the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n asserted_n or_o a_o discourse_n prove_v by_o record_n and_o the_o best_a historian_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n be_v ever_o a_o essential_a part_n of_o parliament_n by_o william_n petyt_n of_o the_o inner-temple_n esq_n non_fw-la nulli_fw-la taedio_fw-la investigandae_fw-la veritatis_fw-la cullibet_fw-la opiniâ—â—_n potius_fw-la ignaâ—i_fw-la succambunt_fw-la quam_fw-la explorandâ_fw-la veritati_fw-la pertinaci_fw-la diligentiâ_fw-la perseverare_fw-la volunt_fw-la min._n foelix_fw-la inter_fw-la â—ericula_fw-la veritatis_fw-la &_o libertatis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d london_n print_v for_o f._n smith_n t._n bassett_n j._n wright_n r._n chiswell_n and_o s._n heyrick_n 1680._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a arthur_n earl_n of_o essex_n viscount_n maldon_n baron_n capell_n of_o hadham_n lord_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o county_n of_o hertford_n one_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy-council_n and_o first_o lord_n commissioner_n of_o his_o majesty_n treasury_n my_o lord_n there_o have_v be_v author_n of_o modern_a time_n who_o have_v in_o their_o write_n concern_v the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n publish_v to_o the_o world_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n as_o now_o phrased_a be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o ancient_a commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o this_o nation_n before_o the_o forty_o nine_o year_n of_o h._n 3._o and_o then_o introduce_v by_o rebellion_n a_o position_n when_o serious_o weigh_v equal_o wound_v the_o peerage_n of_o england_n since_o the_o same_o author_n say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o formal_a summons_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o parliament_n find_v upon_o record_n before_o that_o time_n after_o i_o have_v often_o consider_v so_o great_a a_o point_n and_o have_v often_o read_v of_o the_o freedom_n of_o this_o nation_n that_o no_o englishman_n can_v lose_v his_o right_n or_o property_n but_o by_o law_n the_o life_n and_o soul_n of_o this_o so_o famous_a and_o so_o excellent_o constitute_v government_n the_o best_a polity_n upon_o earth_n which_o when_o unite_v in_o all_o its_o part_n by_o prudent_a council_n make_v always_o the_o people_n happy_a at_o home_n in_o peace_n and_o the_o crown_n ever_o victorious_a abroad_o in_o war_n i_o do_v resolve_v to_o take_v pain_n to_o search_v if_o matter_n thus_o represent_v to_o the_o high_a disadvantage_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v true_a or_o false_a which_o i_o have_v industrious_o and_o impartial_o endeavour_v and_o hope_v with_o that_o clearness_n that_o will_v evidence_n to_o all_o unbiased_a judgement_n the_o unsoundness_n of_o those_o opinion_n when_o i_o have_v so_o do_v be_v unwilling_a my_o labour_n shall_v be_v to_o myself_o alone_o and_o not_o to_o those_o who_o search_v after_o knowledge_n in_o these_o matter_n to_o disabuse_v and_o prevent_v other_o from_o build_n upon_o such_o mistake_v and_o dangerous_a foundation_n i_o think_v it_o not_o unseasonable_a to_o publish_v this_o discourse_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o record_n cite_v but_o in_o my_o opinion_n equal_o assert_v the_o right_a of_o the_o peer_n of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o commons_o and_o therefore_o have_v take_v the_o boldness_n to_o send_v it_o into_o the_o world_n under_o your_o lordship_n protection_n who_o i_o know_v to_o be_v a_o great_a lover_n of_o truth_n to_o which_o all_o mankind_n ought_v to_o pay_v allegiance_n i_o shall_v have_v have_v great_a satisfaction_n if_o before_o it_o have_v be_v put_v to_o the_o press_n it_o may_v have_v receive_v your_o lordship_n judicious_a correction_n and_o approbation_n who_o knowledge_n and_o industry_n in_o venerable_a antiquity_n and_o all_o other_o useful_a learning_n be_v well_o know_v unto_o the_o world_n but_o this_o happiness_n i_o can_v not_o reasonable_o expect_v your_o lordship_n time_n be_v so_o much_o take_v up_o in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o crown_n whereof_o your_o lordship_n be_v so_o eminent_a and_o so_o great_a a_o pillar_n as_o your_o honourable_a employment_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o do_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v i_o most_o humble_o beg_v your_o lordship_n pardon_v for_o my_o presumption_n in_o this_o dedication_n which_o fault_n i_o hope_v may_v be_v extenuate_v by_o the_o relation_n i_o have_v to_o your_o lordship_n in_o my_o profession_n and_o be_v deprive_v of_o other_o mean_n public_o to_o show_v my_o humble_a gratitude_n for_o the_o many_o favour_n your_o lordship_n have_v be_v please_v to_o confer_v upon_o my_o lord_n your_o lordship_n most_o humble_a most_o faithful_a and_o most_o obedient_a servant_n w._n petyt_n the_o preface_n my_o principal_a design_n in_o this_o follow_a discourse_n be_v impartial_o to_o vindicate_v the_o just_a honour_n of_o our_o english_a parliament_n from_o the_o calumny_n and_o reproach_n of_o some_o late_a author_n who_o have_v assert_v 1._o that_o a_o essential_a part_n of_o that_o great_a council_n viz._n the_o commons_o of_o england_n represent_v by_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n in_o parliament_n be_v introduce_v and_o begin_v an._n 49_o h._n 3._o by_o rebellion_n 2._o that_o before_o that_o time_n the_o commons_o be_v never_o admit_v to_o have_v any_o vote_n or_o share_v in_o the_o make_n of_o law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o to_o any_o communication_n in_o affair_n of_o state_n to_o discover_v and_o refute_v the_o unsoundness_n of_o the_o second_o position_n and_o that_o the_o contrary_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v true_a i_o shall_v before_o i_o come_v to_o answer_v the_o first_o consider_v the_o second_o and_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v that_o during_o the_o british_a saxon_a and_o norman_a government_n the_o freeman_n or_o commons_o of_o england_n as_o now_o call_v and_o distinguish_v from_o the_o great_a lord_n be_v pars_fw-la essentialis_fw-la &_o constituens_fw-la a_o essential_a and_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o wittena_n gemot_n commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la or_o parliament_n in_o those_o age_n 1._o under_o the_o british_a government_n the_o briton_n call_v their_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n kyfr-ythen_a 34._o then_o because_o their_o law_n be_v therein_o ordain_v and_o upon_o k._n lucius_n his_o letter_n to_o pope_n elutherius_n to_o send_v he_o the_o roman_a law_n the_o pope_n who_o can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o constitution_n and_o frame_n of_o the_o british_a polity_n write_v back_o to_o he_o habetis_fw-la penes_fw-la vos_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la 〈◊〉_d utramque_fw-la paginam_fw-la ex_fw-la illis_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la per_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la vestri_fw-la sum_n legem_fw-la &_o per_fw-la illam_fw-la dei_fw-la potentia_fw-la vestrum_fw-la rege_fw-la britanniae_fw-la regnum_fw-la but_o what_o their_o law_n and_o particular_a government_n be_v be_v very_o uncertain_a by_o reason_n that_o scripta_fw-la patriae_fw-la as_o gildas_n say_v scriptorumve_fw-la monumenta_fw-la si_fw-la quae_fw-la fuerint_fw-la aut_fw-la ignibus_fw-la hostium_fw-la exusta_fw-la aut_fw-la civium_fw-la exulum_fw-la class_n longius_fw-la deportata_fw-la non_fw-la comparent_fw-la the_o history_n of_o our_o country_n if_o there_o be_v any_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v be_v either_o burn_v by_o the_o enemy_n or_o carry_v beyond_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o banish_a briton_n yet_o this_o be_v certain_a and_o not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o 〈◊〉_d their_o elder_a time_n the_o people_n or_o freemen_n have_v a_o great_a share_n in_o their_o public_a council_n and_o government_n for_o dion_n cassius_n basiliae_fw-la or_o xipniline_n out_o of_o he_o in_o the_o life_n of_o severus_n assure_v we_o apud_fw-la hos_fw-la i._n e._n britannos_fw-la populus_fw-la magna_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la principatum_fw-la tenet_fw-la 2._o under_o the_o saxon_a government_n it_o can_v be_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o saxon_n who_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n bring_v with_o they_o their_o country_n law_n and_o government_n and_o that_o the_o commons_o be_v a_o essential_a and_o constituent_a part_n of_o their_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la tacitus_n tell_v we_o de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la rebus_fw-la principes_fw-la consultant_fw-la de_fw-la majoribus_fw-la omnes_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la ut_fw-la ea_fw-la quoque_fw-la quorum_fw-la penes_fw-la plebem_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la est_fw-la apud_fw-la principes_fw-la praetractentur_fw-la after_o the_o saxon_a government_n become_v unite_v and_o fix_v under_o a_o sole_a christian_a monarch_n they_o still_o continue_v and_o keep_v their_o ancient_a wittena_n gemot_n or_o parliament_n as_o now_o phrased_a wherein_o they_o make_v law_n and_o manage_v the_o great_a affair_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n according_a to_o the_o platform_n of_o their_o ancestor_n many_o authority_n may_v be_v give_v to_o evidence_n this_o i_o will_v instance_n in_o three_o or_o four_o 1._o then_o we_o have_v that_o famous_a 126._o parliament_n summon_v by_o king_n ethelbert_n an._n 605._o which_o my_o author_n call_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la tam_fw-la cleri_fw-la quam_fw-la populi_fw-la 2._o about_o the_o year_n 712._o 219._o king_n ina_n assemble_v a_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n wherein_o he_o
make_v ecclesiastical_a law_n concern_v marriage_n etc._n etc._n and_o do_v other_o thing_n ad_fw-la concordiam_fw-la publicam_fw-la promovendam_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la &_o principum_fw-la procerum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la 3._o and_o we_o read_v elsewhere_o 1._o that_o the_o grand_a league_n and_o union_n between_o the_o briton_n saxon_n and_o pict_n be_v conclude_v and_o confirm_v per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la procerum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la &_o per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la inae_fw-la 4._o anno_fw-la dom._n 905._o plegmundus_n 75._o cantuar._n archiepiscopus_fw-la unacum_fw-la rege_fw-la magnifico_n cognominato_fw-la edwardo_n seniore_fw-la concilium_fw-la magnum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la fidelium_fw-la procerum_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la in_o provincia_n gewisorum_n in_o illa_fw-la parte_fw-la angliae_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o plaga_fw-la australi_fw-la sita_fw-la est_fw-la fluminis_fw-la thamesis_n convocant_fw-la etc._n etc._n unde_fw-la salubriter_fw-la constitutum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la synodo_fw-la ut_fw-la 〈◊〉_d pro_fw-la duobus_fw-la episcopis_fw-la quorum_fw-la unus_fw-la wintoniae_fw-la alter_fw-la sireburniae_fw-la sedem_fw-la habuit_fw-la quinque_fw-la crearentur_fw-la antistites_fw-la ne_fw-la grex_fw-la domini_fw-la pastorum_fw-la cura_fw-la orbatus_fw-la luporum_fw-la lanienae_fw-la &_o voracitati_fw-la subjicerentur_fw-la and_o there_o be_v several_a other_o law_n then_o make_v william_n of_o malmsbury_n 24._o express_v the_o saxon_a wittena_n gemott_n thus_o generalis_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventus_fw-la &_o edictum_fw-la sir_n henry_n spelman_n convenere_fw-la 261._o regni_fw-la principes_fw-la tam_fw-la episcopi_fw-la quam_fw-la magistratus_fw-la liberique_fw-la homines_fw-la consulitur_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la salute_n the_o pace_n &_o bello_fw-la &_o de_fw-la utilitate_fw-la publica_fw-la promovenda_fw-la camden_n thus_o quod_fw-la saxones_n 63._o olim_fw-la wittena_n gemot_n nos_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la &_o pananglicum_fw-la recte_fw-la dici_fw-la possit_fw-la summamque_fw-la &_o sacrosanctam_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la habet_fw-la in_o legibus_fw-la ferendis_fw-la confirmandis_fw-la antiquandis_fw-la interpretandis_fw-la &_o in_fw-la omnibus_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la salutem_fw-la spectant_fw-la and_o so_o we_o find_v edward_n the_o confessor_n reform_v and_o confirm_v the_o ancient_a saxon_a law_n and_o make_v new_a one_o and_o that_o do_v à _fw-la rege_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o 139._o populo_fw-la as_o particular_o in_o the_o law_n de_fw-fr apibus_fw-la how_o tithe_n ought_v to_o be_v pay_v of_o they_o and_o other_o thing_n hence_o it_o be_v apparent_a and_o past_a all_o contradiction_n that_o the_o commons_o in_o those_o age_n be_v a_o essential_a part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n in_o make_v and_o ordain_v law_n by_o which_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n be_v to_o be_v govern_v and_o that_o 237._o the_o law_n be_v then_o the_o golden_a metwand_n and_o rule_n which_o measure_v out_o and_o allow_v the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o when_o obstruct_v or_o deny_v to_o either_o make_v the_o kingdom_n deform_v and_o leprous_a that_o great_a monarch_n aethelstan_n in_o his_o prologue_n to_o his_o law_n make_v per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la thus_o declare_v and_o admit_v ea_fw-la mihi_fw-la vos_fw-la tantummodo_fw-la 841._o comparatis_fw-la velim_fw-la quae_fw-la just_a ac_fw-la legitime_fw-la parare_fw-la possitis_fw-la neque_fw-la enim_fw-la mihi_fw-la ad_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la usum_fw-la quicquam_fw-la injust_a acquiri_fw-la cupiverim_fw-la etenim_fw-la cum_fw-la ea_fw-la ego_fw-la vobis_fw-la lege_fw-la vestra_fw-la omne_fw-la benign_a largitus_fw-la sim_fw-la ut_fw-la mea_fw-la mihi_fw-la vos_fw-la itidem_fw-la concedatis_fw-la i_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o danish_a government_n because_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o there_o be_v any_o great_a mutation_n either_o of_o the_o council_n or_o law_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n it_o be_v true_a king_n knute_n obtain_v the_o diadem_n or_o dominion_n of_o england_n but_o it_o be_v as_o true_a he_o do_v not_o govern_v more_fw-mi victoris_fw-la as_o may_v evident_o be_v prove_v 1._o from_o 〈◊〉_d the_o form_n of_o pen_v his_o law_n they_o be_v ordain_v and_o confirm_v cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o decreto_fw-la archiepiscoporum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la comitum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la omnium_fw-la fidelium_fw-la word_n of_o a_o large_a comprehension_n 2._o from_o his_o general_a law_n or_o declaration_n of_o right_a to_o the_o english_a thus_o deliver_v to_o we_o by_o a_o faithful_a historian_n william_n of_o 16._o malmesbury_n who_o live_v near_o those_o time_n obtestor_n &_o praecipio_fw-la meis_fw-la consiliariis_fw-la quibus_fw-la regni_fw-la consilia_fw-la credidi_fw-la ne_fw-la ullo_fw-la modo_fw-la aut_fw-la propter_fw-la meum_fw-la timorem_fw-la aut_fw-la alicujus_fw-la potentis_fw-la personae_fw-la favorem_fw-la aliquam_fw-la injustitiam_fw-la amodò_fw-la consentiant_fw-la vel_fw-la faciant_fw-la pullulare_fw-la in_o omni_fw-la regno_fw-la meo_fw-la praecipio_fw-la etiam_fw-la omnibus_fw-la vicecomitibus_fw-la &_o praepositis_fw-la universis_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la sicut_fw-la meam_fw-la volunt_fw-la habere_fw-la amicitiam_fw-la aut_fw-la svam_fw-la salutem_fw-la ut_fw-la nulli_fw-la homini_fw-la nec_fw-la diviti_fw-la vel_fw-la pauperi_fw-la vim_o injustam_fw-la inferant_fw-la sed_fw-la omnibus_fw-la tam_fw-la nobilibus_fw-la quam_fw-la ignobilibus_fw-la sit_fw-la fas_fw-la justa_fw-la lege_fw-la potiundi_fw-la à _fw-la qua_fw-la nec_fw-la propter_fw-la favorem_fw-la regium_fw-la nec_fw-la propter_fw-la alicujus_fw-la potentis_fw-la personam_fw-la nec_fw-la propter_fw-la mihi_fw-la congerendam_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la ullo_fw-la modo_fw-la deviant_fw-la quia_fw-la nulla_fw-la mihi_fw-la necessitas_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la iniqua_fw-la exactione_n pecunia_fw-la mihi_fw-la congeratur_fw-la after_o which_o the_o historian_n say_v omnes_fw-la 21._o enim_fw-la leges_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquis_fw-la regibus_fw-la &_o maxim_n ab_fw-la antecessore_fw-la svo_fw-la ethelredo_fw-la latas_fw-la sub_fw-la interminatione_fw-la regiae_n mulctae_fw-la perpetuis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la observari_fw-la praecepit_fw-la in_fw-la quarum_fw-la custodia_fw-la etiam_fw-la nunc_fw-la tempore_fw-la bonorum_fw-la sub_fw-la nomine_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la juratur_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la ille_fw-la statuerit_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la observaverit_fw-la 3._o under_o the_o norman_n king_n william_n the_o first_o though_o william_n the_o conqueror_n get_v the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n and_o introduce_v several_a arbitrary_a law_n as_o new_a tenor_n etc._n etc._n yet_o do_v he_o never_o make_v such_o a_o absolute_a conquest_n nor_o do_v the_o kingdom_n receive_v so_o universal_a a_o change_n as_o our_o english_a modern_a author_n as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o general_a confederacy_n without_o examination_n of_o truth_n have_v publish_v to_o the_o world_n who_o father_n upon_o this_o revolution_n all_o the_o alteration_n which_o their_o conceit_n or_o fancy_n can_v imagine_v and_o suppose_v thucydides_n 1._o say_v man_n receive_v the_o report_n of_o thing_n though_o of_o their_o own_o country_n if_o do_v before_o their_o time_n all_o alike_o from_o one_o as_o from_o another_o without_o any_o examination_n in_o like_a manner_n have_v those_o our_o historian_n be_v mistake_v by_o transcribe_v and_o patch_v out_o their_o history_n one_o from_o another_o so_o that_o in_o conclusion_n with_o their_o own_o addition_n or_o comment_n truth_n in_o many_o thing_n be_v utter_o lose_v 1._o the_o word_n conquestor_n or_o conqueror_n do_v not_o in_o that_o age_n import_n or_o signify_v what_o our_o late_a author_n by_o flattery_n have_v since_o make_v it_o nor_o do_v it_o carry_v with_o it_o the_o enslave_v of_o the_o nation_n after_o that_o william_n have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n against_o harold_n there_o be_v no_o more_o in_o the_o denomination_n of_o conqueror_n than_o that_o after_o william_n have_v make_v claim_n to_o the_o crown_n from_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o harold_n oppose_v he_o he_o be_v force_v to_o get_v his_o right_n by_o battle_n against_o king_n harold_n and_o as_o to_o the_o word_n conquestus_fw-la or_o conquest_n mat._n paris_n write_v 〈◊〉_d rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la ex_fw-la conquestu_fw-la dicitur_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la beatus_fw-la edwardus_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la haerede_fw-la caruit_fw-la regnum_fw-la legavit_fw-la willielmo_n bastardo_fw-la duci_fw-la normannorum_fw-la sir_n henry_n spelman_n 〈…〉_z in_o his_o glossary_n say_v willielmus_fw-la primus_fw-la conquestor_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quia_fw-la angliam_fw-la conquisivit_fw-la i._n e._n acquisivit_fw-la purchase_v non_fw-la quod_fw-la subegit_fw-la and_o sir_n john_n skene_n clerk_n of_o the_o register_n council_n and_o roll_n to_o king_n james_n in_o scotland_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr verborum_fw-la significatione_n pag._n 39_o write_v conquestus_fw-la signify_v land_n quhilk_n any_o person_n acquiris_fw-la and_o possessis_fw-la privato_fw-la jure_fw-la vel_fw-la singulari_fw-la titulo_fw-la vel_fw-la donatione_fw-la vel_fw-la singulari_fw-la aliquo_fw-la contractu_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o learned_a knight_n sir_n roger_n twiâ—den_n who_o well_o understand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o word_n conquestus_fw-la in_o his_o preface_n before_o that_o king_n law_n say_v non_fw-la existimo_fw-la lamberdum_fw-la willielmum_fw-la primum_fw-la de_fw-la omnium_fw-la anglorum_fw-la terris_fw-la ad_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la svam_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la libitu_fw-la in_o
modum_fw-la absolutae_fw-la dominationis_fw-la disposuisse_fw-la all_o which_o be_v most_o plain_a and_o justify_v infallible_o by_o doomsday_n book_n make_v in_o that_o 4â—_n king_n reign_n and_o in_o other_o subsequent_a record_n where_o the_o title_n and_o claim_n of_o many_o common_a person_n to_o their_o own_o and_o ancestor_n possession_n both_o in_o his_o time_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n be_v clear_o allow_v but_o if_o king_n william_n have_v make_v a_o absolute_a and_o universal_a conquest_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o modern_a sense_n how_o can_v such_o title_n have_v hold_v or_o who_o will_v or_o dare_v have_v make_v such_o claim_n even_o against_o the_o king_n himself_o will_v he_o not_o have_v seize_v all_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o grant_v the_o conquer_a land_n to_o other_o and_o his_o grant_n can_v not_o have_v be_v avoid_v by_o any_o englishman_n who_o have_v the_o inheritance_n and_o possession_n and_o live_v in_o peace_n before_o and_o at_o his_o come_n in_o and_o no_o title_n can_v be_v derive_v but_o from_o or_o under_o he_o at_o lest_o none_o can_v have_v be_v maintain_v against_o his_o grant_n but_o that_o the_o contrary_n be_v true_a will_v evident_o appear_v if_o we_o consider_v 1._o that_o it_o be_v record_v in_o doomsday_n book_n that_o king_n william_n have_v certain_a land_n in_o demesne_n viz._n the_o land_n which_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o king_n edward_n and_o entitle_v terrae_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o other_o land_n which_o be_v forfeit_v to_o he_o by_o those_o who_o take_v part_n with_o harold_n entitle_v terrae_fw-la regis_fw-la 2._o william_n the_o first_o have_v give_v away_o sharnborn_a britan._n in_o norfolk_n to_o warren_n a_o great_a favourite_n one_o of_o his_o norman_n edwinus_fw-la de_fw-fr sharnborn_n be_v a_o englishman_n and_o true_a owner_n of_o the_o estate_n demand_v his_o right_n in_o open_a court_n before_o the_o king_n upon_o this_o reason_n of_o law_n that_o he_o never_o be_v against_o the_o king_n either_o before_o or_o after_o he_o come_v in_o whereupon_o the_o king_n vinculo_fw-la juramenti_fw-la astrictus_fw-la give_v judgement_n of_o right_n against_o the_o norman_a and_o sharnborn_a recover_v the_o lordship_n sir_n 184._o henry_n spelman_n out_o of_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n concern_v the_o family_n of_o the_o sharnborns_n in_o norfolk_n have_v it_o thus_o edwinus_fw-la de_fw-la sharborne_n &_o quidam_fw-la alii_fw-la qui_fw-la ejecti_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la è_fw-la terris_fw-la suis_fw-la abierunt_fw-la ad_fw-la conquestorem_fw-la &_o dixerunt_fw-la ei_fw-la quod_fw-la nunquam_fw-la ante_fw-la conquestum_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o conquestu_fw-la nec_fw-la post_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la regem_fw-la in_o consilio_fw-la &_o auxilio_fw-la sed_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la se_fw-la in_o pace_n et_fw-la hoc_fw-la parati_fw-la sunt_fw-la probare_fw-la quo_fw-la modo_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la vellet_fw-la ordinare_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la fecit_fw-la inquiri_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la si_fw-la ita_fw-la fuit_fw-la quod_fw-la quidem_fw-la probatum_fw-la fuit_fw-la propter_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la praecepit_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la sic_fw-la se_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la in_o pace_n in_o forma_fw-la praedicta_fw-la quod_fw-la ipsi_fw-la rehaberent_fw-la omnes_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o dominationes_fw-la svas_fw-la adeo_fw-la integre_n &_o in_o pace_n ut_fw-la unquam_fw-la habuerunt_fw-la vel_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la ante_fw-la conquestum_fw-la suum_fw-la this_o be_v cite_v almost_o as_o the_o only_a case_n or_o act_v of_o favour_n the_o conqueror_n do_v but_o that_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n for_o many_o other_o instance_n i_o can_v give_v of_o this_o nature_n all_o act_n of_o justice_n and_o right_n as_o appear_v in_o doomsday_n book_n much_o more_o may_v be_v say_v upon_o this_o subject_n i_o will_v only_o add_v the_o judicious_a assertion_n of_o a_o great_a lawyer_n and_o judge_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n admit_v and_o agree_v as_o a_o rule_n of_o law_n and_o truth_n by_o the_o judge_n and_o transmit_v to_o posterity_n le_fw-fr conqueror_n say_v he_o ne_fw-fr 2._o vient_fw-fr pas_fw-fr pour_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr qui_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr droiturell_n possession_n mes_fw-fr de_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr que_fw-fr de_fw-fr lour_v tort_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr occupy_v ascun_fw-fr terre_fw-fr en_fw-fr desheritance_n del_fw-it roy_n &_o son_n corone_n it_o be_v speak_v upon_o a_o objection_n make_v in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o abbot_n of_o peterborough_n concern_v a_o charter_n grant_v by_o king_n edgar_n to_o that_o abbey_n which_o the_o king_n council_n will_v have_v avoid_v upon_o this_o pretence_n for_o want_n of_o a_o better_a because_o by_o the_o conquest_n all_o franchise_n be_v devolve_v and_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n 2._o king_n william_n claim_v the_o english_a diadem_n jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la from_o edward_n the_o 26_o confessor_n which_o both_o his_o own_o law_n charter_n and_o the_o charter_n of_o his_o two_o son_n william_n and_o henry_n do_v full_o prove_v there_o be_v some_o indeed_o that_o mention_n that_o he_o obtain_v the_o crown_n ore_fw-la gladii_fw-la but_o that_o must_v be_v understand_v quod_fw-la jure_fw-la belli_fw-la contra_fw-la harolaum_n ipse_fw-la acquisivit_fw-la as_o a_o manuscript_n historian_n say_v meipsum_fw-la 3._o he_o do_v not_o make_v a_o actual_a conquest_n by_o his_o arm_n when_o he_o come_v in_o of_o the_o five_o part_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o the_o pope_n have_v send_v he_o a_o consecrate_a banner_n and_o a_o bull_n of_o excommunication_n against_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n if_o they_o oppose_v he_o in_o adhere_v to_o king_n harold_n and_o he_o have_v get_v the_o victory_n at_o hastings_n and_o the_o clergy_n with_o several_a of_o the_o nobility_n who_o he_o have_v purchase_v to_o his_o part_n both_o by_o money_n and_o great_a assurance_n of_o preferment_n and_o other_o advantage_n base_o and_o treacherous_o desert_v edgar_n etheling_n a_o soft_a and_o weak_a prince_n yet_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n at_o length_n upon_o william_n declare_v that_o he_o will_v confirm_v the_o law_n of_o saint_n edward_n he_o be_v electus_fw-la à _fw-la clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la and_o with_o all_o the_o ceremony_n and_o solemnity_n then_o in_o use_n be_v crown_v at_o westminster_n the_o whole_a nation_n submit_v to_o he_o but_o hear_v what_o the_o historian_n of_o those_o time_n say_v londoniam_fw-la convenientibus_fw-la 〈…〉_z francis_n &_o anglis_fw-la ad_fw-la nativitatem_fw-la domini_fw-la illisque_fw-la omnibus_fw-la concedentibus_fw-la coronam_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o dominationem_fw-la suscepit_fw-la die_fw-la 〈…〉_z ordinationi_fw-la decreto_fw-la locutus_fw-la ad_fw-la anglos_n condecenti_fw-la sermone_fw-la eborac_n archiepiscopus_fw-la sapiens_fw-la bone_fw-la eloquens_fw-la a_o consentirent_fw-la eum_fw-la sibi_fw-la dominum_fw-la coronari_fw-la inquisivit_fw-la protestati_fw-la sunt_fw-la hilarem_fw-la consensum_fw-la universi_fw-la minime_fw-la haesitantes_fw-la ac_fw-la si_fw-la coelitus_fw-la unâ_fw-la ment_fw-la datâ_fw-la unâque_fw-la voce_fw-la anglorum_fw-la voluntati_fw-la quam_fw-la facillime_fw-la normanni_n consonuerunt_fw-la sermocinato_fw-la apud_fw-la eos_fw-la aâ—_n sententiam_fw-la percunctato_fw-la à _fw-la constantini_n praesule_fw-la sic_fw-la electum_fw-la consecravit_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la imposuit_fw-la ei_fw-la diadema_fw-la ipsumque_fw-la regio_fw-la solio_fw-la etc._n etc._n ante_fw-la altar_n s._n petri_n apostoli_fw-la 〈…〉_z coram_fw-la ciero_n &_o populo_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la promittens_fw-la se_fw-la velle_fw-la sanctas_fw-la dei_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la &_o rectores_fw-la illarum_fw-la defendere_fw-la necnon_fw-la &_o cunctum_fw-la populum_fw-la sibi_fw-la subjectum_fw-la just_a &_o regali_fw-la providentia_fw-la regere_fw-la rectam_fw-la legem_fw-la statuere_fw-la &_o tenere_fw-la rapinas_fw-la injustaque_fw-la judicia_fw-la penitus_fw-la interdicere_fw-la exacto_fw-la b._n prius_fw-la coram_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la quod_fw-la se_fw-la modeste_fw-la erga_fw-la subditos_fw-la ageret_fw-la &_o aequo_fw-la jure_fw-la anglos_n &_o francos_fw-la tractaret_fw-la pursuant_n to_o all_o which_o and_o to_o fix_v himself_o more_o sure_o in_o that_o his_o new-got_a chair_n of_o sovereignty_n he_o by_o his_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la or_o great_a charter_n grant_n and_o confirm_v the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n ablatum_fw-la willielmus_fw-la etiam_fw-la rex_fw-la cui_fw-la sanctus_n edwardus_fw-la regnum_fw-la contùlit_fw-la leges_fw-la ipsius_fw-la sancti_fw-la servandas_fw-la esse_fw-la concessit_fw-la say_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n but_o now_o 190._o we_o will_v set_v down_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o charter_n which_o run_v thus_o volumus_fw-la etiam_fw-la ac_fw-la firmiter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la monarchiae_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la praedicti_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o teneant_fw-la terras_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o possessiones_fw-la svas_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o in_o pace_n libere_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la exactione_n injusta_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la omni_fw-la tallagio_n ita_fw-la quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_n exigatur_fw-la vel_fw-la capiatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la servitium_fw-la svam_fw-la liberum_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la nobis_fw-la facere_fw-la debent_fw-la &_o facere_fw-la tenentur_fw-la &_o prout_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la et_z net_n &_o illis_fw-la à _fw-la nobis_fw-la datum_fw-la &_o concessum_fw-la jure_fw-la
father_n william_n the_o first_o 3._o that_o the_o son_n as_o well_o as_o the_o father_n have_v several_a time_n solemn_o swear_v to_o the_o inviolable_a observance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o st._n edward_n or_o of_o the_o saxon_a government_n 4._o king_n henry_n do_v not_o depend_v on_o the_o norman_n that_o come_v in_o with_o his_o father_n no_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o english_a common_a council_n or_o parliament_n nor_o do_v he_o call_v they_o vassal_n and_o slave_n but_o amici_n &_o fideles_fw-la mei_fw-la naturales_fw-la in_o they_o he_o fix_v his_o only_a hope_n and_o assurance_n both_o for_o their_o fidelity_n and_o courage_n and_o believe_v that_o they_o will_v as_o indeed_o they_o do_v preserve_v and_o defend_v his_o crown_n and_o life_n against_o the_o great_a power_n and_o policy_n of_o he_o and_o the_o kingdom_n most_o bloody_a enemy_n who_o be_v ready_a to_o invade_v both_o with_o a_o mighty_a army_n it_o be_v then_o prudential_o and_o politic_o resolve_v unanimous_o in_o parliament_n not_o to_o permit_v or_o suffer_v the_o duke_n to_o land_n here_o but_o to_o fight_v he_o in_o his_o own_o country_n which_o the_o english_a then_o do_v forty_o year_n after_o the_o come_n in_o of_o william_n the_o first_o and_o at_o one_o battle_n not_o only_o total_o conquer_v and_o overthrow_v the_o norman_n but_o take_v robert_n their_o duke_n prisoner_n and_o thereby_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o danger_n and_o fear_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o and_o in_o despite_n of_o the_o french_a power_n set_v the_o ducal_z crown_n of_o normandy_n upon_o the_o head_n of_o king_n henry_n a_o englishman_n and_o after_o robert_n have_v remain_v for_o some_o time_n in_o prison_n at_o last_o to_o conclude_v the_o catastrophe_n of_o his_o unhappy_a life_n he_o have_v his_o eye_n burn_v out_o of_o his_o head_n and_o so_o by_o a_o sad_a fate_n leave_v all_o to_o the_o english_a king_n from_o all_o which_o authority_n and_o reason_n under_o correction_n it_o be_v sufficient_o evidence_v that_o in_o the_o british_a saxon_a and_o norman_a government_n the_o commons_o as_o we_o now_o phrase_v they_o have_v vote_n and_o a_o share_n in_o the_o make_n and_o enact_v of_o law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o that_o they_o be_v a_o essential_a part_n of_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la wittena_n gemot_n or_o parliament_n before_z and_o after_o the_o suppose_a conquest_n by_o king_n william_n the_o first_o have_v thus_o conclude_v my_o preface_n i_o shall_v now_o diligent_o apply_v myself_o to_o discuss_v that_o grand_a point_n touch_v the_o introduction_n of_o the_o commons_o into_o our_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n as_o represent_v by_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n be_v indeed_o the_o principal_a work_n i_o intend_v and_o be_v finish_v before_o this_o preface_n the_o difficulty_n of_o which_o can_v be_v well_o judge_v of_o but_o by_o those_o who_o have_v undertake_v subject_n of_o like_a intricacy_n for_o i_o have_v at_o a_o great_a charge_n and_o expense_n of_o time_n and_o without_o any_o man_n assistance_n or_o help_n out_o of_o the_o dark_a and_o neglect_a path_n of_o antiquity_n endeavour_v to_o make_v truth_n public_a and_o general_a and_o with_o submission_n i_o hope_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o i_o have_v rescue_v from_o the_o force_n and_o power_n of_o a_o dangerous_a grow_a error_n the_o just_a and_o ancient_a right_n and_o privilege_n of_o our_o ancestor_n in_o a_o matter_n of_o the_o high_a moment_n and_o concern_v which_o be_v impartial_o debate_v in_o the_o ensue_a discourse_n a_o subject_n whereof_o to_o the_o best_a of_o my_o knowledge_n no_o author_n hitherto_o have_v so_o particular_o treat_v a_o discourse_n wherein_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n be_v a_o essential_a part_n of_o the_o parliament_n before_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o hen._n 3._o several_a great_a and_o learned_a author_n of_o our_o age_n have_v in_o their_o work_n and_o write_n frequent_o publish_v and_o assert_v to_o the_o world_n this_o position_n as_o a_o unquestionable_a truth_n that_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n as_o distinguish_v from_o the_o lord_n compound_v of_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n have_v their_o first_o birth_n and_o beginning_n by_o rebellion_n an._n 49_o h._n 3._o and_o that_o too_o after_o the_o battle_n of_o lewes_n when_o the_o baron_n have_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n in_o their_o power_n as_o prisoner_n and_o exercise_v regal_a authority_n in_o his_o name_n the_o consideration_n and_o consequent_n thereof_o raise_v in_o my_o mind_n a_o great_a desire_n serious_o and_o impartial_o to_o inquire_v into_o so_o important_a a_o point_n of_o antiquity_n and_o the_o better_a to_o satisfy_v both_o my_o own_o judgement_n and_o the_o judgement_n of_o some_o of_o my_o friend_n i_o have_v run_v over_o many_o record_n and_o historian_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a in_o print_n and_o manuscript_n but_o can_v find_v any_o authority_n or_o reason_n to_o give_v a_o colour_n to_o so_o harsh_a a_o assertion_n i_o shall_v therefore_o under_o a_o humble_a submission_n to_o so_o eminent_a antiquary_n endeavour_v to_o disprove_v this_o notion_n of_o 49_o h._n 3._o by_o these_o follow_a argument_n 1._o from_o the_o claim_n and_o prescription_n of_o the_o borough_n of_o s_o t_o alban_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o 8_o e._n 2._o to_o send_v two_o burgess_n to_o all_o parliament_n sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la burgenses_n regni_fw-la totis_fw-la retroactis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 1._o and_o his_o progenitor_n if_o so_o then_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n grandfather_n to_o e._n 1._o and_o so_o before_o h._n 3._o 2._o from_o record_n a_o o_o 15_o o_o johannis_n regis_fw-la wherein_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n not_o so_o numerous_a then_o as_o after_o and_o now_o together_o with_o the_o earl_n baron_n &_o magnates_fw-la angliae_fw-la be_v to_o give_v consilium_fw-la &_o auxilium_fw-la ad_fw-la honorem_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o suum_fw-la &_o statum_fw-la regni_fw-la who_o short_o after_o meet_v at_o london_n convocatum_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la de_fw-la toto_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la secta_fw-la laicali_fw-la and_o so_o within_o the_o express_a prescription_n of_o the_o borough_n of_o st._n alban_n 3._o from_o the_o solemn_a resolution_n and_o great_a judgement_n of_o both_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o the_o parliament_n of_o 40_o e._n 3._o against_o the_o pope_n that_o if_o king_n john_n have_v a_o o_o 14_o o_o of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v three_o year_n before_o the_o grant_n of_o his_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la make_v the_o kingdom_n tributary_n to_o the_o pope_n he_o have_v do_v it_o sanz_o lour_v assent_n which_o must_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o and_o therefore_o void_a 4._o from_o several_a record_n inter_fw-la alia_fw-la de_fw-fr annis_n 28_o 32_o 37_o 42_o 48_o h._n 3._o mention_v parliament_n then_o hold_v and_o their_o proceed_n in_o some_o of_o which_o the_o word_n commons_o be_v express_o mention_v as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n and_o magnate_v to_o be_v part_n of_o those_o parliament_n 5._o from_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n 2_o h._n 5._o that_o famous_a prince_n where_o it_o be_v declare_v and_o admit_v that_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o land_n be_v ever_o a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o so_o consequent_o be_v part_n of_o the_o parliament_n annis_n 16_o 17_o johannis_n 28_o 32_o 37_o 42_o 48_o h._n 3._o all_o within_o the_o prescription_n of_o the_o borough_n of_o st._n alban_n 6._o from_o the_o form_n of_o pen_v of_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o expression_n in_o record_n in_o 49_o 51_o 54_o h._n 3._o when_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o commons_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o phrase_n of_o record_n of_o act_n of_o parliament_n before_o that_o time_n 7._o from_o the_o defect_n and_o loss_n of_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o h._n 3._o and_o e._n 1._o and_o from_o the_o universal_a silence_n of_o all_o record_n and_o our_o ancient_a historian_n contemporary_a and_o succeed_a 49_o h._n 3._o till_o our_o day_n 8._o from_o the_o various_a opinion_n of_o learned_a man_n in_o and_o since_o h._n 8._o time_n who_o never_o dream_v of_o any_o such_o origine_fw-la nor_o be_v ever_o hear_v of_o till_o of_o late_a 9_o from_o compare_v of_o the_o ancient_a generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n instance_a a_o of_o 38_o h._n 3._o with_o we_o in_o england_n wherein_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v which_o be_v eleven_o year_n before_o the_o pretend_a beginning_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o england_n the_o first_o argument_n from_o the_o claim_n and_o prescription_n of_o the_o borough_n of_o st._n alban_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o e._n 2._o to_o send_v two_o burgess_n to_o all_o parliament_n sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la burgenses_n
ove_fw-la tout_fw-fr lour_v puissance_n the_o observation_n i_o shall_v make_v from_o this_o great_a judgement_n shall_v be_v two_o 1._o that_o above_o 300._o year_n ago_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o scruple_n or_o fancy_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n 552._o of_o which_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v then_o undoubted_o a_o part_n ought_v not_o and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o king_n john_n reign_n and_o to_o have_v assent_v to_o that_o king_n resignation_n an._n 14._o to_o make_v it_o legal_a and_o valid_a as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n 2._o if_o the_o commons_o have_v never_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o but_o that_o the_o king_n and_o great_a lord_n only_o make_v law_n and_o have_v a_o inherent_a power_n as_o some_o of_o our_o modern_a writer_n say_v to_o tax_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n de_fw-fr alto_fw-mi &_o basso_n ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la suum_fw-la jure_fw-la repraesentationis_fw-la sure_o they_o will_v not_o have_v leave_v record_v to_o posterity_n so_o great_a a_o testimonial_a of_o the_o antiquity_n and_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n than_o so_o distinguish_v from_o the_o great_a lord_n as_o be_v express_v in_o the_o roll_n may_v it_o not_o then_o be_v admit_v they_o speak_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v a_o undisputable_a truth_n in_o diebus_fw-la illis_fw-la unless_o we_o must_v believe_v that_o the_o great_a and_o learned_a author_n of_o this_o age_n better_o understand_v the_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o king_n john_n time_n and_o so_o upward_o above_o 460._o year_n since_o than_o the_o whole_a parliament_n of_o 40_o e._n 3._o the_o parliament_n of_o their_o grandfather_n time_n as_o be_v the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n and_o indeed_o this_o famous_a resolution_n be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o declaration_n of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n before_o the_o norman_a duke_n gain_v the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n as_o appear_v by_o king_n harold_n answer_n to_o his_o ambassador_n require_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o king_n oath_n to_o take_v the_o duke_n daughter_n to_o wife_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o crown_n for_o he_o de_fw-fr regno_fw-la addebat_fw-la praesumptuosum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la quod_fw-la absque_fw-la generali_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_fw-la conventu_fw-la &_o edicto_fw-la alienam_fw-la illi_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la juraverit_fw-la which_o be_v record_v by_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n lib._n 3._o p._n 56._o l._n 24._o in_o vita_fw-la williemi_fw-fr i._n a_o author_n without_o all_o exception_n who_o flourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 1._o and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a where_fw-mi and_o in_o who_o the_o legislative_a power_n of_o england_n do_v reside_v there_o be_v but_o 33._o year_n from_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_a duke_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o that_o king_n and_o of_o this_o historian_n the_o learned_a balaeus_n give_v this_o eulogium_fw-la vir_fw-la erat_fw-la svo_fw-la seculo_fw-la in_o omni_fw-la genere_fw-la bonarum_fw-la literarum_fw-la plene_fw-la eruditissimus_fw-la &_o in_o eruendis_fw-la antiquitatibus_fw-la ingenio_fw-la diligentia_fw-la &_o industria_fw-la singularis_fw-la angliae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la nationis_fw-la studosissimus_fw-la illustrator_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o arthur_n duke_n of_o bretaign_n the_o annal_n of_o england_n tell_v we_o that_o king_n john_n be_v summon_v by_o the_o french_a king_n as_o duke_z of_o normandy_n to_o appear_v at_o his_o court_n and_o judicial_o to_o answer_v the_o pretend_a murder_n of_o arthur_n his_o nephew_n whereupon_o the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n and_o hubert_z de_fw-fr burgo_n after_o earl_n of_o kent_n and_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n nuntii_fw-la solemne_n &_o prudentes_fw-la be_v send_v to_o the_o french_a king_n to_o who_o the_o bishop_n thus_o speak_v domine_fw-la 284._o rex_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la dux_n normanniae_fw-la ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la vestram_fw-la venire_fw-la nisi_fw-la veniret_fw-la 61._o rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la cum_fw-la una_fw-la persona_fw-la sint_fw-la dux_n &_o rex_n quod_fw-la non_fw-la permitteret_fw-la aliquo_fw-la modo_fw-la baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la etsi_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la hoc_fw-la vellet_fw-la so_o careful_a be_v the_o baronage_n or_o parliament_n to_o preserve_v the_o ancient_a right_n safety_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n an._n 3_o joh._n before_o any_o difference_n happen_v between_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n anno_fw-la 29_o e._n 1._o the_o king_n send_v ambassador_n 1._o to_o the_o french_a king_n ut_fw-la quid_fw-la de_fw-la truga_fw-la de_fw-fr guerra_fw-mi &_o the_o pace_n deliberasset_fw-la nunciaret_fw-la and_o be_v answer_v se_fw-la non_fw-la posse_fw-la sine_fw-la duodecim_fw-la paribus_fw-la qui_fw-la occupati_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la circa_fw-la novam_fw-la guerram_fw-la tam_fw-la ardua_fw-la tractare_fw-la but_o that_o he_o expect_v their_o come_n in_o fifteen_o day_n quo_fw-la tempore_fw-la transacto_fw-la ipsis_fw-la consentientibus_fw-la they_o declare_v that_o they_o can_v not_o determine_v thereof_o inconsultis_fw-la secum_fw-la scotis_n whereupon_o those_o ambassador_n return_v igitur_fw-la convocato_fw-la parliamento_fw-la londoniis_fw-la recitatisque_fw-la frustratoriis_fw-la dilationibus_fw-la &_o falsis_fw-la machinationibus_fw-la praedictorum_fw-la ambassador_n be_v again_o send_v and_o receive_v this_o answer_n quod_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la adveniret_fw-la faciemus_fw-la personaliter_fw-la &_o inter_fw-la duos_fw-la reges_fw-la de_fw-la optima_fw-la pace_fw-la conveniretur_fw-la whereupon_o the_o king_n of_o england_n aliud_fw-la habuit_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la talia_fw-la recitata_fw-la displicuerunt_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la concilio_n or_o parliament_n definitum_fw-la est_fw-la regem_fw-la pro_fw-la aliquo_fw-la mandato_fw-la vel_fw-la suggestionibus_fw-la ab_fw-la anglia_fw-it egredi_fw-la non_fw-la debere_fw-la from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v the_o reader_n may_v easy_o observe_v 1._o that_o the_o weighty_a and_o great_a affair_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n both_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n and_o after_o be_v by_o a_o fundamental_a principle_n and_o law_n of_o the_o nation_n to_o be_v consult_v of_o and_o resolve_v in_o the_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la or_o parliament_n and_o that_o no_o particular_a person_n or_o order_n of_o man_n do_v take_v upon_o they_o such_o power_n sine_fw-la consensu_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o this_o h._n 3._o and_o his_o council_n well_o know_v when_o he_o tell_v otto_n the_o pope_n nuntio_n quod_fw-la solus_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la definire_fw-la nec_fw-la 3._o debuit_fw-la negotium_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la cleriâ—os_fw-la &_o laiâ—os_fw-la generaliter_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la tangebat_fw-la which_o e._n 1_o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o 23_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n thus_o confirm_v quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la tangit_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dorso_fw-la approbetur_fw-la 2._o that_o the_o generalis_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventus_fw-la &_o edictum_fw-la or_o saxon_a wittena_n gemott_n the_o baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o king_n john_n time_n and_o the_o concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliamentum_fw-la in_o the_o reign_n of_o e._n 1._o be_v verba_fw-la synonyma_fw-la differ_v in_o phrase_n but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o assembly_n in_o substance_n the_o four_o argument_n from_o several_a record_n inter_fw-la alia_fw-la de_fw-la annis_n 28_o 32_o 3â—_n 42_o &_o 48_o h._n 3._o mention_v parliament_n then_o hold_v and_o their_o proceed_n in_o some_o of_o which_o 〈…〉_z the_o word_n commons_o be_v express_o mention_v as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n &_o magnate_n to_o be_v part_n of_o those_o parliament_n the_o general_a council_n at_o runningmead_n 〈◊〉_d hold_v 17_o jâ—â—_n be_v 29._o year_n after_o and_o 20._o year_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o call_v parliamentum_fw-la de_fw-mi runeme_v memorandum_n quod_fw-la in_o parliamento_fw-la a_o 〈…〉_z die_v pasch._n in_o tres_fw-la septimanas_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la regis_fw-la h._n 3._o 28._o london_n celebrato_fw-la negotium_fw-la crucis_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it una_fw-la cum_fw-la collectione_n decimae_fw-la benefiâ—â—â—rum_fw-la ecclesiasâ—â—corum_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la in_o subsidium_fw-la terrae_fw-la sanctae_fw-la à _fw-la sede_fw-la apostolica_fw-la deputat_fw-la be_v treat_v of_o a_o utlary_n against_o william_n de_fw-fr dorso_fw-la hastingcott_n be_v reverse_v and_o he_o restore_v to_o all_o he_o have_v lose_v thereby_o and_o this_o do_v coram_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o toto_fw-la parliamento_fw-la inter_fw-la communia_fw-la hilar._n 17_o e._n 3._o 〈◊〉_d penes_fw-la rememoratorem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o scaccario_fw-la it_o appear_v in_o a_o plea_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prior_n of_o coventry_n that_o 29_o &_o 32_o h._n 3._o quaedam_fw-la subsidia_fw-la per_fw-la magnates_fw-la &_o communitatem_fw-la regni_fw-la spontanea_fw-la &_o mera_fw-fr voluntate_fw-la regi_fw-la concessa_fw-la or_o as_o bracton_n phrase_v 37._o it_o exit_fw-la consensu_fw-la communi_fw-la totius_fw-la regui_fw-la be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o with_o magnates_n &_o communitas_fw-la towards_o the_o marry_n of_o the_o king_n elder_a daughter_n and_o also_o the_o king_n sister_n to_o frederick_n the_o emperor_n which_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n for_o the_o
two_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o that_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n do_v not_o sit_v with_o the_o lord_n the_o prelate_n have_v so_o great_a advantage_n of_o the_o temporal_a lord_n in_o their_o vote_n be_v very_o unkind_a to_o the_o crown_n they_o make_v not_o use_v of_o their_o overbalance_n for_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n then_o say_v to_o be_v in_o custody_n 3._o nor_o have_v i_o yet_o meet_v with_o any_o reason_n give_v why_o when_o the_o government_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v at_o this_o parliament_n of_o 49_o h._n 3._o to_o be_v settle_v after_o so_o long_a and_o bloody_a a_o war_n the_o baron_n be_v then_o so_o victorious_a and_o numerous_a as_o our_o modern_a author_n say_v they_o will_v by_o their_o absence_n hazard_n and_o endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o all_o by_o entrust_v the_o prelate_n and_o commons_o with_o the_o overbalance_n many_o remarkable_a observation_n may_v be_v raise_v upon_o this_o record_n both_o as_o to_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o but_o i_o will_v now_o pass_v to_o my_o eight_o argument_n conclude_v this_o with_o m_n r_o pryâ—â—s_n opinion_n tower_n how_o the_o parliament_n roll_v before_o e._n 3._o come_v to_o be_v lose_v or_o destroy_v i_o will_v use_v his_o own_o word_n that_o there_o be_v no_o record_n at_o all_o in_o the_o tower_n except_o some_o few_o ancient_a charter_n or_o exemplification_n of_o they_o ancient_a than_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n john_n all_o the_o rest_n from_o william_n the_o first_o his_o reign_n till_o then_o except_o some_o few_o in_o the_o exchequer_n not_o relate_v to_o parliament_n be_v utter_o lose_v the_o first_o parliament_n roll_v yet_o remain_v be_v these_o 5_o 8_o 9_o and_o 19_o the_o of_o king_n e._n 2._o the_o statute_n roll_v of_o h._n 3._o e._n 1._o e._n 2._o contain_v some_o statute_n make_v in_o their_o reign_n a_o parchment_n book_n of_o some_o plea_n in_o parliament_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n e._n 1._o and_o 2._o and_o a_o few_o bundle_n of_o petition_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o 6_o e._n 1._o and_o 1_o 2_o 3_o and_o 4_o e._n 3._o none_o of_o which_o be_v here_o abridge_v viz._n in_o the_o abridgement_n by_o he_o publish_v only_o i_o find_v in_o the_o clause_n patent_n charter_n and_o fine_a roll_n of_o king_n john_n h._n 3._o e._n 1_o and_o 2._o some_o writ_n of_o summons_n and_o some_o memorial_n of_o act_n ordinance_n make_v and_o aid_n subsidy_n dime_n quindism_n custom_n grant_v in_o parliament_n hold_v during_o their_o reign_n the_o roll_n whereof_o be_v perish_v and_o quite_o lose_v either_o through_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o record_n keeper_n or_o the_o injury_n iniquity_n of_o the_o time_n during_o the_o civil_a war_n between_o the_o king_n and_o baron_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o king_n john_n and_o h._n 3._o and_o betwixt_o the_o two_o house_n of_o lancaster_n and_o york_n i._o for_o the_o title_n of_o the_o crown_n wherein_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a the_o prevail_a king_n party_n by_o their_o instrument_n embezzle_v suppress_v such_o parliamentary_a record_n and_o proceed_n as_o make_v most_o against_o their_o interest_n power_n prerogatives_n title_n or_o through_o the_o default_n of_o our_o king_n great_a officer_n and_o attorney_n who_o send_v for_o the_o parliament_n roll_v out_o of_o the_o tower_n upon_o special_a occasion_n never_o return_v they_o again_o for_o reason_n best_o know_v to_o themselves_o by_o mean_n whereof_o those_o parliament_n roll_v be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v find_v their_o defect_n must_v be_v supply_v only_o out_o of_o such_o fragment_n and_o memorial_n of_o they_o as_o be_v extant_a in_o our_o other_o record_n and_o ancient_a historian_n especial_o in_o matthew_n paris_n matthew_n westm._n william_n of_o malmesbury_n henry_n archdeacon_n of_o huntingdon_n roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n the_o chronicle_n of_o brompton_n radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la ranulphus_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la and_o thomas_n of_o walsingham_n who_o give_v we_o some_o account_n of_o their_o proceed_n and_o transaction_n which_o else_o have_v be_v utter_o bury_v in_o oblivion_n as_o well_o as_o their_o roll_n wherein_o they_o be_v at_o large_a record_v as_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v yet_o extant_a the_o eight_o argument_n from_o the_o various_a opinion_n of_o the_o learned_a man_n in_o and_o since_o h._n 8._o who_o never_o dream_v of_o any_o such_o origine_fw-la nor_o be_v it_o ever_o hear_v of_o till_o of_o late_a it_o will_v be_v tedious_a to_o set_v down_o the_o various_a and_o wander_a opinion_n and_o reason_n of_o our_o modern_a author_n in_o english_a touch_v the_o beginning_n of_o our_o parliament_n and_o constituent_a part_n thereof_o especial_o of_o the_o commons_o as_o now_o call_v and_o comprehend_v in_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n in_o parliament_n i_o will_v but_o instance_n in_o a_o few_o eminent_a author_n and_o leave_v the_o crowd_n behind_o the_o great_a antiquary_n mr._n lamberd_v hold_n that_o they_o be_v before_o 246._o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o first_o and_o there_o be_v other_o learned_a man_n who_o give_v their_o assent_n to_o that_o as_o a_o great_a truth_n mr._n prynn_n say_v by_o all_o the_o ancient_a gloss._n precedent_n before_o the_o conquest_n it_o be_v most_o apparent_a that_o all_o our_o pristine_a synod_n and_o council_n be_v nought_o else_o but_o parliament_n that_o our_o king_n nobles_z senators_z aldermen_z wiseman_n knight_n and_o commons_o be_v usual_o present_a and_o vote_v in_o they_o as_o member_n and_o judge_n polydore_v virgil_n hollinshead_n speed_n and_o martin_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o commons_o be_v first_o summon_v at_o a_o parliament_n at_o salisbury_n an._n 16_o h._n 1._o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o prerogative_n of_o parliament_n think_v it_o be_v anno_fw-la 18_o h._n 1._o my_o lord_n bacon_n in_o a_o letter_n to_o 1621._o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n ask_v where_o be_v the_o commons_o before_o h._n 1._o give_v they_o authority_n to_o meet_v in_o parliament_n dr._n heylin_n find_v another_o beginning_n 〈…〉_z and_o say_v that_o h._n 2._o who_o be_v duke_n of_o anjou_n be_v the_o first_o institutor_n of_o our_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v a_o anjovian_a he_o learn_v in_o france_n but_o i_o can_v find_v that_o any_o of_o those_o ever_o suppose_a the_o commons_o be_v first_o introduce_v in_o parliament_n 49_o h._n 3._o by_o rebellion_n nor_o be_v this_o opinion_n entertain_v by_o any_o author_n i_o can_v meet_v with_o anno_fw-la 1529._o 21_o h._n 8._o for_o in_o a_o answer_n of_o that_o great_a and_o excellent_a person_n sir_n thomas_n more_o lord_n 296._o chancellor_n of_o england_n in_o his_o supplication_n of_o soul_n against_o the_o supplication_n of_o beggar_n discourse_v about_o king_n john_n make_v in_o the_o 14_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o three_o year_n before_o his_o grant_v magna_n charta_fw-la the_o realm_n tributary_n to_o the_o pope_n declare_v his_o judgement_n without_o any_o doubt_n or_o hesitation_n and_o therein_o as_o i_o take_v it_o the_o universal_a tradition_n and_o belief_n of_o all_o learned_a man_n of_o that_o and_o precedent_a time_n that_o the_o clergy_n and_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n make_v the_o parliament_n in_o the_o age_n of_o king_n john_n and_o that_o never_o can_v any_o king_n of_o england_n give_v away_o the_o realm_n to_o the_o pope_n or_o make_v the_o land_n tributary_n without_o their_o grant_n who_o book_n and_o so_o his_o opinion_n we_o find_v approve_v of_o and_o publish_v by_o a_o grave_n and_o learned_a judge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n mr._n justice_n 〈◊〉_d rastall_a and_o dedicate_v to_o queen_n mary_n herself_o an._n 1557._o not_o much_o above_o a_o century_n ago_o the_o nine_o argument_n from_o the_o comparison_n of_o the_o ancient_a generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n instance_a an._n 38_o h._n 3._o with_o we_o in_o england_n wherein_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v which_o be_v eleven_o year_n before_o the_o pretend_a beginning_n of_o the_o commons_o here_o as_o great_a a_o right_n and_o privilege_n sure_o be_v and_o ought_v to_o be_v allow_v to_o the_o english_a subject_n as_o be_v to_o the_o irish_a before_o 49_o h._n 3._o and_o if_o that_o be_v admit_v and_o that_o their_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n have_v its_o platform_n from_o we_o as_o i_o think_v will_v not_o be_v deny_v by_o any_o that_o have_v consider_v the_o history_n and_o record_n touch_v that_o land_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o two_o ensue_a record_n an._n 38_o h._n 3._o clear_o evince_v that_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v then_o a_o part_n of_o their_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n that_o king_n be_v in_o partibus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d transmarinis_fw-la and_o the_o queen_n be_v leave_v regent_n
e._n 1._o gloâ—â—_n 6_o e._n 1._o de_fw-fr mercatorioâ—s_n 13_o e._n 1._o de_fw-fr vaâ—â—o_n 20_o e._n 1._o declare_v they_o be_v make_v per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la coke_n 2._o instit._fw-la sol_fw-la 156._o all_o the_o ancient_a writ_n of_o summons_n of_o our_o temporal_a lord_n to_o great_a council_n be_v utter_o lose_v through_o negligence_n or_o perish_v through_o the_o rust_n or_o consumption_n of_o time_n the_o very_a first_o write_v of_o summons_n to_o they_o and_o calendar_n of_o their_o name_n now_o remain_v be_v that_o of_o 49_o h._n 3._o prynn_n register_n of_o parliamentary_a writ_n part_v 1._o sol_fw-mi 160._o â—â—t_n to_o point_n out_o who_o they_o be_v viz._n b_o 〈…〉_z maiâ—res_n that_o have_v their_o first_o rise_n by_o writ_n of_o summons_n until_o 22_o e._n 1._o and_o afterward_o pa_v my_o skill_n there_o be_v no_o public_a record_n that_o do_v make_v mention_n of_o they_o till_o then_o except_v that_o of_o 49_o h._n 3._o d_o 〈…〉_z pres_n to_o his_o basilius_n 〈…〉_z angliae_fw-la tom._n 1._o exit_fw-la ms._n 〈…〉_z s_o honorabileâ—_n dominum_fw-la bar._n de_fw-fr hollis_n pulton_n stat._n sol_fw-mi 99_o 25_o e._n 3._o it_o be_v consider_v and_o declare_v by_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o this_o realm_n now_o represent_v by_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o same_o assemble_v in_o this_o present_a parliament_n that_o the_o king_n highness_n before_o almighty_a god_n be_v bind_v as_o by_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o good_a christian_a prince_n for_o the_o conservation_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o good_a estate_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o this_o his_o realm_n to_o do_v all_o that_o in_o he_o be_v to_o obviate_v repress_v and_o redress_v the_o say_a abusion_n and_o exaction_n of_o annates_fw-la or_o first-fruit_n apad_v capell_n rotulor_fw-la rot._n parl._n 23_o h._n 8._o n._n 33._o m_o r_o pryâ—n's_fw-fr preface_n to_o sâ—_n robâ—rt_n cotton_n abridgement_n of_o the_o record_n iâ—_n the_o tower_n rot._n pari._fw-la 1_o 〈◊〉_d 4._o n._n 8._o 〈◊〉_d richard_n 〈…〉_z 〈…〉_z it_o rot_v 〈…〉_z paâ—â—â—amâ—nti_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d svo_fw-la 〈◊〉_d &_o d_o 〈…〉_z i._o lamberd_v archion_n sol_fw-it 246._o prynn_n truth_n triumph_v over_o falsehood_n antiquity_n over_o novelty_n sol_fw-mi 69._o parliamentum_fw-la synodus_fw-la magnâ—_n nun_n 〈…〉_z r_o somneri_fw-la gloss._n cabala_n sol_fw-mi 65._o a_o 〈…〉_z 1621._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d world_n 〈…〉_z sir_n 〈◊〉_d morâ—_n be_v work_n sol_fw-mi 296._o willtelmus_fw-la rastall_a sâ—rviens_fw-la ad_fw-la ligeâ—_fw-la constitatus_fw-la jastâ—â—_n de_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d tesre_fw-la rege_fw-la apud_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 2d_o octobr_n 〈◊〉_d par._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 61â—_n &_o 〈◊〉_d rot._n pat._n 〈◊〉_d h._n 〈◊〉_d 4._o 〈◊〉_d 〈…〉_z inquisitio_fw-la facta_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamentam_fw-la de_fw-fr tristel_n dermond_n die_v mercurii_n proxima_fw-la post_fw-la festion_n sanctae_fw-la trinitatis_fw-la an._n 48_o h._n 3._o coram_fw-la domino_fw-la ricardo_n de_fw-fr rupella_n capitali_fw-la justiciario_n hiberniae_fw-la &_o coâ—am_fw-la domino_fw-la hugone_n de_fw-fr tachmone_n epi_n 〈…〉_z po_fw-es midensi_fw-la take_v tâ—â—sâ—â—rariâ—_n etc._n etc._n exit_fw-la reg_n 〈…〉_z architpi_n 〈…〉_z dubliniensis_n parliament_n in_o ireland_n aâ—_n 48_o h._n 3._o ibid._n 〈◊〉_d rot._n pat._n 5_o e._n 1._o m._n 13._o rot._n pat._n 28_o e._n 1._o m._n 15._o de_fw-fr 15_o 1_o regi_fw-la in_o hibernia_n contessa_n taxand_n inhibition_n ne_fw-fr qui_fw-fr magâ—atis_fw-la videlicet_fw-la comes_fw-la 〈◊〉_d milis_fw-la sâ—ali_fw-la â—ua_fw-la alia_fw-la notabilis_fw-la personâ—_n transeat_fw-la aâ—_n part_n transmarinas_fw-la rot_v claus._n 3_o e._n 2._o m._n 16._o 19_o dorso_fw-la paulâ—s_v aemilius_n hist._n franc._n lib._n 9_o rot._n parl._n 9_o h._n 5._o n._n 14._o pars_fw-la 1_o a._n approbatio_fw-la pacis_fw-la inter_fw-la râ—gna_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o francia_fw-la nuper_fw-la conclusae_fw-la rot._n parl._n 11_o h._n 7._o n._n 40._o in_o consimiliforma_fw-la the_o last_o of_o which_o be_v the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n appear_v by_o their_o representative_n or_o delegate_n the_o portugal_n history_n impress_n an._n 1677._o pag._n 279._o p_o 〈…〉_z in_o he_o 〈…〉_z thâ—anus_fw-la hist._n lib._n 131._o fol._n 1108._o tom._n 〈◊〉_d regiam_fw-la majestatem_fw-la scotiae_fw-la apud_fw-la eundem_fw-la statuta_fw-la wilhelmi_n regis_fw-la pag._n 3._o cap._n 7._o 〈◊〉_d statute_n alexandri_fw-la 〈…〉_z pag._n 2d_o 〈◊〉_d 2._o râ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 2._o 〈◊〉_d 2._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d exon._n wor_n 〈…〉_z hunt_n 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n exit_fw-la 〈◊〉_d in_fw-la â—â—â—ri_fw-la london_n 28_o e._n 1._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d lib._n 1._o cap._n 1._o 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d spiâ—â—â—â—_n â—od_a de_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d lib._n 1._o cap._n 3._o objection_n eum_n â—go_fw-la plâ—bâ—iâ—m_fw-la voâ—â—_n quâ—m_fw-la leges_fw-la nostrae_fw-la â—ominem_fw-la legâ—â—â—m_fw-la appellant_n say_v a_o learned_a man_n a_o lawyer_n and_o privy_a councillor_n to_o the_o famous_a queen_n tâ—â—_n s_o 〈…〉_z de_fw-fr repâ—â—_n a_o 〈…〉_z 1._o cap._n 23._o fol._n 43._o diego_n p_o 〈…〉_z s._n and_o the_o archbishop_n question_v to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o coronation_n oath_n run_v si_fw-la liges_fw-la &_o con_fw-la 〈…〉_z s_o ab_fw-la antiquis_fw-la justis_fw-la &_o deo_fw-la devotis_fw-la regibus_fw-la pâ—â—bi_fw-la anglorum_fw-la 〈…〉_z as_o t_o 〈…〉_z i_o magâ—a_fw-it charta_fw-la fol._n 164._o answer_n r_o 〈…〉_z s_o stat._n pag._n 135_o â—â—p_n 3._o ibid._n pag._n 156._o reges_fw-la antiqui_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o chartis_fw-la mentionem_fw-la saciant_fw-la de_fw-la baronibus_fw-la saepe_fw-la subjungunt_fw-la possessivum_fw-la meis_fw-la vel_fw-la nostris_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la regios_fw-la barones_n sic_fw-la distinguant_fw-la à _fw-la baronibus_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la comitum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la etc._n etc._n spelm._n gloss._n tit._n baro_n fol._n 69._o anno_fw-la 3_o h._n 3._o fitz-herbert_n abridgement_n tit._n prescription_n 56._o fol._n 102._o rot._n claus._n 24_o h._n 3._o m._n 10._o pro_fw-la hawisia_n quae_fw-la fuit_fw-la uxor_fw-la johannis_n silij_fw-la alani_n glanvile_n lib._n 8._o cap._n 11._o et_fw-la hoc_fw-la debet_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-la scilicet_fw-la quod_fw-la ob_fw-la talem_fw-la causam_fw-la possunt_fw-la svi_fw-la barones_n curias_n svas_fw-la sic_fw-la in_o curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la ponere_fw-la 1._o observation_n coke_n 2._o instit._fw-la fol._n 539._o articuli_fw-la super_fw-la chartas_n cap._n 1._o note_v before_o 9_o h._n 3._o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v grant_v and_o confirm_v several_a time_n rot._n pat._n 1_o h._n 3._o n._n 13._o rot._n claus._n 2_o h._n 3._o m._n 11._o dorso_fw-la of_o which_o last_o there_o be_v several_a ancient_a transcript_n ms._n penes_fw-la praenobilem_fw-la will._n pierpont_n ms._n penes_fw-la sam._n baldwin_n militem_fw-la servientem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la ad_fw-la legem_fw-la ms._n penes_fw-la johannem_fw-la cook_n gen_n de_fw-fr interiore_fw-la templo_fw-la ms._n penes_fw-la meipsum_fw-la 3_o h._n 3._o hist._n ecclesiae_fw-la angl._n apud_fw-la foxum_n vol._n 1._o pag._n 335._o exit_fw-la ms._n domini_fw-la scales_n rot._n pat._n 3_o h._n 3._o m._n 6._o rot._n pat._n 48_o h._n 3._o pars_fw-la 1._o m._n 8._o dorso_fw-la n._n 10._o coke_n 2._o instit._fw-la fol._n 156._o rastall_n stat._n 12_o e._n 2._o sol_fw-la 59_o statutum_n de_fw-fr asportatis_fw-la religiosorum_fw-la 35_o e._n 1._o placita_fw-la parl._n sol_fw-la 314._o coke_n 2._o instit._fw-la fol._n 580._o rot._n the_o xx_o 1_o 〈◊〉_d xv_o 1_z regi_fw-la ed._n seâ—â—â—do_fw-la apud_fw-la westm._fw-la à _fw-la â—â—lcis_fw-la concess_n ann_n regni_fw-la svi_fw-la octavo_fw-la apud_fw-la clericum_fw-la pipae_fw-la ibidem_fw-la consimile_n anno_fw-la septimo_fw-la consimile_n anno_fw-la nono_fw-la communitas_fw-la comitatuum_fw-la placita_fw-la parl._n pag._n 416_o 417._o rex_fw-la etc._n etc._n quia_fw-la ex_fw-la querela_fw-la multorum_fw-la intelleximus_fw-la quod_fw-la nonnulli_fw-la magnates_fw-la cives_fw-la &_o burgenses_n &_o alii_fw-la in_o libertatibus_fw-la suis_fw-la à _fw-la progenitoribus_fw-la nostris_fw-la regibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o nobis_fw-la eye_v concessis_fw-la easdem_fw-la libertates_fw-la frequent_a excedunt_fw-la &_o sub_fw-la velamiâ—â—_n libertatum_fw-la illarum_fw-la pluribus_fw-la dampna_fw-la non_fw-la modica_fw-la de_fw-fr die_v in_o diem_fw-la inferâ—nt_fw-la rot._n claus._n 2_o e._n 1._o m._n 3._o de_fw-fr libertatibus_fw-la in_o manu_fw-la regis_fw-la reâ—inend_n exit_fw-la veteri_fw-la libro_fw-la statutorum_fw-la in_o lingua_fw-la gallica_n penes_fw-la meipsum_fw-la nota_fw-la the_o ordinance_n of_o the_o staple_n be_v make_v by_o a_o great_a council_n but_o confirm_v and_o make_v a_o statute_n in_o the_o parliament_n 28_o e._n 3._o cap._n 13._o exit_fw-la bundle_n pet._n parl._n 8._o r._n 2._o n._n 1_o 2._o rot._n parl._n 25_o e._n 3._o n._n 69._o nobilitas_fw-la 〈…〉_z t_o dâ—â—lex_n superior_a &_o inferior_a c_o 〈…〉_z 2._o instit._fw-la sol_fw-la 583._o nobiles_fw-la minores_fw-la sunt_fw-la e_o 〈…〉_z it_o be_v sive_fw-la milites_fw-la armigeri_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o gentleman_n 〈◊〉_d camd._n brit._n sol_fw-la 123._o mill_n de_fw-fr nobilitate_fw-la politica_fw-la &_o civili_fw-la â—ol_fw-la 42_o 43._o nobilitas_fw-la causatur_fw-la ex_fw-la loâ—o_fw-la quoniam_fw-la ciâ—is_fw-la â—x_fw-la 〈◊〉_d â—plendida_fw-la oriâ—â—â—us_fw-la nobilis_fw-la est_fw-la chasseneâ—s_fw-la câ—ralogus_fw-la gloriae_fw-la mundi_fw-la pars_fw-la 8._o consid_n 18._o causatur_fw-la etiam_fw-la ex_fw-la cl_n 〈…〉_z ra_fw-mi â—o_o quod_fw-la quis_fw-la