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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A31006	The history of that most victorius monarch, Edward IIId, King of England and France, and Lord of Ireland, and first founder of the most noble Order of the Garter being a full and exact account of the life and death of the said king : together with that of his most renowned son, Edward, Prince of Wales and of Aquitain, sirnamed the Black-Prince : faithfully and carefully collected from the best and most antient authors, domestick and foreign, printed books, manuscripts and records / by Joshua Barnes ...	Barnes, Joshua, 1654-1712.	1688 (1688)	Wing B871; ESTC R7544	1,712,835	942

they found no Enemy to oppose them and first let us speak of the Prince of Wales and of his Actions in this Expedition EDWARD the Black-Prince n Frois c. 155. being thus happily arrived in Gascogne as we shew'd before declared o Holinsh p. 951. M.S. Vet. Angl. in Bibl. C.C.C. Cantabr c. 230. to the Chief Captains and Lords of the Country the Reasons of his coming thither and fell immediately to advise with them how to proceed for the best Advantage in his Affairs After which having well refreshed his Souldiers and sufficiently augmented his small Forces on the * Lit. Dom. D. Fifth of October being a Monday he marched out of Bourdeaux in this Order In the Vanguard was the Earl of Warwick his Constable the Lord Reginald Cobham his Marshal the Lord Roger Clifford Son in Law to the Earl of Warwick the young Lord John Beauchamp of Somersetshire the Lord Richard Stafford Brother to the Earl of Stafford and Sr. John Wingfield an intimate Friend of his of the Lord Cobhams Retinue and seven stout Barons of Gascogne with 3000 Armed Men In the Main-Battail marched the Valiant Young Prince himself being now in the 25th Year of his Age with a double Ensign with him were the Earl of Oxford the Lord Bartholomew Burghersh or Burwash whose Father was then newly dead the Lord John Lisle the Lord John Willoughby of Eresby the Lord Roger de la Warre the Lord Maurice Berkley the Lord John Bourchier the Lord John Rose the Elder of Bourdeaux the Lord John Greilly Captal de la Buche the Lord of Chaumont and the Lord of Monferrand the Four latter being of Gascogne and in this Battail were 7000 Men of Arms. The Reer which contained 4000 Men of Arms was led by the Earls of Suffolk and Salisbury with whom was the Lord of Nemours who conducted the Carriages The whole Army consisted of better than 60000 Men one with another and being furnished with such a General and such Valiant and Expert Leaders might well be counted very formidable Wherefore the Earl of Armagnac who was Lieutenant to the French King in Languedoc Gaston Phoebus Earl of Foix James of Bourbon who was Lord of Ponthieu and Constable of France and the Lord John Clermont Marshal of France thô they had among them far p Frois c. 155. Mezeray p. 42. greater Numbers than the Prince and were more Powerfull in the Field if their Courage would have permitted a Tryal durst not either for Fear or as Mezeray softens it for jealousie of one another so much as once offer to stop his Victorious Progress Wherefore in little more than two Months time the Prince overran all the Country at his pleasure as far as Beziers and Narbonne burning the very suburbs of Narbonne or rather as will appear by and by the city it self and taking and destroying very many strong Towns and Castles all which are particularly and truly enumerated by Sr. Thomas de la More thô the Names of the Places are there most corruptly written for which reason as well as for the dryness and prolixity thereof we forbear to add the particulars here In this q Stow p. 255 c. Expedition on occasion of a Fire that happen'd one Night in a Town where he lodged he took a Resolution which he kept while he lived never to lie a Night in any Town in an Enemies Country in time of War. Being come to the strong City of Carcassone the Citizens offer'd him 25000 souses of Gold on Condition he would spare their Town from Fire but the Prince answer'd That he came not thither for Gold but to take Cities and Towns with their Inhabitants to succour and cherish his Friends and to offend his Enemies In this Expedition at several times the Prince Knighted all these Gentlemen Jenkin Barefort Giles Stratton Rowland Davis Ralph Basset the Sons of the Lord of Albret Theodorick Dale Porter of the Prince's Chamber and many others In lieu of all whom he lost only one but him a most Valiant and Noble Knight of the Order of the Garter named the Lord John Lisle who on the r Ashmole's Garter p. 673. Dugd. 1 Vol. p. 739. 14 of October received a Mortal wound with a stone from a Wall of which he died the next day to the infinite regret of the Prince and all who knew his Worth and Gallantry leaving behind him his Son and Heir Robert then 22 Years of Age. IV. But because a more particular account of this Expedition cannot better be expected than from the Mouthes of those who were actually concern'd therein besides the former Reference to Sr. Thomas de la More I shall take leave to subjoyn the Words of Sr. John Wingfield a Valiant Knight whose ſ Holinshead Engl. Chron. p. 952. ex Rob. Avesbury c. Ashmole p. 672. two Letters on this subject are most Worthy to be inserted that thereby the Reader may as by a Touchstone try the Truth of Authors who write of the same Matter A Copy of Sr. JOHN WINGFIELD's Letter to a certain Noble Lord then in England My Lord as touching News in these parts may it please you to understand that all the Earls Barons Bannerets Knights and Esquires were in Health at the writing hereof and my Lord the Prince hath not lost either Knight or Esquire in this Expedition except the Lord John Lisle who was slain after a strange manner with a Quarrel the third day after we were entred into our Enemies Country He died the 15 of October And please you to understand that my Lord hath rode thrô the Country of Armagnac and hath taken many enclosed Towns and burnt and destroy'd them except such as He fortified for himself After this He marched into the Vicountie of Rovergue where He took a good Town called Plaisance the Chief Place in that Country which He burnt and destroy'd with the Country round about the same This done He went into the Country of Estarrac wherein He took many Towns and wasted and ravaged all the Country Then He entred the County of Cominges and took many Towns there which He caused to be destroy'd and burnt together with all the Country round about He also took the Town of St. Bertrand the Chief in that Country being as large in compass as the City of Norwich in England After that He entred the County of t t L'Isle en Dodon Lille and took the greater part of the closed Towns therein causing several of them to be burnt and destroy'd as he passed Then going into the Lordship of Tholouse We passed the River of Garonne and another a League above Tholouse which is very great For our Enemies had burnt all the Bridges as well on the one side of Tholouse as the other except those within Tholonse for the River runneth thrô the Town And within this Town at the same time were the Constable of France the Marshal Clermont and the Earl of

M.S. p. 562. §. 60. St Tho. de la More p. 7. l. 28. revok'd all Fugitives and Exuls setting at Liberty all Prisoners and Malefactours thrô the Realm who themselves and their Friends flocking to London made no small addition to her Forces Moreover the Politick Queen h Sr Th. de la More p. 6. l. 44. Speed ibid. §. 59. gave out that the Pope had curst all her Enemies and their Abettors and for that end there were then with her in her Camp two Cardinals his Legates thô in truth there was no such matter But however this Report served to amuse those who were to be aw'd by Devotion and as for others whom terrour might dismay her Numbers were made formidable and her i St Tho. de la More p. 6. l. 40. Speed ibid. Forces excessively enhanced by Rumour beside 't was given out that the King of France was ready to follow with innumerable Forces to his Sisters aid And after all this which is the usual Method of Treason only Reformation and the publique Good was pretended For the Queen caused to be proclaim'd that none should fear the least harm or injury but only those who were known to be the Common Enemies of the King or Kingdom to wit the two Spencers Father and Son Robert Baldock k Ità Philipot's Catal. Chancel p. 34. Speed p. 562. Bp. Godwin dubitat sed non negat Catal. Bps. p. 425. then Bishop of Norwich and the King's Chancellour Walter Stapleton Bishop of Excoster with their Favourers who were called the Authours of these present Troubles And to take away all fear or jealousie from those who were willing to be quiet it was further proclaim'd that none of all her Army should presume to touch l Walsingh hist p. 101. For Acts c. p. 486. to the Value of three pence without the Owners leave on pain of loosing a Finger nor to the Value of six pence on pain of loosing a Hand nor to the Value of twelve pence on Peril of his Head. By these and the like fair Pretences the King's Friends were either wholly lull'd asleep or durst not shew their Heads for fear nor indeed could any not concern'd in the Plot imagine at that time that the Queen and the King's Son should ever prove so dangerous to the King 's own Person Wherefore not being able to provide for any probable Resistance after a few vain attempts to escape and to lye conceal'd he was taken and secur'd in Kenelworth Castle where he remain'd that Winter without knowing what would happen to him But in the Parliament met at Westminster in January he was depos'd as we shew'd before and his Son as his next Heir by the Consent of the Lords and Commons admitted to the Crown the Disloyal and ungratefull m Walsingh hist p. 107. n. 10. Churchill's Divi Britan. 38. Holinshead Engl. Chren p. 881. Archbishop of Canterbury thereupon preaching to the Assembly from these Words Vox Populi Vox Dei which Text hath since in our Days been resum'd to the same ungodly Purpose But yet even this Assembly which consisted mostly of such as had offended beyond hopes of Mercy n Holinshead ibid. the few Honest not daring to contradict them Publiquely and Solemnly protested that the Depos'd King should no ways be violated or injur'd in his Person but attended as a Prince all his Days with an Honourable and Sufficient allowance And thus indeed he lived for a while with good Comfort saving that he wanted the Company of his Queen whom he intirely loved but o Sr Tho. de la More vid. Article 9. contra Mortimer Rot. 4. Ed. 3. c. all his sweet Invitations by Letter were frustrated by the Vigilance of Mortimer who perswaded the Queen that his intent was only to Murther her if once he could get her into his power And oftentimes the Old King p Grafton p. 217. M. S. Vet. Angl. in Bibl. C. C. C. c. 215. would say to his Keepers Wherein have I offended Isabella my Wife or Edward my Son whom they have now made King that neither of them will let me speak with them or so much as see their Faces And still those who waited on him q Id. p. 213. M.S. id ibid. being then Persons of Honour and good Fashion answered him Most worthy Lord be not displeased if we declare the Truth unto your Highness it is because they are Both made to beleeve that You intend to stabb or strangle or some other way to destroy the Queen your Lady and your Son if you can get them into your hands Alas Alas reply'd the King Am not I here as a Prisoner and not in my own power but at your disposal God is my Witness I never had so bad a thought but I would to God I might leave this World that so I might end all my Fears and Troubles together This was the greatest of his Miseries and which he laid most to heart that he was never visited either by his Wife or any of his Children But even this Affliction the Distressed Prince bore with Christian Courage and Equanimity and by accustoming his Mind to Patience and Contemplation he began now to be in love with that easie and retired Life the Sweets whereof he ne're before had tasted The very Verses which he is r Daniels Hist p. 218. Ant. Wood Antiqu. Ox. l. 1. p. 101. l. 2. p. 103. Catal. Heno p. 158. Fabian p. 185. sic incipiunt Damnum mihi contulit tempore Brumali Fortuna satis aspera vehementis mali Nullus est tam sapiens mitis aut formosus Tam prudens Virtutibúsque caeteris famosus Quin stultus reputabitur satis despectus Si Fortuna prosperos avertat effectus c. said to have composed himself in this his Confinement for honour of that Princes both Learning and Piety and to satisfie the Curious I have hereunto annexed faithfully Translated from his Own which were Latine and in Rhyme after the manner of that Age. What time rough Winters blasts the Earth did tame Storms of ill Fortune shook my Glorious Frame There 's none so wise so mercifull and fair Prudent and shining with all Vertues rare But he 's by abject Wretches trampled down If Fortune once on his Endeavours frown That Hand that once did Grace to all dispence Can move no Heart to a Remorsefull Sense That Royal Face whose Smiles afforded Bliss With Clouds of dark Dishonour blackned is My Vassals-once do spurn me now And those Whom I esteem'd my Friends do prove my Foes Oh! who that heard how once they prais'd my Name Would think that from those Tongues these Slanders came But sinfull Soul why dost thou thus repine When justly humbled by the Hand Divine A Father's scourge is for our profit meant I see thy Rod and Lord I am content Chide me my Father till thou wilt give o're Afflict till thou art pleased to restore

but shortly after when the Truce was broken was deliver'd up to the French by the two Cardinals who were Guaranties of the Truce There this poor Gentleman being found was sent away Prisoner to Paris where he was soon after put in a Tumbrell or Dung-Cart to which he was fastned with Chains of Iron and so convey'd bare-headed with great noise and outcries of the People from the Castle down thrô the High-street of Paris till he came to the Bishops Palace where they deliver'd him up to the Bishop and he by vertue of a Commission purchas'd by King Philip from the Pope then and there degraded and deprived of all Degrees and holy Orders the said Master Henry and so deliver'd him back again to the Secular Power Then he was judged to stand in the Pillory at such an hour for three Days together in the most Publique place of the City but he was so cruelly pelted with rotten eggs apples and other filth and ordure of the City that on the third Day he was found dead and afterwards had no better burial than a Dog. King Philip not content with these severities to cool the affections of his Grandees at the same time beside those notable Subsidies which his Subjects of France had freely granted him to the maintenance of his Wars c Mezeray ad an 1344. Fabian p. 271. levied strange and unheard of Taxes and which was worse settled a Gabelle upon Salt for which cause our Edward by way of Raillery called him the Author of the Salique Law. This Impost which makes the Sun and Water to be sold was the Invention of the Jews Mortal Enemies to the Christian Name as the word Gabelle denotes which comes from the d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 terminavit Hebrew X. But to return when King Edward had received the News which Mr. Henry Malestroit brought him how the Lord Clisson and others had lost their Lives for his Sake he took deep e Frois c. 101. Mezeray ad hunc aunum Indignation at this Inveterate Malice of the French King's and was once in mind to have served the Lord Henry du Leon who was now his Prisoner in the same manner But his Cousin the Generous Earl of Darby shew'd to him and his Council such Reasons as alter'd his furious Intention and something calm'd his Passion Sir said he thô King Philip being stung with mortal Jealousie hath rashly done so base an Action as unjustly to put to Death such valiant and worthy Knights Yet for Gods sake let not the bright Splendour of your Name be sullied with any such black and shamefull Deed. And to say the Truth your Prisoner Sr. Henry as he was no way accessary to his Masters Fault so methinks ought not to find any harder Usage for the same but rather to be put to a reasonable Ransom as a Man of Honour taken in the Wars Hereupon the King who always was inclinable to hear Reason became something more pacified and sent for the Lord Henry du Leon to come before him at which time he spake thus unto him shaking his Head for anger Ah! Sr. Henry Sr. Henry Mine Adversary Philip de Valois hath shew'd in a most cruel manner his extream Tyranny unjustly to put to death such Worthy Knights Wherewith I am infinitely displeased althô I never held any Correspondence with any of them because I question not but he did it in despight of Us. And therefore if I would contend with him in Malice I could now serve you in like manner for you have done to Me and mine more displeasure in Bretagne than any other But this I will pass by and let Philip do his worst to our Power we shall preserve our Reputation and not care to imitate him in his ignoble and unprincely Actions Wherefore for my Cousin of Darby's sake who hath entreated me in your Behalf I am content to deliver you for a small Ransom on Condition you will do as I shall require you The Knight answer'd making a low Reverence Sir I shall readily do what you shall please to command me Then the King proceeded I know well you are one of the most substantial Knights in Bretagne and if I would be strict with you that you are well able to pay me thirty or fourty thousand f A Scute is 6 s. 8 d. Sterling Scutes But if you will engage upon your Honour to go to mine Adversary Philip de Valois and to shew him from me that since he hath so cruelly and unjustly put to Death such valiant Knights in Spight of Me I say and will prove that he hath broken the Truce taken between Me and Him wherefore also I renounce it utterly on my Part and from this Day forward mortally defie him This Message if you will truly perform your Ransom shall be but 10000 Scutes which you shall truly pay and send to Bruges within 15 days after you have crost the Seas And moreover you shall say to all Knights and Esquires of those Parts that for all this they forbear not to come to our Feast at Windsor for they shall be welcome to Us and enjoy the benefit of our safe Conduct as We have declared Sir replied the Knight to the best of my Power I shall perform your Commands and God reward your Majesty for the Great Clemency You are pleas'd to shew unto me And I heartily thank my Noble Lord of Darby for his Good word in my Behalf So Sr. Henry du Leon took his leave of the King and within a few days went on Board at Southhampton with intent to go to Harfleur in Normandy and so to Paris to deliver King Edwards Defiance But a storm took him in such a manner that being forced among other things to sling all his horses overboard he was beside so tossed and harassed that he never after recovered his Health thô at last he gain'd land at Crotoy in Picardy at the mouth of the River Somme From thence both he and all his Company were fain to foot it to Abbeville about five French miles journey where they gat Horses But Sr. Henry was so sick that he was fain to be carried in a Litter to Paris where he did his Message to King Philip very punctually but as he was returning homeward into Bretagne he died by the way at the City of Angiers just upon the Borders of his own Country A very noble and valiant but unfortunate Gentleman who never had any rest or comfort after he had betray'd his Master John of Montford in the City of Nantes as we have related XI In this very season before the Solemnity at Windsor was over King g Frois c. 102. Edward heard News from Gascoigne by the Lord De le Sparre the Lord of Chaumont and the Lord of Mucidan who were sent into England by the Lord De la Brett aliàs de Albreth the Lord of Pamiers the Lord of Montferant the Lord of Duras the Lord of Craon and

this latter is not a mistake of kin to the former About this time there e Ashmole p. 700. Stow ibid. Sr Thc. de la Mere. died in the parts of Gascogne on the Tuesday next after the Feast of St. Michael the Archangel Sr. Thomas Wale Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter being a Person of great Worth and Vertue So that of all the Stalls of the first Founders his first became void into which succeeded Reginald Lord Cobham of Sterborough Sr. Thomas Wale bare for his Arms Argent a Cross Sable and Sr. Reginald Cobham Gules Three Mullets Sable on a Cheveron Or. XI King f Stow p. 253 Edward understanding at this time that the Brittish Seas were infested with Pirates order'd seven Men of War to be fitted out with certain Pinnaces to attend them Of which Fleet Sr. Thomas Cook and Sr. Richard Tottlesham were Admirals who scoured the Seas about the Coasts of Picardy and Normandy and at last return'd with safety and Honour This Year g Knighton p. 2603. n. 20. William of Bavaria Son to Lewis the late Emperour of Germany and in his Mothers Right Earl of Hainalt Holland and Zealand came into England and Married by the Kings leave the Lady Mathilda Eldest Daughter to Henry Duke of Lancaster and Relict of Ralph Eldest Son of Ralph Earl of Stafford who dying three Years before left her a Fair young Widow This William was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine and lately upon his Mother the Lady Margaret her Death Earl of Hainalt c. But about six Years after upon what occasion is not known h Tune 's store-house p. 721. he fell distracted and slew a Knight with a blow of his Fist Whereupon he was shut up under a good Guard in hopes of Recovery his Brother Albert managing the Government in his stead till about 19 Years after he died in that sad Condition leaving no Issue by his Wife who continued in a manner a Widow during that long time of his Distraction XII This mean while Henry the Great Duke of Lancaster Father to the said Lady Mathilda when he saw the Truce taken between the two Realms the last Year being desirous to bestow what time was his own to the Honour of God and the propagation of Religion l Dudg 1 Vol p. 786. ex Pat. 25. Ed. 3. m. 6. obtained the Kings Licence to take a journey into Prussia there to fight against the Infidels In which Licence the King granted that in case he should depart this Life before his Return his Executors should retain all his Castles Lands and Mannors in their Hands till his Debts were discharged Together with this Noble Prince went at the same time k Monast Angl. 1 Vol. p. 728. b. n. 20. Dugd. 1 Vol. p. 550. William Lord Ros of Hamlake and several other Persons of Quality but the said Lord Ros died this Year before his Return in the 26 Year of his Age without Issue leaving Thomas his Brother Heir to his Great Inheritance then but 14 Years of Age. The Duke of Lancaster passing thus towards the Holy Land with a gallant attendance of Valiant Knights and Gentlemen was l Knighton p. 2603. n. 10. suddenly in High-Germany together with several of his Company arrested and obliged to lay down 300 Scutes of Gold for his Liberty Which affront we shall shortly find how ill he resented But however for the present he proceeded on his journey being honourably attended and convey'd from Country to Country by the special Command of those Christian Princes thrô whose Dominions he passed But before he came into Prussia he heard that a Truce for several Years had been already taken by the Christians and Pagans whereat being much displeased he returned back again the same way In his return m Knighton p. 2603. n. 30. c. Dudg 1 Vol. p. 786. b. c. Frois c. 153. Stow p. 253. Fabian p. 230. Grafton p. 292. Walsingh Hist p. 162. n. 14. being then at Cologne a certain German Knight informed him how the Duke of Brunswick was He who had caused him to be so arrested intending in favour of the King of France to have him secured and sent back unto the said King. Wherefore now he declared openly in the Cathedral of Cologne in presence of the Marquess of Juliers and many other Nobles how basely Otho Duke of Brunswick had caused him to be arrested with design to hinder his Pious Pilgrimage thô he had never given him any the least occasion of Offence as he knew having no acquaintance with him or knowledge of his Person And he affirmed that it did not become a Gentleman of Quality to deal so rudely with a Knight Stranger who had never offended him and that in case he had a mind to meddle he should find him ready to perform the part of a Souldier at any time Now when the Duke of Lancaster was safely return'd into England as he did before Ascension-day this Year these his Words were related in Order to the said Duke of Brunswick who thereupon presently sent a Challenge to the Duke of Lancaster in this form Otho by the Grace of God Duke of Brunswick Lord of Thuringen and Son to the Great Duke of Brunswick unto the Excellent Prince and Noble Duke of Lancaster Know You that the Words which You spake personally with your own proper Mouth in the Chief Church of Cologne by Name St. Peters on the Friday next after Easter last past before the Noble Prince the Marquess of Juliers and many other Worshipfull Knights and Esquires in the presence of the Citizens of the said City unadvisedly rashly and shamefully were false and by no means true Which things We will maintain by our own Body against your Body as a true and Loyal Lord is bound and obliged to demonstrate against a rash and false and wicked Man. And this We will perform between the Castle of Guisnes and St. Omers or where else the King of France our Lord shall assign a place For thither shall be brought a safe Conduct from the said King lest We should prolong the Matter Dated c. This Challenge being brought into England to the Duke unsealed n Stow ibid. lest he might expose himself to scorn by giving too much Credit to such unauthentick Letters he presently sent back unto Otho two Knights to learn the truth of the Matter and to demand thereupon his Letters Patents sealed with his Seal of Arms. Upon the return of these Knights with his Letters sealed he obtained leave of the King his Master and wrote back that by such a day he would not fail to meet him and by the Grace of God to maintain his Words in his own proper Person as Truth and Honour required Accordingly having with much adoe obtained a safe Conduct from France he furnished himself after his Quality and went strait over to Calais with 50 Knights in his Company