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A30903 Theses theologicæ: or The theological propositions, which are defended by Robert Barclay, in his apology for the true Christian divinity as the same is held forth and preached, by the people called Quakers. First printed about the year, 1675. And since then, reprinted several times, to prevent mistakes concerning that people. Barclay, Robert, 1648-1690. 1675 (1675) Wing B737; ESTC R216281 7,084 18

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Theses Theologicae OR THE Theological PROPOSITIONS Which are Defended By ROBERT BARCLAY In his Apology for the True Christian Divinity as the same is held forth and Preached by the People called QUAKERS First Printed about the Year 1675. And since then Reprinted several Times to prevent Mistakes concerning that People The First Proposition Concerning the True Foundation of Knowledge SEEING the heighth of all Happiness is placed in the True Knowledge of God This is Life Eternal to know thee the only true God and Jesus Christ whom thou hast sent the true and right Understanding of this Foundation and Ground of knowledge is that which is most necessary to be Known and Believed in the first place The Second Proposition Concerning Immediate Revelation Seeing no Man knoweth the Father but the Son and he to whom the Son revealeth him and seeing the Revelation of the Son is in and by the Spirit therefore the Testimony of the Spirit is that alone by which the true Knowledge of God hath been is and can be only revealed who as by the Moving of his own Spirit converted the Chaos of this World into that wonderful Order wherein it was in the beginning and created Man a Living Soul to Rule and Govern it so by the Revelation of the same Spirit he hath manifested himself all along unto the Sons of Men both Patriarchs Prophets and Apostles which Revelations of God by the Spirit whether by outward Voices and Appearances Dreams or inward objective Manifestations in the Heart were of Old the formal Object of their Faith and remaineth yet so to be since the Object of the Saints Faith is the same in all Ages tho' set forth under divers Administrations Moreover these Divine Inward Revelations which we make absolutely necessary for the Building up of True Faith neither do nor can ever contradict the outward Testimony of the Scriptures or right and sound Reason Yet from hence it will not follow that these Divine Revelations are to be subjected to the Examination either of the outward Testimony of the Scriptures or of the Natural Reason of Man as to a more noble or certain Rule or Touchstone For this Divine Revelation and Inward Illumination is that which is evident and clear of it self forcing by its own evidence and clearness the Well-disposed Understanding to assent irresistably moving the same thereunto even as the common Principles of Natural Truths move and incline the Mind to a Natural assent Such as are these That the whole is greater than the part that two contradictory Sayings cannot be both true or false which is also manifest according to our Adversaries Principle who supposing the Possibility of Inward Divine Revelations will nevertheless confess with us that neither Scripture nor sound Reason will contradict it And yet it will not follow according to them that the Scripture or sound Reason should be subjected to the Examination of the Divine Revelations in the Heart The Third Proposition Concerning the Scriptures From these Revelations of the Spirit of God to the Saints have proceeded the Scriptures of Truth which contains 1. A faithful Historical Account of the Actings of God's People in divers Ages with many singular and Remarkable Providences attending them 2. A Prophetical Account of several things whereof some are already past and some yet to come 3. A full and ample Account of all the chief Principles of the Doctrine of Christ held forth in divers precious Declarations Exhortations and Sentences which by the Moving of God's Spirit were at several times and upon sundry occasions spoken and written unto some Churches and their Pastors Nevertheless because they are only a Declaration of the Fountain and not the Fountain it self therefore they are not to be esteemed the Principal Ground of all Truth and Knowledge nor yet the adequate primary Rule of Faith and Manners Nevertheless as that which giveth a true and faithful Testimony of the first Foundation they are and may be esteemed a secondary Rule subordinate to the Spirit from which they have all their excellency and certainty for as by the Inward Testimony of the Spirit we do alone truly know them so they testifie that the Spirit is that Guide by which the Saints are led into All Truth therefore according to the Scriptures the Spirit is the first and principal Leader And seeing we do therefore receive and believe the Scriptures because they proceeded from the Spirit therefore also the Spirit is more originally and principally the Rule according to that received Maxim in the Schools Propter quod unumquodque est tale illud ipsum est magis tale Englished thus That for which a thing is such that thing it self is more such The Fourth Proposition Concerning the Condition of Man in the Fall All Adam's Posterity or Mankind both Jews and Gentiles as to the first Adam or Earthly Man is Fallen Degenerated and Dead deprived the Sensation of or feeling of this Inward Testimony or Seed of God and is subject unto the Power Nature and Seed of the Serpent which he sows in Mens Hearts while they abide in this Natural and Corrupted State From whence it comes That not their Words and Deeds only but all their Imaginations are Evil perpetually in the sight of God as proceeding from this depraved and wicked Seed Man therefore as he is in this State can know nothing aright yea his Thoughts and Conceptions concerning God and things Spiritual until he be dis-joyned from this evil Seed and united to the Divine Light are unprofitable both to himself and others Hence are rejected the Socinian and Pelagian Errors in exalting a Natural Light as also the Papists and most of Protestants who affirm That Man without the true Grace of God may be a true Minister of the Gospel Nevertheless this Seed is not imputed to Infants until by Transgression they actually joyn themselves therewith for they are by Nature the Children of Wrath who walk according to the Power of the Prince of the Air. The Fifth and Sixth Propositions Concerning the Universal Redemption by Christ and also the Saving and Spiritual Light wherewith every Man is Enlightned The Fifth Proposition God out of his Infinite Love who delighteth not in the Death of a Sinner but that all should Live and be Saved hath so loved the World that he hath given his only Son a Light that whosoever believeth in him should be Saved who Enlightneth every Man that cometh into the World and maketh manifest all things that are Reprovable and teacheth all Temperance Righteousness and Godliness And this Light Enlightneth the Hearts of all in a Day in order to Salvation if not Resisted Nor is it less Universal than the Seed of Sin being the Purchase of his Death who tasted Death for every Man For as in Adam all die even so in Christ all shall be made alive The Sixth Proposition According to which Principle or Hypothesis all the Objections against the Universality of
Christ's Death are easily solved neither is it needful to recur to the Ministry of Angels and those other Miraculous Means which they say God makes use of to manifest the Doctrine and History of Christ's Passion unto such who living in those places of the World where the outward Preaching of the Gospel is unknown have well improved the first and common Grace For hence it well follows that as some of the Old Philosophers might have been saved so also may some now who by Providence are cast into those remote Parts of the World where the Knowledge of the History is wanting be made Partakers of the Divine Mystery if they Receive and Resist not that Grace A Manifestation whereof is given to every Man to profit withal This certain Doctrine then being received to wit That there is an Evangelical and Saving Light and Grace in all the Universality of the Love and Mercy of God towards Mankind both in the Death of his Beloved Son the Lord Jesus Christ and in the Manifestation of the Light in the Heart is established and confirmed against all the Objections of such as deny it Therefore Christ hath tasted Death for every Man not only for all kinds of Men as some vainly talk but for every one of all kinds The Benefit of whose Offering is not only extended to such who have the distinct outward Knowledge of his Death and Sufferings as the same is declared in the Scriptures but even unto those who are necessarily excluded from the Benefit of this Knowledge by some inevitable Accident Which Knowledge we willingly confess to be very Profitable and Comfortable but not absolutely Needful unto such from whom God himself hath with-held it yet they may be made Partakers of the Mystery of his Death tho' Ignorant of the History if they suffer his Seed and Light Inlightning their Hearts to take place in which Light Communion with the Father and Son is enjoyed so as of Wicked Men to become Holy and Lovers of that Power by whose inward and secret Touches they feel themselves turned from the Evil to the Good and learn to do to others as they would be done by in which Christ himself affirms all to be included As they have then Falsly and Erroneously Taught who have denied Christ to have Died for all Men so neither have they sufficiently Taught the Truth who affirming him to have Died for all have added the absolute necessity of the outward Knowledge thereof in order to the obtaining its saving Effect Among whom the Remonstrants of Holland have been chiefly wanting and many other assertors of Universal Redemption in that they have not placed the Extent of his Salvation in that Divine and Evangelical Principle of Light and Life wherewith Christ hath Enlightned every Man that comes into the World which is Excellently and Evidently held forth in these Scriptures Genesis 6. 3. Deuteronomy 30. 14. John 1. 7 8 9. Romans 10. 8. Titus 2. 11. The Seventh Proposition Concerning Justification As many as resist not this Light but receive the same in them is produced a holy pure and spiritual Birth bringing forth Holiness Righteousness Purity and all those other blessed Fruits which are acceptable to God by which holy Birth to wit Jesus Christ formed within us and working his Works in us as we are Sanctified so are we Justified in the sight of God according to the Apostle's Words But ye are Washed but ye are Sanctified but ye are Justified in the Name of the Lord Jesus and by the Spirit of our God Therefore it is not by our Works wrought in our Will nor yet by Good Works considered as of themselves but by Christ who is both the Gift and the Giver and the Cause producing the Effects in us who as he hath reconciled us while we were Enemies doth also in his Wisdom save us and Justifie us after this manner as saith the same Apostle elsewhere According to his Mercy he hath saved us by the washing of Regeneration and the renewing of the Holy Ghost The Eighth Proposition Concerning Perfection In whom this Holy and Pure Birth is fully brought forth the Body of Death and Sin comes to be crucified and removed and their Hearts united and subjected unto the Truth so as not to obey any Suggestion or Temptation of the Evil One but to be free from actual Sinning and transgressing of the Law of God and in that respect Perfect Yet doth this Perfection still admit of a Growth there remaineth a Possibility of Sinning where the Mind doth not most diligently and watchfully attend unto the Lord. The Ninth Proposition Concerning Perseverance and the possibility of falling from Grace Although this Gift and inward Grace of God be sufficient to work out Salvation yet in those in whom it is resisted it both may and doth become their Condemnation Moreover in whom it hath wrought in part to Purifie and Sanctifie them in order to their further Perfection by disobedience such may fall from it and turn it to Wantonness making Shipwrack of Faith and after having tasted of the Heavenly Gift and been made Partakers of the Holy Ghost again fall away Yet such an increase and stability in the Truth may in this Life be attained from which there cannot be a total Apostacy The Tenth Proposition Concerning the Ministry As by this Gift or Light of God all true Knowledge in things Spiritual is received and revealed so by the same as it is manifested and received in the Heart by the strength and power thereof every true Minister of the Gospel is ordained prepared and supplied in the Work of the Ministry And by the leading moving and drawing hereof ought every Evangelist and Christian Pastor to be lead and ordered in his Labour and Work of the Gospel both as to the place where as to the Persons to whom and as to the Times when he is to Minister Moreover who have this Authority may and ought to Preach the Gospel tho' without Humane Commission or Literature as on the other hand who want the Authority of this Divine Gift however Learned or Authorized by the Commissions of Men and Churches are to be esteemed but as Deceivers and not True Ministers of the Gospel Also who have received this holy and unspotted Gift as they have freely received so are they freely to give without Hire or Bargaining far less to use it as a Trade to get Money by it Yet if God hath called any from their Imployments or Trades by which they acquire their Livelihood it may be lawful for such according to the Liberty which they feel given them in the Lord to receive such Temporals to wit what may be needful to them for Meat and Cloathing as are freely given them by those to whom they have communicated Spirituals The Eleventh Proposition Concerning Worship All true and acceptable Worship to God is offered in the Inward and Immediate Moving and drawing of his own Spirit which is neither