the_o first_o place_n be_v lay_v down_o as_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v few_o of_o they_o so_o generous_o mind_v as_o to_o be_v free_a from_o all_o hope_n or_o fear_v and_o unconcerned_o prefer_v truth_n before_o their_o interest_n which_o late_a be_v the_o most_o universal_a source_n of_o all_o the_o false_a judgement_n which_o man_n make_v of_o the_o thing_n whereof_o they_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o speak_v this_o therefore_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o first_o thing_n that_o be_v take_v into_o consideration_n when_o a_o man_n make_v it_o his_o profession_n to_o instruct_v the_o public_a and_o it_o be_v the_o first_o maxim_n that_o a_o historian_n ought_v to_o propose_v to_o himself_o this_o be_v well_o establish_v his_o thought_n must_v be_v bend_v upon_o the_o gain_n of_o credibility_n in_o man_n mind_n and_o to_o give_v a_o air_n of_o truth_n to_o whatever_o he_o say_v and_o to_o this_o principal_o aught_o all_o his_o morality_n to_o be_v level_v and_o that_o the_o historian_n 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superficial_a writer_n and_o partial_a in_o the_o concern_v of_o his_o own_o nation_n in_o short_a there_o be_v hardly_o any_o historian_n who_o have_v not_o their_o inclination_n and_o aversion_n they_o think_v it_o a_o bard_n task_n to_o divest_v themselves_o of_o their_o sentiment_n and_o they_o make_v eulogy_n or_o satyr_n according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o their_o own_o heart_n but_o there_o be_v few_o author_n of_o such_o a_o character_n as_o thucydides_n be_v of_o 〈…〉_z who_o out_o of_o a_o unbiased_a sincerity_n commend_v pericles_n in_o whatever_o he_o do_v that_o be_v commendable_a though_o he_o have_v be_v ill-treated_n by_o he_o and_o always_o do_v justice_n to_o the_o athenian_n who_o have_v banish_v he_o into_o thrace_n where_o he_o die_v he_o be_v a_o man_n without_o any_o passion_n who_o propose_v to_o himself_o only_o what_o judgement_n posterity_n shall_v make_v
when_o they_o once_o appear_v incredible_a or_o extraordinary_a if_o a_o man_n give_v they_o not_o a_o air_n of_o truth_n or_o at_o least_o a_o colour_n of_o probability_n this_o be_v do_v by_o thucydides_n and_o though_o he_o find_v herodotus_n in_o so_o great_a esteem_n as_o that_o some_o give_v his_o book_n the_o name_n of_o the_o muse_n conscrib_fw-la he_o make_v it_o his_o business_n to_o speak_v only_o the_o truth_n without_o mind_v how_o he_o please_v hist_o i_o have_v rather_o say_v he_o displease_v by_o speak_v the_o truth_n than_o divert_v by_o relate_v fable_n in_o regard_n that_o by_o displease_v i_o may_v possible_o benefit_n and_o i_o may_v haply_o prejudice_v by_o endeavour_v to_o divert_v let_v therefore_o this_o be_v grant_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n so_o excellent_a in_o history_n as_o what_o be_v real_a and_o that_o truth_n be_v the_o great_a divertisement_n of_o it_o that_o very_a historian_n who_o will_v endeavour_v to_o divert_v aught_o to_o 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the_o courage_n to_o be_v a_o constant_a deliverer_n of_o the_o truth_n but_o if_o it_o suffice_v not_o that_o a_o man_n be_v willing_a to_o speak_v it_o he_o must_v also_o be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o by_o search_v after_o it_o in_o the_o purity_n of_o its_o source_n by_o seek_v it_o in_o the_o most_o curious_a closet_n and_o by_o consult_v the_o instruction_n of_o those_o who_o have_v be_v concern_v in_o the_o affair_n so_o to_o unravel_v what_o be_v most_o mysterious_a in_o the_o most_o secret_a intrigue_n the_o historian_n above_o all_o thing_n must_v well_o study_v man_n in_o general_n make_v a_o discovery_n of_o his_o disposition_n by_o the_o most_o fantastic_a and_o most_o unexpected_a passage_n find_v out_o the_o great_a weakness_n of_o his_o heart_n dive_v into_o his_o true_a sentiment_n that_o he_o may_v not_o impose_v false_a one_o upon_o he_o and_o judge_v of_o he_o by_o those_o natural_a and_o unforeseen_a motion_n which_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o when_o he_o lest_o think_v 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who_o ride_v out_o of_o the_o way_n his_o rival_n to_o the_o empire_n they_o smother_v their_o sentiment_n silence_n their_o grief_n and_o continue_v the_o repast_n with_o the_o same_o gaiety_n of_o humour_n as_o if_o nothing_o have_v happen_v while_o the_o prince_n give_v up_o his_o last_o gasp_n in_o the_o antichamber_n now_o this_o must_v be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o great_a piece_n of_o contrivance_n in_o a_o author_n who_o will_v give_v we_o a_o exact_a account_n of_o those_o who_o history_n he_o relate_v but_o this_o be_v a_o consideration_n not_o much_o heed_v and_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o we_o have_v so_o few_o history_n there_o be_v a_o character_n of_o spirit_n proper_a for_o the_o deliver_n of_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v which_o be_v not_o common_a it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o talent_n of_o thucydides_n orat_fw-la the_o most_o faithful_a and_o most_o sincere_a of_o all_o the_o historian_n he_o have_v a_o gusto_n and_o like_n for_o the_o truth_n and_o a_o discernment_n to_o 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communicate_v thing_n as_o they_o be_v they_o be_v not_o say_v otherwise_o than_o as_o they_o be_v conceive_v they_o be_v not_o conceive_v but_o answerable_o to_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o imagination_n and_o of_o several_a person_n who_o may_v have_v see_v the_o same_o thing_n there_o be_v not_o many_o time_n two_o that_o deliver_v it_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n every_o one_o relate_v what_o he_o have_v see_v according_a to_o the_o idea_n he_o have_v take_v thereof_o and_o suitable_o to_o the_o frame_n of_o his_o own_o apprehension_n the_o talon_n therefore_o most_o requisite_a in_o a_o historian_n be_v that_o exact_a and_o faithful_a inclination_n of_o declare_v the_o truth_n in_o all_o circumstance_n conducive_a to_o its_o make_v a_o impression_n in_o and_o merit_v the_o belief_n of_o the_o public_a but_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o sufficient_a to_o history_n that_o it_o communicate_v what_o
that_o francis_n the_o first_o of_o france_n have_v no_o motive_n to_o bring_v a_o army_n into_o italy_n but_o the_o fair_a eye_n of_o a_o milanese_n lady_n name_v claricia_n there_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n more_o dangerous_a than_o this_o sort_n of_o people_n who_o make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o search_v into_o man_n heart_n to_o guess_v at_o their_o thought_n who_o say_v all_o they_o know_v and_o all_o that_o come_v into_o their_o mind_n out_o of_o a_o fear_n of_o be_v defective_a in_o tell_v the_o truth_n this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a miscarriage_n of_o d'avila_n who_o reason_n be_v pertinent_a enough_o but_o who_o conjecture_n in_o the_o motive_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n which_o he_o allege_n have_v but_o little_a truth_n in_o they_o if_o we_o refer_v ourselves_o to_o the_o sentiment_n of_o ancient_a courtier_n who_o have_v a_o true_a account_n of_o thing_n from_o their_o father_n it_o be_v therefore_o when_o all_o be_v do_v only_o a_o action_n well_o disclose_v as_o to_o the_o motive_n and_o a_o secret_a well_o dive_v into_o that_o give_v a_o great_a idea_n of_o the_o ability_n of_o the_o historian_n that_o create_v a_o judgement_n that_o he_o speak_v as_o a_o person_n well_o inform_v and_o be_v a_o great_a beauty_n in_o a_o history_n catil_n but_o let_v a_o author_n who_o be_v subject_a to_o guess_v at_o thing_n be_v always_o on_o his_o guard_n against_o his_o own_o prepossession_n let_v he_o not_o hearken_v to_o his_o affection_n nor_o to_o his_o aversion_n that_o so_o he_o may_v avoid_v artifice_n and_o those_o colour_n which_o he_o be_v apt_a to_o give_v thing_n to_o turn_v they_o to_o that_o side_n for_o which_o he_o be_v prepossess_v let_v he_o not_o introduce_v supposititious_a falsity_n to_o justify_v his_o conjecture_n and_o to_o bring_v thing_n to_o the_o posture_n he_o will_v have_v they_o in_o let_v he_o not_o alleviate_v or_o aggravate_v any_o thing_n as_o tacitus_n do_v who_o spit_v his_o venom_n every_o where_o or_o as_o 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person_n ought_v regular_o to_o be_v more_o excellent_a and_o indeed_o great_a than_o the_o action_n for_o the_o motive_n depend_v on_o they_o whereas_o the_o event_n do_v not_o yet_o be_v there_o no_o great_a mistake_n the_o condition_n of_o grandee_n consider_v in_o put_v into_o the_o scale_n of_o their_o counsel_n and_o deliberation_n some_o grain_n of_o the_o vanity_n and_o weakness_n whereof_o they_o be_v capable_a for_o it_o happen_v many_o time_n that_o most_o man_n determine_v what_o they_o intend_v to_o do_v upon_o impertinent_a and_o ridiculous_a motive_n there_o be_v infinite_a example_n of_o it_o which_o i_o omit_v to_o avoid_v be_v myself_o infinite_a upon_o this_o subject_a it_o be_v principal_o requisite_a that_o there_o be_v a_o discovery_n of_o the_o vanity_n the_o malice_n the_o ignorance_n the_o extravagance_n of_o man_n spirit_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o principle_n thereof_o in_o order_n to_o a_o full_a discovery_n of_o his_o intention_n and_o ever_o we_o can_v â—ive_a into_o the_o weakness_n of_o they_o which_o be_v the_o grand_a principle_n of_o his_o malice_n and_o a_o man_n must_v not_o be_v ignorant_a above_o all_o thing_n that_o the_o slothfulness_n of_o most_o grandee_n in_o examine_v what_o be_v of_o great_a concern_n in_o affair_n and_o the_o impatience_n they_o be_v in_o to_o see_v the_o issue_n of_o they_o be_v the_o wheel_n upon_o which_o be_v carry_v about_o what_o be_v most_o essential_a in_o their_o conduct_n these_o be_v they_o who_o ought_v principal_o to_o be_v know_v in_o regard_n that_o be_v as_o they_o be_v the_o grand_a actor_n upon_o the_o theatre_n of_o the_o world_n all_o thing_n be_v regulate_v according_a to_o the_o fantastic_a humour_n they_o be_v in_o but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v affirm_v that_o a_o man_n reason_n always_o hit_v upon_o the_o right_n when_o haply_o he_o may_v have_v do_v it_o once_o by_o pure_a chance_n there_o be_v some_o historian_n in_o this_o age_n who_o have_v lose_v their_o repute_n by_o the_o excessive_a itch_n they_o have_v to_o intermingle_v their_o own_o conjecture_n in_o all_o occurrence_n and_o to_o communicate_v themselves_o to_o the_o public_a together_o with_o their_o history_n as_o herrera_n do_v who_o say_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n do_v not_o what_o he_o can_v against_o the_o dutch_a that_o he_o may_v according_o to_o policy_n keep_v they_o the_o long_o upon_o the_o stage_n there_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n more_o opposite_a to_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o historian_n who_o ought_v to_o be_v faithful_a and_o sincere_a than_o those_o conjecture_n which_o be_v make_v at_o random_n without_o any_o ground_n and_o all_o those_o deduction_n ground_v upon_o simple_a conjecture_n be_v either_o uncertain_a or_o frivolous_a and_o this_o i_o conceive_v observable_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o transition_n circumstance_n and_o motive_n wherein_o the_o principal_a artifice_n of_o narration_n consist_v take_v now_o what_o be_v to_o be_v think_v of_o its_o part_n which_o be_v the_o figure_n the_o passion_n the_o description_n the_o oration_n the_o reflection_n or_o sentence_n the_o character_n of_o person_n the_o digression_n and_o whatever_o may_v enter_v into_o the_o oeconomy_n of_o the_o discourse_n whereof_o history_n ought_v to_o be_v compose_v xvi_o figure_n history_n do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o figure_n but_o only_o to_o animate_v and_o enliven_v itself_o the_o orator_n who_o design_n to_o impose_v do_v speak_v for_o the_o most_o part_n figurative_o the_o better_a to_o set_v the_o ressort_n of_o his_o art_n on_o work_n but_o the_o historian_n ought_v to_o demean_v himself_o otherwise_o that_o very_a simplicity_n of_o expression_n which_o truth_n require_v in_o history_n be_v not_o compatible_a with_o those_o figurative_a air_n which_o will_v offend_v its_o candour_n and_o ingenuity_n lucian_n who_o be_v admirable_a upon_o all_o other_o account_n be_v not_o so_o much_o upon_o any_o as_o against_o those_o vain_a ornament_n of_o eloquence_n which_o do_v not_o become_v history_n â—ist_v if_o you_o bring_v in_o too_o many_o of_o they_o say_v he_o you_o make_v it_o like_o hercules_n dress_v up_o in_o the_o ornament_n of_o his_o mistress_n which_o be_v the_o great_a extravagance_n imaginable_a it_o be_v yet_o much_o less_o capable_a add_v he_o of_o those_o glitter_a flourish_v which_o some_o use_n in_o poesy_n to_o cause_v those_o emotion_n which_o it_o excite_v in_o the_o heart_n which_o stir_v the_o soul_n and_o raise_v a_o disturbance_n in_o the_o mind_n by_o the_o agitation_n of_o the_o passion_n history_n which_o be_v simple_a and_o natural_a and_o will_v not_o have_v i_o believe_v any_o such_o thing_n aught_o to_o leave_v i_o the_o freedom_n of_o my_o heart_n that_o i_o may_v pass_v a_o more_o solid_a judgement_n on_o what_o it_o tell_v i_o floquence_n which_o by_o its_o proper_a character_n be_v a_o delusive_a art_n may_v attempt_v upon_o my_o liberty_n by_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v i_o whether_o i_o will_v or_o no_o but_o history_n which_o confine_v itself_o within_o the_o limit_n of_o pure_a instruction_n can_v with_o any_o decorum_n make_v use_v of_o figure_n upon_o any_o other_o score_n than_o that_o of_o divest_v the_o discourse_n of_o its_o natural_a frigidity_n and_o make_v it_o less_o wearisome_a it_o be_v only_o thus_o that_o herodotus_n thucydides_n and_o xenophon_n keep_v the_o reader_n mind_v vigilant_a nor_o be_v it_o ever_o to_o impose_v upon_o the_o public_a that_o sallust_n livy_n and_o mariana_n speak_v figurative_o tacitus_n be_v not_o so_o scrupulous_a he_o have_v the_o air_n of_o a_o man_n who_o design_n only_o to_o dazzle_v the_o boldness_n of_o his_o metaphor_n and_o of_o his_o other_o figure_n render_v his_o expression_n as_o if_o it_o be_v serew_v up_o and_o of_o difficult_a comprehension_n caesar_n be_v in_o the_o other_o extreme_a brut._n it_o be_v a_o naked_a discourse_n