granulated Silver When a glass Bottle breaks To dulcify the Silver The Content of parted Gold To shute into Cristals When the Aqua fort remains Silver Why the Silver Calx is sweetned The content of the Precipitated Silver To bring the blew water to profit To precipitate Silver in an earthen vessel Iron Lamins in the Precipitation Another way to draw over the Water How to understand Separation by Fusion Precipitation or casting down When the Scoria's contains Gold When the Regulus is poor in Gold Another Way to precipitate at once The first way Another way The Scoria's is malleable ☞ How to make it Separation in the fluss requires diligence The use of the Test Concerning the Cement oven How to prepare it The first Cement Pouder This second Cement To cement Rhenish Gilders whole The Ingredients The Composition Another way To cement the brickle Gold Another manner To bring the Cement to profit Philosophick Cements ☜ The first way A very good Cement Another Sort. How the Gold smiths may Gild. Hungarish Crowns or Rhenish Gold Salt Petre. Calx viva By a flat Test To bring the Gold clean out of the Crucible When the Gold is brickle by an evil Vapor Mercurium Sublimatum Sulphur Antimony Glass Alterations Through fine Gold To cast through poor Gold Another upon light Gold To lay t●● Gold whic● is cast through the Cement To cast the used Antimony T●e Iron 〈…〉 s the virtue of the Antimony To beat down through casting the Scorias To Refine Antimony To precipitate it Rich Antimony ☜ The Purpose of this Book Coper Oars yield fine Colours Copper Glass Green and lazure Colours Brown Copper called Gamahes Copper flint Copper stone Crucible form The Clay Little Ovens for Copper Proof Another Form of a little Oven A little Oven of Tiles Proof of Furnaces ☞ The manner of it The Oar burnt quite dead Some Copper not fit for Brass ☞ To boil Oars for Copper Copper Shiffer When there will be no stone in the proof ☞ Another way Retorts Of Copper Needles This Proof not certain Another Manner Copper flint and Tin stone may be Seperated A flat Hearth ☞ One way of Preparation doth most serve for Copper How much Lead to be used A profitable Rule ☞ Fresh Copper Hungarian Copper The Melting Oven for them Red Copper Regulus Cobolt Regulus Licbeter or spizy Copper stampt Copper Keinstocks Thornells The first Inlay The second Inlay The Third Inlay upon rich Copper Litharge The last Inlay Two drive harths Copper Regulus Copper roast Addition of parts Addition of parts Hard oar and Litarge Spar-stones How to make the Oven and cast the fresh pieces The profit of this Assay work Copper different in Countrys To prepare Lapis Calaminaris The Ovens for it Brittain stones The Proportion of Copper and Lapis Calaminaris ☞ The Purpose of this Book Lead known from other Metals Bright Oar. White lead Oar. Red Lead Oar. Yellow lead Oar. Flinty Lead Oar. Vnseparable lead Oar. The mixtures for it How to dispose it into Crucibles and Ovens Iron is to be added to the melting of lead rindx A goodway of beating Oar. A hurtful Beating Difference in Beating In the little Oven In Crucibles Vnroasted Rocky lead Oar. The Sulpher Slaks devour the Lead Goslarish Lead Oar. ☞ Two melt Ovens upon one water Smelt Ovens Two Crvcibles for the Lead The Closing the work in the Ovens Of kindling the Fire ☞ Opening the Oven Of the Cakes or Sows of Lead ☜ Galmay or Lapis Calaminaris The property of the Moll 's Two sorts of spelter Melting The Difference of the Content To melt on the wind To melt in the Oven Zevar Colour Tin-stone or Zwitter The way of Proving it In the Coals With the Fluss Vpon a sudden Heat ☜ To melt old gathered Slacks The loss in Burning it The way of burning it Goslarish Melting Seeve-Work The light Tin the best Quicksilver Oar ☞ Jugs Try'd by the Loadstone ☜ By the Steel-stone ☞ To melt Iron stone ☜ * Mark Schiden The Purpose of this Book Of Vitriol Alum and salt springs How to boyl salt Peter Sheep stalls Old walls Old Cellers ☞ Vnplastered Houses c. ☜ Another Proof 7. Lee Tubs Of the reeds or sticks to be used Of weak Lee. Strong Lees Raw Salt-Petre To purify it To make proofs To purify it again How Salt-Petre is generated and spoiled To mingle splinters of Wood with it ☞ The uses of it To make it white To purify the Salt through Ashes The manner of doing it The profit To water out the Earth To enrich Lees of Allum Salts of Oars To make Lees of it ☞ Proof upon Allum Vitriolish Water in the Mines Eglog 3.