Selected quad for the lemma: truth_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
truth_n	know_v	life_n	word_n	4,104	5	3.9680	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A62332	The history of Lapland wherein are shewed the original, manners, habits, marriages, conjurations, &c. of that people / written by John Scheffer ...; Lapponia. English	Scheffer, Johannes, 1621-1679.	1674 (1674)	Wing S851; ESTC R8773	138,000	147

laplander_n call_v waibmi_n the_o finlanders_n sydaon_n the_o flesh_n the_o laplander_n call_v ogge_v the_o finlanders_n liha_n a_o wolf_n the_o laplander_n call_v seibik_v the_o finlanders_n susi_n a_o bear_n the_o laplander_n call_v muriel_n the_o finlanders_n karhu_n a_o fox_n the_o laplander_n call_v riemne_v the_o finlander_n kettu_n and_o the_o difference_n between_o these_o and_o the_o like_a word_n without_o doubt_n be_v that_o which_o give_v occasion_n to_o some_o to_o think_v that_o ancient_o the_o laplander_n have_v a_o speech_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o and_o quite_o different_a from_o that_o of_o finland_n of_o which_o ancient_a language_n these_o relic_n do_v remain_v and_o for_o this_o they_o give_v this_o reason_n that_o the_o laplander_n be_v force_v to_o frame_v to_o themselves_o a_o new_a language_n for_o fear_n least_o be_v understand_v by_o their_o neighbour_n the_o finlander_n they_o shall_v fall_v into_o their_o snare_n so_o olaus_n petri_n say_v that_o often_o time_n they_o find_v spy_n about_o their_o tent_n in_o the_o night_n harken_v after_o their_o counsel_n now_o for_o this_o reason_n according_a to_o the_o policy_n of_o their_o forefather_n fly_v into_o the_o allotment_n of_o rengo_n in_o the_o province_n of_o nolnense_n they_o there_o agree_v upon_o and_o frame_v to_o themselves_o a_o speech_n quite_o different_a from_o that_o of_o finland_n so_o that_o there_o be_v very_o few_o word_n find_v to_o agree_v in_o both_o language_n now_o by_o the_o spy_v he_o there_o talk_v of_o he_o understand_v the_o finlander_n who_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o country_n by_o mathias_n kurkius_n and_o the_o tavastians_n rove_v up_o and_o down_o seek_v where_o they_o may_v most_o convenient_o settle_v as_o may_v appear_v from_o what_o go_v before_o in_o that_o place_n other_o think_v that_o these_o be_v the_o relic_n of_o that_o language_n which_o they_o first_o bring_v into_o lapland_n which_o they_o suppose_v to_o be_v no_o other_o but_o that_o of_o the_o tartar_n but_o how_o false_a this_o be_v may_v appear_v from_o the_o vast_a difference_n between_o those_o tongue_n in_o which_o there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n that_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o both_o language_n and_o that_o you_o may_v not_o think_v i_o say_v this_o without_o any_o reason_n i_o will_v give_v you_o a_o few_o instance_n god_n the_o tartar_n call_v allah_n the_o laplander_n jubmel_v the_o sun_n the_o tartar_n call_v gynesch_n the_o laplander_n beiwe_v heaven_n the_o tartar_n call_v gioech_v the_o laplander_n alm_n fire_n the_o tartar_n call_v atasch_n the_o laplander_n tulla_n air_n the_o tartar_n call_v jusger_n the_o laplander_n biaegga_n water_n the_o tartar_n call_v saufellus_n the_o laplander_n tziatz_n a_o lake_n the_o tartar_n call_v dannis_n the_o laplander_n jawr_v ice_n the_o tartar_n call_v büü_n the_o laplander_n jenga_fw-mi the_o earth_n the_o tartar_n call_v jer_n or_o toprak_fw-mi the_o laplander_n aennam_n a_o hill_n the_o tartar_n call_v dagda_n the_o laplander_n beware_v a_o man_n the_o tartar_n call_v adam_n the_o laplander_n aolmaitz_n hair_n the_o tartar_n call_v sadsch_n the_o laplander_n waopta_n the_o eye_n the_o tartar_n call_v gios_n the_o laplander_n tzialme_v the_o nose_n the_o tartar_n call_v burnum_n the_o laplander_n nierune_v a_o beard_n the_o tartar_n call_v beichlar_n the_o laplander_n saemao_n and_o arm._n the_o tartar_n call_v aehl_n the_o laplander_n kiettawerdi_n a_o hand_n the_o tartar_n call_v cholun_n the_o laplander_n kietta_n a_o foot_n the_o tartar_n call_v ajach_v the_o laplander_n iwobge_v a_o heart_n the_o tartar_n call_v jurek_n the_o laplander_n waimao_n a_o bow_n the_o tartar_n call_v jay_n the_o laplander_n taugh_n a_o arrow_n the_o tartar_n call_v och_n the_o laplander_n niaela_n father_n the_o tartar_n call_v babam_fw-la the_o laplander_n atziae_n mother_n the_o tartar_n call_v anasse_n the_o laplander_n aennae_n brother_n the_o tartar_n call_v cardasch_n the_o laplander_n wiaelae_n sister_n the_o tartar_n call_v kiscardasche_n the_o laplander_n aobbe_v a_o wolf_n the_o tartar_n call_v sirma_n the_o laplander_n kurt_n a_o bear_n the_o tartar_n call_v ajuf_n the_o laplander_n kwoptza_fw-mi a_o fish_n the_o tartar_n call_v balich_n the_o laplander_n kwele_v and_o indeed_o there_o be_v as_o great_a incongruity_n in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o word_n as_o in_o these_o so_o that_o this_o opinion_n be_v not_o only_o foolish_a but_o ridiculous_a and_o neither_o be_v the_o other_o which_o pretend_v they_o frame_v a_o language_n to_o themselves_o ground_v upon_o any_o great_a truth_n then_o this_o former_a for_o first_o why_o shall_v they_o only_o have_v change_v some_o word_n and_o not_o all_o and_o then_o these_o word_n which_o do_v agree_v in_o both_o language_n be_v not_o the_o name_n of_o thing_n less_o know_v or_o not_o so_o ordinary_o use_v as_o other_o thing_n but_o of_o such_o as_o be_v as_o common_a as_o life_n light_n or_o breathe_v wherefore_o i_o be_o clear_o of_o the_o other_o opinion_n and_o do_v believe_v that_o these_o differ_a word_n be_v as_o much_o finnonick_a as_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n but_o they_o who_o from_o the_o difference_n of_o these_o word_n infer_v the_o independency_n of_o the_o speech_n do_v not_o at_o all_o consider_v that_o than_o which_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o common_a and_o incident_a to_o language_n viz._n to_o be_v change_v and_o alter_v according_a to_o the_o time_n and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o by_o how_o much_o the_o people_n have_v great_a commerce_n with_o other_o nation_n and_o this_o be_v plain_a from_o the_o example_n of_o the_o islander_n and_o norwegian_n for_o that_o the_o islander_n spring_v from_o the_o norwegian_n be_v by_o the_o history_n of_o both_o nation_n make_v so_o clear_a that_o no_o man_n can_v doubt_v of_o it_o but_o now_o the_o islander_n use_v many_o word_n which_o those_o of_o norway_n be_v quite_o ignorant_a of_o and_o yet_o i_o hope_v no_o man_n will_v thence_o say_v that_o the_o islander_n have_v a_o language_n whole_o independent_a and_o different_a from_o that_o of_o norway_n for_o the_o one_o live_v by_o themselves_o and_o have_v little_a or_o no_o deal_n with_o other_o people_n do_v to_o this_o day_n keep_v entire_a the_o same_o language_n which_o they_o first_o bring_v and_o which_o they_o receive_v down_o from_o their_o ancestor_n but_o it_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o with_o the_o norwegian_n who_o together_o with_o their_o empire_n lose_v also_o their_o ancient_a language_n the_o same_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o finlander_n who_o be_v bring_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o other_o and_o hold_v more_o frequent_a commerce_n with_o their_o neighbour_n lose_v much_o of_o their_o ancient_a manner_n of_o speak_v which_o the_o laplander_n on_o the_o contrary_n live_v a_o more_o solitary_a life_n it_o be_v probable_a do_v still_o keep_v uncorrupt_a wherefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o in_o their_o language_n we_o meet_v with_o many_o word_n which_o compare_v with_o those_o of_o the_o modern_a finlander_n seem_v to_o have_v nothing_o of_o likeness_n though_o happy_o one_o that_o be_v well_o skill_v in_o the_o dialect_n and_o propriety_n of_o the_o finnonick_a language_n will_v find_v enough_o to_o make_v he_o conjecture_v that_o there_o be_v many_o word_n which_o as_o they_o be_v now_o use_v seem_v quite_o different_a yet_o be_v very_o agreeable_a in_o the_o original_n and_o this_o be_v likewise_o the_o common_a fate_n of_o other_o language_n as_o for_o example_n of_o the_o german_a in_o which_o a_o little_a too_o rash_o the_o learned_a olaus_n wormius_n in_o his_o literatura_fw-la runica_n as_o he_o call_v it_o cap._n 27_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o so_o great_a a_o difference_n for_o in_o these_o day_n not_o only_a nach_n but_o effter_o be_v use_v as_o may_v appear_v affter_v afterdam_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o likewise_o the_o german_n use_v not_o only_o gesicht_v but_o also_o antlitz_n not_o only_o verstand_v but_o vernunfft_o and_o as_o well_o essen_v anfangen_fw-mi schuss_o alter_v gefaengnus_fw-la auffthun_v bet_n dopff_n etc._n etc._n as_o as_o beginnen_n keiman_n uralt_n haffte_n entdecken_fw-mi laegerstad_n locken_fw-mi in_o all_o which_o they_o agree_v with_o the_o ancient_a german_n in_o my_o opinion_n therefore_o the_o difference_n of_o a_o few_o word_n be_v not_o authority_n enough_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o laplander_n in_o ancient_a time_n have_v a_o peculiar_a language_n but_o it_o show_v rather_o that_o they_o be_v not_o all_o of_o the_o same_o antiquity_n but_o that_o some_o come_v from_o finland_n long_o ago_o who_o bring_v those_o obsolete_a word_n with_o they_o and_o some_o of_o late_a day_n who_o now_o use_v the_o new_a and_o this_o i_o think_v to_o be_v the_o best_a account_n of_o the_o language_n of_o the_o laplander_n of_o which_o this_o also_o be_v observable_a that_o it_o do_v not_o in_o all_o place_n alike_o agree_v with_o itself_o but_o have_v

upon_o the_o ice_n with_o wooden_a shoe_n who_o country_n from_o thence_o may_v well_o be_v call_v scritofinnia_n and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v urge_v for_o biarmia_n against_o those_o that_o will_v not_o allow_v there_o be_v any_o such_o place_n for_o first_o the_o ancient_a writer_n make_v frequent_a mention_n of_o it_o as_o that_o author_n of_o the_o history_n thereof_o call_v it_o often_o biarmaland_n in_o the_o old_a gothick_n or_o islandick_n language_n who_o also_o call_v the_o king_n of_o it_o hereker_n in_o ch._n 7._o and_o his_o two_o son_n the_o one_o roerik_n the_o other_o siggeir_n saxon_a likewise_o in_o his_o 9_o book_n speak_v of_o a_o certain_a king_n of_o this_o place_n who_o reign_v in_o the_o time_n of_o regner_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n make_v it_o border_n upon_o finland_n when_o he_o say_v the_o king_n of_o biarmia_n flee_v for_o refuge_n to_o matullus_n who_o then_o reign_v in_o finland_n but_o now_o grant_v there_o be_v ancient_o such_o name_n as_o biarmia_n and_o scritfinnia_n it_o remain_v doubtful_a still_o whether_o they_o be_v distinct_a country_n or_o no._n all_o author_n except_o johan_n and_o ol._n magn._n seem_v to_o make_v they_o the_o same_o procop._n jornand_n paul_n warnfrid_n and_o adam_n bremensis_n speak_v of_o scritfinnia_n but_o none_o of_o biarmia_n and_o the_o northern_a writer_n do_v just_a contrary_n saxon_a indeed_o mention_n they_o both_o but_o not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n once_o in_o his_o preface_n he_o name_v scritfinnia_n leave_v out_o biarmia_n in_o other_o place_n he_o name_v biarmia_n omit_v the_o other_o from_o whence_o i_o be_o almost_o of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o country_n call_v by_o native_a writer_n biarmia_n by_o foreign_a scritfinnia_n we_o may_v add_v further_o that_o as_o adam_n bremensis_n make_v scritfinnia_n next_z to_o helsingia_n the_o author_n of_o the_o history_n of_o herand_n and_o bosa_n set_v biarmia_n in_o the_o same_o place_n speak_v of_o some_o wood_n in_o it_o and_z rivers_z that_o emty_n themselves_o into_o the_o sinus_n bothnicus_n or_o bay_n of_o ganduia_n next_o to_o helsingia_n and_o moreover_o as_o the_o scritfinni_n be_v a_o people_n of_o finland_n which_o not_o only_o their_o name_n but_o a_o old_a chorographick_a table_n commend_v by_o grotius_n do_v intimate_v distinguish_v the_o fenni_n into_o the_o scritfenni_n and_o redefenni_n so_o it_o be_v probable_a of_o the_o biarmians_n warnefrid_n biarmians_n paul_n warnefrid_n 44._o warnefrid_n ad._n erem_fw-la solin_n c._n 44._o as_o well_v for_o their_o neighbourhood_n to_o helsingia_n of_o which_o before_o as_o for_o their_o worship_v a_o god_n by_o the_o name_n of_o jomala_n which_o be_v a_o finland_n word_n denote_v god_n among_o they_o to_o this_o day_n moreover_o the_o biarmians_n have_v many_o other_o thing_n like_o the_o finlander_n as_o the_o art_n of_o dart_v of_o magic_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o biarmia_n may_v be_v a_o colony_n of_o finland_n who_o people_n be_v call_v by_o stranger_n from_o their_o skir_v along_o or_o glide_v upon_o the_o snow_n scritofinni_n but_o now_o suppose_v all_o this_o true_a and_o that_o the_o biarmia_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o scritfinnia_n be_v the_o same_o it_o be_v a_o question_n still_o whether_o lapland_n be_v distinct_a from_o they_o or_o not_o joh._n and_o ol._n magnus_n in_o their_o geographic_a table_n and_o description_n make_v they_o distinct_a country_n but_o that_o can_v be_v for_o if_o scritfinnia_n and_o biarmia_n reach_v one_o way_n to_o helsingia_n and_o jamtia_n on_o the_o other_o to_o finland_n if_o they_o lie_v so_o near_o these_o province_n and_o extend_v to_o the_o bay_n of_o bothnia_n both_o which_o have_v be_v demonstrate_v before_o i_o do_v not_o see_v where_o lapland_n can_v have_v any_o place_n at_o all_o and_o the_o same_o author_n be_v also_o mistake_v in_o put_v it_o south_n of_o biarmia_n and_o scritfinnia_n whereas_o the_o ancient_n place_v these_o beyond_o it_o for_o that_o they_o mean_v only_o by_o biarmia_n that_o which_o the_o swede_n now_o call_v trennes_n appear_v to_o be_v false_a from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o for_o where_o be_v any_o river_n in_o trennes_n that_o run_v into_o the_o bay_n of_o bothnia_n and_o how_o be_v it_o border_v upon_o finland_n wherefore_o contrary_a to_o joh._n and_o ol._n magnus_n i_o think_v rather_o that_o lapland_n be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v first_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v biarmia_n by_o stranger_n scritfinnia_n then_o change_v the_o name_n for_o some_o of_o the_o reason_n here_o produce_v it_o come_v to_o be_v lappia_n or_o lapponia_n which_o begin_v from_o jamtia_n and_o angermannia_n go_v all_o about_o each_o bothnia_n and_o at_o length_n end_v in_o the_o extremity_n of_o carelia_n and_o finland_n so_o as_o to_o comprehend_v all_o the_o whole_a tract_n from_o the_o north_n even_o to_o the_o main_a ocean_n the_o white_a sea_n and_o the_o lake_n ladek_n which_o be_v the_o very_a bound_n of_o old_a biarmia_n and_o scritfinnia_n but_o that_o it_o go_v as_o far_o as_o the_o ocean_n the_o ancient_n seem_v not_o to_o have_v so_o well_o understand_v nor_o indeed_o johan_n and_o ol._n magnus_n who_o in_o those_o part_n have_v make_v scritfinnia_n and_o biarmia_n different_a country_n from_o lapland_n so_o also_o damianus_n go_v who_o whatever_o he_o know_v of_o lapland_n have_v it_o from_o they_o say_v it_o extend_v itself_o to_o unknown_a region_n because_o he_o know_v not_o who_o live_v further_o towards_o the_o north_n sea_n but_o the_o ancient_n have_v place_v there_o beside_o the_o scritfinni_n the_o cynocephali_n busti_n troglodyte_n pigmy_n cyclops_n and_o some_o other_o pass_v by_o the_o himantopodes_n of_o who_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o though_o in_o this_o age_n none_o doubt_v but_o the_o laplander_n inhabit_v it_o all_o and_o those_o who_o have_v sail_v along_o those_o coast_n have_v meet_v with_o none_o other_o but_o laplander_n in_o fine_a charles_n the_o 9_o king_n of_o swedland_n in_o the_o year_n 1600_o be_v desirous_a to_o know_v the_o truth_n of_o that_o country_n send_v two_o famous_a mathematician_n m._n aron_n forsius_n a_o swedish_n professor_n and_o hicronymus_n birkholten_v a_o german_n with_o instrument_n and_o all_o necessary_n to_o make_v what_o discovery_n they_o can_v of_o lapland_n who_o at_o their_o return_n do_v certify_v and_o make_v it_o out_o that_o beyond_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n 73_o degree_n there_o be_v no_o continent_n towards_o the_o north_n but_o the_o great_a freeze_a sea_n and_o that_o the_o far_a point_n be_v norcum_n or_o norcap_n not_o far_o from_o the_o castle_n of_o wardhouse_n but_o of_o this_o distant_a lapland_n those_o that_o be_v curious_a may_v inquire_v at_o their_o leisure_n we_o purpose_v to_o treat_v here_o only_o of_o that_o which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o swede_n and_o this_o be_v a_o vast_a country_n think_v by_o paulinus_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o north_n of_o equal_a extent_n almost_o with_o all_o swedland_n proper_o so_o call_v andr._n buraeus_fw-la say_v it_o contain_v in_o length_n above_o 100_o german_a mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n 90._o all_o this_o country_n come_v now_o under_o the_o name_n of_o lapland_n in_o which_o all_o agree_v that_o ever_o describe_v it_o and_o if_o we_o will_v take_v a_o account_n of_o the_o climate_n of_o it_o by_o this_o vast_a compass_n of_o earth_n we_o must_v begin_v from_o the_o 64_o degree_n of_o latitude_n and_o so_o to_o the_o 71_o but_o in_o longitude_n it_o must_v extend_v at_o least_o to_o the_o 27_o meridian_n or_o more_o moreover_o if_o we_o will_v compute_v the_o longitude_n from_o journey_n that_o have_v be_v make_v thither_o all_o hitherto_o have_v unanimous_o put_v the_o beginning_n of_o it_o about_o the_o 38_o degree_n and_o the_o end_n in_o the_o 65_o and_o this_o may_v suffice_v partly_o for_o a_o account_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o lapland_n in_o general_a and_o partly_o of_o that_o which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o swede_n dam._n a_o go_v a_o knight_n of_o portugal_n set_v its_o bound_n thus_o in_o his_o description_n of_o spain_n lapland_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a part_n the_o bothnick_a sea_n come_v between_o the_o extremity_n of_o it_o be_v tornia_n eastward_o it_o reach_v to_o the_o white_a lake_n towards_o the_o north_n comprehend_v diverse_a province_n and_o extend_v itself_o beyond_o all_o knowledge_n on_o the_o west_n towards_o island_n it_o join_v to_o part_v of_o norway_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o norway_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o swedland_n finland_n and_o both_o the_o bothnia_n but_o ol._n petr._n nieuren_n confute_v this_o of_o the_o bothnic_a sea_n lie_v between_o for_o so_o part_n of_o lapland_n will_v lie_v in_o finland_n or_o ostrobothnia_n part_n in_o westrobothnia_n which_o every_o one_o know_v be_v false_a and_o the_o very_a vulgar_a can_v