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will_n i_o hope_v satisfy_v you_o that_o how_o unanimous_o so_o ever_o man_n have_v deduce_v all_o magnetic_a operation_n from_o the_o form_n of_o the_o loadstone_n yet_o some_o internal_a change_n of_o pore_n or_o some_o other_o mechanical_a alteration_n or_o inward_a disposition_n either_o of_o the_o excite_a iron_n or_o of_o the_o loadstone_n itself_o may_v suffice_v to_o make_v a_o body_n capable_a or_o uncapable_a of_o exercise_v some_o determinate_a magnetical_a operation_n which_o may_v invite_v you_o to_o cast_v a_o more_o unprejudiced_a eye_n upon_o those_o few_o particular_n i_o shall_v now_o subjoin_v to_o make_v it_o probable_a that_o even_o magnetical_a quality_n may_v be_v mechanical_o produce_v or_o alter_v exper._n v._n i_o have_v often_o observe_v in_o the_o shop_n of_o artificer_n as_o smith_n turner_n of_o metal_n etc._n etc._n that_o when_o harden_v and_o well_o temper_v tool_n be_v well_o heat_v by_o attrition_n if_o while_o they_o be_v thus_o warm_v you_o apply_v they_o to_o file_n or_o chip_n as_o they_o call_v they_o or_o thin_a fragment_n of_o steel_n or_o iron_n they_o will_v take_v they_o up_o as_o if_o the_o instrument_n be_v touch_v with_o a_o loadstone_n but_o as_o they_o will_v not_o do_v so_o unless_o they_o be_v thus_o excite_v by_o rub_v till_o they_o be_v warm_v by_o which_o mean_v a_o great_a commotion_n be_v make_v in_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o he_o steel_v so_o neither_o will_v they_o retain_v so_o vigorous_a a_o magnetism_n as_o to_o support_v the_o little_a fragment_n of_o steel_n that_o stick_v to_o they_o after_o they_o be_v grow_v cold_a again_o which_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o what_o if_o i_o much_o misremember_v not_o i_o show_v some_o acquaintance_n of_o you_o which_o be_v that_o by_o bare_o rub_v a_o convenient_o shape_v piece_n vi_o of_o steel_n against_o the_o floor_n till_o it_o have_v gain_v a_o sufficient_a heat_n it_o will_v while_o it_o continue_v so_o discover_v a_o manifest_a though_o but_o faint_v attractive_a power_n which_o vanish_v together_o with_o the_o adventitious_a heat_n exper._n vii_o we_o elsewhere_o observe_v which_o perhaps_o you_o also_o may_v have_v do_v that_o the_o iron_n bar_v of_o window_n by_o have_v stand_v very_o long_o in_o a_o erect_a posture_n may_v at_o length_n grow_v magnetical_a so_o that_o if_o you_o apply_v the_o north_n point_n of_o a_o poise_v and_o excite_v needle_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bar_n it_o will_v drive_v it_o away_o &_o attract_v the_o southern_a and_o if_o you_o raise_v the_o magnetic_a needle_n to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o bar_n and_o apply_v it_o as_o before_o this_o will_v draw_v the_o northern_a extreme_a which_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o bar_n expel_v probable_o because_o as_o it_o be_v elsewhere_o declare_v the_o bar_n be_v in_o tract_n of_o time_n by_o the_o continual_a action_n of_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o tarraqueous_a globe_n turn_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o magnet_n who_o low_a end_n 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it_o away_o which_o as_o be_v late_o observe_v wâ—ll_n not_o happen_v to_o a_o bar_n which_o have_v be_v some_o year_n or_o other_o competent_a time_n keep_v in_o the_o same_o position_n so_o that_o since_o length_n of_o time_n be_v requisite_a to_o make_v the_o verticity_n of_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n so_o durable_a &_o constant_a that_o the_o same_o extreme_a will_v have_v the_o same_o virtue_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n whether_o you_o make_v it_o the_o upper_a end_n or_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o bar_n it_o seem_v not_o improbable_a to_o i_o that_o by_o length_n of_o time_n the_o whole_a magnetic_a virtue_n of_o this_o iron_n may_v be_v increase_v and_o consequent_o some_o degree_n of_o attraction_n acquire_v and_o by_o this_o consideration_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o explicate_v that_o strange_a thing_n that_o be_v report_v by_o some_o modern_n to_o have_v happen_v in_o italy_n where_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n be_v affirm_v to_o have_v be_v convert_v into_o a_o loadstone_n whereof_o a_o piece_n be_v keep_v among_o other_o rarity_n in_o the_o curious_a aldrovandus_n his_o musaeum_fw-la metallicum_fw-la for_o consider_v the_o greatness_n of_o its_o specific_a gravity_n the_o malleableness_n and_o other_o property_n wherein_o iron_n differ_v from_o loadstone_n i_o can_v easy_o believe_v that_o by_o such_o a_o way_n as_o be_v mention_v a_o metal_n shall_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o stone_n and_o therefore_o have_v consult_v the_o book_n itself_o whence_o this_o relation_n be_v borrow_v i_o find_v the_o story_n imperfect_o enough_o deliver_v the_o chief_a and_o clear_a thing_n in_o it_o be_v that_o at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o church_n of_o arimini_fw-la a_o great_a iron-bar_n that_o be_v place_v there_o to_o support_v a_o cross_n of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n weight_n be_v at_o length_n turn_v into_o a_o loadstone_n but_o whether_o the_o reality_n of_o this_o transmutation_n be_v examine_v and_o how_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o fragment_n of_o the_o loadstone_n present_v to_o aldrovandus_n be_v take_v from_o that_o bar_n of_o iron_n i_o be_o not_o full_o satisfy_v by_o that_o narrative_a therefore_o when_o i_o remember_v the_o great_a resemblance_n i_o have_v sometime_o see_v in_o colour_n beside_o other_o manifest_a quality_n betwixt_o some_o lodestone_n and_o some_o course_n or_o almost_o rusty_a iron_n i_o be_o tempt_v to_o conjecture_n that_o those_o that_o observe_v this_o iron-bar_n when_o break_v to_o have_v acquire_v a_o strong_a magnetical_a virtue_n which_o they_o dream_v not_o that_o tract_n of_o time_n may_v communicate_v to_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v persuade_v by_o this_o virtue_n and_o the_o resemblance_n of_o colour_n that_o the_o iron_n be_v turn_v into_o loadstone_n especial_o they_o be_v prepossess_v with_o that_o aristotelian_a maxim_n whence_o our_o author_n will_v explain_v this_o strange_a phaenomenon_n that_o inter_fw-la symbolum_n habentia_fw-la facilis_fw-la est_fw-la transmutatio_fw-la but_o leave_v this_o as_o a_o bare_a conjecture_n we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o what_o virtue_n a_o oblong_a piece_n of_o iron_n may_v need_v a_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n to_o acquire_v by_o the_o help_n only_o of_o its_o position_n may_v be_v impart_v to_o it_o in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n by_o the_o intervention_n of_o such_o a_o nimble_a agent_n as_o the_o fire_n as_o may_v be_v often_o though_o not_o always_o observe_v in_o tongue_n ix_o and_o such_o like_a iron_n utensil_n that_o have_v be_v ignite_v have_v be_v set_v to_o cool_v lean_v against_o some_o wall_n or_o other_o prop_n that_o keep_v they_o in_o a_o erect_a posture_n which_o make_v it_o probable_a that_o the_o great_a commotion_n of_o the_o part_n make_v by_o the_o vehement_a heat_n of_o the_o fire_n dispose_v the_o iron_n whilst_o it_o be_v yet_o soft_a and_o have_v its_o pore_n more_o lax_n and_o part_n more_o pliable_a dispose_v it_o i_o say_v to_o receive_v much_o quick_a impression_n from_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n than_o it_o will_v have_v do_v if_o it_o have_v still_o be_v cold_a and_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a x._o to_o our_o present_a purpose_n what_o differ_v effect_n be_v produce_v by_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o fire_n upon_o two_o magnetic_a body_n according_a to_o their_o respective_a constitution_n for_o by_o keep_v a_o loadstone_n red-hot_a though_o you_o cool_v it_o afterward_o in_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n you_o may_v deprive_v it_o of_o its_o former_a power_n of_o manifest_o attract_v but_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n be_v ignite_v and_o set_v to_o cool_v perpendicular_o do_v thereby_o acquire_v a_o manifest_a verticity_n of_o which_o differ_v event_n i_o must_v not_o now_o stay_v to_o inquire_v whether_o or_o no_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v that_o the_o peculiar_a texture_n or_o internal_a constitution_n that_o make_v a_o loadstone_n somewhat_o more_o than_o a_o ordinary_a ore_n of_o
shall_v direct_o exclude_v they_o all_o but_o since_o in_o my_o explication_n of_o quality_n i_o pretend_v only_o that_o they_o may_v be_v explicate_v by_o mechanical_a principle_n without_o inquire_v whether_o they_o be_v explicable_a by_o any_o other_o that_o which_o i_o need_v to_o prove_v be_v not_o that_o mechanical_a principle_n be_v the_o necessary_a and_o only_a thing_n whereby_o quality_n may_v be_v explain_v but_o that_o probable_o they_o will_v be_v find_v sufficient_a for_o their_o explication_n and_o since_o these_o be_v confess_o more_o manifest_a and_o more_o intelligible_a than_o substantial_a formâ—_n and_o other_o scholastic_a entity_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o it_o be_v obvious_a what_o the_o consequence_n will_v be_v of_o our_o not_o be_v oblige_v to_o have_v recourse_n to_o thing_n who_o existence_n be_v very_o disputable_a and_o their_o nature_n veâ—y_v obscure_v there_o be_v several_a way_n that_o may_v be_v employ_v some_o on_o one_o occasion_n and_o 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matter_n which_o itself_o consist_v of_o and_o that_o of_o the_o body_n it_o act_v upon_o as_o when_o goldsmith_n burnish_v a_o plate_n or_o vessel_n of_o silver_n that_o have_v be_v late_o boil_v look_v white_a before_o though_o they_o deprive_v it_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o its_o colour_n and_o give_v it_o a_o new_a power_n of_o reflect_v the_o beam_n of_o light_n and_o visible_a object_n in_o the_o manner_n proper_a to_o specular_a body_n yet_o all_o this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o intervention_n of_o a_o burnish_n tool_n which_o often_o be_v but_o a_o piece_n of_o steel_n or_o iron_n convenient_o shape_v and_o all_o that_o this_o burnisher_n do_v be_v but_o to_o depress_v â—â—â—â—â—tle_a prominency_n of_o the_o silver_n and_o reduce_v they_o and_o the_o little_a cavite_v of_o it_o to_o one_o physical_o level_a or_o plain_a superficies_n and_o so_o when_o a_o hammer_n strike_v often_o on_o a_o nail_n make_v the_o head_n of_o it_o grow_v hot_a the_o hammer_n be_v but_o a_o pure_o mechanical_a agent_n and_o
iron_n which_o metal_n as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v try_v be_v the_o usual_a ingredient_n of_o lodestone_n be_v spoil_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o fire_n this_o rude_a agent_n leave_v it_o in_o the_o condition_n of_o common_a iron_n or_o perhaps_o of_o ignited_a iron-ore_a whereas_o the_o fire_n do_v soften_v the_o iron_n itself_o which_o be_v a_o metal_n not_o a_o ore_n agitate_v its_o part_n and_o make_v they_o the_o more_o flexible_a and_o by_o relax_v its_o pore_n dispose_v it_o to_o be_v easy_o and_o plentiful_o pervade_v by_o the_o magnetical_a steam_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o which_o it_o may_v not_o improbable_o be_v think_v to_o receive_v the_o verticity_n it_o acquire_v and_o this_o the_o rather_o because_o as_o i_o have_v often_o try_v and_o elsewhere_o mention_v xi_o if_o a_o oblong_a loadstone_n once_o spoil_v by_o the_o fire_n be_v thorough_o ignite_v and_o cool_v either_o perpendicular_o or_o lie_v horizontal_o north_n and_o south_n it_o will_v as_o well_o as_o a_o 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to_o be_v compose_v of_o for_o it_o have_v be_v sometime_o observe_v that_o the_o bare_a continuance_n of_o a_o loadstone_n itself_o in_o a_o contrary_a position_n to_o that_o which_o when_o free_o place_v it_o seem_v to_o effect_v have_v either_o corrupt_v or_o sensible_o lessen_v the_o virtue_n of_o it_o what_o i_o former_o observe_v to_o this_o purpose_n i_o elsewhere_o relate_v and_o since_o that_o have_v a_o loadstone_n who_o vigour_n be_v look_v upon_o by_o skilful_a person_n as_o very_o extraordinary_a and_o which_o whilst_o it_o be_v in_o a_o artificer_n hand_n be_v therefore_o hold_v at_o a_o high_a rate_n i_o be_v careful_a be_v by_o some_o occasion_n call_v out_o of_o london_n to_o lock_v it_o up_o with_o some_o other_o rarity_n in_o a_o cabinet_n whereof_o i_o take_v the_o key_n along_o with_o i_o and_o still_o keep_v it_o in_o my_o own_o pocket_n but_o my_o stay_n abroad_o prove_v much_o long_o than_o i_o expect_v when_o be_v return_v to_o london_n i_o have_v occasion_n to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o loadstone_n for_o a_o experiment_n i_o find_v it_o indeed_o where_o i_o leave_v it_o but_o so_o exceed_o decay_v as_o to_o its_o attractive_a power_n which_o i_o have_v former_o examine_v by_o weight_n by_o have_v lie_v almost_o a_o year_n in_o a_o inconvenient_a posture_n that_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v for_o the_o circumstance_n new_o relate_v i_o shall_v have_v conclude_v that_o some_o body_n have_v purposely_o get_v it_o out_o in_o my_o absence_n and_o spoil_v it_o by_o help_n of_o the_o fire_n the_o virtue_n be_v so_o much_o impair_v that_o i_o care_v little_a to_o employ_v it_o any_o more_o about_o considerable_a experiment_n and_o this_o corruption_n of_o fourteen_o the_o magnetical_a virtue_n which_o may_v in_o tract_n of_o time_n be_v make_v in_o a_o loadstone_n itself_o may_v in_o a_o trice_n be_v make_v by_o the_o help_n of_o that_o stone_n in_o a_o excite_a needle_n for_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o magnetical_a writer_n and_o my_o own_o trial_n purposely_o make_v have_v assure_v i_o of_o it_o that_o a_o well_o poise_v needle_n be_v by_o the_o touch_n of_o a_o good_a loadstone_n excite_v and_o bring_v to_o turn_v one_o of_o its_o end_n to_o the_o north_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o south_n it_o may_v by_o a_o contrary_a touch_n of_o the_o same_o loadstone_n be_v deprive_v of_o the_o faculty_n it_o have_v of_o direct_v its_o determinate_a extreme_n to_o determinate_a pole_n nay_o by_o another_o touch_n or_o the_o same_o and_o even_o without_o immediate_a contact_n if_o the_o magnet_n be_v vigorous_a enough_o the_o needle_n may_v present_o have_v its_o direction_n so_o change_v that_o the_o end_n which_o former_o point_v to_o the_o north_n pole_n shall_v now_o regard_v the_o south_n and_o the_o other_o end_n shall_v instead_o of_o the_o southern_a respect_v the_o northern_a pole_n exper._n xv._n and_o to_o make_v it_o the_o more_o probable_a that_o the_o change_n of_o the_o magnetism_n communicate_v to_o iron_n may_v be_v produce_v at_o least_o in_o good_a part_n by_o mechanical_a operation_n procure_v some_o change_n of_o texture_n in_o the_o iron_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v a_o notable_a experiment_n of_o the_o ingenious_a doctor_n power_n which_o when_o i_o hear_v of_o i_o try_v as_o well_o as_o i_o can_v and_o though_o perhaps_o for_o want_v of_o conveniency_n i_o can_v not_o make_v it_o full_o answer_v what_o it_o promise_v yet_o the_o success_n of_o the_o trial_n be_v considerable_a enough_o to_o make_v it_o pertinent_a in_o this_o place_n and_o to_o induce_v i_o to_o think_v it_o may_v yet_o better_o succeed_v with_o he_o who_o experiment_n as_o far_o as_o it_o concern_v my_o present_a purpose_n import_v that_o if_o a_o puncheon_n as_o smith_n call_v it_o or_o a_o rod_n of_o iron_n be_v by_o be_v ignited_a and_o suffer_v to_o cool_a north_n and_o south_n and_o hammer_v at_o the_o end_n very_o manifest_o endow_v with_o magnetical_a virtue_n this_o virtue_n will_v in_o a_o trice_n be_v destroy_v 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body_n exper._n v._n fisth_o have_v take_v some_o amber_n and_o wary_o distil_v it_o not_o with_o sand_n or_o powder_a brick_n or_o some_o such_o additament_n as_o chemist_n be_v wont_a to_o use_v for_o fear_v it_o shall_v boylover_n or_o break_v their_o vessel_n but_o by_o its_o self_n that_o i_o may_v have_v a_o unmix_a caput_fw-la mortuum_fw-la having_n make_v this_o distillation_n i_o say_v and_o continue_v it_o till_o it_o have_v afford_v a_o good_a proportion_n of_o phlegm_n spirit_n volatile_a salt_n and_o oil_n the_o retort_n be_v wary_o break_v and_o the_o remain_a matter_n be_v take_v out_o in_o a_o lump_n which_o though_o it_o have_v quite_o lose_v its_o colour_n be_v burn_v quite_o black_a and_o though_o it_o be_v grow_v strange_o brittle_a in_o comparison_n of_o amber_n so_o that_o they_o who_o believe_v the_o virtue_n of_o attract_v