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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A06182	A treatise of the plague containing the nature, signes, and accidents of the same, with the certaine and absolute cure of the feuers, botches and carbuncles that raigne in these times: and aboue all things most singular experiments and preseruatiues in the same, gathered by the obseruation of diuers worthy trauailers, and selected out of the writing of the best learned phisitians in this age. By Thomas Lodge, Doctor in Phisicke.	Lodge, Thomas, 1558?-1625.	1603 (1603)	STC 16676; ESTC S108807	56,880	92

lenitiue and no sharp clisters and make him drincke barly water with sirrope of violets and moysten him with good brothes for the cramp very often commeth of emptines and is commonly mortall if the extreame partes be colde in a pestilent feuer or other sharpe sickenesse it signifieth the weakenesse and mortification of naturall heate and for the most part betokeneth death In this case we must minister vnto his handes and féete with hote cloathes and chafe them and giue him a little wine to quicken naturall heate and make him holde a clowt in his mouth and giue him the powlder of Diacameron or Diamoscum and kéep him warme in his bed and take héede that no colde touch him But when the poore patient is come to this estate there is litle hope of them as testifieth Hippocrates in the fourth of his Aphorismes Aphorisme 48. for it is a signe that death is at hand Chap. XVI The order and gouernment they ought to obserue who assist and serue those that are sicke of the plague IT is a matter most euident that they that dwell continually with those that are infected with the plague are in great danger to receiue the same infection from those that are sicke by reason they haunt with them night and day receiue their breaths and smell their corruptions and sucke the infected ayre of the infected houses wherein they conuerse which is a thing very dangerous as Galen witnesseth in the first booke de differentijs febrium cap. 2. For which cause they that are resolued to kéepe them that are sick of the plague ought to haue a great care of themselues for feare they be infected And first of all they must haue recourse vnto God beséeching him to preserue them to the end that being thus assisted by his grace they may the better accomplish this charitable office to the sicke and succor and serue them to their vttermost which is an action that pleaseth Almighty God Folowing then the order prescribed in the second third fourth and fift chapter of this treatise he shall vse those preseruatiues there described according to his complexion age strength and the nature of these humors that abound in him taking fit medicines or pills powlders opiates or tablets against the plague treacle or mithridate according to the forme we haue set downe in the places afore alleaged continuing the same without intermission When hee shall visit the sicke hée must not approch ouer néere vnto him for feare he receiue his breath but stand farre off him especially if he be fasting Also before he enter into the sicke mans Chamber let him perfume it and cause the windowes to be opened and make a good fire therein of rosemary or iuniper Hée shall holde in his mouth an Angelica or zedoary roote or a cloue or the rinde of a citron orenge or limon He shall wash his handes face forehead and temples with vineger and rose water and if he haue leisure doe the like vnder his arme-pits and in other emunctory places but this is not alwayes sure and easie to be done He shall oftentimes and almost euery day change his garments and linen and carry in his hand apples pomanders orenges or limons to smell to He shall holde a spunge steeped in rose water vineger white wine besprinckled with the powlder of cloues zedoary and Angelica to which hée shall often smell and with some of the same liquor he shal gargarise his mouth and throate He shall perfume al the house and chamber of the sicke thrice a day and oftner in summer because the dayes are longer When he commeth to touch the sicke he shall cause him to turne his face from him lest he breathe vpon him and he likewise that performeth this office shall doe the like for his better securitie he shall kéepe himselfe cleanely purge often with the pilles against the plague or other fit medicines He shall be sober in his diet and auoyde all superfluous meate and drinke he must be merry and lightsome and driue away all feare sadnesse and melancholy For those that are fittest to be imployed in this matter are such as haue a good courage and are merry pleasant and well complexioned that despise the danger of death and are ready to doe seruice to their parents and frends wiues or children These in trueth are they that in these times are in least danger and whom God foreséeing their good zeale protects by his mercy preseruing them from so great danger Neuerthelesse in this time men ought not to be too rash or hazardous nor trust too much to their complexions youth vertue and force of body For the secret venome of the plague preuenteth all this and except a man be wary and prudent it wil then seaze him when he least suspecteth because a venime of that nature is accustomed to lie hidden in the body a long time without any effect or at leastwise notable impression after the nature of the byting of a madde dogge which sodainely before it be discouered takes a lamentable effect For which cause men ought not to be so bolde and rash as to expose themselues to such dangers except necessitie constraineth them to succour their parents or faithful friends to whom by lawe of nature they are tied Neyther on the contrary side shoulde they be too feareful and so cowardly as to forsake their fathers mothers wiues and children for feare of death but both by the commaundement of God and law of nature they ought to imploy all their power yea to aduenture life and bloud to preserue those who next vnder God gaue them life being and liuing Chap. XVII The manner how to cleanse the houses and places that are infected the woollen and linnen and the moouables of the same And how long they may remaine infected if they be not well cleansed and in what time they may be reputed cleane I Haue héeretofore declared in the first Chapter of this Treatise that the Plague is a contagious sicknesse rauishing life by the malignity thereof and because that the contagion of the same which is no other thing but a like disposition by a certaine hidden consent communicated by touch vnto another it remaineth long time hidden in such things as may receiue the same such as are the aire of the house infected the walls the garments of woollen linnen cotten fether and such like it is therefore necessary to know how to clense the houses of those that haue bin infected with the plague to the end that after they that haue béene infected shall returne to their houses they may not be infected anew by reason their garments couerlets beds and such like haue not béene well ayred and clensed And therefore by way of aduertisement to all in generall euery one during the time of the plague ought to shut vp his best moouables in a place apart that is cleane neate and to forbeare the vse thereof I say they ought to shutte vp their linnen tapistry and couerlets

some powlder as the powlder of the electuary Theriacal of Guidon or the powlder of Bole Armenus with Iuniper berries or for the rich with Terra sigillata or treacle or good mithridate If then the patient be poore thou must giue him halfe an ounce of the electuary of the iuyce of roses or asmuch of Diaprunis solutiue or an ounce of Diacatholicon if hée be cholerike And if he be phlegmatike thrée drachmes of Diacarthamum or Electuary de Citro solutiue And if he be melancholike the confection Hamech dissolued in water of scabious or sorrel or buglosse an ounce of sirop of limons or a drachme of good treacle or the powlder of bole Armenus prepared or the séedes of Citron or Iuniper berries The richer sort ought to be purged with manna Rubarbe sirrop of roses solutiue without scammony with Cassia and Mirabolans and if néede require you may mixe a little dose of the electuary of the iuyce of roses or Diaprunis solutiue in those that are cholerike as in the phlegmatike a litle Diaphenicon or in the melancholike alitle of confection Hamech mixing with the saide potions for the rich halfe an ounce or a drachme of Terra sigillata or of the powlder of Diamargariton or of the powlder Theriacal of Guidon with the abouenamed waters and the sirrope of limons or the iuyce of citrons And if they take more contentment to be purged by pils they may vse the common pils of Rufus made of aloes mirrhe and saffron adding thereunto a little Rubarbe for the rich Agaric with a little Terra sigillata or Bole Armenus prepared The poore may vse pilles Aggregatiue or Aurea or Cochia to the quantitie of a drachme or foure scruples and when their medicine hath wrought his operation they may take half a porrenger of the broath of a chickin and make a light meale And during the working of their medicine they may alwayes holde in their handes to smel to roses orenges limons marioram rosemary and such like and may oftentimes wash their hands and wet their nostrilles in rose water mixed with vineger and the powlder of cloues or Angelica or Zedoary as hath béene before times declared Sée héere the methode in purgation Potions against the Plague AND to accomplish this chapter it remaineth to set downe certaine necessary potions to minister to the sicke that may resist the venime which during the time of their sickenesse ought very oftentimes to be ministred vnto them vntill such time as nature ouercommeth the force of the infection being assisted by the vertue of naturall heate and by cordiall Antidotes that is to say by medicines that are altogether contrarie to the venime of the plague which the Arabians in their tongue are accustomed to call Bezoatici and the Latines Antidotes Euerie morning and euening therefore and if néed be at midday or midnight if the accidents be violent you may cause the patient to drinke these potions folowing If he be poore take Iuniper-berries and Bole Armenus of each a drachme powlder them wel and mixe them with scabious buglosse or sorrel water and one ounce of sirop of limons cause him to take it euening and morning euery day or else take the powlder of the Electuary of Guido giue him a drachme after the same manner you may also vse with good effect the poulder of betony dried to the quantity of a drachme or 4. scruples taking it in summer time with rose water and in winter in good white wine and it worketh wonderful effects if the patient kéepe himselfe well couered and sweate therevpon for it causeth the venime to euaporate by sweat Treacle and Mythridate also are soueraine medcines to this effect being taken to the quantitie of a drachme with rose water in summer or succorie or sorrel water and in winter with good white or claret wine For the rich let this powlder be dispensed Take the rootes of tormentil the roote of Diptamus Creticus if it be possible the roots of Angelica Zedoari and Gentian of each a drachme of the seedes of citrons and sorrel two drachmes of true Bole Armenus prepared twoo drachmes of Terra sigillata thrée drachmes of pearles two drachmes of red corall foure scruples of the rinde of the citron or Oringe dryed a drachme beate all these to a fine powlder of which you may giue the patient in the waters aboue named the weight of a drachme or a drachme and a halfe If you will make an opiate thereof you may confect the powlder with conserue of roses or buglosse or sirrop of limons and make an opiate of which you may giue the patient halfe an ounce at a time This poulder is of most excellent vertue and great effect if it be wel dispenced which amongst all other medicines is most appropriate as by the vertue of the ingredients the expert and learned Phisitian may easily coniecture These are the remedies which in potions are most assured and are both experimented and alowed laying aside the superstitious and vaine opinions of the vnicornes horne of which the common sort make so great reckoning For in truth it is a méere folly to beléeue that the pieces of horne which diuers men beare about them is the horne of that beast which the Gréekes called Monoceros and the latins Vnicornu as the simple sorte vnicornes horne for it is a beast so rare to be séene and in places so strange that scarsely Alexander the great could recouer one to his great charge and expence as Plinie Aelian and Philostratus testifie neither may it be taken aliue for that it liueth in places desart and solitary in the extreamest parts of India and the East But leauing these things apart I say that we ought to trust to perfect tried experienced medicines such as are those which heretofore I haue faithfully set downe for the common good and the loue I beare vnto my neighbours In prosecution of which matter I say by the authoritie of Galen Lib. 9. de simpl fac cap. 14. V.T. that Bole Armenus is by him singularly commended amongst all other simples for the plague For in that great plague which in his time was in Greece all those that drunke Bole Armenus were sodainely healed as the said Galen testifieth who aduiseth vs to take it with good white wine somewhat qualified and mixed with water the quantitie ought to be some two drachmes And here you are to note that in those who are already taken with the plague it behooueth to giue them a greater dose of your Antidotes then those whom you intend to preserue For in the venime of the plague is already inclosed in their bodies it is necessary that the medicine should be more forcible to ouercome and subdue the same then before that it seazeth the body And therefore if to the healthy you will ordaine a drachme to preserue him you ought to giue eare to those that are sicke And this may serue for an aduertisement to the common sorte how they should gouerne their

sicke in time of visitation This water that enseweth is likewise of great vertue and allowed by many experiences TAke two pound of the iuyce of limons of rose vineger as much of Bole Armenus prepared two ounces of the dried rinde of orenges one ounce infuse them a day naturall or xxiiii houres in the saide vineger and afterwardes distill them in Balneo Mariae giue of this water foure ounces with sirrope of limons or sirrope of sowre grapes for it is an excellent medicine as Fracastorius in his third Booke de morbis Contagiosis chap. 7. whose name I héere set downe to the end I may no waies seeme to defraude any one of the praise due vnto them or challenge to my selfe other mens inuentions Hitherto haue we sufficiently spoken of those medicines which are to bée taken inwardly it remaineth that we speake of those that are to be applied outwardly But before that I intreate of them I will describe in this place a confection or restoratiue to be ministred vnto him that is infected with the plague Take conserue of roses conserue of water lillies conserues of sowre grapes and buglosse of each an ounce of pouldered pearles one drachme of Bole Armenus prepared foure scruples of fine suger as much as sufficeth reduce all these into the forme of a Conduite with leaues of golde for the rich As for the poore it shall suffice to giue them the foresaide conserues with a little of the poulder of Bole Armenus or Triasantali or the séeds of sowre grapes or citrons or the barke thereof It is good also to giue them oft times a tablet of losenge of Diamargariton when they haue the fainting of the heart with a little buglosse water or white wine and if they fall into soundings giue them confection Alchermes after the same maner for it is a miraculous medcine in strengthening the heart and reuiuing the spirites And in this case it is good to restore them with good broaths wine caudles and egges as wée haue héeretofore aduised Manus Christi perlata also is good in this case and pleasant to the eater which you may giue in brothes in buglosse water or in the forme of a tablet To comfort the heart outwardly vse this Epitheme that followeth For the rich take rose water sorrell water buglosse and balme water of each foure ounces of good white wine or malmsey thrée ounces of the powlder of Diamargariton and de Gemmis of each one drachme of powlder of scarlet which we call vermilion of cloues of each halfe a drachme of powlder of zedoary and Bole Armenus of ech a scruple of the trochisques of camphre halfe a scruple make an Epitheme for the heart the which you shall apply with a péece of fine scarlet vppon the region of the heart morning and euening For the poore it sufficeth to make an Epitheme of sowre grape-water or sorrel water of balme-water and rose water with alittle white wine and the powlder of sanders and alittle powlder of Iuniper-berries Instéed of the said Epithemes you may make certaine bagges of silke for the hart after this fashion Take dryed red roses flowers of violets water-lilies and buglosse of each a little handful of rosemary flowers as much of the powlder of scarlet cloues sāders the powlder of Diamargariton of each a drachme of Citron séede Bole Armenus of each foure scruples of muske and amber of each fiue graines beate all these to powlder and baste them with cotton in red taffatie and make a bag thereof which you may easily besprinckle with rose water and a little white wine and apply to the hart An Epitheme for the liuer TAKE of the distilled water of endiue succory sorrel rose and wormewood water of each thrée ounces of good white rose wine vineger thrée siluer spoonfuls of the powlder of sanders one drachme of the séeds of sower grapes two scruples of spicknard a scruple make an Epitheme hereof for the poore and for the rich you may adde powlder of Diamargariton pearles corall and Zedoary of each halfe a drachme Mathiolus of Siena a notable Phision of our age principally in matter of simples in his sixt booke of his Commentaries vpon Dioscorides writing vpon the preface sets down an excellent ointment of great virtu to withstand the operation of venim in those that are sicke of the plague the description whereof is long and difficult to be made and serueth but for Princes and great Lords in that it is very chargeable Therefore to auoyde prolixitie we haue thought good to referre the Reader to that place if he thinke good to cause it to be dispensed The name thereof is the oile of scorpions which in trueth is of maruelous vertue to expel poison and venime as by the maruellous composition and art in making that oile may be séene But instead thereof we will set downe an other oyle of scorpions of a more easie composition set downe by Alexander Benedictus in the xx chapter of his booke of the plague the description whereof hereafter ensueth Take of oile oliue the oldest that may be gotten one pound then take thréescore liue scorpions and put them in a violl of glasse in the said oyle and boyle them ouer a soft fire nine houres or set the said oyle in our Ladies baine and when they haue thus boyled in the oyle thou shalt adde vnto them of treacle two ounces and let it boyle in the said oyle a quarter of an houre then straine all of it and kéepe the said oyle in a violl well closed and stopped with waxe and parchment and with it annoynt the sicke vnder the armepittes behinde the eares on the breast the pulses of the armes the temples and nosthrilles twice or thrice a day This is a most excellent remedy and of great force as the aforesaid Authors testifie who writes that if this vnction be applied sodainly to him that is sicke of the plague before 24. houres be past he shal be deliuered vsing the remedies aforesaide The same Author likewise reporteth that this oyntment is of great effect Take a glasse that containeth a pint and a halfe and more fil it with oile that is old in which oile you shal infuse of elder floures six litle handfuls of the floures of walworth two handfuls of the leaues and floures of Hipericon or S. Iohns wort a handful but let the oile couer the hearbs and be more in quantitie set this vessel closely luted in the sunne for the space of fortie dayes or a whole summer and reserue it to the abouenamed vses to annoynt the sicke as hath béen saide But after you haue annoynted him you must couer him close for the oyle procureth sweate and by such euacuation causeth the venime to vapor outwardly and if to the said oyle you shal annex twenty or thirty scorpions it wil be farre more excellent if besides you adde two or thrée ounces of good treacle and boyle them in our Ladies bayne it will haue more force Sée here the best