which_o be_v not_o true_a that_o be_v you_o see_v it_o to_o be_v otherwise_o than_o in_o effect_n and_o reality_n it_o be_v and_o consequent_o that_o pretend_a sight_n or_o perception_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o truth_n that_o it_o be_v a_o palpable_a error_n and_o mistake_n and_o therefore_o all_o the_o judgement_n issue_v from_o it_o must_v be_v false_a which_o instead_o of_o constitute_v it_o a_o rule_n of_o truth_n will_v make_v it_o indeed_o a_o rule_n of_o falshood_n 8._o to_o make_v this_o yet_o plain_o please_v to_o reflect_v that_o this_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v such_o a_o act_n of_o your_o understanding_n and_o that_o all_o act_n have_v their_o be_v such_o from_o the_o object_n of_o those_o acts._n for_o the_o faculty_n or_o power_n of_o understanding_n be_v of_o itself_o indifferent_a and_o indetermined_a to_o all_o and_o every_o particular_a act_n and_o since_o nothing_o that_o be_v indetermine_v nor_o any_o act_n in_o common_a can_v be_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o be_v and_o be_v such_o of_o each_o act_n depend_v formal_o on_o the_o object_n and_o be_v such_o in_o particular_a as_o that_o object_n which_o inform_v the_o power_n be_v wherefore_o when_o you_o see_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a that_o which_o you_o see_v thus_o clear_o and_o distinct_o true_a must_v have_v be_v thus_o true_a before_o you_o see_v it_o to_o be_v so_o whence_o we_o ask_v what_o be_v that_o which_o make_v the_o object_n you_o perceiu'd-to-be-true_a to_o be_v true_a or_o what_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o truth_n to_o that_o object_n that_o be_v true_a ere_o you_o see_v it_o to_o be_v such_o must_v not_o the_o object_n be_v such_o ere_o you_o can_v know_v it_o to_o be_v such_o or_o clearly_n and_o distinct_o perceptible_a to_o be_v such_o before_o you_o can_v clearly_n and_o distinct_o perceive_v it_o to_o be_v such_o if_o not_o than_o you_o must_v say_v you_o can_v know_v what_o be_v not_o to_o be_v know_v or_o clearly_n and_o distinct_o perceive_v what_o be_v not_o clear_o and_o distinct_o to_o be_v perceive_v which_o be_v a_o perfect_a contradiction_n 9_o for_o instance_n since_o truth_n be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v find_v but_o in_o such_o speech_n as_o affirm_v or_o deny_v that_o be_v in_o proposition_n let_v we_o put_v some_o proposition_n which_o you_o thus_o clear_o and_o distinct_o perceive_v to_o be_v true_a and_o therefore_o as_o be_v late_o demonstrate_v must_v have_v be_v true_a before_o you_o see_v it_o to_o be_v so_o do_v it_o not_o clear_o follow_v that_o either_o that_o truth_n must_v have_v be_v make_v evident_a by_o another_o and_o that_o again_o by_o another_o and_o so_o in_o infinitum_fw-la by_o which_o mean_n nothing_o at_o all_o can_v ever_o be_v see_v to_o be_v true_a or_o else_o there_o must_v have_v be_v some_o first_o kind_n of_o truth_n who_o noonday_n evidence_n impart_v evidence_n to_o other_o and_o be_v itself_o visible_a or_o if_o you_o please_v clear_o and_o distinct_o perceptible_a to_o all_o mankind_n and_o force_v they_o at_o first_o sight_n to_o assent_v to_o its_o verity_n now_o if_o some_o such_o first_o kind_n of_o truth_n can_v be_v find_v which_o by_o their_o absolute_a self-evidence_n do_v as_o object_n of_o our_o understanding_n power_n necessary_o determine_v the_o understanding_n of_o all_o mankind_n to_o assent_v and_o do_v withal_o influence_n all_o our_o other_o truth_n and_o our_o knowledge_n of_o they_o then_o our_o act_n of_o perception_n be_v clear_o exclude_v from_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o truth_n these_o first_o truth_n have_v all_o the_o requisite_n that_o can_v be_v imagine_v for_o a_o ratio_fw-la cognoscendi_fw-la veritatem_fw-la or_o a_o rule_n of_o truth_n since_o they_o self-evident_o manifest_v to_o we_o their_o own_o truth_n and_o by_o it_o give_v we_o light_n to_o know_v all_o other_o let_v we_o pursue_v then_o the_o quest_n of_o these_o first_o truth_n our_o discourse_n because_o it_o concern_v and_o antecede_v all_o other_o knowledge_n and_o all_o particular_a truth_n must_v necessary_o be_v fetch_v from_o the_o deep_a ground_n and_o therefore_o mun_o needs_o be_v very_o speculative_a but_o i_o know_v i_o speak_v to_o he_o who_o pierce_v wit_n will_v easy_o comprehend_v it_o only_o i_o beseech_v you_o so_o far_o to_o bend_v your_o bias_n which_o you_o must_v needs_o have_v contract_v by_o your_o long_a and_o steady_a meditate_v on_o your_o way_n of_o idea_n till_o you_o reduce_v any_o obliquity_n that_o may_v have_v prepossess_v your_o good_a judgement_n to_o a_o rectitude_n or_o indifferency_n and_o then_o i_o can_v doubt_v but_o i_o may_v do_v you_o some_o service_n even_o perhaps_o against_o your_o will_n for_o evidence_n if_o clear_a and_o well_o penetrate_v do_v ofttimes_o force_v assent_n whether_o the_o will_n repugn_v or_o no._n 10._o the_o idea_n or_o essence_n of_o each_o piece_n of_o the_o world_n fabric_n be_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o divine_a architect_n ere_o they_o be_v make_v again_o since_o he_o do_v not_o make_v they_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o some_o bungle_a journeyman_n who_o may_v perhaps_o deviate_v from_o his_o pattern_n or_o model_n but_o immediate_o by_o his_o own_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o power_n it_o can_v be_v doubt_v but_o that_o each_o part_n of_o the_o creation_n be_v frame_v exact_o according_a to_o the_o archetype_n of_o those_o unchangeable_a idea_n and_o therefore_o be_v perfect_o establish_v in_o its_o respective_a essence_n or_o nature_n as_o those_o original_a idea_n be_v that_o be_v they_o be_v fix_v to_o be_v what_o they_o be_v by_o a_o inerrable_a hand_n in_o which_o consist_v that_o which_o we_o call_v their_o metaphysical_a verity_n wherefore_o since_o all_o truth_n original_o primary_o and_o most_o fundamental_o consist_v in_o this_o metaphysical_a verity_n of_o thing_n it_o be_v the_o immediate_a effect_n of_o the_o divine_a wisdom_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o first_o formal_a truth_n that_o can_v be_v in_o our_o mind_n which_o consequent_o be_v the_o rule_n or_o principle_n to_o all_o other_o must_v be_v those_o which_o speak_v express_v or_o affirm_v this_o metaphysical_a verity_n or_o that_o the_o thing_n be_v what_o they_o be_v which_o kind_n of_o self-evident_a proposition_n can_v therefore_o be_v no_o other_o than_o those_o we_o call_v identical_a this_o be_v most_o evident_a and_o incontestable_a for_o since_o this_o metaphysical_a verity_n which_o next_o to_o the_o divine_a maker_n of_o all_o thing_n from_o who_o it_o immediate_o proceed_v be_v the_o ground_n and_o cause_n of_o all_o truth_n do_v consist_v in_o this_o that_o thing_n be_v fix_v in_o their_o essence_n or_o be_v what_o they_o be_v it_o be_v impossible_a to_o speak_v this_o truth_n or_o make_v it_o a_o formal_a truth_n by_o affirm_v or_o deny_v that_o be_v by_o put_v it_o into_o a_o proposition_n but_o by_o affirm_v that_o they_o be_v what_o they_o be_v which_o be_v most_o evident_o a_o identical_a proposition_n 11._o hitherto_o then_o it_o be_v undiscernible_a how_o it_o can_v with_o any_o show_n of_o reason_n be_v deny_v that_o the_o self-evidence_n that_o so_o visible_o shine_v in_o identical_a proposition_n bid_v fair_a towards_o their_o be_v the_o first_o rule_n of_o know_v all_o truth_n or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o the_o first_o principle_n to_o all_o other_o knowledge_n for_o 1._o there_o can_v be_v any_o so_o great_a clearness_n or_o evidence_n as_o be_v self-evidence_n nor_o so_o close_a connexion_n of_o the_o term_n in_o any_o proposition_n or_o speech_n that_o express_v truth_n as_o be_v perfect_a identity_n or_o self-connexion_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o the_o thing_n or_o mode_n of_o thing_n speak_v of_o be_v what_o it_o be_v or_o be_v its_o self_n 2._o it_o be_v impossible_a any_o thing_n else_o can_v be_v so_o solid_a or_o so_o firm_o establish_v be_v immediate_o build_v on_o the_o unchangeable_a metaphysical_a verity_n itself_o or_o rather_o be_v it_o speak_v and_o express_v which_o verity_n as_o be_v show_v be_v imprint_v in_o the_o essence_n of_o every_o create_a thing_n by_o the_o immediate_a hand_n of_o essential_a truth_n whence_o it_o be_v so_o near_o ally_v to_o that_o infinite_a truth_n itself_o that_o it_o be_v remove_v but_o one_o degree_n from_o it_o 3._o by_o reason_n of_o this_o connatural_a and_o immediate_a descent_n from_o that_o bright_a and_o most_o glorious_a luminary_n of_o all_o knowledge_n the_o father_n of_o light_n who_o be_v candor_n aeternae_fw-la lucis_fw-la and_o infinite_o intelligible_a it_o force_v the_o assent_n of_o all_o mankind_n to_o its_o verity_n insomuch_o that_o no_o disease_n can_v so_o pervert_v a_o rational_a be_v which_o have_v the_o least_o use_v of_o reason_n as_o to_o deny_v it_o or_o doubt_v of_o it_o nor_o suspend_v their_o judgement_n concern_v it_o nor_o can_v the_o high_a passion_n of_o the_o most_o profligate_v wretch_n
disagreement_n without_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v know_v to_o be_v in_o proper_a speech_n true_a or_o false_a in_o which_o position_n mr._n lock_v perfect_o agree_v with_o i_o now_o set_v aside_o extrinsical_a denomination_n which_o be_v not_o at_o all_o find_v in_o the_o thing_n but_o mere_o tack_v to_o it_o by_o our_o consideration_n this_o compare_v be_v either_o of_o the_o mode_n to_o the_o thing_n and_o see_v in_o general_a how_o it_o affect_v it_o as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o two_o last_v predicable_n of_o porphyrius_n which_o because_o modes_n be_v not_o distinct_a thing_n and_o yet_o differ_v vast_o from_o the_o formal_a notion_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o of_o which_o they_o be_v modes_n can_v only_o be_v connect_v with_o it_o material_o or_o as_o belong_v to_o the_o thing_n as_o their_o subject_n or_o else_o the_o mind_n compare_v the_o thing_n to_o what_o be_v formal_a or_o essential_a to_o it_o and_o this_o either_o in_o the_o whole_a as_o be_v find_v in_o our_o identical_a proposition_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o be_o force_v to_o make_v a_o six_o predicable_a in_o which_o the_o whole_a be_v predicate_v entire_o and_o formal_o of_o the_o whole_a or_o else_o in_o part_n when_o some_o part_n of_o the_o essence_n or_o nature_n of_o the_o whole_a thing_n be_v predicate_v or_o compare_v to_o it_o diverse_o as_o be_v see_v in_o porphyrius_n three_o first_a predicable_n call_v genus_fw-la species_n and_o difference_n which_o do_v all_o of_o they_o in_o part_n belong_v to_o the_o essence_n these_o note_n borrow_a from_o logic_n and_o premise_v it_o be_v here_o far_o to_o be_v note_a that_o all_o those_o comparison_n or_o relation_n the_o soul_n make_v in_o whatever_o proposition_n be_v do_v by_o that_o relation_n call_v identity_n as_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o copula_fw-la est._n wherefore_o to_o review_v what_o we_o say_v late_o the_o predicate_v belong_v to_o the_o two_o last_v predicable_n of_o porphyrius_n be_v refer_v only_o according_a to_o material_a identity_n or_o only_o as_o find_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o not_o as_o essential_a to_o it_o the_o three_o former_a be_v relate_v or_o compare_v as_o identify_v formal_o to_o the_o thing_n yet_o still_o so_o as_o but_o several_a part_n of_o its_o essence_n the_o 6_o be_v when_o the_o whole_a thing_n be_v compare_v relate_v to_o or_o identify_v with_o the_o whole_a thing_n and_o this_o entire_o or_o according_a to_o all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n and_o this_o way_n of_o compare_v or_o relate_v the_o whole_a thing_n to_o its_o self_n be_v that_o relation_n of_o identity_n which_o be_v the_o most_o essential_a most_o formal_a and_o most_o express_o such_o of_o all_o other_o and_o be_v only_o find_v in_o those_o proposition_n we_o call_v first_o principles_n which_o proposition_n be_v for_o the_o reason_n give_v most_o full_o and_o proper_o such_o we_o do_v therefore_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d call_v identical_a 22._o whence_o may_v be_v see_v that_o the_o virtue_n of_o identical_a proposition_n thread_n or_o run_v through_o all_o those_o proposition_n that_o be_v essential_a and_o collateral_o those_o also_o who_o predicate_v be_v immediate_o and_o necessary_o connect_v with_o the_o essence_n for_o since_o the_o part_n be_v find_v in_o the_o whole_a and_o all_o identification_n in_o part_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o identification_n of_o the_o whole_a thing_n with_o its_o self_n it_o follow_v that_o proposition_n or_o truth_n in_o which_o the_o predicate_a be_v but_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v in_o reality_n but_o part_n of_o our_o identical_o nor_o be_v this_o all_o but_o the_o force_n of_o every_o consequence_n too_o be_v ground_v on_o they_o in_o which_o consist_v all_o our_o rationality_n as_o be_v show_v above_o whence_o mr._n lock_v in_o his_o essay_n b._n 4._o ch._n 2._o §_o 7._o show_n very_o judicious_o that_o every_o step_v we_o take_v in_o true_a demonstration_n be_v make_v by_o intuitive_a or_o self-evident_a knowledge_n 23._o whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o even_o your_o rule_n will_v force_v you_o though_o contrary_a to_o your_o intention_n to_o come_v over_o to_o we_o and_o will_v oblige_v you_o to_o guide_v yourselves_o by_o connexion_n of_o term_n which_o be_v our_o way_n however_o you_o strive_v to_o avoid_v it_o you_o say_v that_o when_o you_o clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v a_o proposition_n to_o be_v true_a it_o must_v be_v so_o and_o we_o say_v you_o can_v never_o see_v a_o proposition_n to_o be_v true_a but_o when_o you_o see_v its_o two_o extreme_n or_o the_o subject_a and_o predicate_v connect_v you_o will_v allege_v you_o see_v it_o in_o your_o idea_n but_o as_o be_v show_v above_o there_o be_v three_o part_n in_o a_o proposition_n which_o have_v each_o of_o they_o a_o distinct_a idea_n in_o regard_n the_o selfsame_a idea_n which_o be_v of_o the_o subject_a can_v be_v the_o idea_n of_o the_o predicate_a for_o this_o will_v throw_v you_o upon_o identical_a proposition_n which_o be_v our_o rule_n and_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o copula_fw-la be_v most_o evident_o quite_o different_a from_o the_o other_o two_o be_v precise_o that_o which_o affirm_v or_o deny_v which_o neither_o of_o the_o other_o do_v this_o be_v so_o i_o beseech_v you_o to_o reflect_v that_o truth_n which_o be_v the_o thing_n in_o question_n can_v consist_v in_o these_o idea_n single_o consider_v for_o take_v thus_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o simple_z apprehension_n which_o can_v neither_o be_v true_a nor_o false_a it_o remain_v then_o that_o you_o must_v confess_v truth_n can_v be_v only_o in_o those_o idea_n put_v together_o or_o connect_v nor_o can_v they_o be_v connect_v but_o by_o that_o which_o only_o be_v apt_a to_o connect_v or_o identify_v they_o viz._n by_o the_o copula_fw-la est_fw-fr for_o these_o three_o part_n can_v be_v frame_v into_o one_o speech_n by_o any_o other_o manner_n but_o by_o put_v the_o word_n est_fw-la between_o they_o wherefore_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o you_o can_v pretend_v to_o see_v clear_o and_o distinct_o that_o any_o proposition_n be_v true_a which_o be_v your_o rule_n to_o know_v truth_n but_o by_o see_v its_o say_a term_n connect_v or_o identify_v i_o see_v not_o how_o you_o can_v even_o in_o your_o way_n of_o idea_n deny_v this_o clear_a discourse_n and_o if_o you_o grant_v it_o we_o be_v thus_o far_o friend_n only_o we_o add_v that_o to_o make_v such_o connexion_n the_o rule_n to_o all_o other_o you_o must_v allow_v they_o to_o be_v self-connexions_n or_o identical_a which_o be_v our_o position_n so_o that_o which_o way_n soever_o you_o wriggle_v to_o avoid_v our_o rule_n the_o light_n of_o common_a reason_n or_o natural_a logic_n will_v force_v you_o into_o it_o whether_o you_o will_v or_o no._n 24._o as_o for_o the_o dryness_n of_o identical_a proposition_n which_o go_v not_o down_o with_o some_o man_n of_o fancy_n i_o have_v this_o to_o add_v that_o that_o which_o be_v object_v to_o they_o as_o scandalous_a and_o opprobrious_a be_v in_o reality_n a_o great_a commendation_n to_o they_o for_o this_o conceit_n of_o their_o dryness_n spring_v from_o their_o seem_n too_o obvious_a whereas_o be_v not_o the_o very_a first_o principle_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o know_v all_o truth_n thus_o most_o plain_a easie_n and_o obvious_a but_o need_v the_o least_o reflection_n or_o consideration_n they_o will_v be_v utter_o unfit_a to_o be_v what_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v first_o principle_n and_o self-evident_a nothing_o please_v the_o palate_n of_o such_o gentleman_n which_o be_v not_o new_a or_o such_o as_o they_o know_v not_o before_o not_o reflect_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n that_o nothing_o be_v new_a but_o conclusion_n late_o deduce_v and_o that_o all_o first_o principle_n must_v be_v as_o old_a as_o nature_n or_o mankind_n itself_o nor_o can_v they_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o truth_n which_o must_v oblige_v all_o mankind_n to_o see_v their_o evidence_n and_o assent_v to_o their_o verity_n be_v they_o otherwise_o 25._o how_o pretty_a a_o delusive_a faculty_n be_v this_o fancy_n of_o we_o and_o how_o apt_a if_o we_o be_v not_o aware_a to_o decoy_n we_o every_o step_n into_o error_n by_o customary_a appearance_n which_o by_o strike_v often_o upon_o it_o will_v fool_v our_o reason_n our_o own_o thought_n and_o those_o of_o other_o do_v in_o all_o our_o conversation_n use_v to_o come_v to_o we_o clad_v in_o word_n whence_o it_o happen_v that_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a liquid_o and_o clear_o to_o strip_v the_o sense_n from_o those_o word_n and_o to_o consider_v it_o and_o nothing_o but_o it._n if_o a_o man_n say_v every_o thing_n be_v distinct_a from_o all_o other_o thing_n none_o be_v apt_a to_o smile_v at_o he_o or_o impute_v it_o as_o ridiculous_a or_o foolish_a but_o if_o he_o say_v a_fw-la thing_n be_v its_o self_n witty_a
can_v say_v you_o do_v this_o by_o the_o evidence_n of_o any_o proposition_n you_o advance_v but_o by_o your_o ready_a exception_n against_o any_o thing_n that_o art_n or_o nature_n can_v oppose_v at_o least_o take_v they_o as_o manage_v by_o one_o no_o better_a skill_a than_o i_o be_o your_o cause_n seem_v to_o i_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v secure_v in_o some_o castle_n make_v impregnable_a not_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o ordinary_a method_n of_o fortification_n use_v in_o lawful_a war_n but_o which_o be_v against_o the_o old_a law_n of_o arm_n by_o a_o kind_n of_o enchantment_n your_o bulwark_n entrenchment_n and_o redoubt_n lay_v so_o cunning_o hide_v in_o your_o way_n of_o idea_n that_o they_o be_v altogether_o invisible_a so_o that_o the_o most_o quick-sighted_a engineer_n live_v can_v not_o discern_v they_o or_o take_v any_o sure_a aim_n at_o they_o much_o less_o such_o a_o dull_a eye_n as_o i_o who_o though_o i_o bend_v my_o sight_n as_o strong_o and_o steady_o as_o i_o be_o 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author_n of_o it_o to_o speak_v manifest_a contradiction_n now_o i_o do_v no_o more_o but_o this_o while_o i_o make_v self-evident_a or_o identical_a proposition_n to_o be_v the_o first_o rule_n or_o first_o principle_n of_o all_o other_o knowledge_n all_o i_o do_v be_v to_o keep_v a_o heedful_a eye_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o its_o metaphysical_a verity_n only_o because_o it_o be_v manifest_a to_o every_o reflecter_n that_o all_o our_o discourse_n be_v make_v up_o of_o proposition_n nor_o can_v a_o rule_n or_o principle_n be_v express_v but_o by_o such_o form_n of_o speech_n nor_o be_v the_o comparative_a or_o as_o i_o may_v say_v the_o compositive_a nature_n of_o our_o soul_n satisfy_v till_o it_o have_v bring_v the_o object_n it_o will_v discourse_v about_o into_o some_o formal_a truth_n her_o only_a perfection_n in_o this_o state_n which_o be_v express_v by_o a_o proposition_n hence_o we_o become_v force_v to_o put_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o its_o 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that_o general_o we_o be_v not_o so_o sensible_a of_o good_n as_o of_o harm_n because_o the_o former_a through_o the_o generous_a bounty_n of_o god_n good_a providence_n be_v of_o so_o many_o kind_n surround_v we_o on_o all_o side_n that_o they_o be_v common_a and_o quotidian_n whereas_o the_o late_a be_v seldom_o and_o as_o it_o be_v casual_a whence_o these_o be_v remarkable_a and_o apt_a to_o strike_v our_o apprehension_n smart_o and_o fâ—rce_v we_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o which_o those_o be_v ordinary_a and_o customary_a do_v not_o to_o breed_v then_o a_o due_a reflection_n what_o good_a those_o first_o truth_n now_o speak_v of_o lay_v up_o in_o our_o mind_n do_v we_o we_o will_v consider_v what_o universal_a mischief_n their_o proper_a opposite_n contradiction_n will_v do_v to_o all_o our_o knowledge_n and_o what_o a_o malignant_a influence_n they_o will_v have_v not_o only_o to_o pervert_v all_o our_o actual_a knowledge_n but_o to_o destroy_v our_o very_a power_n of_o 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their_o opposite_n have_v to_o induce_v error_n 16._o but_o nothing_o can_v more_o victorious_o confute_v or_o more_o unanswerable_o convince_v a_o adversary_n than_o to_o show_v that_o he_o must_v be_v force_v for_o his_o own_o interest_n to_o admit_v the_o truth_n of_o that_o tenet_n which_o he_o oppose_v ask_v then_o a_o cartesian_a how_o he_o know_v any_o particular_a truth_n or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o how_o he_o know_v that_o such_o predicate_v or_o attribute_n do_v belong_v to_o such_o a_o subject_a he_o will_v answer_v because_o he_o find_v those_o predicate_v in_o the_o idea_n he_o have_v of_o such_o a_o thing_n or_o such_o a_o nature_n very_o good_a reply_v the_o other_o but_o how_o shall_v we_o know_v that_o the_o idea_n you_o have_v of_o that_o thing_n be_v not_o chimerical_a and_o involve_v in_o it_o many_o other_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o that_o which_o if_o it_o do_v your_o discourse_n apply_v it_o to_o that_o thing_n only_o must_v needs_o be_v incoherent_a and_o false_a your_o only_a answer_n in_o this_o case_n can_v be_v this_o that_o each_o idea_n you_o have_v be_v distinct_a from_o all_o other_o idea_n and_o have_v its_o metaphysical_a verity_n and_o unity_n peculiar_a to_o itself_o or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o be_v its_o self_n only_o which_o be_v a_o identical_a proposition_n and_o speak_v or_o express_v the_o metaphysical_a verity_n of_o each_o idea_n you_o have_v now_o say_v i_o hence_o appear_v evident_o that_o this_o truth_n viz._n every_o idea_n be_v itself_o only_o or_o no_o other_o which_o be_v a_o identical_a proposition_n be_v the_o very_a first_o truth_n you_o can_v have_v and_o that_o on_o it_o depend_v fundamental_o your_o whole_a doctrine_n by_o way_n of_o idea_n for_o if_o this_o be_v false_a it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o your_o idea_n can_v give_v you_o no_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o any_o thing_n or_o mode_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v they_o can_v enable_v you_o to_o know_v nothing_o at_o all_o 17._o you_o will_v say_v perhaps_o it_o be_v not_o needful_a to_o put_v lay_v or_o propose_v so_o express_o those_o identical_o they_o be_v so_o very_o clear_a of_o themselves_o to_o all_o mankind_n i_o reply_v 1._o that_o this_o come_v over_o to_o i_o as_o to_o what_o relate_v to_o their_o clearness_n and_o self-evidence_n and_o abet_n my_o position_n 2._o that_o certain_o that_o be_v most_o needful_a on_o which_o as_o be_v now_o show_v all_o depend_v you_o must_v then_o have_v those_o identical_o in_o your_o mind_n at_o least_o understand_v and_o presupposed_a though_o you_o express_v they_o not_o 3._o you_o must_v be_v force_v to_o express_v they_o if_o you_o come_v to_o discourse_v rigorous_o and_o reduce_v your_o thesis_n to_o the_o first_o and_o self-evident_a truth_n without_o do_v which_o especial_o if_o you_o hap_v to_o encounter_v with_o a_o sceptic_a nothing_o can_v be_v final_o decide_v or_o conclude_v 4._o the_o point_n be_v that_o it_o be_v most_o needful_a to_o express_v they_o nay_o 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men_n can_v scarce_o contain_v their_o jest_n at_o such_o a_o idle_a proposition_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v most_o evident_o the_o selfsame_a in_o sense_n for_o that_o which_o be_v distinct_a from_o all_o other_o must_v either_o be_v its_o self_n or_o nothing_o and_o the_o take_v away_o all_o distinction_n do_v almost_o in_o term_n at_o least_o most_o formal_o and_o necessary_o put_v identity_n let_v we_o take_v another_o instance_n if_o one_o say_v a_fw-la whole_a be_v more_o than_o a_o part_n it_o appear_v to_o such_o man_n wondrous_a wise_a and_o none_o blame_v he_o in_o the_o least_o that_o say_v it_o or_o lay_v it_o for_o a_o principle_n but_o if_o he_o say_v and_o put_v for_o a_o principle_n what_o be_v more_o than_o a_o part_n be_v more_o than_o a_o part_n it_o be_v good_a luck_n if_o they_o do_v not_o think_v he_o deserve_v midas_n ear_n yet_o both_o of_o these_o proposition_n be_v the_o selfsame_a and_o both_o of_o they_o equal_o and_o most_o perfect_o identical_a in_o sense_n 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on_o which_o as_o have_v be_v shâ—wn_v our_o rule_n be_v build_v which_o give_v we_o a_o infinite_a advantage_n above_o you_o as_o to_o the_o stability_n of_o its_o ground_n we_o have_n for_o its_o solid_a foundation_n the_o idea_n in_o the_o divine_a understanding_n whence_o be_v unquestionable_o derive_v and_o by_o which_o be_v establish_v the_o essence_n of_o thing_n on_o which_o we_o be_v immediate_o ground_v whereas_o your_o idea_n be_v hold_v by_o yourselves_o to_o be_v the_o creature_n or_o production_n of_o your_o own_o mind_n which_o be_v it_o grant_v it_o can_v produce_v any_o such_o idea_n be_v a_o defective_a agent_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n and_o therefore_o its_o production_n so_o uncertain_a that_o it_o seem_v a_o most_o strange_a piece_n of_o doctrine_n to_o build_v all_o the_o certain_a truth_n and_o knowledge_n mankind_n can_v possible_o have_v on_o such_o a_o unsteady_a foundation_n how_o many_o thousand_o even_o of_o a_o fair_a pitch_n of_o understanding_n have_v 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to_o support_v every_o overween_a rashness_n of_o we_o doubtless_o his_o goodness_n be_v never_o want_v to_o such_o a_o considerable_a species_n as_o be_v mankind_n in_o n_o 〈…〉_z to_o their_o knowledge_n for_o which_o thâ—â—â—_n nature_n be_v make_v but_o if_o there_o 〈◊〉_d another_o way_n more_o solid_o groundâ—â—_n and_o evident_a than_o you_o nay_o agaâ—â—â—â—_n which_o as_o have_v be_v prove_v therâ—_n can_v lie_v no_o exception_n and_o man_n will_v not_o take_v it_o his_o providence_n be_v acquit_v and_o it_o be_v just_a to_o let_v they_o delude_v themselves_o at_o least_o it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o this_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v a_o rule_n of_o truth_n to_o we_o though_o not_o to_o truth_n consider_v in_o itself_o but_o if_o what_o we_o assent_n to_o upon_o that_o imaginary_a ground_n may_v still_o be_v false_a for_o any_o thing_n that_o ground_n can_v assure_v we_o how_o can_v it_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o truth_n to_o any_o to_o return_v to_o our_o idea_n 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they_o to_o be_v similitude_n which_o mr._n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr deny_v and_o be_v so_o at_o variance_n with_o himself_o that_o he_o put_v they_o to_o be_v many_o several_a sort_n of_o thing_n and_o those_o inconsistent_a with_o one_o another_o and_o so_o make_v they_o to_o be_v chimaera_n this_o inconsonancy_n of_o those_o writer_n with_o one_o another_o and_o with_o their_o own_o self_n make_v it_o very_o dubious_a that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o these_o idea_n at_o all_o at_o least_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o they_o who_o ground_n all_o their_o doctrine_n upon_o they_o do_v not_o know_v what_o they_o be_v and_o therefore_o they_o build_v all_o their_o hypothesis_n on_o they_o know_v not_o what_o and_o if_o this_o be_v so_o than_o the_o immediate_a object_n of_o their_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v perhaps_o a_o nonentity_n or_o at_o least_o such_o a_o entity_n as_o no_o man_n live_v nor_o themselves_o neither_o know_v what_o to_o make_v of_o it_o 28._o 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29._o thus_o much_o for_o the_o immediate_a object_n of_o your_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n as_o for_o the_o act_n it_o self_n i_o beseech_v you_o sir_n consider_v on_o what_o a_o sandy_a foundation_n you_o will_v build_v all_o truth_n what_o signify_v you_o or_o i_o or_o any_o man_n judgement_n that_o he_o clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v a_o truth_n or_o that_o he_o must_v assent_v or_o may_v not_o assent_v to_o it_o what_o signify_v these_o i_o say_v to_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o thing_n must_v truth_n be_v build_v on_o man_n judgement_n or_o their_o manner_n of_o conceive_v what_o be_v true_a be_v infallible_o such_o and_o this_o by_o virtue_n of_o its_o ground_n be_v our_o judgement_n or_o manner_n of_o conceive_v such_o a_o certain_a ground_n or_o infallible_a how_o many_o instance_n be_v the_o world_n full_a of_o to_o prove_v those_o perception_n of_o we_o though_o judge_v by_o we_o most_o evident_a to_o be_v fallacious_a a_o passionate_a man_n high_o injure_v and_o 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it_o nor_o be_o i_o to_o doubt_v but_o they_o think_v they_o clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v that_o when_o i_o say_v annihilation_n be_v impossible_a i_o do_v by_o that_o doctrine_n set_v upon_o god_n himself_o and_o yet_o though_o the_o learned_a albius_n maintain_v the_o same_o in_o his_o metaphysic_n 50_o year_n before_o no_o friend_n ever_o admonish_v he_o that_o by_o say_v so_o he_o have_v fall_v into_o a_o wicked_a error_n nor_o any_o of_o his_o opposer_n who_o be_v very_o learned_a man_n though_o they_o gather_v many_o proposition_n out_o of_o his_o book_n which_o seem_v to_o sound_v ill_a do_v ever_o object_v this_o whereas_o have_v they_o judge_v it_o impious_a they_o will_v not_o have_v spare_v he_o but_o have_v lay_v load_n upon_o he_o for_o it_o but_o it_o seem_v they_o all_o want_v this_o gift_n of_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o cartesian_o to_o come_v to_o other_o instance_n how_o frequent_o be_v people_n mistake_v in_o think_v 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their_o own_o without_o which_o their_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v invisible_a and_o so_o can_v satisfy_v no_o man_n nor_o clear_v themselves_o from_o be_v self-conceited_a but_o to_o argue_v like_o fanatic_n who_o pretend_v they_o discern_v thing_n by_o a_o inward_a light_n which_o none_o can_v see_v but_o themselves_o nor_o they_o themselves_o make_v it_o visible_a to_o other_o of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o 30._o i_o beg_v of_o you_o once_o more_o the_o point_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n that_o this_o question_n concern_v your_o rule_n may_v be_v right_o state_v and_o understand_v none_o doubt_v but_o that_o if_o we_o clear_o know_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a it_o be_v true_a otherwise_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o we_o may_v know_v what_o be_v not_o or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o may_v know_v that_o which_o be_v
and_o sound_v to_o the_o bottom_n nothing_o will_v be_v find_v to_o support_v its_o truth_n but_o it_o will_v appear_v plain_a bald_a nonsense_n en_fw-fr cverpo_fw-es on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o light_v so_o that_o discourse_n that_o be_v solid_a and_o build_v all_o along_o on_o evident_a principle_n only_a which_o can_v clear_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o point_n do_v want_v the_o other_o sort_n of_o clearness_n which_o consist_v in_o explicate_v to_o recommend_v they_o to_o the_o like_n of_o the_o reader_n and_o this_o happen_v for_o two_o reason_n one_o because_o principle_n do_v consist_v of_o few_o word_n or_o notion_n and_o those_o too_o such_o as_o be_v general_n or_o universal_a one_o which_o do_v not_o admit_v such_o vary_v the_o phrase_n or_o smooth_a explication_n to_o make_v they_o more_o knowable_a their_o clearness_n consist_v only_o in_o the_o great_a simplicity_n of_o those_o general_a term_n and_o their_o close_a connexion_n the_o second_o reason_n be_v that_o those_o 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with_o a_o attentive_a and_o indifferent_a eye_n will_v easy_o observe_v that_o i_o first_o put_v my_o thesis_n and_o then_o endeavour_v to_o establish_v it_o by_o rigorous_a proof_n draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o subject_n treat_v of_o in_o those_o respective_a place_n and_o that_o the_o cartesian_o do_v not_o use_v to_o take_v any_o such_o method_n but_o place_v their_o hope_n of_o recommend_v their_o tenet_n to_o the_o reader_n be_v approbation_n in_o their_o explication_n which_o make_v it_o so_o difficult_a for_o a_o logician_n to_o find_v where_o their_o argument_n lie_v hide_v or_o where_o they_o press_v of_o which_o with_o just_a reason_n i_o so_o often_o complain_v 36._o thus_o much_o concern_v your_o method_n of_o prove_v by_o explicate_v or_o rather_o of_o substitute_v explication_n in_o the_o place_n of_o proof_n as_o for_o the_o other_o part_n of_o your_o method_n which_o be_v your_o put_a learner_n to_o meditate_v long_o and_o serious_o upon_o what_o you_o have_v propose_v to_o they_o i_o like_v that_o as_o ill_a as_o i_o do_v that_o of_o explicate_v and_o my_o reason_n be_v because_o unless_o man_n take_v principle_n along_o with_o they_o to_o guide_v their_o thought_n right_a and_o keep_v a_o attentive_a eye_n to_o they_o while_o they_o thus_o meditate_v it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v their_o long_a meditate_v will_n by_o its_o frequent_a dint_n so_o imprint_v and_o fix_v what_o you_o have_v tell_v they_o in_o their_o brain_n and_o at_o length_n make_v it_o sink_v so_o deep_a into_o their_o mind_n that_o whether_o it_o be_v right_o or_o wrong_n it_o will_v stick_v there_o as_o daily_a experience_n show_v we_o custom_n a_o second_o nature_n have_v a_o very_a powerful_a ascendent_n over_o the_o understanding_n to_o imbue_v we_o with_o false_a impression_n by_o the_o oftreiterated_n think_v upon_o any_o point_n that_o be_v disputable_a especial_o ingenious_a explication_n as_o be_v show_v late_o too_o often_o serve_v for_o reason_n to_o those_o who_o be_v not_o well_o verse_v in_o true_a logic_n 37._o but_o the_o main_a objection_n i_o make_v be_v that_o this_o method_n of_o you_o quite_o overthrow_v the_o rule_n of_o truth_n which_o you_o intend_v to_o establish_v by_o it_o for_o this_o rule_n be_v that_o upon_o which_o all_o all_o our_o knowledge_n of_o truth_n depend_v must_v be_v so_o very_o clear_a of_o itself_o above_o any_o thing_n we_o can_v add_v to_o its_o high_a evidence_n that_o it_o can_v possible_o need_v any_o explication_n nor_o meditation_n neither_o nor_o consequent_o can_v any_o strong_a argument_n be_v bring_v to_o demonstrate_v that_o this_o rule_n of_o you_o be_v not_o the_o right_a one_o than_o it_o be_v to_o confess_v or_o pretend_v that_o it_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o or_o even_o can_v admit_v assistance_n or_o light_n either_o from_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o for_o if_o it_o can_v need_v any_o explication_n it_o follow_v that_o it_o must_v be_v something_o obscure_a and_o if_o it_o can_v need_v pore_a and_o meditate_v upon_o it_o ere_o it_o be_v admit_v or_o can_v be_v know_v then_o it_o be_v far_o from_o be_v most_o self-evident_a both_o which_o utter_o destroy_v the_o nature_n of_o such_o a_o rule_n for_o since_o we_o must_v know_v all_o other_o truth_n by_o it_o its_o evidence_n must_v be_v the_o first_o thing_n to_o be_v know_v and_o therefore_o the_o knowledge_n of_o its_o truth_n must_v antecede_v the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o other_o truth_n whatsoever_o and_o be_v clear_a than_o they._n which_o be_v so_o manifest_a i_o wonder_v what_o thought_n or_o consideration_n our_o explicate_a or_o meditate_v can_v suggest_v that_o can_v do_v this_o first_o rule_n of_o truth_n any_o service_n or_o give_v it_o any_o advantage_n since_o all_o other_o being_n more_o obscure_a than_o it_o they_o may_v indeed_o can_v they_o affect_v it_o impart_v to_o it_o their_o own_o great_a obscurity_n and_o make_v it_o less_o clear_a and_o intelligible_a than_o it_o be_v but_o can_v 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this_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v not_o pretend_v to_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o truth_n in_o itself_o so_o that_o it_o establish_v truth_n fundamental_o but_o of_o truth_n to_o we_o or_o as_o the_o school_n phrase_v it_o quoad_fw-la nos_fw-la that_o be_v a_o rule_n whereby_o we_o may_v know_v what_o be_v truth_n what_o not_o and_o it_o seem_v that_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v to_o be_v such_o a_o rule_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o we_o must_v assent_v or_o hold_v a_o thing_n true_a when_o we_o see_v clear_o and_o distinct_o it_o be_v so_o nor_o ought_v we_o to_o assent_v or_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v true_a unless_o we_o do_v clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v it_o to_o be_v so_o i_o answer_v that_o this_o pretence_n be_v already_o forestalled_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o my_o former_a discourse_n where_o it_o be_v show_v by_o many_o instance_n that_o even_o in_o the_o opinion_n learned_a man_n hold_v this_o guide_v our_o thought_n and_o judgement_n by_o what_o appear_v to_o we_o a_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v uncertain_a and_o fallacious_a whence_o in_o the_o thesis_n constitute_v this_o to_o be_v your_o rule_n there_o be_v tacit_o involve_v a_o false_a supposition_n uâ—z_o that_o that_o perception_n on_o which_o we_o sole_o rely_v be_v unmistakable_a by_o we_o for_o if_o we_o may_v mistake_v it_o to_o be_v real_o a_o perception_n thus_o qualify_v when_o it_o be_v not_o than_o our_o assent_n may_v be_v erroneous_a and_o how_o can_v a_o erroneous_a judgement_n in_o any_o sense_n be_v true_a to_o we_o or_o make_v we_o know_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a if_o i_o be_o to_o draw_v a_o straight_a line_n and_o the_o rule_n by_o which_o i_o guide_v myself_o be_v sometime_o straight_o and_o sometime_o crooked_a how_o be_v it_o a_o rule_n to_o i_o in_o that_o action_n or_o draught_n 2._o in_o
constitute_v this_o perception_n to_o be_v your_o rule_n you_o begin_v at_o the_o wrong_a end_n for_o see_v this_o perception_n be_v a_o act_n and_o that_o the_o object_n specify_v every_o act_n and_o make_v it_o such_o as_o it_o be_v the_o object_n or_o thing_n must_v be_v true_a in_o itself_o and_o by_o be_v in_o itself_o true_a it_o thence_o make_v our_o judgement_n when_o we_o right_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v true_a also_o this_o distinction_n then_o in_o our_o present_a case_n be_v altogether_o frivolous_a and_o the_o allege_v it_o preposterous_a 3._o to_o perceive_v be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o same_o as_o to_o know_v and_o to_o perceive_v clearly_n and_o distinct_o be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o know_v perfect_o whence_o follow_v that_o to_o say_v i_o know_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o i_o clear_o and_o distinct_o perceive_v to_o be_v so_o be_v the_o very_a selfsame_a sense_n as_o to_o say_v what_o i_o know_v to_o be_v true_a i_o know_v to_o be_v 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proposition_n be_v true_a and_o then_o his_o principle_n must_v run_v thus_o whatever_o proposition_n i_o clear_o and_o distinct_o perceive_v to_o be_v true_a be_v know_v by_o i_o to_o be_v true_a wherefore_o since_o to_o perceive_v thus_o be_v to_o know_v and_o that_o as_o appear_v by_o cartesius_n word_n there_o cite_v he_o speak_v of_o what_o be_v verum_fw-la mihi_fw-la as_o the_o effect_n of_o his_o principle_n that_o be_v of_o what_o i_o know_v to_o be_v true_a join_v these_o two_o together_o and_o this_o principle_n or_o rule_n do_v manifest_o amount_v to_o this_o that_o which_o i_o know_v to_o be_v true_a i_o know_v to_o be_v true_a which_o be_v a_o most_o prodigious_a rule_n of_o knowledge_n and_o yet_o this_o be_v most_o evident_o the_o sense_n of_o it_o in_o case_n to_o perceive_v mean_n to_o know_v and_o verum_fw-la mihi_fw-la mean_n that_o which_o i_o know_v to_o be_v true_a which_o i_o think_v be_v undeniable_a by_o any_o man_n of_o common_a sense_n and_o i_o wonder_v 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cobweb_n shall_v hang_v in_o the_o window_n of_o their_o intellect_n and_o dusty_a ignorance_n dim_a and_o blear_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o noble_a inhabitant_n but_o where_o be_v this_o philosophy_n all_o this_o while_n or_o be_v there_o indeed_o any_o such_o thing_n in_o nature_n whatever_o glorious_a attribute_n some_o have_v give_v it_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o this_o that_o it_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o truth_n if_o so_o then_o as_o truth_n can_v be_v but_o one_o so_o it_o shall_v follow_v that_o â—either_o can_v there_o be_v more_o than_o one_o philosophy_n which_o be_v the_o true_a one_o and_o that_o all_o other_o be_v but_o 〈◊〉_d pretend_a and_o consequent_o in_o reality_n fabulous_a and_o erroneous_a where_o then_o shall_v we_o certain_o find_v this_o one_o or_o only-true_a philosophy_n multitude_n of_o sect_n do_v of_o old_a set_v up_o to_o drive_v the_o trade_n and_o profession_n of_o philosophize_v but_o they_o all_o break_v and_o shut_v up_o shop_n have_v but_o a_o very_a few_o chance-customer_n except_o that_o great_a man_n who_o st._n hierome_n call_v ingenii_n humani_fw-la finis_fw-la aristotle_n he_o i_o say_v alone_z have_v get_v quiet_a possession_n of_o the_o school_n for_o a_o long_a time_n and_o haâ—_n now_o strengthen_v his_o title_n by_o a_o immemorial_n prescription_n nor_o do_v any_o pretender_n of_o note_n put_v in_o his_o claim_n against_o he_o till_z in_o our_o day_n the_o admirably-ingenious_a cartesius_n declare_v himself_o his_o competitor_n till_o then_o aristotle_n be_v draw_v into_o different_a sense_n by_o his_o many-minded_n commentator_n among_o the_o modern_a schoolman_n those_o man_n who_o be_v of_o sharp_a wit_n and_o hate_a jurare_fw-la in_o verba_fw-la were_z in_o danger_n to_o turn_v sceptic_n and_o begin_v to_o think_v that_o truth_n be_v either_o fly_v to_o heaven_n in_o astraea_n coach_n or_o as_o some_o ancient_n think_v be_v in_o puteo_fw-la defossa_fw-la or_o else_o if_o she_o be_v aboveground_o that_o she_o be_v sequester_v in_o some_o terrestrial_a paradise_n so_o that_o none_o can_v get_v knowledge_n of_o her_o habitation_n or_o come_v at_o she_o in_o this_o juncture_n to_o rescue_v the_o flower_n of_o mankind_n from_o fall_v into_o perfect_a scepticism_n and_o to_o encourage_v they_o still_o to_o hope_v for_o truth_n in_o philosophy_n there_o arise_v very_o opportune_o those_o great_a man_n thomas_n albius_n sir_n kenelm_n digby_n and_o cartesius_n who_o be_v all_o of_o they_o in_o a_o manner_n contemporary_a all_o of_o they_o promise_a science_n which_o keep_v up_o those_o man_n droop_a spirit_n from_o despair_n of_o truth_n the_o former_a two_o of_o these_o in_o many_o of_o their_o main_a principle_n declare_v themselves_o aristotelian_o as_o also_o do_v those_o who_o follow_v their_o philosophy_n whereas_o cartesius_n ravel_v all_o the_o scheme_n hitherto_o weave_v by_o other_o mould_v all_o the_o world_n in_o a_o new_a frame_n and_o set_v up_o for_o his_o single_a self_n without_o any_o copartner_n by_o which_o you_o see_v sir_n that_o your_o task_n which_o seem_v at_o first_o so_o vast_a and_o endless_a be_v reduce_v and_o confine_v to_o this_o one_o enquiry_n viz._n to_o determine_v in_o your_o own_o thought_n at_o least_o whether_o you_o think_v fit_a to_o pronounce_v sentence_n or_o no_o which_o party_n viz._n these_o follower_n of_o aristotle_n or_o of_o cartesius_n be_v true_a philosopher_n on_o which_o side_n soever_o the_o lot_n fall_v it_o follow_v of_o course_n that_o since_o they_o contradict_v one_o another_o the_o other_o let_v they_o talk_v and_o write_v as_o long_o as_o they_o will_v be_v in_o reality_n none_o still_o you_o will_v complain_v that_o even_o this_o be_v beyond_o the_o extent_n of_o your_o narrow_a province_n and_o exceed_v the_o purlew_n of_o your_o read_n and_o think_v too_o but_o i_o dare_v assure_v you_o sir_n that_o this_o present_a debate_n be_v of_o that_o nature_n
that_o it_o require_v no_o more_o to_o decide_v it_o than_o a_o fair_a stock_n of_o clear_a and_o penetrative_a natural_a reason_n in_o which_o your_o discern_v genius_n beside_o what_o acquisition_n may_v have_v add_v to_o it_o be_v well_o know_v to_o be_v abound_v and_o no_o way_n deficient_a to_o perform_v this_o there_o need_v no_o sedulous_a and_o tedious_a turn_v over_o all_o the_o book_n write_v by_o both_o party_n or_o scan_v the_o force_n of_o their_o argument_n providence_n will_v be_v want_v to_o mankind_n be_v there_o no_o other_o way_n than_o this_o leave_v we_o to_o know_v where_o truth_n be_v to_o be_v find_v nor_o will_v man_n life_n be_v long_o enough_o for_o such_o a_o endless_a task_n i_o know_v not_o what_o untoward_a way_n man_n who_o love_v much_o talk_n have_v frame_v to_o themselves_o and_o introduce_v into_o the_o world_n but_o certain_o the_o god_n of_o truth_n who_o envy_v not_o to_o mankind_n his_o best_a natural_a perfection_n exact_a knowledge_n or_o 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at_o all_o nor_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o any_o man_n to_o be_v ignorant_a whether_o the_o first_o principle_n or_o first_o truth_n which_o be_v to_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o know_v all_o other_o truth_n be_v true_o such_o because_o these_o must_v be_v self-evident_a most_o firm_o ground_v unmistakable_a and_o necessary_o assent_v to_o by_o all_o mankind_n as_o be_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o follow_v treatise_n and_o indeed_o be_v evident_a by_o common_a reason_n again_o if_o either_o side_n will_v pass_v upon_o we_o gratuitous_a or_o unproved_a supposisition_n for_o principle_n or_o decline_v the_o way_n of_o connexion_n of_o our_o simple_a apprehension_n in_o which_o all_o truth_n formal_o consist_v and_o without_o which_o all_o discourse_n must_v be_v necessary_o incoherent_a last_o if_o the_o rule_n of_o know_v truth_n which_o one_o party_n assign_v be_v such_o that_o even_o learned_a man_n may_v be_v mistake_v and_o deceive_v while_o they_o think_v they_o follow_v it_o in_o all_o these_o case_n i_o say_v it_o be_v incontestable_o evident_a that_o that_o party_n be_v no_o philosopher_n nor_o can_v know_v any_o thing_n at_o all_o if_o nature_n be_v not_o kind_a to_o they_o than_o their_o own_o unprincipled_a doctrine_n you_o see_v sir_n by_o this_o time_n that_o a_o gentleman_n endow_v with_o a_o far_o less_o perfection_n of_o understanding_n than_o your_o self_n be_v master_n of_o may_v by_o these_o test_n determine_v who_o be_v true_a philosopher_n who_o not_o as_o also_o how_o all_o controversy_n in_o philosophy_n may_v be_v easy_o decide_v how_o all_o occasion_n of_o wrangle_a about_o particular_a tenet_n may_v be_v avoid_v and_o last_o how_o the_o fierce_a opposer_n if_o they_o real_o seek_v after_o truth_n may_v be_v reconcile_v and_o satisfy_v it_o be_v the_o business_n of_o this_o follow_a paper_n to_o let_v you_o into_o the_o certain_a knowledge_n what_o kind_a of_o proposition_n be_v the_o first_o principle_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o know_v all_o truth_n whatever_o the_o first_o step_v we_o take_v into_o our_o inmost_a thought_n we_o meet_v with_o and_o discover_v these_o primary_n truth_n who_o self-evidence_n be_v the_o early_o light_v that_o dawn_v to_o our_o soul_n as_o soon_o as_o over_o her_o power_n of_o know_v awaken_v into_o action_n it_o be_v a_o subject_a though_o most_o necessary_a and_o of_o the_o high_a influence_n yet_o neglect_v by_o writer_n hitherto_o two_o or_o three_o have_v indeed_o speak_v of_o it_o but_o none_o i_o know_v of_o have_v handle_v it_o profess_o and_o at_o large_a though_o it_o be_v dry_a and_o require_v chaw_v ere_o it_o become_v nutritive_a yet_o i_o dare_v presume_v it_o be_v solid_a and_o not_o at_o all_o windy_a even_o seed_n when_o first_o plant_v be_v dry_a which_o yet_o hinder_v they_o not_o from_o yield_v a_o large_a increase_n afterward_o the_o first_o principle_n be_v the_o seed_n of_o all_o truth_n which_o by_o how_o much_o their_o root_n be_v lay_v deep_o so_o much_o high_a they_o rear_v and_o extend_v their_o branch_n the_o present_a i_o offer_v you_o be_v small_a but_o the_o little_a it_o contain_v as_o far_o as_o concern_v this_o subject_a be_v wrought_v entire_o out_o of_o natural_a and_o reflect_v reason_n without_o be_v behold_v at_o all_o to_o the_o dishonourable_a task_n of_o transcribe_v as_o some_o piece_n i_o can_v name_v be_v i_o dare_v undertake_v that_o the_o reason_n produce_v here_o be_v so_o firm_o ground_v that_o they_o can_v fear_v no_o opposition_n but_o drollery_n the_o last_o effort_n of_o nonplus_v reason_n you_o will_v not_o expect_v fine_a language_n in_o a_o matter_n that_o can_v bear_v it_o self-evidence_n be_v so_o bright_o luminous_a that_o nothing_o can_v make_v it_o more_o glossy_a nor_o be_v all_o the_o eloquence_n in_o the_o world_n able_a to_o do_v these_o first_o truth_n any_o service_n at_o all_o all_o attempt_v to_o burnish_v or_o varnish_v they_o do_v instead_o of_o do_v this_o dawb_n and_o hide_v they_o as_o paint_v do_v a_o perfect_a beauty_n the_o sum_n be_v the_o whole_a controversy_n now_o agitate_a be_v this_o whether_o of_o these_o two_o philosophy_n abovesaid_a be_v build_v on_o more_o evident_a principle_n or_o have_v a_o more_o self-evident_a and_o unmistakable_a rule_n of_o know_v and_o your_o steady_a and_o equally-poized_a judgement_n be_v request_v to_o hold_v the_o scale_n what_o the_o trifle_n i_o here_o send_v you_o want_v in_o worth_n be_v i_o be_o sure_a abundant_o supply_v by_o the_o sincere_a respect_n which_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n present_v you_o by_o much_o honour_a sir_n your_o ever_o devote_v and_o very_o humble_a servant_n i._o s._n honour_a sir_n 1._o i_o give_v you_o many_o thanks_o for_o your_o kind_n visit._n have_v you_o know_v how_o welcome_a it_o be_v i_o be_o confident_a you_o will_v have_v accept_v my_o kind_a invitation_n and_o have_v gratify_v my_o request_n that_o you_o will_v repeat_v it_o often_o but_o your_o exceed_a modesty_n and_o civility_n do_v it_o seem_v fear_v that_o may_v be_v a_o trouble_v which_o i_o do_v hearty_o assure_v you_o be_v esteem_v by_o i_o as_o a_o high_a favour_n of_o which_o i_o think_v i_o can_v give_v you_o no_o better_a testimony_n than_o by_o let_v you_o see_v that_o i_o be_o not_o willing_a that_o small_a scantling_n of_o your_o conversation_n you_o then_o allow_v i_o shall_v be_v lose_v wherefore_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o give_v you_o a_o rehearsal_n of_o it_o as_o far_o as_o my_o memory_n reach_v at_o such_o a_o distance_n and_o withal_o my_o sentiment_n of_o the_o several_a particular_n then_o touch_v upon_o what_o my_o first_o thought_n of_o they_o be_v then_o and_o my_o second_o thought_n since_o not_o debar_v myself_o the_o liberty_n of_o add_v some_o far_a reflection_n that_o occur_v to_o i_o while_o i_o be_v write_v this_o paper_n because_o the_o treat_v of_o many_o thing_n confuse_o ere_o any_o one_o be_v conclude_v make_v the_o tenor_n of_o our_o conference_n uneven_a and_o shatter_v for_o in_o discourse_v of_o principle_n a_o slow_a pace_n be_v the_o sure_a and_o when_o wit_n be_v too_o nimble_a it_o hazard_n to_o lame_a reason_n and_o judgement_n to_o keep_v pace_n with_o it_o 2._o i_o must_v confess_v dear_a sir_n that_o when_o i_o hear_v you_o discourse_n you_o do_v it_o so_o ingenious_o in_o the_o cartesian_a way_n of_o wit_n which_o consist_v in_o explicate_v and_o doubt_v and_o seem_v to_o exclude_v prove_v that_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o the_o great_a cartesius_n himself_o can_v have_v defend_v his_o doctrine_n better_o for_o he_o can_v not_o have_v doubt_v more_o scrupulous_o than_o you_o do_v nor_o i_o think_v have_v explicate_v himself_o more_o ingenious_o you_o guard_v his_o doctrine_n so_o wary_o that_o it_o be_v scarce_o possible_a to_o attack_v it_o though_o that_o i_o may_v not_o flatter_v you_o i_o
too_o as_o certain_a and_o evident_a as_o that_o one_o or_o both_o of_o we_o be_v not_o the_o worst_a sort_n of_o hypocrite_n that_o be_v belie_v himself_o and_o his_o own_o thought_n whereas_o i_o believe_v no_o man_n that_o know_v either_o of_o we_o have_v ever_o such_o a_o bad_a opinion_n of_o we_o i_o can_v press_v this_o topick_n much_o far_o but_o i_o have_v rather_o leave_v it_o to_o your_o sincere_a and_o deliberate_a consideration_n 33._o the_o rule_n by_o which_o we_o be_v to_o know_v truth_n ought_v therefore_o as_o be_v say_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n oblige_v all_o mankind_n to_o assent_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v apt_a of_o itself_o to_o compose_v all_o difference_n in_o opinion_n by_o apply_v and_o bear_v up_o to_o it_o whereas_o you_o can_v compose_v none_o at_o all_o but_o contrariwise_o engage_v learned_a man_n in_o a_o endless_a wrangle_n we_o both_o grant_v that_o if_o we_o see_v a_o thing_n clear_o to_o be_v true_a it_o be_v true_a since_o common_a sense_n tell_v every_o man_n that_o none_o can_v see_v what_o be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v nor_o be_v there_o any_o such_o mystery_n or_o mastership_n in_o advance_v this_o obvious_a position_n or_o for_o magnify_v cartesius_n so_o high_o for_o invent_v it_o since_o i_o think_v no_o man_n live_v ever_o deny_v it_o the_o question_n be_v which_o of_o we_o have_v this_o true_a evidence_n which_o you_o call_v clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n you_o will_v say_v you_o have_v it_o and_o i_o want_v it_o i_o shall_v reply_v that_o i_o have_v it_o and_o you_o want_v it_o you_o will_v blame_v some_o defect_n in_o my_o understanding_n or_o some_o untoward_a bias_n or_o propension_n of_o my_o will_n both_o which_o according_a to_o mr._n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr p._n 93._o can_v make_v one_o deceive_v in_o think_v that_o he_o evident_o perceive_v and_o i_o on_o the_o other_o side_n think_v i_o may_v with_o equal_a justice_n blame_v you_o and_o so_o we_o may_v come_v to_o lay_v the_o fault_n either_o on_o the_o weakness_n of_o one_o another_o understanding_n or_o the_o depravedness_n of_o his_o will_n which_o natural_o lead_v man_n to_o pelt_v one_o another_o with_o rash_a judgement_n and_o hard_a word_n but_o since_o we_o can_v neither_o of_o we_o see_v one_o another_o thought_n or_o discover_v to_o other_o how_o clear_a they_o be_v which_o be_v your_o way_n both_o side_n will_v still_o remain_v as_o far_o from_o conviction_n and_o the_o point_n from_o decision_n as_o at_o first_o for_o any_o thing_n your_o rule_n help_v either_o of_o we_o and_o if_o we_o set_v aside_o proposition_n and_o discourse_n and_o the_o show_v that_o their_o term_n be_v undeniable_o connect_v and_o therefore_o themselves_o certain_o true_a which_o be_v not_o yoâ—â—_n way_n ho_o i_o beseech_v you_o shall_v man_n ever_o come_v to_o a_o final_a conclusion_n by_o dint_n of_o reason_n without_o be_v put_v to_o it_o to_o avail_v themselves_o by_o ill_a word_n and_o passion_n which_o i_o fear_v by_o proceed_v upon_o your_o rule_n for_o you_o pretend_v not_o to_o have_v produce_v any_o connexion_n of_o term_n have_v be_v such_o a_o stickler_n of_o late_a to_o uphold_v the_o cartesian_a cause_n 34._o this_o seem_v to_o i_o so_o odd_a a_o procedure_n that_o i_o beg_v the_o favour_n of_o you_o to_o acquaint_v i_o how_o or_o by_o what_o mean_v you_o will_v make_v other_o know_v you_o have_v indeed_o this_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n or_o how_o you_o can_v prove_v you_o have_v it_o but_o by_o make_v use_n of_o proposition_n and_o discourse_n the_o force_n of_o which_o consist_v only_o in_o affirm_v deny_v or_o infer_v that_o be_v in_o the_o connexion_n or_o inconnexion_n of_o the_o term_n as_o i_o remember_v your_o answer_n be_v by_o explicate_v to_o they_o clear_o the_o point_n and_o desire_v they_o to_o meditate_v upon_o it_o which_o way_n you_o seem_v to_o magnify_v very_o much_o i_o can_v have_v allege_v that_o you_o can_v not_o have_v propose_v or_o use_v even_o this_o way_n without_o make_v use_n of_o proposition_n and_o discourse_n but_o let_v you_o proceed_v i_o bar_v explication_n if_o they_o be_v bring_v as_o it_o here_o seem_v to_o evacuate_v any_o need_n of_o proof_n for_o explicate_v as_o contradistinguish_v to_o prove_v amount_v to_o no_o more_o but_o a_o kind_n of_o rhetorical_a persuasive_a make_v up_o of_o similitude_n parallel_n allusion_n and_o such_o little_a sort_n of_o light_n witty_a fancy_n which_o may_v serve_v and_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o a_o manner_n equal_o to_o abet_v error_n as_o well_o as_o truth_n indeed_o if_o the_o term_n of_o the_o question_n be_v dubious_a explication_n be_v needful_a and_o very_o requisite_a lest_o otherwise_o we_o level_v our_o argument_n at_o a_o wrong_a thesis_n but_o if_o the_o point_n in_o question_n be_v right_o understand_v by_o both_o party_n it_o must_v either_o be_v prove_v if_o it_o be_v not_o self-evident_a and_o needs_o no_o proof_n or_o it_o must_v remain_v for_o ever_o uncertain_a and_o undecided_a i_o shall_v be_v glad_a to_o know_v whether_o or_o no_o you_o will_v go_v about_o to_o convince_v such_o a_o man_n by_o ground_n and_o principle_n if_o you_o say_v you_o will_v and_o that_o you_o think_v you_o can_v do_v this_o than_o you_o wrong_v your_o cause_n exceed_o by_o wave_v the_o mention_n of_o such_o strong_a support_v as_o principle_n and_o ground_n and_o recur_v to_o and_o rely_v on_o such_o unsteady_a feeble_a reed_n as_o explication_n if_o you_o say_v you_o can_v evince_v your_o thesis_n by_o principle_n then_o all_o your_o explication_n though_o never_o so_o witty_a be_v confess_o unprincipled_a and_o groundless_a if_o you_o pretend_v your_o explication_n do_v involve_v proof_n in_o they_o it_o be_v clear_o for_o the_o interest_n of_o your_o cause_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o argumentative_a part_n of_o such_o discourse_n and_o leave_v out_o the_o explicative_a for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o argument_n if_o a_o good_a one_o subsist_v upon_o some_o solid_a principle_n whereas_o a_o explication_n may_v be_v without_o any_o at_o all_o it_o will_v therefore_o to_o any_o consider_a man_n be_v a_o strong_a prejudice_n against_o the_o cartesian_o and_o make_v man_n apt_a to_o think_v they_o have_v no_o ground_n or_o principle_n at_o all_o that_o they_o do_v not_o much_o pretend_v to_o they_o much_o less_o build_v their_o discourse_n on_o they_o or_o reduce_v they_o to_o they_o but_o seem_v to_o abdicate_v they_o while_o they_o place_v their_o chief_a support_n in_o explication_n in_o a_o word_n let_v the_o position_n be_v first_o prove_v to_o be_v true_a or_o all_o explication_n be_v frivolous_a for_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o to_o stand_v explicate_v a_o falsehood_n the_o nature_n of_o all_o explication_n be_v to_o give_v we_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o thesis_n propose_v but_o let_v it_o be_v first_o prove_v and_o see_v that_o it_o bear_v good_a sense_n for_o it_o be_v a_o very_a sleeuless_a task_n to_o stand_v explicate_v nonsense_n 35._o on_o this_o occasion_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o to_o note_v here_o a_o certain_a manner_n of_o write_v very_o frequent_a among_o some_o modern_a philosopher_n which_o be_v apt_a to_o lead_v the_o generality_n of_o learner_n into_o very_o great_a error_n we_o do_v all_o of_o we_o natural_o affect_v knowledge_n and_o therefore_o we_o love_v to_o read_v author_n that_o be_v clear_a or_o write_v clear_o as_o be_v very_o knowable_a or_o intelligible_a but_o now_o clearness_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o make_v clear_a the_o thought_n of_o the_o writer_n the_o other_o make_v clear_a the_o truth_n of_o the_o point_n he_o write_v of_o the_o one_o express_v clear_o his_o own_o mean_v when_o he_o say_v thus_o the_o other_o manifest_v clear_o that_o he_o say_v true_a when_o he_o say_v thus_o the_o former_a be_v perform_v by_o mean_n of_o rhetoric_n and_o witty_a expression_n the_o other_o can_v only_o be_v do_v by_o solid_a principle_n and_o by_o true_a logic_n but_o it_o too_o often_o happen_v that_o those_o reader_n who_o have_v not_o a_o strong_a bent_n to_o see_v truth_n and_o with_o a_o steady_a aim_n pursue_v it_o and_o it_o only_o be_v so_o well_o apay_v with_o the_o clear_a expression_n of_o a_o author_n in_o deliver_v his_o own_o mind_n which_o can_v but_o be_v very_o pretty_a and_o take_v be_v general_o neat_o clad_v that_o they_o be_v at_o unaware_o decoy_v to_o think_v the_o thing_n itself_o be_v clear_a when_o it_o be_v only_o the_o sentiment_n of_o the_o author_n which_o be_v render_v so_o evident_a especial_o if_o there_o be_v also_o some_o slight_a show_n of_o coherence_n which_o seldom_o want_v if_o the_o writer_n be_v a_o man_n of_o part_n and_o yet_o perhaps_o all_o this_o while_n be_v that_o discourse_n stripe_v of_o its_o superficial_a gaiety_n
do_v show_v plain_o that_o there_o be_v two_o proposition_n of_o which_o the_o one_o be_v a_o antecedent_n the_o other_o a_o consequent_a but_o you_o will_v not_o allow_v that_o ergo_fw-la in_o that_o place_n have_v a_o illative_a signification_n nor_o as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v discern_v any_o at_o all_o for_o i_o be_o sure_a if_o it_o have_v any_o it_o can_v have_v no_o other_o i_o remember_v you_o bestir_v your_o wit_n as_o dexterous_o as_o any_o man_n can_v in_o such_o a_o cause_n to_o bring_v off_o cartesius_n but_o it_o be_v beyond_o the_o power_n of_o wit_n or_o art_n to_o do_v it_o unless_o the_o most_o pregnant_a and_o significant_a word_n which_o rational_a creature_n can_v use_v must_v for_o his_o sake_n lose_v their_o signification_n which_o be_v such_o a_o injury_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n who_o will_v be_v at_o a_o strange_a loss_n to_o discourse_n or_o understand_v one_o another_o be_v this_o admit_v that_o it_o will_v never_o be_v allow_v by_o other_o philosopher_n who_o be_v disinteressed_n and_o have_v not_o that_o passionate_a concern_v for_o cartesius_n as_o some_o other_o seem_v to_o have_v i_o remember_v mr._n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr tell_v we_o he_o have_v speak_v to_o some_o exception_n make_v against_o this_o principle_n former_o and_o perhaps_o this_o may_v be_v one_o of_o they_o but_o as_o i_o can_v not_o light_v on_o that_o book_n of_o he_o so_o i_o clear_o see_v this_o particular_a be_v so_o manifest_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o man_n in_o such_o a_o case_n as_o this_o to_o answer_v to_o the_o purpose_n 47._o and_o thus_o end_v our_o discourse_n in_o which_o if_o you_o have_v any_o disadvantage_n it_o proceed_v hence_o that_o you_o will_v needs_o undertake_v to_o defend_v cartesius_n logic_n whereas_o nothing_o be_v more_o evident_a than_o that_o in_o the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o his_o meditation_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o some_o other_o piece_n of_o he_o he_o regard_v no_o rule_n of_o logic_n at_o all_o but_o mere_o follow_v the_o current_n of_o his_o own_o ingenious_a thought_n in_o glide_v smooth_o and_o gentile_o from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o as_o his_o first_o design_n lead_v he_o and_o in_o put_v his_o conception_n clear_o i_o mean_v according_a to_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o clearness_n mention_v above_o §_o 35._o the_o sum_n be_v this_o without_o proposition_n we_o can_v speak_v and_o without_o illative_a particle_n we_o can_v make_v use_n of_o our_o rationality_n both_o which_o notwithstanding_o you_o do_v not_o seem_v very_o willing_o and_o hearty_o to_o admit_v have_v i_o be_v of_o your_o party_n i_o shall_v have_v advise_v you_o to_o have_v flat_o deny_v all_o syllogism_n inference_n antecedent_n consequent_n and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o logic_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o connexion_n and_o then_o it_o have_v be_v impossible_a for_o any_o man_n to_o attack_v you_o or_o bring_v any_o argument_n against_o you_o i_o add_v nor_o you_o any_o for_o yourselves_o 48._o the_o generality_n of_o mankind_n i_o wish_v i_o may_v not_o say_v of_o philosopher_n too_o be_v much_o govern_v by_o fancy_n i_o be_o to_o expect_v such_o a_o high_a speculation_n as_o be_v the_o forego_n discourse_n will_v scarce_o find_v a_o civil_a entertainment_n among_o such_o gentleman_n however_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v not_o displease_v they_o if_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o ask_v they_o some_o few_o pertinent_a question_n leave_v the_o resolve_v they_o to_o themselves_o 1._o whether_o there_o be_v not_o such_o proposition_n as_o those_o i_o call_v identical_a 2._o whether_o mathematician_n and_o some_o other_o who_o treat_v of_o philosophy_n in_o a_o mathematical_a method_n have_v not_o propose_v such_o before_o i_o and_o make_v use_v of_o they_o 3._o whether_o such_o proposition_n be_v not_o the_o most-firmly-grounded_n and_o the_o first_o of_o all_o other_o 4._o whether_o they_o be_v not_o self-evident_a and_o force_v the_o assent_n of_o all_o mankind_n 5._o whether_o we_o can_v be_v deceive_v in_o judge_v they_o self-evident_a as_o we_o may_v and_o often_o be_v in_o judge_v that_o we_o clear_o and_o distinct_o know_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a 6._o whether_o they_o have_v not_o a_o universal_a influence_n in_o their_o way_n over_o all_o truth_n especial_o all_o deduce_v truth_n since_o it_o be_v demonstrable_a that_o all_o the_o force_n of_o consequence_n be_v ground_v on_o they_o 7._o whether_o all_o these_o qualification_n be_v show_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o self-evident_a knowableness_n of_o identical_a proposition_n this_o clear_a light_n or_o intelligibility_n which_o so_o necessary_o appear_v in_o they_o ought_v not_o with_o just_a right_n entitle_v they_o to_o be_v hold_v the_o rule_n by_o which_o to_o know_v all_o other_o truth_n last_o whether_o this_o self-evident_a connexion_n of_o the_o term_n of_o a_o proposition_n find_v in_o they_o which_o be_v producible_a open_o be_v not_o a_o clear_a mean_n to_o show_v to_o other_o that_o we_o do_v not_o mistake_v when_o we_o judge_v they_o self_n evident_a and_o true_a since_o all_o mankind_n that_o see_v they_o produce_v must_v think_v the_o same_o of_o they_o we_o do_v and_o whether_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o can_v possible_o be_v show_v to_o other_o that_o ourselves_o do_v clearly_n and_o distinct_o know_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a without_o produce_v final_o some_o proposition_n that_o be_v unmistakable_a and_o self-evident_a to_o every_o man_n when_o they_o have_v due_o weigh_v each_o of_o these_o particular_n and_o the_o proof_n bring_v for_o they_o i_o appeal_v from_o their_o fancy_n to_o their_o reason_n whether_o i_o have_v not_o do_v a_o just_a and_o necessary_a duty_n to_o philosophy_n in_o endeavour_v to_o settle_v the_o rule_n of_o truth_n upon_o so_o solid_a and_o evident_a a_o basis_n and_o whether_o i_o can_v have_v be_v less_o speculative_a in_o such_o a_o high_a subject_n as_o require_v a_o deep_a inspection_n into_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o all_o truth_n whatever_o even_o to_o the_o resolve_v it_o final_o and_o connatural_o into_o essential_a truth_n itself_o if_o these_o consideration_n do_v not_o acquit_v i_o upon_o either_o account_n i_o can_v but_o think_v myself_o unjust_o condemn_v and_o i_o hope_v the_o whole_a court_n of_o philosopher_n who_o be_v impartial_a and_o sincere_a will_v judge_v the_o same_o 49._o to_o clear_v i_o from_o singularity_n in_o this_o uncommon_a method_n of_o philosophize_v i_o can_v far_o allege_v that_o mr._n locke_n in_o his_o essay_n b._n 4._o ch_n 1._o §_o 4._o give_v we_o this_o doctrine_n that_o the_o first_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v to_o perceive_v its_o own_o idea_n and_o that_o one_o of_o they_o be_v not_o another_o that_o be_v that_o each_o of_o they_o be_v its_o self_n only_o which_o be_v a_o identical_a proposition_n that_o this_o be_v so_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o without_o it_o there_o can_v be_v no_o knowledge_n no_o reason_v no_o distinct_a thought_n at_o all_o which_o 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of_o that_o very_a learned_a man_n speculation_n to_o reflect_v on_o the_o universal_a influence_n identical_a proposition_n have_v over_o all_o truth_n and_o all_o knowledge_n whatever_o and_o therefore_o his_o dislike_a of_o they_o afterward_o chap._n 8._o can_v be_v think_v to_o relate_v only_o to_o their_o apprehend_a uselessness_n though_o even_o there_o §_o 2._o he_o acknowledge_v a_o excellent_a use_n of_o they_o too_o where_o he_o say_v that_o what_o be_v be_v may_v serve_v sometime_o he_o may_v have_v say_v always_o when_o it_o need_v to_o show_v a_o man_n the_o absurdity_n he_o be_v guilty_a of_o when_o by_o circumlocution_n or_o ambiguous_a term_n he_o will_v in_o particular_a instance_n deny_v the_o same_o thing_n of_o itself_o because_o no_o body_n will_v so_o open_o bid_v defiance_n to_o common_a sense_n as_o to_o affirm_v visible_a and_o direct_a contradiction_n
in_o plain_a word_n to_o which_o reflection_n of_o he_o if_o this_o learned_a gentleman_n please_v to_o add_v that_o whoever_o discourse_v false_a on_o any_o subject_a do_v at_o the_o same_o time_n make_v that_o subject_n not_o to_o be_v what_o it_o be_v or_o if_o the_o question_n be_v of_o some_o mode_n as_o it_o be_v his_o penetrative_a judgement_n can_v but_o discern_v that_o identical_a proposition_n be_v equal_o useful_a in_o all_o question_n all_o dispute_n nay_o all_o discourse_n whatsoever_o if_o the_o way_n of_o reduce_v inferior_a truth_n to_o they_o be_v but_o well_o improve_v and_o cultivate_v 50._o i_o much_o value_v your_o good_a opinion_n and_o i_o perceive_v i_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o lose_v it_o by_o a_o hint_n you_o give_v i_o with_o a_o dis-relishing_a air_n that_o i_o call_v cartesius_n a_o fanatic_a which_o you_o think_v very_o harsh_a in_o answer_n i_o deny_v the_o charge_n it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o say_v that_o when_o cartesius_n be_v lay_v his_o method_n to_o science_n by_o deny_v his_o sense_n and_o divest_v himself_o of_o all_o his_o former_a knowledge_n which_o as_o my_o author_n express_v it_o be_v no_o less_o than_o to_o unman_v himself_o he_o fall_v for_o some_o few_o day_n into_o a_o spice_n of_o enthusiasm_n nay_o be_v brimful_a of_o it_o and_o fancy_v he_o have_v vision_n and_o revelation_n so_o that_o he_o seem_v crack-brained_a or_o to_o have_v drink_v a_o cup_n too_o much_o which_o be_v the_o very_a word_n a_o cartesian_a who_o write_v his_o life_n have_v give_v we_o p._n 34_o 35_o 36._o and_o it_o be_v another_o thing_n to_o say_v he_o be_v habitual_o a_o fanatic_a or_o enthusiast_n all_o his_o life_n and_o in_o every_o action_n he_o do_v or_o book_n he_o write_v the_o former_a of_o which_o can_v neither_o be_v deny_v with_o truth_n nor_o the_o late_a object_v with_o any_o degree_n of_o modesty_n nor_o do_v it_o suit_n with_o the_o high_a character_n i_o have_v give_v of_o he_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o my_o method_n and_o the_o encomium_n i_o have_v upon_o occasion_n bestow_v on_o divers_a of_o his_o book_n i_o beseech_v you_o sir_n be_v so_o just_a as_o to_o stare_v my_o case_n right_o i_o be_v write_v a_o method_n to_o science_n and_o two_o other_o method_n if_o indeed_o they_o do_v not_o fall_v into_o the_o same_o which_o look_v very_o extravagant_a do_v lie_v across_o my_o way_n which_o unless_o i_o remove_v my_o whole_a design_n have_v be_v spoil_v and_o of_o no_o effect_n i_o mean_v that_o of_o malbranche_fw-mi which_o make_v all_o humane_a science_n come_v by_o divine_a revelation_n and_o that_o of_o cartesius_n that_o we_o must_v deny_v all_o our_o knowledge_n of_o natural_a truth_n have_v by_o our_o sense_n the_o settle_v this_o late_a method_n have_v confess_o lose_v cartesius_n his_o wit_n for_o some_o time_n and_o therefore_o i_o have_v good_a reason_n to_o fear_v that_o the_o follow_v the_o same_o method_n may_v do_v a_o great_a mischief_n to_o other_o who_o have_v not_o such_o strong_a 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my_o circumstance_n and_o the_o confute_v such_o strange_a method_n be_v with_o good_a reason_n judge_v by_o i_o to_o be_v so_o beneficial_a to_o other_o it_o can_v without_o rashness_n be_v think_v i_o do_v this_o out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o oppose_v other_o learned_a man_n but_o pure_o out_o of_o duty_n to_o my_o reader_n and_o a_o just_a regard_n to_o myself_o yet_o for_o pursue_v this_o laudable_a and_o in_o my_o case_n necessary_a intention_n i_o be_o persecute_v with_o the_o high_a malice_n by_o two_o overzealous_a cartesian_o who_o to_o uphold_v these_o awkward_a and_o pernicious_a method_n make_v no_o scruple_n to_o break_v in_o upon_o the_o most_o sacred_a method_n of_o christianity_n though_o i_o have_v do_v no_o more_o but_o cite_v the_o word_n of_o their_o own_o author_n beside_o every_o candid_a reader_n will_v hence_o easy_o discern_v that_o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o pique_n against_o their_o person_n but_o pure_o out_o of_o my_o dislike_a of_o their_o unprincipled_a and_o dangerous_a method_n that_o i_o have_v oppose_v they_o at_o all_o nor_o have_v i_o any_o personal_a reflection_n upon_o their_o morality_n nor_o do_v i_o charge_v they_o with_o impiety_n but_o of_o folly_n which_o every_o antagonist_n in_o philosophical_a debate_n be_v force_v to_o object_n to_o his_o adversary_n 51._o but_o be_o i_o the_o only_a man_n of_o our_o modern_n here_o in_o england_n who_o have_v think_v it_o the_o interest_n of_o philosophy_n and_o of_o truth_n to_o oppose_v malbranche_fw-mi and_o cartesius_n mr._n john_n keyll_n of_o oxford_n a_o person_n of_o great_a wit_n and_o great_a hope_n be_v as_o i_o be_o inform_v scarce_o arrive_v yet_o at_o the_o summer_n of_o his_o age_n have_v late_o put_v forth_o a_o examination_n of_o dr._n burnet_n theory_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o after_o he_o have_v in_o his_o introduction_n discover_v the_o foppery_n of_o divers_a of_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n and_o of_o three_o of_o our_o modern_n spinoza_n dr._n more_n and_o mr._n hobbs_n not_o much_o less_o ridiculous_a than_o the_o former_a he_o lay_v open_a that_o superlative_o absurd_a opinion_n of_o malbranche_n which_o i_o note_v above_o he_o give_v we_o a_o summary_n and_o parallel_v consequence_n of_o his_o doctrine_n in_o that_o particular_a which_o be_v that_o we_o see_v not_o the_o thing_n themselves_o but_o only_o their_o idea_n which_o the_o soul_n see_v in_o god_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o possibility_n of_o see_v any_o body_n except_o in_o that_o be_v god_n which_o contain_v they_o after_o a_o intelligible_a manner_n body_n therefore_o and_o their_o property_n be_v only_o see_v in_o god_n so_o that_o say_v he_o a_o man_n who_o read_v this_o book_n do_v not_o real_o see_v the_o book_n itself_o but_o the_o idea_n of_o it_o which_o be_v in_o god._n which_o he_o deserve_o character_n to_o be_v unintelligible_a jargon_n and_o a_o solid_a piece_n of_o nonsense_n he_o expose_v that_o equally-senseless_a opinion_n that_o body_n of_o their_o 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poniard_n into_o his_o father_n or_o prince_n breast_n but_o god_n almighty_n do_v it_o without_o any_o other_o concurrence_n of_o the_o man_n but_o his_o will._n it_o seem_v our_o law_n be_v very_o unjust_a which_o do_v not_o hang_v man_n for_o mere_o intend_v or_o will_v but_o for_o ouvert_v act_n in_o which_o the_o man_n himself_o have_v no_o hand_n at_o all_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o entire_o of_o god_n do_v whence_o we_o see_v that_o with_o the_o cartesian_o such_o doctrine_n as_o this_o have_v no_o impiety_n in_o it_o at_o all_o against_o god_n it_o come_v from_o they_o and_o so_o it_o be_v all_o sacred_a he_o proceed_v and_o affirm_v that_o no_o second_o cause_n act_v so_o that_o no_o body_n though_o move_v with_o never_o so_o great_a a_o