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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A44656 The life and reign of King Richard the Second by a person of quality. Howard, Robert, Sir, 1626-1698. 1681 (1681) Wing H3001; ESTC R6502 128,146 250

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with several other Letters and Bulls to the same effect So that at last Wickliff was again Conven'd before them but on the Day assign'd for his Examination Sir Lewis Clifford came into their Court and in the Name of the Princess Joan the Kings Mother peremptorily Commanded them to proceed no further in that Affair with which being terrified they desisted their prosecution and once more he got out of their Clutches But now by reason of the before-mentioned Articles offered to the King and Parliament the Bishops soon after summoned him again before them but whether he appeared or not is uncertain However they proceeded against the Opinions and Conclusions following as His which as they are related by the Historians of those Times I shall recite some of them being Branded as Heresies others only as Errors Viz. Heresie I. That the Substance of Bread or Wine remains after Consecration in the Sacrament of the Altar Heresie II. That Accidents do not remain without a Subject after Consecration in the same Sacrament Heresie III. That Christ is not in the Sacrament of the Altar Identically truly and really in his proper Corporal Person Heresie IV. That if a Bishop or Priest whilest he is in mortal sin should Ordain Consecrate or Baptise it would be nothing available Note this is falsly charged Wickliffe's words whence this is wrested are in his book De Veritate Scriptu●arum p. 138. Nisi ●hristianu c. Un●ess the Christian Priest be united unto Christ by Grace Christ cannot be his Saviour neither can he speak the Sacramental words without lying Licet pro●●●t c●pacibu though yet they are profitable to fit Receivers Which last Clause they spightfully omit Heresie V. That if a Man be duly Contrite all outward Confession is superfluous and to him unprofitable Heresie VI. That he hath Obstinately asserted that it is not founded in the Gospel that Christ ordained the Mass. Heresie VII That God ought to obey the Devil This Position the Devil himself would scarce dare to utter much less this godly man who on the quite contrary in his Comment on the Psalms p. 112 saith the Devil is clepid God's Angel for he may do nothing but at Gods suffering and serveth God in tormenting sinful men 't is true in his Book against the Fryars Cap. 28 he complains of their Blasphemy in accusing the Holy Scriptures of Falshood which says he is to put falsness upon God himself who is the Author thereof and yet they would have in believe what they themselves say is true Alas saith he who may suffer this Blasphemy that Christ in whom is all Treasure of Wit Wisdom and Truth could not or would not say true words and sentence but yet sinful fools have true manner of speaking contrary to the speech of our Lord Jesu Christ for if this be sinful fools yea Divels of Hell been wiser t●uer than Jesu Christ. From these words or some such Argument ab Ab●urdo against them that which he proves to be their wicked consequence they make his D●ctrin just as if one should charge David with asserting there is no God leaving out The Fool hath said in his Heart Heresie VIII That if the Pope be a wicked Man and consequently a member of the Devil then he has no power given him over faithful Christians by any unless perhaps by Caesar. Heresie IX That after Vrban the Sixth Pope at that time none ought to be chosen Pope but we ought to live after the manner of the Greeks under our own Laws Errors 1. That no Prelate ought to Excommunicate any unless first he know such person to be Excommunicated of God 2. That if any shall otherwise Excommunicate he thereby becomes an Heretick or Excommunicated person himself 3. That a Prelate Excommunicating a Clerk that has appeal'd to the King and Council of the Kingdom is thereby a Traytor to God the King and Kingdom 4. That those who forbear to Preach or hear the Word of God or the Gospel for the Excommunication of men are Excommunicated and at the day of Judgment shall be accounted Traytors to God 5. That 't is contrary to the Scriptures that persons Ecclesiastical should have Temporal possessions 6. That 't is lawful to any Deacon or Presbyter to Preach the Word of God without Authority from the Pope or any Catholick Bishop 7. That none whilst in mortal sin is to be accounted a Bishop or Prelate 8. That Temporal Lords may at their pleasure take away Temporal Goods from the Church habitually offending 9. That Tythes are pure Alms and Parishioners may for the sins of their Curates detain the same and confer them at their pleasure upon others 10. That special prayers applyed by Prelates or Religious persons to one particular person do not more profit him than general prayers all things else being equal 11. That any one entring into any Private Religion is thereby rendred more unapt and incapable of observing the Commandments of God 12. That Holy Men that instituted Private Orders of Religion whether of Mendicants or such as are indowed with possessions did sin in so doing 13. That those called Religious living in private Orders of Religion are not of the Christian Religion 14. That Fryars Mendicant are bound to live by the Labor of their Hands and not to get their living by Begging 15. That Fryars Begging after their Sermons do thereby incurr the Crime of Simony and all that bestow Alms on them are Excommunicate as well the giver as receiver About these Positions the Bishops first met at Oxford where they had taken such impression that Riggs the Vice-Chancellor and many others had imbraced them and after that at the Gray-Fryars London on the Seventeenth of May 1382. on which day after Dinner about Two a Clock just as they were going to proceed in this Business happened a Wonderful and Terrible Earthquake throughout all England whereupon divers of the Suffragans being affrighted would have desisted but the Arch-bishop otherwise interpreting the Omen they went on and at last solemnly Condemned all the said Propositions there being present Eight Bishops Nineteen Monks and Fryars Fourteen Doctors of Law and Six Batchellors of Divinity However Mr. Wickliff himself whether because they could not find him or that they were afraid to meddle with him or rather because they were much distracted by reason of the Feuds between two Popes then in being at once escaped their malice and in the Year 1385. dyed peaceably in his Bed having been Doctor of Divinity above Thirty Years and of such industry and learning that he Translated the whole Bible into Engglish one Copy whereof written with his own Hand lately was and I suppose still is extant in Saint John's Colledge in Oxford He lived in a time when the Fryars Orders by their manifold disorders were become exceeding odious and the Popes jurisdiction by provisions Reservations and Collations very intollerable which made way for those excellent statute Laws about this time enacted
or in lieu thereof great Sums of Money in the said Letters expressed By which manner of Writing he forced many of such Religious out of fear to fulfil his Will and Command whereby they were heavily impoverisht and opprest in manifest derogation of Ecclesiastical Liberty by which Pretext the said King Richard did incur Perjury XXIII Item In most of the great Royal Councils when the Lords of the Realm the Judges and others being charg'd that they would faithfully Council the King in Matters relating to his State and that of his Kingdom The said Lords Justices and others very often in giving Counsel according to their best Discretion have been by the King suddenly and so fiercely chidden and reproved that they have not dared to speak the Truth in giving their Advice for the State of the King and Kingdom XXIV Item The Treasures Crowns Reliques and other Jewels viz. The Goods of the Kingdom which time out of mind have been Reposited in the Treasury of the Kingdom for the Honour of the King and preservation of his Kingdom against any sudden Event or Exigency the said King Going out of his Kingdom into Ireland did take away and caused the same to be carried with him without the consent of the States of the Kingdom Whereby this Kingdom had been vastly impoverisht if God by the retaking of the said Goods against the said Kings Will had not otherwise provided And furthermore the said King did cause the Rolls of Records touching the State and Government of his Kingdom uo be destroyed and rased to the great prejudice of his People and disinheriting the Crown of the said Kingdom And all this as 't is probably believed in favour and support of his evil Governance XXV Item The said King was wont as it were perpetually to be so variable and dissembling in his Words and Writings and so contrary to himself and especially in writing to the Pope and to Kings and other Lords out of the Kingdom and within it and also to others his Subjects that no man living that knew his Conditions could or would confide in him nay he was reputed so unfaithful and unconstant that it became scandalous not only to his own person but also to the whole Kingdom and especially amongst Foreigners of all the World that came to know the same XXVI Item Although The Land and Tenements the Goods and Chattels of every Freeman by the Laws of the Realm used from all time heretofore ought not to be taken from him unless they be forfeited Yet the said King purposing and longing to weaken such Laws in the pretence of very many Lords and others of the commonalty of the Kingdom hath frequently said and affirmed That the Life of every one of his Svbjects and his Lands Tenements Goods and Chattels are his the said Kings at his will and pleasure without any forfeiture Which is utterly against the Laws and Customs of the Kingdom aforesaid XXVII Item Although it was Fnacted and Ordained and is hitherto Confirmed That no Freeman shall be taken c. nor any way destroyed and that the King shall not pass nor send any to pass upon him but by the Lawful Judgment of his Peers or by the Law of the Land Yet by the Will Command and Order of the said King very many of his Liege People being maliciously accused for having publickly or secretly said something that might tend to the disyraise scandal or disgrace of the person of the said King have been taken and Imprisoned and brought before the Constable and Marshal of England in the Court Military in which Court the said Liege People being accused would not be admitted to make any other Answer than that they were no way guilty and would justifie the same and defend themselves by their Bodies and not otherwise notwithstanding their Appellors were young men stout and lusty and those so accused antient and impotent maim'd or infirm Whereby not only destruction of the Lords and grandees of the Kingdom but also of all and singular persons of the Commonalty of the same may probably ensue Since therefore the said King hath wilfully acted contrary to such a Statute of his Kingdom 't is not to be doubted but he hath thereby incurred the Crime of Perjury XXVIII Item Although the People of the Realm of England by vertue of their Leigeance are fully enough bound to their King and the said King by the Laws and Customs of his Kingdom is enabled to Correct and punish his People if in any kind they Transgress yet the said King desiring to trample on and too much oppress his People that he might the more freely execute and follow the Humour of his foolish and unlawful Will by his Letters to all the Counties of his Kingdom did Injoyn and Command That all his Subjects as well Spiritual as Temp●ral should make certain Oaths in general which were too grievous to them and which might probably cause the final destruction of his People and that they should confirm such their Oaths under their Letters and Seals To which Royal Command the People of his Kingdom did submit and pay Obedience that they might not incur his Indignation or Displeasure and also for fear of Death XXIX Item When Parties contending in the Ecclesiastical Court in Causes meerly Ecclesiastical and Spiritual had endeavoured to obtain from the Chancellor of England Prohibitions to hinder the lawful Process in the said Courts and the said Chancellor had justly refused to grant the same yet the said King by Letters under his Signet has frequently prohibited the Ecclesiastical judges to proceed in such Causes thereby evilly infringing the Liberties of the C●urch in the Grand Charter approved to the Conservation whereof he was sworn and damnably incurring Perjury and the Sentence of Excommunication against such Violators thereof by the Holy Fathers pronou●ced XXX Item The said King without any reasonable or lawful cause whatsoever or any other process of Law did in his Parliament encompass'd in warlike manner by armed men adjudge Thomas of Arundel Lord Archbishop of Canterbury Primate of all England his Spiritual Father absenting himself by the Treacherous Counsell of the said King to Banishment against the Laws of his Kingdom so by him sworn to as aforesaid XXXI Item By inspection of the Testament of the said King Sealed with the Great and Privy Seal and also with his Signet among other things there is contained this clause or Article Item we will that the residue of our Gold the true debts of our House-hold Chamber and Wardrobe being paid for payment whereof we bequeath Twenty Thousand Marks reserving to our Executors Five or Six Thousand Marks which wee will by them to be expended towards the more plentiful maintainance of the Lepers and Chaplains to celebrate before them by us founded at Westminster and B●rmondeseye shall remain to our Successor provided alwaies that he approve ratify and confirm and hold and cause to be holden and firmly observed all and singular