In the ranke of these most memorable workes of man I may well raunge the mountaine that was digged through by the same Claudius Caesar for to void away the water out of the lough or meere Fucinus although this work was left vnfinished for hatred of his successour which I assure you cost an incredible and inenarrable sum of mony besides the infinit toil and labour of a multitude of workemen and labourers so many yeres together as well to force the water which came vpon the pioners from vnder the ground with deuise of engines and windles vp to the top of the hill whereas it stood vpon meere earth as to cut and hâ—…w through hard regs and rockes of flint and all this by candlelight within the earth in such sort that vnlesse a man had bin there to haue seene the manner of it vnpossible it is either to conceiue in mind or expresse with tongue the difficultie of the enterprise As for the peere and hauen at Ostia because I would make an end once of these matters I will not say a word thereof nor of the waies and passages cut through the mountaines ne yet of the mighty piles and damns to exclude the Tuscane sea for the Lucrine lake with so many rampiers and bridges made of such infinit cost Howbeit among many other miraculous things in Aegypt one thing more I will relate out of mine author Papyrius Fabianus a great learned Naturalist namely That marble doth grow daily in the quarries and in very truth the farmers of those quarries and such as ordinarily do labour and dig out stone do affirme no lesse who vpon their experience doe assure vs that looke what holes and caues be made in those rockes and mountaines the same will gather againe and fill vp in time which if it be true good hope there is that so long as marbles do liue excesse in building will neuer die CHAP. XVI ¶ The sundry kinds of the Load-stone and the medicines thereto depending NOw that I am to passe from marbles to the singular admirable natures of other stones who doubts but the Magnet or Loadstone will present it self in the first place for is there any thing more wonderfull and wherein Nature hath more trauelled to shew her power than in it True it is that to rockes and stones she had giuen voice as I haue already shewed whereby they are able to answer a man nay they are ready to gainsay and multiply words vpon him But is that all what is there to our seeming more dull than the stiffe and hard stone And yet behold Nature hath bestowed vpon it sence yea hands also with the vse thereof What can we deuise more stubborne and rebellious in the own kind than the hard yron yet it yeelds and will abide to be ordered for loe it is willing to be drawne by the load stone a maruellous matter that this mettall which tameth and conquereth all things els should run toward I wot not what and the nearer that it approcheth standeth still as if it were arrested and suffereth it selfe to be held therwith nay it claspeth and clungeth to it and will not away And hereupon it is that some call the load-stone Sideritis others Heracleos As for the name Magnes that it hath it tooke it as Nicander saith of the first inuentor and deuiser thereof who found it by his saying vpon the mountaine Ida for now it is to be had in all other countries like as in Spaine also and by report a neat-heard he was who as he kept his beasts vpon the foresaid mountaine might perceiue as he went vp and downe both the hob nailes which were in his shooes and also the yron picke or graine of his staffe to sticke vnto the said stone Moreouer Sotacus ascribeth and setteth downe fiue sundry kinds of the load-stone the first which commeth out of Aethyopia the second from that Magnesia which confineth vpon Macedonie and namely on the right hand as you go from thence toward the lake Boebeis the third is found in Echium a town of Boeotia the fourth about Alexandria in the region of Troas and the fift in Magnesia a country in Asia Minor The principall difference obserued in these stones consists in the sex for some be male others female the next lieth in the colour As for those which are brought out of Macedonie and Magnesia they be partly red and partly blacke The Boeotian loadstone standeth more vpon red than black contrariwise that of Troas is black and of the female sex in which regard it is not of that vertue that others be But the worst of all comes from Magnesia in Natolia and the same is white neither doth it draw yron as the rest but resembles the pumish stone In sum this is found by experience That the blewer any of these loadstones be the better they are and more powerful And the Ethyopian is simply the best insomuch as it is worth the weight in siluer found it is in Zimiri for so they cal the sandy region of Ethyopia which country yeeldeth also the sanguine load-stone called Haematites which both in color resembleth bloud and also if it be bruised yeeldeth a bloudy humour yea and otherwhiles that which is like to saffron As for the property of drawing yron this bloud-stone Haematides is nothing like to the loadstone indeed But if you would know and try the true Ethyopian Magnet it is of power to draw to it any of the other sorts of loadstones This is a generall vertue in them all more or lesse according to that portion of strength which Nature hath indued them withal That they are very good to put into those medicines which are prepared for the eies but principally they do represse the vehement flux of humors that fall into them beeing calcined and beaten into pouder they do heale any burne or scald To conclude there is another mountaine in the same Ehyopia and not far from the said Zimiris which breedeth the stone Theamedes that will abide no yron but rejecteth and driueth the same from it But of both these natures as well the one as the other I haue written oftentimes already CHAP. XVII ¶ Of certaine stones which will quickly consume the bodies that be laid therein Of others againe that preserue them a long time Of the stone called Assius and the medicinable properties thereof WIthin the Isle Scyros there is a stone by report which so long as it is whole sound will swim and flote vpon the water breake the same into small pieces it will sink Near vnto Assos a city in Troas there is found in the quarries a certaine stone called Sarcophagus which runneth in a direct veine and is apt to be clouen and so cut out of the rocke by flakes The reason of that name is this because that within the space of forty daies it is knowne for certaine to consume the bodies of the dead which are bestowed therein skin flesh and
indured all labours and perils whatsoeuer Here à lso in Rome we may see certain drinking cups of steele dedicated in the temple of Mars the Reuenger But to come vnto the nature of yron herein appeareth still the same goodnesse of Nature that this mettall working such mischiefe as it doth should be reuenged of it selfe and receiue condigne punishment by the own rust See also the wonderful prouidence of Nature who maketh nothing in the world more subject to death and corruption than that which is most hurtfull and deadly to mankind As touching mines of yron ore they are to be found almost in euery country for there is not so much as the Island Ilua here within Italy but it breedeth yron And lightly wheresoeuer any such be they are easily found for the very leere of the earth resembling the colour of ore bewraieth where they lie And when it is found out they burn try and fine it as other veins of mettall Onely in Cappadocia there is some question and doubt made whether in the making of yron they be more beholden to the earth that yeeldeth the ore or to the water for the preparing and ordering of it for this is certain that vnlesse the vein of ore bee well drenched and soked with the water of one riuer there it will neuer yeeld yron out of the furnace As for the kinds of yron many they are and all distinct The first difference ariseth from the diuersity of the soile and climats where the mines be found for in some places the ground the position of the heauens do yeeld onely a soft ore and comming nearer to the substance of lead than yron in another the mettall is brittle and short standing much vpon a veine of brasse such as will not serue one whit for stroke and naile to bind cart-wheels withall which tire indeed would be made of the other that is gentle and pliable Moreouer some kind of yron there is that serueth onely if it be wrought in short and ' smal works as namely for nailes studs and tackes imploied about greeues and leg-harneis another againe that is more apt to take rust and canker than the rest Howbeit all the sorts of yron ore are termed in Latine Stricturae a word appropriat to this mettall to no other à stringenda acie i. of dazling the eies or drawing a naked sword But the furnace it self where the ore or yron stone is tried maketh the greatest difference that is for there in you shall haue to arise by much burning and fining the purest part thereof which in Latine is called Nucleus ferri i. the kernell or heart of the yron and it is that which we call steele and the same also of diuers sorts for the best is it that hardeneth the edge of any weapon or toole there is of it which serueth better for stithy or anuill heads the faces of hammers bits of mattocks and yron crowes But the most variety of yron commeth by the means of the water wherein the yron red hot is eftsoons dipped and quenched for to be hardened And verily water onely which in some place is better in other worse is that which hath innobled many places for the excellent yron that commeth from them as namely Bilbilis in Spaine and Tarassio Comus also in Italy for none of these places haue any yron mines of their owne and yet there is no talk but of the yron and steele that commeth from thence Howbeit as many kinds of yron as there bee none shall match in goodnesse the steele that commeth from the Ceres for this commoditie also as hard ware as it is they send and sell with their soft silks and fine surs in a second degree of goodnesse may be placed the Parthian yron And setting aside these two countries I know not where there be any bars or gads tempered of fine and pure steel indeed for all the rest haue a mixtue of yron more or lesse And generally in this West part of the world wherin wee liue all our steel is of a more soft and gentle temperature than that of the Leuant This goodnesse of steele in some countries ariseth from the nature of the mine as in Austrich in others from the handling and temperature thereof like as by quenching as I said before and namely at Sulmo where the water serueth especially for that purpose and no maruell for we see a great difference in whetting and sharpening the edge of any instrument between oyle whetstones that barbars vse and the common water grind-stones for surely the oilegiueth a more fine and delicat edge Furthermore this is strange that when the ore or vein is in the furnace it yeeldeth yron liquid cleare as water and afterwards being reduced into bars and gads when it is red hot it is spungeous and brittle apt to break or resolue into flakes And considering the difference that is betweene the nature of oile and water as I haue said this is to be obserued that the finer any edge tooles bee the manner is to quench them in oile for to harden the edge for feare lest the water should harden them ouer much and make the edge more ready to breake out into nickes than to bend and turne again But wonderfull it is aboue all that mans bloud should haue such a vertue in it as to be reuenged of the yron blade that shed it for being once embrued therin it is giuen euer after eftsoones to rust and canker Concerning the load-stone and the great concord or amity betweene yron and it I meane to write more amply in the due place Howbeit for the present thus much I must needs say that yron is the only mettall which receiueth strength from that stone yea and keepeth the same a long time insomuch as by vertue therof if it be once well touched rubbed withal it is able to take hold of other pieces of yron and thus otherwhiles we may see a number of rings hanging together in manner of a chaine notwithstanding they be not linked and inclosed one within another The ignorant people seeing these rings thus rubbed with the load-stone and cleauing one to another call it quick-yron Certes any wound made by such a toole are more eager and angry than by another This stone is to be found in Biskay scattered here and there in smal pieces by way of bubbation for that is the term they vse but it is not that true Magnet or load-stone indeed which growes in one continued rock And I wot not whether these be so good for glasse-makers and serueth their turn so well in melting their glasse as the other for no man yet hath made experiment therof But sure I am that if one do rub the edge back or blade of a knife therewith it doth impart an attractiue vertue of yron thereunto as well as the right Magnet An here I cannot chuse but acquaint you with the singular inuention of that great architect and master deuiser
Vespasian the Emperour a stately piece of worke 581. f Temple of Fortuna Sera built by Nero the Emperor all of Phengites stone 592. m Tephria what kind of Marble 573 c Tephritis a pretious stone 629. f. the description ibid. Tepula a water seruing Rome 585. d Terebinth or Terpontine tree what medicinable vertues it hath 181. c Terpentine rosin is the best 182. k. good to nourish the body and make it fat ibid. l Terra Sigillata or Lemnia 529 a. it was sealed in old time and thereupon called Sphragis ib. the medicinable vertues thereof 529. a Terraces whose inuention 596. i for Tertian agues what remedies are conuenient 70. l 112 g. 122. k. 125 a. 126. k. l. 205. b. 223. d. 260. h. k 287. c. d. 302. h. 309. e. 310. i. 391. c. 403. b. 424. i 446. i. Testiculus Canis an hearb 279. d. the description ib. a double root it hath like to dog stones ib. the different vertue and operation of these roots ib. Tetheae what fishes 442. k. their description and vertues medicinable 443. c. d Tetradoron what kind of bricke 555. d Tetragnathium a kind of Phalangium or venomous spider 360. k. the manner of their pricke and the accidents ensuing thereupon ibid. Tetters called Lichenes disfiguring the face how cured 156. g. 173. a. 183. c. 192. 〈◊〉 244. l m. 245 a. b. 377. c. e 556. l. 557. d. 560 h. for other tettars meet remedies 36. g. 45 c. 49. e. 52. i. 56. k 72. g. 75. b. 103. b. 124. h. 128. k. 142. l. 143. c. 144. l 146. i. 157. c. 166 l. m. 168. k. 169 a. 172 i. 187 e 252. h. 300. i. 413. b. 419. b. Teuca queene of the Illyrians put Romane embassadours to death 491. f Teucer a famous grauer 484 g Teucria an hearb 247. b. a speciall hearb for the liuer ib. Teucrion an hearb why so called 216. l. the description and vertues ibid. m T H Thalassegle what hearbe 203. e. why called Potamantis ib. the strange effects thereof ibid. Thalassomeli a syrrup how to be made 413. d. e. the singular vertues thereof ibid. Thalietrum or Thalictrum an hearbe 291. a. the description and vertue ibid. Thapsia an hearbe the root whereof is medicinable 245. b. Theamides contrary in nature to the Loadstone and reieteth yron 587. c Theangelis a magicall hearbe and the vertues thereof 203. f. Theatre of M. Scaurus a most wonderfull and sumptuous piece of worke 583. e. with the description thereof ib. Thebais salt for what infirmities good 419. b Thebes a city in Aegipt built hollow vpon vaults 580. h it had about it an hundred gates ibid. Thelygonum what hearbe 257. d. the vertues that it hath 268. h Thelyphonon what hearbe 230. l. the description ib. l. m the reason of the name ib. Thelypteris a kind of Fearne 281. d Themison a professour in Physicke 344. i. he wrote a Treatise in praise of Plantaine 223. b scholler to Asclepiades ib. he reiected his masters Physicke and brought in new 344. i Theodorus a writer in Physicke 52. i Theodorus a most curious and fine Imageur and grauer in brasse 503. a. he cast his owne image and a coach c. most artificially ibid. Theodorus one of the Architects that built the Labyrinth in Lemnos 579. c Theodorus a painter for what pictures hee was famous 550. h. i. Theombrotion a magicall hearbe described 203. c the nature thereof ibid. Theomenes his opinion as touching Amber 606. l Theon a painter and his workes 550. i Theophrastus his opinion of Amber 606. k Theophrastus wrote of floures and hearbes 82. l Theriace a kind of grape 148. i. the medicinable vertues thereof ibid. Theriaci what trosches 397. e. f. how they be made ib. their vse in preseruatiue antidots ib. Therionarca a magicall herbe the strange effects thereof 203. d. Therionarca another herbe described 229. c the reason of the name and the effects that it hath ib. Theseus a picture of Euphranor his doing compared with another that Parasius made 547. d Thesium what hearbe 127. e Thesmophoria what feasts 187. b Thespiades the nine Muses wrought in brasse by Euthicratis 500. g Thespiades also engrauen in marble 570. g Thessalie practised Magicke whereupon Magicians were called Thessalians 377. i Thessalica a comedie of Menander detecting the vanities of Magicke 372. m Thessalus a Physician 344. l when he flourished ibid. he altered the Physicke of his predecessors 344. m he inveâ—…ghed openly against them ib. he entituled himselfe vpon his tombe Iatronices 345. a Theudactylos a pretious stone 930. h Theutalis an herbe 287. a Thiatis what moneth in Aegipt 286. g against Thirstinesse appropriat remedies 43. b. 51. e. 60. h. i 67. b. 70. g. 73. a. 120. h. 129. b. 171. c. 275. e 624. g. Tâ—…laspi or Thlaspe what herbe 291 a of two kinds ibid. their description ib. why so called ibid. Thorne Arabian the medicinable vertues that it hath 194. i. Thracia a pretious stone of three kinds 629. f Thracian stone soonest burneth by the meanes of water 472. h. Thrasillus a writer in Physicke 435. d Three-leafe grasse See Trefoile and Clauer a fish bone slicking in the Throat how to be remoued 302. l 328. k. Throat swelled how to be assuaged 158. i Throat sore and exulcerat how to be healed 418. h. 328. i 378. g. 589. b. 609. b. for Throat infirmities generall remedies 41. f. 59. e. 74. k 120. h. 123. c. 157. b. 180. l. 245. b. 246 i. 317. a 328. i. Thryallis what herbe 230. k Thumbe of of K. Pyrrhus medicinable 295. f Thumbe hending downward a signe of approbation 297. d Thurtanus a famous potter 553 a he made the Image in the Capitoll of Iupiter in clay ib. Thunderbolts do sent or smell of brimstone 557. a Thuscanica what petie images 494. g Rome full of them ibid. h. i Thyme of Attica is best and therfore the hony from thence is chiefe 90. k. l Thyme of two kinds ibid. k when it floureth and how ib. 107. c. d by it is knowne what a yere will be of hony ibid. the description and nature of Thyme 90. k the vertues 107. d running Thyme 75. d why it is called Serpyllum ib. wild Thyme where and how it groweth 31. c. d the properties that it hath 75. d Thymbraeum what herbe 233. e. the vertue ibid. Thysselium what herbe 233. e. the vertue ibid. Thystles and their sundry kinds 98. g. h Thystles wild of two sorts 78. l Thystles forbidden to be eaten by Roman Commoners 11. d T I Tiberius Caesar a grim sir yet delighted in pictures 527. f See Tyberius Tiâ—…r of Flax 4. i. k Tikes in dogs how to be killed 124. i Tikes highly esteemed by Magicians 387. b. c their fooleries in the vse of Tikes ibid. Timagoras an antient painter 537. d Timaeus a naturall Philosopher 666. i Timanthes an excellent painter 536. k. famous for the picture of Iphigenia in Aulides ib. a man of fine conceit ib. Timarete a paintresse
a planet and bones broken 17. Against Melancholic and those whose braines bee troubled with fansies the lethargie dropsie wild fire or tetter and the paines or ach of the sinewes apt remedies 18. To staunch bloud to cure vlcers or old sores cankers and scabs 19. Medicines appropriat to womens diseases 20. Strange and wondrous things obserued in sundry beasts In summe here be reported medicines stories and obseruations to the number of a hundred eightie and fiue Latine Authours alledged M. Varro L. Piso Fabianus Verres Antias Verrius Flaccus Cato Censorius Servius Sulpitius Licinius Macer Celsus Massurius Sextius Niger who wrate in Greeke Bythus the Dyrrhachian Ophilius the Physitian and Granius the Physitian Forreine Writers Democritus Apollodorus who wrate a book entituled Myrsis Miletus Artemon Sextilius Antaeus Homer Thcophrastus Lysimachus Attalus Xenocrates who wrote a booke called Diophros and Archelaus likewise that wrote such another Demetrius Sotira Elephantis Salpe and Olympias of Thebes fiue women and midwines Diotimus Iolla Miction of Smyrna Aeschines the Physician Hippocrates Aristotle Metrodorus Icacidas the Physitian Hesiodus Dialcon Caecilius Bion the authour of the booke Peri Dynamaean Anaxilaus and king Iuba ¶ IN THE XXIX BOOKE ARE CONTAINED medicines from other liuing creatures Chap. 1. The first beginning and originall of the Art of Physicke when Physicians began first to visit Patients lying sicke in their beds the first Physitians that practised the cure of sick persons by frictions ointments baths hot-houses c. Of Chrysippus and Erasi stratus their course and manner of practise of Empiricke Physicke of Herophilus and other famous Physitians how often the Art and state of Physicke hath altered the first professed Physician at Rome when it was that hee practised what opinion the ancient Romans had of Physicians finally the imperfection and faults in that Art 2. The medicinable vertues and properties obserued in wooll 3. The nature of eggs and the vertues thereof good in Physicke 4. Remedies in Physicke receiued from doggs and other creatures that are not tame but wild also from foules and namely against the stings of the venomous spiders Phalangia 5. Of the Ostrich greace and the vertues therof of a mad dog also remedies had from him a lizard geese doues and weasils 6. Medicines against the falling of the haire and to make it grow againe to kill nits to recouer the haire of the eye-lids to cure the dimnesse and rednesse and generally all diseases and accidents of the eyes as also the swellings and inflammations in the kernils vnder the eares In sum there be medicines and other things worth obseruation in this booke to the number of fiue hundred twentie and one Latine Authors alledged M. Varro L. Piso Verrius Flaccus Antias Nigidius Cassius Hemina Cicero Plautus Celsus Sextius Niger who wrote in Greeke Caecilius the Physician Metellus Scipio Ovid the Poet and Licinius Macer Forteine Authours Philopater Homerus Aristotle Orpheus Democritus Anaxilaus Physitians Botrys Apollodorus Archidemus Anaxilaus Ariston Xenocrates Diodorus Chrysippus the Philosopher Horus Nicander Apollonius of Pytane ¶ IN THE XXX BOOKE ARE CONTAINED medicines for liuing creatures such as were not obserued in the former Booke Chap. 1. The beginning of the black Science Art magicke when it began who practised it first and who were they that brought it into request and reputation Also the rest of the medicines taken from beasts 2. Sundrie kinds of Magicke the execrable and cursed parts plaid by Nero and of Magicians 3. Of Wants or Mouldwarps of liuing creatures as well tame as sauage which affourd remedies and those are digested in order according to the diseases 4. How to make the breath sweet against mols and spots disfiguring the face remedies for to cure the diseases of the throat and chaws 5. Against the Kings euill and namely when the swelling is broken and doth run to ease the pain of the shoulders the heart and the parts about it 6. For the diseases of the lungs and liver also to cure the casting and reiection of bloud vpward 7. Remedies for the bloudie flix and generally for all diseases of the bellie and the guts 8. For the gravell and stone for paines of the bladder for swelling of the stones and the groine of apostems or swellings in the kirnels and emunctories 9. Against the gout of the feet and paines of other ioynts 10. Remedies against many diseases that hold the whole bodie 11. Against the jaundise the phrensie fevers and dropsie 12. Against the wild fire carbuncles fellons or vncoms burnes scaldings and shrinking of the sinews 13. To staunch bloud to allay swellings in wounds also to cure vlcers greene wounds and other maladies diverse remedies all taken from liuing creatures 14. To cure womens secret maladies and to helpe conception 15. Many receits and remedies huddled together one with another 16. Certaine miraculous things obserued in beasts In summe this booke sheweth vnto vs medicines and memorable obseruations 54. Latine Authors cited M. Varro Nigidius M. Cicero Sextius Niger who wrate in Greeke and Licinius Macer Forreine Writers Eudoxus Aristotle Hermippus Homer Apion Orphens Democritus and Anaxilaus Physicians Botrys Horus Apollidorus Menander Archimedes Ariston Xenocrates Diodorus Chrysippus Nicander Apollonius Pitanaeus ¶ THE XXXI BOOKE SHEWETH MEDICINES gathered from fishes and water creatures also it deliuereth vnto vs strange and wonderfull things as touching the Waters Chap. 1. Admirable matter obserued in the waters 2. The difference of waters 3. The nature and qualitie of waters how to know good and wholesome waters from them that be naught 4. The reason of some waters that spring on a suddain so likewise cease and giue ouer 5. Many historicall obseruations of waters 6. The manner of water conduits and how to draw them from their heads when and how waters are to bee vsed which naturally are medicinable how farre forth navigation or sailing vpon the salt water is good for the health medicines made of sea water 7. Divers kinds of salt the preparing and making thereof together with the vertues medicinable of salt and other considerations thereto belonging 8. Of the fish Scamber or the Mackrell of fish pickle of Alex a kind of brine or fish sauce 9. The nature of Salt and the medicines made of it 10. Sundrie sorts of Nitre the handling and preparation thereof the medicines and obseruation to it pertaining 11. The nature of Spunges This booke comprehendeth medicines and notable obseruations 266. Latine Authours alledged M Varro Cassius of Parma Cicero Mutius Cor. Celsus Trogus Ovid Polybius and Sornatius Forreine Writers Callimachus Ctesias Eudicus Theophrastus Eudoxus Theopompus Polyclitus Iuba Lycus Apion Epigenes Pelops Apelles Democritus Thrasillus Nicander Memander the Comicall Poet Attalus Sallustius Dionysius Andreas Nicreatus Hippocrates Anaxilaus ¶ IN THE XXXII BOOKE ARE CONTAINED other medicines behind from fishes and water creatures Chap. 1. Of the fish Echeneis his wonderfull propertie of the Torpedo and the Sea-hare maruellous things reported of the red sea 2. The naturall industrie
remuneration were giuen of Far which they called Adorea as hath beene said before Moreouer that the Romans for a long time liued of a kinde of batter or gruell made of meale sod and not of bread is very euident by old records and Chronicles for euen at this day such thick gruels or pottage be called Pulmentaria in Latine And Ennius a most antient poet when he would expresse the famin of a city that had endured long siege reporteth that the parents took by force from their chiâ—…dren their sops notwithstanding they cried pitteously for very hunger Moreouer euen in our time wherein we liue the sacred and ceremonious feasts by vs obserued in memorial of our birth daies and natiuitie standeth much vpon furmenty gruel fritters and pan-cakes It seemeth also that our gruels and such like pottage were as much vnknown to Greeks as their Polenta or dried groats were strange to vs here in Italy There is no corn more hungry and greedy of nourishment than Seed wheat or that draweth more vertue and fat out of the earth for nutrimentâ—… 〈◊〉 â—…ouching the winter grain called in Latine Siligo I may be bold to say it is the daintâ—… 〈◊〉 â—…st delicate wheat that is for whitenesse mildnesse and lightnesse It agreeth wel with 〈◊〉 â—…untries such as Italy is and that part of Gaul called Comata i. Lumbardy Beyond tâ—…â—…s also in Sauoy only and the territorie of the Meninians it will endure and hold the owâ—… 〈◊〉 well Mary in other parts of that countrey within two yeares it turneth into the common 〈◊〉 The only remedy therefore is to chuse forth the heauiest and weightiest cornes and them 〈◊〉 sow CHAP. IX ¶ Of Pastry of Grinding and of Meale THe best manchet bread for to serue the table is made of the winter white Wheat Siligo and the most excellent works of pastrie likewise are wrought thereof And yet in Italie it passeth all the rest in case that of Campain bee blended with another sort which doth grow about Pisâ—… for the Wheat of Campaine is redder but this of Pisae whiter and more weighty it is if it come from a chalky ground or haue chalk mingled among Moreouer this is the ordinary proportion that of the very pure corn of Campain wheat which they cal guelded i. wel husked and clensed a measure named Modius should yeeld four Sextars or quarts of fine meale but of the vulgar and common grain which is not so guelded 5 sextars and half a Modius besides of bolted floure and for a courser houshold bred which they call the second bread 4 sextars of meale and as many of brans Also of the Pisane wheat one Modius should yeeld fiue sextares of good meale and the rest equall to the former As for the Clusine and Aretine wheat in euery Modius it answereth again six sextars of meale that is to say one more than the rest otherwise they be all alike Now if you list to range and boult it for cork flower to make bread ye shall haue of manchet 16 pound of course houshold bread three and halfe a Modius of brans But this proportion doth not alwaies hold for it altreth according to the good or bad grinding vpon the mill for that which is ground dry rendereth againe more meale but if it be wet or be sprinckled with salt water it maketh the fairer meale and fuller of fine flower and then shall ye haue more go away in brans As for the word Farina in Latine i. meale it is deriued of Far which in old time was the best finest red wheat as may appeare by the very name that it carieth Finally a Modius of meale comming of the French Siligo called Blancheen or Ble-blanch maketh in bread 22 pound weight but of our Italian 3 or 4 pound more in bread pan-baked for what corn soeuer it be there must be allowance of two pound vantage ouer and aboue for ouen-baked bread CHAP. X. ¶ Of the meale called Similago of the white flower Siligo Of other sorts of Meale and of the maner of baking THe best meale of that kind which they call in Latine Similago is made of the common wheat If the corne come out of Africk it yeeldeth ordinarily for euery Modius half so much in ordinarie meale and fiue sextars besides of flower called Pollen for that is the Latine tearme which they vse in the finest of the common wheat Triticum proportionable to that which in the other winter wheat Siligo they call Flos. And great vse herof there is in copper-smiths forges and in work-houses where paper is made Ouer and besides of courser grodgeons for brown bread foure sextars and as much of brans Moreouer the ordinarie proportion goeth thus that of one Modius of the fine meale Similago there should be made 122 loues of bread that a Modius of the pure flower of Siligo should yeeld 117. As touching the price thus it goeth commonly in the market one yere with another when corn is at a reasonable and indifferent rate A Modius of down-right meale is worth 40 Asses but if the meale be sifted and ranged from the grosse brans vntill it be Similago it will cost eight Asses more and if it be boulted yet finer to the nature of the fine flower Siligo the ouer-deale in the price wil be double Another distinction or difference there was known of this proportion when a Modius comming of wheat of Similago was seen to answer 17 pound in bread and as much of Wheat flower called Pollen thirtie pound and foure ounces besides for second houshold bread two pound and a halfe and of the coursest or brownest as many and six Sextars ouer and aboue of brans But to return to our winter white wheat called Siligo it neuer ripens kindly all together as other corn doth and for that it is so tender and ticklish as that no corn wil lesse abide delay and tarry on worse great heed must be taken thereof for so soone as any is ripe presently the seed sheds and falls out of the eare Howbeit lesse danger is it subiect vnto whiles it standeth in the field than other kindes of wheat for it beareth alwaies an vpright spike or eare neither wil it hold and retain that mildew which blasteth corn so much and turneth it into black pouder As for that kind of corn which they call Arinca it maketh the sweetest bread the grain it selfe is more fast ful than the fine red wheat Far it carieth a bigger eare and is besides more ponderous and weighty Seldom is it seen that a Modius of this grain maketh full 16 pound In Greece they haue much ado with it to thresh it cleane and falter it from the huls and eiles For which cause Homer saith that they were wont to giue it as prouender to horses and such labouring garrons and the very same it is which he calleth Olyra Howbeit this corn in Aegypt goeth out easily vnder the flaile is
and layd abroad in the Sun it wil ingender wormes and magots The people of Africk are verily persuaded and so they giue out That if one be stung with a scorpion the same day that he hath eaten Basil it is vnpossible for to scape with life Likewise some hold opinion and would beare vs in hand That if a man stamp a bunch or handfull of Basill together with ten sea crabs or as many craifishes of the fresh water all the Scorpions thereabout will meet and gather together about that bait Finally Diodorus in his Empiricks or book of approued receits and medicines saith That the eating of Basil ingendreth lice Contrariwise the later writers and modern phisitians defend maintain the vse of Basil as stoutly as the other blamed it for first they auouch constantly That Goats vse to feed therupon Secondly That no man was euer known to go beside himselfe who did eat thereof Thirdly That Basil taken in wine with a little vineger put therto cureth as wel the sting of land scorpions as the venom of those in the sea Moreouer they affirme vpon their knowledge by experience That a perfume made of Basil and vinegre is singular good to recouer and fetch them again that be gon in a swound Also that in the same maner prepared it rouseth and wakeneth those that be in a lethargie and sleep continually yea and mightily cooleth and refresheth them that be inflamed in a burning heat A liniment made with Basill oile Rosat or oile of Myrtles in stead thereof with vineger asswageth the paine of the head Moreouer being laied to the eies with wine it staieth the waterish rheume that runs thither Furthermore comfortable it is to the stomack as they say for being taken with Vinegre it dissolueth ventosities and breaketh wind by rifting vpward Being applied outwardly it bindeth and staieth the running out or flux of the belly and yet it causeth free passe of vrine in abundance After the same maner it doth good in case of Iaunise and dropsie It represseth the rage of choler that moueth both vpward and downward yea and staieth all defluxions from the stomack And therefore Philistio knew what he did well enough when he gaue it to those that were troubled with the stomachical flux As also Plistonicus was well aduised in ministring it sodden for the bloudy flix the exulceration of the guts and the Collicke Some there be who giue it in wine to them who run euer and anon to the close stoole sit downe and do nothing to those that reach and cast vp bloud yea and to mollifie the hardnesse of the precordiall parts Being laid as a liniment to the nurses paps it restraineth the abundance of milk vea and drieth it vp There is not a better thing in the world for to be dropped into the eares of little babes and sucking children and namely with goose-grease If the seed be brused and so snuffed or drawn vp into the nosthrils it prouoketh sneesing The iuice moreouer laid as a liniment to the forehead openeth the passages that the rheumes or cold which lay in the head may breake away Being taken at meat and dipped in vinegre it mundifieth the matrice and natural parts of women Mixed with Copperose or Vitriol it taketh away warts Finally it setteth folk forward to venerious pleasure which is the reason that men vse to lay Basil vpon the shap of mares or she Asses at the time of their couering CHAP. XIII ¶ Of wild Basil Rocket Cresses and Rue WIld Basill is endued with vertues and qualities seruing to all the purposes abouesaid but the same is of better operation and more effectual And these properties ouer and besides it hath by it selfe namely To cure the weaknesse of the stomack and those accidents which come by often casting or immoderat vomits The root thereof taken in wine is singular good for the apostumes of the matrice and against the biting of venomous beasts As touching Rocket the seed cureth as well the venomous sting of Scorpions as the biting of the hardy shrew The same chaseth all vermin that be apt to ingender in mans body A liniment made with it and hony together taketh away all the spots that blemish the skinne of the face and with vinegre represseth the red pimples whatsoeuer The black or swe rt skars remaining after wound or sore it reduceth to the former fair white if it be applied with a beasts gal It is said moreouer that a potion therof made with wine and giuen to those who are to receiue punishment by the whip will harden them in such sort that they shall feele little or no smart at all by any scourging And for seasoning of all kinde of viands it hath such a pleasant grace in any sauce that the Greekes thereupon haue giuen it the name of Euzomos It is thought moreouer that a fomentation of Rocket brused and stamped somewhat before quickeneth and clarifieth the eye-sight it easeth little children of the chin-cough The root boiled in water and so applied draweth forth spils of broken bones As touching the vertue that Rocket hath to procure the heat of lust I haue spoken already yet thus much more in particular I haue to say that if one do gather three leaues of wild Rocket with his left hand stamp them afterward and so giue them to drink in honied water this drink mightily prouoketh that way As for Cresses they haue a contrary operation for they coole and dull the heat of the flesh how soeuer otherwise they giue an edge to the wit and vnderstanding as heretofore we haue declared Of these Cresses there be two kinds The white is purgatiue and the weight of a Roman denier taken in water doth euacuate cholerick humors A liniment thereof together with bean flower applied vnto the hard kernils called the Kings euill is a soueraigne remedie therefore so that a Colewort leafe be laid thereupon The other kinde is more blackish and purgeth the head of ill humors It clenseth the eies and cleareth the sight Taken in vineger it stayeth their brains that be troubled in mind and drunk in wine or eaten with a fig it is singular good for the splene If a man take it fasting euery morning with hony it cureth the cough The seed drunke in wine expelleth all the wormes in the guts which it doth more effectually if wilde Mints be ioyned withall With Origanum and sweet wine it helpeth those that be short winded and troubled with the cough The decoction therof when it is sodden in goats milk easeth the pains of the chest or breast Laid to as a Cerot with pitch it resolueth pushes and biles vea and draweth forth pricks and thorns out of the body A liniment applied with vineger taketh off all spots and speckles of the visage and if the white of an egg be put thereto it cureth cankerous sores Also being applied in forme of a soft vnguent to the splene it cureth the infirmities thereof but if
The leaues boiled in rain water together with the barke of the blacke fig-tree and the vine do make a lauature or water to colour the haire blacke The iuice of mulberries doth work speedily and prouoke to the siege and the very fruit or mulberry it selfe for the present is comfortable to the stomacke it cooleth for the time but bringeth thirst with it If a man eat them alone or last and lay no other meat vpon them they swell in the stomack and be very flatuous The juice drawn out of vnripe mulberries are of vertue to bind the belly In sum there be strange and wonderfull properties worthy to be obserued in this tree which seemeth to haue some sense and vnderstanding as if it were a liuing and sensible creature whereof I haue already written more at large in the description of it and the nature thereof There is a notable composition made of mulberries respectiue to the mouth and throat called thereupon Panchrestos Stomatice and by another name Arteriace the receit and making whereof is in this manner Recipe of the juice drawne out of Mulberries three sextars seeth it ouer a gentle and soft fire or rather let it stew in balneo Mariae vntil it be reduced to the consistence of hony afterwards put thereto of veriuice made of dried grapes the weight of two deniers or drams of myrrhe the poise of one denier of saffron likewise one dram or denier Let these ingredients I say be first beaten to pouder such I mean as need pulverising and so mingle them together with the foresaid decoction and put it vp for your vse A better and more pleasant medicine there is not for the mouth the windpipe the uvula and the stomack There is another way of making it in this sort Take of the juice aforesaid the quantity of two measures called sextars of Atticke hony one sextar seeth them together as before Many maruels besides are reported of this tree of which I will giue you a little tast Spie where the little mulberries that shall be are newly knit to wit when the tree first buddeth and before the leaues be fully out gather their yong knots of the fruit toward which the Greeks call Ricinos but in any case with the left hand take heed also that they touch not the ground how soeuer you do and if when you haue obserued these circumstances you weare them about your wrests hang them about your necke or otherwise tie them about you be sure they will stanch bloud whether it gush downe from your nosthrils flow out of a wound run out of the mouth or issue by the haemorrhoid veins And in truth folke vse to keepe these little buds or knots very carefully for this purpose The same vertue and operation the branches haue as they say but then they must be broken from the tree at the full of the moon when they begin to knit giue some hope of fruit if the same touch not the ground then they haue a speciall property respectiue vnto women for to restrain the immoderat flux of their monthly terms being tied or fastened to their arms And it is thought that they work this effect if the woman her selfe do gather them at any time whensoeuer prouided alwaies that the branch in any wise touch not the ground and that shee weare it fast about her in manner aforesaid The leaues of the mulberry tree stamped greene or beeing dry and boiled serue in a cataplasme to be applied vnto those places which are stung by serpents the same good they do also if they be taken in drink The juice of the bark which grew to the root if it be drunk either in wine or oxycrat i. vineger and water together is singular against the pricke of scorpions But here I must set downe the compositions that our antients deuised and made of mulberries first and formost they tooke a quantity of the juice pressed out of mulberries as well ripe as vnripe which they sod in a brasse pan vnto the consistence or thicknesse of honey Some vsed to put thereunto myrrh and Cypresse setting all to frie and take their fermentation in the sun vntil it grew to hardnesse in the foresaid vessell stirring it thrice a day with a spatule This was the stomaticall medicine of the antients which they vsed also in healing skinning vp wounds And yet there was another kind made after this sort they pressed forth the juice of the vnripe mulberries but first they let the said fruit to be very wel dried this serued them in lieu of sauce which gaue an excellent tast to their other meats In physick also they imploied it much namely about corrosiue and eating vlcers and for to euacuat tough fleame out of the brest they vsed it also as need required as an astrictiue to corroborat the noble and principall parts within the body It stood them also in good stead for collutions to wash the teeth withall Moreouer a third kind of juice they had which they drew from the leaues and roots after they were wel boiled and with this juice oile together they were woont to annoint any burnt or scalded place of the body for which purpose the leaues also they applied alone without more ado As touching the root of the Mulberry tree it yeeldeth in haruest time by way of incision an excellent juice for the tooth-ach for biles and impostumes especially such as are growne to suppuration and be at hand to break the same purgeth the belly The leaues of the Mulberry tree infused soked in vrine fetch off the haire from those skins which are to be courried and dressed Cherries loosen the belly and be hurtfull to the stomack yet if they be hanged vp and dried they do bind the belly and prouoke vrine I find a notable experiment in some authors That if a man eat Chery-stones and all in a morning new gathered from the tree with the dew vpon them they will purge so effectually that he shall find himselfe cleane rid from the gout of the feet if he were diseased that way Medlars all of them except those great ones called Setania which indeed are more like to Apples do close vp the stomack and bind the belly In like manner Sorueises if they be dried for being fresh and new gathered they be good to scoure and send excrements speedily out of the stomacke and belly both CHAP. XVIII ¶ Of Pine-nuts or Pine-apples of Almonds Filberds and Hazell-nuts of Wal-nuts Fisticks Chestnuts Carobs and Cornoils Of the fruit of the Arbut or Strawberry tree and the Bay THe Pine apples or nuts which haue rosin in them if they be lightly bruised and then sodden to the half in water with this proportion to wit one sextar of water to euery such apple do yeeld a decoction singular good for such as reach and spit vp bloud so that the patient drink two cyaths thereof at one time The decoction likewise
hurt them afterwards As for the other Smilax or Bindweed it loueth places well toiled and husbanded wherin it vsually groweth but of no vertue it is operation the former Bindweed is that the wood wherof we said would giue a sound if it were held close to the eare Another herb there is like to this which some haue called Clematis This plant creepeth climbeth vpon trees hauing many ioints also or knots The leaues are good to mundifie the foule leprosie The seed drunk to the measure of one acetable in a hemin of water or mead maketh the belly loose The decoction thereof is giuen likewise to the same effect CHAP. XI ¶ The vertues and properties of Canes or Reeds of the Papyr reed of Ebene Oleander Sumach otherwise called Rhus Erythros Madder Allysson Sopewort or Fullers-weed Apocynon Rosemary Cachrys Sauine Selago and Samulus Also of Gummes HEretofore haue wee shewed 29 sundry kinds of Reeds all indued with their medicinable vertues and in no plants more appeareth the admirable power of dame Nature the only subject matter handled in all these books of ours For in the first place there presenteth it selfe vnto vs the root of Reeds or Canes which being bruised and applied accordingly draweth forth of the body any spills of Fearne sticking within the flesh so doth the Fearne root by the Reed And forasmuch as we haue set downe many sorts of Canes that amongst the rest which commeth out of India and Syria and whereof persumers haue so great vse in their sweet ointments and odoriferous compositions hath this property besides That if it be boiled with the grasse called Deut de Chien i. Quoich grasse or Parsley seed it is diureticall and prouoketh vrine Applied outwardly it draweth down the desired sicknesse of women Taken in drink to the weight of two oboli it cureth those who are subiect to convulsions or cramps it helpeth the liuer and the reines it is a remedy also for the dropsie As for the cough a very persume thereof will stay it and the rather if it be mixed with Rosin The root sodden in wine with Myrrh clenseth scurfe and dandruffe it healeth also the spreading vlcers running scals of the head there is a juice besides drawn from it which becommeth like to Elaterium or the juice of the wilde Cucumber Moreouer in any Reed the best and most effectual part therof is that holden to be which is next to the root The ioints also and knots be of great efficacy The Cyprian Cane is named Donax the rind whereof if it be burnt and brought into ashes is singular for to bring haire againe in places where it is shed it healeth likewise vlcers growing to putrifaction The leaues thereof are vsed to draw forth any pricks or thorns The same be of great vertue against S. Anthonies fire the shingles and such like yea against all impostumations the common and ordinary Reeds haue an extractiue or drawing faculty if they be stamped greene which is not meant of the root only but also the very substance of the reed it self which they say is of great operation The root being reduced into a liniment and applied with vineger cureth all dislocations and easeth the pains of the chine bone The same punned green and new stirreth to lust if it be drunk in wine The down or cotton growing vpon the cane if it be put into the ears causeth hardnesse of hearing There groweth in Aegypt a certain plant named Papyrus which resembleth much the Cane or Reed a thing of great vse and commodity especially when it is dry for it serueth as a spunge both to suck vp the moisture in Fistulaes and also to inlarge them For swelling as it doth it keepeth the vlcer open and maketh way for the medicines to enter accordingly by that means The paper made thereof when it is burnt is counted to be caustick The ashes of it being drunk in wine cause sleep and applied outwardly taketh away hard callosities Touching Ebene it groweth not as I haue already said so neare vnto vs as in Aegypt And albeit my meaning and purpose is not to deale with any medicinable plants growing in the strange vnknown countries of another world yet in regard of the wonderfull properties that Ebene hath I will not passe by it in silence For first and foremost the fine dust or pouder filed from it hath the name to be a singular medicine for the eies as also that the wood therof being ground vpon an hard stone together with wine cuit dispatcheth away the cloudy mist which ouercasteth the eies As for the root if it be vsed likewise and applied with water it consumeth the pin and web and other spots in the eies The same being taken with equall quantity of the herb Dragon in hony cureth the cough In sum Physitians repute and range Ebene among the medicines which be corrosiue Oleander called in Greek Rhododendros which some name Rhododaphne and others Nerion hath not bin so happy yet as to find so much as a name among the Latines A strange and maruellous quality of this plant the leaues are a very poison to all four-footed beasts and yet they serue man as a preseruatiue and counterpoison against serpents if they be taken in wine with Rue among Also sheep and goats if they chance to drink of the water wherin those leaues lay soked wil by report thereupon die Neither hath Rhus a Latine name notwithstanding it be much vsed in Physick otherwise For it is a wild plant growing of it self bearing leaues like vnto the Myrtle vpon short stalkes and branches singular for to expell any poison and worms out of the body and besides called it is the Curriers shrub for that they vse to dresse their skins with the dry leaues therof instead of pomgranat rinds Of a reddish colour it is a cubit in height a finger thick Moreouer Physitians imploy the medicins wherinto this Rhus is put for bruises likewise for the flux proceeding from a feeble stomack as also for the vlcers in the seat But the leaues stamped and incorporat with hony and so brought into a liniment or salue with vineger do heale cankerous sores such as with inflammation do eat away the flesh to the very bone Their decoction is singular to be instilled into the ears that run with filthie matter Moreouer there is made a stomaticall composition of the branches of this Rhus boiled which serueth in the same cases as the aboue-named Diamoron i. of the Mulberries but if it haue allum ioined withall it is of greater efficacy The same being brought into a liniment is passing good for the swellings in a dropsie As for the Rhus which is called Erythros i. the red it is a shrub and the seed thereof is both astringent and refrigeratiue Much vsed is the grain or seed of this Rhus in stead of salt to pouder season meats Laxatiue it is and giueth a pleasant tast to any flesh meats especially if
which they cal Styptick or astringent there is not a better thing than to boile the root of this blackberry bramble in wine to the thirds and namely to make a collution therwith to wash the cankers or sores breeding in the mouth or to foment the vlcers growing in the fundament And verily of such a binding and astringent force is this bramble that the very spungeous bals that it beareth will grow to be as hard as stones Another kind of brier or bramble there is vpon which groweth a rose some cal it Cynosbatos others Cynospastos it beareth a leafe like to the print or sole of a mans foot A little bal or pill it breedeth furred or bristled much after the maner of the Chestnut which serueth as a speciall remedy for those that be subiect to the stone As for Cynorrhonos it is another plant different from this wherof I will speak in the next book CHAP. XIV ¶ Of Cynosbatos and the Raspice of the Rhamnos and of Lycium and Sarcocolla Of a certaine composition in Physicke called Oporice AS for the bramble named Chamaebatos it beareth certain black berries like grapes within the kernell wherof it hath a certain string like a sinew whereupon it came to be called Newâ—…ospastos it is a different plant from the Caper which the Physitians haue named also Cynosbatos Now the tender stems of the foresaid Cynosbatos or Chamaebatos condite in vineger are good for them to eat who are troubled with the opilation of the spleen with ventosities for it is a singular remedy for those infirmities The string or sinew thereof chewed with Mastick of Chios purgeth the mouth The wild roses that grow vpon this brier being incorporat with swines grease are excellent for to make the haire grow againe when it is shed by some infirmity The beries of these brambles if they be tempred with oile oliue made of green and vnripe oliues colour the haire black The proper season to gather the floures of these brambles that cary beries like to mulberies is in haruest time the white kind of them drunk in wine is a soueraign remedy for the pleurisie the flux of the stomack the root sodden to thethirds stoppeth a lask and staieth the flux of bloud likewise a collution made therwith fastneth loose teeth if they be washed withall The same decoction or liquor is good to foment the vlcers of the seat priuy parts The ashes of the root burnt keep vp the uvula from falling The Raspis is called in Latin Rubus Idaeus because it groweth vpon the mountain Ida and not elswhere so plenteously Now is this bramble more tender lesse in growth it putteth forth also fewer stalkes vpright and those more harmelesse and nothing so pricky as the other brambles before named besides it loueth well to grow vnder the shade of trees The floures of this bramble reduced into a liniment with hony restrain the flux of rheumaticke humors into the eies and keepeth down the spreading of S. Anthonies fire and giuen in water to drink it cureth infirmities of the mouth In all other cases it hath like operations to the former brambles Among the diuers kinds of brambles is reckoned the Rhamne which the Greeks cal Rhamnos notwithstanding that it is whiter more branching than the rest This Rham beareth many flours spreading forth his branches armed with pricks not crooked or hooked as the rest but streight and direct clad also with larger leaues A second kind there is of them growing wilde in the woods blacker than the other yet inclining in some sort to a red colour this carieth as it were certain little cods Of the root of this Rham boiled in water is made the medicine that is called Lycium The seed of this plant draws down the after-birth The former of these two which also is the whiter hath a vertue more astringent and cooling than the other therfore better for impostumations and wounds howbeit the leaues of both either green or boiled are vsed in liniments with oile for the said purpose But as touching Lycium the best of all other is by report made of a certain Thorne tree or bush which they cal Pyxacanthos Chironia the form wherof I haue described among the Indian trees indeed the most excellent Lycium by many degrees is that Indian Lycium thought to be The manner of making this Lycium is in this wise they take the branches of this plant together with the roots which be exceeding bitter after they be well punned and stamped seeth them in water within a brasen pan for three daies together or therabout which don they take forth the wood set the liquor ouer the fire again where it taketh a second boiling so long till it be come to the consistence or thicknes of hony howbeit sophisticated it is many times with some bitter juices yea and with the lees of oile beasts gall The very froth scum in maner of a flory that it casteth vp some vse to put into colyries medicines for the eies The substance of the juice besides is abstersiue it mundifieth the face healeth scabs cureth the exulcerations or frettings in the corners of the eies it represseth old rheumes distillations clenseth ears running with filthy matter represseth the inflammations of the almonds in the mouth called Tonsillae of the gums staieth the cough restraineth the reaching casting of bloud if it be taken to the quantity of a bean being spred in maner of a plaster or liniment and so applied it drieth vp running and watery sores it healeth the chaps and clifts in any part of the body the vlcers of the secret parts seruing for generation any place fretted or galled new and green vlcers yea and such as be corrosiue and withall growing to putrefaction it is singular for the calosities werts or hardcorns growing in the nosthrils and all impostumations moreouer women find great help by drinking it in milke for any violent shift or immoderat flux of their monthly sicknes the best Indian Licium is known by this That the masse or lump therof is black without-forth red within when it is broken but soon it commeth to a black colour An astrictiue medicine this is and bitter withal and hath the same effects which the other Lycium is reported to haue but specially if it be applied to the priuie members of generation As touching Sarcocolla some be of opinion that it is the gum or liquor issuing from a certain thorny plant or bush and they hold that it resembleth the crums of frankincense called Pollen or Manna Thuris in tast seemeth to be sweetish yet quick and sharpe withall This Sarcocoll stamped with wine and so applied represseth all fluxes in a liniment good it is for yong infants This gum also by age and long keeping waxeth black but the whiter is the better thereby is the goodnesse knowne But before I depart from this treatise of Trees
the seed of Mullen boiled in wine stamped and reduced into a cataplasme Hemlocke incorporat with hogs grease All these applied accordingly do assuage paine and bring down any swelling occasioned by dislocation The leaues of Ephemerum brought into a liniment are good for any bunches or tumors caused by those accidents if they be taken betimes whiles they may be discussed and resolued As touching the Iaundise I cannot but wonder at it especially appearing as it doth in the eies namely how the gall should get vnder those fine membranes and tunicles lying so close couched as they do Hippocrates hath taught vs a rule That if the jaundise shew in a feuer after the seuenth day from the beginning thereof it is a deadly signe Howbeit I my self haue known some to haue escaped and liued stil notwithstanding that desperat signe But this is not alwaies a symptome incident to an ague but happeneth otherwhiles without a feuer and then a drinke made of the greater Centaurie as I haue before shewed doth with stand stay the course therof Also Betony riddeth away the iaundise if the patient do drink three oboli therof in one cyath of old wine The leaues of Veruaine likewise haue the like effect if the same quantity be drunke foure daies together in one hemine of wine hot But the speediest cure of this disease is by Cinque-foile or fiue leaued grasse if three cyaths of the juice be taken with salt and hony in drink The root of Sowbread is a soueraigne medicine for this infirmity if the Patient drinke the weight of three drams but this care ought to be had that the room be hot and so close that no winde may come in for feare of catching cold and then it will driue out the jaundise by sweat lustily The leaues of Fole-foot taken in water the seed of Mercuries both the male female if a cup of drink be spiced therewith or if it be sodden with Wormewood or cich pease the * berries of hyssop drunk with water the herb Liuerwort so that the patient ab stain from all worts or potherbes so long as he taketh it Capillus veneris giuen in wine and the Fullers herb in wine honied be all of them good medicines for the jaundise As for the sores called Fellons or Cats-hairs they will breed euery where in any part of the body and put folk to great anguish and trouble who haue them yea and otherwhiles indanger their life especially if they meet with lean and worn bodies But what remedy Take the leaues of the herb Pycnocomos let them be stamped and incorporate with fried Barley meale and so applied in case the said fellons are not drawne to a pointed or sharpe head The leaues also of * Ephedros brought into a liniment and laid too do discusse dissolue them if they be taken in the beginning Moreouer you shall not see a part of the body but it is subiect to the Fistulaes which creepe inwardly and hollow as they go but especially when by the vnskilfull direction of Physitians or the lewd hand of chyrurgions there be an incision vntowardly made in the body The help is to make tents of Centaurie the lesse with honey boiled and put them into the concauity Also to vse an injection of Plantain juice To apply Cinquefoile with salt and hony Ladanum also with Castoreum to lay vnto the sore Vmbilicus veneris with deere Marow especially of Stag or Hind hot The string or pith of a Mullen root fashioned slender to the form of a tent put into the vlcer or the root of Aristolochia in that manner vsed or the juice of Tithymall conueied into it serue all to cure the Fistula Al inflammations biles impostumes are healed by a liniment made of Argemony leaues So be all hard and schirrous tumors occasioned by the gathering of humors with Veruaine or Cinquefoile sodden in vineger with the leaues and roots of Mullen with hyssope applied in wine with the root of Acorus so that there be a fomentation withall made of the decoction of the said herb and finally with Housleek In like manner these herbs before rehearsed do heale bruises hard tumors or bunches and hollow sores The leaues of * Illecebra draw forth any arrow heads and whatsoeuer sticketh within the body so do the leaues of Folefoot the Carot also and the leaues of * Lions paw stamped and incorporat with fried Barly meale in water The leaues of Pycnocomos punned or the seed beaten to pouder with Barly meale parched and so reduced into a cataplasm are good to be applied to biles and impostumes broken running matter In like manner the Ragworts are to be vsed As touching the accidents that happeâ—… in the bones the root of Satyrion if it be laid outward ly vpon them are thought to work a most effectual speedy cure Al cankerous eating sores likewise impostumes growing to suppuration are healed with the sea weeds if they be applied before they be dried withered Also the root of marsh Mallow doth dissipate and scatter all gatherings of humors to an impostume before it be come to an head and to suppurat Plantain and the Clot Bur are singular for burns or scalds healing them vp so clean without a skar that a man shall not perceiue the place the maner is to take the leaues seeth them in water stamp them into a liniment and so to apply them Likewise the roots of Sowbread together with Housleek the herb it selfe Hypericon which I called before Corion haue the like effect For the infirmities incident to sinews and joints Plantain is a soueraigne herb if it be stamped with salt so is Argemonia punned and incorporat with hony The juice of Harstrang is singular to annoint those that be sprained such also as be stretched with an vniversall cramp as if they were all of a peece For to mollifie the hardnesse of sinews that be shrunk vp there is not a better thing than the juice of Aegilops and to assuage their pain a liniment made with groundswell and vineger is excellent For those that be sprained and troubled with that crampe which draweth their necke backward it is good to rub and annoint them well with Epithymum with the seed of S. Iohns woort which also is called Coris and to drinke the same As for the hearbe Phrynion they say it hath vertue to conglutinat and vnite sinews again if they were cut in sunder if it be laied too presently either stamped or chewed in the mouth For such likewise as be spasmatick plucked backward with the cramp or troubled with trembling and shaking of the lims it is good to giue them the root of the marsh Mallow to drink in mead and in that maner taken it healeth those that be stiffe and stark for cold Finally the red seed of the herbe Paeony stancheth any flux of bloud the root thereof hath the like operation As for Cyclaminos that is to say
Sowbread it staies any bleeding whether it be at the mouth raught vp from out of the body or at the nosthrils whether it run by the fundament or gush from the matrice of women Likewise Lysimachia stancheth bloud either in drink liniment or Errhin put vp into the nose The like effect hath Plantain seed Cinquefoile also both taken inwardly and applied outward ly Moreouer if the nose bleed take the seed of Hemlocke beat it into pouder mixe it with water and so put it vp handsomly into the nosthrils Also Sengreene and the root of Astragulus To conclude wild Hirse called in Greek Ischaemon and Achillaea do stay any issue of bloud CHAP. XIII ¶ Of the herbe Equisetum of Nenuphar Harstrang Sideritis and many more effectuall to stanch bloud Of Stephanomelis and Erisithale Also remedies against wormes and vermine HOrse-taile named in Latine Equisetum and by the Greeks Hippuris an herb which heretofore I disallowed to grow in any medows and it is esteemed the very haire proceeding out of the earth like for all the world to the haire of an Horse-taile if it bee boiled in a new earthen pot neuer occupied before so as the pot be brim full when it is set on the fire and so to continue seething vntill a third part be consumed doth wast the spleen of lackies footmen if for 3 daies together they drink one hemine of the decoction at a time and besides this charge they ought to haue in any wise to forbeare all fat and oily meats for 24 houres before they begin this diet drink In describing of this herb the Greeks do not agree but are of diuers opinions some giue that name to a certain herb with blackish leaues resembling those of the Pine tree and they report a wonderfull vertue thereof and namely that if it doe but touch a man it wil stanch any issue of bloud And as some name it Hippuris so others called it * Ephedros and there be again who giue it the name Anabasis because forsooth as they say it climes vpon trees and hangeth down from thence with many blackish slender haires in manner of rishes resembling horse tailes Small branches it hath ful of joints and few leaues which be also fine and small The * seed that it beareth is round like vnto Coriander and the root of a wooddy substance this kind say they groweth principally in thickets and groues An astringent and binding power it hath The juice if it be conueighed vp into the nosthrils stenteth bleeding at nose though it gushed out from thence it knitteth also the belly and stoppeth a lask Taken in sweet wine to the quantity of 3 cyaths it helpeth the bloudy flix Vrine it prouoketh the cough it staieth and cureth straitnesse of winde when the patient is forced to sit vpright for to draw his breath It healeth ruptures and represseth those sores that loue to spread and run ouer the body The leaues are good to be drunk for the infirmities that offend guts bladder a speciall vertue it hath to cure those that be bursten bellied and haue their guts slipping downe in the bag of their cods The said Greek writers describe also another Horse-taile by the name of Hippuris with shorter softer and whiter haires than the former and they commend it as a soueraigne herb for the sciatica and for wounds to be applied vnto the place with vineger namely for to stanch bloud in which case the root of Nenuphar serueth very well if it be stamped and laid vpon a green wound If a man or woman void bloud at the mouth which doth rise from the parts below there is not a better thing than Harstrang taken in drinke with the seed or berries of the Cypresse tree And as for Sideritis the herb it is so powerfull that way that it stancheth bloud out of hand if it be applied kept fast to the wounds of these sword fencers that fight at sharp bleed they neuer so fresh the which effect we may see in the ashes and coles of Fennell-geant but the toad stoles or Mushrums growing about the root of the said plant doth the feat more surely in case the nose gush out with bloud Hemlock seed also beaten to pouder tempered with water and so put vp is counted very effectuall to stay the bleeding in like maner * Stephanomelis if it be applied with water The pouder of Betonie dried and drunk in Goats milk stancheth bloud issuing out of womens brests by the nepples The same doth Plantaine bruised and laid too in a pultesse The juice of Plantaine is good to be giuen them that vomite bloud For a bloud that runneth vp and downe breaking out one while here and another while there a liniment made of a Burre root and a little swines grease is commended to be excellent For such as be bursten or haue any rupture within be plucked with convulsions or haue faln from on high Centaury the greater the root of Gentian being stamped into pouder or boiled the juice of Betonie be counted singular means to recouer and more than that if a vein be broken by ouermuch straining the voice or the sides Likewise Panaces Scordium and Aristolochia taken in drinke serue well for the same purpose Moreouer if any be bruised within the body or haue bin ouerturned backeward and throwne downe it is good for them to drinke the weight of two oboli of Agarick in three cyaths of honied wine or in case an ague follow them withall in honied water for which purpose serueth also that kind of Verbascum or Mullen the floure whereof resembleth gold the root also of Acorus All the kindes of Housleeke to wit Prick-madam Horse-taile or Stone-crop but indeed the iuice of the biggest is most effectuall In like manner the decoction of Comfrey root and Carot taken raw There is an herbe called Erisithales with a yellow floure and leafed much after the manner of Brankvrsine the same ought to be drunk in wine as also Chamerops in the same case As for Irio it would be giuen in some supping and Plantain may be vsed any way it matters not how which herb hath this good property ouer and besides to cure the lowsie disease whereof Scylla the Dictatour died who was eaten with lice A wonderfull thing that in the very masse of bloud there should be ingendered such creatures to consume mans body But the juice of the wild vine called Vva Taminia as also of Ellebore is soueraigne against this foule and filthy maladie in case the body be annointed all ouer with a liniment made of it and oile together As for the said Taminia if it boyled in vineger it killeth such vermine breeding in clothes or apparell so they be washed or rubbed therewith CHAP. XIIII ¶ For vlcers and wounds To take away werts Of the herbe Polycnemon VLcers as they be of many sorts so they are cured after diuers manners If they be such as run and yeeld filthy
creature whatsoeuer will touch the roots vnlesse it be Spondylis and that is a kind of serpent which indeed spareth none As for this one point namely that the roots of herbs be lesse in force and of weaker operation in case the seed bee suffered to ripen vpon the plant no man maketh any doubt as also that their seeds be nothing so effectuall if incision were made in the roots for to draw juice out of them before the said seed is fully ripe Furthermore this is known found by experience that the ordinary vse of all simples doth alter their properties and diminish their strength insomuch as whosoeuer is daily accustomed vnto them shall not find when need requires their vertue powerfull at all either to do good or to work harme as others shall who seldome or neuer were acquainted with them Ouer and besides all herbs be more forcible in their operations which grow in cold parts exposed to the Northeast winds likewise in dry places than in the contrary Also there is no small difference to be considered betweene nation and nation for as I haue heard them say who are of good credit as touching worms and such like vermin the people of Egypt Arabia Syria and Cilicia be troubled infested with them wheras contrariwise some Graecians Phrygians haue none at all breeding among them But lesse maruel there is of that considering how among the Thebans and Boeotians who confine vpon Attica such vermine is rife and common and yet the Athenians are not giuen at all to ingender and breed them the speculation whereof carrieth me away again vnto a new discourse of liuing creatures and their natures and namely to fetch from thence the medicins which Nature hath imprinted in them of greater proofe and certainty than any other for the remedy of all diseases Certes this great Mother of all things entended not that any liuing creature should serue either to feed it selfe only or to be food for to satisfie others but her will was and she thought it good to insert and ingraffe in their inward bowels wholsom medicines for mans health to counterpoise those medicinable vertues which she had ingrauen and bestowed vpon those surd and sencelesse herbes nay her prouidence was such that the soueraigne and excellent means for maintenance of our life should be had from those creatures which are indued with life the contemplation of which divine mysterie surpasseth all others and is most admirable THE TVVENTY EIGHTH BOOK OF THE HISTORIE OF NATVRE WRITTEN BY C. PLINIVS SECVNDVS CHAP. I. ¶ The medicinable vertues of liuing creatures HAuing discouered as well all those things which are ingendred between Heauen and Earth as also their natures there remained nothing for me to discourse of saue only the Minerals digged out of the ground but that this late Treatise of mine as touching the medicinable properties of Herbs Trees and other plants draweth me quite a side from my purpose and haleth me back againe to consider the foresaid liuing creatures themselues euen the subject matter of Physicke in regard of greater meanes found out euen in them to aduance Physicke and cure diseases For to say a truth since I haue described and pourtraied both Herbes and Floures since I haue discouered many other things rare and difficult to be found out should I conceale such meanes for the health of man as are to be found in man himselfe or should I suppresse other kind of remedies which are to be had from creatures liuing amongst vs as wee doe if they may benefit vs especially seeing that our very life is no better than torment and miserie vnlesse we be free from paine and sicknesse No verily and far be it from me that I should so do But on the contrary side I will do my best indeuor to performe and finish this task also how long and tedious soeuer it may seem to be for my full intent and resolution is so I may benefit posteritie and doe good to the common life of man the lesse to respect the pleasing of fine eares or to expect thanks from any person And to bring this my purpose about I mean to search into the customes of forre in countries yea and to lay abroad the rites and fashions of barbarous nations referring the readers who shal make scruple to beleeue my words vnto those Authors whom I alledge for my warrant And yet herein this care I haue euer had To make choice in my reports of such things as haue bin held and in manner adjudged true by a generall consent approbation of all writers as coueting to stand more vpon the choice of substance than the variety and plenty of matter But before I enter into this argument I thinke it very necessary to aduertise the Reader thus much That whatsoeuer I haue heretofore written of liuing creatures concerneth the instinct of Nature wherewith they be indued and certain simples whereof they haue giuen vs the knowledge for surely as much good haue they done vnto vs by the medicinable herbs by them found out as possibly they can by the remedies which themselues do affoord from their own bodies But now it remaineth to shew simply the medicinable helpful properties in themselues which notwithstanding in the former treatise were not altogether left out and passed ouer And therefore this my present discourse of those creatures howsoeuer it is in nature different yet it dependeth of the other Begin then I will at Man himselfe to see what Physick there may be found in him to help his neighbor In which first entrance of mine there presenteth it selfe vnto mine eie one object that troubleth and offendeth my mind exceeding much for now adaies you shal see them that are subiect to the falling euil for to drink the very bloud of fencers and sword-plaiers as out of liuing cups a thing that when we behold within the same shew-place euen the tygres lyons and other wild beasts to do we haue it in horrour as a most fearfull and odious spectacle And these monstrous minded persons are of opinion That the said bloud forsooth is most effectuall for the cure of that disease if they may sucke it breathing warme out of the man himselfe if they may set their mouth I say close to the veine to draw thereby the very heart bloud life and all how vnnaturall soeuer otherwise it be holden for a man to put his lips so much as to the wounds of wild beasts for to drinke their bloud nay there be others that lay for the marow bones the very braine also of young infants and neuer make strange to find some good meat and medicine therein Ye shall find moreouer among the Greeke writers not a few who haue deciphered distinctly the seuerall tastes as well of euery inward part as outward member of mans body and so neare they haue gone that they left not out the paring of the very nailes but they could pick out of them some fine Physicke as if
health consisted in this That a man should become as bloudie as a sauage beast or that be counted a remedy which indeed is cause of a mischiefe and malady And wel deserue such bloud-suckers and cruell leeches to be frustrat of their cure and thereby to worke their owne bane and destruction for if it be held vnlawfull and abhominable to prie and look into the entrails and bowels of a mans body what is it then to chew and eat them But what monster was hee who first broched this geare and deuised such accursed drugs Ah wicked wretch the inuenter and artificer of those monstrosities thou that hast ouerthrowne all law of humanity for with thee wil I haue to do against thee will I whet my tongue and turne the edge of my style who first didst bring vp this bruitish leech-craft for no other purpose but to be spoken of another day and that the world might neuer forget thy wicked inuentions What direction had he who thus began to deuoure mans body lim by lim nay what conjecture or guesse moued him so to do what might the originall and foundation be whereupon this diuelish Physick was grounded what should he be that bare men in hand and would persuade the world That the thing which is vsed as a poison in witchcraft and sorcerie should auaile more to the health of man than other knowne and approued remedies Set case that some barbarous people vsed so to do say that strange nations and far remoued from all ciuility had these manners among them must the Greekes take vp those fashions also yea and credit them so much as to reduce them into a method amongst other their goodly Arts And yet see what Democritus one of them haue done there be extant at this day books of his inditing and penning wherein you shal reade That the soul of a wicked malefactor is in some cases better than that of an honest person and in other That of a friend and guest preferred before a stranger As for Apollonius another of that brood hee hath written That if the gums be scarrified with the tooth of a man violently slain it is a most effectuall and present remedy for the tooth-ach Artemon had no better receit for the falling sicknesse than to draw vp water out of a fountaine in the night season and to giue the same vnto the Patient to drink it in the brain-pan of a man who died some violent death so he were not burnt And Antheus took the scull of one that had bin hanged and made pills thereof which he ministred vnto those who were bitten by a mad dog for a soueraigne remedy Moreouer these writers not content to vse these sorceries about men imploied the medicines also of the parts of man to the cure of foure footed beasts and namely if kine or oxen were dew-blowne or otherwise puffed vp they were wont to bore holes through their horns so to inlay or interlard them as it were with mens bones finally when swine were diseased they tooke the fine white wheat Siligo being permitted to lie one whole night in the very place where some men were killed or burnt and gaue it them to eat As for me and all vs that are Latine writers God forbid we should defile our papers with such filthinesse our intention is to put downe in writing those good and wholsome medicines which man may affoord vnto man and not to set abroad any such detestable and hainous sorceries as for example to shew what medicinable vertue there may be in brest-milke of women newly deliuered what healthfull operation there is in our fasting spittle or what the touching of a man or womans body may auaile in the cure of any malady and many other semblable things arising from naturall causes For mine owne part verily I am of this mind That we ought not so much to make of our health or life as to maintain and preserue the same by any indirect course and vnlawful meanes And thou whosoeuer thou be that doest addict thy selfe to such villanies whiles thou liuest shalt die in the end a death answerable to thy beastly and execrable life To conclude therefore let euery man for to comfort his heart and to cure the maladies of his mind set this principle before his eies That of all those good gifts which Nature hath bestowed vpon man there is none better than to die in a fit and seasonable time and in so doing this is simply the best That in his power it is and the meanes hee hath to chuse what death he list CHAP. II. ¶ Whether Words Spels or Charmes are auaileable in Physicke Also whether wonders and strange prodigies may be either wrought and procured or put by and auoided by them or no. THe first point concerning the remedies medicinable drawn from out of man which mooueth the greatest question and the same as yet not decided and resolued is this Whether bare Words Charms and Inchantments be of any power or no If it be granted Yea then no doubt ought we to ascribe that vertue vnto man But the wisest Philosophers and greatest Doctors take them one by one doubt thereof and giue no credit at all thereto And yet go by the common voice of the whole world you shall find it a generall beleefe and a blinde opinion alwaies receiued whereof there is no reason or certain experience to ground vpon For first and formost we see that if any beast be killed for sacrifice without a sett forme of praier it is to no purpose and held vnlawfull semblably if these inuocations be omitted when as men seeke to any Oracles and would be directed in the wil of gods by beasts bowels or otherwise all booteth not but the gods seem displeased thereby Moreouer the words vsed in crauing to obtaine any thing at their hands run in one form and the exorcismes in diuerting their ire turning away some imminent plagues are framed after another sort also there be proper termes seruing for meditation only and contemplation Nay we haue seene and obserued how men haue come to make suit and tender petitions to the soueraign and highest magistrats with a preamble of certain set prayers Certes so strict and precise men are in this point about diuine seruice that for fear least some words should be either left out or pronounced out of order there is one appointed of purpose as a prompter to read the same before the priest out of a written booke that hee misse not in a tittle another also set neare at his elbow as a keeper to obserue and mark that he faile not in any ceremony or circumstance and a third ordained to goe before and make silence saying thus to the whole assembly congregation Favete linguis i. spare your tongues and be silent and then the fluits and haut-boies begin to sound and play to the end that no other thing be heard for to trouble his mind or interrupt him the while And verily
poisoned with swallowing down those venomous flies called Buprestes he shall find great help by eating lard and drinking the broth or decoction thereof Furthermore if a man round an asse in the eare and say closely That he is wounded by a scorpion the pain and grieuance thereof will immediatly passe away yea and any venomous thing whatsoeuer will flie from the fume of his lungs as it burneth also it is good for those who are stung by scorpions to be perfumed with the smoke of calues dung If a man be wounded by the biting of a mad dog some there be who cut round about the place to the very quick laying therto the raw flesh of a calfe and then giue the patient to drink the broth of the said flesh boiled or els hogs grease stamped with quick-lime Others highly praise the liuer of a buck Goat affirming that if it be once applied he shall not fall into that symptome of hydrophobie or fearing water incident to those that be bitten with a mad dog They commend also a liniment made of goats dung and wine or hony tempered together like as the decoction of a grey or badger of a cuckow and a swallow taken in drink For the biting of other beasts it is an ordinary practise to lay vnto the sore dry cheese made of goats milk together with origan but they giue direction to drink the same in some conuenient liquor in case one be bitten by a mans tooth they prescribe boeuse sodden and applied howbeit the flesh of a calf is more effectual with this charge that this cataplasm be not remoued before the fift day It is a common saying that the muffle or snout of a Wolfe kept long dried is a countercharm against all witchcraft and sorcery which is the reason that they vsually set it vpon gates of countrey ferms The same force the very skin is thought to haue which is flaied whole of it self without any flesh from the nape of the neck And in truth ouer and aboue the properties which I haue reported already of this beast of such power and vertue it is that if horses chance to tread in the tracts of a Wolfe their feet will be immediatly benummed and astonied Also their lard is a remedy for those who are empoisoned by drinking quick-siluer Asses milke if it be drunke doth dull and mortifie the force of any poison but more particularly if any haue taken Henbane the viscous gum of the herb Chamaeleon Hemlock the sea-Hare the iuice of Carpathum the poison Pharicum or Dorycnium also in case that crudled milk haue done harm to any for surely it is no better than poison especially the first beestings if it quaile and cruddle in the stomacke To conclude Asses milke hath many other medicinable properties which we will speake of hereafter But remember alwaies to vse this milke whiles it is fresh and new drawne out of the vdder or els not long after then it must be warmed for there is not any milk that sooner loseth the vertue Moreouer the bones of an Asse well broken bruised and sodden are giuen for a counterpoison against the venome of the sea-Hare And for all these purposes before said the milke and bones of the wild Asses be thought more effectuall As touching wild horses the Greeks haue written nothing because throughout all Greece there are none of them to be seene Howbeit whatsoeuer medicinable vertues be attributed to horses the same we must think more forcible in the wild than in others Neither had the Greeks any experience of those Neat or Buffles called Vri and Bisontes yet the forest of India be ful of wild buls kine Now by good reason and proportion we are to think that whatsoeuer commeth from them is more auaileable in Physicke than from the tame of that kind And verily Cow milk is said to be a generall counterpoison able to kill any of those venoms abouenamed Ouer and besides if the dangerous Lilly called Ephemerum Colchicum be taken inwardly and setled in the stomack or if the greene flies Cantharides haue bin giuen in drink the said milke will send vp all againe by vomit And as for the Cantharides the broth of Goats flesh will doe the like Against those corrosiue poisons which kill by exulceration the tallow of a calfe or any Boeufe is a soueraigne medicine As for the danger that commeth by drinking Horse-leaches Butyr made of Cows milk is a singular remedy if it be taken with vineger heat with a gad of steele The same alone without any other thing is a good counterpoison for if oile be wanting butter may serue the turn as well Being ioined with hony it healeth the sores occasioned by the biting of the Porcelets called Multipedae The broth made of their tripes if it be drunke is thought to kil any poison abouenamed and besides the Aconite and Hemlock so doth the suet of a Calfe Greene cheese made of Goats milk is good for them that haue drunk the venomous viscositie issuing out of the herb Chamaeleon called Ixias but their milke is a remedy against the flies Cantharides and the venomous hearbe Ephemerum if it bee drunke with the grape Taminia Goats bloud sodden together with the marrow is taken against the poisons called Toxica and kids bloud against the rest The rennet found in the maw of a kid hath a peculiar vertue to mortifie the venom of the foresaid viscous gum Ixia as also of the herb it self Chamaeleon the white yea and Buls bloud for which the rennet of an Hare with vineger is a singular defensatiue Against the venomous Raie or Puffen called Pastinaca Marina the pricke or sting also of any sea-fish the said rendles of an Hare Kid or Lamb is a singular antidot taken to the weight of one dram in wine As for the rennet of an Hare it is one of the ordinary ingredients that go to the composition of all preseruatiues and counterpoisons There is a kind of Butterflie that vseth to fly about candles as they are burning which is reckoned among poisons The aduersatiue remedy against it is a Goats liuer like as their gal is soueraigne against any venomous drinkes made of the rusticke weazill CHAP. XI ¶ Receits and remedies for many kinds of maladies taken from sundry beasts BVt now will I returne to the remedies appropriate to diseases respectiue to the particular members of the body and first to begin at the head Bears grease mixed with Ladanum and that kind of Maidenhaire which is called Adiantum retaineth the haire of the head which is giuen to fall off also the places that be already bare it replenisheth again with new haire the same being incorporat with the fnngous excrescence growing about the candle-snuffe as also with the soot found sticking to the sockets of lamps and candlestickes causeth the haire of the eie-lids to come thick Mixed with wine it is good against the skurfe and dandruffe among the hairs for which purpose serueth the ashes of
haire of the body to fall off And yet as great and dangerous as the poyson of these beasts is there be some creatures and namely Swine that eat them safely so effectuall is their contrarietie and repugnancie in Nature that it conquereth and subdueth the said poyson And to mortifie this venome it soundeth to good reason that those beasts should haue power which feed vpon them and find no harme thereby But writers there be who say that the flies called Cantharides taken in drink or the Lizard in meat are good for that purpose be sides other things which are aduerse and contrary thereto wherof I haue already spoken will speak more in time and place conuenient As for that which the Magicians do report of the Salamander against skarefires for that there is other beast but it that scorneth the violence of the fire and quencheth it surely it had beene put in practise long since at Rome in case their words had proued true Sextius affirmeth That the body of a Salamander cleansed from the guts and garbage within and parted from the head and feet if it be condite in hony inciteth greatly to fleshly lust those that eat thereof but he denieth flatly that it doth extinguish and put out the fire Now concerning those birds which yeeld any helpe against serpents the vulture or Geir deserueth to be set in the first ranke but this hath bin obserued and found by experience that the black of this kind are not so powerful as others in this behalfe It is commonly said that a perfume made with burning their feathers chaseth serpents away Likewise it is an opinion generally receiued that whosoeuer carie about them the heart of this foule are secured from the violent assault not of serpents only but also of other wild beasts yea and of theeues robbers by the high way side The same also assures them to escape the danger of princes wrath and indignation howsoeuer they be set and incensed against them The flesh of Cocks and Capons dismembred if it be applied warm as it was plucked from the bones to the place which is bitten or stung by any serpent drawes out the venome and mortifies the strength therof so doth their braines if it be drunke in wine But the Parthians thinke it better to lay vnto the said sores the braines of an Hen. Also a broth made of such pullein hath a singular vertue in this case if it be supped off like as in many others it workes wonderfull effects as it is vsed For first and formost neither Lions nor Panthers will set vpon those persons who are bathed with their decoction especially if there were any Garlick sodden therin Secondly it is passing good to keep the body loose but stranger is the operation if it were of an old Cocke Item It serueth very well to cure long feauers the trembling also and nummednesse of the lims it assuageth the pain of all kinds of gout easeth the head-ach staieth the violence of rheumes especially falling into the eies resolueth ventosities quickeneth the dull appetite to meat preuenteth the danger of the inordinat desire to the stoole without doing any thing if it be taken betimes and in the beginning of that disease strengtheneth a feeble liuer comforteth the reins and the bladder concocteth crudities in the stomack and finally helpeth those who are short winded In regard of these manifold commodities the maner of making this broth as it ought to be is set down in writing and direction giuen therefore For more effectuall it is found to be in case there be sodden with the Cocke or Capon the sea wort Soldanella or the hearbe Cybium Capres or Persely Mercurie the herbe Polypodium or dill Now the best way of making this broth is to set the said Cocke or Capon a seething with the abouenamed herbes in three gallons of water and to suffer the same to boile vntil there remain but three pints of liquor when it is thus sodden to this height it ought to coole without dores in the open air and then it is singular good to be giuen in those cases aboue rehearsed prouided alwaies that the patient haue taken a vomit before for that is the only season And for as much as I am thus far entred into a discourse of Pullain I canot forget one miraculous experiment although it be nothing pertinent to Physick this it is That if one put the flesh of an hen into gold as it is in melting it will draw all the mettall into it and consume it so as therupon the said flesh is held to be the poyson as it were of gold Moreouer if you would not haue a Cock to crow and chant put a wreath or coller of Vine twigs about his necke But to returne again to our receits and medicines against serpents the flesh of young Pigeons newly hatched as also of swallowes is very good so are the feet of a scriche Owle burnt together with the herbe Plumbago But before I write further of this bird I canot ouerpasse the vanitie of Magicians which herein appeareth most euidently For ouer and besides many other monstrous lies which they haue deuised they giue it out That if one doe lay the heart of a scrich Owle on the left pap of a woman as she liee asleep she will disclose vtter all the secrets of her heart also whosoeuer carie about them the same heart when they go to fight shal be more hardie and performe their deuoir the better against their enemies They tell vs moreouer I wot not what tales of their egges and namely that they cure the accidents and defects befalling to the haire of the head But I would faine know of them what man euer found a scrich-Owles nest and met with any of their egges considering that it is holden for an vncouth and strange prodigie to haue seen the bird it selfe and what might he be that tried such conclusions and experiments especially in the haire of his head Furthermore they affirme assuredly That the bloud of their young birds will curle and frizzle the same haire Much like to these toies are their reports also of the Bat for say they if a man goe round about a house three times carrying a liue Bat with him and then naile it vpon the window with the head downward it is a soueraign counter charme against all sorceries and witchcrafts and more particularly if a Bat be borne thrice round about a sheepe-coat and then hanged vpon the lintell of the dore with the heeles vpward it will serue for a singular preservatiue to defend the sheep from all such harmes As for the bloud of a Bat they commend it highly for healing the sting of serpents if together with the leaues or seeds of a thistle it be applied to the place Touching the venomous spider called Phalangia they know not in Italy what it is for all there be many kinds thereof for some are like vnto Pismires but
with sorrel or docks and parsley they force womens months to come downe speedily if the broth be drunke and withall bring plentie of milke into nurces breasts If women haue an ague and the same accompanied with head-ach much twinkling or inordinat palpitation of the eies it is thought they shall find much good by drinking them in some hard and austere wine Castoreum taken inwardly in honyed wine is singular to helpe forward womens monethly purgation the same being held to their nosthrils with vinegre and pitch to smell vnto or put vp beneath in manner of a suppositorie after it is reduced into the forme of trochisques helpeth them when by rising of the mother they are in danger of strangulation For to bring away the after-bitth it auaileth much also for women to drinke the said Castoreum with Panaces in foure cyaths of wine as also it is certaine that whosoeuer take the weight of three Oboli thereof shall auoid the danger that may come to them by extremitie of cold Moreouer if a woman great with child chance to goe ouer a place where lieth Castoreum or to step ouer the Beuer it selfe which is the beast that beareth it she shal be deliuered before her time yea she shall be in great danger vpon her deliuerance if the same be but born ouer her where she lieth A wonderfull thing it is that I read of the crampfish Torpedo namely That if it be taken while the moone is in the signe Libra and be kept for three daies together abroad in the open aire so often afterwards as it is brought into the roume where a woman is in trauell of childbirth she shall haue easie and speedie deliuerance In this busines also it is thought expedient that the prick which a Puffin or Forkfish hath in the taile be applied and tied fast to the nauell of a woman prouided alwaies that if it be taken forth of the fish aliue and then the same fish be let goe againe and throwne into the sea I read in some writers of that which they call Ostracium to be the same that others name Onyx but call it what you will a suffumigation made thereof is of wonderfull effect to ease the pain and griefe of the matrice I find that it hath the smell of Castoreum and if it be burnt together therwith in a perfume the more good will ensue as also that the ashes thereof calcined heale all inueterat vlcers and such as are morimals and scorne any ordinary cure And verily the same authors doe report that for carbuncles cancers and such vntoward sores as arise sometimes about the priuities of women the most present assured remedy that is to heale them is the female Sea-crab stamped after the full of the moone with the finest powder of salt called the floure thereof and water together and so reduced into the forme of a salue or liniment The bloud gall and liuer of the fish Tunie ether taken fresh or old kept be all of them depilatories for they fetch away hair and hinder it from growing the liuer therof punned and together with the rosin or oile of cedar incorporat and kept in a leaden box hath the same effect This was the deuise that the famous midwife Salpe had for boies to make them beardlesse and appeare alwaies young and to set them out the better for sale Of the same operation is the fish called Pulmo Marinus the Sea-hare likewise I meane the bloud and gall of them both and as for the said Sea-hare being but stifled killed in oile it is as effectuall The ashes of the Sea-crab and Scolopendre both the Sea-nettle a fish so called incorporat with vinegre squillitick the brains of the crampfish Torpedo tempered with alume be all depilatories if the place be anointed therewith the morrow after the moon is at the full The bloudy moisture that coms from the little frog which I described heretofore in the cure belonging to eies is the strongest depilatorie that is and worketh most effectually in case the part be dressed therwith while it is fresh and new and the frog it selfe dried and stamped and anon after boiled in three hemins of vinegre till one of them be consumed or in oile after the same manner in some brasen pan is a sure medicine to take away haire and hinder the comming vp of it againe In the same measure of liquor some put fifteene frogs and make thereof an excellent depilatorie like as I haue said already among the remedies appropriat to the eies Moreouer horsleeches torrified in some earthen pan and brought into a liniment with oile worke the same effect in the hairs the very perfume or smoke which they cast as they be burnt or torrified killeth Punaises if they either flie or be brought into the aire thereof Furthermore diuers haue beene knowne to vse Castoreum and hony in a liniment for many daies together as a notable depilatorie But in vsing any depilatorie whatsoeuer this one point is generally to be obserued That the haires be first pulled vp by the roots in any place where they would not haue them to grow To come now vnto the gumbs of children and their breeding of teeth the ashes of dolphins teeth mixed with hony is a soueraign medicine yea or if you do but touch their gumbs with a dolphins tooth all whole as it is the effect thereof is admirable the same hanged about their necks or tied to any part of the body riddeth them of sodain frights wherunto infants are much giuen Of the same effect is the tooth also of a dogfish As for the vlcers or sores incident to their eares or any other part of their body the broth of riuer creifishes thickned with barly meale heales them For other diseases also of breaking out a liniment made of them and oyle incorporat together in a mortar is singular good if they be anointed all ouer therwith Touching the hot distemperatures and inflammations of the head wherto little babes be much subject a spunge actually cold applied to the place and oftentimes wet is a good meanes to cure the same but a frog turned inside outward hath no fellow if it be bound fast vnto the head for they say that it may be found all drie vpon the head with drawing the heat so forcibly to it A Barble drowned in wine or the fish called a Rochet or also two Eeles likewise the fish named the Sea-grape putrified in wine do infuse this vertue into the foresaid wine That whosoeuer drinke thereof shall haue no mind afterwards to any wine besides but fall into a dislike and loathing thereof The stay-ship Echeneis the skin of a Sea-horse forehead especially toward the left side wrapped within a little linnen cloth and so hanged about one or the gall of a liue Crampe-fish applied vnto the genitall members in manner of a liniment be all means to coole the wanton lust of the flesh contrariwise the flesh of riuer Creifishes powdred and kept
vnto the souldiers their wages and their very pay thereupon was called Stipendiam from whence commeth Stipend a word commonly receiued According to which manner and custome all buyings and sellings at this day which passe with warrantise are vsually performed by interposition of the ballance which fer ueth to testifie the realitie of the contract and bargaine on both parts Touching brasse mony Servius Tullius a king of Rome caused it first to be coined with a stampe for before his daies they vsed it at Rome rude in the masse or lumpe as Remeus mine author doth testifie And what was the marke imprinted thereupon euen a sheepe which in Latine they call Pecus and from thence proceedeth the word Pecunia that signifieth mony And note here by the way that during the reigne of that king the best man in all Rome was valewed to be worth in goods not aboue 110000 Asses in brasse and at this rate were assessed the principall houses of the city in the kings bookes and this was counted the first Classis Afterwards in the 485 yere from the foundation of the city when Q. Ogulnius and C. Fabius were Consuls fiue yeares before the first Punicke warre they began to stampe siluer mony at Rome and three seuerall pieces were coined At what time ordained it was That the Denarius or Denier should goe for tenne Asses or pounds of brasse mony the halfe Denier Quinarius should be currant for fiue and the Sesterce reckoned worth two and a halfe Now for as much as during the first Punick war against the Carthaginians the ctiy was growne much behind hand and farre indebted so as they were not able to goe through the charges which they were to defray agreed it was and ordained to raise the worth of the brasen mony by diminishing the poise wheras therfore the Asse weighed a pound of twelue ounces they made the Asse of two ounces By which deuise the Commonwealth gained fiue parts in six and the Fisque or city chamber by that means was soone acquit of all debts But if you would know what was the marke of this new brasen Asse of the one side it was stamped with a two faced Ianus on the other side with the beake-head of a ship armed with brasen pikes Other smaller pieces there were according to that proportion to wit Trientes the third part of an Asse and Quadrantes the fourth which had the print of punts or small boats vpon them As for the piece Quadrans it was before time called Triuncis because it weighed three ounces Howbeit in processe of time when Anniball pressed hard vpon the city and put them to an exigent for mony to maintaine the wars against him driuen they were to their shifts and forced when Q. Fabius was Dictator to bring downe the foresaid Asse of two ounces vnto one Yea and enected it was That the siluer denier which went before time for ten Asses should be worth sixteene the halfe Denier or Quinare eight and the Sesterce foure and by this means the State gained the one halfe full And yet I must except the mony paied to souldiers for their wages for a Denier vnto them was neuer reckoned aboue ten Asses As for the siluer Deniers stamped they were with the pourtraiture of coches drawne with two horses or foure horses whereupon they were called Bigati and Quadrigati Within a while after there passed an act promulged by Papyrius by vertue whereof the Asses weighed not aboue halfe an ounce Then came Livius Drusus in place who being one of the Prouosts or Tribunes of the commons brought in base money and delaied the siluer with one eight part of brasse Touching that piece of coine which now is called Victoriatus stamped it was by an Act proposed by Clodius for before his time those pieces of mony were brought out of Sclauonia and reckoned as merchandise and stamped it is with the image of Victorie of which it tooke that name Concerning gold coined into mony it came vp threescore and two yeres after the stamping of siluer pieces and a scriptule of gold was taxed and valued at twenty sesterces which ariseth in euery pound according to the worth of sesterces as they were rated in those daies to nine hundred Sesterces But afterwards it was thought good to cast and stampe pieces of gold after the proportion of fiftie to a pound And those the Emperors by little and little diminished stil in poise till at length Nero brought them downe to the lowest and caused them to be coined after the rate of fiue and fiftie pieces to the pound In summe the very source and originall of all auarice proceedeth from this mony and coine deuised first by lone and vsurie and continued still by such idle persons that put forth their mony to worke for them whiles they sit still and find the sweetnes of the gaine comming in so easily But this greedy desire of hauing more still is growne after an outragious manner to be excessiue and no more to be named couetousnesse but rather insatiable hunger after gold insomuch as Septimuleius an inward and familiar friend of C. Gracchus forgat all bonds of amitie and hauing cut off his friends head vpon promise to haue the weight of it in gold brought the same vnto Opimius howbeit he poured molten lead into the mouth thereof to make it more heauie and so together with this parricide and vnnaturall murtherer cousened also beguiled the Commonweale But to speak no more of any particular citizen of Rome the whole name of the Romanes hath beene infamous among forraine nations for auarice and corruption in this kind as may appeare by the conceit that king Mithridates had of them who caused Aquilius a Generall of theirs whose hap was to fall into his hands for to drinke molten gold See what couetousnesse brings home with it in the end Now when I behold and consider no more but these strange names of our vessell in plate which are newly deuised in Greek from time to time according as the siluer is either double or parcell gilt or the gold enclosed and bound within worke I am ashamed of it and the rather for that in regard of these deuised names and daintie toies such plate as well of beaten gold as guilded only should be so vendible and sell so deare especially knowing as we do full well the good order that Spartacus held in his campe expressely commanding that no man should haue any plate of gold or siluer A great reproch to vs Romans that our fugitiues banished persons should shew a more nobler spirit than we our selues Messala the great Oratour hath left in writing That M. Antonius vsed to discharge all the ordure and filthy excrements of the body into vessels of gold yea and allowed Cleopatra likewise to do the same by her monthly superfluities most shamefully Noted it was among forrein Nations for excessiue licentiousnesse and that in the highest degree that K. Philip of Macedony was neuer
anotherwhile to start and cast himself backward by turns The same workman inuented a deuise of yong lads youths vaulting and mounting on horseback Cheraeas expressed in brasse the liuely pourtraitures of K. Alexander the Great and king Philip his father Ctesalaus represented in the same mettal one of these Doryphori which were of K. Darius his guard bearing a speare or pertuisane also one of those warlick women Amasons wounded And Demetrius woon great credit by making Lysimache in brasse who had beene the Priestresse of Minerva and exercised that ministerie threescore and foure yeares And this artisane made also the image of Minerua surnamed Musica vpon this deuise For that the dragons or serpents which serue in stead of haires vpon her Gorgon or Meduases head wrought in her targuet would ring and resound againe if one strucke the strings of an Harpe or Citron neer to them And the same imageur made the liuely pourtraiture of Sarmenes riding on horseback for that he was the first that wrote of horsemanship Daedalus moreouer who is ranged among the excellent founders imageurs of old time deuised in brasse two boies rubbing scraping and currying the sweat from their bodies in the baine And Dinomenes was the workman who cast in brasse the full proportion and similitude of Protesilaus and of Pythodemus the famous wrestler Alexander otherwise called Paris was of Euphranor his making The excellent art and workmanship wherof was seen in this that it represented vnto the eie all at once a iudge between the goddesses the louer of Helena and yet the murtherer of Achilles The image of that Minerua at Rome which is called Catuliana came out of this mans shop and it it the same which was dedicated and set vp beneath the Capitoll by Quintus Luctatius Catulus whereupon it tooke that name Moreouer the image that signifieth good lucke or happie successe carying in the right hand a boule or drinking cup in the left an eare of corne and a Poppy head was his handie worke Like as the princesse or ladie Latona newly deliuered of Apollo and Diana holding these her two babes in her armes and this is that Latona which you see in the church of Concordia in Rome He made besides many chariots drawne as well with foure as two horses as also a key-bearer or Cliduchus of incomparable beautie Semblably two other statues resembling Vertue and Vice both which were of an extraordinary stature and bignes gyant-like in manner of Colosses He made besides a woman ministring and yet worshiping withall Item King Alexander the Great and King Philip his father riding both in chariots drawne with foure horses Eutychides a renowned imageur represented the riuer Eurotas in brasse and many men that saw this worke were wont to say That the water ran not so cleare in that riuer as art and cunning did appeare in this workemanship Hegyas the imageur made Minerva and King Pyrrhus which be much praised for the art of the maker likewise boies practising to ride on horsebacke the images also of Castor and Pollux which stand before the temple of thundring Iupiter in Rome In the colonie or city Parium there is an excellent statue of Hercules the handy worke of Isidorus Buthyreus the Lycian was taught his cunning by Myron who among many other pieces beseeming the apprentise of such a master deuised in brasse to represent a boy blowing at a fire halfe out and he it was that cast in the same mettall the famous Argonautes in that voyage to Colchos Leocras made the Aegle that rauished Ganymede and flew away with him but so artificially as if she knowing what a fine dainty boy she had in charge and to whom she caried him clasped the child so tenderly that shee forbare with her tallons to pierce through the very cloths The boy Autolicos also winning the prize in all games and feats of actiuitie was of his making for whose sake Xenophon wrote his booke entituled Symposion likewise that noble image of Iupiter in the Capitoll of Rome suramed Thundering which is commended aboue all others as also Apollo with a crowne or diademe Lyciscus counterfeited Lago a boy who in maner of a page or lacquey seemed to be double diligent after a flattering and deceitfull sort performed nothing but eie-seruice Lycus also made another boy blowing the coales for to maintain fire Menechmus deuised to cast in brasse a calfe turning vp the neck head at the man that settteth his knee vpon his sides and keepes his body down This Menechmus was a singular imageur and himself wrote a book as concerning his own art Naucides was iudged to be an excellent workman by the making of Mercury of a discobole or coiter as also for counterfeiting in brasse one that was a sacrificing or killing a ram Naucerus woon credit by making of a wrestler puffing blowing for wind Nicerates had the name for the curious workmanship of Aesculapius and Hygia which are to be seen at Rome within the temple of Concord Porymachus got great reputation by a coach drawn with four steeds ruled by Alcibiades the coachman all of his making Policles was the maker of that noble piece of work that goeth vnder the name of Hermaphroditus Pyrrhus counterfeited in brasse another Hygia Minerua And Phoenix who learned his art of Lysippus liuely counterfeited the famous wrestler Epitherses Stipax the Cyprian got himselfe a name by an image resembling one Splanchnoptes This was a prety boy or page belonging to Pericles surnamed Olympius whom Stipax made frying rosting the inwards of a beast at the fire puffing and blowing therat with his mouth full of breath and wind for to make it burne Silanion did cast the similitude of Apollodorus in brasse who likewise was himselfe a founder and imageur but of all other most curious and precise in his art he neuer thought a thing of his owne making well done and no man censured his worke so hardly as himselfe many a time when he had finished an excellent piece of work he would in a mislike vnto it pash it in pieces and neuer stood contented and satisfied with any thing when it was all done how ful of art soeuer it was and therfore he was surnamed Mad Which furious passion of his when Silanion aforesaid would expresse he made not the man himselfe alone of brasse but the very image of Anger and Wrath also with him in habit of a woman Ouer and besides the noble Achilles was of his making a piece of worke well accepted and much talked of Of his doing is Epistates teaching men how to wrestle and exercise other feats of actiuitie As for Srâ—…ongylion he made one of the Amazons which for an excellent fine and proper leg that she had they call Eucnemos and in that regard Nero the Emperour set so great store by this image that it was carried ordinarily wheresoeuer he went This artificer made likewise another brasen image resembling a faire and
the water of the sea about the shore Capnites as some think is a kind of stone by it selfe beset with many wreaths and those seeming to smoke as I haue said already in due place the naturall place of it is Cappadocia and Phrygia in some sort it is like yvory As touching Callainae it is commonly said that they be found alwaies many joined together Catochites is a stone proper to the Island Corsica in bignes it exceedeth ordinary precious stones a wonderfull stone if all be true that is reported thereof and namely That if a man lay his hand thereupon it will hold it fast in maner of a glewie gum Catopyrites groweth in Cappadocia Cepites or Cepocapites is a white stone and the veins therein seem to meet together in knots and so white and cleare withall that it may serue as a mirrour to shew ones face Ceramites in colour resembleth an earthen pot As for Cinaediae they be found in the braine of a fish named Cinaedus white they be and of a long fashion and of a wonderfull nature if wee may beleeue that which is reported of the euent which they signifie and namely that according as they bee cleare or troubled in colour they do presage either storms or calm at sea Cerites is like to wax and Circos vnto wreaths or circles Corsoides is made in maner of a gray peruke of haire Corallo-achates vnto a Corall set with gold spots Corallis to Vermillon and is ingendred in India and Syene Craterites hath a colour betweene the Chrysolith and the base gold Electrum of an exceeding hard substance Crocallis doth represent a cherry Cyssites is engendred about Coptos and is of a white color it seemeth as it were to be with childe for somthing stirs and ratleth within the belly if it be shaken Calcophonos is a blacke stone if a man strike vpon it he shall perceiue it to ring like a piece of brasse and the Magitians would persuade those that play in Tragoedies to carry it about them continually As for the stone Chelidonia there be two sorts of it in colour they do both resemble the Swallow and of one side which is purple you shal see black spots intermingled here and there among Chelonia is no more but the very eie of an Indian Tortoise of a most strange nature by the Magitians saying and working great wonders but they will lie most monstrously for they would promise and assure vs That after one hath well rinsed or washed his mouth with hony and then lay it vpon the tongue hee shall presently haue the spirit of prophesie and be able to foretell of future things all a day long either in the full or change of the Moon but if this be practised in the wane of the Moon he shall haue this gift but onely before the Sunne-rising vpon other daies namely while the moone is croissant from six of the clock or sun-rising six houres after Moreouer there be certaine stones called Chelonitides because they be like to Tortoises by which these Magitians would seeme to tell vs by way of prophesie and reuelation many things for to allay tempests and stormes but especially the stone of this kinde which hath golden drops or spots in it if together with a flie called a beetle it be cast into a pan of seething water it will auert tempests that approch Chlorites is a stone of a grasse green colour according as the name doth import and by the saying of Magitians it is found in the gesier of the bird called Motacilla or Wagtaile yea and is ingendred together with the said bird They giue direction forsooth as their manner is to inchase or inclose it with a piece of yron and then it will doe wonders Choaspites taketh that name of the riuer Choaspes green it is and resplendent like burnished gold Chrysolampis is found in Aethyopia all the day long of a pale colour but by night it glowes in manner of a cole of fire Chrysopis is so like to gold as a man would take it for no other The stones called Cepionides grow in Aeolis about Atarne a little village now but somtimes a great town they haue many colours and be transparent sometimes in manner of glasse otherwhiles like Crystall or the lasper such also as be not cleare through but foule and thick within are notwithstanding so pure and neat without that they will represent a man or womans visage as wel as a mirroir or looking glasse Daphnias is a stone whereof Zoroastres writeth and namely that it is good against the falling sicknesse Diadochus is like to Berill Diphris is of two kinds the white and the black the male and the female where in may be perceiued very distinctly those members that distinguish the sex by reason of a certain line or vein of the stone Dionysias is a blacke stone and hard withall hauing certain red spots interming led if it be stamped in water it giueth the tast of wine and is thought to withstand drunkennesse Draconites or Dracontia is a stone ingendred in the brains of serpents but vnlesse it be cut out whiles they be aliue namely after their heads be chopt off it neuer grows to the nature of a precious stone for of an inbred malice and enuie that this creature hath to man if perceiuing it selfe to languish and draw on toward death it killeth the vertue of the said stone and therefore they take these serpents whiles they be asleepe and off with their heads Sotacus who wrote that he saw one of these stones in a kings hand reports that they who go to seek these stones vse to ride in a coach drawn with two steeds and when they haue esp ed a dragon or serpent cast in their way certain medicinable drugs to bring them asleep and so haue means and leisure to cut off their heads white they are naturally transparent for impossible it is by any art to polish them neither doth the lapidary lay his hand to them Encardia is a precious stone named also Cardiscae one sort there is of them wherein a man may perceiue the shape of an heart to beare out a second likewise there is so called of a greene colour and the same doth represent also the forme of an heart the third sheweth the heart only black for all the rest is white Enorchis is a faire white stone the same being diuided the fragments thereof do resemble a mans genetoirs whereof it took that name As touching Exhebenus the stone Zoroastres saith that it is most beautifull and white and therewith goldsmiths vse to burnish and polish their gold As for Eristalis being of it self a white stone seemes as a man holdeth it to wax red Erotylos which some cal Amphicome others Hieromnemon is commended much by Democritus for sundry experiments in prophesying and foretelling fortunes Eumeces groweth in the Bactrians country like to a flint being laied vnder a mans head lying asleep vpon his bed it representeth by visions
need so require within foure hours after morning light but in no wise later Now there be diuers experiments that serue for this purpose to wit the weight of a ston for commonly the fine gem indeed is heauier than the other secondly the very body and substance is to bee considered for it is an ordinary matter to see in the ground and bottome of falsified stones certain little pushes as it were rising out to feele them rough in hand outwardly also to perceiue their filaments not to continue their lustre surely and to beare it out to the very eie but commonly in the way to vanish and be spent But the most effectuall proofe of all is to take a little fragments to be ground afterward vpon a plate of yron but lapidaries wil not indure this triall they refuse also the experiment made by the file furthermore the fragment of the black Agath or Geat wil not rase or skarifie true gems Item False stones if they be pierced or ingrauen will shew no white Such difference there is moreouer in stones that some scorne all ingrauing with an yron punson others likewise cannot be cut but with the instrument or grauer bent turned back but there is not one but may be ingrauen with the Diamant And verily the most material thing herein is to heat the grauing steele or punson As touching riuers that affoord precious stones Acesines and Ganges are the chiese and of all lands India is the principall And now hauing discoursed sufficiently of al the works of Nature it were meet to conclude with a certain general difference between the things themselues and especially between country and country For a finall conclusion therefore go through the whole earth and all the lands lying vnder the cope of heauen Italy wil be found the most beautiful goodliest region vnder the Sun surpassing all other whatsoeuer and worthily to be counted the chiefe and principall in euery respect Italy I say the very lady and queen yea a second mother next to damé Nature of the world chiefe for hardy men chiefe for faire and beautifull women inriched with captaines souldiers and slaues flourishing in all arts and sciences abounding with noble wits and men of singular spirit scituat vnder a climat most wholesome and temperate seated also commodiously by reason of the coasts so ful of conuenient hauens for traffick with all nations wherein the winds are most comfortable for it extendeth it selfe and lieth to the best quarter of the heauen euen in the midst just between East and West hauing waters at command large forests faire and those yeelding most healthful air bounded with mighty rampiers of high mountains stored with wild beasts and those harmlesse finally the ground so fertile for corn the soile so battle for herbage as none to it comparable In summe whatsoeuer is necessary and requisit for the maintenance of this life is there to be had in no place better all kind of corne and grain wines oile wooll linnen woollen excellent boeufs as for horse-flesh I haue alwaies heard euen from the mouth of those that be professed runners in the race with horse and charriot That the breed of Italy passeth al others for mines of gold siluer brasse yron it gaue place to no country whatsoeuer so long as it pleased the state to imploy it that way and in lieu of those rich commodities which it hath still within her womb she yeeldeth to vs variety of good liquors plenty of al sorts of corn and abundance of pleasant fruits of all kinds But if I should speake of a land after Italy setting aside the monstrous and fabulous reports that go of India in my conceit Spaine is next in all respects I meane those coasts which are inuironed with the sea FINIS An Index pointing to the principall matters contained in the second Tome of Plinies naturall Historie A B ABaculi what they be 598. l Abaculus an Island 606. i Abiga an hearbe 181 e. why so called ibid. Abort what things do cause 101 i. 200 i l. 229 e. 286 k 309 b. 340 h. 396 i. 427 a. 449 a. women hauing suffered Abort how to be cured 104. h Abort how to be preuented 312 l. 319 f. 339 c. 396 l m 398 m. 403 a. 427. a. 448 l. 590 m 591 b. Abortiue fruit how to be fetched away when a woman trauelleth therewith 180 g. medicines causing Abort not to be put downe in writing 213 d. Abrodioetus a surname that Parasius the painter stiled himselfe with 536. h Abron a painter 549. f Abfinthites See Wormewood wine Abstersiue medicines 144 g. 197 d Abstinence from wine medicinable 303 c. from all drinkes ibid. from flesh meats ibid. A C Acacia what it is 194 k. from whence it commeth ibid. l how drawne ibid. Academia a house of pleasure 402 g. why so called ibid. Academicae questions why so called 402. g Acanos or Acanon what hearbe 119 f Acanthion what hearbe 194 i. the medicinable vertues thereof ibid. how emploied in the East parts 194 k Acanthios See Groundswell Acaros what it is 237. a Acasigneta an hearbe Magicall 204 g. why so called ibid. named also Diony sonymphas and why ibid. h Accesse easie and fauourable to princes how to be obtained 357. b Acedaria what they be 12 i. why so called ibid. Acenteta when they be 603. b Aceratae what snailes 380 l Acetabulum what measure it is 113. c Achates a pretious stone See Agath Achilleae what Images 490. k Achilles how he is painted 516 h Achilleos a singular wound-hearbe 216 i. found by Achilles ibid. he cured prince Telephus with it ibid. the sundry names it hath ibid. the description ibid. the vertues ibid. k Achaemenis a magicall hearbe 203 b. the description ibid the wonderfull operation ibid. 244 h. why called Hippophobas 203. b Ach of the hill or mountaine Parsely 24 g. the description ibid. See Oreoselinum Acidula a water medicinable a fountaine medicinable 402 l. actually cold ibid. Acidulus a fountaine 402. l Acinos what hearbe and the vertues 111. b Aconiti what it signifieth 549 d Aconitum a poysonous hearbe 43 e. a most speedie poyson 269 f. the description of it 271 a. why called Cammoron ibid. how it first was engendred according to the Poets fables 270 g. why called Thelyphonon 271 a. how emploied for the killing of Panthers or Libards 270 i. named by some Scorpion and why 271 a. by others Myoctonon ibid. why called Aconitum ibid. what remedies against Aconitum 43 c. 119 a. 153 b. 262 h. 170 g. 237 f. 270 i. 323 d. 363 e 431 c. Aconitum how it may be vsed for the health of man 270. g Acopis a pretious stone 624. h. the description and vertues ibid. Acopa what medicines they be 354 l. what go to them 417 d. 426 g. 450 i. 591 b. Acopos an hearbe See Anagyros Acornes and their medicinable vertues and properties 177 c. Acoros See Galengale Acragas a singular engrauer
kindes and vertues ibid. Alkakengi an hearbe See Halicacabus Alkanet See Orchanet Almond a disease of the throat See Amygdales Almond tree what medicinable vertues it affourdeth 171. d Almond milke ibid. e Almonds bitter their vertues ibid. e. f Almonds sweet their medicines 172 g oyle of Almonds 161. b. the effects thereof ibid. Aloe an hearbe 251. b. the description 271. d. e. an excellent wound-hheaâ—…be ibid. how the iuice is drawne out of it ibid. a gumissuing from it without inâ—…ision ibid. Aloe minerall about Ierusalem 271. f the concrete iuice of Aloe how to be chosen ibid. how it is sophisticated 272. g the manifold vertues it hath ib. the onely purgatiue comfortable to the stomacke ibid. the dose of Aloe ibid. h Alopecia a disease when the hair falleth vnkindly from the head and beard 23â—… 〈◊〉 i. 364. l. the remedies See Haire shedding and baldnesse Alsine an hearbe 272 m. the reason of the name ibid. the description ibid. called by some Myos-oton ibid. and why 273. a. the vertues ibid. Alpheus a riuer running vnder the sea 411. b Alphion a meere hauing water medicinable 403. a why so called ibid. Althaea what kind of Mallow 71. e Alum an hearbe 275. d. the description ib. the vertues ib. e Alume what it is 558. g Alume white or cleare the vses thereâ—…f ibid. g h Alume blacke or dim and the vses thereof ibid. Alume how engendred how made ibid. h Alume Minerall where ibid. two principall kindes of Alume ibid. i Alume cleare the vertues ibid. Alume Schistos for what it is good in Physicke ibid. k. l Alume which is simply the best 559. a. it taketh the name in Greeke of the astringencie it hath ibid. Alume vsed to trie and sine gold 466. i Alutatio what it is ibid. l Alvpon an hearbe 272. l. the description ib. the vertues ib. Alysson what hearb 192. k. why so called ibid. how it differeth from Madder ib. the wonderfull operation of it ib l. A M Amatorious medicines and means making thereto 40. l 41. b. 119. c. 237. c. 278. k. 288. l. 299. e. 313. b. 314. h. to withstand Amatorious drinkes a remedie 316 g Amazon an image why called Eucnemos 503. a Amazones Images of warlike women represented by diuers artificers 501. e Amber in request next to Cristall 605. c. Plinie seeth no reason thereof ibid. d Poets fables as touching the originall of Amber ibid. e Amber why it is called Electrum in Greeke ibid. sundrie opinions as touching Amber the beginning therof 606. g Amber called Succinum Thyeum and Sacrium 607. a the true originall of Amber according to Plinie ibid. d worne much in Lumbardie and those parts in old time as an ornament and medicinable besides ibid f. how to be clensed 608. h the sundry kindes of Amber ibid. which is best ibid. i. it is apt to take a tincture or die ibid. Plinie seeth no cause why Amber should be so much esteemed 608. l. m what Amber is called Chryelectrum 609. b. the properties of this gold Amber ibid. Amber is proper to counterfeit the Amethyst ibid. c the vertues of Amber 608. k Ambrosia properly what hearbe 222. h. called it is Artemisia 273. d Ambrosia a common name to many hearbes ibid. Ambrosia the right described ib. why it is called Botris ib. Ambrosia one of the names of Housleeke 237. c Ambugia or Ambubeia what hearbe 47. d Ambushes and secret sorelayings how to be auoided 111. b Amerimnos one of the names of Housleeke 237. c Amethyst a pretious stone 620. m Amethysts which are best ibid. where they be found ibid. the reason of the name Amethyst 621. a Amethysts Indian of a deepe purple colour ibid. Amethyst inclining to a Iacinct the Indians call Sacodion and the colour Sacon ibid. what Amethyst the Indians call Sapiros 621. b the Amethyst Paranites why so called ibid. the best Amethysts what properties they haue ib. best Amethysts called Paederotes and Auterotes ibid. why they be called Venus gems ib. the reason of the name Amethyst according to the Magicians 621. c. the vanities of the Magicians as touching this stone ibid. Amiant stone 589. a. the description and vertues ibid. Ammi what hearbe and the vses thereof 62. i Gum Ammoniacke 180. k. the vertues that it hath ibid. Ammonitrum what it is 598. g Amomum 247. b Ampelites a kinde of earth medicinable 560. g. how to be chosen ibid. Ampeloluce what plant 149. c. the description ib. d Ampeloprasos what hearbe 199. b. the vertues it hath ibid. Ampelos Chironia what hearbe and why so called 215. a Amphion a painter excellet for disposition of his work 537 f Amphisbaena a serpent or venomous worme 70. k the strange effects and nature thereof 387. e. why so called ibid. the remedie against the venome thereof 70. k Amphyctions who they were 553 f Amphitane a pretious stone 624. m. called also Chrysocolla ibid. the force of it ibid. it draweth gold as the loadstone yron ibid. Amygdales of the throat and their inflammation how to be cured 51. a. 59. e. 64. k 70. g. 71. c. 102. i. 120. k. 123. c 135. d 138. g. 165. e. 169. d. 200. k. 245. b. 272. i. 301. e 328. i. 419. b. 559. a. c. Amylum See Starchfloure Amulius a painter giuen to grauitie and formalitie 545. e his Minerua and other workes ibid. A N Anabasis what hearbe 246. i Anacampseros a magicall hearbe 204. k. the strange operation thereof ibid. Anadyomene Venus the famous picture wrought by Apelles 539. b. how highly it was esteemed by Augustus Caesar 540 g. the hurt it tooke was the credit of it ib. h Anadyomene another painted table begun by Apelles but neuer finished by him or any other ibid. Anagyros 273 e. the description ibid. Ananchitis a pretious stone 631. a. the vertue it hath ibid. Aâ—…apauomenos a painted table of Protogenes his making 543 b. the reason of the name ibid. Ararrhinon an hearbe See calues snout Anaxilaus a writer in Physicke 236 i. 450 k Anchusa what hearbe 278. l. 124 k. 125 b. the description and vse ibid. See Orchanet Andrachne Agria an hearbe See Illecebra Andreas a Physitian and writer 68. g Androbius a fine painter 549. b Androdamus a stone 590 h. why so called ibid. the nature and proofe ibid. Androdamus a pretious stone 624 i. the forme and reason of the name ibid. Androsaces an hearbe 273 a. the description ibid. the vertues ibid. Androsâ—…mon an hearbe ibid. b. the description ibid. why so called ibid. the vertues ibid. Anemone 109. d Anemone Coronaria an hearbe proper for guirlands ibid. c Anemone vsed in Physicke ib. three kindes of Anemone ib. Anguinum what kinde of egge 353 f. the ensigne or badge of the Druidae Magicians of France 354 h. the vertues ibid. i Anio a water seruing Rome 595 d Anonis an hearbe 273 e. the description ibid. Ankles swelling how to be allaied 258 k Anonymos an hearbe 274 g. why so called ibid. incredible things
description ibid. the vse of root and seed ibid. a soueraigne hearbe 127. e. the harme that commeth by Asphodell seed 128. 〈◊〉 Aspilate a pretious stone 624. l. two of that name and their description and vertue ibid. Aspis a venomous serpent killeth by a sleepie poyson and is killed likewise by a soporiferous hearbe 113. a. b Aspis a most deadly serpent with a sting 356 k. it killeth by drousinesse ibid. inwardly taken it is no poyson ibid. how the Aspis may be intoxicated 201. b. the miraculous cure of a manstung with an Aspis 156. h. what remedies against the venomous sting of the Aspis 67. b. 106. i 143. d. 200. g. 228. g. 355. e. 356. g. ibid l. Assault of serpents wild beasts and theeues how to bee auoided 359. b Assius a stone medicinable 587. c. the floure of this stone good in Physicke ibid. f Astaphis what it is 148 k Aster an hearbe 274. m. the description ibid. why called Bubonium ibid. Aster a kinde of Samian earth 559. d. the vse in Physicke ibid. c. how knowne ibid. Asteriae a kinde of white gem called a Girasole 622. i. the description and reason of the name ibid. k Astericum an hearbe 123. d. the description ibid. Asterion a kinde of spider 360. i Astragalus what hearbe 249. b. the vertues ibid. c Astragalizontes 497. f. an excellent peece of work wrought by Polycletus 498. g Astrape a picture of Apelles his workemanship 541 b Astrapias a pretious stone 630. l Astrios a pretious stone of a white colour 622. k. the description and reason of the name ibid. l Astringent medicines 48 g. 141. a. 147. a. 148. h. 158. i 161. c. 162. g. 163. e. 172. l. 175. b. 182. m. 192. h 194. g. 195. d. f. 196. i. 223. c. 237. e. 249. c. ib. f. 250. g 255. a. 263. d. 275. b. 277. a. 278. i. 281. c. 284. h 286. k. 287. b. d. 319. b. 418. k. l. 421. e. 473. d. 474. h 485. b. 506. m. 511. c. 516. h. 519. c. 520. m. 529. d 557. d. 559. i. 556. a. Astringent medicines and binding the belly bee diureticall 249. c Astrobolos a pretious stone 622. l Astroites a pretious stone ibid. Astylis the hearbe Lectuse why so called 24. k Asturia the richest part of Spaine for gold mines 469. c Asyctos a pretious stone the forme and vertue of it 625. a Asyla what hearbe 234 l A T Atalanta her picture at Lanuvium 525. d Athamanticum a kinde of Spikenard or Men. 77. a. why so called ibid. the description ibid. Athara what it is 138. i Athemon of Marona an excellent Painter wherein he excelled and his workes 548. h. i Atizoe a pretious stone 624. l. the forme and vse thereof ibid. Atlantion what it is 312. m Atramentum painters blacke an artificiall colour 530. h Atramentum Sutorium naturall See Vitrioll Atrophia what infirmitie and defect of the body 143. c the remedies thereof ibid. 317. d. e. 318. h Atrophi who they be ibid. Atractylis an hearbe 97. c. why so called ibid. Attalus a writer 297. c Attalica vestis what kinde of cloath 466. g Attelabi a kinde of vnwinged Locusts 361. d Attir in the breast chist how to be discharged 58. g. 67. d See more in Breast Attractiue medicines to the outward parts 139. b. See more in drawing A V Auens an hearbe 247. d. the description and vertues ibid. Auernus a lake wherein nothing will flote 404. i Aufeia what water 408. g Augites a pretious stone thought to be Callais or the Turquois 624. m Augustus Caesar signed at first with the image of Sphinx 601. e. the â—…east that arose thereupon ibid. f. he gaue it ouer and vsed afterward the image of king Alexander the great 602. g Augustus Caesar his owne image serued as a signet vnto his successors to seale withall 601 d Augustus Caesar crowned with an obsidionall or grasse coronet 117. c. f Auli the male shell-fishes 444. h Auncients commended for their industrie 165. e. 208. 〈◊〉 for their loue to posteritie ibid. l. 209. c. for their labour and tranaile 209. a Austrauia an Island the same that Glessaria 607. d Autolicus a boy represented liuely in brasse by Leocras the Imageur 502. i Autopyros a kinde of bread 141. a. how medicinable ibid. A X Axinomantia what kinde of Magicke 589. d Axungia what greace it is 320. i. why so called ibid. the vertue and vse in Physicke and otherwise ibid. A Z Azonaces taught Zoroastres art Magicke 372. i. Azur minerall or naturall 484. h. what it is ibid. l. sundrie sorts ibid. Azur artificiall ibid. how it is coloured ibid. Azur the best how it is knowne 485. a false Azur how it is made ibid. b the vertues medicinable of Azur ibid. B A BAbes how preserued from eye-biting of Witches 300. 〈◊〉 See Infants Bacchar an hearbe 85. e. the root onely is odoriferous ibid. what sauour it hath ibid. where he loueth to grow ibid. how medicinable it is 104. g Bacchus his image most cunningly wrought in marble by Scopas 568. g Backe paine how to be eased and the weakenesse strengthened 49. e. 52. g. 53. a. 54. h. 125. a. 191. d. 199. b. 248. i 313. b. 450. i. Baianus a vale full of medicinable Springs 401. d Baines naturally hot became of a suddaine cold 411. b Baines hot not vsed for Physicke in Homers daies 412. h Baines of Brimstone for what good ibid. Baines of Bitumen in what diseases medicinable ibid. Baines of Sal-nitre for what infirmities wholesome ibid. Baines of Alume in what cases good ibid. hot Bains Stoues and Hot-houses how dangerous 348. m 349. a. how such are to be vsed 303. f in Baines naturall how long the patient is to sit 412. h Baines or bathing in cold water after hot ibid. who deuised it 222. l Baines of cold water deuised by Charmis and approued by Annaeus Seneca 345. b. c forbearing Baines and Bathes is medicinable 303. c heat in a Baine or Stoue how it may be better endured 407. f. 419. c. Balance all contracts and sales passed by it in Rome 462. l. Balanites a pretious stone 625. a. two kindes of it and their forme ibid. Balaustia what they be 165. e Baldnesse or Bald places occasioned by Alopecia how to be replenished with haire 364. i. k. l. m. 365. a. b. 432. h. See more in Haire shedding Baleare Islands yeeld earth medicinable 561. d Balis a wonderfull hearbe 211. b. a young dragon and a man were by it reuiued ibid. Ballote an hearbe 278. g Baltia an Island 606. i Baluces what they be 469. b Banchus a fish medicinable 439. e. the stones in the head likewise medicinable 444. g Baptes a pretious stone 625 a Baraine women how to proue fruitfull 306. g. 312. k. 313. c. 397. a. b. 402. g. l. 403. a. See more in Conception Barrainesse what things doe cause 274. l. 403. a Barble fish medicinable 433. e. hurtfull to the eye-sight 438. i. 442.
Physicke 78. l Castor a beast See Beeuer Castoreum what it is 430. k. how prepared against sundry poisons 431. a. b. the ordinarie dose of Castoreum 431. b Castoreum medicinable otherwise 438. h. 442. g Catagusa an image of Praxiteles his making 500. k Catanance 278. k. an amatorious hearbe ibid. Cataract or suffusion of the eies what remedies proper for it 105. b. 106. h. 198. m. 233. f. 237. b. 306. g. 312. g. 314. k. l 316. g. 324. k. 366. i. k. l. 367. b. c. 419. a. 431. e. 432. k 438. i. 509. a. 557. d. Catagrapha what pictures 533. b Catarrhs falling to the throat and chest with what medicines staied 378. h. 352. g. 380. l Catarrhs violent by what meanes they are restrained 154. g 156 g. 173 c. 183 c. 194 i. 286 l. 287 d. Cato Vticensis endited for selling Cantharides 362. i Cato a writer in Physicke and naturall Philosophie 48. k Cats-haire a sore See Felons Catochites a pretious stone 625. c Catopyrites a pretious stone 625. d Cattaile how to be secured from all harmes 193. f Catus Aelius a Consull of Rome serued with earthen vessels at his owne bourd 481. b. he refused siluer plate presented vnto him ibid. had neuer in siluer more than two drinking cups 481. b Cauaticae what snailes 380. k Caucalis what hearbe 130. i Caucon what hearbe 247. c Caulias a kinde of Laser 9. a Caulodes a kinde of Colewort 48. k Causticke medicines or potentiall cauteries 50 i. 56 k. 61. a 65 a. 74 i. 109. f. 134 h. 162 h. 168 i. 172 h. 191 e 207 b. 223 c. 239. d. 252. i. 267 c. 280 l. 281. c. 286 m 362 h. 377 d. 385 e. 418 l. 443 c. 450 i. 485 b. 521. b 595 c. Cauterie actuall of yron what operation it hath 516. g Cauterizing of a bodie performed by the meanes of a chrystall glasse 605. b Cauteries potentiall See Causticke C E Cedrelate what kinde of Cedar 179. c Cedria what rosin ibid. the strange properties that it hath ib. the discommodities of it ib. the danger in vsing it ib. d Cedrides what 179 e. the vertues ibid. Cedrostes what plant 149. c Celendine the great an hearbe 224 m. why called Chelidonia ibid. two kindes and their description 225. a Celendine the great soueraigne for the eics 234. g Celendine the lesse 225. a. the iuice of Celendine when to be drawne ibid. the vertues thereof ibid. b Celeres at Rome who they were 461. a Celeres horse-runners in Greece 490. l Celsus a writer in Physicke 40. i Celtibericae what they were 462 g Celticae what they were ibid. Cement made very strong of earthen potshards broken 554 i a Cement to seder broken glasses 353. e Cemos a magicall and amatorius hearbe 278. k Cenchris a venomous worme 75. d the remedies against it ibid. Cenchrites a pretious stone 630. k Cenchron a kinde of diamond 610. h Cendeuia a riuer in Phoenice famous for the matter of glasse 597. b. c Centaurie the greater an hearbe 220. l. why so called ibid. named also Chironeum and wherefore ibid. a wonderfull incarnatiue and healer 221. a Chinon the Centaure healed by it 220. l. the description ib. where the best groweth 220 m. Iuice drawne out of it in manner of Lycium 221. a Centaurie the lesse an hearbe ibid. a. the sundry names it hath ib. why called Lepton ibid. why Libadion ibid. the description ibid b why called the gall of the earth ibid. b when to be gathered ibid. why the Gauls call it Exacos ibid. the vertue ibid. 266. l Centauris an hearbe of the kinde of Centaurie 221. b why called Triorchis ibid. c Centauris another hearbe 258. k Centipeda what worme 381. a Centipellio what it is 321. c Centuncapitae the white Eryngium or Sea-huluer 119. b wonders reported by it ibid. b. c Centunculus an herbe 199. d. the description vertues ib. Cepaea an hearbe See Brookelime Cephisis a lake 606 l. called otherwise Electris ibid. Cephissodorus a cunning imageur and his workes 501. d 567 b. sonne of Praxiteles ibid. Cepionides pretious stones 626. h Cepites a pretious stone 625. d Cepocapites a pretious stone ibid. Cerachates a pretious stone 623. e Ceramicum a famous streete in Athens 552. k. whereupon it tooke that name ibid. Ceramites a pretious stone 625. d Cerastes a venomous serpent 62. k. the remedies against it 62 k. 158 g. 183 b. 418 l. 431 b. 434 g. Ceratia what hearbe 250. h Ceratitis a kinde of wilde Poppie 68. m. why so called 69. a Ceraunia a white pretious stone 622. m. the description of it ibid. the diuerse kindes 623 a. their properties ibid. which of them be called Betuli ibid. Ceraunia another pretious stone which Magicians onely can find 623. b Ceraunium a kinde of Mushrome or Toadstole 7. f Ceraunobolos a picture of Apelles his making 541. b Ceremonies and circumstances obserued in gathering and vsing sundry medicines 106 h. 112 g. 122 k. 125. a 126 l. 142 m. 164 h. 165 c. 168 h. 169 a b. 170 i. k 178 i. 188 i. 198 l. 205 b c d e. 206 m. 217 d e f 228 h i. 234 l. 238 k. 245 d. 252 g. 256 i k. 260 i 283 c. 286 g. 330 k. 368 m. 381 d. 390 k. l. m. 391. a 392 i. 515 e. f. Cerinthe an hearbe and floure 93 c. the description ibid. Cerites a pretious stone 625. d Ceron a spring 403 c. the water of it maketh sheepe blacke ibid. Cerrus a kinde of great oke 178. k Cerusse a very poyson being taken inwardly 526. l the remedies against it 136 i. 160 k. 168 l. 318 h Cerusse how it is made 520 k Cerusse burnt a painters colour 528. k the occasion how it was first burnt 529. e Cerusse-purple what price it beareth 529. e. how it is made at Rome ibid. Cerusse how it is vsed for a blaunch or white complexion 520. l. Cestron See Betonie C H Chaereas an imageur 502 e. his workes ibid. Chaereas a writer of simples 79. a Chains of gold bestowed by Romans vpō auxiliaries 461. b of siluer vpon naturall citizens ibid. c Calamine See Cadmia Chalastraeum or Chalastricum the best kind of nitre 420. i the vse thereof 421. e Chalazias a pretious stone 630. k Chaelazius what stone 592. g Chalcanthum See Vitrioll Chalcetum what hearbe 248. g Chalcidicae venomous worms 431. b. called also Sepes ibid. the remedies against their venome 431. b. 434 g Chalcites a pretious stone 631. a Chalcitis what it is 486 m. how it differeth from Cadmia 509 d. where it is engendred ibid. 509. e. the description ibid. the medicinable properties 509. e. f Chalcitis a kinde of alume 558 k. why so called ibid. Chalco-smaragdos what kinde of Emeraud 613. a Chalcophonos a pretious stone 625. e Chalcosthenes a famous potter or imageur in cley at Athēs 552 k. Chalcus what it is in weight 113. c Chalke of Rhodes causeth wine to be sooner refined 176. i Chalke of many
vpon Hares flesh causeth fâ—…lke to looke faire 341. e. Hares gall good for the eyesight 325. d a Hare burnt to ashes medicinable 324. i Hares rennet medicinable 322. k the sea-Hare venomous 7â—… f. her wonder full nature 427. a the seeding vpon this fish dangerous to all liuing creatures but the Sea barble 427. a b those of India be killed with the touch of a man 427. b the symptomes incident to those that be hurt with the sea Hare ibid. against the venome of the sea Hare remedies 71. f. 165. a 179. d. f. 231. b. c. 318. h. 307. f. 323. a. b. 363. f. 434. i 436. h. i. against the venome of the Hardishrew remedies 140. i 155. f. Harmodius honoured with a statue of brasse for killing the tyrant Pisistratus 490. g Harmoge in painting what it is 526. i Harpacticon an emplaister made with brimstone 556. m why so called ibid. Harpax why amber is so called 606. k Harpocrates his image worne in gold rings 462. h Harstrang 229. f. the description 230. g. the iuice how it is drawne ib. the vertue ib. h. a notable healer 265. c Harts horne burnt to ashes is medicinable 324 g H E Head how to be defended against the extreame heat of the Sun 424. k Heauinesse of the head how to be eased 180. m. 289. e 304. k. Head seald how to be cured 433. b. 437. d. 438. h. 474. i Head annoied with blisters and pushes what remedie 443. c. heat of the Head in children called Siriasis how to be amended 38. h. 69. e. 104. g Head how to be purged of steame 74. g. h. 511. b. how to be preserued 74 i. 102. l 105 c. 109. e. 148. l. 189 d. e Headach the greatest paine that 〈◊〉 except that of strangurie and stomacke 20â—… c against Headach proper remedies 43. a. 44. i. 47. b. d. 48. l 55. b. 56. i. 57. b. 60 g. 〈◊〉 61. 〈◊〉 â—…5 b. 66. g. i. 68. h. 69. c 75. e. 76. g. 102. k. 104 g. 105. d. 106. m. 109. c. 126. 〈◊〉 127. b. 139. i. b. 146. h. 147. b. 155. e. 158. k. 160. 〈◊〉 l 161. b. c. d. 173. a. c. 174. i. 175. 〈◊〉 178. m. 181. a. c 184. h. 187. d. 189. b. l. 19â—… l. 194. i. 198. k. 205. b 206. h. 207. a. 232. 〈◊〉 l. 233. c. d. 237. e. 272 h. 280. h 283. c. 288. g. 287. d. 302. l. 308. h. 310. l. 311. f. 315. f 324. i. k. 350. i. 359. c. 365. c. d. e. f. 413. b. c. 423. d. 433. a 438. h. 439. a 510. i. 529. f. 573. b. Headach incident ordinarily to women how to be helped 300. g. Healing medicines 50. m. 106. i. 135. d. 303. a. 351. f more Healing medicines that doe conglutinat and skin vp 283. c. 423. d. 471. e. 474. h. 506. k. m. 509. a. 595. c. See more in Wound-hearbes Health how it may be euer preserued 72. g Heart heauie what causeth 180. m. See Hert. Heat in feuers stomacke or otherwise how to be cooled or delayed 135. d. 136. g. 148. g. 198. k See Refrigeratiue Heating medicines 180. i. 186. h. 198. i. 290. h. 319. c 320. m. 421. e. 521. a. 556. l. 588. m. Heath what plant 187. f. the vertues that it hath ibid. Heauing at the stomacke or heart how to be helped 62 h 72. h 77. c. 102. k. Hecale how shee feasted prince Theseus 131. b. â—…54 k Hecate a rare peece of worke in marble at Ephesus 568 〈◊〉 Hedypnois what hearb 48. g. the properties thereof ibid. Hegias a famous imageur 502. h his workes ibid. Heleysma the drosse of siluer 474. h. the medicinable vertues thereof ibid. Helena his picture at Lanuvium 52â—… d Helenium an hearbe 108. h. the description and vertues b. See more in Elecampane Helianthe a magicall hearbe 204. h Heliccalis the same hearbe why so called ibid. Helicon hill full of good hearbes 217. i Heliochrysos the floure described 92. i. 110. h. the properties which it hath 110. h. i Heliopolus the citie of the Sun in Aegypt 574. k Helioscopium an hearb 126. g Heliotropium an hearbe ibid. Heliotropium a pretious stone 627. b. the reason of the name ib. c. the vanitie of magicians as touching this stone ib. Helxine what hearbe 123. b. the description 273. a. why called Perdicium why named Helxime 123. b Hemeresios a picture of Pausius his making 546. l. why so called ibid. Hemerocalles the hearbe and floure described 108. g. the vertues thereof ibid. Hemina what measure at Rome 113. e Hemionis the name of a galley painted by Protogenes 542. h. Hemionium what hearbe 216. l. m. 248. h. the vertue there f ibid. Hemlocke a perillous hearbe what remedies for it 121. c 153. b. 180. m. 232. g. 236. g. 28â—… g. 323. d. 277. c 323. a. it rectifieth the 〈◊〉 that is in the iuice of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hearbe 〈◊〉 236. g. it is a poyson it selfe 235. f 〈◊〉 suffered dâ—…h at Aâ—…ns by 〈◊〉 ib. 〈◊〉 vertues 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that it â—…th ibid. how it killeth thâ—… 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 thereof 236. h Hâ—…mpe good 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 thâ—… disâ—… of it 78 h the sâ—…d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 gatâ—…red 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 be plucked and pullâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 diuerse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hempe-stems as big as trees 32 g Hens egs See Egs. Hens flesh put into melting gold what it worketh 359. d Hens dung what part of it is medicinable 363. e Henbane a dangerous hearbe 215. c. and the remedies against the poisonous qualitie thereof 39. d. 43. e. 69. e 121. c. 136. i. 308. g 323. a. Henbane found by Hercules 215. a. the sundry names that it hath ib. what vertues Henbane hath 228. g many kindes of Henbane and their descriptions with their properties good and bad 215. b. c Henui a pretious stone so called among the Indians 628. g the description thereof ibid. Hepatites a pretious stone 630. h Hepatizon a kinde of brasse mettallmasceline 488. g. why so called ibid. Hephestites a pretious stone 627. c. the description and triall ibid. where it is found ibid. Heptaphonon a gallerie at Olympia why so called 581. c Heptapleuron one of the names of Plantaine and why so called 223. e Heracleon Siderion why so called 215 a. the description ibid. the vertue that it hath ibid. Heraclides a Physician 66. m. and a writer 41. b Heraclides a notable painter 548. i Heraclion a kinde of Poppy 69. a Heraclion an hearbe See Nenuphar Heraclius Lapis See Touchstone Herbes which come up soonest after they be sowne 22. l which be late ere they shew aboue ground ibid. Herbes of the garden come vp by diuerse meanes 23. c they doe degenerat 32. h Herbs are subiect to diseases ibid. Herbs louing the companie of other herbs 30. l. 31. b Herbs why they be no more of them knowne 211. d Herbs annoied with vermine 32. i Herbs restoring to life againe 21. b Herbs differing in tast and otherwise 33. f
173. e. 180. g. k 184. l. 186. i. 193. a. 196. m. 198 i. 200. l. 248. h. 255. b 271. d. 287. f. P O smal Pockâ—… and such like eruptions how to be cured 418. m 421. c. 422. h. 437. d. 443. b. ale-Pocks about the nose how to be healed 128. h Poecile the gallerie at Athens why so called 523. f Poenalties at Rome leuied at the first of boeufes and muttons and not of come 455. a Poenicum what stone 592. g Poets ignorant in Cosmographie 606 g Polea what it is 330. i Polemonia an herb thought to be Sauge de Bois 230. i Polemonia an hearb how it tooke that name 220. k. why it is named Chiliodynama â—…bid the description ibid. Polenta what it is 139. a. the medicinable vertues thereof ibid. Polia a pretious stone 630. m Polion an hearb highly commended by Musaeus and Hesiodus 211. a Polium an hearb 88. i. two kinds thereof and the vertues ibid. commended much by some and condemned againe by others 106 g. h Pollio Asinius erected a Bibliotheque or Librarie at Rome 523 f. he furnished it with statues and images of rare workemanship 569. a Pollio Romilius his Apothegme as touching honied wine and oile 136. m Pollution or shedding of seed in sleepe vpon weakenesse by what remedies it is cured 46. l. 48. g. h. 58. k. 59. c. 70. i 256. l. 518. l. Polyanthemon an hearb 286. m. called Batrachion ibid. Polybius a Greeke writer 424. l Polycles an imageur and his works 502. l Polycletus a famous imageur in brasse 488. i he vsed Diliacke mettall ibid. his exquisit works 497. e he brought the Art of founderie into a method 497. f diuers pieces of his making ibid. Polyclitus a writer 403. f Polycnemon an hearb described 265. f. the vertues 266. g Polycrates the tyrant his ring and stone in it 449. b. it was a Sardonax 601. a. he wilfully threw into the deepe sea 600. l. he found it againe in a fishes belly 601. a Polygala an hearb why so called 288. i Polygnotus a famous painter 484. k. his deuises and inuentions 533. e. his rare workemanship ibid. his liberall mind ibid f. how he was honoured by the states of Greece 534. g Polygnaton what hearbe 123. a. 287. a Polygonum an hearb 287. a. why so called ibid. Polygynaecon what picture of Atheman his drawing 548 h Polypus an vlcer in the nose 251. b. See Nose vlcers Polypodium what herb 251. a. the description ibid. why called also Filicula ib. the vertues ib. the offences that it worketh 251. b Polyrrhizon what hearb 216. e. 289. a Polyrrhizos what hearb 226. i. the vertues ibid. k Polytricha and Callitricha two capillare hearbs their description and how they differ 232. i Polytrix a pretious stone 630. l Polyzonos a pretious stone ibid. a Pomado for chaps in lips or face 327. f Pomadoes of other sorts 320 k. l Pomegranats their properttes in Physicke 164. k. whether to be eaten in a feuer or no ibid. Pomegranate rind what it serueth for 164 l. why called Malicorium ibid. Pomona compared with Ceres Flora and Tellus by the way of Prosopopoea 145. c. f Pompeius Lenaeus a Grammarian and Linguist 209. f he translated into Latine the medicinable receits found in K. Mithridates his closet 209. f. Pompeius Magnus his glorious third triumph 602. k what gold siluer iewels pretious stones he then shewed 602 k. l Plinie enueigheth bitterly against Pompey for this triumph 602. m his bounteous liberalitie in the said triumph 603. a his triumph set the Romans a longing after pearles and pretious stones 602. h he brought Cassidoine cups first into Rome 603. c Pompholix what it is and how it differeth from Spodos 511. d. e. the vertue thereof 511. e Pompions See Melons Pond-weed See Water Speeke Ponticae the pretious stones of Pontus 629. b. the sundry sorts ibid. Pontifie or high Priest letting fall a morsell of meat at the bourd was ominous 298. h Poplar white a tree what vertues it hath in Physick 185. a Poppaea the Empresse bathed ordinarily in asses milke for to make her skin faire soft and smooth 327. c Poppaea shod her horses with gold 480. m shee kept fiue hundred shee asses for to bath with their milke 327. d Poppies of three kinds 30. l the seed of the white Poppie confected ib. It seasoned bread 30. m white Poppie heads medicinable 67. c blacke Poppie 31. a. wandring Poppie ibid. the description of wandring Poppies 68. l Poppies wild their seuerall kinds and vertues 67. e. f. 68. g K. Tarquinius the Proud topt off Poppie heads 31. a what he meant thereby 31. b Poreblind or short sighted how to be helped 367. c the Porcellane shelfish stated Periander his ship at sea 426 i consecrated at Gnidos 426. i Porcius Cato a great student and looking pale therewith 61. d. his schollers affected to looke pale like him by eating Cumin ibid. Pourcuttle fish Polypus how he auoideth the hooke like to catch him 427. f Pourcuttles not to be sodden with salt and why 447. a Porphyrite marble 573. c Porpuis fish described 436. g. his sinnes venomous ibid. The remedy ibid. his fat medicinable 440. l Porret a kitchen hearb how to be sowne and ardered 21. a. b the medicinable vertues therof 42. l. See more in Leeks Porus what stone 587. b Pourfiling what it is 535. d. the hardest point in painting ibid. Pose or a cold what medicins do break and resolue 65. b 289. e. 304. k. 377. f. See Rheume Posidianus a fountaine why so called and the nature of it 401. e. Posidonius a renowmed grauer 483. e Potamogeiton what herb 250 g. the description according to Castor and how he usedit ib. the aduersatiue nature of it to Crocodils 250. h Peteron what hearb 231. a. 288. i. the description ib. k Pothos what floure 92. k Potterie or working in clay more antient than founderie of brasse and other imagerie 494. h. 552. 1 places ennobled for Potters worke 553. d. e Potterie or workemanship in cley how it began 551. e Potterie ware of great vse and estimation 553. d. e Potterie mother of founderie or casting mettall 552. l much practised in Tuscan 552. m a confraternitie of Potters instituted at Rome by K. Numa 553. c. manifold vses of Potterie and works in cley ibid. Posis a famous Potter and his fine works 552. k excellent workemen in Potterie as well for cley as playster and alabastre 551. e. f. 552. g. h. i. c. See Plasticae and Plastae Poysons septicke or corrosiue their remedies 323. c. See Corrosiue and Causticke preseruatiues against poysoned drinkes giuen by witches and sorcerers 67. d. 231. d. e. f. deinceps Poysons cold how to be corrected 159. b. 187. c Poyson worne in the collets of rings 456. k. 458. l Poysons whether they may be put downe in writing or no 213. c. d. Poysons may be made counterpoysons 215. d for Poysons in generall remedies 38. k. 75.
330 h 334. i. 382. g h i. 385. a. 418. k. 419 c e. 431. a. 442. k 444. i. Scincus described 316. i Scincus medicinable ib. 433. c how he differeth from the land Crocodile 316. i one of the ingredients of antidots 316. k Scipio surnamed Serapio and why 81. f honoured with a coronet of floures by the people of Rome ib. he died poore ibid. interred by a generall contribution of the people 82. g Scipio Africanus the second how much plate and coine hee had when he died 480. m what treasure he shewed in triumph and brought into the citie chamber 481. a what Scipio Africanus gaue to his souldiers vpon the winning of Numantia 481. a Scipio Alobrogicus how much plate he had ib. L. Scipio allowed his charges by the citie of Rome for his solemne plaies 480. i Scipio Aemilianus receiued an obsidionall or grasse coronet 117. 〈◊〉 Scolecia what it is and how made 509. b why so called 509. c the vertues thereof ibid. Scolecion what it is 177. c Scolopendres their venomous pricke how to be cured 59 a 60 g. 61 b. 62 g 75 c. 127 b. 155 f. 306 k. 418 l. Scolopendres of the seaburst with fasting spittle 300. k Scolymus the herbe described 98 i. 130 m the vertues which it hath ibid. Scombri fishes how emploied 418. g Scopa Algia what floure 85. e Scopa Regia an herbe and a kind of Achillea good for the gargle and squinancie in swine 216. l Scopas a singular Imageur 566. m. his workes 567 c d e f there were two of that name both cunning workemen 504 k. wherein they excelled ibid. Scordium or Scordotis an herbe found by K. Mithridates 220 i the description by him set downe ib. the vertues medicinable ib. good for the bladder and the stone 254. g Scordotis 245. f Scoria in trying of gold ore and other mettals what it is 467. b. Scorpites a pretious stone 630. i Scorpion an herbe 230. l. why so called ibid. See Tragos Scorpions hurt with Aconitum how they be cured 270 i pricked once by a Scorpion shall neuer after bee stung by Hornet Waspe or Bee 299. c Scorpions neuer sting the ball of the hand 361. c against Scorpions and their sting remedies 36 k. 39 c. 40. m 42 h. 43 a d. 45 e. 46 l. 54 i. 55 e. 56 i m. 59 a b. 60. g 61 b. 62 g k. 63 d. 64 b. 65 b d. 69 d. 71 c. 73 b c 74 g. 75 e. 76 m. 77 c. 101 d. 103. f. 105 c. 106 k 107 b. 109 a. 110 k l. 113 c. 121 c. 126 h. k. 131 d 134 i. 138 l. 146 l. 153 b. 155 f. 166 l. 167 e. 168. m 170 k. 173 c d e. 174 i. 178 k. 179 b. 181 f. 184. k. l 194 i. 195 d. 196 g. 199 b. 206 g. 230 l m. 237. f 246 k. 270 h. 276. g. 277 c. 288 l. 289 b. 301 a e 322 k. l. 361 b. c d. 413 b. 418 g k. 424 g. 451 b. f 433 e. 434 g i. 435 b d e f. 556 m. 561 d. 624 g. sea Scorpion medicinable 438 g. 444. g Scorpionrion what herbe 126. i Scorpius an herbe 122 l. why so called ibid two kinds thereof ibid. m Scratching of the body is healthfull 303. d Scyllus an Imageur and grauer in Marble 568. h Scyricum 476 l. an artificiall painters colour how made and vsed 530 h. 528. k Scyros the Island yeeldeth a stone of a strange nature 587. d Scythica what herbe and why so called 223. e the vertues ib. from whence it commeth 269. d S E Sea waters made hot in what cases medicinable 412. k Sea waeter actually cold medicinable ib. outwardly applied for what good ibid. l Sea water ought to be had from the deepe farre from land 413 a. how to be giuen inwardly ib. how to be tempered for procuring vomit ibid. Sea water clysterized ibid. Sea water artificiall how to be made 413. d Sea a most wonderfull element 425. c. d Sea weed calledin Latine Fucus Marinus 258. h the description ib. three kinds thereof ibid. Seale ae fish his vertues medicinable 437. g Seale of the Romane Embassadour was the image of Augustus Caesar 601. d Secundarium what kind of Minium 476 k. 477. d Sedum an herbe See Housleeke Seeds of herbes how they differ 23 a b c garden Seed some more strange than other 33. a Seeds of herbes lesse effectuall after incision made in the roots 292. g Seed naturall in men what doth encrease 77. f shedding vnwillingly how cured 48. g. 72. i. 130. k Segullum what earth it is 466. l Selago an herbe like Sauin 193 d. with what ceremonious circunstances to be gathered ibid. Selecti at Rome who they were 490. g Selenites an admirable pretious stone 629. d Selinas and Selinoides what kind of Coleworts 48. k Selinus earth for what it is good 559. f Senatours of Rome how knowne from Knighs or Gentlemen 459. c Senerio what herbe 238 k. See Groundswell Sengreene See Housleeke Sences how preserued 74. h. i. how stupified against cutting or sawing off a member 314. l. m Senuie the herbe how it groweth 31 b. the temperature and kinds thereof 31. b. c. how to be dressed 31. c threee kinds thereof 73. f. the qualities that it hath 73. f. 74. g. Senuie juice how it is drawne 74. k Seps a venomous worme or a kind of Lizard 157. b. 263. d it cureth the owne bitt 363. d. it is otherwise called Dipsas 173. a. remedies against the venome thereof 157. b 434. g. Septimuleius for couetousnes of gold killed his deare friend C. Gracchus 463. e Scrapias a kind of Orchis or Stundlewort 256 m. the description 257. a Serapion a painter that loued to paint great pictures of Theatres c. but man or woman he could not draw 544 i. Seriphium Wormewood the vertues that it hath 443. d Serpents how they are known to be retired and gone 132. k Serpents when they haue stung a man neuer retire againe into the earth but die as it were for remorse of conscience 358. k Serpent hardly plucked out of their holes but by the left hand 299. c Serpents gather together by the perfume of the bone about their owne throat 321. d Serpents chased away by the fume of an Harts horn burnt 321. d. what other means there be to chase away Serpents and refist their poyson 38 k. 39 b. 40 h l. 42 g h m. 43 a d e 45 e. 47 a b. 50 g. 51 a e. 52 l. 53 c. 54 l. 56 i l. 57 a 56 a. 60 g l. 61 c. 62. g. 63 b c d e. 64 k. 65 b. 74. g m 77 c. 78 h i. 101 d. 103 a. 104 g. k. 105 c. 106 g 107 b. 108 i l. 110 i k. l. 118 m. 124 i. 125 a d. 126. h 129 d. f. 131 d. f. 134 i. 135 d. 138 k. 139 b e 142 k. l. 143 b. 148 i. 149 a. 153 b. 162 g. 165 b 168
weapon what healing medecines they require 338. k Wounds occasioned by the whip or scourge together with the wales of their lashes remaining after blacke blew how to be healed 394. k Wound-hearbes and great healers 201 e. 202 g. 204. m 205 a 215 a. 264 l. 272 i. 273 d. 274 g. 275. f. W R Wrath and rigour of pimples how to be appeased 357. b 359. b. Wrestlers and champions what imageurs delighted to represent in brasse 503. e. f. 504. g Wrings in the bellie and guts how to be appeased 40. h 49 b. 57 d. 67 c. 75 c. 119 c. 128 m. 155 d. 160 k 165 b. 171 c. 173 f. 186 k. 188 i. 190 h. 193. c 195 d. 198 k. 202 g. 206 l. 219 e. 247 d. 249 b 250. g. k. l. 253 c. 274 l. 275 e. 277 a. 283 a. 287. f 289 d. 313 e. 318 l. 330 h. 331 c. 353 c. 383 b c 413 c. 419 c. 430 g 422 i. 431 a. 443 c e. See Bellie-ach W Y Wyne whether more wholesome or hurtfull to mans body 151. a. Wyne of Dates wherefore good 155. c of VVine Asclepiades compiled one entire treatise 151. b Wynes medicined with marble plastre and quickelime hurtfull 153. e Wyne tunned vp or delayed with sea-water 153. e touching Wines which be best great varietie and discension of anthours 151. b c what VVyne is most wholesome 153. e Wynes dressed with rosin how they be wholesome and how hurtfull ibid. Wyne Falerne the properties thereof 151. d the discommodities that it bringeth 151. e Wyne Albane the operations of it and the discommodities ibid. Wynes Helvenaca 154. h Wyne Surrentine wholesome 151. e Wyne Coecubum out of vse ibid. Wyne Sâ—…tine the vertues thereof ibid. Wyne wherein rosin hath beene newly put is vnwholsome 153. f. Wynes Statane their properties 151. f as touching the vertues of VVyne in generall a discourse 152. g. the conuenient time to drinke VVyne 155. a Asclepiades his proud praise of VVyne 151. h Wynes artificiall needlesse and superfluous 155. b which Wyne beareth most water 152. i what VVynes least inebriat ibid. which be easiest of concoction ibid. what VVynes be not nutritiue ibid. which most vnwholesome 152. k Wynes not to be mixed 152. l VVyne drunke vpon an emptie stomacke hurtfull both to body and mind 152. m. 153. a Wyne Merum what it is and the operation thereof 153. b when VVyne is to be delayed with water ibid. Wyne in what measure and proportion to water wee ought to drinke 155. b Wyne somewhat delaied with water wherefore good 153. b what persons may drinke VVyne 155. 〈◊〉 the drinking of wyne hindreth the growth of certain beasts as apes c. 153. d Wyne of Campaine for gentlemens tables 153. d mixing bruing and medecining wynes vnwholesome 153. e Wynes prepared with pitch alone 154. g Wyne Picatum what it is 154. h whether Wyne may be giuen to a patient in an ague or no 154. h. whether women in childbed may drinke Wyne 154. i who are forbidden and in what cases to drinke Wyne 154. i X A XAnthus an ancient Chronicler 211. b Xanthus a pretious stone See Henui X E Xenocrates an imageur and writer of imagerie 503. b X I Xiphion what herbe 233. b. the description ibid. X Y Xyris a wild floure-deÌ„-lis the vertues that it hath 105. e to be vsed with great ceremony ibid. Xystion a gem common among the Indians 622. Y A YArrow an herbe 201 e. the description thereof and the vertues ibid. why it is called Myriophyllon Millefolium and Millefoile ibid. mans Yard exulcerat how to be healed 272. i Y C Yce water what is to be thought of it 406 g h Y E Yeels wearing earings taking meat at mans hand 428. l Yellow colour very ancient 89. m Yest See Barme Yeugh tree the vertues that it hath 195. f Yex or Yox by what meanes it is staied 50. g. 59. e. 66. h 67. c. 76. a. 102 g. 130. g. 155. e. 218. l. 248. h. 274. l 289 d. 304 k. 342 h. 431 c. 444. h. Y N Ynke-blurs how to be taken out 306. b Y O Youth and youthfull countenance how it may be preserued 65. c. 101. b. 167. b. Y R Yron praised and dispraised 513. c. d. e Yron scales the medicinable vses thereof 516. i of Yron and steele the vse in Physicke 515. 〈◊〉 Yron how preserued from rust ibid. d Yron forbidden but in tillage of the ground 513. e quicke Yron what it is 515. b of Yron and steele drinking cups 514. g Yron reuenged of it selfe by the rust 514. g Yron mines in all countries to be found 514. b Yron ore how to be burnt tried and fined ibid. Yron tried by the means of one onely riuer in Cappadocia 514. h. of Yron sundry sorts 514. h. i. k Yron better or worse by reason of the water 514. k for good Yron and steele countries renowmed ibid. of Yron sundry degrees in goodnesse 413. k. l edged tooles of Yron how to be hardened 513. m Yron blade hauing once shed mans bloud giuen euer after to rust and canker 515. a Yron what vertue it receiueth from the loadstones ibid. Yvorie See Elephants tooth Yuray See Darnell Z A ZAchalias a Babylonian and writer in magicke 627. e Zanthenes a pretious stone 630. g Zaratus a magitian 37â—… i Zarmocenidas a magitian ibid. Z E Zea or Spelt a graine what vertue it hath in Physicke 138. l. Zedoarium See Setwall and Phu Zeno the Philosopher his image Cato would not sell with other pillage 504. m Zenodorus an excellent imageur and engrauer 496. g he made the Colosse of Mercâ—…rie at Auvergne in France ibid. how long hee was about it and what paiment hee had for it 496. h Zenon a writer in Physicke 131. e Zenathemis a writer in Naturall Philosophie 606. h Zeros a pretious stone 623. c Zenxis a most renowmed painter 534 h. whon he flourished ibid. his praise ib. i. his wealth ibid. his bountifull mind and high opinion of his owne pictures ibid. his Mot vnder Penelope by him drawne in a picture ib. his other works 534. l what was his faults 534 l. 535. a. b. c Z M Zmilaces a pretious stone 630. g Zmilus one of the architects that made the Labyrinth in Lemnos 579. c Z O Zoophthalmos what herbe 237. c Zopirus a notable grauer 483. f two cups of his making of great price ibid. Zopissa what it is 184. g. which is best ib. the vertues ibid. Zoroastres first practised art Magicke 372. h Zoronisios the Magicians gem 630. g Z V Zura what it is 145. b Z Y Zythus a kind of ale or drinke made of corne 145. b An Aduertisement WHereas in the former edition this page was stuffed full of Errata which were occasioned by reason of the various matter and words vsed in this Historie not common obvious in other Authors such care in this second Edition hath beene taken as that they haue all beene amended whereby
of Alexandria in Aegypt Dinocrates who began to make the arched roofe of the temple of Arsinoe all of Magnet or this load-stone to the end that within that temple the statue of the said princesse made of yron might seeme to hang in the aire by nothing But pre uented he was by death before he could finish his worke like as K. Ptolomaee also who ordayned that temple to be built in the honour of the said Arsinoe his sister But to returne again to our yron of all mines that be the vein of this mettall is largest and spreadeth it self into most lengths euery way as we may see in that part of Biscay that coasteth along the sea and vpon which the Ocean beateth where there is a craggy mountaine very steepe and high which standeth all vpon a mine or veine of yron A wonderfull thing and in maner incredible howbeit most true according as I haue shewed already in my Cosmography as touching the circuit of the Ocean CHAP. XV. ¶ The temper of yron The medicinable vertues thereof as also of the rust of Brasse and yron Of the skales that shed and flie from yron and of the liquid emplaster called by the Greekes Hygrimplastrum IRon made once hot in the fire vnlesse it be hardened with the Hammer doth soone waste and corrupt So long as it looketh but red it is not ready for the hammer neither would it be beaten before it begin to look white in the fire Besmeare it with vineger and Allum it wil looke like copper or brasse If you be desirous to keep any yron-worke from rust giue it a vernish with cerusse plaster and tar incorporat all together And this is that composition which is called by the Greeks Antipathia And some say also that there is a kind of hallowing yron that will preserue it from rust as also that there is at this day to be seen the chaine of yron within the city called Zeugma seated vpon Euphrates wherwith king Alexander the Great somtime bound and strengthened the bridge ouer the riuer there the linkes whereof as many as haue been repaired and made new since doe gather rust whereas the rest of the first making be all free therfrom As touching the vse of yron and steele in Physicke it serueth otherwise than for to launce cut and dismember withall for take a knife or dagger and make an imaginarie circle two or three times with the point thereof vpon a yong child or an elder body and then goe round withall about the party as often it is a singular preseruatiue against all poisons sorceries or inchantments Also to take any yron naile out of the coffin or sepulchre wherein man or woman lieth buried and to sticke the same fast to the lintle or side-post of a dore leading either into the house or bed-chamber where any doth lie who is haunted with spirits in the night hee or shee shall be deliuered and secured from such phantasticall illusions Moreouer it is said That if one be lightly pricked with the point of sword or dagger which hath beene the death of a man iâ—… is an excellent remedy against the paines of sides or brest which come with sudden pricks and stitches An actuall cauterie of yron red hot cureth many diseases and especially the biting of a mad dog in which case it is so effectuall that if the poison inflicted by that wound haue preuailed so far that the patient be fallen into an Hydrophobie thereby and cannot abide drinke or water let the sore be seared therewith the party shall find help presently Gads of steele or other yron red hot quenched in water so long vntil the same water be hot causeth it to be a wholsome drinke in many diseases but principally in the bloudy flix The very rust of yron also is counted medicinable for so Achilles is said to haue healed Telephus but whether the head of his speare were yron or brasse of which he vsed the rust I doe not certainly know Certes he is paynted thus with his sword scraping and shaking off the rust into the wound But if you would fetch off the rust from any old nails scrape it with a knife wet before in water As touching the vertues thereof it is cleansing exiccatiue and astringent it recouereth the haire in places despoiled thereof if they be annointed therewith in the forme of a liniment being reduced into a salue with wax and oile of Myrtles incorporate together many vse it for roughnesse about the eie-lids the pimples also breaking forth all ouer the body For shingles and S. Antonies fire it is singular good to apply it in an vnguent with vineger likewise it killeth scabs and healeth whitflawes of the fingers and the excrescence or turning vp of the flesh about the roots of the nails if linnen rags wet there in be applied conueniently The same conueyed vp in wooll after the manner of a pessary into the naturall parts of women staieth the immoderat flux both of whites and reds The rust of yron tempered in wine and wrought together with Myrrhe is good for a greene wound put thereto vineger and then it helpeth the piles and swelling bigges of the fundament A liniment made with it mitigateth the paine of the gout As touching the skales of yron that flie from the edge or point of any weapon wrought in the smiths forge they serue in the same cases that the rust doth and haue the like effects saue only this that they haue greater acrimonie and work more eagerly in which regard they are emploied about the repressing of the flux that falleth into watering eies But marke this one thing Yron being that which woundeth most and sheddeth bloud yet the skales that come from it stanch the same a property they haue besides to stop the flux in women and being applied to the region of the spleene they do open the obstructions thereof and ease other infirmities incident thereto the running haemorrhoids they represse and such vlcers as are giuen to spread farther and corrode as they go Reduced into a fine powder and gently strewed vpon the eye-lids they are good for the accidents thereto belonging But the principal vse of them and for which they are most commended is in a certain liquid plaster called Hygremplastrum which serueth to mundifie wounds vlcers and fistulaes to eat away all callosities and to incarnate and engender new flesh about bones that are perished And this is the receit of that composition Take of the scouring Tuckers earth the weight of two oboli of brasse six drams of the skales of yron as much and no lesse of wax incorporat all these according to art in one sextar of oile But in case there be need to mundifie any sores or to incarnat there would be put therto some plain cerot besides CHAP. XVI ¶ Of the Mines of Lead ore of white lead and blacke NOw insueth the discourse of lead and the nature of it of which there be two principall