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A34903 An answer to a late book intituled, A discourse concerning the inventions of men in the worship of God, by William, Lord Bishop of Derry wherein the author's arguments against the manner of publick worship performed by Protestant dissenters are examined and by plain Scripture and reason confuted, his mistakes as to matters of fact detected, and some important truths concerning the spirit of prayer and external adoration, &c. vindicated / by Robert Craghead ... Craghead, Robert. 1694 (1694) Wing C6793; ESTC R7154 118,658 170

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before Ans The Author 's terming of bodily bowing as the most proper worship is contrary to the Doctrine of Christ Joh. 4. 23. But the hour cometh and now is when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in Spirit and in Truth for the Father seeketh such to worship him Here Christ preferreth worship in Spirit and Truth to all other worship Name and thing as the most proper and principal worship without which bodily worship is often performed And that bowing of the body doth naturally signifie the submission of the mind besides what is said let the Reader observe Mark 15 19. And they smote him on the Head with a reed and did spit upon him and bowing their knees worshiped Him Here was bodily worshiping but no submission of mind how then doth bowing of the head naturally signifie it these profane Souldiers were smiting and spitting on Christ and yet bowing their knees to him natural signes are not fallacious but this is Ibid. In the Old Testament the words rendered worship signifies properly and Originaly to bow down or prostrate the body Ans What then do we deny bodily Adoration doth the Author consider that he disputeth against no opponent it all this be Lybelled against dissenters 2ly The Author sayeth again and again that bowing of the head is properly worshiping If these Original words signifying bowing of the head do alwayes signifie worship then let him resolve me of the reason why we have so often bowing of the head expressed by one word in the Original and worshiping by another word in the same place if this bowing be properly worship why is it said they bowed and worshiped for according to the Author in all these places it must be thus they worshiped and they worshiped for instance Gen. 24. 26. And the man bowed down his head and worshiped the Lord there is one word here for bowing and another sor worshiping in the Original 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is to bow 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to adore So Psal 95. 5. There is one word for bowing and another for Adoring and Gen. 24. 52. quoted by the Author where there is but one word yet it s that which commonly signifieth Adoration incurvare adorandi causa Buxtorf and it 's express in the Text it was to the Lord the object specifying the Act for otherwise a man may bow the head intending no manner of worship to any object therefore bowing the head of it self cannot immediatly and naturally signifie worship or submission of the Soul as is asserted by the Author Page 111. so the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 properly signifies a bodily action which is translated worship Ans Yet our Saviour himself Transferreth this word to signifie Spiritual worship Joh. 4. 23. which may be performed without any bodily Action SECT 2. FIrst then when we come into the publick Assemblies we believe our selves to come into Christ's presence because he hath promised Matth. 18. 20. Where two or three are gathered together in my Name there am I in the midst of them And therefore in obedience to the Commands of God in Scripture it 's our custom to lift up our hearts to him in prayer and bow our bodies before him Ans Here the ground of the Quarrel that we bow not when we enter the Church yielding some religious sign of Reverence or rather that we do not religiously bow to the Church as shall be made appear the foundation that he layeth for this invention is Matth. 18. 21. Christs promised presence let us therefore consider the Text wherein first we have the promise it self I will be in the midst of them that is to protect favour and assist them without any extraordinary appearing of his Glory which is not here promised thus he may so appear also if he will and when he will and after what manner he will 2. This Promise is made to such as are gathered in his name that is at his command for his service and worship with dependence upon him 3. They must be gathered the promise is not to the place but to the assembly 4. The promise is made to the very fewest that can meet together on the foresaid account Observe That external Adoration is due two ways 1. When we approach God in immediat acts of Worship as Prayer and Praises 2. When it pleaseth God in an extraordinary manner to appear in his Glory the due season then for external signs of inward homage and reverence is when we perform these immediat acts of Worship in our Assemblies or if God shall please to give glorious signs of his extraordinary presence as he did to Moses when the Bush was burning but not consumed or as the Lord appeared after Solomon had made an end of Praying when the fire came down from Heaven and the Glory of the Lord filled the house then all the Children of Israel beholding the fire and glory of the Lord bowed themselves and worshipped whensoever the Lord doth thus appear external adoration is due But it cannot be said that the Lords ordinary presence with his people requireth this bodily reverence for there is a peculiar presence of Christ promised to the Ministers of the Gospel who bear his Commission Lo I am with you to the end of the world yet this doth not oblige them always ad semper to external acts of adoration otherways they should be alwayes in these acts he being always with them So there is a peculiar promise that Christ will make his abode with Believers Joh. 14. 23. And we will make our abode with him this is also a peculiar promise of his presence for it s appropriated unto sound believers who love him and keep his words yet this doth not oblige unto a constant bodily worship Observe also That this promise is made to the Assembly gathered together but not to the place where they assemble How is it then that religious reverence is payed to the House Church or Fabrick before the assembly be gathered for if there were but one in the Church he who cometh in must perform some religious external reverence yea if there be none in the House he who cometh first in must do the like otherwise he is a Transgressour and guilty of profane contempt yea if a man enter that House upon any other occasion when no publick Worship is to be performed yet he must do the like which doth undenyably prove that it s not Christs presence but the house that 's honoured with this religious reverence which will yet further appear if it be considered that if a few persons meet together to ask any thing of God and for his Worship the promised presence of Christ is there no less than in the publick Church yet religious reverence is not testified by any external sign in that privat place as in the other therefore this religious honour is not rendered to Christ as present in the assemblies of his people but to the Altar or Fabrick of the
meekness or not which is rather desirable than discernable in his Book The Author cometh more closs to his Work Page 3 and there placeth two sound Positions first in these words That it belongeth only to God to give Rules how he will be worshipped The 2d That the Holy Scriptures contain the Revelations of God's will concerning his Worship Ans I can desire no more of the Author but that the Superstructure be fitted to these Foundations they are so sure that God willing I shall stand by them to the end of this Discourse But if he who asserteth them be found going off or building Hay or Stuble upon them let him not take it ill if I help his memory as occasion offereth 3ly His Inference from these two viz. That from these two we may reasonably infer that it concerns us to keep as close as we can to those directions which God hath afforded us in his word without adding to omiting or altering any thing he hath there laid down for since God hath vouchafed us a certain direction for his worship in the holy Scriptures It 's to be supposed that all wayes of worship are displeasing to him that are not either expresly contained or warranted by Examples of holy men mentioned therein Ans This also is found provided alwayes that what is said of the examples of holy-men be duely cautioned for all the examples of holy-men mentioned in Scripture are not obligatory Some of them being ●ad even in the matters of God as Peter's dissembling for fear of the Jews here was a hurteful example of an holy man for Barnabas was carried away with this dissimulation Some of them affected Preheminency disputing who should be greatest these are no warrands for us to do the like seeing we are to follow them but as they were followers of Christ again some of their practices were by extraordinary gifts wherein they are above our Imitation Some of them were by special direction hic nunc for avoiding offence as Paul's circumcising Timothy such was his purifying of himself in the Temple according to the Ceremonial law these practices were not patterns for other holymen tho' contemporary with themselves nor do the practices of any men oblidge others without either some antecedent or concomitant evidence that it 's the revealed will of God such practices should be followed otherways men should be Idols to us making them Fathers of our Religion in which respect we are to call no man Father Page 3d. The Author distinguisheth worship into either inward or outward Ans The subject in hand requireth more distinctions of worship as into civil and Religious for many worshiped Christ on earth with civil worship only as a great Prophet and fame in the world intending no Divine Adoration next Ceremonial worship should have also been distinguished from Evangelical for by Levitical worship Sacrifices the observation of feasts divers washings were required which by the coming of Christ are abrogated these being carnal Ordinances and some better things provided for us our Saviour principally requiring such worship as is in Spirit and Truth not excluding external Adoration as it 's required Page 4. We have a Description of inward and outward Worship The inward Worship of God consists in the inward Homage and Subjection of our minds to him the outward consisteth of such acts and duties as serve to express this inward subjection of our Souls or that promote increase or contribute towards it Ans I pass the Description of the inward but the Description of the outward Worship is unsound and of dangerous consequence and had been easily helped if the Author had said it consisteth of such Acts and Duties as God hath appointed for his Worship but according to his Assertion there is an open Gap made for all the Humane Inventions that the fertile imagination of man can devise providing he but think they will serve to promote or contribute to inward Homage thus the Papists have brought in most of all their Idolatry and Superstitions and others may do the like if they but apprehend what they do may promote inward Worship Here my Author goeth off his Foundation that the Scriptures contain the Revelations of God's Will how He will be Worshipped and if I were of the Author's Judgment declared by this Description I would never have put Pen to Paper against the Inventions of Men in the Worship of God for it 's vain to open a wide Door for them and then forbid men to come in Page 4. We must remember that it 's in these outward Acts that we are more immediatly concerned as publick Worshippers Ans I do not take the Authors meaning to be so bad as his words in what is here asserted supposing the sense of his Words to be that men disputing of Worship they are more immediatly concerned in outward Worship than inward for certainly as acting Worship we are most concerned in the inward Adoration of the Soul as Christ hath taught that the Father seeketh such to worship as worship him in Spirit and Truth The last thing in the Introduction is the Distribution of Worship into its parts Praises Prayers Hearing Bodily Worship and Celebration of the Holy Sacrament of the Body and Blood of CHRIST Ans This Enumeration is not sufficient for why the Sacrament of Baptism is omitted no reason is given but the Author intending to Treat on no other Heads but such as he hath named I shall pass it though other substantial parts of Worship are also left out CHAP. I. Of Praises PAge 6. The Author doth forthwith fall upon the offering up of Praises to God by the use of Psalms and for its Authority quoteth 2 Chron. 29. 30. Hezekiah the King and the Princes commanded the Levites to sing praises to the Lord with the words of David and Asaph and they sang with gladness and Ephes 5. 19. and Col. 3. 16. Ans To all this we agree knowing it our duty to praise God by singing the Psalms of David But Page 7. Though the Scriptures recommend to us singing of Psalms yet in some cases they allow us to say them Ans 1. Who doubteth but we may Read or Say Psalms either in publick or privat But 2ly This saying Psalms is not to turn out singing of Psalms which is the ordinance of God I often read of singing but no where in Scripture of saying Psalms what induceth the Author to make so great a trouble to himself and his Reader I understand not only I know Papists have a way of Singing and muttering Psalms and Songs in their Worship But I find our Author resolved to prosecute this Saying instead of Singing for Page 8. 'T is certain the Word of God recommends to us Psalms and Hyms in prose c. and as to the Hebrew Psalms it's evident they are Poetical but the Poetry of them consists rather in the stile and manner of expression than in any certain measures or Verses And afterward we cannot find that