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A50007 The history of the reign of Lewis the Great till the general peace concluded at Reswick in the year 1697 by Mr. Le Gendre ; made English from the third edition of the French.; Essai de l'histoire du regne de Louis le Grand jusques à la paix générale 1697. English Le Gendre, Louis, 1655-1733. 1699 (1699) Wing L944; ESTC R12498 179,772 352

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inhabited by the last and that a good number of Prudent and Zealous Missionaries should be sent among them who by their Instructions and good Examples might bring back these lost Sheep to the Sheep-fold To back their Zeal and Endeavours by his Royal Authority he promised ample Rewards Honours and Privileges to such of his Subjects as would return into the bosom of the Church and to punish those that remain'd obstinate he not only excluded them from his Household and all other employments of Honour or Profit but order'd also that Soldiers should be quarter'd in their Houses till such time that they might be prevail'd upon to change their Opinion In such a case as this it is not sufficient to give good and wholesome Instructions there being a certain benummedness as it may be said in Mankind which oweing its Off-spring to a long Custom makes them look with too much indifferency after the means of their Salvation unless they be spurr'd on by fear Most Men are so prepossessed with prejudices especially if degenerated into a habit of carelesness that they think it scarce ever worth their while to make a due search after Truth unless they be forc'd thereunto by the apprehensions of danger and the desire of living in quiet The King order'd all the Courts of Justice erected by vertue of the Edict of Nantes to be abolish'd and in lieu of them made several Laws in favour of the Catholick Religion which debarr'd them from that pernicious liberty of abjuring the true Religion and those of the Protestants who had embrac'd it to return to their former Errors and Heresie under severe punishments to shut up all such Churches as receive them and to forbid the Ministerial Function to their Preachers But these were too fond of maintaining and encouraging their Faction to give ear to the King's Commands who to punish their disobedience order'd many of their Churches to be pull'd down and laid level with the ground especially in such places where the had exercis'd their Divine Worship contrary even to those Edicts which were made in their behalf It is in this place that with all the reason in the World may be apply'd this saying That there are certain Truths which appear so little probable that they resemble more a Fable than Truth it self Will it not appear incredible to Posterity when they shall read that we have seen in our times so strong a Faction dwindle away to nothing without any violence or commotion For in four or five Years time whole Cities were re-united to the Obedience of the Church who had this comfort to see by the conduct of her eldest Son Two Millions of her Children return into her Bosom Thus the King in the Year 1685 on the 22th of October annull'd the Edicts of Nantes and Nismes their Churches were all laid level with the Ground their Ministers banish'd the Kingdom and Calvinism was entirely rooted out without the least commotion As by these so many and great Actions the love which the People bore to the King encreased more and more every Day so it is scarce to be express'd with what a general consternation the whole Kingdom was seiz'd when about a Year after his Life was in danger For seven or eighth Months before In Decem. 1678. he had been much out of order having at several times been seized either with a Fever or some other Distemper till at last it breaking out into an Ulcer an incision was judg'd the only remedy against the Evil which being applied accordingly prov'd so dangerous that he could not possibly have escaped with his Life if the Fever had return'd But the cause of it is attributed by many to the excess of fear which seizes the faint hearted Patient in such an operation so the King having born it without the least commotion he scarce found any alteration having receiv'd the visits of many the same Day appear'd in Council the next and during the whole time he was afflicted with this Evil which lasted above five Weeks he manag'd all State-Affairs and dispatch'd his Orders with the same activity as he was us'd to do before As long as he was judg'd to be in danger the whole Kingdom offer'd up their Vows for his recovery Nothing was more frequent than to see the Handycrafts Men leave their Employments and to run in prodigious numbers to the Churches which were always full from Morning till Night the People flocking in vast numbers to Pray for the King's Health But as they had given most evident proofs of their sorrow and grief hitherto so they strove to out-do one another in their demonstrations of Joy at his Recovery the rejoycings made upon this Occasion being risen to that degree of extravagancy that it was judged convenient to put a stop to them by publick Authority But if his recovery fill'd all his Subjects with joy and satisfaction his Enemies jealous of his greatness were the more surprised when they found themselves deceiv'd in their expectation It was above a Year since the Prince of Orange the Ministers of the Emperor and the Duke of Neuburgh had fomented the jealousie which the other Princes of Europe had conceived at our King's Prosperity The Duke of Neuburgh especially being a very active Prince and a great Politician who never miss'd the least opportunity of promoting his own Interests had made many Cabals against France especially in Germany and Spain where by his perswasions he animated these Princes to enter into a League against us insinuating to them the danger that threatned them sm●e the conclusion of the Truce made at Ratisbonne in the Year 1684 which he represented to them more disgraceful than the Peace it self made at Nimeguen and that therefore it would be more for their Interest to take up Arms for the recovery of their Losses and Reputation an open War being less dangerous than to suffer France to bid defiance to them in the midst of Peace that they could scarce hope for a more favourable juncture than this the present greatness of France being owing to their King whose health being now impaired to that degree as not to be able to get on Horseback and to animate his Subjects by his Presence These insinuations and intrigues were at last so prevailing that in the Year 1686 in July an Alliance was concluded at Augsburgh against France betwixt the Emperor the King of Spain the States-General of the United Provinces the Elector Palatin and the Electors of Brandenburgh and Saxony many Catholick and generally all the Protestant Princes of Germany After the taking of Luxemburgh and the conclusion of the Truce the King had shewn more inclin●… than ever to maintain the Peace of Christendom he had let the Emperor gain several Battles and Conquer a whole Kingdom without any opposition or making the least Diversion which might in all probability have prevented the Imperialists from extending their Conquests and ruining the Ottoman Empire which seem'd at that time to
Siege cost the Enemy such a vast number of brave Men that a conquest bought at so dear a rate may well be judged less advantageous when attended with such fatal Consequences For the Confederate Army was reduc'd to so ill a condition after this Siege that the French who observ'd them narrowly in all their motions soon after oblig'd them as they did the Year before to seek for Winter-Quarters in their own Territories and to recruit their broken Troops The next following Year the King open'd the Campaign with the Conquest of Valenciennes Cambray and St. Omer Campaign of 1677. and a Signal Victory obtain'd over the Confederate Army in a pitch'd Battle one of the most famous Expeditions that has been undertaken for these several Ages past whether in consideration of the renown and strength of the abovementioned Places or in respect of the little time the King spent in conquering them in a Season when for want of Forage there was but small likelihood of succeeding in such an Enterprise The City of Cambray is Situate at the very entrance of Flanders where it joyn'd on our Frontiers and was consequently very incommodious to us the Garrison having often carried Fire and Flame into our Territories as far as the Isle of France from whence they used to draw great Contributions sufficient to entertain a good number of Troops who frequently play'd the Masters over us in these parts when for the rest we gave Laws to all the Spanish Netherlands The Situation of St. Omer was such as to be in a condition to make frequent Excursions into the Province of Artois and the Boulonnese Territories Valenciennes was of as great consequence to us as the other two but tho' the King was not ignorant long before of the advantage of the Conquest of these three places yet considering their strength we durst scarce flatter our selves to be able to undertake such an Expedition as to Besiege them all three at once or if we did there appear'd but little likelihood of succeeding in so great an undertaking There was in Valenciennes at that time Valenciennes besieged a Garrison of three thousand Foot and a thousand Horse besides two thousand of the Inhabitants trained up in the Exercise of Arms and a considerable number of Gentlemen who had thrown themselves into the Place to signalize themselves in its Defence The City was secured on one side by the Watery and boggy Grounds on the other by many large Out-Works surrounded with deep Ditches full of Water The Inhabitants over-confident in the strength of the Place and recalling to their Memory the disgrace which the Marshal de la Ferte receiv'd before that Place in the Year 1656 were puff'd up with so much Vanity that when the King sat down before the Place in lieu of being alarm'd at it they shew'd not the least concern in the World but pass'd their time in Feasting and other Rejoycings and gave Balls upon their Bastions But this Vain-Glory soon vanish'd and it may be said without the least contradiction to Truth that there is scarce an Example to be found where a place of such strength and so much reputation has made a more faint resistance than this In the foregoing Year the King had made himself Master of Conde and Bouchain one of which being situate above the other below Valenciennes he by posting a good Body of Horse near these two places had kept this City block'd up thegreatest part of the Winter It was Invested on the first Day of March and the King being arrived on the fourth of the same Month in the Camp the Trenches were opened betwixt the eighth and ninth and push'd on the same Night for above sixteen hundred Paces The chief Attack was carried on against a Crown-Work containing within its compass a half Moon and behind that a Ravelin call'd the Pasty Our Cannon and Bombs had done great Execution upon these Out-Works for several Days together when it was resolv'd to give the Assault on the next Morning by eight a Clock The Troops Commanded to give the Assault fell like Lions in four several places upon the Counterscarp with so much fury that the Enemy not being able to sustain them first gave way and soon after betook themselves to flight Being pursued by the French they retreated into the Crown-Work but with so much precipitation that our Men enter'd pell mell with them and attacking them in Front Rear and Flank cut eight hundred of them in pieces the rest who endeavour'd to save themselves by flight were beaten from Post to Post with such an incredible Courage that being quite frighted out of their senses they neglected to draw up the Bridge which joyn'd to the Out-work The Conquering Soldiers encourag'd as much by the opportunity as the good Success make themselves Masters of the Bridge and whilst the rest are busie in breaking open the Gates with Hatchets some got upon the top of the next Bastion by the help of Ladders turn the Cannon against the Town whilst their Comerades that were got in thro' the Gates marched into the City and barricado'd themselves in the great Street in sight of the Garrison and the City Militia who being struck with a Panick fear at the boldness of the Enterprize Valenciennes takon by Assault threw down their Arms and without any further Capitulation surrender'd at Discretion Who is so ignorant as not to be sensible what prodigious Disorders used to be committed in the ransacking of a Town taken by Assault when the enraged Soldier makes the Inhabitants without the least difference of Age Quality or Sex feel the effects of his Fury The dreadful Idea of all these Disasters their late unseasonable Bravadoes and that implacable hatred which they had shewn against the French upon many occasions made the Inhabitants not without great reason tremble at the sight of their Conquering Enemies But it was not long that they were in fear of becoming a prey and Victim to the French Soldiers a few Minutes having deliver'd them from these direful apprehensions for no sooner had the King been advertised of what had passed but he sent Messenger after Messenger to forbid the plundering of the City The Soldiers had already began with some of the adjacent Houses five or six had been forced to feel the effects of those misfortunes which happen in the pillaging of a Place taken by Assault and 't was fear'd that the unruly Soldiers would scarce be prevail'd upon to let slip so fair an opportunity of satisfying both their Avarice and Revenge and to be deaf to the Orders of their Commanders but no sooner were they forbidden in the King's Name to plunder the City but all violence ceased in an instant to the great astonishment of the whole City who could not but stand amaz'd at the submission of the Soldiery in the midst of their fury who gave such eminent marks of their Obedience to the King's pleasure by their alacrity in gaining the