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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A20032	The decades of the newe worlde or west India conteynyng the nauigations and conquestes of the Spanyardes, with the particular description of the moste ryche and large landes and ilandes lately founde in the west ocean perteynyng to the inheritaunce of the kinges of Spayne. ... Wrytten in the Latine tounge by Peter Martyr of Angleria, and translated into Englysshe by Rycharde Eden.; De orbe novo. Decade 1-3. English	Anghiera, Pietro Martire d', 1457-1526.; Eden, Richard, 1521?-1576.	1555 (1555)	STC 647; ESTC S104405	685,206	801

speaketh euyll of the poure resisteth and speaketh euyll of god Thou shalt not speake euyll of the prince or ruler of thy people saith saint Paule But wheras nowe by the poure of Neptunus I wot nere with what wynde I haue byn dryuen thus farre from my nauigations The nauigations of the Spanyardes I haue though● good to turne my sayles and to folowe the ordinarie course which I beganne and by thexemple of this woorthy capitayne kynge Ferdinando encourage al other to theyr poure to attempte the lyke vyages As touchynge the which in fewe woordes to declare my opynyon if any man s●ulde as●e me what I thynke these thinges wyll growe to in tyme I wyll answere as dooth the autoure of this booke that when I consyder howe farre owre posteritie shall see the Christian religion enlarged I am not able with tounge or penne to expresse what I conceaue hereof in my mynd Yet one thyng I see which enforceth me to speake lament that the haruest is so great the workemen so few The Spanyardes haue shewed a good exemple to all Chrystian nations to folowe But as god is great and woonderfull in all his woorkes so besyde the portion of lande perteynyng to the Spanyardes beinge eyght tymes bygger then Italye as yowe maye reade in the laste booke of the seconde Decade and beside that which perteineth to the Portugales Itali is 〈◊〉 myles in lengthe and 126. in breadthe there yet remayneth an other portion of that mayne lande reachynge towarde the northeast thought to be as large as the other and not yet knowen but only by the sea coastes neyther inhabyted by any Christian men whereas neuerthelesse as wryte●h Gemma Phrisius in this lande there are many fayre and frutefull regions hygh mountaynes and fayre ryuers with abundaunce of golde and dyuers kyndes of beastes Also cities and towres so wel buylded and people of such ciuilitie that this parte of the worlde seemeth lyttle inferiour to owre Europe if thinhabitauntes had receaued owre religion They are wytt●e people and refuse not barterynge with straungers These regiōs are cauled Terra Florida and Regio Baccalearum or Bacchallaos of the which yow may reade sumwhat in this booke in the vyage of the woorthy owlde man yet lyuing Sebastiane Cabote The lande cauled Terra florida regio baccalearum in the .vi. booke of the thyrde Decade Looke the last booke thirde decade But Cabote touched only in the north corner and most barbarous parte hereof This region is now cauled Noua Hispania S●m thinke that this c●tie is Quinsa● of marcus P●ulus from whense he was repulsed with Ise in the moneth of Iuly Neuerthelesse the west and south partes of these regions haue sence byn better searched by other and founde to bee as we haue sayde before The chiefe citie in the southwest partes of these regions is cauled Temixtetan or Mexico in maner vnder the circle cauled Tropicus Cancri and s●rongely defended by the nature of the place Looke the last booke of the 3. decade and the be●●n●ing of the booke of ●he land●s lately ●ound For it standeth in a very great lake hauynge abowt it innumerable bridges and buyldynges to be compared to the woorkes of Dedalus Th●nhabitaun●es also can wryte and reade Summe wryters connecte th●s lande to the firme lande of Asia But the truth hereof is not yet knowen And althoughe the Spanyardes haue certeyne colonies in that part of this lande that is nowe cauled Noua Hispania yet are the people for the moste parte Idolatours Howe much therfore is it to be lamented and howe greatly dooth it sounde to the reproche of all Christendome and especially to such as dwell nerest to these landes as we doo beinge muche nearer vnto the same then are the Spanyardes as within .xxv. dayes saylinge and lesse howe muche I saye shall this sounde vnto owre reproche and inexcusable slothfulnesse and negligence bothe before god and the worlde that so large dominions of such tractable people and pure gentiles not beinge hytherto corrupted with any other false religion and therefore the easyer to bee allured to embrase owres are nowe knowen vnto vs and that we hau● no respecte neyther for goddes cause nor for owre owne commoditie to attempte summe vyages into these coastes to doo for owr partes as the Spaniardes haue doone for theyrs and not euer lyke sheepe to haunte one trade and to doo nothynge woorthy memorie amonge men or thankes before god who maye herein woorthely accuse vs for the slackenesse of owre dewtie towarde hym Saynt Paule the doctoure of the gentiles to whose Apostelshippe also these newe gentiles doo perteine was of such zeale toward the Iewes whom god had reiected The godlye zeale of S. Paule that he wysshed hym selfe to bee accursed of god for theyr sakes He went from Damascus to Arabie preached the gospell in Grecia came prisoner to Rome was scourged and stoned and suffered thryse shypwracke what then thinke yow he wold do if he were now aliue Is it to be thought that he wolde not aduenture .xxv. dayes saylynge to come to such a marte of soules in such redinesse to bee easely obteyned I beleue verely that neyther death nor the deuyll nor Leuiathan nor the worlde shulde let hym but that he wolde geue thonset ageynst them all in hope of victorie by hym by whom he sayth he can doo all thynges He was not negligent in his office nor ignorant of his rewarde but trusted to the promesse of him that sayde by the mouth of the prophet Isai Isai. 66. Of them that shal be saued I wyl sende sum to the gentyles in the sea into Aphrike and Libia Italie and Grecia and into the Ilandes a farre of to thē that haue not harde of me and haue not seene my glorie The like zeale that Paule had and proceadynge of the same spirite hath euer sence Chrystes tyme moued not only the Apostles but also many other famous and godly men as superuisours of his testamente to sende owte preachers into dyuers partes of the worlde to shewe furth the gladde tydynge of the gospell By this zeale dyd Gregorye bysshoppe of Rome and fyrste of that name Gregorie th● First when he sawe Englysshe mens chyldren in Rome and asked what nation they were when answere was made hym in the laten tounge that they were Angli that is Englysshe men he sayd alludyng to the similitude of the worde that they myght wel be cauled Angeli that is Angels Thoffice of byshoppes Meanyng therby that lyke as god had done his part in geuyng them bodies of natural bewtie and comelynesse so it apperteyned to his office beinge the cheefe pastoure of goddes flocke to prouyde that theyr soules might be made woorthy to inhabite such bodies and the hole nation consecrated vnto god by baptisme For he sayde furthermore It is meete that vnto these also the gospell of life bee preached And hereuppon immediatly sent preachers into

receaued as the best 〈…〉 Ptolomie diuided all the hole body and face of the land and sea into three hundreth and sixtie degrees of length o● lōgitude and other as many degrees of bredth or latitude so that the hole globe of the baule beinge rounde conteyneth as much ●n latitude as longitude 〈…〉 He assigned lykewyse to euery degree three score myles whiche make .xvii. Spany●she lea●ues and a halfe In such sorte that the globe or baule of the earth mea●ured directly by any of the foure partes of the same 〈…〉 cont●yne●h ●n circuite sy●e thou●and and two hundreth leaques This computacion and measurynge is so certeyne th●t as it is approued of all men and founde ●rewe by experience so much the 〈◊〉 is it to bee commended and had in admiration for 〈…〉 ●ereof was iudged so dyfficult by Iob and 〈…〉 that no ●●an had founde the measure of 〈◊〉 of the ●ame They name those degrees of long●tude Degrees of Long●●ude that they accompte from soonne to soonne by the Equinoc●iall line which reacheth from the East to the Weste by the myddle of the globe or baule of the earth These can not well bee obseru●d forasmuch as in this ●ract of heauen there is no fyxe or permanent signe whereunto the pylots maye directe theyr eyes or instrumentes For the soonne althowghe i● be a moste cleare signe yet doothe it dayely chaunge the place of rysynge and faulynge The de●rees of 〈◊〉 are 〈◊〉 k●ow●n and keepethe not the same course the day folowynge as the Astronomers a●firme And althowgh there is no number of thē that in trauaylyng strange landes and seas haue spent theyr gooddes and almoste theyr wyttes to fynde the degrees of longitude withowt errour as are found the degrees of latitude heyght The degrees of latitude yet is there none that hytherto hath any trewe knowleage therof The degrees of latitude or altitude are they that are accompted from the north pointe to the sout● the commen●uration or mea●uring whe●by is most certeine by reason that the north starre is permane The nor●h st●●●e and remayneth styll in one place or at the least moueth abowt the pole which is theyr firme and stedfast signe wherby they accompte theyr degrees and directe theyr vyages By the degrees therfore accompted by these most certeine signes is vnfaylably measured the hole circumference of the lande and sea The circuite of the earth diuydynge the same into foure equall partes in this maner From the north poynte to the Equinoctial are lxxxx degrees and from the Equinoctiall to the south poynt other lxxxx Ageyne on the contrary syde from the south poynt to the Equinoctiall are other lxxxx degrees and from the Equinoctial ageyne to the north poynte are as many This may we coniecture by good reason aswell of thinferioure hemisphery wherof a great parte is knowen vnto vs by the nauigations of such as haue passed the streyghets of Magellanus and the cape of Bona Speranza The inferior hemi●pherie althowgh we haue noo such cleare and manifest relation as we ought to haue of the lande vnder the southe pole beinge the other exel●ree of the worlde whose syght we lacke For as Herodotus sayth yf there bee any lande of the Hype●boreans that is suche as are vnder the north ther is also of the hypernorios hyp●rbore● that is such as are vnder the south 〈◊〉 which perh●ppes are they that lyue in the lande of the streygh●es of Magellanus as nere vnto the other pole But what these l●ndes are 〈◊〉 of what 〈◊〉 we can haue no certeyne knowleage vntyl sum man shal h●ue compassed abowt the lands vnder the south pole as did Iohn Sebastian the circumference of the Equinocti●ll line These last annotacions of the Indies ha●e I tran●●●ted owt of the bookes of Franciscus Lopes wrytten in the 〈…〉 Themperours maiestie and partly also 〈◊〉 of the carde ma●se by Sebastian Cabot ¶ A demonstrat●on of the roundenesse of the Earth MAny ignoran● men thynke that the earthe is not rounde onely by iudgemente of the eye which is deceaued in many thynges not only of the woorkes of nature T●● eye is de●ea●ed but also of ●athe as are doonne b● the 〈◊〉 and arte of man For they say Howe can it bee rounde forasmuche as thowgh a man trauayle neuer so far eyther by land or sea he seemeth euer to passe as it were by a ryght line with out any such circuite or compassynge ascendynge or discendynge as perteyneth to all the partes of a rounde forme The which obiection as it is grose and simple proceadyng of the narownesse of the vnderstandyng of such as can not conceaue the large circumference of the lande and sea euen so may it be answered with this simple demonstration In a rynge that serueth for the fynger of a mans hande A rynge A circle the space of halfe an ynche or lyttle more is halfe a cyrcle But in a rynge or cyrcle of bygger circumference as in the hoope of a tubbe halfe an ynche appeareth in maner a ryght line althowghe it bee not so in deede forasmuch as it is not possible for any parte of a circle to consist of a ryght line neyther any parte of a line to consyst of a cyrcle sithe the partes must needes bee conformable to the hole consystynge of such vniforme partes as are in mathematicals But not to wander to farre in these subtylties the greater that yow can imagen the circle to bee so shal a greater parte therof seeme a ryght line or playne forme As for exemple imaginynge a circle whose diameter that is measure from syde to syde consysteth of a myle in this circle a pole length or more may seeme a ryght line as yowe may otherwyse multiply of the like infinitely wherby it shal appere that the large circumference of the earth well consydered a muche greater part of the circle therof then the eye of man conceaueth may seeme to bee a ryght line and he contynually to walke vppon a playne forme forasmuch as euery part of a circle is lyke vnto other as I haue sayde This may suffice for a simple and briefe demonstration and induction for suche as are desyrous to seeke furth to knowe the truth hereof ¶ What credit owght to bee gyuen to wryters as touchynge the woorkes of nature THe moste auncient wryter Diodorus Siculus in the fourth booke of his Bibliotheca wryteth in this maner If any man for the maruelous straungenes and noueltie of such thinges as are descrybed in owre bookes wyl not perhappes gyue credyt to owre hystorie let hym with ryght iudgement consider the difference that is betwene the ayer of the Scythians and the Troglodytes compared to owres The diuersitie of ayer in dyuers regions and he shall the easelyer perceaue the woorkes of nature and approue owre wrytynges For owre ayer dyffereth so much from theyrs that it myght seeme incredible if experience were not more certeyne then

were borne in this Ilande affirminge it to be very peopulous and frutefull hauinge also manye fayre wooddes and hauens There is deadly hatred and continual battayle betwene them the Canibales They haue no boates to passe from their owne coastes to the Canibales But if it bee their chaunce to ouercome them when they make incursion into theyr countreye to seke their praye as it sumtyme happeneth the fortune of warre beinge vncerteyne they serue them with like sause requiringe deathe for deathe Death for d●athe For one of theym mangeleth an other in pieces and roste them and eate them euen before their eyes They taryed not in this Ilande Yet in the weste angle therof a fewe of them went a lande for fresshe water and fownd a greate and h●gh howse after the maner of their buylding hauinge .xii. other of their vulgare cotages placed abowte the same The mountaynes are coulder then the playnes but were all lefte desolate whether it were that they resorted to the mountaynes by reson of the heate which was that tyme of the yeare and to returne to the playne when the ayre wareth cowlder or els for feare of the Canibales which make incursion into the Ilande at certen seasons In all this Ilande is only one kinge The south syde hereof extendeth abowte two hundrethe myles Shortlye after they came to the Ilande of Hispaniola beinge distante frome the firste Ilande of the Canibales fyue hundrethe leaques From Dominica to hi●paniola fyue hundreth leaques Here they fownde all th●nges out of order and theyr felowes slayne whi●h they lefte here at their fyrste vyage In the beginninge of Hispaniola hauinge in it many regions and kyngedomes as we haue sayde is the region of Xamana whose kinge is named Gua●canarillus The Spany●●des lefte in the Iland are s●ayne kynge Guaccanari●lus rebelleth This Guaccanarillus ioyned frendeshippe with owre men at the fyrste viage and made a league with them But in the absence of the Admirall he rebelled was the cause of owre mens destruction althowgh he dissimuled the same and pretended frendship at the Admirales returne As owre men sayled on yet a litle furthe● they espied a longe Canoa with many ores in which was the b●other of Guaccanarillus with only one man waytinge on hym He browght with hym two Images of goulde Two images of goulde which he gaue the Admirall in the name of his brother And towlde a ●ale in his language as concerninge the deathe of owre men as they proued afterwarde but at this tyme had no regarde to his communication for lacke of interpretours which were eyther all deade or escaped and stoulne awaye when they drewe nere the Ilandes But of the x.vii dyed by change of ayre and dyer The inhabitantes of these Ilandes haue byn euer soo vsed to liue at libert●e in playe and pastyme Libertie and idlenes that they can hardely away with the yoke of seruitude which they attempte to shake of by all meanes they maye And surely if they had receaued owre rel●gion I wolde thinke their life moste happye of all men A happy kind of lyfe if they might therwith enioye their aunciente libertie A fewe thinges contente them hauinge no delite in suche super●luites Superfluite for the which in other places men take infinite paynes and commit manie vnlawfull actes and yet are neuer satisfied wheras many haue to muche and none inowgh many haue to much and none inough But emonge these simple sowles a fewe clothes serue the naked we●ghtes and measures are not needefull to such as can not skyll of crafte and deceyte and haue not the vse of pestifetous monye the seede of innumerable myscheues So that if we shall not be ashamed to confesse the truthe they seeme to lyue in that goulden worlde of the whiche owlde wryters speake so much ▪ The goulden worlde wherin men lyued simplye and innocentlye without inforcement of lawes without quarellinge Iudges and libelles contente onely to satisfie nature without further vexation for knowelege of thinges to come Yet these naked people also are tormēted with ambitiō for the desyre they haue to enlarge their dominions Naked men troubled with ambicion by reason wherof they kepe warre destroy one an other frō the which plage I suppo●e the golden world was not free For euen then also Cede non c●dam that is gyue place Gyue place I wyll not giue place had entred emonge men But nowe to returne to the matter frō which we haue digressed The admiral desyrous to knowe further of the death of his men sent for Guaccanarillus to come to him to his ship dissimulinge that he knew any thinge of the matter The Admira sendeth for the kynge After that he came aboord shyp saluting the Admiral his cōpany gyuing also certē golde to the Capetaynes and offycers turned him to the womē captiues which not longe before our mē had deliuered frō the Canibales And ernestly beholding one of them whome owre men cauled Catharyne he spake gentelly vnto her No horses in the Ilandes And thus when he had seene and marueyled at the horses and suche other thinges as were in the shyppe vnknowen to them and had with a good grace and merelye asked leaue of the Admirall he departed Yet sum there were which counseyled the Admirall to kepe hym styll that if they might by any meanes proue that he was consentinge to the deathe of owre men he might bee punished accordinglie But the Admirall considering that it was yet no tyme to incense thinhabitantes myndes to wrathe A tyme for all thynges dysmyssed hym The next daye folowing the kinges brother resortyng to the shyppes eyther in his owne name or in his brothers seduced the women For on the next nyght about mydnight this Katherine aswell to recouer her owne libertie as also her felowes being suborned therto eyther by the kinge or his brothers promises attempted a much more difficulte and daungerous aduenture then dyd Cloelia of Rome A desperate aduenture of a woman Cloelia of Rome which beinge in hostage with other maydes to the kynge Porcena deceaued her kepers and rode ouer the ryuer Tiber with the other virgins which were pledges with her For wheras they swamme ouer the ryuer on horsebacke This Katharyne with seuen other women trustynge onlye to the strengthe of theyr owne armes swamme aboue three longe myles and that also at suche tyme as the sea was sumwhat rowghe For euen soo farre of frome the shore lay the shippes at rode as nigh as they could coniecture But owre men folowinge them with the shippeboates by the same light seene on the shore wherby the women were ledde tooke three of them supposinge that Katharyne with the other foure wente to Guaccanarillus For in the springe of the morninge certen messengers beinge sente to hym by the Admirall had intelligence that he was fledde with all his familie and stuffe and the women