Selected quad for the lemma: truth_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
truth_n	work_n	world_n	worth_n	33	3	8.2925	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A28382	The English improver improved, or, The svrvey of hvsbandry svrveyed discovering the improueableness of all lands some to be under a double and treble, others under a five or six fould, and many under a tenn fould, yea, some under a twenty fould improvement / by Walter Blith ... ; all clearely demonstrated from principles of reason, ingenuity, and late but most real experiences and held forth at an inconsiderable charge to the profits accrewing thereby, under six peeces of improvement ...	Blith, Walter, fl. 1649.	1653 (1653)	Wing B3196; ESTC R16683	227,789	311

need be nay in some places twice or thrice as much besides these Angles Triangles and almost Squares and Circles much endangering Cattell by goaring rushing and thrusting them in and also makes such stoppages and oppositions to the water that hinders the Current of it and occasioneth it to lye soaking on the Land that it either breedeth Rush Flag or Mareblab Also the aforesaid directions is a great means of laying sound much Land overcome by Bogginess the water lying so upon it that it drowneth or stifleth a great part of the fruitfulness of it yea suffocateth and choaketh others also bordering upon it no small prejudice to the Nation in generall and to many Town-ships and persons in particular A straight water-course cut a considerable depth in a thousand parts of this Nation would be more advantagious than we are aware of or I will task my self here to dispute further And though many persons are interessed therein and some will agree others will oppose one Creek lyeth on one side of the River in on● Lords Manor another lyeth on the other side divers men own the same why may not one neighbour change with another when both are gainers If not why may they not be compelled for their own good and the Common-wealths advantage I dare say thousands of Acres of very rich Land may hereby be gained and possibly as many more much amended that are almost destroyed but a Law is wanting herein for present which I hope will be supplied if it may appear Advancement to the Publick for to Private Interests it is not possible to be the least prejudice when every man hath benefit and each man may also have an equall allowance if the least prejudiced But a word or two more and 〈◊〉 shall conclude this Chapter and it is a little to further this Improvement through a great destruction as some may say it is the removing or destroying of all such Mills and none else as drow● and corrupt more Lands than themselves are worth to the Common-wealth and they are such as are kept up or dammed so high as that they boggifie all the Lands that lye under their Mill-head such Mills as are of little worth or are by constant great charges maintained I advise to be pulled down the advance of the Land when the water is let run his course and not impounded will be of far greater value many times But in case the Mills should be so necessary and profitable too and far more than the Lands they spoil I shall then advise that under thy Mill-dam so many yards wide from it as may prevent breaking through thou make a very deep Trench all along so far as thy lands are putrified and thereinto receive all the issuing spewing water and thereby stop or cut off the feeding of it upon thy meadow and carry it away into thy back-water or false course by as deep a Trench cut through the most low and convenient part of thy Meads But put case thou shouldst have no convenient fall on that side thy Mildam then thou must make some course or plant some trough under thy Mill-dam and so carry it under into some lower course that may preserve it from soaking thy meadows or pastures under it and by this meanes thou maiest in a good measure reduce thy Land to good soundness and probably wholly cure it and preserve thy Mill also As for that objection of hindering the grinding of corn it is very frivolous for First there are in many parts so many Mills as hinder one another and are scarce able to live one by another 2. There are or may be Wind-mills erected in most parts that may supply that want and are less chargable than Water-mills And for that some say the wind is uncertain I say it is so certain that I am confident few or none need want grinding if they can get corn for I my self live in a Country where are no other but Wind-mills and have scarce in a twelvemonth known any want of grinding But should it be so one may be supplied by Horse-mills one good horse will grind wheat easily and two good horses will grind any good dry corn and are not at that charge for repairs as both Wind-mills and Water-mills are 3. I say it is possible to devise a Mill with truth of workmanship and some other advantages that two men may grind any good corn whatsoever and that as much in an hour as any usuall Water-mill in the Country and to this work I shall commend one Mr. Dimock a very ingenious Gentleman and one who hath discovered so much to the World already as may give sufficient testimony of the truth of his abilities in this kind CHAP. IX The Ninth Chapter shall be a brief and plain discoverie of the most Feacible way of Fen-drayning or regaining drowned Lands or in bounding of the Sea from it AS to the Drayning or laying dry the Fenns those profitable works the Common-wealths glory let not Curs Snarl nor dogs bark there at the unparralleld advantages of the World give me leave because hitherto all men have Monopolised their inventions as they call them as possibly they might lawfully unto themselves and the mystery and no mans Experiences therein have at all been published to publique view which whether it do arise from a privacy of Spirit self advancement or rather from an ungratefull frame of men Governors trusted with the publique Weal of a Nation or great men well able to recompence publique discoveries whose shares will be greatest of the Advantage which last through Charity I am bound and from sad Experiences many Ingenious hearts have found I doe beleeve but no man as I ever yet saw or heard hath published any thing at all to any such purpose as to dismystery the same therefore by the good leave of thy patience I shall take boldness to pull off the vizor of those apprehensions I have found therein and discover the open face of that Experience I have made be it beautifull or deformed in pitty to move others to cover the deformities thereof or put more beauty thereon In the discourse whereof I shall candidly indeavour to draw it into as plain a Map or Platform as the roughness and confusedness of the work or my weaknesses will admit and to that end shall confine my self to these pareiculars 1. What drayning is and a discovery of Fen-Lands how they lie to those that know them not 2. To discover some of the Rubbs or hinderances that lie in the way of working it to the Common-Wealths ad-advantage 3. To hold out the Cure or best and speediest way for the Reducement or recovery thereof to perfect foundness 4. To discover the best and most profitablest way of Improvement of those recovered Lands to the best advantage of the Common-Wealth In all which I shall say but little nor can say half that is to be said herein but to each shall speak somewhat as near

he speaks of using the great Claver thus also I am somewhat jealous he is mistaken herein because the thicker it grows and the closer with one continued thickness the better either to mow or grase The experimenting I leave to thee There is also the La-lucern another French Grass which is excellent Fodder and is rather preferred before the St. Foine and it is as advantagious to dry and barren lands and hath been lately discovered there and is now of great credit amongst them but for my own particular experience I can say little and therefore say thus much only to provoke the Ingenious both unto the search experimenting and communicating to publick view not one man being sufficient for the experimenting all discoveries that may be made here and elsewhere I am confident every Age nay every day will bring forth something or other worth our embracements The Second General Peece of Improvement contains the discourse of facilitating the charge and burden of the Plow and a demonstration of the Figures thereof CHAP. XXVIII Discovers the severall Abuses of the Plough BEfore I proceed in this discourse I will lay down these two or three Maxims or Conclusions First that whatever moveth upon the Land or that worketh in the Land and carrieth the least earth or weight with it must needs move or work easiest A wheel the lesser ground it stands upon the easier it turns and the lesser the wheel the easier still so the Plough the more earth or weight it carries with it the more strength must be required The naturall furrow it must carry but the lesser compass both in heigth and length it bears upon the Plough the easier the Plough must go Secondly the more naturally any thing moves the more easily and the more Artificially the more difficultly Thirdly the sharper or thinner is any tool the easier it pierceth and the less strength is required so contrary the thicker or duller any tool is the more strength must work it and Fourthly that which is the plainest and truest to the Rule and admits of least multiplication of work must needs be easiest All my endeavours shall onely be the application of all these to the Plough and that as naturally as I can by truth of Workmanship to discover the Plough and Plough-Irons to the most exactness which will be all the ease that I can give it or any man yet ever did or could If any other shall endeavour to discover by Engine or otherwise to supply the strength of horse and man to draw the Plough I know an easie Plough will go more easie and shall therin rejoyce And because I find so many different names given to the members of the Plough according to the Country phrazes few of one Country understands another Countries terms I shall confine my self to one name to each member all along my discourse for the better understanding of the Reader As for the Plough-sheath Wrest Beam Share and Coulter they retain these names clearly in most parts and so I shal continue them But for Plough-handles some call them Stilts and some Hales and some Staves I shall confine my self to the name of Handles For the Plough-head some call them the Plough-throck some the Plough-chip c. I shall retain the term of Plough-head And the Shield-board some call Breast-board or Earth-board or Furrow-board I shall retaine the Shield board And for the Coumb or Whing of the Share which is that which goeth upward upon the Shield-board I shall term the Coumb And for the Tush or Phin of the Share which is that that cutteth out the bottom of the Furrow as the Fish doth divide the water I shall call it the Phin of the Share so I shall avoyd multiplication of tearms and a littl shorten and clear my discourse and so proceed As for the giving an addition of ease unto an ordinary way of plowing and the taking away of some of the strength which is so great a burthen to the Husbandmans is of very vast concernment and will take up a very large discourse the effecting whereof I shall endeavour under these following heads 1 To discover the severall abuses or hindrances to the welll-going of the plough with some remedies thereto 2 To give you the descriptions with the Figures of several sorts of ploghs now in use 3 To demonstrate wherein the chief ease of the plough consists with the easiest growing plough and the advantage gained thereby 4 To discover to what sorts of Land and seasons of plowing each plough is most suitable with a double plough yet unknown and a plough that shall both plow and harrow at once The Abuses or hindrances to be removed are many wherein I shall speak to particular abuses only And first I shall speak to particular abuses only prejudiciall to the ploughs easie going in the Blacksmith or he that makes the Irons for the plovgh I not being of the opinion as many are that the Irons should be made to the plough but that the plough be made to the irons I therefore shall be bold to say that if Plough Irons be not made exceeding true in all points according to the Land you have to plow and wrought fair and smooth a plough-wright or plow maker shall not nor cannot work true to a false foundation and if it be not wrought true it shall hardly go true unless after much wearing being wrought into work it may plow reasonable well at last and by that time the plough may be worn out but never with that ease nor continuance as it would by truth of Workmanship Another abuse in him is the not steeling his plough-irons well and making them exceeding sharp and well pointed The second abuse is in the plough-maker who works according to certain coarse Rules he hath learned by trade knows not how to hold a plough himself nor to apply himself to the nature of the Land according to the alteration of it nor scarce is able to discern the falsity of the Smiths workmanship and is not able to apply himself to all sorts of Lands or those severall sorts of Tilths the Husbandman gives he shall never make a Plough to go with ease by his rules unless he chop upon it by chance The third abuse may be in the Plough-holder and if he have not abilities to order his Plough to fix and alter his Irons and his Plough too according to the severall natures of Lands he ploweth and according to the manner of his Plowing and keep his Irons in a true and keen posture sometime he is to cast down his Land sometime to raise up and sometime to plow up hill and down sometime even levell Grounds in all which if he have not some good experience though both Smith and Plough wrights do their parts yet because the Plough-holder cannot be made aswell as the Plough many good Ploughs are utterly spoyled in the usage or abusage May be in the Lands when the Lands as

good husbandry dividing quicksetting and laying dry and sound their land and gardening some and planting others with kernels of all sorts of fruits and all sorts of woods and sets and trees have brought many plots some containing five or six acres some to ten or twelve and some to twenty or thirty acres in one plot to that improvement that they have made twenty pound an acre yea if I should say forty or fifty pound I should finde sufficient testimony to the truth hereof and all this while but in preparation for a plantation too their young trees being not come yet to beare nor to shade the land and then they lay it downe to grasse but say the land was worth twenty shillings an acre and some is and very much worth more which is so much better it will prosper and so much lesse cost need bee bestowed and yet by all will be made good the improvement promised These Orchards many of them are worth to grasse forty fifty or three pound per acre and so set their fruite will seldome yeeld them so little as double or treble the worth of their grasse many times five or six fold yea possibly ten fold and what is this towards the making good my improvement promised If this land was not worth above six or ten shillings an acre as very much was not then it is fourfold doubled in the grazing and if it treble in the fruit then there is sixteenfold and if it come up to sixfold in the fruit then there is two and thirty fold I will go no higher but I might and many doe and will the cost bestowed for the two three or four first yeares may be was three or foure pound an Acre may be five pound but then the Garden fruits which they raised upon them the sets the grafts the trees and fruite they raise upon it may bee possibly worth as much more as it is worth when it comes to be laid down to grasse but then it costs no more then mowing their grasse and gathering their fruit and yet during the flourishing condition of this Orchard it shall hold forth the improvement aforesaid Object But some will say this may be true in some few Acres and by some few excelling husbands but in very few persons and upon f●wer lands Answ. If any why strive not others after the same pitch why runne not others to the same mark if one Acre why not two if there be one so good a husband why imitate wee not him wee know one man may have as good meanes to the same end as another If one Tradesman get an excellent commodity or attain to an excellent mystery in his Trade do not all men study it thirst after it and endeavour it and may gain it Object You will say our land is not so good there is little such and most lands in England are not for that use and in some Countries little or none at all Answ. To which I answer neither was theirs as good or knowne to bee so good and that is all one untill they made the experiment It is but very few ages since these Countries have been so famous every age hath exceedingly improved and this very last age as it were almost doubled what former ages came to and truly when you have made the same experience you will finde your Land as good and by good husbandry with a strong resolution to the same end will bring forth the accomplishment of the same fruit and so I shall proceed to an answer of the second part of the objection which is there is little such land or little fit land for this use in many Counties in England which brings mee to my second particular which is to shew that there is land as well in all Countries and Counties as those lands of Kent Essex Surry c. and very much in many where is no improvement at all made thereon and that I thus demonstrate by inquiring into the nature and qualifications of these lands and these lands are many of them exceeding dry sound warme lands some perfect sand some gravelly some of a very shallow mould not above halfe a spades pitch before you come to hunger and barrennesse some exceeding stony some of them are upon a very rich soyle as by the Marshes sides some of them are upon a cold spewing wet clayey land but made rich and warme by soyle and husbandry and some upon a perfect clay cold and barren and yet upon them all you have exceeding great advances as aforesaid And that there is some such natured lands in all Countries and in some all these natured lands directly no man will deny and also meanes and soyles to inrich them though not so much but yet I am sure many times more then is improved to so good an advantage and more may be made and gained to inrich them if wee grow industrious And now that I have proved there is such natured lands what remaines to cleare the full demonstration but that as great advancement may bee made in those Countries as in these Why this remaines that they are not under so warme a Climate as those Lands are which is true and this is all that can be said to which I answer 1. Ans. That the climate is much to the drawing forth these fruits and especially to the drawing them forth so early but yet not sufficient excuse to hinder the work for then why should Glocester-shire Worcester-shire and Hereford-stire be so famous I am confident they are as natural and as fruitfull this way as these Countries are only I beleive they are not so quick for sale nor so early ripe may be by a fortnight of dayes which is nothing And the climate is as cold in these Countries as in almost any except two or three of the Northern Countries in which Countries are very much good fruits and many good Orchards too and why not more I know not I doe confess Cherries grow upward more rich early and more profitably then in other parts yet Worcester-shire comes near them but what if they come not up so high they may come up high enough and wee see they will grow well and to good profit in other parts as well as here But say there was not a cherry growing in any of those parts I should not much matter they being only for delight and pleasure yet if good Peares for Perry and Aples for Syder would prosper well which I am confident they would if industriously experimented which would be for the great supply of the poor the whole Countrie for every Town House almost hath an Orchard bigger or lesser that doe and will bear both Apples and Peares of all sorts whatsoever and all Countries have Lands naturall therefore as well as these where there is so great improvements made and therefore I know neither nature nor reason against the same nor nothing else