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A65095 A pleasant and compendious history of the first inventers and instituters of the most famous arts, misteries, laws, customs and manners in the whole world together with many other rarities and remarkable things rarely known, and never before made publick : to which is added, several curious inventions, peculierly attributed to England & English-men, the whole work alphabetically digested and very helpful to the readers of history.; De rerum inventoribus. English Vergil, Polydore, 1470?-1555.; Langley, Thomas, d. 1581. 1686 (1686) Wing V598; ESTC R21854 60,337 192

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with an Arrow by the suddain Eating of it is said to drive it out of her Body Celandine which is an Herb which is much used for the cure of decayed Sight was first perceived by the Swallow that uses to Heal the Eyes of her Young-ones with it The Boar in his Distemper cureth himself with Ivie The Storke first taught men the use of Glisters who finding her self very full purgeth with her crooked Bill in her Fundament The Weesel in combate with the Serpent preserveth it self with Rue and the Stork with Origany and in the same manner Nature hath taught other Creatures particular Medicines for their Distempers Painting as Pliny expresses Gyges a Lydian did first invent he devised Portrature in Aegypt In Greece Phyrrhus the Cousin of Dadolus according to Aristotles mind But Theophrastus saith that Polignotus an Athenian was the instituter of it yet Pliny neither agreeth with Theophrastus nor yet with himself for in the Thirty-fifth Book he saith that Polignotus a Thalian did first Paint Women in single Apparrel and trimed their Heads with Kalls of sundry colours The Aegyptians say that they had that Art Six-hundred years before it arrived at Greece And the Greecians affirmeth that it was begun by the Siconians and some of the Corinthians Albeit the most Authentick Authors affim it took its original from the drawing of a man with Lines in the process of time it was made more glorious with colours Drawing of Pictures with Lines and Shaddows Philodes an Aegyptian or Cleanthes a Corinthian devised Telephanes a Siconian and Ardices of Corinthus found this Art first without colours and Cleophantes of the same Countrey invented colours Appollodorus was highly esteemed for the Pensil In the same expertness Timageras Pythyas Polignotus Aglaophon with others that Pliny reciteth in his Twelft Book excelled And Baphael Sanctus as also Vrbinate was very lively in expressing of the Face since many others that stood on their Shoulders have perpetuated their Names Paper before the invention of it men used to Write in Leaves of Date Trees and sometimes on the Bark of Trees Afterwards they Wrote their minds publickly on Plates or Sheets of Lead and their private Affaires in Tables of Wax for Tables as Homer expresses were before the Sige of Troy Paper was first devised by King Alexander as Varro saith it was first made of Fenny Rushes that grew in the Marsh ground of Aegypt But Pliny will have it that it was used in the time of King Numa that Reigned Three-hundred years before Alexander and his Books which were found in a Chest of Stone in a Field by L. Pitilius a Scribe which were Written in Paper In process of time Paper that we now use was invented it was made of Linnen-cloath beaten together in Mills for that use Parchment as Varro Writes was found in Pergamus although the Jewish Historians as Josephus expresses used Parchment they Wrote also in Goats and Sheeps Skins in former times as Herodotus declares Printing that rare Art and Mistery which hath preserved the best Authors from the danger of corruption was first found out in Germany at Mogunce by one John Cuthenbergus a Knight he invented also the Ink that PRINTERS Use sixteen years after Printing which was in the year of our Lord 1458. One Conradus an Almaine first brought it into Rome Nicholas Johnson a French-man did very much polish it and now it is dispersed through most parts of the World This Noble Art was first to Print Letters in Tin Lead and other mixt Mettall 't is a Divine and Heavenly invention but it would have been more Marvellous if it had not been so common It is strange and scarcely to be spoken but 't is as true as truth it self that one Printer may Print so many Letters in one day that the swiftest Scrivner or Writer is not able to do so much in a year This Art was at the beginning in great Admiration and of no less Lucre and Profit It was first undertaken with more boldness and confidence then any certainty and it was about Eeighteen years afterwards before it was common in Italy But by the industry of man's Wit it grew to that perfection that it is now arrived to Truly it had gone ill with all good Discipline if it were now to have its beginning seeing that for the most part people are grown so effeminate and such epicures for here Learning is not Al-a-mode many of our Gentry will scarce take up Books if they lay in the High-wayes which in times past were valued more then if every Leafe had been in Beaten Gold that the greatest sums of Money would have been given for them If this Art had not been found out in a convenient and happy time the Noble Acts of all Nations had never been so manifest to the Word In like manner the memory of Ancient antiquity had not been so restored and the Divine Wisdome of the Phylosophers had been in danger of being lost whatsoever hath laine obscure in a few written Copies these many Ages is now by this Art set forth to all immortality Poetry is a most excellent Art for it comprehends all other Sciences This Art is only given of Nature by a Divine inspiration without which Democritus affirmeth there could never be excellent Poets for it proceedeth not so much from Art or Precepts as from the Divine inspiration and Spiritual power and therefore Ennius called Poets Holy because they have a special prerogative The beginning of this Art is very Ancient and as Eusebius saith it flourished first amongst the Hebrews that were long before the Greeks For Moses the great Captain of the Jews at that time he led the Children of Israel out of Aegypt into the Land of Promise passing the Red-Sea which by the power of God gave place to them inspired by the Holy Ghost made a Song of Hexameter Verses to render thanks to God for that deliverance And David the Holy Prophet of God after he was dispatched and freed from all his troublesome and dangerous affairs in War and had escaped the Assaults and Conspiracies of Treason living in happy and prosperous times of Peace devised many pleasant Tunable Hymnes for the praise of God in sundry kinds of Meter For as St. Hierome saith the Psalter of David is in as good Number and Measure as either the Greek Planudes or the Latine Horace sometimes in Alcens Numbers sometimes in the Metre of Sappho sometimes with half measures What is more stately and high then the Song of Moses in Deutrinomy and of Isaiah more ancient then Solomons more perfect then Job we may more highly ascribe the invention of it to the Hebrews 't is nevertheless to be acknowledged that Orpheus and Linus and after them Homer and Hesiod did publish and adorn this Art with all manner of rich Furniture The Romans received it not till of latter times for Livius Andronicus as Tully writes in the year 513 after the City was Builded Cains Claudius Cento and
first to play on them Pan found out the Pipe of small Reed to delight and please his Mistress Syrinx Timarias was the first that playd on the Harp and Lute with Ditties and Amphion was the first that sung to the Lute The Troglodites a People of Aethiopia were the first that found out the Dulcimer Pises a Tyrrhen or Tuscan found out the brazen Trumpet and the Tuscans were the first that used it in War Others say that it was Dyrcaeus an Athenian who taught it the Lacedemonians who maintaining a long War against the Messenians had this answer from the Oracle of Appollo that if they would win the field they must have a Captain of Athens The Athenians in despight sent them Dyrcaeus a lame fellow with one eye who notwithstanding did receive him and made use of his Counsel who taught them to play on Trumpets which were so dreadful to the Messenians because of the strangness of the noise that they fled and so the Lacedemonians became immediately Victorious The Arcadians were the first that brought Musical Instruments into Italy and some do write that the Lacedemonians in War did use Clarions Shalms Rebecks to the intent that when they were ready to sight they might be kept in better order Halyalies King of the Lydians had in the battell against the Milesians Pipers and Fidlers playing together the Cretians when they went to War had Lutes going before them to Moderate their pace Magick took its beginning from Phisick and was the invention of Zoroastes King of the Bacthrians who raigned eight hundred years after the Seige of Troy The same time that Abraham and Ninus raigned about three Thousand one Hundred Fourscore and five Years after the Creation of the World Lactantius and Eusebius think it was set forth amongst other divelish Sciences by the evil Spirits and Pliny calleth it of all the Arts the most deceiptful It is compacted of Phisick superstition and the Mathematical Arts. The Thessalians were especially accused with the frequent use of this practice the first Writers of this Art were said to be Hosthunes Pythagoras Empedocles Democritus Plato who with divers others Sailed into far Countries to learn it Wherein Democritus was reported to have been the most famous three hundred years after the City was builded in which time Hippocrates published the Art of Phisick The Monks those of Olivet sprung up as a Fruit of disorder the same year that the variance was amongst three Bishops and were instituted by Barnardus Ptolomeus the year of our Lord 1407. under Gregory the 12th The faction of Grandimonsers began by Steven of Anern in Aquitane or Guyen the year of our Lord 1076 under Alexander the Second and had their Title of the Mountain where their Abbey stood A little after the same time Robert Abbot of Molisme in Cisterium a Forrest in Burgundy did insinuate the order of Cistercians though some ascribe it to one Ordingus a Monk that perswaded Robert to the same about the year of our Lord 1098. under Urbane the Second of this order was the great Clark St. Bernard The other orders of them as also of the Hieronymians Canons White-Friers Crouch-Friers to mention them as they are so numerous would be too tedious Martyrs of them our Saviour Christ was the first Witness and was incarnate to be so for the Truth he had for his Blessed and True Testimony the envy of the Jews insomuch that they persecuted him to the vile Death of the Cross for his most sacred record and report of the Truth and they did no less persue the Apostles and Messengers of the Truth For when they following the Example of their Master did openly declare the word of Truth and namely Peter did sorely rebuke the wickedness of the Jews for putting to Death our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ the Author of Life advertising of them to repent and amend The Jews were so furious that they Murthered Stephen as the Acts of the Apostles testifies because he was a Fervent and Zealous Witness of the Truth This Stephen did two years continually after Christs Death dispute with all the Learned men of Alexandria Cyrene Cilicia and Asia and by Heavenly Wisdome confounded all their Worldly Reason and Humane Learning for which they were so poisoned with Malice against him that they violently Thrust him out of the Citty and then cruelly stoned him to Death Thus Stephen was the first open maintainer and defender of our Christian Religion Afterwards St. Luke the Evangilist found such bitter and sharp persecutions did burst out against the Christians that were in Jerusalem that they were enforced to stray abroad and were scattered throughout all Jewry and Samaria saving that the Apostles remained and Sojourned at Jerusalem Notwithstanding this persecution was a great furtherance of the Gospel by reason they ceased not but Preached still the Word every where to the great advance and augmentation of the number of the Faithfull Amongst the Heathen Nations Nero in the 13th year of his Reign was the first that persecuted our Religion universally and put St. Peter and St. Paul to Death and consequently many other Innocents were slain cruelly For out of a Bloody mind he had he could not spare his own Countrey but either for displeasure of the ruinous Houses which he was exasperated to behold or else desirous to see a resemblance of the Burning of Troy he set on fire the most part of the Citty of Rome with so huge a flame that it burnt six Days and six Nights continually to the Impoverishing of many Thousands of the Cittizens Then to mitigate that shamefull and abominable Crime he forged false Witnesses that the Christians were guilty of that Enormious Fact and so Thousands of Innocents for Religion were most cruelly put to Death for the Tyrants pleasure and to obdurate and harden himself in mischief he proclaimed an open Persecution against all that professed the Name of Christ Not long after Domitian in the 12th year of his Reign renewed another Persecution he caused St. John to be put into a Vessel of burning Oyl whereof he received no hurt Trjan raised a third The fourth Marcus Antonius Lucius Anrelius Commodus stirred up The fifth Persecution was under the Emperour Severus Maximinius procured the sixth Decius the seventh The eighth Valerius The ninth began under the Emperour Aurelianus The tenth was by the Command of the Emperour Dioclesian and Maximianus Herculeus this Persecution was far more cruell and general then any of the rest insomuch that Dioclesian in the occient and Maximinian in the occident destroyed all the Churches and tormented the Christians with most horrid Cruelties The Books of Scripture were Burned Churches plucked down Christian Magistrates that were in any Office were deposed Souldiers were enforced to deny their Faith or else to be deprived of their Estates or loose their Lives Neither were the three cruel Tyrants Mezentius Licinus and Maximinianus behind for their parts but were as insatiate for Christian Blood As