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A56396 Religion and loyalty, or, A demonstration of the power of the Christian church within it self the supremacy of sovereign powers over it, the duty of passive obedience, or non-resistance to all their commands : exemplified out of the records of the Chruch and the Empire from the beginning of Christianity to the end of the reign of Julian / by Samuel Parker. Parker, Samuel, 1640-1688. 1684 (1684) Wing P470; ESTC R25518 269,648 630

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only Arius two Bishops and two Presbyters stood to the Arian Cause All the following troubles proceeded from the revenge and malice of the Nicomedian Eusebius His Plot against Athanasius by Ischyras and the Meletian Evidences The brutish and barbarous proceedings against him at the Council of Tyre pag. 370. § IX By what Stratagem the banishment of Athanasius and the Restitution of Arius was procured The fabulous reports of Philostorgius and Sandius Constantine's innocence clear'd as to the sufferings of Athanasius and the Charge of Arianism pag. 390. § X. Of the division of the Empire between the Sons of Constantine The Controversie under Constantius not managed between the Catholicks and Arians but the Catholicks and the Eusebians pag. 409. § XI The mystery of the crafty Proceedings of the Council of Antioch against Athanasius discovered his Absolution at Rome Pope Julius his Letter and Eusebius his death pag. 421. § XII The sufferings of Paul of Constantinople from the Eusebians An account of the Councils of Sardica and Philippopolis The craft of the Eusebians in dividing the Council pag. 441. § XIII The Issue of both Councils Athanasius his triumphant Restitution By what Calumny his second banishment was procured The wild Proceedings of Constantius at the Council of Milan pag. 451. § XIV The banishment of Liberius and Hosius The black Characters of the Ring-leading Eusebians Particularly describing the wickedness and cruelty of St. George of Alexandria pag. 465. § XV. The Photinian Heresie The Council of Sirmium against it It s right time stated against Petavius Made up of Eusebians Of the forged Creed of Valens in the name of the Council Of the Council of Ancyra Hosius vindicated from subscribing the second Sirmian Creed The ground of St. Hilary's mistake about it His Book against Constantius proved to be spurious Pope Liberius vindicated from Heresie but not from disingenuity pag. 476. § XVI Of the Anomaeans A Character of Aëtius Of the Conference at Sirmium and the reconciling Creed Of the Council of Arimnium Of Valens and his Conventicle Of the fraud and force put upon the Council pag. 502. § XVII Of the Council of Seleucia and the breach between the Eusebians and the Acacians The Emperour over-reach't by the Acacians Of the Banishment of the Eusebians Of the Acacian Council at Antioch Of the Fanatick Sects of the Massalians and Eustathians pag. 519. § XVIII The Power of the Church own'd though oppress 't by Constantius The great difference of his Reign before and after the Conquest of Magnentius All Councils before Free all after forced His ill Actings excused as proceeding from mistake not malice His great kindness to the Christian Church The Reigns of Constantine and Constantius compared Of the signal Loyalty and Passive Obedience of Athanasius pag. 533. § XIX Of the Reign of Julian his great zeal for Paganism His design to destroy Christianity by Liberty of Co●science The Church not only preserved but settled by the free use of its own Authority Of the Actings of St. Athanasius and St. Hilary for its settlement The Apostates fury against Athanasius for it The baseness of his Persecution The Passive Obedience of the Christians under it pag. 562. § XX. The gross impertinency of alledging their example to warrant Resistance supposing its truth It s horrible falsehood proved from the whole History of his Reign and their behaviour towards the Imperial Beard clear'd of all blame pag. 578. Errata PAge 33. Line 9. for a read any p. 42. l. 17. for a r. no. p. 80. l. 17. for effect r. affect p. 84. l. 22. for make r. makes p. 97. l. 2. for domini r. dominii p. 153. l. 9. for imminent r. eminent ibid. l. 25. for ought r. ought not p. 157. l. 4. for Castrian r. Cassian p. 163. l. 22. before sufficient strength insert want of p. 190. l. 29. for and r. as p. 241. l. 23. blot out is p. 254. l. 13. for Colledges r. Colledge p. 262. l. 25. for verity r. unity p. 272. l. 29. after sacrifice insert to p. 277. l. 19. after they insert are p. 294. l. 28. for factions r. fictions p. 306 l. 2. for whola r. whole p. 369. l. ult r. sanctions p. 392. l. 27. for the desired r. desired the. p. 410. l. ult for intrigue r. interregnum p. 470. l. 18. for ill-bred r. ill breed p. 491. l. 13. for in r. as p. 494. l. 23. for ferced r. forced p. 529. l. 24. for Photians r. Photinians p. 533. l. 7. for our r. once p. 537. l. 13. for lying r. flying p. 588. l. 4. insert though before they had PART I. SECT I. UPon the Dissolution of the Roman Tyranny under which all Christendom had groan'd for many Ages infinite were the disputes and controversies that were immediately every where raised about the true Constitution of the Ecclesiastical State and Government Some ou● of an over-vehement loathing of their late Bondage were out-ragious for its utter Abolition so as to leave every man to his own liberty and folly too to teach and practise what himself pleases in matters of Religion without being accountable to any Superior Ecclesiastical or Civil for any misdemeanours therein Others are as fierce to have all Ecclesiastical Officers though immediately Commission'd by our Saviour for the Government of his Kingdom through all Ages stript of all manner of Authority in the Christian Church and all Government of Religion vested only in the Civil Magistrate Others again were neither for its utter Extirpation nor confining the whole exercise of its Jurisdiction to the Secular Powers but for dividing it into its several Provinces assigning some part of it to the Clergy and some to the Civil State Because Religion being Instituted chiefly for these two great ends viz. The advancement of the present Peace and Welfare of Mankind in this World and their safe Conduct and Passage to the State of Bliss and Happiness in the World to come so far as it relates to the present quiet of humane Society it is but fit and necessary it should be subject to the Authority of the Supreme Powers over them whose proper Duty Trust and Office it is to provide for the settlement and preservation of the Publick Peace And therefore seeing that Religion has a prime and over-ruling influence upon that so as either to establish or disturb it by its good or bad management it concerns them in the first place to encourage such Doctrines and Principles as in their own nature tend to the Peace and Quiet of Government and to root out such false Notions as incline or induce men to any Turbulent and Seditious practices under any pretences or mistakes of Religion And if any such there be or if any such there have been nay if any such there can be it cannot be denyed by the boldest Libertines but that in such cases the Supreme Magistrate must be allowed power to defend him●●lf and his Government against their Errors or Follies by
nothing But at the third Meeting Marcellinus keeps them close to the point and after long strugling and much patience with them causes all the Records relating to the whole matter to be read especially concerning the Cause of Caecilian and Faelix of Aptung And here the Donatists were quite undone at the first shock and had no shift to escape only to the Absolution of Caecilian by Melckiades they have the Impudence now to say that Melchiades himself was a Traditor Which as it was a new lye invented at so great a distance of time so was it utterly groundless and without any pretence of Authority then only their own Report and therefore could not pass In short the Schismaticks having nothing to except against the unquestionable Evidence of publick Records but repeating the same Cavils and Calumnies the Verdict is given against them and themselves are brought to subscribe the truth of all the Acts of the Conference as we now have them which otherwise they would afterward have pleaded to be false so that they had now no shif● left but their old one to complain of the Partiality of Marcellinus Unless it were to Appeal from the Emperor to whom themselves first appealed to the Scriptures Thus upon this shameful overthrow Primianus a chief Man among them cryes out Illi port ant muliorum Impera●orum Sacras nos sola portamus Evangelid And they were then the two Tribes that continued Loyal to the true Religion whilst the Catholicks by whom they were so much over-voted were the other Ten Tribes that followed Jeroboam into his Idolatry But so it was that things were managed with that clearness of Conviction that though thē Ring-leaders went on in their old stubbornness yet the greatest part of the People hereby understanding the true merits of the Cause forsook them forever and as St. Austin says great Numbers of the Circumcellians return'd to their Callings and Parish Churches and as for the Number of the more sober People of all States and Conditions that were reduced he says it was so great that it was not to be numbred And to settle the business more effectually St. Austin prevails with Marcellinus to publish the Acts of the Conference the truth whereof was subscribed by both Parties that all the World after that might be satisfied of the foulness and disingenuity of the Schismaticks And then the African Bishops agree among themselves for keeping up the memory of the thing fresh against them to have them publickly read in all Churches on the last Sunday in Lent And because the Acts themselves were too long for the People St. Austin drew up his Breviculum for that use Upon this great overthrow the Emperor resolves to push on the Victory and immediately publisht such a severe Rescript against the Party that soon broke their Obstinacy and vanquisht the Schism strictly commanding them to return to the Catholick Church first under the Penalty of an high Fine according to every mans Estate and Quality Secondly Inflicting the same punishments upon all Persons that should conceal them Thirdly Requiring all diligence in all Officers to discover them Fourthly If notwithstanding they continued stubborn all their Goods were to be seized and sold. Fifthly All Landlords and Masters are to see that their Servants and Tenants conform to the Catholick Church under the same Penalties Sixthly All their Preachers are to be banisht into distant places Clerici vero ministrique corum ac perniciosissimi sacerdotales ablati de Africano solo quod ritu sacrilego polluerunt in exilium viritim ad singulas quasque regiones sub idoneâ prosecutione mittantur And lastly Their Churches and all Profits and Revenues belonging to them are to be delivered up to the Catholicks Here are all the severities that can be inflicted except death it self for though the Emperor had threatned them with that immediately after his Conquest of the Barbarians upon some rude Provocation that they had given him in his distress yet now in his cooler and more deliberate thoughts he resolves to spare their blood but resolves to spare nothing else And what milder course could be taken with such men that out of meer extravagance and wantonness had put off all sense of their natural humanity And so upon this those few that would not be reduced betook themselves to the Fields and the Woods and wandred up and down the Country in Arm'd Troops doing all manner of mischief and violence in all places usually having one of their Teachers for the Captain of each Rout such an one was Macrobius one of their Bishops that St. Austin says roved up and down in his Neighbourhood Stipatus cuneis perditorum utriusque sexûs guarded or followed with Troops of desperate People of both Sexes But it hap'ned that the year following Heraclian the Emperor's Vice-Roy in Africk that had done the good service to Conquer the Goths breaks out into Rebellion and Invades Italy with the greatest Navy that perhaps ever was consisting of 3700 Ships whereas Xerxes his so samed Navy had no more then 1200. But he being surprised and overthrown by Marinus at his first landing and by him pursued into Africk the Donatists inform Marinus at his very first coming that Marcellinus was one of those that had sided with Heraclian in the Rebellion him therefore in his rage or hast or upon some worse account he puts to death among the other Rebels upon which instead of a Triumph for so great a Victory he is immediately commanded home put out of all employment banisht the Emperor's presence and only not put to death because of his late great service Now the design of these wicked Donatists in murthering Marcellinus was not only to be revenged of him for his acting in the Conference but to kill the credit of his Acts because all the Acts of Rebels were by the Roman Law null and void and therefore as the Emperor had already null'd the Acts of Heraclian upon his Rebellion so they hoped that the Acts of Marcellinus who was in the same case should undergo the same Fate But the Emperor on the contrary writes to Julianus his Pro-Consul to lay them carefully up among the publick Records that they might be secure from being ever imbezel'd and not only so but he renews his former severe Law with the addition of some new Penalties and more then that though he had damn'd all the other Acts of Government under Heraclian ●uch was his just fury against these treacherous and bloody Saints that he renews the Rescript of punishing them with death that he had sent in his rage to Heraclian in the year 311 and that is the reason why this Law bears Heraclian's name though it were not publisht till after his death Though it was never put in Execution but the other of banishing the Preachers was vigorously prosecuted and the Emperor sent Dulcitius into Africa with a new Office for that very purpose viz. Of Executor of