ridiculous manner Alluding whereunto thus the Poet Claudian Non te progenitum Cybeleius aere canâ—ro Lusiravit Corybas That is to say No Cybeleian Corybas that day That thou wast born did on his Cymbal play Here also lived Minos and Radamanthus whose lawes were after imitated in the prime Cities of Greece and who for their equitie on earth are fained by the Poets to be together with Aeaeus the Judges in Hell In this Iâ—land also lived the lewdly-lustfull Pasiphae wife of Minos who is fabled by the Poets if it be a fable to have doated on a white Bull who they say begat on her the Minotaure Daedalus having framed for her an artificiall cow into which she conveyed her self and by that means obtained her desire The table is thus expounded that Pasiphae was in love with Taurus one of Minos Secretaries whose company by the pandarisme of Daedalus she enjoying was delivered of two sons one called Minos the other Taurus And whereas it is said that the Minotaure was slain by Theseus like enough that the annuall tribute of 7 children which the Athenians paid to Minos was laid up in some prison Minos and Taurus being the keepers or jaylors As for the action of Pasiphae I think it not altogether impossible to be true considering how Domitian to verifie the old relation exhibited the like beastly spectacle in his amphitheatre at Rome for thus saith Martial Junctam Pasiphaen Dictaeo credite Tauro Vidimus accepit fabula prisâ—a fidem Nec se miretur Caesar longaeva vetustas Quicquid fama canit donat arena tibi The fable's prov'd a truth our eyes did see The Cretan Bull sport with Pasiphae What cause hath then antiquity to glory We saw it done she only heard the story Finally here was the so much celebrated Labyrinth made by Daedalus for the including and safe keeping of the Minotaurus so full of various windings and turnings that when any one was got to the end thereof it was impossible for him to come out but by the help of a clew of threed By this Minotaure half a man half-bull the children of the Athenians paid yearly to Minos in way of tribute are said to be murdered till killed by Theseus son of Aegeus King of Athens with whom Ariadne the daughter of Minos falling in love taught him a means to kill the Monster and gave him the clew of threed before spoken of to conduct him out again the morall or historie whereof hath been shewn before Nor must it be forgotten that Strabo the Geographer who flourished in the time of Tiberius Caesar was of Cretan parents though born in the Citie of Amasia in the Realm of â—ontus which addes unto this Island as much true renown as any of the fictions or stories be they which they will of the former times Things most observable at the present are these that follow I that it breeds no serpents nor venemous worm or ravenous or hurtfull creature so that their sheep graze very securely without any Shepheard 2 If a woman bite a man any thing hard he will hardly be cured of it which if true then the last part of the priviledge foregoing of breeding no hurtfull creature must needs be false 3 They have an hearb called Alimos which if one chew in his mouth hee shall feel no hunger for that day if Quade may be beleived who speakes it 4 Here is besides many other medicinall herbs that called Dictamum or Dictamnos of especiall virtue against poison either by way of prevention or present cure peculiar onely to this Island it affordeth great store of Laudanum a juice or gum forced with incredible labour out of a certaine tree Cisto of which the mountaines yeeld aboundance good to cause sleep if moderately and carefully taken but if not very well prepared and taken with moderation it brings the last sleep upon a man out of which not to be awakened till the sound of the last Trumpet raise him Chief Mountaines of it 1 Ida now Psiloriti situate in the midst of the Island begirt about with many fair and pleasant villages sheltred by it from the violence of winde and Sun the hill being so high that from the top hereof both sides of the Island may be easily seen Here Jupiter is said to have been secretly nursed from hence called Idaeus And at the bottom of it the Cretans use to shew some tracts of the antient Labyrinth being indeed no other then the ruines of some larger Quarry the Labyrinth made by Daedalus being so defaced in the time of Pliny that he knew not where to finde any ruins of it 2 Dicte now called Sethia in some places Lasti so high that all the winter long it is covered with snow yet all the sides thereof garnished with Cypresse trees a mountaine of such such same that the whole Island sometimes had the name of Dictaea the City Dictinna the Promontorie Dictynnaeâ—â—n and the Herb Dicâ—amnos all seeming to take name from hence 3 Leuci a long chaine of hils so named from the whitenesse of them now called De Marara and by some La Spachia Rivers of any eminence here are few or none The principall of those that be are 1 Melipotamus 2 Scasinus 3 Epicidnus and 4 Divotro towards the North 5 Populiar towards the East and 6 Limens towards the West none of them navigable or capable of Ships of burden scarse of little Barkes But that defect supplyed by the neighbouring Sea which affordeth many Creeks and Bayes some capacious Havens and great store of fish among which a kinde of bearded mullet reckoned among the delicacies of the antient Romans By the convenience of which Harbours their Fish-trade and the situation of it in the midst of the Sea the people antiently were esteemed so good Sea-faring men that when the people of those times did tax a man with any incredible report they used to say Cretensis nescit pelagus meaning thereby the matter to be as improbable as for one of Crete to be no Sayler In former times there were reckoned in this Island an hundred Cities thence called Hecatompolis of which about 40 were remaining in the time of Ptolemie for so many of their names he gives us Those of most note were 1 Gnossus the seat-royall or Court of Minos whence Ariadne the daughter of Minos had the name of Gnossis in former times called Ceratus from a little River of that name running not far off 2 Cydon or Cydonia a Midland City as the former memorable for an excellent kinde of Apple which the Latines called Poma Cydonia amongst whom they were in great request as they are at this day though by the name of Adams apples amongst the Turkes the most antient of all the Cities of Crete many of which were at first Colonies of this for which reason it was called commonly mater urbium 3 Eleuthera as Ptolemie Erythraea as the printed copies of Florus corruptly call it one of the first Cities taken here by the Romans
annoyance vvhen vve had leisure to seek after Wealth vvithout perill there arose hot contentions betvvixt the Nobilitie and the Commons Sometimes the factious Tribunes carried it avvay sometimes the Consuls had the better and in the City and common Forum some little skirmishes the beginning of our Civil Wars were sometimes seen Afterwards C. Marius one of the meanest of the Commonally and L. Syllâ— the most cruel of all the Nobility by force of Arms overthrowing the Free-State reduced all to an absolute Government To them succeeded â—n Pompeâ—us a little closer in his projects but nothing better minded to the Common-wealth Et nunquam postea nisi de Principatu quaesitum and never after that was any other point debated than who should get the Soveraignty unto himself So Tacitus and he stateth it rightly For after Pompey had revived the controversie and had found Caesar a better disputant than himself Augustus Antony and Lepidus on the death of Caesar made good the Argument attracting all power unto themselves by the name of Triumviri till Augustus having out-witted Lepidus and vanquished M. Antony at the battell of Actium became sole Soveraign of the State by the name of Prince Et cuncta bellis civilibus fessa nomine Principis sub imperium accepit as that Author hath it But touching those great alterations in the State of Rome the contentions for the chief command and the Reduction of it to a Monarchy by Augustus Caesar I published a Discourse in the year 1631 but written many years before under the title of AUGUSTUS or an Essay of those Means and Counsels whereby the Common-wealth of Rome was altered and reduced to a Monarchy Which being but short so pertinent to the present business and so well entertained when it came abroad I hope it will not be improper or unprofitable to sub-joyn it here The Reader may either peruse it or praetermit it as his fancy guides him And here it followeth in these words THey which have heretofore written of Common-wealths have divided them into three Species The Government of the King secondly of the Nobles and thirdly of the People Either of these is again subdivided into good and evill The evill form being only the good corrupted the bad nothing else but the good refined So is the Government of a King divided into a Monarchy and a Tyranny Of the Nobles into an Aristocracy and an Oligarchy Of the People into a Republick and a Democraâ—y All these as well in generall as in the severall couplets have a secret Inclination to change the one into the other and to make a Pythagorical transmigration as it were into each other being I need not stand on many instances The Common-wealth of Rome into whose stories whosoever looketh will judge them rather to contain the acts of the whole World than a particular Nation will serve for all Romulus at the foundation of his City reserved unto himself the chief Soveraignty leaving it entire to his Successors Numa Ancus Tullus Tarquin the Elder and Servius governed themselves so moderately and the people so justly that they affected not Tyranny nor the Commons Liberty They appeared more desirous to fill the Coffers of their Subjects than their own Treasuries And when necessity compelled them to a Tax they rather seemed to sheer their sheep than fleece them But Tarquin the second commonly called Superbus a man of insupportable Vices having by violence enthronized himself in that Chair of State which had not his ambitious spirit been impatient of delay would have been his rightfull Inheritance made his Government answerable to his enterance cruel and bloody How many men eminent as well by their own vertue as their Parents Nobilitie did he cut off How many did he for no cause promote to make their fall the more remarkable What part of the Senate was free from slaughter What corner of the City from lamentations Yet this was not all The miserable Romans were visited with three Plagues at once Pride in the Father Crueltie in the Mother and Lust exorbitant in their sonne Sextus a true Copy of the old Originals Either of these had been more than enough to exercise the peoples patience But meeting all at one time it seemed that nothing could now be added to the wretchedness of the one and the wickedness of the other Brutus a name fatall to Tyrants did easily perswade the Commons to shake off this yoak For they as well desirous of Novelties as sensible of Oppressions had long since murmured at the present State and wanted nothing but a head to break out into actuall Rebellion So the People got the Freedom and the Kings lost the Soveraignty of the City 2 Brutus although he wanted no fair title to the Crown yet either perceiving how odious the name of King was grown or perhaps willing to be rather the first Consul than the last Prince instituted a new form of Government Wherein the sway of all was referred to the Fathers of the City out of whom two were annually chosen as chief of the rest And here in certainly he dealt very advisedly For had he sought to confirm himself in the Kingdom what could men judge but that not love to his Country was the cause that stirred him to take Arms but desire of Rule Again besides that secure Privacie is to be preferred before hazardous Royalty what hope had he to keep the seat long having by his own example taught the people both the Theory and Practice of Rebellion Under this new Aristocraty the Roman affairs succeeded so prosperously their dominions were inlarged so immensly that it may well be questioned whether the Roman fortune caused their greatness or their valour commanded their fortune For the Governours not seeking wealth but honour or not their own wealth but the publick did so demean themselves both in Peace and War that there was between all a vertuous emulation who should most benefit his Countrey An happiness which was too great to continue long The people had as yet no written Laws Custom bearing most sway and the rest of the Law locked up in the breast of the Judges To avoyd such inconveniencies as might hence ensue there were some men conceived to be as sound in judgement as honest in their actions deputed by a generall Commission to take an abstract of the Grecian Laws according to the tenor whereof the people were to frame their lives the Judges their sentences Here followed the Oligarchy or Decemvirate State of Rome but long it lasted not For these new Lords joyning forces together made themselves rich with the spoil of the people not caring by what unlawfull means they could purchase either profit or pleasure Appius Claudius one of the Decemviri was the break-neck of this Government He unmindfull of Lucretia and the Tarquius lusted after Virginia a woman though of low condition yet such a woman in whom beauty and vertue strove for the preheminence The issue was that she to save
Forces of these Princes I have little to say but think them to be of good consideration in both respects their Territories lying in the best and richest part of Italie and their Estates environed by more puissant neighbours which both necessitate and inable them to defend their own The Duke of MONTFERRAT THe Dukedom of MONTFERRAT is situate betwixt Lombardy and â—iemont or the Rivers of Tenarus and Po on the East and West extended North and South in a line or branch from the Alpes to the borders of Liguria of which last it was sometimes counted part and called Liguria Cisapennina for distinction sake It took this name either à Monte ferrato from some mountain of it stored with Iron or else à monte feraci as some rather think from the fertilitie of the Mountains And to say truth though the whole Country seem to be nothing else than a continuall heap of Mountains yet are they Mountains of such wonderfull fruitfulness that they will hardly give place to any Valley in Europe The principall River of it is the Tenarus above mentioned which springing out of the hils about Barceis a Town of the Marquisate of Saluzzes falleth into the Po not far from Pavie The principall Cities of it are 1 Alba called by Plinie Alba Pomera situate on the banks of the sayd River in a rich and fertile soyl but a very bad air near to which in a poor village called Zobia the Emperor Pertinax was born Who being of mean and obscure Parents after the death of Commodus was called by the Conspirators to the Roman Empire But being over-zealous to reform the corruptions of the souldiers he was by the Praetorian Guards hating their Princes for their vertues as much as formerly for their vices most cruelly murdered and the Imperiall dignity sold to Julianus for 25 Sestertiums a man 2 Casal vulgarly called Saint Vas from the Church there dedicated to St. Evasius or Saint Vas as they speak it commonly the strongest Town in all this Country well built and peopled with many antient and noble Families of which the family of St. George is one of the principall and made a Bishops See by Pope Sixtus the fourth An o 1474. t was in former times the chief seat of the house of Montferrat and for that cause compassed with a strong wall and a fair Castle but of late fortified after the modern manner of Fortifications and strengthned with an impregnable Citadel by Duke Vincent Gonzaga as the surest Key of his estate in which new Citadell the Governour of the Province holds his usuall residence 3 Aique in Latin Aquensis famous for its Bathes or Fountains of hot and medicinall waters 4 Saint Saviours where there is a very strong Fortress as there is also in 5 Ponsture or Pont di Stura so called of the River Stura 6 Osoniano antiently Occimianum the old seat of the first Marquesses of this Montferrat 7 Villa nova 8 Balzale 9 Liburn and many others of less note Here are also with in the limits of this Dukedom the Towns of Ast Cherian and Chivasco belonging to the Dukes of Savoy in the description of whose Country we may speak more of them together with Novara and Alexandria appertaing to the Dukedom of Millain which we have spoken of already And hereunto also I refer the strong and in those times impregnable Fortress by the Latin Historians called Fraexinetum from some Grove of Ashes near unto it situate in the advantages of the Mountains and not far from the sea by consequence better able to defend it self and admit relief and therefore made the receptacle or retreat of the Saracens at such time as they had footing in these parts of Italie First took and fortified by them in the year 891 recovered afterwards by the prowess and good fortune of Otho the Emperor deservedly surnamed the Great about 60 years after Of great note in the stories of those middle times By Luitprandus placed near the borders of Provence by Blondus and Leander near the River Po and the Town of Valenza once called Forum Fulvii and finally by Sigonius in the Coltian Alpes and so most fit to be referred unto this Country though now so desolated that there is no remainder of the ruins of it This Country was made a Marquisate by Otho the 2 d An. 985. one of the seven by him erected and given to the 7 sons of Waleran of Saxonie who had maryed his daughter Adelheide A Military Family conspicuously eminent in the Wars of Greece and the Holy-land where they did many acts of singular merit insomuch as Baldwin and Conrade issuing from a second branch hereof were made Kings of Hierusalem and Boniface one of the Marquesses got the Kingdom of Thessaly and many fair Estates in Greece But the Male-issue fayling in Marquess John the Estate fell to Theodorus Palaeologus of the Imperiall family of Constantinople who had maryed the Heir-generall of the house continuing in his name till the year 1534 when it fell into the hands of the Dukes of Mantua In the person of Duke William Gonzaga raised to the honour of a Dukedom as it still continueth the best and richest part of that Dukes Estate and the fairest flower in all his Garden The residue of the story may be best collected out of the following Catalogue of The Marquesses of Montferrat A. C. â—985 1 William one of the sonnes of Waleran and Adelheide made the first Marquess of Montferrat 2 Boniface the sonne of William 3 William II. who accompanied the Emperor Conrade the 3. and 5 Lewis of France to the Holy-land â—183 4 Boniface II. sonne of William the second his younger brother William being designed King of Hierusalem and Reyner another of them made Prince of Thessaly succeeded his Father in Montferrat Ayding his Nephew Baldwin the sonne of William in recovering the Kingdom of Hierusalem he was took prisoner by Guy of Lusignan Competitor with him for that title 5 William III. sonne of Boniface poysoned in the Holy-land where he endeavoured the restoring of his Brother Conrade to that languishing Kingdom 6 Boniface III. sonne of William the third for his valour in taking of Constantinople made King of Thessalie 1254 7 Boniface IV. sonne of Boniface the third added Vercelli and Eporedium unto his Estate 8 John surnamed the Just the last of this house 9 Theodore Palaeologus sonne of the Emperor Andronicus Palaeologus the elder and Yoland his wife daughter of Boniface the fourth 10 John Palaeologus sonne of Theodore 11 Theodorus II. sonne of John a great builder and endower of Religious houses 12 Jacobus Johannes sonne of Theodore the second 13 John III. eldest sonne of Jacobus Johannes 1464 14 William IV. brother of John the third founder of the City and Monastery of Casal 1487 15 Boniface V. brother of John and William the two last Marquesses invested by Fredederick the fourth Blanea Maria the daughter of William surrendring her Estate unto him 16 William V. sonne of Boniface
their several Blazons I know not on how good autoritie we find in Bara the French Herald The principall of them were Sir Lancelot Sir Tristrum Sir Lamorock Sir Gawin c. all placed at one Round Table to avoid quarrels about priority and place The Round Table hanging in the great Hall at Winchester is falsely called Arthurs Round-Table it being not of sufficient Antiquity and containing but 24 Seats Of these Knights there are reported many fabulous Stories They ended with their Founder and are feigned by that Lucian of France Rablates to be the Ferry-men of Hell and that their pay is a piece of mouldy bread and a phillop on the nose 2 Of S. George called commonly the Garter instituted by King Edward the third to increase vertue and valour in the hearts of his Nobility or as some will in honour of the Countess of Salisburies Garter of which Lady the King formerly had been inamoured But this I take to be a vain and idle Romance derogatory both to the Founder and the Order first published by Polidore Virgil a stranger to the Affairs of England and by him taken up on no better ground than fama vulgi the tradition of the common people too trifling a Foundation for so great a building Common bruit being so infamous an Historian that wise men neither report after it nor give credit to any thing they receive from it But for this fame or common bruit the vanity and improbabilities thereof have been elsewhere canvassed Suffice it to observe in this time and place that the Garter was given unto this Order in testimony of that Bond of Love and Affection wherewith the Knights or Fellowes of it were to be bound severally unto one another and all of them joyntly to the King as the Soveraign of it So saith the Register of the Order in which occurreth not one word of the Ladies Garter affirming that King Edward did so fit the habit into that design Vt omnia ad amcitiam concordiam tendere nemo non intelligat But to return unto the Order there are of it 26. Knights of which the Kings of England are Soveraignes and is so much desired for its excellencie that 8 Emperors 21 forein Kings 22 forein Dukes and Princes besides divers Noble-men of other Countries have been Fellowes of it The Ensign is a blew Garter buckled on the left leg on which these words are imbroydered viz. Honi soit qui mal y pense About their necks they wear a blew Ribband at the end of which hangeth the Image of S. George upon whose day the Installations of the new Knights are commonly celebrated 3 Of the Bath brought first into England 1399 by Henry the fourth They are created at the Coronation of Kings and Queens and the Installation of the Princes of Wales their duty to defend true Religion Widows Maids Orphans and to maintain the Kings Rights The Knights hereof distinguished by a Red Ribband which they wear ordinarily about their necks to difference them from Knights Batchelors of whom they have in all places the Precedencie unless they be also the Sonnes of Noble-men to whom their birth gives it before all Orders 4 Of Baronets an Order instituted by King Iames in the 9th yeer of his Reign for the furtherance of the Plantation of Vister They have Precedency of the Knights of the Baâ—h but not of those of the Garter nor of the younger Sonnes of the Nobility But this being Hereditarie not personall and rather civill than militarie is not so properly to be rancked amongst Orders of Knight-hood There were in England at and since the time of the Reformation Arch-Bishops 2. Bishops 20. WALES WALES is bounded on all sides with the Sea except towards England on the East from which separated by the River Dee and a Line drawn to the River Wie Antiently it extended Eastwards to the River Severn till by the puissance of Offâ— the great King of the Mercians the Welch or Britans were driven out the plain Countries beyond that River and forced to betake themselves to the Mountains where he caused them to be shut up and divided from England by an huge Dich called in Welch Claudh Offa i. e. Offa's Dâ—ke which beginning at the influx of the Wie into the Severn not far from Châ—pstow extendeth 84 miles in length even as far as Chester where the Dee is mingled with the Sea Concerning which Ditch there was a Law made by Harald That if any Welchman was sound with a Weapon on this side of it he should have his right hand cut off by the Kings Officers The name of Wales some derive from Idwallo the Sonne of Cadwallader who with the small remainder of his British Subjects made good the fastnesses of this Countrie and was the first who had the title of King of Wales Others conceive that the name of Welch and Wales was given them by the Saxons who having possessed themselves of all the rest of the Countrie called the Britans who lived here by the name of Walsh which in their Language signifieth as much as Aliens because they differed from them both in Lawes and Language which is the generall Opinion Most probable it is that as the Britans derive their Pedigree from the Galls as before was proved so they might still retain the name and were called Wallish by the Saxons instead of Gallish the Saxons using in most words W. for G. as Warre for Guerre Warden for Guardian and the like And this to be believed the rather because the Frenchmen to this day call the Countrey Galles and the Eldest Sonne of England Le Prince de Galles as also that the Dutch or Germans of whom the Saxons are a part doe call such Nations as inhabit on the skirts of France by the name of Wallons The antient Inhabitants hereof in the time of the Romans before it had the name of Wales were the Siluâ—es possessing the Counties of Hereford Brecknock Radnor Monmouth and Glamorgan all Glocestershire beyond the Severn and the South parts of Worcestershire on the same side also their chief Towns Ariconium now Hereford not reckoned since the time of Offa as a part of Wales Balleum now Buelih in Brecknock Gobannium now Abargevenny in Monmouth Magni now New Radnor in the Countie so named and Bovium now Boverton in Glamorgan 2 The Dimetâ— possessing Cardigan Caermarthen and Pembrokeshires whose chief Towns were Loventium now New Castle in Caermarthen Maridunum or Caermarthen it self and Octopitae where now stands S. Davids by the Welch called Menew whence that Bishop hath the name of Menevensis in Latine 3 The Ordovices inhabiting the Counties of Merioneth Carnarvon Anglesey Denbigh Flint and Montgomery with the North part of Worcestershire beyond the Severn and all Shropshire on the same side of the River Their chief Towns were Segontium now Caer Seont in Carnarvonshire Cononium now Conwey in the same County Bonium where after stood the famous Monastery of Banchor in Flintshire and
in those times so great and of such renown that Attila the Hun destroyed in it 100. Churches now but a very small Town and not worth the mentioning but for these Antiquities Eight leagues from hence amongst the shady thickets of the Forrest of Ardenne is that so celebrated 10. Villages and those famous hot Baths frequented from all the places of Europe called the Spa not so pleasant as wholesome not so wholsome as famous Yet are they good for sundry diseases as the Tertian Ague and Dropsie the Stone the exulceration of the Lungs the Sciatique c. They are of most virtue in July because they are then hottest and to such as taste them they relish much of iron from some iron mines it seemeth through which the waters run which feed them These Baths of great fame in the time of Plinie who doth thus describe them Tungri Civitas fontem habet insignem plurimis bullis stillantem ferruginei saporis quod ipsum non nisi in fine potus intelligitur Purgat hic corpora febres tertianas discutit calculorumque vitia So he lib. 31. cap. 2. agreeably to the nature of them at this present time As for the Bishoprick of Leige it was first founded at Tungres as before was said after the sackage of which City by Attila removed anno 498. by S. Servatius unto Maestricht But the people of Maestricht having Martyred S. Lambert then Bishop anno 710. by Hubert his designed Successour with the leave of Pope Constantine it was translated to this place and a Cathedrall Church here founded by the name of S. Lambert His Successours did so well husband their advantages that they did not only buy the Dukedome of Bovillon but the City and territory of Leige sold unto Speutus and Obertus successively Bishops of it by Godfrey of Bovillon Duke of Lorrain of which Dukedome it was formerly a part or member at his departure hence to the Holy-land not much increased since that in lands though he be in titles the Bishop being stiled a Prince of the Empire Duke of Bovillon Marquesse of Franchimont Earl of Lootz and Hasbain Yet are not his ordinary Revenues above 30000. duckets yearly his subjects living very well under him at easie rents and growing for the most part unto good estates An argument whereof may be that when the Leigeois had rebelled against Philip the Good Duke of Burgundie under whose Cleintele they were as Duke of Brabant they bought their peace of him at the price of 600000 Florens of the Rhene to be paid in six years After which time again rebelling against Charles the warlike as they have been observed to be the most rebellious City in Europe excepting Gaunt they were able to wage 30000 men but not being able to withstand the forces of their Lord Protectour they fell into that miserable destruction spoken of before Since that time they have lived with more moderation under the protection of the Princes of the house of Austria but counted neutrall in the quarrells betwixt the King of Spain and the States confederate as formerly between the Spaniard and the French though many times they suffer in the contestations 9. BRABANT 10. The MARQUISATE And 11. MACHLIN THese I have joyned together though distinct estates because they have a long time followed the same fortune and that the two last doe no otherwise differ from the first then the parts from the whole the Marquisate and Machlin being reckoned as parts of Brabant and included in it 9. BRABANT is bounded on the East with Luickland or the Bishoprick of Leige on the West with the River Scheld and a part of Flanders on the North with the Maes which severeth it from Holland and Guelderland and on the South with Hainalt Namur and part of Luickland The Air hereof is generally very wholesome and good and the Soil naturally fruitfull excepting Kempenland being the parts hereof lying towards the North which being barren of it self is made indifferently fertile by keeping Cattell Soiling the ground and other arts of good Husbandry The people live in most freedome and are the best priviledged of any in Belgium A thing for which they are more beholding to the Princes goodnesse then their own great wits being noted to be none of the wisest especially as they grow in age when most men learn wisdome Brabanti quo magis seneseunt eo magis stultescunt as Erasmus telleth us The length hereof from S. Gertrudenberg to Genblaurs North and South is 22 Dutch or German miles from Helmont to Berghen ap Some East and West 20 of the same miles the whole compasse 80. Within which circuit are conteined 26 walled Townes and Villages with Parish Churches 718. of which the odde 18 called Franks or Market-townes enjoy the priviledges of walled Townes or Cities though unwalled themselves Places of most importance in it are 1. Shertogen Bosch or the Bosch as the Dutch Bois le Duc or Bolduc as the French and Silva Ducis or Boscum Ducis as the Latines call it each name derived according to the severall languages from a pleasant wood belonging to the Dukes of Brabant where the Town now stands situate on a litle River called Deese some two leagues from the Maes neer the borders of Guelderland a large and well built Town very strongly fortified and of great trade for Clothing here being made yeerly in the time of Lewis Guicciardine 20000 Clothes worth 200000 Crownes to the Clother or Draper made an Episcopall See anno 1559. the Cathedrall which is fixed in the Church of S. John being fair and large and beautified with one of the goodliest Dials in the Christian world This is the principall town of Brabant properly and distinctly so called comprehending under it the four Countries of Kempenland Maesland Peeland and Osterwick and was taken by the Confederate Estates from the King of Spain after a long and chargeable siege Anno 1628. 2. Tilmont on the little River Geet once the chief of Brabant but long since decayed Arschot on the litle River Dennere which gives the title of a Duke to them of the Noble house of Croy the Dukes hereof advanced unto that honour by Charles the Fift being men of greatest Revenue and Authority of any in Belgium 4. Bergen ap Zome so called from the River Zome upon which it is situate about half a league from the influx of it into the Scheld and not far from the Sea which gives it a reasonable good Haven A town of great strength by nature but more strongly fortified Famous for being made a Marquisate by Charles the Fift anno 1553. more for the notable resistance which it made to the Marquis Spinola anno 1622. 5. Breda upon the river Merck a Town pleasantly seated well fortified and of great Revenue having under it the Town and Territorie of Steenberg the franchise of Rosindale and the Seigneury of Osterhout the residence Baronie and chief town of the Princes of Orange from whom being taken
truth it was a most famous University from whose great Cistern the Conduit-pipes of learning were dispersed over all the World Yet did not learning so effeminate or soften the hearts of the People but that 3 this one City yeelded more famous Captaines then any in the World besides not excepting Rome Miltiades Aristides Themistocles Cimon Pericles Alcibiades Phocion and divers others of great name Who though they were the men that both defended and enlarged this Common-wealth yet were the people so ungratefull to them or they so unfortunate in the end that they either dyed abroad in banishment or by some violent death at home Themistocles the Champion of Greece died an exile in Persia Phocion was slaine by the people Demosthenes made himself away by poison Pericles many times indangered Theseus their Founder first deposed and then despitefully imprisoned Aristides Alcihiades Nicius c. banished for ten years by Ostracism A form of punishment so called because the name of the partie banished was writ on an Oyster-shell and onely used toward such who either began to grow too popular or potent among the men of service Which device allowable in a Democratie where the overmuch powerablenesse of one might hazard the liberty of all was exercised in spight oftner then desert A Countrey-fellow meeting by chance with Aristides desired him to write Aristides in his shell and being asked whether the man whose banishment he desired had ever wronged him replyed No he was onely sorry to heare folke call him a good man We finde the like unfortunate end to most of the Romans so redoubted in warre Coriolanus was exiled Camillus confined to Ardea Scipio murdered with divers others onely because their virtue had lifted them above the pitch of ordinary men Ventidius was disgraced by Antony Agricola poysoned with the privity of Domitian Corbulo murdered by the command of Nero all able men yet living in an age wherein it was not lawfull to be valiant In later times it so hapned to Gonsalvo the Great Captain who having conquered the kingdome of Naples driven the French beyond the mountains and brought all the Italian Potentates to stand at the Spaniards devotion was by his Master called home where hee lived obscurely though honoured after his decease with a solemne Funerall Worse fared the Guise and Biron in France worse Essex and Dudley of Northumberland with us in England Neither will I omit William Duke of Suffolk who having served 34 yeares in our warres with France and for 17 yeares together never coming home at his return was quarrelled and basely murdered It were almost an impiety to be silent of Joab the bravest souldier and most fortunate Leader that ever fought the Lords battells and yet he died at the hornes of the Altar Whether it be that such men be born under an unhappy Planet or that Courtiers and such as have best opportunity to indeere men of warre unto their Soveraignes know not the way of commending their great deserts or that Envy the common Foe to vertue be an hinderance to it I am not able to determine And yet it may be that Princes naturally are distrustfull of men of Action and are not willing to make them greater whose name is great enough already And it may be the fault is in the souldiers themselves by an unseasonable overvaluing of their own performances as if the Prince or State were not able to reward or prize them which was the cause of the death of Silius in the time of Tiberiue concerning which Tacitus giveth us this good note that over-merit in great Subjects is exceeding dangerous and begets hate in stead of favours Eeneficia eo usque loet a sunt dum videntur exolvi posse Vbi multum anteverterunt pro gratia edium redditur saith that wise Historian But to look back againe on Athens it was first built by Cecrops the first King thereof governed by him and his posterity with no lower title for 400 yeares as is apparent by this following Catalogue of The KINGS of ATHENS A. M. 2394 1 Cecrops who first made Jupiter a God and ordained sacrifices to be offered to him as Pausanias writeth 2444 2 Cranaus outed of his Kingdome by 2453 3 Amphictyon the son of Deucalion and Uncle to that Amphictyon who first instituted the supreme Court of the Amphictyones or Common-Councell of all Greece 2463 4 Fricthonius the son of Vulcan 2513 5 Pandion the Father of Progne and Philomela so famous in the old Poets of whom more hereafter 2553 6 Eriâ—hthous whose daughter Orithya was ravished by Boreas King of Thrace 2603 7 Cecrops Il. brother of Erichtheus 2643 8 Pandion Il. son of Erichtheus 2668 9 Aegeus son of Pandion the second of whom the Aegean sea took name 2706 10 Theseus the son of Aegeus and Companion of Hercules vanquished the Minotaure in Crete collected the people of Attica into a body and incorporated them into the City of Athens which he had beautified and enlarged 2746 11 Mnestheus the son of Peteus Grandchild of Erichtheus served with the other Greeke Princes at the war of Troy 2769 12 Demophoon the son of Theseus restored unto his Fathers throne on the death of Maestheus 2802 13 Oxyntes son or brother of Demophoon 2814 14 Aphydas son of Oxyntes slaine by his brother 2815 15 Thymades the last of the line of Erichtheus 2823 16 Melanthius of Messene driven out of his own Kingdome by the Heraclide obtained that of Athens 2860 17 Codrus the son of Melanthius the last King of Athens who in the warres against the Pelopennesians having Intelligence by an Oracle that his Enemies should have the victory if they did not kill the Athenian King attired himselfe like a common Begger entred the Pelopennâ—sian Camp and there played such prancks that at the last they were fain to kill him Which when the Enemy understood they thought themselves by this meanes deprived of all hopes of successe and so broke up their Army and departed homewards For this the people of Athens did so honour his memory that they thought no man worthy to succeed as King and therefore committed the managing of the Estate to Governours for term of life whom they called Archontes the first Archon being Medon the son of Codrus not differing from the former Kings in point of power but only in the manner of their admission the former kings claiming the government by succession in right of bloud and these Archontes holding by election onely whose names here follow in this list of The perpetuall ARCHONTES in the STATE of ATHENS A. M. 2882 1 Medon the son of Codrus 2902 2 Acastus the son of Medon 2938 3 Archippus the son of Acasius 2957 4 Thersippus the son of Archippus 2998 5 Pherbas the son of Thersippus 3029 6 Megacles the son of Phorbas 3059 7 Diogenetus the son of Megacles 3087 8 Phereclus the son of Diogenetus 3106 9 Aritthon the son of Phereclus 3126 10 Thespieus in whose time began the Kingdom of
good for many diseases which gave it the name of Salutaris Of which thus writeth Marcellinus lib. 14. In his trastibus havingerum nusquam visitur flumer at in lacis plurimis aquae suacte natura calentes emergunt ad usum aptae multiplicium medelarum So he The sense whereof we had before Places of most observation are 1. Palmyra seated in a desart and sandy plain one of the Cities built by Solomon in the Wilderness mention of which is made 1 Kings chap. 9. v. 17 18. this Palmyra being supposed to be that City which is there called Tadmer or Tamer in the Vulgar Latine The cause for long time of much contention betwixt the Parthians and the Romans as situate in the borders of either Empire not fully setled in the Romans till that they had subdued Zenobia then the Queen hereof By Adrian the Emperour who repaired it it was called Hadrianople but it held not long the old name in short time prevailing above the new 2. Gezer 3. Bethboron the upper and 4. Bethberon the nether said to be fenced Cities with Walls Gates and Barres 2 Chron. 8. 4. and 5. Baalath four of the other Towns here built by Solomon but either quite worn out of knowledge or called by new names in the time of Ptolouy who faith nothing of them 6. Adada built as the name doth intimate by some of the Adads Kings of this Countrey or of Damascus to which last made subject 7. Sura more towards the River Euphrates in the Notitia called Flavia Firma Sura which sheweth that it was either repaired or made a Colonie by the Emprour Vespatian whose fore-name was Flavius honoured with an Episcopal See also in the times next following as appeareth by the Acts of the Council of Constantinople 8. Alamatha on the banks of the River Euphrates which if it were lawful for me to criticize upon my Author I should conceive to be that Hamath of the Scriptures which is call'd Hamath Sobah 2 Chro. 8. 3. against which Solomon prevailed the mistake from Camatha to Alamatha being not uneasie in the Transcripts And if it were the same as I think it was confirmed herein by that passage in the second of Chron. chap. 18. ver 3. where it is said that David smote Hadad-ezer King of Sobah unto Hamath as he went to stablish his dominion by the River Euphraters By which it seemeth that Hamath stood upon that River as the Camatha or Alamatha of Ptolomy is said to do I should conceive it to be the chief feat of those Kings and the Principal City of this Kingdome the word Sobah being added to it not onely for distinctions sake but in way of eminency 9. Resapha a Town of note in the time of Prolomy but of greater in the holy Scripture where it is represented to us by the name of Reseph Esay 3. 12. Reseph Civitas Syria as St. Hierome hath it and a Town of Syria then most like this 10. Betah and 11. Becothai two other Cities of this Kingdome taken by David in his warre against Hadad-ezer 2 Sam. 8. 8. the last supposed to be the Barathins of Ptolomy though placed by him here some time they are Towns of Arabia the Desart by which it seems it was alotted in the change of time This part of Syria as the rest was once a distict Kingdome of it self by the name of the Kingdome of Sobah or of Aram-Sobah The first KING thereof whose name occurs in holy Scripture being Rehob the Co-temperare of Saul King of Israel by whom discomfited in battel as is said 1 Sam. 14. 47. But Adad-ezor the Sonne of Rehob a Prince of greater power and valour then his Father was having brought all the neighbouring Kings under his command as is said 2 Sam. 10. 19. conceived himself a fit match for David and thereupon opposed his passage as he went to recover his border at the River Euphrates In which action though he lost a thousand Charets and twenty thousand Foot and seven hundred Horse yet would he not so end the wane but first with the Syrians of Damaseus and after with the Ammonites and their confederates and finally by the aid of the Mesopotamians renewed the quarrell But being discomfited also in this last enterprise with the lose of forty thousand and seven hundred men and his life to boot the Kingdome of Zobah was brought under by the Kings of Damaicus The Storie of this warre we have in the 2 of Sam. cap. 8. and 10. in the first of Chron. cap. 18. and 1 Kings 11. 23 24. yet were not the Kings of Damascus so well setled in it but that David had possessed himself of Betah and Berothia and other peeces of importance the Regal City of Hameth-Soba being wonne by Solomon and many of the best Towns of it built by him to assure his conquest But the Kingdome Solomon being rent in pieces in the next Succession the Kingdome of Zobah fell again unto those of Damasous and so continued till Damascus it self was conquered by the Kings of Assyria unless perhaps that Hamath which Jeroboam the second is said to have subdued together with Damascus it self to the Crown of Israel 2 Kings 14. 28. were this Hamath Soba as perhaps it was After this nothing memorable in the Affaires of this Countrey till the time of Gallientus the Roman Emperour during whose reign amongst the rest who cantonned that Empire betwixt themselves commonly called the Thirty Tyrants O tenatus a man of great power and vertue assumed the Imperial habit and took unto himself the command of these parts of Syria together with Mesopotamia and some other Provinces which he had conquered from Savores the King of Persia against whom he had so good an hand that he discomfited him in battell seized upon his Treasures took many of his Nobles and most of his Concubines For which great Acts admitted partner in the Empire by Gallienus he was not long after slain by Maeonius his own Cousen German Who by that murder hoped to obtain the Principality of Palmyreni for by that name it was now called but in that deceived For after his death Zembia his unfortunate Widow a most masculine Ladie not onely preserved the principalitie of Palmirene for the use of her Children but took upon her both the Purple habit and the command of his Annie which she managed with great wisdome and gallantry the rest of the time of Gallienus and all the reignes of Claudius an 〈◊〉 his two next Successors But vanquished and rook Prisoner by Aurelianus who had the happiness to unite the broken limbs of that Empire into as strong a body as ever formerly she was led in Triumph thorow Rome The terrour of her name and the unusualness of the sight so heightning the general expectation ut ea specie nihil unquam esset pompabilius saith Trebelliu Pollio That never any shew was esteemed so glorious A Ladie of so strong a vertue and of such command upon her self that she
the people sowed dissentions amongst them So that the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of Mount-Seir utterly to slay and destroy them and when they had made an end of the inhabitants of Mount Seir every one helped to destroy one another 4. Cerioth or Carioth the birth-place of Iudas hence sumamed Iscariot or the man of Carioth who betrayed our Saviour 5. Jether or Jatter nigh unto which was fought that memorable battell wherein Asa King of Iudah by the help of God discomfited Zerah King of the Arabians whose Army consisted of a Million of fighting men 6. Marsia the native Soyl of the Prophet Michah neer whereunto first Asa King of Iudah discomfitted the vast Army of Terah the Arabian or Ethiopian consisting of above a Million of men and afterwards Gorgias was overthrown by Iudas Maccabaeus 7. Emaus after called Nicopolis memorable for the third overthrow which Iudas gave to the said Gorgias for our Redeemers shewing himself after his Resurrection to Cleophas and another of his Disciples for the hot Bathes hereabouts which gave the name of Salntaris to this part of Palestine The sovereign vertue of which waters Sozomen a Christian attributes to the washing of Christ's feet in them as he passed by at that time but Iosephus a Iew ascribes as it is most likely unto naturall causes 8. Hasor or Chatsor one of the forntiere Towns towards Idumaea 9. Odalla or Hadullan an antient and magnificent City taken and destroyed by Josuah and long after much enlarged and beautified by Ionathan one of the Maccabees 10. Ceila or Keila where David sometimes hid himself when he fled from Saul by him delivered afterwards from the assaults of the Philistims 11. Eleutheropolis or the Free City not far from Hebron a City of later date than any of Iudah mentioned by Ptolomy and much remembred by Saint Hierome 12. Azecha not far from Emaus to which Iosuah followed Dabir the King of Eglon and his four Associates whom he discomfited in the cause and quarrell of the Gibeonites molested by them for submitting to their common Enemy Seated in the vally of Terebinth and of very great strength presuming upon which it revolted from Ioram King of Judah at the same time that Libnâ— and the Edomites had revolted from him 13. Beth-Sur or Seth-Sora that is to say the house on the Rock so called from the situation on a rocky hill one of the strongest places of Sudah Fortified first by Roboam the son of Solomon after by Iudas Maccabaeus and finally made impregnable by his brother Simeon 14. Adoram bordering on the Dead-Sea beautified also by Roboam 15. Zoar in former times called Bela but took his name from the words of Lot alleging that it was but a little one Gen. 19. 20. as the word Tsohor doth import in whose escape it was preserved being otherwise one of the five Cities of the Region called Pentapolis doomed unto destruction the other four Sodom Gomorrals Adâ—ma and Seboim being at the same time destroied by fire and brimstone 16. Massada situate on an high Mountain called Collis Achilloe an impregnable fortress built by Herod the Great in the place where Ionathan the Maccabee had sometime raised a very strong Castle Which he fortified with 27. Turrets and left therein as in a place impregnable and inaccessible a Magazine of Armes and all warlike furniture for an Army of 100000 men 17. Libna a strong City seated in a corner of Iudah running between the Tribes of Dan and Benjamin This City revolted from Ioram King of Iudah at the same time the Edomites did and continued a free State even as long as Iudab continued a Kingdome 18. Ziph in the wilderness wherein David hid himself from the fury of Saul Hither when Saul pursued him David came into his Camp the watch being all asleep and took thence his spear and a Cruse of oyl and departed Abishai indeed would fain have killed him but David though he knew that Samuel had by Gods command abdicated Saul from the Kingdome and that himself was appointed in his stead would not touch him but left him to the judgement of the Lord whose annointed he was 19. Bethlem or to distinguish it from another of this name in Zabulon so called Bethlem-Iudah where Christ was born and the Innocents suffered for him before he had suffered for them In this general Massacre of young children a sonne of Herods which was at nurse was also slain Which being told unto Augustus he replyed he had rather be Herods swine than his sonne His swine being safe in regard the Iews were forbidden hog-meat but his sonnes frequently made away upon fears and jealousies A Town for this cause had in great respect by the Primitive Christians beautified by Helen with a Stately Temple which yet standeth entire by the Lady Paula much extolled by Saint Hierome with some goodly Monasteries in one of which the body of that Father lieth and by the Western Christianâ— with a See Episcopal 20. On the frontire of this Country towards the Philistians was that strong Castle which Herod repairing called Herodium seated on a hill the ascent unto which was made with 200 steps of Marble exceeding fair and large In this Countrey also are the hils of Engaddi in a Cave of which David cut off the lap of Sauls garment and all along the bottomes whereof were the gardens of Balsamum or Opobalsamum the trees of which were by Cleopatra at such time as she governed M. Antony and the East sent for to be replanted in Heliopolis of Aegypt and Herod who durst not deny them plucked them up by the roots and sent them to her 5. The Tribe of BENIAMIN took name from the twelf and youngest sonne of Iacob by Rachel his best beloved wife who died in that Child-birth of which at the first muster neer unto Mount Sinai were numbred 35000 able men and at the second muster when they entred the Promised Land there were found of them fit for Armes 45600. persons A Tribe in great danger to have been utterly cut off by the folly of the men of Gibeah all Israel arming against it as one man For besides those that perished in the former battels there fell in one day 25000 men that drew the sword the sury of the Conquerours after that great victory sparing neither man nor beast nor any thing that came to hand and burning down all their Cities also which they came unto So great an havock was there made even of innocent maidens that when the edge of this displeasure was taken off there were not wives enough found for those few young men which had escaped the other Tribes having bound themselves by a solemn oath not to bestow their daughters on them insomuch that they were fain to provide themselves of wives of the daughters of Iabesh-Gilead a Town of the Manissites beyond Iordan which they took by assault and of the daughters of Shilo whom they took by Stratagem The whole
forgetting where they left them sit on those they meet next In that respect accounted for a simple fowl though otherwise of wit enough to preserve themselves keeping in flocks and oftentimes with their fearful shreeches affrighting Passengers to whom they do appear a farre off like a Troop of horsemen Their wings too little for their bodies serve them not for flight but to run more speedily and by that means not easily caught though much laid in wait for for their skins which the people sell unto the Merchant with the feathers on them Nor of less note is the Frankincense though of common use almost peculiar to this Countrey and here but to those parts thereof which were formerly possessed by the Sabi the wood out of which this gum proceedeth being about 100 miles long and 500 broad gathered onely in Spring and Autumn More of this anon The Countrey is much commended by Ammianus for plenty of Rivers the principal whereof are said by Ptolomy to be 1. Betus 2. Prion 3. Harman 4. Lar but the modern names thereof I find not Many fair Lakes and store of large capacious Baies on each coast of the Sea as 1. Sinus Eliniticus 2. Sachalites 3. Leanites 4. Sinus Magoram 5. Sinus Iehthy-phagorum 6. Messanites 7. Sacer Sinus or the holy Bay and 8 the Road or Naval station called Neogilla Mountains of most note 1. Those which are called Melanes at the entrance of the Persian Gulf. 2. Cabubuthra at the entrance of the Red Sea or Gulf of Arabia 3. Hippus 4. Prionotus not far from the River Pyton from whence so denominated 5. Climax 6. The Mountains called Dedymi c. Towns of good note in antient times it had very many no Region affording unto Ptolomy the names of more and amongst those many commodious Ports for trafick the Sea begirting it for the space of three thousand miles and upwards Of most importance and observation in those times were 1. Zabrum 2. Baden 3. Rhabana 4. Carman 5. Manambis 6. Sabe 7. Are the Royal seats of so many severall Kingdomes and therefore honoured by Ptolomy with the title of Regioe Then there are 1. Macoâ—mos 2. Meara 3. Nagara 4 Sabbatha 5. Mapha and 6. Saphar which he called Metropolet as being the head Cities of some severall Nations Amongst the Ports he reckoneth 1. Soâ—ippus 2. Trulla 3. Tretos 4. Cryptus 5. Itamos and 6. Moscha amongst the most noted Empories or Towns of Trafick 1. Musa 2. Ocelis 3. Arabia 4. Cane Besides which there are some which do preserve the memory of their first Plantations as 1. Saphta upon the Persian Gulf to called from Sabta the third Sonne of Chus 2. Rhegama or Regma as the Greek copies of Ptolomy have it so named from Regmoe or Raama his sixt Sonne On the same Gulf also 3. Sabe on the shores of the Red Sea and 4. Sabe Regia more within the Land so named from Seba the eldest Some of the same Chus from whom the rich and potent nation of the Saboeans are to be derived Out of all which and many others by him named we shall take more particular notice of some that follow 1. Musa a noted Port on the entrance of the Red-Sea frequented antiently by the Ethiopian and Egyptian Merchants who there laded their ships with Frankincekse Myrrhe Spices and other commodities of this Countrey bringing in in exchange thereof Saffron corn wine ointments purple dies c. 2. Sabe the Regal Seat of the Kings of the Sabaans particularly of that Queen so memorized in holy Scripture called in the old Testament the Queen of Sheba from her Countrey and place of dwelling in the New Testament the Queen of the South because of the Southern situation of it in respect of Judea said there to come from the furthest parts of the world because there was no part of the world which lay south to the Countrey of the Saboeans over which she reigned Situate on a little Mountain assumed by Agatharcides to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the most beautiful by far in all Arabia and the Metropolis of the rich and potent Nation of the Saboeans rich in all the excellencies of Nature espeecially in Frankincense a gum peculiar to them only and growing here in a wood of about 100 miles long and 50 broad not gathered but in the Spring and Autumn nor then without great care and many ceremonies The Countrey hereabouts from hence called Thurifera and this sweet gum appropriated soly to it Sabaei Arabum propter thura clarissimi as we find in Pliny Solis est thurea virga Sabaeis as it is in Virgil and finally Thuriferos felicia Regna Sabaeos in the Argonauticks of Valerius Flaccus It was called also Mariaba and by that name occurreth in some antient Writers 3. Saphar more towards the Persian Gulf on the South-side of the mountain Climax the chief City of the Homerita adorned in times of Christianity with a beautifull Temple 4. Sabbatha or Sabota as Pliny calleth it seated about the middest of the Countrey on the top of an high and lofty hill from whence it had a gallant prospect on the fields adjoyning antiently large and populous and strongly fortified having no fewer than 60 Temples within the walls the principal that consecrated unto Sabis the God of their Nation to whom they offered the tith of their Frankincense ubi decimas Deo quem Sabin vocant mensura non pondere capiunt Sacerdotes as we read in Pliny But these and almost all the rest being grown out of knowledge there have risen in their rooms 1. Egra on the shore of the Red Sea neer the Bay called Sinus Elaniticus by Prolomy called Arga by the Arabians themselves Algiar the Port Town to medina from which about three daies journey distant 2. Jatrib or Jathrib in the way betwixt Aygiar and Medina the birth-place of Mahomet by whom fortified with a mud-wall as his place of retreat in the first beginnings of his fortunes 3. Medina or commonly called Medina Talmabi corrupty for Medinatho-luabi that is to say the City of the Prophet so called from the Sepulchre of Mahomet that vile Imposture which is there to be seen although not in such an iron coffin or drawn up to the roof of the Temple by vertue of an Amant there placed as some deliver The Town situate in a desolate and barren place bordering on Arabia Petroea but of great trade rich and well inhabited the Sepulchre of that false Prophet drawing thither a continuall resort of Pilgrims The Temple gorgeous having 3000 lamps in it which burn continually The Sepulchre or Tomb inclosed within an Iron grate but of no magnificence or beauty covered with a carpet of Green Velvet which is sent hither yearly by the Grand Signeur the old one being taken off and cut into innumerable shreds or peeces and sold for Relicks by the Priests to such as come in Pilgrimage thither to their great enriching 4. Cufa the ordinary residence of the first Caliphs till
Armenian King who came hither to sue for aid against the Turks by whom then dispossessed of his estates By Ussan-Cassanes one of the Princes of this Countrey of whom more hereafter who had the fortune to obtain the Crowh of Persia Anno 1472. it was made a Province of that Kingdome and so continued till the year 1515. when conquered by Selimus the first and by him made a part of the Turkish Empire more fully setled and assured in the reign of Amurath the third who by causing many Forts and Garrisons to be planted in it made the conquest absolute The Armes of this Kingdom when a Kingdom governed by Princes of its own of the Christian faith were Gules 3 heads of a Buck Argent Crowned Or. 2. COLCHIS COLCHIS is bounded on the East with Iberia on the West with the Euxine Sea and past of the Tartars Precopenses on the North with Tartarie from which parted by those vasl hills which the Romans called Caucasi and on the South with Armenia Major from which separated by the Montes Moschici The reason of the name I find not Nor can yield unto Bochartus who fetcheth the original of the name and Nation from Cusluhim one of the sonnes of Mizraim the sonne of Cham the Etymology of the name being too much wrested and Egypt too farr off to give a being to Colchis in those early daies though possibly in times succeeding the Aegyptians hearing by the Greeks of the wealth of the Countrey might send Colonies of their people thither as to other places It is now called Mengrelia The Countrey said to be very fruitful if the care of the husbandman were not wanting Their vines they plant at the feet of great trees which twining about the armes thereof lade them full of Grapes with which and other fruits rising from the Earth they used of late times to furnish the Store-houses of their Kings for want of ready money to fill his Coffers their tributes being paid in such commodities Formerly of great fame for abundance of gold found in the sands of their Rivers issuing from the Caucasian Mountains The thing affirmed by Appianus in his Mithridatica 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Many of their springs saith he which come out of Caucasus carry veins of Gold The like saith Strabo also and some other Antients With which and out of their rich Mines both of Gold and Silver the Kings hereof were so well furnished with those metals that the furniture of their Chambers were all of Gold and the beams of their Lodgings were made of Silver But now so destitute of both that the people for want of money to buy and sell with are inforced to barter their commodities and change one for another The people at the present very rude and barbarous so inhumane and voide of naturall affection that they sell their children to the Turks The better sort of them much given to belly-cheer dancing and singing loose sonnets of love and daliance using much wine in their in tertainments which the more their Guests drink the better welcome inflamed wherewith they offer them for a cooler their wives or Sisters with charge to yield them all content esteeming it no small credit to them if it be accepted Nor are the women much averse from the entertainment whether to please themselves or obey their husbands let them tell that can The Christian faith was first here planted in the time of the Emperour Justinus by whose perswasion Taurus Prince of the Colchi then at the Court in Constantinople became a Christian and being baptized was returned back into his Countrey with the title of King But Cabades the King of Persia much ofended at it proclamed war against him which hindred the further progress of the Gospell till the year 860. About which time Methodius and Cyrill two reverend men were by the Patriarch of Constantinople employed in this service which they succesfully effected in that regard they hold to the communion of the Church of Greece and belong to the jurisdiction of that Patriarch To whom conform in most dogmaticall points of their Religion and in many practicall And though they have a distinct language of their own which hath no affinity with the Greek yet do they celebrate their Divine Offices in the Greek tongue and follow the Rituals of that Church which few of them understand any better than the Vulgar Papists of France Spain or Germany do the Latine service Whether it be that they have no learned men amongst them either to translate their old Liturgic or to compose a new or that they hold tall alterations in Religion to be matters of danger or that ignorance is the best mother of devotion as is thought by others I am nor able to determine The chief Rivers of this Conntrey are 1. Hippus 2. Cyaneus 3. Chaeristus all rising out of the Caucasian Mountains and falling into the Euxine 4. Phasis the principall of all rising out of the Moâ—es Moschici or Armenian Mountains and there called Boas Navigable with smaller vessels a great way up into the Countrey and with great ships 18 miles from the Sea Memorable amongst the Antients for the landing of the Argonatutes in the mouth thereof and those delicate fowl called from hence Phasides or Phasiani Phesants which they brought with them into Europe As for this expedition of the Argonautes being the most remarkable action in those elder ages of the world when Piracy and depredations were accounted for Heroical vertues it was no other than the adventure of some noble Grecians for the gold of Cholchos The Age wherein it hapned was about the 11 year of Gideon the Judge of Israel The chief Adventurers Jason Orpheus the famous Poet Castor and Pollux the Sonnes of Tindarus Telamon and Peleus the Sonnes of Aeacius and Fathers of Aâ—ax and Achilles Lacries the Father of Vlysses Amphiaraus the Sooth-sayer Hercules Theseus Meleager with many others of like note These moved with the great noise of the wealth of Colchos and the riches of King Aetus then therein reigning resolved upon a voyage thither embarked in a ship called Argos whence the name of Argonautes whereof one Typhis was chief Pilot Passing the Hellespont Propontick and Thracian Bosphorus they came into the Euxine Sea and after many difficulties and strarge Adventures which such Knights Errants could not chuse but encounter with they landed in the River Phasis and came to the Kings Coutt and there were kindly entertained But finding the Kings Treasures to be too well guarded to be took by force said by the Poets to be kept by a Draâ—â—n alwaies waking they practised with Medea the daughter of Aetes to assist them in robbing her Father Who being in love with Jason on promise of mariage with him assented to it by whose Attisices which the Poets call Magicall charmes the Guardians being circumvented and the treasure gotten they all together with Medea imbarked again and af er a long and dangerous voyage returned into Greece This is
the same fortunes ever since that they are hardly to be parted in course of story though each must have unto it self a distinct Chorographie First then we begin with MEDIA MEDIA is bounded on the East with Parthia and some part of Hyrcania Provinces of the Persian Empire on the West with Armenia Major and some part of Assyria on the North with the Caspian Sea and those parts of Armenia Major which now pass in the accompt of Georgia and on the South with Persia So called from Madai the sonne of Japhet by whom first planted and possessed after that general dispersion made at Babel Known by this name amongst the antients both Greeks and Romans but at this time called Sheirvan by the Turks and Persians the word signifying in the language of this Countrey a Milkie-Plain The Countrey of a large extent and of so different nature as one would think it not the same The North parts lying betwixt Mount Taurus and the Hyrcanian Sea very cold and comfortless so barren that for the most part they make their bread of dried Almonds and their drink of the juice of certain herbs Fruit-trees they have but few and those but of Apples nor any droves of tame cattel as in other places their food being generally on Ventson or the flesh of wild beasts took in hunting But on the South-side of the Taurus the soyl is very rich and the Countrey pleasant plentifull both of corn and wine and all things necessary full of fat pastures some of them so large in compass that 50000 horses do graze upon it The people antiently great Warriers as those who ruined the great Empire of the Babylonians and laid upon themselves and their own vertue the foundation of the second Monarchy But being not long after incorporated into the same Empire with the Persians have not onely ever since followed the same fortunes with them but participate of their nature also and therefore we shall hear more of their Character when we come to Persia Polygâ—mie antiently amongst them so farre from being esteemed a sinne or an inconvenience that it was a punishment for the common Villager to have less than seven wives or the woman if of noble birth fewer than five husbands In their warres they use commonly to envenom their Arrows with an oyl or liquor made of a bituminous water called Naphta whereof there is great plenty both here in Persia and Assyria The oyl called Oleum Mediacum from this people only because their invention and by them most mischievously used The Arrow which was anointed with it being shot from a slacker bow for a swift and strong motion took away its vertue did burn the flesh wherein it fastned with so great a violence that nothing but dust could mitigate the fury of it water increasing rather than diminishing that malignant flame The Christian Religion was first here planted by Saint Thomas but never had the happiness to be so universally embraced as in other places alwayes opposed and suppressed either by Paganism in the time of the old Porsian Kings or by Mahometanism since the first conquest of this Countrey by the power of the Saracons Some Christians yet there be amongst them either of the Armenian or Nestorian Sects as in all other parts of the Persian Empire the specialties of whose Religion have been elsewhere spoke of Here live also very many Jews indulged the free exercise of their Religion many of which are the Descendants of those Tribes which were transplanted hither by Salmanassar But the Religion generally embraced and countenanced is that of Mahomet according to the Sophian or Persian Sects the Language of which Nation they do also speak though they had a language of their own different from that of the Parthian Elamite or Persian as appeareth Acts 2. v. 9. where they are reckoned as distinct Mountains of chief note 1. Orontes 2. Coronus 3. Chabor as the boundary betwixt Media and Assyria 4. Jasonium 5. Lagoas all of them except Chaboras onely the disjointed branches of Mount Taurus which is here more broken and divided than in any part of his course besides Out of these flow their principall Rivers 1. Amandus 2. Strato and 3. Carindas of greatest eminence in this Countrey in the time of Ptolomy but otherwise of no great account or observation 4. Canac the Divider of this Province from Armenia Major but whether any of the former under this new name I am not able to affâ—â—m Adde hereunto the great Lake now called Argis by the Persians Vâ—â—sthlar but by Strabo named Martiana Palus situate in the confines of Assyria Media and Armenia of the fish whereof dryed by the Sun and wind and sold into divers other Conntreys the people of these parts raise a great commodity In former times it was divided into many Provinces the principall of which 1. Tropatene 2. Charomeâ—â—rene 3. Daritis 4 Marciane 5. Amariace and 6. Syro-Media these and the rest reduced to two in the later reckonings viz. Atropatia and 2. Media Major 1. ATROPATIA is that part hereof which lieth betwixt Mount Taurus and the Caspian Sea So called from that Atropatus Governor of these parts in the time of Darius the last persian Monarch who so valiantly held out against the Macedonians The Tropatene as I take it of the antient Writers A patten cold and unhospitable Countrey as before described and for that cause allotted for the dwelling of many of the captive Israelites brought hither by Salmanassar when he conquered that Kingdome their numbers being found so great in this Northern Region that benjamin the Jew reckoned no fewer than 50000 of them in one City onely which he calleth by the name of Madai And that great numbers of them were transplanted hither appeareth by that passage 2 Kings 17. 6. where it is said that they were placed in Halan and Habor by the River of Gozâ—n and in the Cities of the Medes Now Halah or Chalah seems almost probably to be that Region of Assyria which Ptolomy calleth Chalatone in the North of that Countrey towards Media Habor or Chabor to be that Mount Chaberus which parteth this Countrey from Assyria in which Mountainous tract there was in those times a City of the same name also Betwixt which City and the banks of the Caspian Sea I find in Ptolomy the City Gauzania in the 40th degree and 40 minutes of Northern Latitude in which there are apparent footsteeps of the name of the River Gozin upon whose banks it was most likely to be seated Places of most observation in it 1. Hamadum by Benjamin the Jew called Madai replenished in his time with families of the captive Israelites 2. Gaurazania another dwelling of those Tribes spoken of before 3. Mandigarsis of which nothing extant but the name 4 Gelan the Gela of the antients whom the Greeks call Cadusii 5. Bochu more towards the the Caspian Sea hence called Mare de Bochu 6. Ere 's a place of great strength but possessed by the
in the elder times the greatest those of Jason Vlysses and Alexander with the Fleets of Solomon and the Egyptian Kings Of these Jason and his companions say led in the ship called Argo through the Euxine Sea and part of the Mediterranean Vlysses through the Mediterranean only small gullets if compared with the Ocean Alexander's journey so famoused and accounted then so hazardous was but sayling down the River Indus and four-hundred surlongs into the Ocean and for the Fleets of Solomon and the Kings of Egypt it is very apparant that they went with great leisure and crawled close by the shore-side otherwise it had been impossible to have consumed three whole years in going from Ezion-Geber into India and returnning again which was the usual time of these voyages as appeareth in 1 King 10. 22. After the fall of the Roman Monarchy the most potent States by Sea in the Mediterranean were the Genoese and Venetians in the Ocean the English and the Hans-towns neither of which ever attempted any great discoveries But in the year 1300. one Flavio of Malphi in the Realm of Naples found out the Compass or Pixis Nautica consisting of 8 winds only the four principal and four collateral And not long after the people of Bruges and Antwerp perfected that excellent invention adding 24 other subordinate winds or points By means of this excellent Instrument and with all by the good success of Columbus the Portugals Eastward the Spaniards Westward and the English Northwards have made many glorious and fortunate Expeditions which had been utterly impossible to have been performed and had been foolishly undertaken when that help was wanting I know there hath been much pains taken by some learned men to prove the use of the Mariners Compass to be far more antient then is now commonly pretended Fuller a very learned and industrious man but better skilled in the Hebrew tongue then the Philologie of the Greeks and Latines will have it known to Solomon and by him taught unto the Tyrians and Phaenicians the most famous Sea-men of old times but he brings no Argument of weight to make good the cause Nor is it possible that such an excellent invention so beneficial to the common good of all mankind should have been forgotten and discontinued for the use of more then 2000 years if ever the Tyrians and Phoenicians had been masters of it who could not possibly conceal it had they been so minded from the Common-Mariners or they not have communicated it for gain or desire of glory to the Greeks and Romans under whom successively they lived As little moment do I find in some other Arguments as that the Lapis Heraclius of the Antient writers or the Versoria of Plautus should be by them intended of the Mariners Compass For plainly the Versoria of Plautus is no other then that peece of tackle which our Mariners now call the Belin by which they use to turn their Sails and fit them to the change of every wind And so much doth appear by the Poet himself in the Comedie which he cals Mercator saying Hinc ventus nunc secundus est cape modo Versoriam So called from Verso to turn often or from Versum the first Supine of Verto whence Velum vertere is a common phrase amongst the Latines used for the shifting of the Sail as the wind doth vary As for the Load stone it is called indeed Heraclius Lapis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Greeks not because Hercules Tyrius whom the Phoenicians invocated when they were at Sea had first found out the vertue of it as our Fuller thinketh but because first found neer Heraclea a City of Lydia 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith Hesychius the old Grammarian Called for the same reason Magnes by the writers both Greek and Latine because first found in the Territory of Magnesia a City of Lydia also whereof Heraclea was a part So Suidas telleth us for the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heraclium Lapidem quidam Magnesiam reddiderunt quia Heraclea pars est Magnesiae Called for the very same reason Lydius Lapis also and by them known only as a touch stone Thus old Lucretius for the Latines Quem Magneta vocant patrio de nomine Graii Magnetum quia sit patriis de finibus ortus Which Stone the Greeks do Magnes name Because it from Magnesia came But I have rambled further then I did intend drawn by the vertue of the Load-stone too much out of my way It is time now to return again into America where the Spaniards at their first Arrival found the People without all manner of Apparel nought skilled in Agriculture making their bread either of a Plant called Maize or a kind of Root called Jucca a Root wherein is a venemous liquor not inferior to the most deadly poisons but having first queezed out this juice and after dryed and prepared the Root they made their Bread of it They worshipped Devilish Spirits whom they called Zemes in remembrance of whom they kept certain Images made of Cotton wooll like our Childrens Babies to which they did great reverence as supposing the Spirit of the Zemes to be in them and to blind them the more the Devil would cause these Puppets to seem to move and to make a noise They stood also in so great fear of them that they durst not displease them for if their wils were not fulfilled the Devil strait executed vengeance upon some of their Children so holding this infatuated People in perpetual thraldom So ignorant they were of all things which they had not seen that they thought the Christians to be immortal wondring exceedingly at the Sails Masts and Tacklings of their Ships themselves knowing no Ships or other Vessels but huge Troughs made of some great bodied tree But this opinion of the Christians immortality in the sense they meant it did not long continue for having taken some of them they held their heads under the water till they had quite choaked them by which they knew them to be mortal like other men Quite destitute of all good learning they reckoned their time by a confused observation of the course of the Moon and strangely admired to see the Spaniards know the health and affairs of one another only by reading of a Letter Of a plain and honest nature for the most part they were found to be Loving and kind in their entertainments and apt to do good offices both private and publike accordâ—ng to their understandings encouraged thereunto by an opinion which they had that beyond some certain hills but they knew not where those which lived honestly and justly or offered up their lives in defence of their Country should find a place of everlasting peace and happiness So natural is the knowledge of the Souls immortality and of some Ubi for the future reception of it that we find some tract or other of it in most barbarous Nations And as for Gold and Silver which the new come Christians
Napaei 188 Lib. IV. Nigitimi 33 Novatae 33 Nectiberres 35 Nigritae 46 Nubae 46 Nabatrae 57 O OXili 110 Ossismi 167 Oretani 298 Ottadâ—i 272 Oâ—dovices 288 Lib. II. Osyli 161 Osoniates 185 Lib. III. Oâ—ympem â—19 Oâ—bitae 169 Oâ—cheni 113 Obares 113 Oâ—andae 193 Oxydracae 19â— 2â—7 Oxiani 19â— Occacororae 200 Opunâ—i 235 Ozolae 235 Lib. IV. Ogdoni 16 Odianguli 4â— P PEligni 59 Precutini 59 Piceni 57 Picentes 81 Picentini 57 Parisii 157 Pictones 175 Peâ—â—gorii 177 Pesici 219 Pictis 300 Lib. II. Phrundusii 126 Pniraei 1â—6 Pâ—atunae 1â—8 Pagiritae 161 Phinni 175 Pagarini 170 Phrungudiones 175 Paeones 1â—â— Parii 195 Peâ—rustae 168 Picentii 208 Peucini 211 Pelasgi 220 Lib. III. Proselimnitae 17 Phryges 17 Pisiâ—ae 28 Pasagarrae 166 Paâ—sarae 168 Paâ—gyetae 169 Parambi 173 Parni 174 Pselli 191 Pialae 200 Piratae 217 Pezuari 217 Polindae 217 Phyllitae 217 Lib. IV. Prosditae 16 Poeni Perasori 49 Pyrrhaei 49 Psilli 49 Q Quadi l. 2. 75 93 R RUtuli 84 Rhaeti 131 Rhemi 157 Rhodones 167 Ruteni 184 Regni 272 Rhobegnii 312 Lib. II. Ramuraci 61 Rugusci 68 Rugii 98 Reudigni 102 Rutheni 161 Roxâ—lani 161. 185. l. 3. 188 Rossi 161 Rhatacensii 203 Rascâ—ani 207 Lib. III. Raubeni 113 Ramnae 168 Rochitae 169 Rhabbanaei 200 Rapsy l. 4. 73 S SAmnites 57 Salentini 61 Sicano 68 Siculi 68 Sabini 82 Sadani 131 Salii 131. 187 Salassi 135 Senones 121. 157 Salures 163 Suessiones 159 Samnitae 170 Segusiani 173 Santones 178 Senitii 188 Sigestorii 188 Secusiani 192 Scyrani 194. 195 Sâ—uri 223 Segalauni 191 Silures 288 Selgovio 300 Lib. II. Sicambri 29. 81. l. 1. 198 Suentes 68 Sevates 74 Salii 81. l. 1. 198 Suardones 103 Saxons 107. 113. 123. l. 1. 265 Sigalones 123 Subalingii 123 Sueones 139 42 Suethidi 39. 42 Sitones 145 Suiones 145 Siculi 202 Sauromatae 161 Savari 170 Sondini 175 Scordisci 185 Sclavini 198 Sardiotae 198 Sartones 198 Strimonii 152 Sapaei 152 Saâ—i 152 Lip III. Soli 113 Sachalites 121 Sabaei 147 Soani 149 Suscani 161 Sazaei 165 Stabaei 165 Sagartii 160 Sazarae 166 Sieri 169 Salatarae 176 Scordae 176 Savari 176 Sinchi 188 Sythi 117 Samocolchi 193 Socanâ—â— 193 Seci 193 Seres 199 Scimnitae 193 Sozyges 200 Semantini 210 Sadani 217 Soringi 217 Sabari 217 Lib. IV. Succusii 35 T TArentini 61 Tyrrheni 107 Tusci 107 Taurini 134 Tectosages 184 l. 2. 11. 197 Tolosates 184 Turones 167 Tricassini 191 Teucteri 198 Turdetani 209. 228 Turduli 228 Tuditani 242 Trinobantes 272 Talzalli 300 Lib. II. Tungri 17 Treveri 55 Tribochi 161 Taurisci 171. 177. 203 Turingi 102 Tricornesii 208 Teutones 128 Triballi 211 Tegeates 222 Talantii 241 Lib. III. Thynni 6 Themiscyry 8 Tibareni 10 Trogmi Tolibosti 11 Turcae 150. 191 Thyrsagetae 150. 191 Tapyri 160 Tombyzi 176 Thocari 176 Tauri 186. 188 Tauro-Scythae 188 Thyrambae 191 Tachozi 194 Taporaei 197 Thoani 200 Tacoraei 238 Tilaedae 238 Lib. IV. Taladusii 35 Thaloffii 35 Troglodites 59. l. 2. 210 U VEstini 59 Umbri 81 Volsci 84 Veneri 103. 165 Veii 10â— Veragri 131 Valenses 131. 140. 141 Veromandui 159 Venelhocassi 163 Vaccaei 1â—0 Velauni 184 Volcrae 185 Vencienses 187 Vasionenses 188 Valentini 191 Vocontii 191 Vascones 216. 221 Varduli 222 Veâ—tones 238 Vermines 300 Vacomagi 300 Voâ—entii 312 Veniculi 312 Velibori 312 Utarni 312 Vodii 312 Lib. II. Ubii 53 Vangiones 57 Veredonenses 62 Vindelici 67. 68. 69 Vingeli 70 Virthungi 85 Varini 96 Vandali 101 Venedi 175 Vardae 198 Lib. IV. Veli 35 Vacuatae 35 W WInithi l. 2. 96. 99. 192 Werciani l. 2. 185 Winnili l. 2. 186 X XIlinces l. 4. 57 Xanthi â—3 Z ZOelae 219 Lib. III. Zaviaspae 176 Zigae 190. 191 Zychi or Zinchi 190 Zaratae 197 The End of the first Table A TABLE OF SOME PRINCIPAL THINGS herein contained not properly reducible to the other two A S Augustines tart reply to an Atheistical demand l. 1 f. 2. The Order of Friers by him founded 92. a. Augustane Confession why so called 1. 2. f. 67. by whom and where confirmed 67. 71. c. Aristotle the Praecursor of Christ in rebus naturalibus l. 1. f. 2. why he conceived the World to have been eternall ibid. Abilene the Tetrarchie of Lysanias where it was l. 3. f. 64. and 81. Why reckoned Luke 3. amongst the portions of Herods children lib. 3. 64. Abassines by whom converted 1. 4. f. 60. their Hetrodoxies and Opinions ibid. Ark of Noah where made l. 3. f. 132. in what place it rested after the Flood l. 1. in f. 7 8. and l. 3. 174. Assur the son of Sem where planted l. 1. f. 10. and l. 3. 131. The Assyrians descended of him why so easily conquered by all Invaders ibid f. 139. Arphaxad the father of the Chaldaeans l. 1. f. 10. first setled in the Region called Arrapachitis ib. and l. 3. 131. Aram the son of Sem the founder of the Syrians l. 1. 10. l. 3. 48. the large extent of that name in holy Scripture ibid. Almodad the sonne of Jockâ—am where most probably fixed l. 1. 12. Askenaz the son of Gomer first setled in Bithynia and Phrygia Minor l. 1. 15. and l. 3. 6. 18. Ananim the father of the Hamanientes an African People l. 1. 14. Antoeci what they are in Geographie l. 1. 25. Antipodes what they are l. 1. 25. The tenet touching them derided by some of the Antients ib. condemned of Heresie in the darker times of the Church ib. Amphiscii why so called and what they are in Geographie l. 1. 25. Armes why first used l. 1. 47. by whom first quartered 221. Why those of England give place in the same Esâ—â—cheon to the Armes of France 286. Anakim the name of a Gigantine race of men and why given unto them l. 3. 91. Annals what they are l. 1. 21. and how they differ from Histories ib. Augustus or an essay of the means and Counsels by which he reduced the Commonwealth of Rome to the state of a Monarchie l. 1. 44. Albigenses what they were and why so called l. 1. 193. The 〈◊〉 and substance of their story 192 193. 147. Anabaptists their furies and proceeding in the City of Munâ—â—er l. 2. 114. Their demands in the Insurrection of the 〈◊〉 183. Adamites why so called and what l. 2. 89. and by whom destroyed ib. 〈◊〉 why made the God of the winds l. 1. 72. Aetna the violent burnings of it l. 1. 69. and the cause thereof 69 70. Aâ—tila the Hun why called Flagelum Dei l. 1. 184 l. 1. 186. his bloody end ibid. his Coat of Armes l. 2. 190. Amphictyones what they were and of their authority l. 2. 230. 233 234. Areopagites what they were and from whence so called l. 2. 231. Amethist a precious stone and the vertues of it l. 3. 41. Asia whence so called at first l. 3. 3. the severall notions of the word and in what sense used in holy Scripture 5. 21. the estate of Christianity in it 4. amongst whom divided ibid. Amazon why
h-saying how many kinds and by whom each kind thereof invented l. 3. 137. Sardanapalus an effeminate king l. 3. 160. why he burnt his Treasure l. 3. 137. Silks why called Serica by the Latines l. 3. 199. Sibyls what they were how many and where they dwelt l. 4. 15. not counterfeited by the antient Fathers ib. Silver and Gold where most plentifull l. 4. 149. the rich mines of Potosi 154. how vilified by the Vtopians 150. the causes of the dearness of things in our daies 150. not so advantageous to a State as trade and merchandise ib. Samia Vasa what and how highly prized l. 3. 37. Styx a River of Greece the usual oath of the God l. 2. 222. Sugars when and by whom first refined l. 4. 80. what used instead thereof in the elder times ib. the great quantities thereof sent yearly by the Portugals from the Isle of S. Thomas ib. and from their Sugar-works in Brasi Seriphiae Ranae an old Proverb the occasion and meaning of it l. 2. 261. T Topographie what it is li. 2. 27. how it differeth from Geographie ib. Tarsâ—h the sonne of Javan planted about Tarsus in Cilicia l. 1. 16. l. 3â— 31. not in Tarâ—essus as some say l. 1. 16. Thiras the Father of the Thraâ—ans by some called Thrasians l. 1. 17. lib. 2. 348 Togarma or Torgama the sonne of Taphet founder of the Troâ—mi or Trogmades in Cappadocia l. 1. 15. l. 3. 13. Tubal the sonne of â—avan first planted in Iberia l. 1. 16. l. 3. 148. the Spaniards how derived from him l. 1. 212. Triumphs their originall and majesty l. 1. 41. in what they differed from an Ovation ib. in what cases denied a Conqueror 41. 42. when discontinued and laid by 42. Taramula a disease how cured l. 1. 62. Tolosanum Aurum a Proverb the meaning and occasion of it l. 1. 184. Tragedies by whom invented l. 3. 35. Tule of most Christian King why given unto the Kings of France l. 1. 200. of Catholick King to the Kings of Spain 252. of Defender of the Fâ—â—th to England 285. of Defenders of the Church to the Switzers l. 2. 142. b. of Basileus to the Kings of Bulgaria l. 2. 211. of Fâ—agellum Dei to Attila the King of the Huns l. 1. 184. l. 2. 216. Tenedia Securis a By-word the occasion of it l. 3. 34. Tails of sheep and of no beasts else why used in Sacrifice l. 3. 58. Troy not besieged ten years together by the Greeks and at last how taken li. 3. 16. Temple re-edified by Zorobabel in what it differed from the former l. 3. 94. repaired and beautified by Herod ib. the several Courts about it 94 95. all of them in the name of the Temple ib. Turks their originall and conquests l. 3. 150. Their Kings and Emperours 151. Their persons customs and Religion 152. Their Estate and power 153. 156. Timariots what they be their institution and number l. 3. 153. Tartarians not the Progeny of the Tribes of Israel l. 3. 186. from whence most probably descended 203. their affairs and victories 203 204. Tamerlane his birth and parentage l. 3. 195. the summe and substance of his story ib. Sr. Thomas Moor no friend to Friers l. 1. 93. his new plot for wooing not approved of l. 4. 56. his device to bring Gold and silver into contempt fit for none but Utopians l. 4. 149. Traffick and the story of it l. 4. 9 10. more advantageous to a State than mines of Gold and Silver ib. Tabaâ—â—â— where most plentifull l. 4. 149. why called the Henbane of 〈◊〉 the fantastâ—ck use therecondemned and the vertues ascribed unto it examined Ibid. by whom first brought into England ibid. Theocraâ—ia or the Government of the Jews under God himself l. 3. 100. V Vina Massica whence so called and of what esteem l. 1. 57. Vidames in France how many and what they are l. 1. 170. Vandâ—â—s the same which the Latines call Wâ—lâ—enses l. 1. 193. Their life and doctrines ib. Vlysses not so farre as Lasbon l. 1. 258. the summe and substance of his story l. 2. 264. Venus whence called Cytheraea l. 2. 260. whence Dea Cypr. l. 3. 4. 43. whence Paphia l. 3. 43. the brutishness of the Cypriots both men and women in their Feasts and Sacrifices 42 43. Vr the birth-place of Abraham a Town of Mesopotamia l. 3. 135. that it was not in Chaldaea as by most supposed ib. Vz or Hus the Country and dwelling of Iob whereabouts it was l. 3. 112. Virgils Fable of Dido disproved l. 4. 27. his Aeneas suspected l. 3. 16. Vandâ—lâ— their first Seat l. 2. 200. their affairs story and the succession of their Kings l 4. 28 29. Vaivod the meaning of the word l. 2. 203. the Varvods of Transilvania ib. of Moldavia 204. and Walaâ—hia 206. Versoria in Plautus what it is l 4 99. not used there for the Mariners compass as by some supposed ib. Vicugue a strange but profitable beast among the Americans and the nature of it l. 4. 101. the Bezar found in the belly of 12 ib. W WOrld why created l. 1. 1. how long since 3. Peopled before the generall Flood 6. the East parts planted before the attempt at Babel 17 18. l. 3. 217. called Cosmos by the Greeks and Mundus by the Latines from the beauties of it l. 1. 31. unequally divided in respect of Religion 31 32. Wallons what they are and why so called l. 2. 4. li. 1. 288. Writing the original of it l. 4. 4. and the several forms l. 3. 207. White-Friers from whence so called and by whom first institututed l. 1. 92. called also Carmelites and why ib. Whales their dimensions and vast greatness l. 2. 213. X XErufe why used for the title of the Kings of Morocco l. 4. 43. the Catalogue and succession of them ib. Y YEugh-trees why planted in Church-yards l 4. 4. A Computation of the forein Coins herein mentioned with the English  I s d Hebrew Talent in gold 4500   Hebrew Talent in Silver 375   Alexandrian Talent 375   Aegyptian Talent 250   Babylonian Talent 218 15  Attick Talent 187 10  Sestertium of Rome 7 16 3 A Shekel 00 2 6 Argenteus Mat. 26. 15. 00 2 6 A Drachma 00 00 70b A Rubble 00 13 4 A Sulâ—any 00 7 6 A Ducat 00 6 8 A French Crown 0 6 6 A Xeriffe 0 6 0 A Rix Doller 0 4 8 A Floren 0 3 0 A Frank 0 2 0 A Livre 0 2 0 A Gulden 0 2 0 A Spanish Reall 0 0 6 A Sous 0 0 1 qâ— A Turkish Asper 0 0 1q A Maravidis 0 0 0q These verses prefix'd before the second Edition of the former book Anno 1624. I have made bold to borrow and imprint with this to preserve the memory of the Author who died in February 1640. A. M. 2637. 2670. 2707. 2751. 2787. A. M. 1787. 2790. 2828. 2857. 2888. 2938. 2977. 3001. 3029. 3042. 3050. 3090. 3109. 3146. 3169. 3211. A. M. 3213. 3251. 3294. 3326. 3388. 3432. A. V. C. 253. 257. 295. 316. 338. 354. 375. 385. 396. 418. 438. 451. 467. 505. 536. 537. 545. 672. 707. A. V. C. 244. A. V. C. 3â—â— A. V. C. 308. A. V. C. 310. A. V. C. 388. A. V. C. 26. A V. C. 711. A. V. C. 713. A. V. C. 725 A. M. 3918. 3923. A. C. 17 39. 43. 57. 70. 71. 80. 82. 97. 99. 118. 138. 162. 181. 194. 195. 213. 220. 221. 225. 238. 241. 247. 252. 254. 256. 256. 271. 272. 273. 279. 280. 286. 288. 308. 310. 341. 399. 425. 455 456. 457. 461. 467 471. 472. 473. A. C. 495. 527. 534. 537. 540. 541. 542. 553. A. C. 568. 574. 586. 593. 618. 628. 639. 635. 660. 669. 670. 679. 679. 698. 710. 711. 712. 723. 723. 744. 744. 750. 756. 841. 856. 876. 888. 894. 917. 926. 946. 974. 984. Naples Campania Abruzzo Naples Calabria Terra di Otranto Apulia Isles of Naples Calabria Sicil. Sicil Sardinia LAND of the Church Romandiola Romandiola Ferrara Anconitana Spoletano S. Peters Patrimonie Compagna di Roma Compagna di Roma ROME The Papacie The Papacy The Papacie The Papacie The Papacie Vrbine Venice 1444. 1538. Trevigiana Fruili Histria The Adriatick Isles of Venice Venice Tuscany Tuscanie Florence Pisa and Sienna The Tuscan Ilands Tuscan Ilands Florence Luca. Genoa Liguria Genoa Corsica Genoa Lombardy Millain Mantua Modena Parma Montferrat Savoy Piemtont Savoy Geneva Wallisland Switzerland Switzerland Grisons The Isle of France VALOIS HEUREPOIX GASTINOYS Champagne Pieardie Normandie Bretagne Anjou La Beausse Berry 〈…〉 〈◊〉 Limosin Perigort Quereu Aquitain Guienne Gascoigne Aquitaine Languedoc Provence Orange Provence Buâ—gundians Daulphine La Bressâ— Lionois Bargundie Dukedom Burgundie County French Ilands French Islands Navarre Navarre Leon. Bâ—scay Guipuscâ—a Biscay Gallicia Corduba Cades 〈◊〉 Granada Murcia Toledo Castile Castile Portugal AZORES AZORES AZORES 〈◊〉 Portugal Valentia Catalâ—â—â—â— Majorca Majorâ—a Majorca Aragon Aragon England England England England SAXONS England Wales Tre Boâ—ders Scotland Scotland Scotland Ireland Ireland 〈◊〉 Ireland 〈◊〉 Sâ—hâ—tland Hebrides Man Man Anglesey Isles Wight Thanet Sunderland Holyâ—land Flanders Artois Flanders and Artois Hainalt Hainelt Cambray Namur Luxenbourg Bovillon â—imbourg Leige Brabant The Marquisate Machlyn Holland Holland Zeland Zeland Holland Vtrecht and Over-Yssel Guelderland Zutphen Groiningland Guelderland Cleveland Gulick Berg. Gulick and Berg. Cleve Mark. Cleve Colen Mentz Triers Palatinate of Rhene Palatinate Elsats Lorrain Suevia Bavaria Austria Austria Austria Stiria Carniola Tirol Wederaw Franconiâ— Wirtenberg Northgoia Bohemia Moravia Lusatia Brandenbourg Pomerania Mecklenb Misnia Saxonie Saxony Saxony Saxony Brunswick Lunenbourg Hassia Westphalen Bremen East Friseland Oldenburg Oldenbourg The Cimbrick Chersonese Wagerland Stormarsh Holstein Juitland Baltick-Ilands Scandia Norwey Iceland Freezland Grâ—enland Gothland Gothes Gothes Lapland Finland Mâ—scovie Novogrod Corelia Severia c. Wiathka c. Novogrod Inferior Livonia Samogitia Lituania Volhinia Russia Nigra Prussia Poland Windischland Croatia Dalmatia Liburnia Illyricum Transylvania Transylvania Moldavia Valachia Rascia Servia Bulgaria Bulgaria Peloponnesus Achaia propria Elis. Messenia Epirus Thessalie Macedon Thrace Constantinople Thrace Propontis Lemnos Euboea Salamis Cyclades Sporades Crete Zant. Cephalenia Corcyra