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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A12609	The Ottoman of Lazaro Soranzo VVherein is deliuered aswell a full and perfect report of the might and power of Mahamet the third, great Emperour of the Turkes now raigning: together with the interestes and dealinges which he hath with sondrie other princes, what hee is plotting against the state of Christendome, and on the other side what we may practise and put in execution against him to his great damage and annoyaunce. As also a true description of diuers peoples, countries, citties and voyages, which are most necessarie to bee knowen, especially at this time of the present warre in Hungarie. Translated out of Italian into English, by Abraham Hartvvell.; L'ottomano. English.	Soranzo, Lazzaro.; Hartwell, Abraham, b. 1553.	1603 (1603)	STC 22931; ESTC S117656	132,559	234

THE OTTOMAN OF LAZARO SORANZO VVherein is deliuered aswell a full and perfect report of the might and power of Mahamet the third Great Emperour of the Turkes now raigning together with the Interestes and dealinges which he hath with sondrie other Princes what hee is plotting against the State of Christendome and on the other side what we may practise and put in executition against him to his great damage and annoyaunce As also a true Description of diuers peoples Countries Citties and Voyages which are most necessarie to bee knowen especially at this time of the present Warre in Hungarie Translated out of Italian into English by ABRAHAM HARTVVELL LONDON Imprinted by Iohn Windet 1603. TO THE MOST Reuerend Father in God the Lo. Archbishop of Canterbury his Grace of all England Primate and Metropolitane one of the Lords of her Maiesties most honourable priuy Councell my singular good Lord and Maister MOst Reuerend father in God and my singular good Lord It pleased your Grace in the beginning of Michaelmas terme last to demand of me a question touching the Bassaes and Visiers belonging to the Turkish Court and whether the chiefe Visier were promoted and aduanced to that high supereminent authority aboue the rest according to his priority of time and antiquity of his being Bassa or according to the good pleasure and election of the Graund Turke himselfe wherein although I did for the present satisfie your Grace to your contentment by the smal skill knowledge which I haue in those Turkish affaires yet bethinking my selfe of this Discourse which hauing been by me translated out of the Italian tongue had passed the Print had lyen by me these two years not published to the viewe of this English world vpon some speciall considerations that moued me for the time to conceale the same I thought it would bee a very acceptable and pleasing matter now to thrust it forth for the better satisfaction of your Grace and others that are desirous to vnderstand the ful truth estate of that tirannical and Mahameticall Empire The Booke was written and penned by one Lazaro Soranzo a Venetian Gentleman in the yeare 1598. at what time Mahamet the thirde of that name now raigning was expected to haue entended warre vpon the State of Christendome eyther in his owne persō or by sending forth some one of his Bassaes or Visiers to bee his Generall in that action whereupon the Gentleman author of this Discourse beganne to enter into a very deepe and subtle consideration of al the designments purposes which the Turke and his Councell had plotted at home against the poore distressed seuerall States commō wealths of the christian Empire hauing performed the same did publish it in print for the general plesure benefite both of his own country and also of al others that may haue any interest in so waighty important a busines In which treatise if he haue somewhat trespassed by terms and wordes against the Caluinists the error will soone be pardoned if we shall remember that he is but a relator of others opinions speeches though himself indeed be greatly addicted to the popish religion and the maintenance thereof It containeth first a perfect and true discouery of the present estate wherin that Easterne Empire now standeth together with a speciall report of the reuenewes and forces thereof secondly the particular discourses that were made where and vpon what parte of Christendom this war should be first attēpted and thirdly a most christian resolute aduise giuen by the author to all Christian Princes how they may cōbyne confederate themselues togither in this sacred war be able euery way to meete withall or any of these Turkish deuises plots wheresoeuer whensoeuer they shall be put in practise which aduise I wold to God might deeply and foundly sinke into the heartes and mindes of all our western princes to the end they might ioyne altogether with prayer and force to eclipse that cressant Moone being now I hope at the full and according to the Turkes owne fearefull presages as it is mentioned in the 83. page of this little worke like vtterly to bee extinguished whensoeuer it shall please the Moderator of all kingdomes to call away this present fatall Mahamet who dooth as yet domineere in that vaste and huge tyrannie I was once minded my most gracious good Lord to haue added hereunto a more ample discourse of the estate forces and reuenues of that Empire comprehended in a Treatise entituled Il Turco vincibile in Hongheria viz. That the Turke is vanquishible and to bee ouerthrowne in Hungary written by an other Italian Gentleman called Achillis Tarducci of the Marquisate of Ancona But the time preuēted me so that I could not couple them together according to my desire And therfore I most hūbly beseech your Grace to accept of this my poore trauell being performed by starts and at idle houres which I should ought to haue employed in your more serious seruices not doubting but that if it shall please God to adde any moe yeares to this my Quinquagenarian yere of Iubile for which I most hartily thanke his diuine Maiesty I shal be hereafter if not more able yet assuredly more willing to discharge my dutie to your Grace and my country by doing some further seruice that may be pleasing acceptable to any indifferēt reader In the meane time I do hereby as I am bound wholy deuote my selfe to your seruice beseeching the Almightie still to preserue maintaine your Grace in al health honor and happines to the continuation of the peace of this English Church and the comfort of all your friendes and followers Among whome I must acknowledge myselfe though the least and the worst yet in all dutie and affection Your Graces most loyall faithfull and obedient seruant A. H. At your Graces house in Lambhith the first of Ianuarie 1603. The Preface EVen as for Princes that would learne wel to gouerne and maintaine them selues aswell in time of peace as of warre there is no one thing more necessarie then the knowledge first of their owne affaires and next of the state of other principalities as those do write who haue the greatest vnderstanding in ciuil causes as Experience it selfe doth manifestly declare so is it most fit and cōuenient for them to vse their vttermost care diligence that they may haue perfect skill discretion to iudge betweene truth and falshood For if the second part of their knowledge I meane touching other mens states Principalities for of the first it is not my purpose to discourse bee not founded and established vpon truth it will neuer be possible that their counsailes shall sort to any profite or aduauntage because it is well knowne that a false information either of a speech or of an Astion or of a place may oftentymes breed no lesse damage and daunger then a Counseller that is either of small capacitie or else a

make no mo but twentie in all at the most And besides that the said state of Venice hath not happily that good intelligence with all the rest of the Christian princes which in such a case were needfull for it but the Turkes are therein greatly deceiued And to be short seeing it hath spent great store of golde in discharging the debtes of the Treasurie whereinto it had runne by the last warres and by building many fortresses it will be found peraduenture not so well prouided and furnished with money And lastly that all that state being verie full of forts it is impossible at one time to keepe them all well fenced and sufficiently strengthned But for as much as it seemed that the greatest part of the Visiers did concurre in this opinion but yet varied among themselues how to attempt this enterprise I will set downe their differences in particularitie Sinan the Albanian of Topoiano a town of the Sangiaccheship of Preseremo who died the last yeare of a naturall death but peraduenture somewhat discontented because the warre of Hungary succeeded not according to his mind and yet some thinke rather that he died of poyson hee perswaded that Corfu should be attempted vnder the pretence of 3. hundred Duckats a yeare due to the Emperiall Chamber of Turkie euer since the yeare 1537 for La Bastia because it was yeelded to the Corfiottes but vpon that condition La Bastia is a wast and desert place being vnder a towne of the Turkes in Epirus twelue miles right ouer against Corfu neare to the Salt pittes which are in the Turkes possession at the mouth of the riuer Calamatta and is the principall port and Staple for the Marchandizes which come from a great part of Greece to bee imbarked at Corfu But in verie deed Sinan endeuoured to perswade this attempt because the Fortresse of Corfu was thought to be vnuanquishable both by Nature and by Arte and hee being exceedingly ambicious to atchieue the name and title of a great Conquerour was so bold and hardie especially vpon the exployte which he did at Goletta as to promise to himselfe a verie easie conquest of this also as in truth hee did not sticke to vaunt that he could performe it when he passed by Corfu in his victorious returne from the enterprice of Goletta Ferat who was called Carailam that is to say the Black-Serpent and died also the last yeare being by Mahomet caused to bee strangled how wisely and considerately I leaue to the iudgement of those that vnderstand matters of state better then I do For he was accused to haue practised intelligence with the Tartarian of Crimo that he should refuse to come to the Turkish campe because Ferat himselfe was not Generall thereof and to haue endeuoured also a reconciliation for Michael the Vaiuode and the Trāsiluaniā both at one time by giuing the court to vnderstād that they had not rebelled for any hatred which they caried indeed against the Turks but rather vpon an indignation conceiued agaynst Sinan Al which he laboured onely of purpose to bring the said Sinan into disgrace whom hee helde to bee his most capitall enemie because hee was made Masul that is to say hee was degraded for the tumult and stirre that fel out betweene the Iannizzaries and the Spahoglanes at the circumcision of the now-reigning Turke This Ferat aduised that Catharo should bee conquered because he thought that the saide Fortresse did keepe Castell Nuouo as it were in bondage and that it was the principall key of Dalmatia of the Adriatike Sea and of Venice And also that hee being borne at Adronici a Castell of Albania could verie well know euen from his yongest yeares that the said Fortresse which is famous in that prouince was of so great importance as in truth it is I haue somewhat inlarged this Discourse of the particulars touching Sinan and Ferat because I haue had occasion many times as I shall also haue hereafter to make mention of them as the most principall men in this Empire and in this warre Sinan Cicali an errant enemie to the state of Venice for the reasons which we haue aboue alledged he perswaded that Cerigo should bee attempted for the selfe-same causes for which he calleth it the Lanterne of the Archipelago and the spie of the Turkish actions especially for that it is manifestly perceiued and seene how the Christians may easily passe ouer into Morea out of this Island So did Damaratus king of the Lacedemonians when he was banished out of his kingdom aduice and counsell Xerxes that if he would attaine to the Lordship and gouernment of Greece hee must possesse himselfe of this Island which at this time was called Cythera Other Bassaes there were which held opinion that to be reuenged of the spoyles and robberies committed by the Vscocchi of whom I will speake somewhat hereafter and to meete with other their wrongs and iniuries they should surprize Nouigrad and Zara or at the least that the Venetians should be inforced and of necessity constrained by that means to be bound to pay al the losses and damages which those rouers and theeues had wrought against the Turkes both by land and by sea For the Venetians had denied to be bound to make any such recompence because in the publike Bookes and Registers of Constantinople there was not to bee found any agreement or any payment for the same as in truth there was not The same Bassaes also were of opinion that it were fit the Venetians should bee spoyled and bereaued of their Fishings at Buthroto which at this day is corruptly called Butintro a place directly ouer against Corfu and ten miles somewhat more West of La Bastia Wherunto they were moued not because the Turkes were neuer heretofore possessed of them although the Venetians had possessed the same long before the Turkes had any possession in Albania but onely because there runneth a rumour among them that the said fishings are rented at a hundred thousand duckats where as in deed there is no more payed for them then six thousand or thereabouts Some other Bassaes were of opinion that the Turkish fleete should vpon a sodaine go forth with a good wind either from Morea or from the gulfe of Lepanto or from Preuesa or else from Velona and run all along the coastes of the Adriaticall sea with a full resolution to surprise that part that should bee found most cōuenient and commodious for them Which course they did thinke would very easily sort to verie good purpose because they presumed that all the places which lay vpon the sea might verie fitly bee annoyed also vpon the land for that the Turkes haue almost all that Countrey in their possession These Bassaes likewise aboue all other attempts propounded the easinesse and also the great importance of possession Pola and Ragugia The one because it is a Citie which is altogither disinhabited

of all those Countries he shall also haue a more readie and easie passage into the fairest and goodliest part of the world which is the verie vttermost scope and end of all the Ottoman designements For that euen as he hath a free way to come to Vienna by passing betweene the Danow and the Draua in lower Hungarie and so without any impediment to Giauerino a Fort that by the aduice of Alfonso Duke of Ferrara was caused to be made at the verie selfe same time that Soliman arriued there by the selfe same way and where at this day also being possessed by the Turks in maner and sort as Philippo Pigafetta hath written they may easily passe to trouble and vexe both Astria and Stiria So if hee should be possessed of Vienna hee may without all doubt the more easily assault Italie by two other wayes which I haue not as yet named The one is by the way of Tiroll descending by the Alpes of Trento into the Champaignes of Verona where Alarico entered or by those of Bassano which is a way that hath beene often vsed by the Dutche the other is that of Villaco wich commeth directly from Vienna and meeteth either at Frioli or at Venzone or at Ciuidale The Turkes also in such a case may take another way which was heretofore made by the Barbarians that is to say the way of Tolmezo in Carnia which may also meete at Cadore but that shall not be to any great purpose for them But for as much as among those things which hinder the Emperour from such aydes and succours as he desireth and as without all doubt would be most sit and conuenient for this present businesse there are three especially that are worthy of greatest consideration it shall not be amisse to touch them § XVII THe first thing is the voice that runneth amongst the many Protestants of the Empire that if his Emperial Maiestie should become the cōqueror of the Turke they shall bee of necessitie enforced to yeeld obedience to the Pope of Rome as they call him a matter that is abhorred by the common sort of people but much more by the great Princes and Potentates there by the great Princes especially because they haue vsurped a dominion vpon the greatest Ecclesiasticall liuings and reuenues by the common people because they are perswaded therevnto by the Protestant Ministers as namely by the Caluinists and Lutherans who doe resolutely aduise them rather to obey the Turke then the Pope and therefore Caluanisme is a kind of disposition to Mahametisme as many very learned men haue written Besides that both the great Potentates also the common Subiects there haue suffered themselues most easily to be perswaded to this impietie and vngodlinesse onely in regarde of the most sensuall and licencious life which they are thereby permitted to lead The second thing is which is so peremptorily disputed by many that the Emperor is to make peace with the Turke because the Empire sheweth it selfe so backewarde and faint to relieue him as well for that it feareth to spend her treasure to no purpose as also for that it being of it selfe enclined to peace it doeth willingly take aduauntage of this occasion which also ministreth matter to many Christian Princes especially to the Polack and to the Venetians that they doe not stirre eyther little or much against the Turke because they suspect they shall bee abandoned and forsaken when the cause is at the best and that they shall spend themselues without any gaine or profite And it seemeth that it is made the more credible by this for that it is malitiously giuen out and published to the world by those Imperialists which haue no greate inclination towardes that most religious house of Austria vz. That the Emperour is not greatly inclined to warre That hee keepeth himselfe continually retyred in Bohemia in Prage in his pallace because hee feareth some violent death whereunto hee is the rather induced eyther by reason of the conspiracie which was lately discouered or of that which a certaine Englishman called Dee foretold him a matter in sooth no lesse superstitious then vnworthie to bee apprehended and beleeued by a Prince that is so wise and feareth God But certainely if it were true that the Emperour either for these or for som other reasōs did now incline toward peace it had beene more safe counsell and aduise for him to haue resolued on it euen in the beginning and at the first rather then at this time in regarde of such reasons as I haue heretofore declared and also more at large in a certaine discourse which I haue made vpon this point euen to this day And thus also was Archduke Ferdinando aduised by Peter the Vaiuode of Moldauia who if he had not dyed in the yeare 1594. in the mountaines of Bolzano was vtterly resolued though hee was a man of the Greekish sect and religion to haue come and kissed the feet of our Pope as I haue declared in due order and place The thirde and last thing is That if the Empire on the one side bee not willing to contribute to so great expenses vnlesse the Conquestes that may bee made and atchieued become vnited to the Empire it selfe and if the Emperour on the other side will not consent thereunto by reason of the pretenses and challenges which hee hath to Hungarie being a state of his own it seemeth that both the one partie and the other doe propound matters so difficult that none of them are likely to bee effected True it is that wee ought to thinke and belieue that the Emperour knoweth full well if hee should shew himselfe contented to doe that which the Imperiall Princes doe request at his handes hee should thereby preiudice himselfe yet those Princes would afterwardes forbeare to doo that in deedes which they offer in wordes And thus much let bee sayde touching the Emperour § XVIII NOw touching the Prince of Transyluania who may now serue as the Second Champion in stead of the former King of Hungarie there is no doubt to be made but that hee is both in religion and in heart a most fierce and eagre enemie agaynst the Turkes That which hee hath done hitherto say what they list of him such as either are not well informed or too affectionate and passionate in the cause doth yeeld vnto all the world a most cleare and manifest testimonie that hee is no lesse braue in bestirring himselfe to fight and resolute in his courses then fortunate in his actions and euen such a one as the auncients required a Captaine to be And this not by the fauour of fabulous fortune but in truth by the grace of that Lord who in the holy Scriptures is called the Lord of Hostes by whom like a new Dauid or Iudas Machabaeus hee is louingly defended and protected He is also greatly feared of the Turkes by reason of certaine popular and common predictions of theirs