know_v from_o the_o prosecutor_n to_o what_o they_o must_v answer_v and_o have_v agree_v and_o acquaint_v each_o other_o with_o the_o tale_n they_o will_v tell_v and_o have_v resolve_v to_o be_v careful_a that_o all_o their_o answer_n to_o cross_v interrogatory_n may_v be_v conformable_a to_o their_o first_o story_n and_o if_o these_o relate_v only_o to_o word_n speak_v at_o several_a time_n in_o private_a to_o distinct_a witness_n in_o such_o a_o case_n evidence_n if_o give_v in_o open_a court_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v very_o strong_a against_o the_o person_n accuse_v though_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o truth_n in_o it_o but_o if_o such_o witness_n be_v private_o and_z separately_z examine_v by_o the_o grand_a inquest_n as_o the_o law_n require_v and_o be_v to_o answer_v only_o such_o question_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o in_o such_o order_n as_o be_v best_a in_o their_o judgement_n and_o most_o natural_a to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o accusation_n so_o that_o the_o 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good_a government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n must_v needs_o know_v that_o the_o king_n can_v lawful_o seek_v any_o other_o benefit_n in_o judicial_a proceed_n than_o that_o common_a right_n and_o justice_n be_v do_v to_o the_o people_n according_a to_o their_o law_n and_o custom_n their_o safety_n and_o prosperity_n be_v to_o be_v the_o object_n of_o his_o continual_a care_n and_o study_n that_o be_v high_o concern_v the_o greatness_n and_o honour_n of_o a_o prince_n consist_v in_o the_o virtue_n multitude_n wealth_n and_o prowess_n of_o his_o people_n and_o his_o great_a glory_n be_v by_o the_o excellence_n of_o his_o government_n so_o to_o have_v encourage_v virtue_n and_o piety_n that_o few_o or_o no_o criminal_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o his_o dominion_n those_o who_o have_v make_v this_o their_o principal_a aim_n have_v in_o some_o place_n so_o well_o succeed_v as_o to_o introduce_v such_o a_o discipline_n and_o rectitude_n of_o manner_n as_o render_v every_o man_n a_o law_n unto_o himself_o as_o it_o be_v report_v in_o the_o history_n of_o peru_n incas_fw-la gar._n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr veg._n hist_o de_fw-es los_fw-es incas_fw-la that_o though_o the_o law_n be_v so_o severe_a as_o to_o make_v very_o small_a crime_n capital_a yet_o it_o often_o fall_v out_o that_o not_o one_o man_n be_v put_v to_o death_n in_o a_o year_n within_o the_o whole_a compass_n of_o that_o vast_a empire_n the_o king_n be_v only_a benefit_n in_o find_v out_o and_o punish_v offender_n by_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v the_o preservation_n and_o support_v of_o the_o government_n the_o protection_n of_o the_o innocent_a revenge_v their_o wrong_n and_o prevent_v further_o mischief_n by_o the_o terror_n of_o exemplary_a punishment_n the_o king_n be_v the_o head_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o esteem_n of_o our_o law_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v to_o expect_v right_a to_o be_v do_v they_o in_o his_o several_a court_n institute_v by_o law_n for_o that_o purpose_n therefore_o writ_n issue_v out_o in_o his_o name_n in_o all_o case_n where_o relief_n be_v seek_v by_o the_o subject_n and_o the_o wrong_n do_v to_o the_o life_n or_o limb_n of_o the_o people_n be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v against_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o king_n his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n reckon_v it_o a_o dishonour_n to_o he_o and_o his_o government_n that_o subject_n shall_v not_o whilst_o they_o live_v within_o the_o law_n enjoy_v peace_n and_o security_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o scandal_n upon_o the_o king_n when_o he_o be_v represent_v in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n as_o if_o he_o be_v partial_o concern_v or_o rather_o incline_v to_o desire_v that_o a_o party_n accuse_v shall_v be_v find_v guilty_a than_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v declare_v innocent_a if_o he_o be_v so_o in_o truth_n doubtless_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o wish_v in_o all_o inquiry_n
part_n fol._n 33._o the_o same_o be_v also_o void_a and_o hold_v for_o none_o for_o ever_o see_v also_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 2d_o cap._n 38._o and_o articâ—â—_n super_fw-la cortas_fw-la ch_n 9_o so_o careful_a have_v our_o parliament_n be_v that_o the_o power_n of_o grand_a inquest_n may_v be_v place_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o good_a and_o worthy_a man_n that_o if_o one_o man_n of_o a_o grand_a inquest_n though_o they_o be_v twenty_o three_o or_o more_o shall_v not_o be_v liber_n &_o legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la or_o such_o as_o the_o law_n require_v and_o due_o return_v without_o denomination_n to_o the_o sheriff_n all_o the_o indictment_n find_v by_o such_o a_o grand_a jury_n and_o the_o proceed_n upon_o they_o be_v void_a and_o null_a so_o it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o scarlet_n be_v case_n i_o know_v too_o well_o that_o the_o wisdom_n and_o care_n of_o our_o ancestor_n in_o this_o institution_n of_o grand_a jury_n have_v not_o be_v of_o late_o consider_v as_o it_o ought_v nor_o the_o law_n concern_v they_o due_o observe_v nor_o have_v the_o gentleman_n and_o other_o man_n of_o estate_n in_o the_o several_a county_n discern_v how_o insensible_o their_o legal_a power_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o their_o grand_a and_o petit_fw-fr juries_n be_v decay_v and_o much_o of_o the_o mean_n to_o preserve_v their_o own_o life_n and_o interest_n take_v out_o of_o their_o hand_n it_o be_v a_o wonder_n that_o they_o be_v not_o more_o awaken_v with_o the_o attempt_n of_o the_o late_a ed._n ch._n justice_n k._n who_o will_v have_v usurp_v a_o lordly_a dictatorian_a power_n over_o the_o grand_a jury_n of_o somersetshire_n and_o command_v they_o to_o sind_z a_o bill_n of_o indictment_n for_o murder_n for_o which_o they_o see_v no_o evidence_n and_o upon_o their_o refusal_n he_o not_o only_o threaten_v the_o jury_n but_o assume_v to_o himself_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n to_o sine_fw-la they_o here_o be_v a_o bold_a battery_n make_v upon_o the_o ancient_a fence_n of_o our_o reputation_n and_o life_n if_o that_o justice_n will_n have_v pass_v for_o law_n all_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o grand_a jury_n must_v have_v be_v the_o base_a vassal_n to_o the_o judge_n and_o have_v be_v penal_o oblige_v jurare_fw-la in_o verba_fw-la magistri_fw-la to_o have_v swear_v to_o the_o direction_n or_o dictate_v of_o the_o judge_n but_o thanks_o be_v to_o god_n the_o late_a long_a parliament_n though_o fill_v with_o pensioner_n can_v not_o bear_v such_o a_o bold_a invasion_n of_o the_o english_a liberty_n but_o upon_o the_o complaint_n of_o one_o sir_n hugh_n windham_n foreman_n of_o the_o say_a jury_n and_o a_o member_n of_o that_o parliament_n the_o commons_o bring_v the_o then_o chief_a justcie_n to_o their_o bar_n to_o acknowledge_v his_o fault_n whereupon_o the_o prosecution_n cease_v the_o trust_n and_o power_n of_o grand_a jury_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v account_v among_o the_o great_a and_o of_o most_o concern_v next_o to_o the_o legislative_a the_o justice_n of_o the_o 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never_o reverse_v the_o outlawry_n as_o the_o law_n now_o stand_v save_v by_o pardon_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n hence_o it_o appear_v that_o in_o case_n a_o grand_a jury_n shall_v be_v draw_v to_o indict_v a_o noble_a peer_n unjust_o either_o by_o mean_n of_o their_o own_o weakness_n or_o partiality_n or_o a_o blind_a submission_n to_o the_o direction_n or_o opinion_n of_o judge_n one_o such_o failure_n of_o a_o jury_n may_v occasion_v the_o ruin_n of_o any_o of_o the_o best_a or_o great_a family_n in_o england_n i_o mention_v this_o extent_n of_o the_o grand_a jury_n power_n over_o all_o the_o nobility_n only_o to_o show_v their_o joint_a interest_n and_o concern_v with_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n in_o this_o ancient_a institution_n the_o grand_a jury_n be_v trust_v to_o be_v the_o principal_a mean_n of_o preserve_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n by_o the_o terror_n of_o execute_v the_o penal_a law_n against_o offender_n by_o their_o wisdom_n diligence_n and_o faithfulness_n in_o make_v due_a inquiry_n after_o all_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o bring_v every_o one_o to_o answer_v for_o his_o crime_n at_o the_o peril_n of_o his_o life_n limb_n and_o estate_n that_o every_o man_n who_o live_v within_o the_o law_n may_v sleep_v secure_o in_o his_o own_o house_n it_o be_v commit_v to_o their_o charge_n and_o trust_v to_o take_v care_n of_o bring_v capital_a offender_n to_o pay_v their_o life_n to_o justice_n and_o lesser_a criminal_n to_o other_o punishment_n according_a to_o their_o several_a demerit_n the_o court_n or_o judge_n or_o commissioner_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n and_o of_o gaol_n delivery_n be_v to_o receive_v only_o from_o the_o grand_a inquest_n all_o capital_a matter_n whatsoever_o to_o be_v put_v in_o issue_n try_v and_o judge_v before_o they_o by_o the_o petit_fw-fr juries_n the_o whole_a stream_n of_o justice_n in_o such_o case_n either_o run_v free_o or_o be_v stop_v and_o disturb_v as_o the_o grand_a inquest_n do_v their_o duty_n either_o faithful_o and_o prudent_o or_o neglect_n or_o omit_v they_o and_o as_o one_o part_n of_o their_o duty_n be_v to_o indict_v offender_n so_o another_o part_n be_v to_o protect_v the_o innocent_a in_o their_o reputation_n life_n and_o interest_n from_o false_a accuser_n and_o malicious_a conspirator_n they_o be_v to_o search_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o such_o information_n as_o come_v before_o they_o and_o to_o reject_v the_o indictment_n if_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_o prove_v and_o far_o if_o they_o have_v reasonable_a suspicion_n of_o malice_n or_o wicked_a design_n against_o any_o man_n life_n or_o estate_n by_o such_o as_o offer_v a_o bill_n of_o indictment_n the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o of_o the_o kingdom_n bound_v they_o to_o use_v all_o possible_a mean_n to_o discover_v the_o villainy_n and_o if_o it_o appear_v to_o they_o whereof_o they_o be_v the_o legal_a judge_n to_o be_v a_o conspiracy_n or_o malicious_a combination_n against_o the_o accuse_v they_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o high_a obligation_n upon_o man_n and_o christian_n not_o only_o to_o reject_v such_o a_o bill_n of_o indictment_n but_o to_o indict_v forth_o with_o all_o the_o conspirator_n with_o their_o abettor_n and_o associate_n doubtless_o there_o have_v be_v pride_n and_o covetousness_n malice_n and_o desire_n of_o revenge_n in_o all_o age_n from_o whence_o have_v spring_v false_a accusation_n and_o conspiracy_n but_o no_o age_n before_o we_o ever_o hatch_v such_o villainy_n as_o our_o popish_a faction_n have_v contrive_v against_o our_o religion_n life_n and_o liberty_n no_o history_n assord_v a_o example_n of_o such_o forgery_n perjury_n subornation_n and_o combination_n of_o infamous_a wretch_n as_o have_v be_v late_o discover_v among_o they_o to_o defame_v loyal_a innocent_a protestant_n and_o to_o shed_v their_o guiltless_a blood_n in_o the_o form_n and_o course_n of_o justice_n and_o to_o make_v the_o king_n most_o faithful_a subject_n appear_v to_o be_v the_o vile_a traitor_n unto_o he_o in_o this_o our_o miserable_a state_n grand_a jury_n be_v our_o only_a security_n in_o as_o much_o as_o our_o life_n can_v be_v draw_v into_o jeoperdy_o by_o all_o the_o malicious_a crast_n of_o the_o devil_n unless_o such_o a_o number_n of_o our_o honest_a country_n man_n shall_v be_v satisfy_v in_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o accusation_n for_o prevention_n of_o such_o plotter_n of_o wickedness_n as_o now_o abound_v be_v that_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 42_o of_o e._n 3.3_o 3.3_o see_v the_o stat._n 42_o e._n 3.3_o in_o these_o word_n to_o eschew_v the_o mischief_n and_o damage_n do_v to_o divers_a of_o the_o commons_o by_o false_a accuser_n which_o oftentimes_o have_v make_v the_o accusation_n more_o for_o revenge_n and_o singular_a benefit_n than_o for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o his_o people_n which_o accuse_v person_n some_o have_v be_v take_v and_o
sometime_o cause_v to_o come_v before_o the_o king_n council_n by_o writ_n and_o otherwise_o upon_o grievous_a pain_n against_o the_o law_n it_o be_v assent_v and_o accord_v for_o the_o good_a government_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o no_o man_n be_v put_v to_o answer_v without_o presentment_n before_o justice_n or_o matter_n of_o record_n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o old_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v to_o the_o contrary_a it_o shall_v be_v void_a in_o law_n etc._n etc._n and_o say_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o of_o e._n 3.4_o none_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o petition_n or_o suggestion_n make_v to_o the_o king_n or_o to_o his_o council_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a people_n of_o the_o same_o neighbourhood_n where_o such_o deed_n be_v do_v etc._n etc._n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o a_o grand_a jury_n all_o our_o life_n be_v thus_o by_o law_n trust_v to_o the_o care_n of_o our_o grand_a inquest_n that_o none_o may_v be_v put_v to_o answer_v for_o their_o life_n unless_o they_o indict_v they_o if_o a_o causeless_a indictment_n of_o any_o man_n shall_v careless_o pass_v from_o they_o his_o guiltless_a blood_n or_o what_o prejudice_n soever_o the_o accuse_v shall_v thereby_o suffer_v must_v rest_v upon_o they_o who_o by_o breach_n of_o their_o trust_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o it_o their_o fault_n can_v be_v excuse_v by_o the_o prosecution_n of_o a_o attorney_n or_o solicitor_n general_n or_o any_o other_o accuser_n if_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o be_v more_o true_o inform_v in_o the_o case_n whosoever_o prevent_v not_o a_o evil_a when_o he_o may_v consent_v to_o it_o now_o to_o oblige_v these_o juries_n to_o the_o more_o conscientious_a care_n to_o indict_v all_o that_o shall_v appear_v to_o they_o criminal_n and_o to_o save_v every_o innocent_a if_o it_o may_v be_v from_o unjust_a vexation_n and_o danger_n by_o malice_n and_o conspiracy_n our_o ancestor_n appoint_v a_o oath_n to_o be_v impose_v upon_o they_o which_o can_v be_v alter_v except_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n therefore_o every_o grand_a jury_n man_n be_v swear_v as_o the_o foreman_n in_o the_o word_n follow_v viz._n you_o shall_v diligent_o inquire_v and_o true_a presentment_n make_v of_o all_o such_o article_n matter_n and_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v give_v you_o in_o charge_n and_o of_o all_o other_o matter_n and_o thing_n as_o shall_v come_v to_o your_o own_o knowledge_n touch_v this_o present_a service_n the_o king_n council_n your_o fellow_n and_o your_o own_o you_o shall_v keep_v secret_a you_o shall_v present_v no_o person_n for_o hatred_n or_o malice_n neither_o shall_v you_o leave_v any_o one_o unpresented_a for_o favour_n or_o affection_n for_o love_n or_o gain_n or_o any_o hope_n thereof_o but_o in_o all_o thing_n you_o shall_v present_v the_o truth_n the_o whole_a truth_n and_o nothing_o but_o the_o truâ—â—_n to_o the_o best_a of_o your_o knowledge_n so_o hâ—â—_n you_o god_n the_o tenor_n of_o the_o oath_n plain_a save_v in_o those_o word_n all_o suâ—â—_n matter_n and_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v give_v 〈◊〉_d in_o charge_n but_o whensoever_o a_o general_a commission_n of_o over_n and_o terminer_n issue_v all_o capital_a offence_n be_v always_o 〈◊〉_d principal_a matter_n give_v in_o charge_n to_o 〈◊〉_d grand_a jury_n which_o be_v enough_o for_o 〈◊〉_d present_a discourse_n oâ—_n their_o duty_n heâ—â—_n than_o it_o evident_o appear_v that_o eveâ—_n grand_fw-fr jury_n be_v bind_v to_o inquire_v dâ—â—_n gentle_o after_o the_o truth_n of_o every_o thiâ—â—_n for_o which_o they_o shall_v indict_v or_o present_v â—ny_a man_n they_o be_v not_o only_o bind_v 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o eternal_a law_n of_o love_v the_o neighbour_n to_o be_v as_o tender_v of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o good_a name_n of_o every_o man_n as_o of_o the_o own_o and_o therefore_o to_o take_v heed_n to_o the_o truth_n in_o accuse_v or_o indict_v any_o man_n but_o their_o express_a oath_n bind_v they_o to_o 〈◊〉_d diligent_a in_o their_o inquiry_n that_o be_v 〈◊〉_d receive_v no_o suggestion_n of_o any_o crime_n 〈◊〉_d truth_n without_o examine_v all_o the_o circumstance_n about_o it_o that_o fall_v within_o the_o knowledge_n they_o ought_v to_o consider_v the_o first_o informer_n and_o inquire_v as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v into_o their_o aim_n and_o pretence_n in_o their_o prosecution_n if_o revenge_n or_o gain_n shall_v appear_v to_o be_v their_o end_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o great_a suspicion_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o their_o accusation_n the_o law_n intend_v all_o indictment_n to_o be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o his_o people_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o stat._n of_o 42_o e._n 3.3_o next_o the_o jury_n be_v bind_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o matter_n themselves_o whereof_o any_o man_n be_v accuse_v as_o to_o the_o time_n place_n and_o all_o other_o circumstance_n of_o the_o fact_n allege_v there_o have_v be_v false_a informer_n that_o have_v suggest_v thing_n impossible_a for_o instance_n that_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n in_o arm_n be_v keep_v in_o readiness_n for_o a_o exploit_n in_o a_o secret_a place_n as_o if_o they_o can_v have_v be_v hide_v in_o a_o chamber_n or_o a_o cabinet_n the_o jury_n ought_v also_o to_o inquire_v after_o the_o witness_n their_o condition_n and_o quality_n their_o fame_n and_o reputation_n their_o mean_n of_o subsistence_n and_o the_o occasion_n whereby_o the_o fact_n whereof_o they_o bear_v witness_n come_v to_o their_o knowledge_n sometime_o person_n of_o debaucheâ—_n life_n and_o low_a condition_n have_v deposeâ—_n discourse_n and_o treasonable_a council_n against_o person_n of_o honour_n and_o virtue_n so_o unlikely_a to_o come_v to_o their_o knowledge_n if_o such_o thing_n have_v be_v that_o their_o pretence_n of_o be_v privy_a to_o they_o be_v strong_a evidence_n that_o their_o whole_a story_n be_v false_a and_o feign_a it_o be_v also_o agreeable_a unto_o our_o ancient_a law_n and_o practice_n and_o of_o great_a consequence_n in_o case_n 〈◊〉_d treason_n or_o felony_n that_o the_o jury_n inquire_v after_o the_o time_n when_o first_o the_o matter_n depose_v come_v to_o the_o witness_n knowledge_n and_o whether_o they_o pursue_v the_o direction_n of_o the_o law_n in_o the_o immediatâ—_n discovery_n and_o pursuit_n of_o the_o traitor_n oâ—_n felon_n by_o hue_n and_o cry_n or_o otherwise_o oâ—_n how_o long_o they_o conceal_v the_o same_o their_o testimony_n be_v of_o little_a or_o no_o value_n iâ—_n they_o have_v make_v themselves_o partakeâ—_n of_o the_o crime_n by_o their_o voluntary_a concealment_n neither_o may_v the_o jury_n lawful_o omiâ—_n to_o inquire_v concern_v the_o party_n accuse_v of_o their_o quality_n reputation_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o conversation_n with_o many_o other_o circumstance_n from_o whence_o they_o may_v be_v great_o help_v to_o make_v right_a inference_n of_o the_o falsehood_n or_o truth_n of_o the_o crime_n whereof_o any_o man_n shall_v be_v accuse_v the_o jury_n ought_v to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o nothing_o whereof_o they_o can_v inquire_v or_o be_v inform_v that_o may_v in_o their_o understanding_n enable_v they_o to_o make_v a_o true_a presentment_n or_o indictment_n of_o the_o matter_n before_o they_o when_o a_o grand_a jury_n be_v swear_v to_o inquire_v diligent_o after_o all_o treason_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v natural_a and_o necessary_a to_o their_o business_n to_o think_v of_o who_o they_o shall_v inquire_v and_o it_o be_v plain_o and_o easy_o resolve_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o inquire_v of_o every_o man_n that_o can_v or_o will_v inform_v they_o and_o if_o any_o kind_n of_o treason_n be_v suggest_v to_o they_o to_o have_v be_v do_v by_o any_o man_n or_o number_n of_o man_n their_o duty_n be_v the_o same_o in_o that_o particular_a as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o general_a that_o be_v to_o seek_v diligent_o to_o find_v the_o truth_n it_o be_v certain_o inconsistent_a with_o their_o oath_n to_o shut_v their_o ear_n against_o any_o lawful_a man_n that_o can_v tell_v they_o any_o thing_n relate_v unto_o a_o crime_n in_o question_n before_o they_o no_o man_n will_v believe_v nor_o can_v they_o themselves_o think_v that_o they_o desire_v to_o find_v anâ—_n present_v the_o truth_n of_o a_o fact_n if_o they_o shaâ—â—_n refuse_v to_o hear_v any_o man_n who_o shall_v pretend_v such_o knowledge_n of_o it_o or_o such_o material_a circumstance_n as_o may_v be_v useful_a to_o discover_v it_o whether_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v say_v by_o the_o pretender_n will_v answer_v the_o juries_n expectation_n must_v reâ—â—_n in_o their_o judgement_n when_o they_o have_v heaâ—â—_n they_o it_o seem_v therefore_o from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o oath_n that_o there_o be_v no_o bound_n or_o limit_v set_v save_o their_o own_o understanding_n or_o conscience_n to_o restrain_v they_o to_o and_o number_n or_o sort_n of_o person_n of_o who_o they_o
satisfaction_n of_o their_o conscience_n every_o man_n whilst_o he_o live_v innocent_o do_v under_o god_n place_v his_o hope_n of_o security_n in_o the_o law_n which_o can_v give_v no_o protection_n if_o its_o due_a course_n be_v so_o interrupt_v that_o fraud_n can_v be_v discover_v witness_n may_v as_o well_o favour_v offender_n as_o give_v false_a testimony_n against_o the_o guiltless_a and_o if_o they_o by_o hear_v what_o each_o other_o say_v be_v put_v into_o a_o way_n of_o conceal_v their_o villainous_a design_n there_o can_v be_v no_o legal_a revenge_n of_o the_o crime_n already_o commit_v other_o by_o their_o impunity_n will_v be_v encourage_v to_o do_v the_o like_a and_o every_o quiet_a mind_a person_n will_v be_v equal_o expose_v unto_o private_a injury_n and_o such_o as_o may_v be_v do_v unto_o he_o under_o the_o colour_n of_o law_n no_o man_n can_v promise_v unto_o himself_o any_o security_n for_o his_o life_n or_o good_n and_o they_o who_o do_v not_o suffer_v the_o uâ—most_a violence_n in_o their_o own_o person_n may_v do_v it_o in_o their_o child_n friend_n and_o near_a relation_n if_o he_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o remedy_n that_o the_o law_n ordain_v and_o force_v to_o depend_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o a_o judge_n who_o may_v be_v and_o perhaps_o we_o may_v say_v be_v too_o often_o corrupt_v or_o sway_v by_o their_o own_o passion_n interest_n or_o the_o impulse_n of_o such_o as_o be_v great_a than_o they_o this_o mischief_n be_v aggravate_v by_o a_o common_o receive_v opinion_n that_o whosoever_o speak_v against_o a_o accuse_a person_n be_v the_o king_n witness_v and_o the_o worst_a of_o man_n in_o their_o worst_a design_n do_v usual_o shelter_v themselves_o under_o that_o name_n whereas_o he_o only_o be_v the_o king_n witness_v who_o speak_v the_o truth_n whether_o it_o be_v for_o or_o against_o he_o that_o be_v accuse_v as_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n be_v the_o power_n of_o the_o law_n he_o can_v have_v no_o other_o intention_n than_o that_o of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v to_o have_v justice_n impartial_o administer_v and_o as_o he_o be_v the_o father_n of_o his_o people_n he_o can_v but_o incline_v ever_o to_o the_o gentle_a side_n unless_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o a_o father_n to_o delight_v in_o the_o destruction_n or_o desire_v to_o enrich_v himself_o by_o the_o confiscation_n of_o his_o child_n estate_n if_o the_o most_o wicked_a prince_n have_v have_v different_a thought_n they_o have_v be_v oblige_v to_o dissemble_v they_o we_o know_v of_o none_o worse_o than_o nero_n but_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o acknowledge_v that_o he_o desire_v any_o man_n condemnation_n that_o he_o look_v upon_o the_o necessity_n of_o sign_v warrant_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o malefactor_n letteras_fw-la sne._n vit._n ner._n utinam_fw-la nescirem_fw-la letteras_fw-la as_o a_o burden_n and_o rather_o wish_v he_o have_v not_o learn_v to_o write_v than_o to_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v it_o they_o who_o by_o spread_v such_o barbarous_a error_n will_v create_v unto_o the_o king_n a_o interest_n different_a from_o that_o of_o his_o people_n which_o he_o be_v to_o preserve_v whilst_o they_o pretend_v to_o serve_v he_o in_o destroy_v of_o they_o they_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o honour_n and_o dignity_n justice_n be_v do_v in_o all_o place_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n it_o be_v presume_v that_o he_o do_v embrace_v every_o one_o of_o his_o subject_n with_o equal_a tenderness_n until_o the_o guilty_a be_v by_o legal_a proof_n discriminate_v from_o the_o innocent_a and_o among_o we_o the_o king_n name_n may_v be_v use_v in_o civil_a case_n as_o well_o as_o criminal_a but_o it_o be_v as_o impossible_a for_o he_o right_o to_o desire_v i_o shall_v be_v condemn_v for_o kill_v a_o man_n who_o i_o have_v not_o kill_v or_o a_o treason_n that_o i_o have_v not_o commit_v as_o that_o my_o land_n shall_v be_v unjust_o take_v from_o i_o by_o a_o judgement_n in_o his_o bench_n or_o i_o shall_v be_v condemn_v to_o pay_v a_o debt_n that_o i_o do_v not_o owe._n in_o both_o case_n we_o sue_v unto_o he_o for_o justice_n and_o demand_v it_o as_o our_o right_n we_o be_v all_o concern_v in_o it_o public_o and_o private_o and_o the_o king_n as_o well_o as_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o justice_n be_v by_o their_o several_a oath_n oblige_v in_o their_o respective_a capacity_n to_o perform_v it_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v their_o assistance_n to_o find_v out_o offender_n and_o the_o king_n attorney_n be_v by_o his_o oath_n to_o prosecute_v they_o if_o he_o be_v require_v and_o he_o be_v not_o only_o the_o king_n servant_n in_o such_o case_n but_o the_o nation_n or_o rather_o can_v otherwise_o serve_v the_o king_n than_o by_o see_v justice_n do_v in_o the_o nation_n whensoever_o any_o man_n receive_v a_o injury_n in_o his_o person_n wife_n child_n friend_n or_o good_n the_o king_n be_v injure_v in_o as_o much_o as_o he_o be_v by_o his_o office_n to_o prevent_v such_o mischief_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v concern_v in_o the_o welfare_n of_o every_o one_o of_o his_o subject_n but_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o injury_n be_v do_v be_v the_o immediate_a sufferer_n and_o the_o prosecution_n be_v principal_o make_v that_o they_o may_v be_v repare_v or_o revenge_v and_o other_o innocent_a person_n secure_v by_o the_o punishment_n of_o offender_n in_o which_o the_o king_n can_v be_v no_o otherwise_o concern_v than_o as_o he_o be_v to_o see_v his_o office_n faithful_o perform_v and_o his_o people_n protect_v the_o king_n suit_n therefore_o be_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o his_o people_n yet_o the_o law_n leave_v unto_o every_o man_n a_o liberty_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n murder_n rape_n robbery_n etc._n etc._n to_o sue_v in_o the_o king_n name_n and_o crave_v his_o aid_n or_o by_o way_n of_o appeal_n in_o his_o own_o the_o same_o law_n look_v upon_o felon_n or_o traitor_n as_o public_a enemy_n and_o by_o authorise_v every_o one_o to_o pursue_v or_o apprehend_v they_o teach_v we_o that_o every_o man_n in_o his_o place_n aught_o to_o do_v it_o the_o same_o act_n whereby_o one_o or_o a_o few_o be_v injure_v threaten_v all_o and_o every_o man_n private_a interest_n so_o concur_v with_o that_o of_o the_o public_a that_o all_o depend_v upon_o the_o exact_a preservation_n of_o the_o method_n prescribe_v by_o the_o law_n for_o the_o impartial_a inquisition_n after_o suspect_a offender_n and_o most_o tender_a care_n of_o preserve_v such_o as_o be_v innocent_a as_o this_o can_v possible_o be_v effect_v without_o secret_a and_o separate_a examination_n the_o forbid_v of_o they_o be_v no_o less_o than_o to_o change_v the_o course_n which_o be_v enjoin_v by_o law_n confirm_v by_o custom_n and_o ground_v upon_o reason_n and_o justice_n if_o on_o the_o other_o side_n any_o man_n believe_v that_o such_o as_o in_o the_o king_n name_n prosecute_v suspect_v delinquent_n aught_o only_o to_o try_v how_o they_o may_v bring_v they_o to_o be_v condemn_v he_o may_v be_v please_v to_o consider_v that_o all_o such_o person_n ought_v according_a unto_o law_n to_o produce_v no_o witness_n who_o they_o do_v not_o think_v to_o be_v true_a no_o evidence_n which_o they_o do_v not_o believe_v good_a nor_o can_v conceal_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v justify_v the_o accuse_v no_o trick_n or_o artifice_n can_v be_v lawful_o use_v to_o deceive_v a_o grand_a jury_n or_o induce_v they_o to_o find_v or_o reject_v a_o bill_n otherwise_o than_o as_o they_o be_v lead_v by_o their_o own_o conscience_n all_o lawyer_n be_v ancient_o swear_v to_o put_v no_o deceit_n upon_o the_o court_n for_o their_o client_n sake_n and_o there_o be_v statute_n still_o in_o force_n to_o punish_v they_o if_o they_o do_v it_o but_o there_o be_v a_o eternal_a obligation_n upon_o such_o as_o be_v of_o counsel_n against_o person_n accuse_v of_o crime_n not_o to_o use_v such_o art_n as_o may_v bring_v the_o innocent_a to_o be_v condemn_v and_o thereby_o pervert_v that_o which_o be_v not_o call_v the_o judgement_n of_o man_n but_o of_o god_n because_o man_n render_v it_o in_o the_o stead_n and_o by_o the_o commandment_n of_o god_n such_o practice_n exalt_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o tribunal_n but_o infect_v and_o pollute_v they_o with_o that_o innocent_a blood_n which_o will_v be_v their_o overthrow_n and_o lest_o of_o all_o can_v it_o be_v call_v a_o service_n to_o the_o king_n since_o none_o can_v ever_o stand_v against_o the_o cry_n of_o it_o this_o be_v necessary_o employ_v in_o the_o attorney_n general_a his_o oath_n to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o his_o kingly_a office_n wherein_o the_o law_n presume_v he_o can_v do_v no_o wrong_n but_o the_o great_a of_o all_o wrong_n and_o that_o which_o have_v be_v most_o destructive_a unto_o throne_n be_v by_o fraud_n to_o circumvent_v
that_o grand_a jury_n have_v both_o a_o large_a field_n for_o their_o inquiry_n and_o be_v in_o many_o respect_v better_a capacitate_v to_o make_v a_o strict_a one_o than_o the_o petit_fw-fr juries_n these_o last_o be_v confine_v as_o to_o the_o person_n and_o the_o crime_n specify_v in_o the_o indictment_n but_o they_o be_v at_o large_a oblige_v to_o search_v into_o the_o whole_a matter_n that_o any_o way_n concern_v every_o case_n before_o they_o and_o all_o the_o offence_n contain_v in_o it_o all_o the_o criminal_a circumstance_n whatsoever_o and_o into_o every_o thing_n howsoever_o concern_v the_o same_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o inquire_v whether_o their_o information_n of_o suspect_v treason_n or_o felony_n bring_v by_o accuser_n be_v make_v by_o conspiracy_n or_o subornation_n who_o be_v the_o conspirator_n or_o false_a witness_n by_o who_o abet_v or_o maintain_v against_o who_o and_o how_o many_o the_o conspiracy_n be_v lay_v when_o and_o how_o and_o in_o what_o course_n it_o be_v to_o have_v be_v prosecute_v but_o none_o of_o these_o most_o intricate_a matter_n which_o need_v the_o most_o strict_a and_o diligent_a inquiry_n can_v come_v under_o the_o cognisance_n of_o the_o petit_fw-fr jury_n they_o can_v only_o examine_v so_o much_o as_o relate_v to_o the_o credit_n of_o those_o witness_n bring_v to_o prove_v the_o charge_n against_o the_o party_n indict_v wherein_o also_o they_o have_v neither_o power_n nor_o convenient_a time_n to_o send_v for_o person_n or_o paper_n if_o they_o think_v they_o needful_a nor_o to_o resolve_v any_o doubt_n of_o the_o lawfulness_n and_o credibility_n of_o the_o testimony_n yet_o further_o if_o the_o crime_n object_v be_v manifest_a it_o be_v then_o the_o grand_a jury_n duty_n to_o inquire_v after_o all_o the_o person_n any_o way_n concern_v in_o they_o and_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o offence_n whereof_o every_o one_o ought_v joint_o or_o separately_z to_o be_v indict_v as_o they_o shall_v discover_v they_o to_o have_v be_v principal_n or_o accessory_n party_n or_o privy_a thereunto_o or_o to_o have_v comfort_v or_o know_o relieve_v either_o the_o traitor_n or_o felon_n or_o conceal_v the_o offence_n of_o other_o but_o the_o inquisition_n into_o all_o these_o matter_n which_o require_v all_o possible_a strictness_n in_o search_v as_o be_v of_o the_o high_a importance_n unto_o the_o public_a justice_n and_o safety_n be_v whole_o out_o of_o the_o power_n &_o trust_n of_o the_o petit_fw-fr juries_n the_o guilt_n or_o innocence_n of_o the_o party_n put_v upon_o their_o trial_n &_o the_o evidence_n thereof_o give_v be_v the_o only_a object_n of_o their_o inquiry_n it_o be_v not_o their_o work_n nor_o within_o their_o trust_n to_o search_v into_o all_o the_o guilt_n or_o crime_n of_o the_o party_n who_o they_o try_v they_o be_v bind_v to_o move_v within_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o indictment_n make_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n who_o be_v to_o appoint_v and_o specify_v the_o offence_n for_o which_o the_o accuse_v shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o petit_fw-fr jury_n when_o a_o prosecutor_n suggest_v that_o any_o man_n be_v criminal_a and_o aught_o to_o be_v indict_v it_o belong_v to_o the_o grand_a jury_n to_o hear_v all_o the_o proof_n he_o can_v offer_v &_o to_o use_v all_o other_o mean_v they_o can_v whereby_o they_o may_v come_v to_o understand_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o suggestion_n &_o every_o thing_n or_o circumstance_n that_o may_v concern_v it_o then_o they_o be_v careful_o to_o examine_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o fact_n according_a unto_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o com._n law_n or_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n whereby_o offence_n be_v distinguish_v and_o punishment_n allot_v unto_o each_o of_o they_o it_o be_v true_a that_o upon_o heat_n the_o party_n or_o his_o witness_n the_o petit_fw-fr jury_n may_v acquit_v or_o judge_v the_o fact_n in_o the_o indictment_n to_o be_v less_o heinous_a or_o malicious_a than_o they_o be_v present_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n but_o can_v aggravate_v they_o which_o be_v consider_v it_o will_v easy_o appear_v by_o the_o intent_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o power_n give_v unto_o grand_a jury_n that_o they_o be_v by_o their_o oath_n oblige_v and_o their_o institution_n ordain_v to_o keep_v all_o injustice_n from_o enter_v the_o first_o gate_n of_o our_o court_n of_o judicature_n and_o to_o secure_v the_o innocent_a not_o only_o from_o punishment_n but_o from_o all_o disgrace_n vexation_n expense_n or_o danger_n to_o understand_v our_o law_n clear_o herein_o the_o juror_n must_v first_o know_v the_o lawful_a ground_n whereupon_o they_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o indict_v and_o then_o what_o true_o and_o just_o aught_o to_o be_v take_v for_o the_o ground_n of_o a_o indictment_n the_o principal_a and_o most_o certain_a be_v the_o juror_n personal_a knowledge_n by_o their_o own_o eye_n or_o ear_n of_o the_o crime_n whereof_o they_o indict_v or_o so_o many_o pregnant_a concur_v circumstance_n as_o full_o convince_v they_o of_o the_o guilt_n of_o the_o accuse_v when_o these_o be_v want_v the_o deposition_n of_o witness_n and_o their_o authority_n be_v their_o best_a guide_n in_o find_v indictment_n when_o such_o testimony_n make_v the_o charge_n manifest_a and_o clear_a to_o the_o jury_n they_o be_v call_v evidence_n because_o they_o make_v the_o guilt_n of_o the_o criminal_a evident_a and_o be_v like_o the_o light_n that_o discover_v what_o be_v not_o see_v before_o all_o witness_n for_o that_o reason_n be_v usual_o call_v the_o evidence_n take_v their_o name_n from_o what_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v yet_o witness_n may_v swear_v direct_o and_o positive_o to_o a_o accusation_n and_o be_v no_o evidence_n of_o its_o truth_n to_o the_o jury_n sometime_o such_o remark_n may_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o witness_n as_o well_o in_o relation_n to_o their_o reputation_n and_o life_n as_o to_o the_o matter_n manner_n and_o circumstance_n of_o their_o deposition_n that_o from_o thence_o the_o falsehood_n may_v appear_v or_o be_v strong_o suspect_v it_o be_v therefore_o necessary_a to_o know_v what_o they_o mean_v by_o a_o probable_a cause_n or_o evidence_n who_o say_v that_o our_o law_n require_v no_o more_o for_o a_o indictment_n probable_a be_v a_o logical_a term_n relate_v to_o such_o proposition_n as_o have_v a_o appearance_n but_o no_o certainty_n of_o truth_n show_v rather_o what_o be_v not_o than_o what_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o syllogism_n these_o may_v be_v allow_v in_o rhetoric_n which_o work_v upon_o passion_n and_o make_v use_v of_o such_o colors_z as_o be_v fit_a to_o move_v they_o whether_o true_a or_o false_a but_o not_o in_o logic_n who_o object_n be_v truth_n as_o it_o principal_o intend_v to_o obviate_v the_o error_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o the_o credit_n give_v unto_o appearance_n by_o distinguish_v the_o uncertain_a from_o the_o certain_a verisimile_fw-la à _fw-la vero_fw-la it_o can_v admit_v of_o such_o proposition_n as_o may_v be_v false_a as_o well_o as_o true_a it_o be_v as_o impossible_a to_o draw_v a_o certain_a conclusion_n from_o uncertain_a premise_n as_o to_o raise_v a_o solid_a building_n upon_o a_o totter_a or_o sink_v foundation_n this_o ought_v principal_o to_o be_v consider_v in_o court_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v not_o erect_v to_o bring_v man_n into_o condemnation_n but_o to_o find_v who_o deserve_v to_o be_v condemn_v and_o those_o rule_n be_v to_o be_v follow_v by_o they_o which_o be_v least_o liable_a to_o deception_n for_o this_o reason_n the_o council_n of_o the_o areopagite_n and_o some_o other_o of_o the_o best_a judicature_n that_o have_v be_v in_o the_o world_n utter_o reject_v the_o use_n of_o rhetoric_n look_v upon_o the_o art_n of_o persuade_v by_o uncertain_a probability_n as_o little_o differ_v from_o that_o of_o deceive_v &_o direct_o contrary_a to_o their_o end_n who_o by_o the_o knowledge_n of_o truth_n desire_v to_o be_v lead_v into_o the_o do_n of_o justice_n but_o if_o the_o art_n that_o make_v use_v of_o their_o probability_n be_v banish_v from_o uncorrupted_a tribunal_n as_o a_o hindrance_n unto_o the_o discovery_n of_o truth_n they_o that_o will_v ground_v verdict_n total_o upon_o they_o declare_v a_o open_a neglect_n of_o it_o and_o as_o it_o be_v say_v that_o uno_fw-la absurdo_fw-la dato_fw-la mille_fw-la sequuntur_fw-la if_o juries_n be_v to_o be_v guide_v by_o probability_n the_o next_o question_n will_v be_v concern_v the_o more_o or_o less_o probable_a or_o what_o degree_n of_o probability_n be_v require_v to_o persuade_v they_o to_o find_v a_o bill_n this_o be_v impossible_a to_o fix_v the_o whole_a proceed_n will_v be_v bring_v to_o depend_v upon_o the_o fancy_n of_o man_n and_o as_o nothing_o be_v so_o slight_a but_o it_o may_v move_v they_o there_o be_v no_o security_n that_o innocent_a person_n may_v not_o be_v bring_v every_o day_n into_o danger_n and_o trouble_n by_o this_o mean_n certain_a
can_v sure_o be_v imagine_v that_o the_o suggestion_n make_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n have_v no_o probability_n in_o they_o or_o that_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n cause_n or_o reason_n for_o the_o king_n to_o put_v the_o party_n to_o answer_v the_o accusation_n but_o the_o grievance_n and_o complaint_n be_v that_o the_o people_n suffer_v certain_a damage_n and_o vexation_n upon_o untrue_a and_o at_o best_a uncertain_a accusation_n and_o that_o therein_o the_o law_n be_v pervert_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n take_v upon_o they_o to_o judge_v of_o the_o certainty_n or_o truth_n of_o they_o which_o of_o right_n belong_v to_o the_o grand_a jury_n only_o upon_o who_o judgement_n and_o integrity_n our_o law_n do_v whole_o rely_v for_o the_o indemnity_n of_o the_o innocent_a and_o the_o punishment_n of_o all_o such_o as_o do_v unjust_o molest_v they_o our_o law_n have_v not_o think_v fit_a so_o absolute_o to_o depend_v upon_o the_o oath_n of_o witness_n as_o to_o allow_v that_o upon_o two_o or_o ten_o man_n swear_v positive_o treason_n or_o felony_n against_o any_o man_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o all_o the_o judge_n or_o before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n that_o the_o party_n accuse_v be_v he_o either_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o commoner_n shall_v without_o further_a inquiry_n be_v thereupon_o arraign_v and_o put_v upon_o his_o trial_n for_o his_o life_n yet_o none_o can_v doubt_v but_o there_o be_v something_o of_o probability_n in_o such_o deposition_n nevertheless_o the_o law_n refer_v those_o matter_n unto_o grand_a jury_n and_o no_o man_n can_v be_v bring_v to_o trial_n until_o upon_o such_o strict_a inquiry_n as_o be_v before_o say_v the_o indictment_n be_v find_v the_o law_n be_v so_o strict_a in_o these_o inquiry_n that_o though_o the_o crime_n be_v never_o so_o notorious_a may_v if_o treason_n shall_v be_v confess_v in_o write_v under_o hand_n and_o seal_v before_o justice_n of_o peace_n secretary_n of_o state_n or_o the_o king_n and_o council_n yet_o before_o the_o party_n can_v be_v arraign_v for_o it_o the_o grand_a jury_n must_v inquire_v and_o be_v satisfy_v whether_o such_o a_o confession_n be_v clear_a and_o certain_a whether_o there_o be_v no_o collusion_n therein_o or_o the_o party_n induce_v to_o such_o confession_n by_o promise_n of_o pardon_n or_o that_o some_o pretend_a partaker_n in_o the_o crime_n may_v be_v defame_v or_o destroy_v thereby_o they_o must_v inquire_v whether_o the_o confession_n be_v not_o extort_a by_o fear_n threaten_n or_o force_n and_o whether_o the_o party_n be_v true_o compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la of_o sound_a mind_n and_o reason_n at_o that_o time_n the_o stat._n 5._o eliz._n cap._n 1._o declare_v the_o ancient_a common_a law_n concern_v the_o trust_n and_o duty_n of_o juries_n and_o enact_n that_o none_o shall_v be_v indict_v for_o assist_v aid_a comfort_a or_o abelt_a criminal_n in_o the_o treason_n therein_o make_v and_o declare_v unless_o he_o or_o they_o be_v thereof_o lawful_o accuse_v by_o such_o good_a and_o sufficient_a testimony_n or_o proof_n as_o by_o the_o jury_n by_o who_o he_o shall_v be_v indict_v shall_v be_v think_v good_a lawful_a and_o sufficient_a to_o prove_v he_o or_o they_o guilty_a of_o the_o say_a offence_n herein_o be_v declare_v the_o only_a true_a reason_n of_o indictment_n i._n e._n the_o grand_a jury_n judgement_n that_o they_o have_v such_o testimony_n as_o they_o esteem_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v the_o party_n indite_v guilty_a of_o the_o crime_n whereof_o he_o be_v accuse_v and_o whatsoever_o the_o indictment_n do_v contain_v they_o be_v to_o present_v no_o more_o or_o other_o crime_n than_o be_v prove_v to_o their_o satisfaction_n as_o upon_o oath_n they_o declare_v it_o be_v when_o they_o present_v it_o this_o exactness_n be_v not_o only_o require_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o crime_n but_o in_o the_o circumstance_n and_o any_o doubtfulness_n or_o uncertainty_n in_o they_o make_v the_o indictment_n &_o all_o proceed_n upon_o it_o by_o the_o petit_fw-fr jury_n to_o be_v insufficient_a and_o void_a and_o hold_v for_o none_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o follow_a case_n in_o young_n case_n in_o the_o lord_n cook_n report_v lib._n 4._o fol._n 40._o a_o indictment_n for_o murder_n be_v declare_v void_a for_o its_o incertainty_n because_o the_o jury_n have_v not_o lay_v certainty_n in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o body_n the_o mortal_a wound_n be_v give_v say_v only_o that_o it_o be_v about_o his_o breast_n the_o word_n be_v unam_fw-la plagam_fw-la mortalem_fw-la circiter_fw-la pectus_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n in_o vaux_n case_n cook_n rep._n lib._n 4._o fol._n 44._o he_o be_v indict_v for_o poison_v ridley_n the_o jury_n have_v not_o plain_o and_o express_o aver_v that_o ridley_n drink_v the_o poison_n though_o other_o word_n employ_v it_o and_o thereupon_o the_o indictment_n be_v judge_v insufficient_a for_o say_v the_o book_n the_o matter_n of_o a_o indictment_n ought_v to_o be_v full_a express_a and_o certain_a and_o shall_v not_o be_v maintain_v by_o argument_n or_o implication_n for_o that_o the_o indictment_n be_v find_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o roll_n report_v p._n 263._o smith_n and_o malls_n case_v the_o indictment_n be_v quash_v for_o incertainty_n because_o the_o jury_n have_v aver_v that_o smith_n be_v either_o a_o servant_n or_o deputy_n smith_n existens_fw-la servus_n sive_fw-la deputatus_fw-la be_v the_o word_n it_o be_v doubtless_o probable_o enough_o prove_v to_o the_o jury_n that_o he_o be_v either_o a_o deputy_n or_o servant_n but_o because_o the_o indictment_n do_v not_o absolute_o and_o certain_o aver_v his_o condition_n either_o of_o servant_n or_o deputy_n it_o be_v declare_v void_a if_o there_o be_v any_o defect_n of_o certainty_n in_o the_o grand_a jury_n verdict_n no_o proof_n or_o evidence_n to_o the_o petit_fw-fr jury_n can_v supply_v it_o so_o it_o be_v judge_v in_o write_v and_o wig_n case_n coke_n 4._o rep._n fol._n 45_o 46_o 47._o it_o be_v lay_v that_o write_v be_v kill_v at_o shipperton_n but_o do_v not_o aver_v that_o shipperton_n be_v within_o the_o verge_n though_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v and_o no_o averment_n or_o oath_n to_o the_o petit_fw-fr jury_n can_v supply_v that_o small_a faileur_fw-fr of_o certainty_n to_o support_v the_o indictment_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v render_v in_o these_o word_n viz._n the_o indictment_n be_v veredictum_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la dictum_fw-la veritatis_fw-la a_o verdict_n that_o be_v a_o say_n of_o truth_n and_o matter_n of_o record_n aught_o to_o contain_v the_o whole_a truth_n which_o be_v requisite_a by_o the_o law_n for_o when_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v it_o be_v the_o same_o as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o and_o every_o material_a part_n of_o the_o indictment_n ought_v to_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o oath_n if_o the_o indicter_n and_o can_v be_v supply_v by_o the_o averment_n of_o the_o party_n the_o grand_a jury_n verdict_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o judicial_a proceed_n against_o capital_a offender_n at_o the_o king_n suit_n if_o that_o fail_v in_o any_o point_n of_o certainty_n both_o conviction_n and_o acquittal_n thereupon_o be_v utter_o void_a and_o the_o proceed_n against_o both_o may_v begin_v again_o as_o if_o they_o have_v never_o be_v try_v as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o case_n last_o cite_v fol._n 47._o now_o as_o the_o law_n require_v from_o the_o grand_a jury_n particular_a certain_a and_o precise_a affirmation_n of_o truth_n so_o it_o expect_v that_o they_o shall_v look_v for_o the_o like_a and_o accept_v of_o no_o other_o from_o such_o as_o bring_v accusation_n to_o they_o for_o no_o man_n can_v certain_o affirm_v that_o which_o be_v uncertain_o deliver_v unto_o he_o or_o which_o he_o do_v not_o firm_o believe_v the_o witness_n that_o they_o receive_v for_o good_a be_v to_o depose_v only_o absolute_a certainty_n about_o the_o fact_n commit_v that_o be_v what_o they_o have_v see_v or_o hear_v from_o the_o accuse_a party_n themselves_o not_o what_o other_o have_v tell_v they_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suffer_v to_o make_v probable_a argument_n and_o infer_v from_o thence_o the_o guilt_n of_o the_o accuse_o their_o deposition_n ought_v to_o be_v positive_a plain_a direct_a and_o full_a the_o crime_n be_v to_o be_v swear_v without_o any_o doubtfulness_n or_o obscurity_n not_o in_o word_n qualify_v &_o limit_v to_o belief_n conception_n or_o apprehension_n this_o absolute_a certainty_n require_v in_o the_o deposition_n of_o the_o witness_n be_v one_o principal_a ground_n of_o the_o jury_n most_o rational_a assurance_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o their_o verdict_n the_o credit_n also_o of_o the_o witness_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a from_o all_o blemish_n that_o good_a and_o conscientious_a man_n may_v rational_o rely_v upon_o they_o in_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a moment_n as_o the_o blood_n
of_o a_o man_n it_o must_v also_o be_v certain_o evident_a that_o all_o the_o matter_n which_o they_o depose_v be_v consistent_a with_o each_o other_o and_o accompany_v with_o such_o circumstance_n as_o in_o their_o judgement_n render_v it_o credible_a all_o just_a indictment_n must_v be_v build_v upon_o these_o moral_a assurance_n which_o the_o wisdom_n of_o all_o nation_n have_v devise_v as_o the_o best_a and_o only_a way_n of_o decide_v controversy_n neither_o can_v a_o grand_a jury_n man_n who_o swear_v to_o present_v nothing_o but_o the_o truth_n be_v satisfy_v with_o less_o it_o be_v scarce_o credible_a that_o any_o learned_a in_o our_o law_n shall_v tell_v a_o grand_a jury_n that_o a_o far_o less_o evidence_n will_v warrant_v their_o indictment_n be_v but_o a_o accusation_n than_o the_o petit_fw-fr jury_n ought_v to_o have_v for_o their_o verdict_n both_o of_o they_o do_v in_o like_a manner_n plain_o and_o positive_o affirm_v upon_o their_o oath_n the_o truth_n of_o the_o accusation_n their_o verdict_n be_v indeed_o one_o and_o the_o same_o in_o substance_n and_o sense_n though_o not_o in_o word_n there_o be_v no_o real_a difference_n between_o affirm_v in_o write_v that_o a_o indictment_n of_o treason_n be_v true_a as_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o grand_a jury_n and_o say_v that_o the_o party_n try_v thereupon_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o treason_n whereof_o he_o be_v indict_v as_o be_v the_o course_n of_o petit_fw-fr juries_n they_o be_v both_o upon_o their_o oath_n they_o be_v equal_o obligatory_a into_o both_o the_o one_o therefore_o must_v expect_v the_o same_o proof_n for_o their_o satisfaction_n as_o the_o other_o and_o as_o clear_a evidence_n must_v be_v require_v for_o a_o indictment_n as_o for_o a_o verdict_n it_o be_v unreasonable_a to_o think_v that_o a_o slight_a proof_n shall_v satisfy_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o great_a jury_n than_o be_v requisite_a to_o convince_v the_o less_o and_o uncharitable_a to_o imagine_v that_o those_o shall_v not_o be_v as_o sensible_a as_o the_o other_o of_o the_o sacred_a security_n they_o have_v give_v by_o oath_n to_o do_v nothing_o in_o their_o office_n but_o according_a to_o truth_n if_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v any_o difference_n in_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o grand_a and_o petit_fw-fr juries_n the_o great_a exactness_n and_o diligence_n seem_v to_o be_v require_v in_o the_o grand_a for_o as_o the_o same_o work_n of_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n in_o order_n to_o the_o do_v of_o justice_n be_v allot_v unto_o both_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o burden_n aught_o to_o lie_v upon_o they_o that_o have_v the_o best_a opportunity_n of_o perform_v it_o the_o invalidity_n weakness_n or_o defect_n of_o the_o proof_n may_v be_v equal_o evident_a to_o either_o of_o they_o but_o if_o there_o be_v deceit_n in_o stifle_v true_a testimony_n or_o malice_n in_o suborn_v wicked_a person_n to_o bring_v in_o such_o as_o be_v false_a the_o grand_a jury_n may_v most_o easy_o nay_o probable_o can_v only_o discover_v it_o they_o be_v not_o straighten_a in_o time_n they_o may_v free_o examine_v in_o private_a without_o interruption_n from_o the_o council_n or_o court_n such_o witness_n as_o be_v present_v unto_o they_o or_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a to_o call_v they_o may_v joint_o or_o several_o inquire_v of_o their_o friend_n or_o acquaintance_n after_o the_o life_n and_o reputation_n of_o the_o witness_n or_o the_o accuse_a person_n and_o all_o circumstance_n relate_v unto_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n and_o consult_v together_o under_o the_o seal_n of_o secrecy_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o petty_a jury_n be_v charge_v with_o the_o prisoner_n act_n in_o open_a court_n under_o the_o awe_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v subject_a to_o be_v disturb_v or_o interrupt_v by_o council_n deprive_v of_o all_o opportunity_n of_o consult_v one_o another_o until_o the_o evidence_n be_v sum_v up_o and_o not_o suffer_v to_o eat_v or_o drink_v until_o they_o bring_v in_o a_o verdict_n so_o be_v it_o almost_o impossible_a for_o they_o thus_o limit_v to_o discover_v such_o evil_a practice_n as_o may_v be_v use_v for_o or_o against_o the_o prisoner_n by_o subornation_n or_o perjury_n to_o pervert_v justice_n if_o therefore_o the_o grand_a jury_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o perform_v this_o part_n of_o their_o duty_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o imagine_v how_o it_o shall_v be_v do_v at_o all_o and_o it_o be_v much_o more_o inconceivable_a how_o they_o can_v satisfy_v their_o conscience_n if_o they_o so_o neglect_v as_o to_o find_v a_o bill_n upon_o a_o imperfect_a evidence_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o prisoner_n in_o expectation_n that_o it_o will_v be_v supply_v at_o the_o bar_n it_o concern_v they_o therefore_o to_o remember_v that_o if_o they_o proceed_v upon_o such_o uncertainty_n they_o will_v certain_o give_v incurable_a wound_n into_o their_o neighbour_n reputation_n in_o order_n unto_o the_o destruction_n of_o their_o person_n whatever_o ground_n this_o doctrine_n of_o indict_v upon_o slight_a proof_n may_v have_v get_v in_o our_o day_n it_o be_v as_o we_o have_v see_v both_o against_o law_n and_o reason_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o former_a time_n my_o lord_n coke_n in_o his_o comment_n on_o westm_n 2d_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o those_o day_n and_o as_o yet_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v indictment_n take_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o party_n be_v form_v upon_o plain_a and_o direct_a proof_n and_o not_o upon_o probability_n and_o inference_n herein_o we_o see_v that_o the_o practice_n of_o our_o forefather_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o this_o great_a and_o judicious_a lawyer_n be_v direct_o against_o this_o new_a doctrine_n and_o some_o that_o have_v careful_o look_v backward_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v very_o few_o example_n of_o man_n acquit_v by_o petit_fw-fr juries_n because_o grand_a jury_n of_o old_a be_v so_o wary_a in_o canvas_v every_o thing_n narrow_o and_o so_o sensible_a of_o their_o duty_n in_o proceed_v according_a unto_o truth_n upon_o satisfactory_a evidence_n that_o few_o or_o none_o be_v bring_v unto_o trial_n till_o their_o gild_n seem_v evident_a it_o be_v therefore_o a_o great_a mistake_n to_o think_v that_o the_o second_o juries_n be_v institute_v for_o the_o hear_n of_o full_a proof_n that_o be_v not_o their_o work_n but_o to_o give_v a_o opportunity_n to_o the_o accuse_a person_n to_o answer_v for_o themselves_o and_o make_v their_o defence_n which_o can_v be_v think_v to_o strengthen_v the_o evidence_n unless_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o play_v booty_n against_o their_o own_o life_n by_o way_n of_o answer_v the_o prisoner_n may_v avoid_v the_o charge_n he_o be_v permit_v to_o take_v exception_n he_o may_v demur_v or_o plead_v to_o the_o indictment_n in_o point_n of_o law_n herein_o the_o judge_n ought_v to_o assist_v he_o and_o appoint_v counsel_n if_o he_o desire_v it_o he_o may_v show_v that_o the_o indictor_n i._n e._n the_o grand_a jury_n or_o some_o of_o they_o be_v not_o lawful_a man_n or_o not_o lawful_o return_v by_o the_o sheriff_n embracery_n or_o practice_n may_v be_v prove_v in_o the_o pack_v of_o the_o jury_n a_o conspiracy_n or_o subornation_n may_v be_v discover_v falsehood_n may_v be_v find_v out_o in_o the_o witness_n by_o question_n about_o some_o circumstance_n that_o none_o can_v have_v ask_v or_o imagine_v except_o the_o party_n accuse_v and_o beside_o do_v right_a to_o the_o indict_v in_o these_o and_o many_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v the_o people_n due_a to_o have_v all_o the_o evidence_n first_o take_v in_o private_a to_o be_v afterward_o make_v public_a at_o the_o trial_n that_o the_o kingdom_n may_v be_v satisfy_v in_o the_o equal_a administration_n of_o justice_n and_o that_o the_o judgement_n against_o criminal_n may_v be_v of_o great_a terror_n and_o more_o useful_a to_o preserve_v the_o common_a peace_n if_o any_o object_n that_o this_o doctrine_n will_v introduce_v double_a trial_n for_o every_o offence_n and_o all_o the_o delay_n that_o accompany_v they_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o nulla_fw-la unquam_fw-la de_fw-la morte_fw-la hominis_fw-la cunctatio_fw-la longa_n est_fw-la ju._n sat._n no_o delay_n be_v to_o be_v esteem_v long_o when_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n be_v in_o question_n the_o punishment_n of_o a_o offendor_n that_o be_v a_o little_a defer_v may_v be_v compensated_a by_o its_o severity_n but_o blood_n rash_o spill_v can_v be_v gather_v up_o and_o a_o land_n pollute_v by_o it_o be_v hardly_o cleanse_v wise_a and_o good_a man_n in_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n have_v ever_o proceed_v with_o extreme_a caution_n while_o the_o swift_a of_o foot_n be_v in_o the_o scripture_n represent_v under_o a_o ill_a character_n and_o have_v be_v often_o find_v in_o their_o haste_n to_o draw_v more_o guilt_n upon_o themselves_o than_o what_o they_o pretend_v to_o chastise_v in_o other_o to_o avoid_v this_o mischief_n in_o