duties sake and my whole Countreys cause I will at this present declare vnto you Ye which be bounde by Gods worde and to obey for feare lyke men pleasâ—â—s but for conâ—…edence sake like Christians haue contrarie to Gods holy will whose offence is euerlasting beaâ—â— and contrarie to the godly order of quietnesse set out to vs in the Kings Maiesties â—â—wes the breache whereof is not vnknowne to you taken in hande vnrulled of God vnsent by men vnfitte by reason to calle awaye your bounden duetyes of obedience and to put on you agaynste the Magistrates Gods office committed to the Magistrates for the reformation of your pretensed iniuries In the which doing ye haue first faulted grieuously against God next offended vnnaturally our soueraigne Lorde thirdly troubled miserablie the whole common wealth vndone cruelly many an honest man and brought in an vtter miserie both to vs the Kings Subiectes and to your selues being false Rebelles and yet ye pretende that partly for Gods cause and partly for the coÌ„mon welthes sake ye do arise when as your selues cannot denie but ye that seeke in worde gods cause do breake in deed Gods commaundement and ye that seeke the common wealth haue destroyed the common wealth and so ye marre that ye would make and break that ye would amend bycause ye neither seeke any thing rightly nor would amend any thing orderly He that faulteth faulteth agaynst Gods ordinance who hath forbidden all faultes and therefore ought againe to be punished by Gods ordinance who is the reformer of faults For he sayth leaue the punishment to me and I will reuenge them But the Magistrate is the ordinaunce of God appoynted by him with the sworde of punishment to looke streightly to all euil doers And therefore that that is done by the Magistrate is done by the ordinance of God whom the Scripture oftentymes doth call God bycause he hath the execution of Gods office Howe then do you take in hande to reforme Be ye kings By what authoritie or by what succession Be ye y e kings officers By what commission Be ye called of God By what tokens declare ye that Gods worde teacheth vs that no man should take in hand any office but he that is called of God lyke Aaron What Moyses I pray you called you What Gods Minister bade you rise Ye rise for religion What religion taught you that If ye were offred persecution for religion ye ought to flie so Christ teacheth you and yet you intend to fight If ye woulde stande in the truth ye ought to suffer like Martyrs and you woulde sley like tyrants Thus for religion you keepe no religion and neither will follow the counsaile of Christ nor the constancie of Martyrs Why rise ye for religion Haue ye any thing contrary to Gods booke Yea haue ye not al things agreeable to Gods word But the new is different from the old and therfore ye will haue the olde If ye measure the old by truth ye haue the oldest if ye measure the olde by fancie then it is harde bycause mens fansies chaungeth to giue that is olde Ye will haue the olde still Will ye haue any older than that as Christ left and his Apostles taught and the first Church after Christ did vse Ye will haue that the Canons doe establish Why that is a great deale yonger than that ye haue of later tyme and newlyer inuented Yet that is it that ye desire Why then ye desire not the oldest And doe you preferre the Bishoppes of Rome afore Christ mennes inuention afore Gods law the newer sort of worship before the older Ye seeke no religion ye be deceyued ye seeke traditions They that teach you blinde you that so instruct you deceyue you If ye seeke what the olde Doctors say yet looke what Christ the oldest of all sayth For he sayth before Abraham was made I am If ye seeke the truest way he is the verye truth if ye seeke the readiest way he is the verie way if ye seeke euerlasting life he is the verye life What religion would ye haue other nowe than his religion You would haue the Bibles in againe It is no maruaile your blinde guides would leade you blind stil Why be ye Howlets and Backes that ye cannot looke on the light Christ sayth to euerie one search ye the Scriptures for they beare witnesse of Christ You say pull in the scriptures for we wil haue no knowledge of Christ The Apostles of Christ wil vs to be so readie y t we may be able to giue euerie maÌ„ an account of our faith Ye will vs not once to read the Scriptures for feare of knowing of our faith S. Paule prayeth that euerie man may encrease in knowledge yee desire that our knowledge might decay againe A true Religion ye seeke belike and worthie to be fought for For without the sworde indeede nothing can help it neither Christ nor truth nor age can mainteyne it But why shoulde ye not like that which Gods worde establisheth the prematiue Church hath authorised the greatest lerned men of this Realme hath drawen the whole consent of the Parliament hath confirmed the Kings Maiestie hath set foorth Is it not truly set out Can ye deuise any truer than Christes Apostles vsed ye thinke it is not learnedly done Dare ye Commons take vpon you more learning than the chosen Bishops and Clearkes of this Realme haue Thinke ye follie in it Ye wer woÌ„t to iudge your ParliameÌ„t wisest now wil ye sudainly excell them in wisedom Or can ye thinke it lacketh authoritie which the King the Parliament the learned the wise haue iustly approued Learne learne to knowe this one point of Religion that God will be worshipped as he hath prescribed not as wee haue deuised and that his will is wholye in his Scriptures which be full of Gods spirite and profitable to teach the truth to reproue lyes to amend faults to bring one vp in righteousnesse that he that is a Gods man may be perfite and readie to al good woorkes What can bee more required to serue God withall And thus muche for Religion Rebels The other rable of Norffolke Rebelles yee pretende a common wealth How amende ye it by killing of Gentlemen by spoyling of Gentlemen by imprisoning of Gentlemen A marueylous tanned commoÌ„welth Why should ye thus hate them for their riches or for their rule Rule they neuer tooke so much in hand as ye doe now They neuer resisted the king neuer withstood his counsail be faithful at this day when ye be faithlesse not onely to the King whose Subiectes ye be but also to your Lordes whose tenaunts ye be Is this your true duetie in some of homage in most of feaultie in all of allegeance to leaue your duties goe backe from your promises fall from your fayth and contrarie to lawe and truth to make vnlawfull assemblyes vngodly companies wicked and detestable Campes to disobey your betters to obey your Tanners to change your obedience
in suche sorte as hee can not pretende cause of ignoraunce After he had made an end of these words he called to him the said Robertet and with loud voice he commanded him to reade the said writing which was done worde for worde in maner as followeth WE Frauncis by the grace of God king of Fraunce Lorde of Genes c. to you Charles by the same grace chosen Emperor of Rome King of Spaine we do you to wit that being aduertised that in al the answers that you haue made to our Ambassadors and heraults sent to you for the establishing of peace in excusing your self w tout al reason you haue accused vs saying y t wee haue might you our faith and that therevpon besides our promise we departed out of your hands power In defence of our honor whiche hereby might be burthened to muche againste all truthe wee thought good to send you this writing by whiche we giue you to vnderstand that notwithstanding that no man being in ward is bound to keepe faith that the same might be a sufficient excuse for vs yet for the satiffiyng of all men and our said honor which we mynde to keepe and will keepe if it please God vnto the death that if ye haue charged or will chardge vs not only with our said faith deliueraūce but that euer wee did anye thyng that became not a Gentleman that had respect to his honor that yee lye falsly in your throte and as ofte as yee say it ye lye and do determine to defende our honor to the vttermost drop of our bloude Wherefore seeing ye haue charged vs agaynst all truth write no more to vs hereafter but appoint vs the fielde and wee will bring you the weapons protesting that if after thys declaration ye write into any place or vse any words against our honor that the shame of the delay of the combate shall light on you seeing that y e offering of combat is the ende of all writyng Made at our good Town and Citie of Paris the ◅8 daye of Marche Anno. 1528. before Easter Thus signed Frauncis After that Robertet had redde this writing there in presence of the Emperors Ambassador the king made further replie vnto the poynts conteyned in the Emperors answers to the defiance and withall to conclude tolde the said Ambassador that his maister the Emperor had constreined him by such message as he had sent to him to make y e answer in truth which he had made and further willed him to deliuer vnto y e Emperor y t writing which he had signed with his hand and to say to him that hee tooke him for so honorable a prince that cōsidering y e matter wherewith he chardged him the answere that he made he wold not faile but to answer him like a Gentleman and not by writing like an aduocate for if he otherwise do said the K. I will answer his Chaūcellor by an aduocate and a man of his estate and a more honest man than he Shortly after the Emperors Ambassadors returned home into Spaine in safetie and well entreated and vpō their returne the Ambassadors of France were set at libertie deliuered beyōd Fonterabie so came safely home into Frāce a French herault appointed to accōpanie the Ambassador Grandeuell brought the writing of the combat vnto the Emperor bicause Granduelle refused to medle with it to the which the Emperor v. months after or therabouts sent an answer by one of his Heraulds who being ariued at Paris mēt vpon y e sodain to present his letters vnto y e frēch K. but the K. getting intelligēce therof the .x. of September sitting w tin his great hall of his palace at Paris aforsaid before y e table of marble in a royal seat adressed set vp for him ◅ steps in heigth appointed to giue audiēce to y e said herald On his right hand sat in chaires y e K. of Nauarre the duke of Alanson Berry the erle of Foire Arminack on y e same side sat also vpon a bēch the D. of Vandosme a pere of Frāce lieutenāt general gouernor of Picardie Don Hercules d'Este eldest son to y e duke of Ferrare duke of Chartres Montarges who lately before had maried y e lady Renee a daughter of Frāce the D. of Albanie regent gouernor of Scotlād the duke of Longueuille great chamberlain of France nere to thē vpon an other bench sat y e presidents coūsellors of y e court of Parliamēt behind them many gentlemē doctors lerned men on the left hand wer set in chaires prepared for thē the Cardinal Saluarie y e Popes ◅gate the Cardinal of Bourbō duke of Laon a peere of Frāce the Cardinall of Sens Chancellour of France the Cardinal of Lorrain the Archb. of Narbōne y e ambassadors of y e kings of England Scotlād of the seigniorie of Venice of Milan of the cantons of y e Suysses of Florēce on an other bench sat y e bish of Trāsiluania ambassador for the K. of Hūgarie the Bishop duke of Langres one of the peeres of Frāce the bish erle of Noyon an other of the peeres of Frāce the Archb. of Lyon primate of al France the Archbish of Bourges primate of Aquitain y e archbishops of Aux Rouen y e bishops of Paris Meaux Lizeux Mascon Limoges Vabres Cōserās Terbe behind thē sat the masters of the requests the coūselors of the great counsel On either side the kings seat stode the erle of Beaumont great maister and Marshal of France the L. de Brion admirall of Frāce lieutenāt general gouernor of Burgogne behind y e same seat wer many knights of the order y e is to wit the erle of Laual lieutenant general gouernor of Britayn the lord of Montmorancy y e L. Daubigny captain of on C. launces and of the Scottish garde the erle of Bryenne Ligny Roussy the Lord of Fleuranges marshal of France the L. of Ruffoy the L. of Genoillyac great esquier master of the artillerie of France Loys monsier d'Elenes the L. of Humieres the erle of Carpy behind thē was the Erle of Estāpes prouost of Paris with him many gentlemen of y e kings chāber among the which was the erle of Tancaruille the L. of Guyenne the son of the erle of Roussy the son of the lord of Fleuranges y e L. de la Rochepot the lord Douarty great master of the waters forests y e L. of Lude y e lord of Aauly the L. de Villebonne baily of Rouē the baron of Chastean Morāt y e L. de la Loue the vicoūt de la Mothe an groing the L. of Vertes besides these the masters officers of the houshold gentlemen waiters w t the more part of y e ij C. gentlemen or pensioners as we terme thē At the entrie into the saide throne or tribunall
seeke victorie buy our outwarde misery to seeke outwarde glorit with inward dishonor whiche howsoeuer they get thinke it to be long of you who haue offered thē victorie afore they began war bycause ye wold declare clare to men hereafter belike how daungerous it is to make sturres at home when they doe not onely make our selues weake but also our enemies strong Beside these there is another sorte of men desirous of aduantage and disdainefull of our wealth whose griefe is most our greatest hap and be offended with religion bicause they bee drowned in superstition men zealed towarde god but not fit to iudge meaning better without knowledge than they iudge by their meaning worthier whose ignorance should be taken away than their will shoulde be followed whom we shuld more rebuke for their stubburnesse than despise for their ignoraunce These seeing superstition beaten downe and religion set vp gods word taking place traditions kept in their kinde difference made betwene Gods cōmaundements and mans learning the truth of things sought out according to Christes in situatiō examples taken of the Primitiue churches vse not at the Byshoppe of Romes ordinance and true worship taught will worship refused do by blindnesse rebuke that as by truth they should follow and by affection folow that as by knowledge they shuld abhorte thinking vsage to be truth and scripture to be error not waying by the word but misconstruing by custome And now things be chaunged to the better religion trulyer appointed they see matters go awry which hurteth the whole realme and they reioyce in this myschiefe as a thyng worthily happened mystakyng the cause and slaunderyng religion as though there were no cause why God myght haue punished if their vsed professiō might still haue takē place They see not that where gods glorie is trul◅est sette forth there the deuill is most busie for his parte and laboureth to corrupt by lewdnesse that is is gotten out by the truthe thynkyng that if it were not blemished at the firste the residue of his falseheade shoulde after lesse preualye So he troubleth by bywayes that he cannot plainlye withstande and vseth subtileie of Sophistrie where plaine reason faileth and perswadeth simple men that to bee a cause whiche in deede cannot be tried and taken for a cause So hee causeth religion which reacheth obedience to be iudged the cause of sedition and the doctrine of loue the seede of dissention mistaking the thing but perswading mens mindes abusing the plaine meaning of the honest to a wicked end of religions ouerthrow The husband man hadde not so soone throwne stede in hys ground but steppeth vp the enimie he soweth cockle too and maketh men doubt whether the good husbande had done well or no and whether he had sowne there good feede or bad The fansifull Iewes in Egipt wold not beleue Ieremie but thought their plague their misery to come by his meanes and leauing of Idolatrie to be the cause of penury wherefore by wylfull aduise they entended to forsake the Prophetes counsaile and thought to serue God most truly by their rooted and accustomed Idolatrie When the Christian men were persecuted in the Primitiue church daily suffered Martyrdome for Christes profession suche faire season of weather was for three or foure yere togither that the heathen iudged therevpon God to bee delighted with their crueltie and so were perswaded that wyth the bloude of the Martyrs they pleased God highly Such fansies lighted now in Papistes and irreligious mens heades and ioyne things by chaunce happening togyther concludeth the one to bee the cause of the other and then delighteth in true worshippers hurt because they iudge cursedly the good to be had therefore reioyseth in the punishment of the godly For they being fleshly iudge by outwarde things and perceiue not the inward for that they lacke the spirit so iudge amisse not vnderstandyng God what diuersitie hee suffereth to blinde still the wilfull and howe thorowe all daungers hee saueth his forechosen Thus haue ye giuen a large occasion to stubburne Papists both to iudge amisse and also to reioyce in this wicked chance contented with our mischiefe not likyng our religion thinking god doth punishe for this better chaūge haue therby an yll opinion of gods holy truth cōfirmed in thē by no sure scripture but by following of mischāce which they ought to think to come for the pride stubburnesse of y e peopl◅ who doth not accept Gods glorie in good part nor giue no due praise to their Lorde maker What shoulde I say more Yee hurt euerye way the daungers be so great and the perils so many which do daily followe youre deuillishe enterprise that the more I seeke in the matter the more I continually see to say And what words can worthily declare this miserable beastlinesse of your whiche haue entended to deuide the Realme and arme the one parte for the killing of the other For euen as concord is not onely the healthe but also the strengthe of the realme so is sedition not only the weaknesse but also the apostume of the realme whiche when it breaketh inwardely putteth the state in greate daunger of recouerye and corruptethe the whole Common wealthe wyth the rotten furye that it hathe long putryfied wyth For it is not in sedition as in other fautes whiche being mischieuous of themselues haue some notable hurt alwaies faste adioyned to them but in this one is there a whole bell of faultes not seuerally scattered but clustered on a lumpe togyther and commyng on so thicke that it is vnpossible for a Region armed wyth all kynde of wysedome and strength thereto to auoide the daungers that issue out therof When sedition once breaketh out see yee not the lawes ouerthrowne the Magistrates despysed spoyling of houses murderyng of men wastyng of Countryes encrease of dysorder diminishing of the Realmes strengthe swarmyng of vagabondes scarsitye of labourers and those mischiefes all plenteously brought in whyche God is wonte to scurge seuerely wyth all warre dearthe and pestilence And seeing yee haue theft and murder plague and famine confusion and ydlenesse linked togither can yee looke any more mischiefe in one shamefull enterprise than ye euidently see to growe herein As for warre although it be miserable yet the one parte getteth somewhat and reioyceth in the spoyle and so goeth lustyer awaye and either encreaseth his countrie with riches or enhaunceth himselfe wyth glorye but in sedition bothe partes loseth the ouercomming can not flie the ouercommer can not spoyle the more the winner winneth the more hee losethe the more that escape the more infamous menne liue al that is gained is scarrely saued the winning is losse the losse is destruction both waste themselues and the whole moste wasted the strengthnyng of themselues the decaye of the Country the striuing for the victorie is a pray to the enemie and shortly to saye the hellishe turmoyle of sedition so farre passeth the common
imperted vvhat I could learne and craue that it may be takē in good part My speech is playne vvithout any Rethoricall shevve of Eloquence hauing rather a regarde to simple truth than to decking vvordes I vvishe I had bene furnished vvith so perfect instructions and so many good gifts that I might haue pleased all kindes of men but that same being so rare a thing in any one of the best I beseech thee gentle Reader not to looke for it in me the meanest But novv for thy further instruction to vnderstand the course of these my labors First cōcerning the Historie of Englād as I haue collected the same out of many and sundry Authours in vvhome vvhat contrarietie negligence and rashnesse somtime is founde in their reportes I leaue to the discretion of those that haue perused theyr vvorkes for my parte I haue in things doubtfull rather chosen to shevve the diuersitie of their vvritings than by ouer ruling them and vsing a peremptory censure to frame them to agree to my liking leauing it neuerthelesse to eche mans iudgement to controlle thē as he seeth cause If some vvhere I shevv my fancie vvhat I thinke and that the same dislyke them I craue pardon specially if by probable reasons or playner matter to be produced they can shevv mine errour vpō knovvledge vvherof I shal be ready to reforme it accordingly VVhere I do beginne the Historie from the first inhabitation of this Isle I looke not to content eche mans opinion concerning the originall of them that first peopled it and no maruell for in matters so vncertayne if I can not sufficiently content my selfe as in deede I cannot I knovve not hovv I should satisfie others That vvhiche seemeth to me most likely I haue noted beseeching the learned as I trust they vvill in such pointes of doubtfull antiquities to beare vvith my skill Sith for ought I knovv the matter is not yet decided among the learned but still they are in controuersie about it Et adhuc sub iudice lis est VVell hovv soeuer it came first to be inhabited likely it is that at the first the vvhole Isle vvas vnder one Prince and Gouernour though aftervvardes and long peraduenture before the Romaines set any foote vvithin it the Monarchie thereof vvas broken euen vvhen the multitude of the inhabitants grevv to bee great and ambition entred amongst them vvhich hath brought so many good policies and states to ruyne and decay The Romaines hauing ones got possession of the continent that faceth this Isle coulde not rest as it appeareth till they had brought the same also vnder theyr subiection and the sooner doubtlesse by reason of the factions amongst the Princes of the lande vvhiche the Romaynes through their accustomed skill coulde turne very vvell to their moste aduauntage They possessed it almoste fiue hundreth yeares and longer might haue done if eyther their insufferable tiranny had not taken avvay from them the loue of the people asvvell here as elsvvhere either that their ciuill discorde aboute the chopping and chaunging of their Emperours had not so vveakened the forces of their Empire that they vvere not able to defende the same against the impression of barbarous nations But as vvee may coniecture by that vvhiche is founde in Histories aboute that tyme in vvhiche the Romaine Empire beganne to decline this lande stoode in very vveake state being spoyled of the more parte of all hir able menne vvhiche vvere ledde avvay into forreine regions to supplie the Romayne armies and likevvise perhaps of all necessarie armour vveapon and treasure vvhiche being perceyued of the Saxons after they vvere receiued into the I le to ayde the Britons against the Scottes and Pictes then inuading the same ministred to them occasion to attempt the seconde conquest vvhiche at length they brought to passe to the ouerthrovv not onely of the Brittish dominion but also to the subuersion of the Christian religion here in this lande vvhiche chanced as appeareth by Gildas for the vvicked sinnes and vnthankefulnesse of the inhabitants tovvardes God the chiefe occasions and causes of the transmutations of kingdomes Nam propter peccata regna transmutantur à gente in gentem The Saxons obteyning possession of the lande gouerned the same being deuided into sundry kingdomes and hauing once subdued the Brytons or at the leastvvise remoued them out of the most parte of the Isle into odde corners and mountaynes fell at diuision among themselues and oftentimes vvith vvarre pursued eche other so as no perfect order of gouernement could be framed nor the Kings grovv to any great puissance eyther to moue vvarres abroade or sufficiently to defende themselues against forreyne forces at home as manifestly vvas perceyued vvhen the Danes and other the Northeasterne people being then of great puyssance by sea beganne miserably to afflict this lande at the first inuading as it vvere but onely the coastes and countreys lying neare to the sea but aftervvardes vvith mayne armies they entred into the middle partes of the lande and although the Englishe people at length came vnder one King and by that meanes vvere the better able to resist the enimies yet at length those Danes subdued the vvhole and had possessiō thereof for a time although not long but that the crovvne returned againe to those of the Saxon line till shortly after by the insolent dealings of the gouernours a deuision vvas made betvvixt the King and his people through iuste punishmente decreed by the prouidence of the Almightie determining for their sinnes and contempt of his lavves to deliuer them into the handes of a stranger and therevpon vvhen spite and enuie had brought the title in doubte to vvhom the right in succession apperteyned the Conquerour entred and they remayned a pray to him and his vvho plucked all the heades and chiefe in authoritie so clearely vp by the rootes as fevve or none of them in the ende vvas lefte to stande vp against him And herevvith altering the vvhole state hee planted lavves and ordinaunces as stoode moste for his auayle and suretie vvhich being after qualified vvith more milde and gentle lavves tooke suche effect that the state hath euer sithence continued vvhole and vnbroken by vvise and politike gouernement although disquieted sometime by ciuill dissention to the ruyne commonly of the firste mouers as by the sequele of the historie ye may see For the Historie of Scotlande I haue for the more parte follovved Hector Boete Iohannes Maior and Iouan Ferreri Piemontese so farre as they haue continued it interlaced sometimes vvith other Authours as Houeden Fourdon and such like although not often bicause I meante rather to deliuer vvhat I founde in their ovvne Histories extant than to correct them by others leauing that enterprice to their ovvne countrey men so that vvhat soeuer ye reade in the same consider that a Scottishman vvritte it and an English man hath but onely translated it into our language referring the Reader to the English Historie in all maters betvvixte vs and them
fish for which he did cast his hooke so great was the fishe that he caught in the end that within the space of 1000 lesse it deuoured the fourth parte and more of the best soyle of the Islande which was whollye bestowed vpon his monkes and other relygious brodes y t were hatched since his time Whilest these things were thus in hande in the south parte of Albion the Meates Pictes and Caledoniens Meates Pictes Caledonies which lye beyonde the Scottish sea receiued also the preaching of such christian elders as aduentured thither daily and not without great successe and increase of perfit godlynesse in that parte of the I le Certes this prosperous attempt passed all mens expectatioÌ„ for that these nations were in those dayes reputed wild sauage and more vnfaithfull and craftye then well minded people as the wilde Irish are in my time and such were they to say the truth in déede as neyther the sugred curtesye nor sharpe swordes of the Romaines coulde restreyne from their naturall fury or bring to any order For this cause also in th end y e Romaine Emperours did vtterly cast them of as an vnprofitable brutishe and vntameable nation by an huge wall hereafter to be described separated that rude companye from the milde and ciuill portion Scotlande conuerted to y e fayth of Christ This conuersion of the north parts fell out in the sixt yeare before the warres that Seuorus had in those quarters and 170. after y e death of our Sauiour Iesus Christ From thenceforth also the christian religion contynued still among them by the diligent care of their Pastors and Byshops after the vse of the churches of the south part of this Island tyll the Romaine shepehearde sought them out and founde the meanes to pull them vnto him in like sort with his long staffe as he had done our countryemen whereby in in the ende he abolished the rites of the churches of Asia there also as Augustine had done already in England and in stéede of the same did furnish it vp with those of his pontificall Sie although there was great contention and no lesse bloudshed made amongst them before it coulde be brought to passe as by the Hystories of both nations yet extaunt is casye to be séene Palladius In the time of Coelestine Bishop of Rome one Palladius The first attempt of the Bish of Rome to bring Scotlande vnder hys obedience a Grecian borne to whome Cyrill wrote hys Dialogue de adoratione in spiritu sometime disciple to Iohn the 24. Bishop of Ierusalem came ouer from Rome into Brytaine there to suppresse the Pellagien heresye which not a little molested the Orthodoxes of that Iland And hauing done much good in the extinguishing of the aforesayd opinioÌ„ there he went at the last also into Scotlande supposing no lesse but after he had trauailed somewhat in confutation of the Pelagiens in those partes he shoulde easilye perswade that crooked nation to admit and receiue the rytes of the church of Rome as he woulde faine haue done beforehande in the south Fastidius Bishop of London But as Fastidius Bishop of LondoÌ„ and his Suffragans resisted him here so dyd the Scottish Prelates withstande him here also in this behalfe howbeit because of the authoritie of his commisson grauitie of personage the great gift which he had in the vayne of pleasaunt perswasion whereby he drewe the people after him as Orpheus did the stones with his Harpe and Hercules such as hearde him by his tongue they had hym in great admiration are nowe contented the rather also for that he came froÌ„ Rome to take him for their chiefe Apostle Palladiâ—…e accomptâ—… for the Apostle of Scottes returning from hys comming vnto them as from the fayth receiued which was in the 431. yeare of Christ as the truth of theyr History doth very well confirme Thus wée sée what religion hath from time to time béene receiued in this Islande and howe and when the faith of Christ came first into our country Howbeit as in processe of time it was ouershadowed and corrupted with the dreames and fantasticall imaginations of man so it daily waxed woorse woorse till that it pleased God to restore the preaching of his Gospell againe in our dayes wherby the man of sinne is nowe openly reuealed and the puritye of the worde once agayne brought to light to the vtter ouerthrowe of Sathan and his Popish adherentes that honour him day and night Of the number and names of such salt Islands as lye dispersed rounde about vppon the coast of Brytaine Cap. 8. THere are néere vnto or not verye farre from the coasts of Brytaine many faire Islandes whereof Irelande with hir neighbors not here haÌ„dled séeme to be the chiefe But of y e reast some are much larger or lesse then other diuers in lyke sort enuironed continually with the salt sea whereof I purpose onely to intreate although not a few of them be Ilands but at the floude other finally be clipped partely by the fresh and partly by the salt water or by the freshe alone whereof I may speake afterwarde Of these salt Islandes for so I call them that are enuyroned with the Ocean-waues some are fruitefull in Wood Corne Wildefoule and pasture grounde for Cattel albeit that manye of them be accounted barren because they are only replenished with conies those of sundry collors cherished of purpose by the owners for their skinnes carcases and prouysion of housholde wythout eyther man or woman otherwise inhabiting in them Furthermore the greatest number of these Islandes haue Townes and parishe Churches within theyr seuerall precinctes some mo some lesse and beside all thys are so inriched with commodities that they haue pleasant hauens freshe springes great store of fishe and plentye of Cattell whereby the inhabitants doe reape no small aduantage How many they are in nuÌ„ber I caÌ„not as yet determine bycause myne informations are not so fully set down as the promises of some on the side myne expectation on the other did exteÌ„d vnto Howbeit y e first of al there are certeine which lie néere togither as it were by heaps clusters I hope 〈◊〉 will rediliy deny Nesiadae Insule Scylurum Sileustrae Syllanae Sorlingae Sylley Hebrides Hebudes Meuanie Orchades Of these also those called y e Nesiadae Insulae Scylurum Sileustrae Syllanae nowe y e sorlings and Isles of Silley lying beyond Cornwall are one and conteineth in number one hundred fourtye seauen eche of them bearing grasse besides shelfers and shallowes In like sort the company of the Hebrides are another which are sayd to be 43. situate vpon the west side of this Island betwéene Ireland and Scotland and of which there are some that repute Anglesey Mona Gaesaris other lying betwéene them to be percell in theyr corrupted iudgement The thirde cluster or bunche consisteth of those that are called the Orchades and these lye vpon the
thinges more particulerly as time and trauaile may reueale the truth vnto them and hitherto Lelande whole wordes I dare not alter But another noteth this Camalet or Kenlet to ran by More Liddâ—…om Sned Church-stocke Chirbury Walcote and Winsbiry and so into the Sauerne From hence then and after this confidence it goeth on by Fordon Leighton and Landbrouy toward Meluerley there it méeteth with sundry waters in one chanell Tauet wherof the one called the Tauet is a very prety water wherinto the Peuerey or Murnewy doth fall Peuery or Murnewy Auerney which desceÌ„deth from the hils by west of Matrafall not farre from Lhan Filin the other Auerny and ioyning beneath Abertannoth or aboue Lannamonach nere vnto the ditch of Offa it is not long ere they méete with the Mordant brook Mordaunt and there loose their names so soone as they ioyne and mixe their waters with it The hed of y e Mordant issueth out of Lanuerdan hils where diuers say that the paroche church of crosse Oswald or Oswester sometimes stood Certes Oswester is 13. miles northwest froÌ„ Shrewsbury and conteyneth a myle within the walles It hath in like sort foure suburbs or great stréetes of whiche one is called Stratlan another Wulliho the third Beterich wherin are 140. barnes standyng on a row belonging to the citizens or burgesses and the fourth named the black gate stréete in which are 30. barnes mainteyned for corn and hay There is also a brooke running thorough the towne by the crosse comming froÌ„ Simons well Simons beeke a bowe shot without the wall and goyng vnder y e same betwene Thorow-gate and Newgate it runneth also vnder the blacke gate There is an other in lyke sorte ouer whose course the Baderikes or Beterich gate standeth and therfore called Bederich brooke Bederiche The third passeth by the Willigate or Newgate and these fall altogether with the crosse brooke a myle lower by south into the Mordant that runneth as I sayd by Oswester From hence also it goeth to Mordant towne and betwéene Landbreuy Meluerley doth fall into the Sauerne After this our principall streame goeth to Sheauerdon castle Mountford and Bicton chappell and here it receiueth a water on the left hande that riseth of two heds whereof one is aboue Merton the other at Ellismere and ioynyng betwéene Woodhouses and Bagley the confluence runneth on by Radnall HaltoÌ„ Teddesmer Roiton Baschurch Walford Grafton Mitton and so into the Sauerne From hence it runneth to Fitz Eton or Leyton Barwijc Vpper Rossall Shelton and so to Shrewsbury where it crosseth the Mele water whose head as I heare is sayd to bée in Weston Mele. The Mele therfore rising at Weston goeth by Brocton Worthen Aston Pigot Westley Asterley and at Lea it méeteth with the Haberley water Haberley that coÌ„meth down by Pontesford and Aunston After this confluence also it runneth to Newenham and Crokemels there taking in a ril on y e other side that descendeth by Westbury Stretton thence goyng on to Hanwood Noball Pulley Bracemele and Shrewsbury it falleth as I sayd into the open Sauerne From hence our Sauerne hasteth to Vffington Preston and betwéene Chilton and Brampton taketh in the Terne a faire stream and worthy to be well handled if it lay in me to performe it This riuer riseth in a Mere beside Welbridge park néere vnto Tern Mere village in Staffordshire FroÌ„ whence it runneth by the parkes side to Knighton Norton Betton 〈◊〉 and at Draiton Hales crosseth with a water commyng from aboute Adbaston where M. Brodocke dwelleth and runneth by Chippenham and Amming so that the Terne on the one side 〈◊〉 and this brooke on the other do inclose a great part of Blore hâ—…th where a noble battaile was soÌ„etime purposed betwéene king Henry the vj. and y e Duke of Yorke but it wanted execution But to procéede after this confluence it runneth to Draiton Hales Ternehill bridge ere long takyng in a ril from Sandford by Blechley it goeth to Stoke Allerton Peplaw and Eaton where it crosseth with a brooke that ryseth about Brinton and goyng by Higham â–ª Morton the great Mere Forton Pilson Pickstocke Keinton Tibberton and Bolaâ—… it ioyneth with the said Terne not far from Water Vpton Thence passing to Crogenton it meteth with another brooke that commeth from Chaltwen Aston by Newportâ—… Longford Aldney and so thorow the Wilde moore to Kinesley and Sléepe and finally into the Terne which hasteth from thence to Eston bridge and nere vnto Walcote taketh in the Roden 〈◊〉 This water riseth at Halton in Cumber méere lake and commyng to Auerley crosseth a rill from Cowlemere by Leniall Thence it goeth to Horton 〈◊〉 and ioyning with another rill beneth Nâ—…melay that commeth from Midle runneth on to Wen Aston there crossing a rill beneth Lacon hall from Préesward and so to â—…ée Beffordâ—… Stanton Morton Shabrée Paynton RodeÌ„ Rodington and then into Terne that runneth from thence by Charlton Vpton Nâ—â—ton Baâ—…wijc Accham so into y e Sauerne two miles beneath Shrewsbery as I wéene Thus haue I described the Terne in suche wyse as my simple skill is able to performe Now it resteth that I procéede on as I may with the Sauerne streame with which after this former confluence it goth vnto Roxater Brampton Eaton vpon Sauerne 〈◊〉 Draiton where it ioyneth-with the Euerne that ruÌ„neth from Frodesleyward by Withiâ—…ll Pitchford Cressedge Garneston Leighton and betwéene the two Bildaâ—â—es crosseth the â—…he or Wâ—…ulâ—â—ke water 〈…〉 and so goeth vnto Browsley and Hoord parke where it vniteth it selfe with another brooke to be described in this place whilest the Sauerne rest and recreate it selfe here among the pleasaunt bottomes This water ryseth aboue Tongcastle and ere it haue run any great distaunce from the hed it méeteth with a rill commyng by Shiriffe Hales and Staunton Thence it goeth on to Hatton Royton there crossing another from Woodhouses â—…beck coÌ„myng by Haughton and Euelin it procéedeth to Bechebiry and Higford and not omitting here to crosse y e Worse that runneth vnto it out of Snowdon pole it passeth forth to Badger Acleton Ringleford and so into Sauerne somewhat aboue Bridgenorth except myne information deceiue me â—…brok From Bridgenorth our Sauerne descendeth to Woodbury Quatford and there taking in the Marbrooke beneath Eaton that riseth aboue Collaton and goeth by Moruil and VndertoÌ„ it runneth by Didmanston Hempton Aueley and beneath in the way to Bargate crosseth with a brooke commyng from Vpton parke by Chetton Billingsley and Highley which beyng admitted it holdeth on to Areley Cyarnewood parke Hawbache and Dowlesse Here also it méeteth with the Dowlesse water â—…sse a pretye brooke issuyng out of Cle hils in Shropshire which are 3. myles from Ludlow and running thorow Clehiry park in Wire forrest and takyng with all the Lempe â—…e doth fall into the Sauerne not very far from Bewdley But to procéede From
brynge out none but rather buy vppe that which the poore bring vnder pretence of séede corne because one wheat often sowen without chaunge of séede will soone decay and be conuerted into darnell For this cause therefore they must néedes buy in the markettes though they be twentye myles of and where they be 〈◊〉 knowne promising there to send so much to theyr next market to performe I wote not when If thys shyft serue not neither doth the foxe vse alwayes one tracke for feare of a snare they wil compound w t some one of the towne where the market is holden who for a pot of hufcappe or mery go downe wyll not let to buy it for them that in his owne name Or else they wage one poore man or other to become a bodger thereto get him a lycence vpon some forged surmize which being done they will féede him with money to buy for them till he hath filled theyr losses and then if he can doe any good for himselfe so it is if not they wyll gyue him somewhat for his paines at this â—…yâ—…le and reserue him for another yeare How many of these prâ—…ders stumble vppon blynde créekes at the sea cost I wote not well but that some haue so done vnder other mens winges the cause is to playne But who dare finde faulte with theÌ„ when they haue once a lycence though it be but so serue a meane Gentlemans house with corne who hath cast vp at his talage because he bâ—…astreth how he can buy his graine in y e market better cheape theÌ„ he can sâ—…w his laÌ„d as the 〈◊〉 grasier often doth also vpon y e like deuise If any man come to buy a bushel or two for his expences vnto y e market crosse aunswere is made forsooth here was one euen nowe that badde me money for it and I hope he will haue it And to saye the truth these bodgers are faire 〈◊〉 for there are no more words with them but let me sée it what shall I giue you knitiâ—… it vp I will haue it go câ—…ry it to such a chamber But to 〈◊〉 by this â—…yâ—…ke this poore occupieâ—… hath all 〈◊〉 his croppe for 〈◊〉 of money beyng 〈…〉 againe 〈◊〉 longe And 〈…〉 the whole sale of corne in the great 〈◊〉 handes â–ª who hytherto 〈…〉 lyttle 〈◊〉 of their own 〈…〉 men so much as they 〈…〉 Hencefoorth also they begin to 〈…〉 by the quarter or made at the first For maring of the market but by the 〈◊〉 or two or an 〈…〉 the most therby to be 〈◊〉 â—…o kéepe the market eyther for a shewe or to made men â—…geâ—… to buy and so as they maye haue it for money not to regarde what they pay And thus corne 〈◊〉 deare but it will be dearer the next 〈…〉 day It is possible also that they myslyke the pryce in the begynnyng for whole yeare 〈◊〉 as mâ—…n 〈◊〉 that corne 〈…〉 of better price in the next 〈…〉 wyll they threshe out thrée partes of 〈…〉 corne toward the 〈…〉 when newe commeth a 〈◊〉 to hande and cast the same into the fourth vnthreshed where it shall lye vntyll the next Spryng or peraduenture tyll it must 〈…〉 Or else they â—â—ill gyrde their 〈◊〉 of by the hand and stâ—…cke it vp of newe in 〈…〉 to th ende it may not onely appeare lesse in quantity but also gyue place to the corne that is yet to come into the â—…arne or growing the field If there happen to be such plentye in the market vpon any 〈◊〉 day that they can not â—…ell at their owne 〈…〉 they set it vp in some friendes house against an other or the thirde day and not bringe it foorth vntyll they lyke of the 〈◊〉 If they â—…ell any at home beside harder measure it shal be dearer to the poore man by two pence or a groate in a bushell then they maye 〈…〉 in the market But as there things are worthy redresse so I wyshe that God woulde once open their eyes that 〈◊〉 thus to sée there owne errours for as yet some of them lyttle care howe many poore men suffer extreâ—â—â—ie so that they may 〈◊〉 their 〈◊〉 and carye aldaye the gaine I coulde saye more but this is euen ynough and more peraduenture then I shall be well thanked for yet true it is though some 〈◊〉 it no 〈◊〉 This moreouer is to be lamented that one generall measure is not in vse thorowout all Englande but euery 〈◊〉 towne hath in a maner a seuerall measure and the lesser it be the 〈◊〉 sellers it draweth 〈…〉 vnto the same It is oft â—…ounde likewise that diuers 〈…〉 haue one measure to 〈◊〉 by and another to buy withall the lyke is also in weightes Wherfore it were verye good that these two were reduced vnto one standerd that is one bushell one pound one quarter one huÌ„dred one tale one number so should things in time fal into better order fewer causes of contention be mooued in this land But more of this herafter in the next booke where I haue inserted a litle treatize which I sometimes collected of our weights measures and their comparison with those of the auncient Gréekes and Romaines To coÌ„clude therfore in our markets all things are to be solde necessarie for mans vse and there is our prouision made commonly for all the wéeke insuing Therefore as there are no great townes without one wéekely market at the least so there are very fewe of them that haue not one or twoo fayres or more within the compasse of the yeare assigned vnto them by the prince And albeit that some of them are not much better then the common kirkemesses beyonde the sea yet there are diuers not inferiour vnto the greatest martes in Europe as Sturbridge Faire neare to Cambridge Bartholomewe fayre at London Linne mart Cold fayre at Newport pond for cattell and diuers other all which or at the leastwyse the greatest part of them to the end I may with the more ease to the reader lesse trauayle to my self fulfill my taske in their recitall I haue set down according to y e names of the monethes wherin they are holden at y e end of this booke where you shall finde them at large as I borowed the same froÌ„ Stow. Of Armour and Munition Cap. 12. HOw well or how strongly our countrey hath béene furnished in tymes past with armor and artillery it lyeth not in me as of my selfe to make rehearsall Yet that it lacked both in the late tyme of Quéene Mary not onely thexperience of myne elders but also the talke of certaine Spaniards not yet forgotten dyd leaue some manifest notice Vpon the first I néede not stand for few wil denye it For the seconde I haue hearde that when one of the greatest péeres of Spaine espyed our nakednesse in this behalfe and did solemnely vtter in no obscure place that it shoulde be an easie matter in shorte tyme to coÌ„quere England bycause it wanted armor his words were
their hurtes other calling for their sonnes kinâ—…folks and friends that were wanting Many of them forsooke theyr houses and in their desâ—â—â—…ate mâ—â—de set them on fire and 〈◊〉 forth 〈…〉 their 〈◊〉 refuge and safegarde forthwith 〈…〉 of the same left them and sought others 〈◊〉 with diuerse of them â—…ooke counsell togither what they were best to doe one 〈◊〉 they were in hope an other 〈◊〉 they 〈…〉 as people cast into vtter dispayre the beholding of theyr wyues and children oftentymes moued them to attempte some newe enterprise for the preseruation of theyr countrey and liberties And certayne it is that some of them slew their wiues and children as moued thereto with a certayne fonde regard of pitie to ridde them out of further miserie and daunger of thraldome The nexte daye the certayntie of the victory more playnely was disclosed for all was quiet about and no noyse heard any where the houses appeared brenning on each side and such as were sente foorthe to discouer the countrey into euery part thereof sawe not a creature sturring for all the people were auoyded and withdrawen a farre off But nowe of this battell and other the doings of Agricola in the Scottishe Chronicle ye may fynde more at large set foorthe for that which I haue written heere is but to shew what in effect Cornelius Tacitus writeth of y t whiche Agricola dyd heere in Britayne withoute making mention eyther of Scottes or Pictes onely naming them Britaynes Horâ—…stians and Calidonians whiche inhabited in those dayes parte of this Ile which now we call Scotland After that Agricola hadde thus ouerthrowen hys enimies in â—â—pight fielde at the mountayne of Granzeben and that the counâ—â—ey was quite ridde of all appearaunce of enimies bycause the sommer of this eyght yeere of his gouernemente was nowe almost spente â—â—ctor Bo. he broughte hys army into the confynes of the Horrestians whyche inhabited the countreyes nowe cleâ—…ed Angus and Merne â—… Tacitus and there intended to Winter and tooke hostages of the people for assurance of theyr loyaltie and subiection This done he appoynted the Admirall of the nauie to sayle about the Isle whiche accordingly to his commission in that poynte receyued luckily accomplished his enterprise â—…hauen calâ—â— Trutulenâ—â—â— peraduenâ—â—â— Rutuâ—…sis and brought the nauie about agayne into an hauen called Trutulensis In this meane time whilest Iulius Agricola was thus occupyed in Britayne both the Emperoure Vespasian and also his brother 〈◊〉 thus succeeded hym departed this life 〈◊〉 Domisian was elected Emperoure the 〈◊〉 hearing of suche prosperousâ—… succâ—…sse as Agricâ—…la had against the Britaynes 〈◊〉 so 〈…〉 for the thing well done as he 〈◊〉 to coÌ„sider what glory and renowne shoulde redounde to Agricola thereby whiche hee perceyued should muche darken the glosse of hys 〈◊〉 hauyng a priuate person vnder him who in worthynesse â–ª of noble exploytes atchieued farre excelled hys doyngs To fynde remedie herefor therefore he thought not good to vtter hys malice as yet whylst Agricola remayned in Britayne with on 〈…〉 whych so muche fauoured him and that 〈◊〉 good cause sith by his policie and noble conduit the same hadde obteyned so many victories so much honor and such plentie 〈…〉 and â—â—ties Wherevppon to dissembâ—◠〈…〉 appoynted to reuoke him foorthâ—… of Britaine â—…s it were to honor hym not only with reserued tryumphes but also with the Lieutenantshippe of Syria which as then was voyde by the death of Atilius Rufus Thus Agricola being conteâ—â—aâ—…nded 〈◊〉 to Rome â–ª desyuâ—…ed his prouinâ—â— vnto his â—â—â—cessor Cneus Trebellius Cneus Trebellius alias Salustius Lucullus as some thinke appointed thereto by the Emperour Domitianus in good quiet and sauegarde Thus may you see in what state Britayne stoode in the dayes of King Marius of whome yet Tacitus maketh no mention at all Some haue written that the City of Chester was builded by this Matius though other as before I haue sayde Fabian thinke rather that it was the worke of Ostorius Scapula their Legate Coyllus COilus the Sonne of 〈…〉 after his fathers deceasse made Kyng of Britayn Coyllus â—…n the yere of our Lord .125 This Coyllus or Coyll was broughte vpâ—…n his youth amongst the Romaynes at Rome 125 where hee spente hys tyme not vnprofitably but applyed hymselfe to learning and seruice in the warres by reason whereof hee was muche honored of the Romaynes â–ª and he likewise honored and loued them so that hee payed his tribute truly all the tyme of hys raigne and therefore lyued in peace and good quiet He was also a Prince of muche bountie and very liberall whereby hee obteyned great loue both of his nobles and commons Colchester builte Some saye that hee made the Towne of Colchester in Essex but other write that Coyll whych reigned next after Asclepeodotus was the first founder of that Towne but by other it shuld seeme to be built long before being called Camalodimum Finally when thys Coyll had raigned the space of .54 yeares hee departed this lyfe at Yorke leauing after him a sonne named Lucius which succeeded in the Kingdome Lucius This Lucius is highly renowmed of the writers for that hee was the firste King of the Britaynes that receyued the faith of Iesus Christ for being inspired by the spirit of grace and truth eueÌ„ from the beginning of hys raigne he somewhat lâ—â—ned to the fauoring of Christian Religion being moued with the manifest miracles whyche the Christians dayly wroughte in witnesse and proofe of their sound and perfect doctrine for euen from the dayes of Ioseph of Aramathia and hys fellowes or what other godly men first taughte the Britaynes the Gospell of our Sauiour there remayned amongst the same Britaynes some Christians which ceassed not to teach Preache the word of God most sincerely vnto them but yet no king amongst them openly professed that Religion till at length this Lucius perceyuyng not only some of the Romayne Lieutenantes in Britayne as Trebellius and Pertinax with other to haue submitted themselues to that profession but also the Emperour himselfe to begin to be fauorable to them that professed it hee tooke occasioÌ„ by their good ensample to giue care more attentiuely to the Gospell and at length sent vnto Eleutherius Bishop of Rome two learned men of the Brittish nation Eluane and Meduin requiring him to sende some suche ministers as might instruct him and his people in the true faith more plentifully and to baptise them according to the rules of the Christian Religion â—…olidor â—…estminster â—…hurch built Ther be that affirme how this Lucius should build the Church of Saint Peter at Westminster though many attribute that acte vnto Sibert King of the East Saxons and write howe the place was then ouergrowen with thornes bushes and thereof tooke the name and was called Thorney They adde moreouer as Harrison sayeth howe Thomas Archbishop of London preached redde and ministred the Sacraments there to such as made resorte vnto him
Brytaines had no weapons to defend themselues except any of them by his strength manhood got the knife of his enimie Amongst other of the Brytaynes there was one Edol Earle of Gloucester Ran. Cestren Fabian or as other haue Chester which got a stake out of an hedge or else where 70. bath Gal. Math West Ran. Cestren and with the same so defended himselfe and layde aboute him that he slue xvij of the Saxons and escaped to the Towne of Ambrie nowe called Salesburie and so saued his owne lyfe Vortiger was taken and kept as prisoner by Hengist till he was constrayned to delyuer vnto Hengist three Prouinces or Countreys of thys Realme that is to witte Kent and Essex or as some write that parte where the south Saxons after did inhabite as Sussex and other the thirde was the Countrey where the Eastangles planted themselues which was in Noffolk and Suffolke Then Hengist being in possession of those three Prouinces suffred Vortigerne to depart and to to be at his libertie William Malmesb wryteth somewhat otherwise of this taking of Vortigerne VVil. Malm. during whose raigne after the deceasse of his sonne Vortimer nothing as should appeare by that which the same Malmesb wryteth was attempted agaynst the Saxons but in the meane tyme sayeth hee Hengist according to the default of mannes nature whiche the more he hath the more hee desyreth by a colourable craft procureth his sonne in lawe Vortigerne to come to a banket to his house wyth three hundred other Brytaynes and when hee had made them well and warme with often quaffing and emptying of Cuppes and of purpose touched euerye of them wyth one bytter taunte or other they first fell to multiplying of malicious wordes and after to blowes so that the Brytaynes were slaine euery mothers sonne so yeelding vp their ghostes euen amongst their pottes The King himselfe was taken and to redeeme himselfe out of pryson gaue to the Saxons three Prouinces and so escaped oute of bondage Thus by what meane soeuer it came to passe truth it is as all wryters agree that Hengist got possession of Kent and of other Countreys in this Realme and beganne to raigne there as absolute Lorde and Gouernour in the yeare of oure Lorde as some wryte 476. 476 aboute the fifth yeare of Vortigerns last raigne but after other which take the begynning of this kingdome of Kent to be when Hengist had first gyft thereof the same Kingdome beganne in the yeare .455 Kingdome of Kent This Kingdome or Lordship of Kent conteyned the countrey that stretcheth from the East Ocean vnto the ryuer of Thames hauing on the Southeast Southerie and vpon the West London vppon the Northeast the Ryuer of Thames aforesayde and the Countrey of Essex Hengist and all other the Saxon kings which ruled as after shall appeare in vij partes of this Realme are called by wryters Reguli that is to say little kings or rulers of some smal dominion so that Hengist is accounted as a little king And when he had got into his handes the foresayde three Prouinces he caused more number of Saxons to come into Brytayne and bestowed them in places abroade in the Countrey by reason whereof the Christian Religion greatlye decayed within the lande for the Saxons being Pagans did what they coulde to extinguish the fayth of Christ The decay of Christian religion and to plant againe in all places theyr heathenish Religion and worshipping of false Goddes and not onely hereby was the true fayth of the Christians brought in daunger dayly to decay but also the erronious opinion of the Pelagians greatly preuayled here amongest the Brytaynes by meanes of suche vnsounde Preachers as in that troublesome season did fit foorth erronious doctrine amongst the people without all maner of reprehension Certayne yeares before the comming of the Saxons Beda that heresie began to spreade within this land very much by the lewde industrie of one Leporius Agricola the sonne of Seuerus Sulpitius as Bale sayth a Bishop of that lore But Pelagius the author of this heresie was borne in Wales and held opinion that a man might obteyne saluation by his owne free wil merit without assistance of grace as he that was borne without originall sinne c. After they were come ouer they did so much what with conuincing the wicked arguments of the aduersaries of the truth by the inuincible power of the worde of God and holynesse of lyfe that those whiche were out of the right way were soone brought into the right path againe About the same time also one Palladins was sent from Celestinus Bishop of Rome Beda Palladius vnto the Scottes to instruct them in the fayth of Christ and to purge them from the Heresie of the sayde Pelagius This Paladius exhorted Constantinus the king of Scottes Constantine king of Scots that in no wise he shoulde ayde the Saxons beeing infidelles agaynst the Brytaines and his exhortation tooke so good effect that the sayd Constantinus did not only forbeare to assyst the Saxons but contrarily holpe the Brytaynes in theyr warres agaynst them the which thing did mainteyne the state of the Brytaynes for a tyme from falling into vtter ruine and decay In the meane time the Saxons renued their league with the Pictes so that their powers being ioyned togither H. Hunt Beda they beginne a fresh to make sore warres vpon the Brytaynes the which of necessitie were constrayned to assemble an armie and mistrusting their owne strength required ayde of the two Bishops Germaine and Lupus The which hasting forwarde with all speede came into the army bringing with them no small hope of good lucke to all the Brytaynes there beeing assembled This was done in Lent and such was the diligence of the Bishops that the people being instructed with continuall preaching in renouncing the error of the Pelagians earnestly came by troupes to receyue the grace of God offered in baptisme so that on Easter day which then ensued the more part of the army was baptised and so went forth against the enimies the which hearing thereof made hast towards the Brytaynes in hope to ouercome them at pleasure But theyr approche being knowne Byshoppe Germaine taketh vpon him the leading of the Brâ—…tish host The armiâ—… 〈◊〉 the Brytiâ—… newly 〈…〉 and ouer agaynst the passage throughe the which the enimies were appoynted to come he chose forth a valley enclosed with high Mountaynes and within the same he placeth his 〈◊〉 washeâ—… armie And when he saw the enimies now at hande he commaunded that euery man with one generall voyce shoulde aunswere him crying alowde the same crie that he should begin And euen as the enimies were readie to giue the charge vpon the Brytaynes supposing that they should haue taken them at vnwares and before any warning had beene giuen sodainly Bishop Germaine and the Priestes with a lowde and shrill voyce cryed Alleluia thrice Alleluia and therewith all the
trust to purchase some large portion of mony in Scotlande Scotland interdited put the same vnder proces of interditing namely he accursed king Alexander most terribly for that he had inuaded England and as he alledged spoyled Churches as well as prophaine places These cursings ◅ inflamed the heartes of the Scottish men with hatred agaynst the Englishemen that the same was not like to haue ended without the vtter destruction and ruine of both their realmes Neuerthelesse at length by the diligent trauayle of the Bishops of Yorke and Salisburie Bishops of Yorke and Salisburie which came vnto king Alexander to treate an agreement a finall peace was concluded vnder these conditions A peace concluded First it was agreed that King Alexander should render the Citie of Carleil into the English mens handes The conditiōs and king Henrie the towne of Barwike vnto the Scottes The whole dominion of Cumberland to remaine vnto king Alexander with the one halfe of Northumberlande to the Recrosse And further that King Alexander shoulde be absolued of the Censures of the Churche which Gualo the Cardinall had denounced agaynst him Thus the two Kings beeing accorded the two foresayde Byshops comming vnto Barwike assoyled King Alexander and deliuered his Realme of the interdiction by suche authoritie as they had procured of the Cardinall Gualo But yet the same Cardinall not mynding to depart with emptie handes The cleargy of Scotland sommoned by cardinal Gualo to come to Anwike summoned all the Prelates of Scotlande to appeare before him at Anwike there to receyue theyr full absolution to the intent by such meanes to trouble them tyll they had disbursed to his vse some large portion of money Sundrie of them which loued quietnesse more than contention satisfyed his mynde but others refused vtterly so to doe taking great indignation that spirituall causes were thus dispatched for money Sale of spirituall promotions ecclesiasticall prefermentes bought and solde no otherwise than secular possessions and prophane dignities The Scottish clergie cited to Rome Incontinently therevpon Gualo cited them to Rome supposing that rather thā to take vpon them so long a iourney they woulde haue compounded with him at his pleasure Notwithstanding they beeing nothing in doubt thereof The cōplaint of the Scottish cleargie to the Pope went vnto Rome and at theyr commyng thyther made vnto the Pope their complaint in most grieuous maner of the insufferable iniuries attempted in England Scotland by his most couetous Legate the foresayde Gualo The auarice of Cardinall Gualo By reason of which complaint and of sundrie such letters and informations as dayly came out of England and Scotland from other Bishoppes and Abbots conteyning right grieuous accusations concerning the insatiable auarice of Gualo the Pope reuoked him home vnto Rome to make answer in his presence vnto such matters as were layd to his charge At his returne thither forsomuch as hee was not able to discharge himselfe of suche manifest crymes wherewith hee was burdened Cardinal Gualo condemned in a summe of money the Pope condemned him in a great summe of money to bee payed as a fine for his trespasse and transgressions And those Scottishe Bishops The Scottish Bishops absolued which were come for their absolution were absolued by the Pope and suffred to depart in peace In this meane tyme Dauid Earle of Huntington Dauid Erle of Huntington deceased brother to William late king of Scots ◅ of whom ye haue heard before howe he went in the iourney made by the Christian Princes into the holy lande deceassed 1219 and was buried within an Abbay in England Henrie king of Englande after he came to yeares of perfite descretion An enterviewe betwixt the kings of Englande and Scotlande shewed himselfe to be more desirous of peace than of warres Wherevpon at Yorke there was a meeting appoynted betwixt him and King Alexander where mutuall alliaunce was accorded betwixt them on this wise Iane the sister of King Henrie was promised to bee giuen in mariage to King Alexander Mariages concluded and two sisters of King Alexander were despoused vnto two great Princes of the English Nobilitie These maryages were thus concluded in the yeare of our Lord 1220. In the yeare next following came a Legate into Scotlande from Pope Honorius A Legate sent from Pope Honorius for a collection with bulles to gather a summe of money towards the furnishing forth of an armie against the Turkes or rather Sarasins This Legate was a Cardinall and named Egidius who hauing purchased no small quantitie of coyne both of the Cleargie and Laitie of Scotland spent the same in riot and outrageous insolencie making his excuse at his returne to Rome A Legate excuse howe it was taken from him by certaine Brygants and robbers Within short while after was an other Legat with semblable commission sent into Scotland from the foresayde Pope An other Legate But king Alexander being aduertised of his comming called a counsell in the whiche one of the Bishops that as should seeme tooke great indignation to see howe couetousnesse raigned in moste shamefull wise amōgst the Romish Legates spake in maner as followeth Howbeeit sundrie considerations there are An oration of a Bishop which might stay me from vttering such things as be moste preindiciall to the common wealth yet most noble Prince when I consider thy humanitie fayth and constancie giuen to nothing more than to the defence and weale of thy true liege people I cannot but for the zeale I beare to common libertie declare the truth for sithe all maner of tyrannie is intollerable yea euen that Tyrannie intollerable which is exercised by Kings or Princes descended by liniall succession to theyr rightfull herytage much more is that tyrannie to bee detested whiche is exercised by men of vile and base lynage Men of base linage Therefore if the sundrie and manifest wrongs done to vs these many yeares now passed had come by the Popes themselues the same might somewhat more sufferably haue beene borne Men of base lynage but sithe naughtie vile persons of base byrth and obscure lynage promoted to benefices and ecclesiasticall dignities onely for theyr wicked and horrible vices haue not onely interdyted our Realme without lawfull commission but haue also consumed in maintenaunce of theyr wanton and insolent vices that money whiche they gathered in our Countrey by the Popes authoritie vnder colour of raysing and army to goe agaynst the Turkes and Infidels I am of this opinion that theyr cursed auarice ought to haue no further place amongst faythfull people specially amongst vs whose simplicitie and humblenesse they haue in contempt In the yeares passed ye complayned of the iniuries done by Gualo The Scottes sore offended against Gualo when he had put your Realme vnder the censure of interdyting and the most part of your prelates vnder the curse bycause they would not answere him of
ecclesiastical persons towards y e ayde of y e ChristiaÌ„s then being in y e holy land al such as wel of y e nobilitie as other of the meaner sort which had taken vpoÌ„ them y e crosse secretly laide it downe were compelled eftsones to receyue it now again Voseaâ—… weather There chanced also this yeare wonderfull tempests of thunder lightning hayle abundance of rayne in such wise y e mens minds were greatly astonied therwith meddows and marsh grounds were quite ouerflowen bridges broken and borne downe and greate quantitie of corne and hay lost and carried away dyuers men and women drowned Margaret mother of Constance Duches of Britayne sister to William King of Scottes and mother to Henry Boun Erle of Hereford deceassed Fabiâ—… This yere also by the councell and aduice of the Burgesses of London there were chosen fiue and thirtie of the most substanciall and wisest men which after the report of some writers were called the councel of the Citie of London out of whiche number the Maior and Bailifes were yerely chosen Math. 〈◊〉 120â—… In the yere .1202 K. Iohn held his Christmas at ArgeÌ„ton in NormaÌ„dy and in the Lent following he and the French K. met togither nere vnto y e Castell of Gulleton and there in talke had betweene them he commanded K. Iohn with no small arrogancie contrary to his former promise to restore vnto his nephew Arthur Duke of Britaine all those landes now in his possession on that side the Sea which K. Iohn earnestly denied to doe The Frâ—… K. beâ—… to maâ—… againâ—… Iohn wherevpon the French K. immediately after began war against him tooke Buteuaunt Angi and the Castel of Linos Moreouer he besieged y e Castel of Radepont for y e space of eight days till K. Iohn came thither forced him to repart with much dishonor Howbeit after this the FreÌ„ch K. wan Gourney then returning to Paris he appointed certaine persons to haue y e gouernaÌ„ce of y e foresaid Arthur Duke of Britain then sent him forth with two C. men of armes into Poictou y t he might bring y e countrey also vnder his subiection â—…lidor â—…ugh Earle of â—…arche Hereupon Hugh le Brun Erle of Marche vnto whom Queene Isabell the wife of King Iohn had beene promised in mariage before that king Iohn was motioned vnto hir and therefore bare an inwarde displeasure towards the king of England for that he had so bereft him of his promised spouse being now desirous to procure some trouble also vnto king Iohn ioineth himself with Arthure Duke of Britaine The Poictaâ—…ns reuolt froÌ„â—…ing Iohn and findeth meanes to cause them of Poictou a people euer subiect to rebellion to reuolt from king Iohn and to take armor agaynst him so that the yong Arthur being encouraged with this newe supplie of associates first goeth into Touraine and after into Aniou â—…rthure proâ—…imeth himselfe Erle of â—…niou c. compelling both those countreyes to submit themselues vnto him and proclaymed hymself Erle of those places by commission graunt obteyned from king Philip. King Iohn hauing got this victorie and taken his nephew Arthure he wrote the maner of that his successe vnto his Barons in England in forme as followeth Iohn by the grace of God king of England and Lorde of Irelande to all his Barons sendeth greeting Knowe ye that we by Gods good fauour are in sounde and perfect health and thorowe Gods grace that maruellouslye worketh with vs on Tuesday before Lammasse day wee being before the Citie of Mauns were aduertised that our mother was besieged in Mirabeau and therefore we hasted so fast as we possible might so that wee came thither on Lammasse daye and there wee tooke our nephew Arthure Hugh le Brun De Castre Eralde Andrewe de Chauenye the Vicont of Chateau Eralde Reymonde de Tovars Sauary de Mauleon and Hugh Bangi and all other enimies of Poictou that were there assembled agaynst vs 252. knightes or men of aâ—…mes beside demelances to the number of two hundred knightes and aboue so that not one of them escaped Giue God therefore thankes and reioyce at our good successe The Frenche king at the same time lying at siege before Arques immediately vpon the newes of this ouerthrowe raysed from thence and returned homewardes destroyed all that came in his waye till hee was entred into his owne Countrey It is sayde that king Iohn caused his nephew Arthure to be brought before him at Falaise An. Roâ—… and there went aboute to perswade him all that hee coulde to forsake his friendship and alliance with the French king and to leane and sticke to him being his naturall vncle but Arthur like one that wanted good counsel and abounding too much in his owne wilfull opinion made a presumptuous answere not onely denying so to do but also coÌ„maunded King Iohn to restore vnto him the realme of Englande with all those other landes and possessions which king Richarde had in hys hand at the houre of his death For sith the same apperteyned to him by right of inheritance he assured him except restitutioÌ„ were made the sooner hee shoulde not long continue in rest and quiet King Iohn being sore amoued with such words thus vttred by his nephew appointed as before is sayde that he shoulde be straytely kept in prison as first in Falais and after at Roan within the new Castell there It was also bruyted that his bodie was buryed in the Monasterie of Saint Androwes of the Cisteaux order But when the Brytaines were nothing pacifyed but rather kindled more vehemently to worke all the mischiefe they could deuise in reuenge of their Soueraignes death there was no remedie but to signifie abroade againe that Arthure was as yet lyuing and in health And when the king heard the truth of all thys matter he was nothing displeased for that his commaundement was not executed sithe there were diuerse of hys Captaynes which vttered in plaine wordes that he shoulde not finde knightes to keepe his Castelles if he dealt so cruelly with his nephew For if it chaunced any of them to bee taken by the king of Fraunce or other their aduersaryes they shoulde be sure to tast of the like cup. But nowe touching the maner in very deede of the ende of this Arthur wryters make sundrie reportes But certaine it is that in the yeare next ensuyng hee was remoued from Falais vnto the Castell or Tower of Rouen oute of the which there was not â—…ye that woulde confesse that euer he saw him aliue Some haue written that as hee assayed to haue escaped â—…ut of prison and prouing to climbe ouer the walles of the Castell hee fell into the Ryuer of Sayne and so was drowned Other write that through verie griefe and languor hee pyned away and died of naturall sicknesse But some affyrme that King Iohn secretely caused him to be murthered and made away so as it is
An inhibition procured by the king of the Pope procured an inhibition that no Archbishop nor Bishop shoulde compell any officer belonging to the King to follow any suyte afore them for those things that apperteyned to the kings iurisdiction or giue sentence agaynste them for the same The Monday before the Rogation weeke Richarde the kings brother Erle of Cornewaâ—… The 〈◊〉 Coâ—… 〈◊〉 the Pope returned from the Court of Rome where he had beene about certaine businesse vnknowne to most men but whatsoeuer the same was the Pope gaue him most courteous and honourable intertainment for his welcom and made to him great chear during his abode at Lion where the Popes Court as then lay About this season the king to ridde himselfe out of debt wherein he was endaungered to certaine marchants lessened the charges of his housholde and kept but a meane port diminishing euen the accustomed almes of the poore The kâ—…â—…reth to 〈◊〉 himselfe 〈◊〉 of dâ—… and also the greate number of Tapers and lyghtes in his Chappell so that he was noted wyth the blame of too muche nygardly sparyng and pynching but in that hee discharged his debt to the Marchants he was thought to doe wisely and charitably for that he would not see them hyndered is whom he was so indebted Aboute the same tyme also The 〈◊〉 caâ—… helpe 〈◊〉 withâ—… hee caused the Iewes to gyue vnto him a great portion of their goodes so that they were greatly impouerished There was one of them named Aaron borne in Yorke the whiche since the Kings laste returne out of Gascoigne had payed to the King the summe of thirtie thousand Markes Mat. 〈◊〉 ouer and besides two hundred Markes which he had giuen to the Queene as the same Aaron protested to Marthew Paris vpon his fayth and truth which he bare to his law In the Whitsunweeke was a generall Chapiter holden of the Friers preachers A geneâ—… chapter oâ—… Friers â—…cheâ—… at London in Holborne where out of sundrye partyes of the Worlde were assembled aboue foure hundred of them and they had meate and drink found them of almes bycause they possessed nothing of theyr owne The first day the king came into their Chapiter that he might be partaker of theyr prayers and founde them meate and drynke that daye and dyned there with them to do them the more honour Another day the Queene likewise fedde them afterwardes the Bish of London the Abbots of Westminster Saint Albon and Waltham with other About the same season the Citizens of London founde themselues agreeued verye sore Mat. Pâ—… Striâ—… 〈◊〉 the Lonâ—… and the 〈◊〉 of Wâ—… for such liberties as the king graunted to the Abbot of Westminster to the great hinderance and decay of the franchises of their Citie The Maior communaltie resisted in all that they might agaynst those liberties and finally by the good helpe and fauour of the Lordes as the Earles of Cornwall and Leycester they obteyned theyr purpose â—…iam de â—…nny keeâ—… of the â—…r seale This yeare maister William de Kilkenny a sober faythfull and learned man was made keeper of the great seale The same yeare vpon inquisition made by Geffrey de Langley one of the kings counsaile of transgressors in forrests and chases many that had offended were presented and most grieuously punished by imprisonment fines and exceeding great amerciaments and namely in the North Countrey â—…ert de â—…nton deâ—…eth this 〈◊〉 The .xix. day of May died Robet de Lerinton Clearke the which hauing continued a long time in the office of a Iudge purchased to himself great fame and also most large possessions But certaine yeares before his death bycause he was diseased with the Palsey he gaue ouer that office and drewe himselfe into a quiet trade of lyfe so ending his dayes in prayers and doing of almes deedes About the feast of S. Margaret The Lorde Henry Hastings deceaseth Robert Muschampe died Henrie Hastings a noble Baron and one Robert de Muschampes a man of greate renoume in the North parties Also Walter Bishop of Wynchester departed this lyfe about the feast of Saint Mathew Athelmare the kings half brother made Bi. of Winchest in whose place through the kings earnest sute his halfe brother Athelmare was promoted to succeede On the first day of October the Moone vpon hir change appearing exceeding red and swelled beganne to shewe tokens of the great tempest of winde that followed â—…ightie â—…de whiche was so huge and mighty both by land and sea that the like had not bin lightly knowne nor seldome or rather neuer heard of by men then aliue The sea forced contrarie to hir natural course flowed twice without ebbing â—…t Par. yeelding such a roaring noyse that the same was heard not without great wonder a farre distance from the shore Moreouer the same sea appeared in the darke of the night to burne as it had beene on fire â—…e sea seeâ—… to burne and the wanes to striue and fight togither after a maruellous sort so that the mariners coulde not deuise howe to saue theyr shippes where they lay at ankre â—…s lost by no cunning nor shift which they could deuise â—…tburne At Hertburne three tall shippes perished without recouerie besides other smaller vesselles â—…chelsey At Winchelsey besides other hurt that was done in bridges milnes breakes and banks there were three hundred houses with some Churches drowned with the high rysing of the water course The country of Hollande in Lyncolnshire and Holland beyonde the sea and the Marish lande in Flaunders susteyned inestimable domage in many other places by reason that riuers beaten backe and repulsed by the rysing of the sea swelled so on high that they ouerflowed theyr chanels much hurt was done in Medowes Brigges Mylnes and houses About the beginning of the .xxxv. yeare of king Henries raigne An. Reg. 35. The practise of the Bishops to disappoynt the Archb. of Cant. of his purpose the Bishops of Englande vnderstanding that the Archbishop of Canterburie was about to purchase of the Pope a graunt to gather money through his whole prouince of the Cleargie and people for Sinodes and procuracies they thought to preuent him and therfore made a collection euery one through hys owne Dioces of two pence of euery marke which any beneficed man might dispende which money so collected they ment to employ about charges in the Popes Court for the stay of the Archbishops suyte that the graunt should not passe A earthquake at S. Albons About the same time to witte vpon Saint Lucies day there was a great Earthquake at S. Albons and in the parties there aboutes with a noyse vnder the ground as though it had thuÌ„dred This was straunge and maruellous bycause the ground there is chalky and sound not hollow nor loose as those places be where Earthquakes for the most part happen Doues Rookes and other birdes that sat vpon houses and in
a chayre at the tyme of their Coronation whyche Kyng Edwarde caused nowe to be transferred to Westminster and there placed to serue for a Chayre for the Priest to sit in at the Aulter The Kyng comming to Berwike called thither vnto a Parliament all the Nobles of Scotlande and there receiued of them their homages The 〈◊〉 of Scoâ—… feâ—…â—…selues 〈◊〉 King the whyche in perpetuall witnesse of the thyng made letters patents thereof written in French and sealed with their seales as the tenor him followeth A Touz ceux que cestes lettres verront uront c. TO all those that these present letters shall see or heare we Iohn Comin of Badenaw The iâ—…meâ—… of 〈◊〉 homâ—… the lanâ—… Scotlandâ—… K. Eâ—… c. Bycause that wee at the faithe and will of the most noble Prince and our dearest Lorde Edwarde by the grace of God Kyng of England Lorde of Irelande and Duke of Aquitaine doe vowe and promise for vs and our heires vppon payne of body and goodes and of all that wee may haue that wee shall serue him well and truly against all men whiche maye liue and die at all tymes when we shall bee required or warned by our said Lord the Kyng of Englande or hys heires and that wee shall not know of any hurte to bee done to them but the same wee shall lette and impeach with all our power and giue them warning thereof and those things to holde and keepe wee binde vs our heires and al our goodes and further receyue an oth thereof vpon the holy Euangelistes and after all wee and euery of vs haue done homage vnto oure soueraigne Lorde the King of Englande in wordes as followeth I become your liegeman of life members The sâ—… their lâ—… and earthly honor against all men which maye lyue and die And the same oure soueraigne Lorde the King receyued this homage vnder thys forme of wordes The 〈◊〉 King 〈◊〉 accepâ—… We receyue it for the land of the whiche you bee nowe seased the righte of vs or other saued and excepte the landes whiche Iohn Ballioll sometime Kyng of Scotland graunted vnto vs after that we did deliuer vnto him y e kingdome of Scotlande if happely hee hathe giuen to you any suche landes Moreouer all wee and euery of vs by hymselfe haue done fealtie to oure saide soueraigne Lord the Kyng in these wordes I as a faythfull and liege man shall keepe faith and loyaltie vnto Edward Kyng of England and to his heires of life member and earthly honor againste all men whiche may liue and die and shall neuer for anye person beare armour nor shall be of councell nor in ayde with anye person againste hym or hys heyres in any case that maye chaunce but shall faithfully acknowledge and doe the seruice that belongeth to the tenementes the which I claime to holde of hym as God me helpe and all hys Saintes I witnesse whereof these letters pattentes are made and sygned with our seales Yeuen at Warke the foure and twentith of Marche in the yeare of the reigne of oure sayde Lord the Kyng of Englande â—…ficers apâ—…ynted in â—…tlande by â—…ng Iohn Then was Iohn Warren Earle of Surrey and Sussex made by Kyng Edward warden of Scotlande Hugh Cressingham Threaforer and William Ormesdy high Iustice whome the King commaunded that hee shoulde call all those before him whyche helde any landes of the Crowne and to reteyne oâ—… them in hys name theyr homages and fealties Iohn Ballioll the late Kyng of Scotlande was sent to London Iohn Ballioll sent to London and had a conâ—…nt company of seruauntes appoynted to aâ—…de hym hauyng licence to goe anye whether abroade to that hee kepte hym selfe wâ—…hâ—… the 〈◊〉 of twentie miles neere to London Iohn Câ—… of Badenaw and Iohn Edmni of Lowan and diuers otheâ—… nobles of Scotlande were brought into Englande on the South side of Ticut being warned vpoÌ„ payne of death not to returne into Scotlande till the King â—…d made an ende of his warres with Fraunce The Cleargie by reason of a coÌ„stitution ordeyned and constituted the same yeare by Pope Boniface â—…e pretenâ—… excuse of 〈◊〉 Cleargie prohibiting vpon payne of excommunication that no â—…asages nor other exactions should beleiued or exalted of the Cleargie in any manner of wise by secular Princes or to be paid to them of things that perteyned to the Church vtterly refused to graunte any manner of ayde to the King towardes the manie gâ—…aunce of hys warres Wherevppon the Kyng to the intent they shoulde haue tyme to study for a better aunswer deferred the matter to an other Parliamente to bee holden on the morrowe after the feast of Saint Hillarie This yeare after the feast of the Epiphany An. reg 25. 1297. The Earle of Holland married Elizabeth the kings daughter Elizabeth the Kings daughter was married vnto Iohn Earle of Holland Humfrey de Bohun Earle of Hereford and Essex was sente to conuey them into Hollande there to take possession of the Earledome as then discended vnto the said Iohn by the death of his father lately before slayne by his owne â—…usheâ—…s by cause he woulde haue disinherited this Iohn and made a bastarde sonne whiche hee hadde to be his heire The daye appoynted for the Parliamente to bee holden at London bring coâ—…e and the Cleargie continuing in their deâ—…an to graunt anye subsedy the King exluded them out of his protection for the redeeming whereof many by themselues and many by mediators did afterwardes giue vnto the King truth parte of all their goodes The Archbishop of Caunterbury being found stiffe in the matter the Kyng seased all his landes and commaunded all suche debtes as were founde of his in the rolles of the Exchequer to bee leuied with all speede of his goodes and cattayle Abingdon The Archbyshoppe his wordes Some write that when the Archbishop of Caunterburie in name of all the residue hadde declared to them whome the Kyng had appoynted commissioners to receyue the aunswere that whereas they of the Cleargie hadde two soueraigne Lordes and gouernoures the one in spirituall matters and the other in temporall they ought yet rather to obey theyr Spirituall gouernoure than their Temporall Neuerthelesse to satisfye the Kynges pleasure they woulde of theyr owne charges sende to the Pope that by hys licence and permission they myghte graunte the Kyng some aide or else receyue some aunswere from hym what to doe therein for sayeth the Archbyshoppe wee beleeue that the Kyng feareth the sentence of excommunicatioÌ„ and would be as glad to auoyde it as we When the Commissioners hearde this aunswere they required that they woulde appoynte some of theyr owne company to beare this message vnto the Kyng for they durst not reporte it vnto hym which being done as the Commissioners had required the Kyng in his furie proceeded agaynste them in suche rigorous manner as yee haue hearde The declaration of the Lord chiefe Iustice in so muche that
quarell forthwith discouered his enterprice causing the articles aforesayde to be set vp in the publike streetes of the Citie of York and vpon the gates of the monasteries that eche man might vnderstande the cause that moued him to rise in armes agaynst the king the reforming whereof did not yet apperteyne vnto him Herevpon knights esquiers gentlemen yeomen and other of the commons as wel of the citie townes and countries about being allured either for desire of change or else for a desire to see a reformation in such things as were mētioned in the articles assembled togither in great numbers The Archbi in armour and the Archbishop comming forth amongst thē clad in armor encouraged exhorted by al meanes he coulde pricked them forth to take the enterprice in hand and manfully to continue in the begon purpose promising forgiuenesse of sinnes to all thē whose hap was to die in the quarel and thus not only all the Citizens of York but all other in the countries about that were able to bear weapon came to the Archbishop and to the Erle Marshal In deed the respect that men had to the Archbishop The estimatiō which men had of the Archbi of Yorke caused them to like the better of the cause since the grauitie of his age his integrity of life and incomparable learning with the reuerend aspect of his amiable personage moued al men to haue him in no small estimation The king aduertised of these matters meaning to preuent them left his iourney into Wales and marched with al speed towards the north partes Also Raufe Neuill Erle of Westmerlande The Erle of westmerland the L. Iohn of Lancaster the kings son prepare thēselues to resist the kings enemies that was not farre off togither with the lorde Iohn of Lācaster the kings sonne being enformed of this rebellious attempt assembled togither such power as they might make togither with those which were appoynted to attend on the said Lord Iohn to defend the borders agaynst the Scottes as the Lord Henry Fitz Hugh the Lord Raufe Euers the Lorde Robert Vmfrevill and others made forward agaynst the rebels The forest of Galtree and comming into a plaine within the forest of Galtree caused theyr standarts to bee pight downe in like sort as the Archbishop had pight his ouer agaynst them being farre stronger in number of people than the other for as some write there were of the rebels at the least .xx. thousand men The subtil policy of the erle of westmerlād When the Erle of Westmerlande perceyued the force of the aduersaries and that they lay still and attempted not to come forwarde vpon him he subtilly deuised how to quail their purpose and foorthwith dispatched Messengers vnto the Archbyshoppe to vnderstande the cause as it were of that greate assemble and for what cause contrary to the kings peace they came so in armor The Archbi protestation where he had on him armes The Archbishop answered that he tooke nothing in hande agaynst the kings peace but that whatsoeuer he did tended rather to aduaunce the peace and quiet of the common wealth than otherwise and where he and his companie were in armes it was for feare of the king to whom hee could haue no free accesse by reason of suche a multitude of flatterers as were about him and therefore hee mainteyned that his purpose was good and profitable as well for the king himselfe as for the realme if men were willing to vnderstand a truth and herewith hee shewed forth a skroll in whiche the articles were written wherof before ye haue heard The Messengers returning vnto the Earle of Westmerlande shewed him what they had heard and brought from the Archbishop When he had read the articles hee shewed in worde and countenaunce outwardly that he lyked of the Archbyshoppes holy and vertuous intent and purpose promising that he and his woulde prosecute the same in assysting the Archbishop who reioycing hereat gaue credite to the Earle and perswaded the Earle Marshall agaynst hys will as it were to go with him to a place appoynted for them to common togyther Here when they were mette with like number on eyther part the articles were tead ouer and without any more adoe the Earle of Westmerlande and those that were with him agreed to doe theyr best to see that a reformation might be had according to the same The Erle of Westmerlands politicke dealing The Earle of Westmerlande vsing more policie than the rest well sayde he then our trauaile is come to the wished ende and where oure people haue beene long in armour let them depart home to their wonted trades and occupations in the meane time let vs drinke togyther in signe of agreement that the people on bothe sydes may see it and know that it is true that we be light at a poynt They had no sooner shaked handes togither but that a knight was sent streight wayes from the Archb. to bring worde to the people that there was peace concluded commaunding eche man to lay aside armes to resort home to their houses The people beholding such tokens of peace a◅ shaking of handes and drinking togither of the Lordes in louing maner they being alreadie awearied with the vnaccustomed trauaile of war brake vp their fielde and returned homewardes but in the meane time whilest the people of the Archbishops side withdrew away the number of the contrarie part increased according to order giuen by the Earle of Westmerland and yet the Archbishop perceyued not that he was deceyued The Archbi◅ Yorke and ◅ erle Marshal arrested ◅yton till the Erle of Westmerland arrested both him the Erle Marshall with diuerse other Thus hath Walsingham But other write somewhat otherwise of this matter affyrming that the Erle of Westmerland in deed the lord Raufe Evres procured the Archbishop and the Erle Marshall to come to a comunication wyth them vpon a ground iust in the midway betwixt both the armies where the Erle of Westmerland in talke declared to them how perillous an enterprise they had taken in hand so to raise the people to moue warre against the king aduising them therfore to submit themselues without further delay vnto the kings mercie and his sonne the lorde Iohn who was present there in the field with baners spred readie to trie the matter by dynte of sworde if they refused this counsaile and therfore hee willed them to remember themselues well and if they woulde not yeelde and craue the kings pardon he badde them doe theyr best to defende themselues Herevppon as well the Archbishop as the Erle Marshall submitted themselues vnto the king and to his sonne the Lorde Iohn that was there present and returned not to theyr army Wherevpon their troupes skaled and fledde their wayes but being pursued many were taken many slaine and many spoyled of that they had aboute them and so permitted to goe theyr wayes howsoeuer the matter was handled
afterwardes for hee neuer intended more to moue hir in that matter in which she thought that he and al other also saue hirselfe lacked eyther wit or truth Wit if they were so bull that they coulde nothing perceyue what the Protector intended truth if they should procure hee sonne to be deliuered into hys handes in whom they shoulde perceyue towarde the childe any euill intended The Queene with these wordes stood a good while in a greate studie And forasmuche as hir seemed the Cardinall more readie to depart than some of the remnant and the Protector himselfe readie at hande so that shee verily thought shee coulde not keepe him there but that he should incontinent bee taken thence and to conuey hym else where neyther had she time to serue hir nor place determined nor persoÌ„s appointed al things vnredie this message came on hir so sodainly nothing lesse looking for than to haue him set out of Sancturie which she thought to be now beset in such places about that he could not be conueyed out vntaken and partly as shee thought it myght fortune hir feare to bee false so well she wysse it was eyther needlesse or bootlesse wherefore if she should needes go from him she deemed it best to deliuer him And ouer that of the Cardinalles fayth shee nothing doubted nor of some other Lordes neyther whom she there sawe Whiche as she feared least they might be deceyued so was she well assured they woulde not bee corrupted then thought shee it shoulde yet make them the more warely to looke to him and the more circumspectly to see to his surety if she with hir own handes betooke him to them of trust And at the last she tooke the yong duke by the hande sayde vnto the Lordes My Lordes quoth shee and all my Lordes I neyther am so vnwyse to mystruste youre wyttes nor so suspitious to mystrust your truthes Of which thing I purpose to make you suche a proofe as if eyther of both lacked in you myghte turne bothe mee to greate sorowe the Realme to muche harme and you to great reproch For we heere is quoth she thys Gentleman whome I doubt not but I coulde heere keepe safe if I woulde whatsoeuer anye man saye and I doubte not also but there bee some abrode so deadly enimies vnto my bloud that if they wyst where any of it laye in theyr owne bodie they would let it out Wee haue also experience that the desire of a kingdom knoweth no kindred The brother hath beene the brothers bane and may the nephewes be sure of theyr vncle Eche of these children is the others defence while they be asunder and eche of theyr liues lieth in the others bodie Keepe one safe and both be sure and nothing for them both more perillous than to be both in one place For what wise Marchant aduentureth all his goodes in one ship All this notwithstanding here I deliuer him and his brother in him to keepe into youre handes of whom I shall aske theÌ„ both afore god and the world Faythfull ye be that wore I well and I know well you be wise Power strength to kepe him if you list neither lack ye of your self nor can lacke helpe in this cause And if ye cannot else where then may you leaue him here But only one thing I beseech you for the trust which his father put in you euer for y e trust that I put in you nowe that as farre as yee thinke that I feare too muche be you well ware that you feare not as farre too little And therewithall she sayde vnto the childe fare well mine owne sweete son God send you good keeping let me kisse you yet once ere you goe for God knoweth when wee shall kisse togither agayne And therwith she kissed him and blessed him turned hir backe wept and went hir way leauing the childe weeping as faste When the Lorde Cardinall and these other Lordes with him had receyued this yong duke they brought him into the starre Chamber where the Protector tooke him in his armes and kissed him O dissimulation with these wordes now welcome my Lord euen with all my very heart And he sayd in that of likelyhoode as he thought Therevpon forthwith they brought him vnto the king his brother into the Bishoppes Palace at Poules and from thence throughe the Citie honourably into the Tower out of the which after that day they neuer came abrode This that is heere betwene this marke * and tâ—…s marke * was not written by him in english bâ—…t is translated out of this History which he wrot in Latten When the Protector had both the children in his handes he opened himselfe more boldely both to certaine other men and also chiefly to the duke of Buckingham Although I knowe that many thought that this duke was priuy to al the Protectors counsaile euen from the beginning and some of the Protectors friends sayde that the duke was the first mouer of the Protector to this matter sending a priuie messenger vnto hym streight after king Edwards death But other againe which knew better the subtil wit of the protector denie that he euer opened his enterprise to the duke vntill he had brought to passe the things before rehearsed But when hee had imprysoned the Queenes kinsfolkes and gotten both hir sonnes into his owne handes then he opened the rest of his purpose with lesse feare to them whoÌ„ he thought meet for the matter and specially to the duke who being woon to his purpose he thought his strength more than halfe 〈◊〉 The matter was broken vnto the duke 〈…〉 till folkes and such as were their craftmaistâ—… in the handling of such wicked deuises 〈◊〉 who declared vnto him that the yong king was 〈◊〉 with him for hys kinsfolkes sake and if hee 〈◊〉 euer able he would â—…nge them Who wâ—…t pricke him forwarde therevnto if they 〈◊〉 they would remember their imprisonmeÌ„t or 〈◊〉 if they were put to death without doubt the yong king woulde bee carefull for their deathes whose imprisonment was grieuous vnto him And that with repenting the duke shoulde nothing auaile for there was no way left to redeeme his offence by benefites but he shoulde sooner destroy hymselfe than saue the king who with his brother and his kinsfolkes he sawe in such places imprisones as the Protectour myghte wyth a backe destroye them all and that it were no doubt but he would doe it in deede if there were any newe enterprise attempted And that it was likely that as the Protectour had prouided priuie garde for himselfe so hadde hee spyalles for the Duke and traynes to catche him if hee shoulde be agaynste hym and that peraduenture from them whome hee leaste suspected For the state of things and the dispositions of men were then such that a man coulde not well tell whom he might trust or whome he might feare These things and such like beyng beaten into the Dukes mynde brought him to that
me and nowe I pray you that be here to beare me recorde I die in the Catholike faith not doubting in anye article of my faith no nor doubting in any sacrament of the church Many haue standred me and reported that I haue bin a bearer of such as haue mainteined euil opinions which is vntrue but I confesse y e like as God by his holy spirite doth instruct vs in the truth so the deuil is ready to seduce vs and I haue bin seduced but beare me witnesse that I die in the Catholike faith of the holy Churche and I hartily desire you to pray for the kings grace that hee may long liue with you in health and prosperitie and after him that his sonne prince Edward that goodly impe may long raigne ouer you And once againe I desire you to pray for me that so long as life remaineth in this fleshe I wauer nothing in my faith And then made he his prayer which was long but not so long as godly and learned and after committed his soule to the hands of God so patiently suffered the stroke of the axe by a ragged and butcherly miser which euil fauouredly performed the office This man beeyng borne in Putney a village in Surrey by the Thaimes side four miles distant from London was sonne to a Smith after whose deceasse hys mother was maried to a Shereman but notw tstanding the basenesse of his birth and lacke of maintenance was at the beginning as it happeneth to many other a great let and hinderance for vertue to shew hir selfe yet through a singular excellencie of wit ioined with an industrious diligence of mind and bely of knowledge gathered by painefull trauaile and marking the courses of states and gouernements as wel of his natiue countrey at home as in foraine parties abroade hee grewe to suche a sufficient ripenesse of vnderstaÌ„ding skill in ordering of weightie affaires that hee was thought apt and fitte to anye roomth or office wherevnto hee should be admitted which being apperteined of the Cardinall of Yorke Wolfey he tooke him to his seruice and making him his solicitor imployd him aboute busines oftentimes of most importance wherein he acquit himselfe with suche dexteritie as aunswered alwayes the credite committed to hym After the Cardinals fall he was aduanced to y e Kings seruice behauing himselfe so aduisedly in matters whiche hee tooke in hande that within a small time hee rose to high authoritie and was admitted to bee of the priuie Counsell bearyng most rule of all other vnder the king as partely ye haue hearde so that by him it well appeared that the excellencie of beroy call vertues whyche aduance menne to fame and honour resteth not only in birth and bloud as a priuilege appropriate and all onely annexed to noble houses but remaineth at the disposition of the Almightye God the giuer and disposer of all giftes who reyseth the poore many times from the basest degre and setteth him vp with Printes The .iiij. of August Thomas Empsam somtime a Monke of Westminster whiche had bin in prison for treason in Newgate nowe for the space of .iij. yeares and more came before the Iustices of Gaole deliuerie at Newgate and for that he would not aske the Kings pardon nor bee sworne to be true to hym his Monkes garment was plucked from his backe and he repriued till the king were enformed of his malicious obstinacie Thomas Empsam an obstinate Monke this was the last Monke that was seene in his clothing in England till Queene Maries dayes The .iiij. of Auguste were drawen from the Tower of London vnto Tiborn Giles Heron Gentleman ClemeÌ„t Philpot gentleman late of Calais and seruaÌ„t to the lorde Lisle Darby Gennyng Edmund Brindholm priest chapleyne to the saide lorde Lisle WilliaÌ„ Horne late a laye brother of the Charterhouse of London and an other offendour which .vj. persons were there hanged quartered had bin attainted of treasoÌ„ by parliament The same daye also was one Charles Carow gentleman hanged for robbing of the Lady Carow The .8 of August was the Lady Katherin Howarde neece to the duke of Norfolke daughter to the lorde EdmuÌ„d Howard shewed openly as Queene at HaÌ„pton courte A death and droughte Stow. In y e later end of this sommer was vniuersally through y e most parts of this realme great death by a strange kinde of hot agues fluxes some pestileÌ„ce in whiche season was such a drought y e welles small riuers were clean dried vp so that much cattel died for lack of water the Thames was so shallow and the freshe water of so small strength y e the salt water flowed aboue London bridge til the rain had increased the fresh waters On the .22 of September Rafe Egerton seruant to the Lord Audley lord Chancellor one Tho. Harman were drawne hanged and quartered y e one for counterfaiting of y e kings seale in a signet wherw t he sealed licences for denizens vnder the name of the clerkes of y e chancerie and the other y t is to say Harman for writing them In the ende of this yeare the Frenche Kyng made a strong Castel at Arde Castel built â—…e and also a bridge ouer into the Englishe pale whiche bridge the crew of Calais did beate downe and the French men builte it vp agayne and the English men beate it downe agayne After this the King sente a fiftene C. workemen to fortifie the Towne of Guisnes â—…es forâ—… and sente with them a fiue C. men of war to gard them It was reported in Fraunce that a mightie armye was come ouer forthe of EnglaÌ„d with great ordinance which brute caused the Frenche K. to send to the fronters of Picardie the D. of Vandosme and other captaines with all speede to defend the same The Kyng of Englande hearing thereof 〈◊〉 Earles of â—…ey and â—…hampâ—…â—…o â—…s sente the Earles of Surrey and Southhampton and the Lorde Russell high Admiral into the Marches of Calais to set order there and after them he lykewise sent two C. light horsemeÌ„ of y e borders of Scotland whome the Frenchmen called Stradiotes The Lordes hauing set order in things shortly returned â—…ard Meâ—… brent Aboy one Richarde Mekins not past a fifteene yeres of age was brent in Smithfield for speaking against the Sacramente and contrary to the statute of the sixe articles The Byshoppe of London was thoughte in great fault for procuring that terrible executioÌ„ seeing the yong fellowe was but an ignoraunce foole without learning and gladly recanted that which he was charged with 1541 About the later ende of this yeare Doctor Sampson Byshoppe of Chichester and Doctor Wilson whiche had bin committed to the Tower as before ye haue heard were now pardoned of the King had set againe at libertie An. reg 33. A new rebelâ—… practised in Yorkeshire In the beginning of this yeare fiue priestes in Yorkeshire began a newe rebellion with the assente of
tyme it lasted and therewith hauing made a reasonable breache for the Souldiours to enter they within yeelded wyth condition to haue these lyues saued which the Lorde Gray was contented to graunt to them all one onely excepted Vlpian Fulâ—… in the Floâ—… of Fame who during the siege vttered vnseemely wordes of the king abusing his Maiesties name wyth vile and most opprobrious tearmes They all comming forth of the Castell in theyr shyrtes humbled themselues to my Lordes Gray as became them and vpon strayte examination who shoulde bee the rayles that was excepted oute of the pardon it was knowne to be one Newton a Scot But hee to saue himselfe Newton and Hamilton tâ—… Scottish gentetlemen accuse ech othâ—â— put it to our Hamilton and so these two Gentlemen acussing one an other the truth coulde not be decided otherwyse than by a combate whiche they requyred and my Lorde Gray therevnto assented and pronounced iudgement so to haue it tryed At the appoynted tyme they entred the Lystes sette vppe for that purpose in the market place of Hadington without other apparell sauing their doublets and hosen weaponed wyth sworde buckles and dagger At the fyst entrye into the Lystâ—â— Hamilton kneeling downe A combat soght betweene them made hys heartie prayer to God that it myght please him to gyue victorie vnto the truth wyth solemne protestation that hee neuer vttered any such wordes of King Edwarde of Englande as his aduersarie changed him with On the other syde Newton being troubled as it seemed wyth his false â—…sation argued vnto the beholders hys guiltie conscience Nowe were the sticklers in a readinesse and the Combattours with theyr weapons 〈◊〉 fell to it so that betwyxt them were stryken sixe or seuen blowes ryght lustily But Hamylton being verye sieres and eagre vppon truste of hys innocencie constrayned Newton to 〈◊〉 ground almost to the ende of the Lystes and â—…he had dryuen him to the ende in deede then by the law of Armes he had woonne the victorie Newton perceyuing himselfe to bee almoste at poynt to bee thus ouercome slept forwardes agayne and gaue Hamilton suche a gashe on thâ—…leggâ—… that he was not able longer to stand but self therewith downe to the grounde He 〈◊〉 was vanquished â—â— slaine and then Newton falling on him incontinently 〈◊〉 him wyth a dagger There were Gentlemen present that 〈◊〉 as they tooke it for certain howe Newton was the offender although fortune had â—â—ered him in they Combate woulde gladlye haue ventured their lyues agaynst him man for man if it ryght haue beene graunted bat he chalenging the lawe of Armes had it graunted by my Lorde Gray 〈◊〉 reâ—… by my â—…ay who gaue him also his owne Gowne besyde hys backe and a chaine of golde whiche he then ware Thus was he well rewarded howe soeuer he deserued But he escaped not so for afterwardes as he was ryding betwyxt the borders of bothe the Realmes 〈◊〉 slaine 〈◊〉 he was slaine and cut in peeces The fourth of Iune the Towne of Dawketh was burnt and the Castell wonne by 〈◊〉 what 〈…〉 Scottes were slaine and three hundred 〈◊〉 prisoners among whome were of nauie the maister of Morton sonne in law to sir George Dowglas the Larde of Blâ—â—garâ—…ie the Larde of Wedexburne and one Alexander Hume a man of good reputation among them The same day the English horsemen burnt al the Milles round about Edenbourgh within the compasse of sixe miles on eche side the towne Muskelbourgh 〈◊〉 The .vij. of Iune they burnt Muskelbourgh Now after that my Lorde Gray had fortifyed Hadington and furnished it with vittayles and mâ—…nitions sufficient the .xij. of Iune he departed from thence homewardes leauing there in garnison about two thousand footmen and .v. C. horsmen In this meane time Henrie the French king succeding hiâ—… father Fraunces the first who departed this lyfe the last of Marche in the yeare last past to wit 1547. made prouision of an army with a nauy of ships and galleys to passe into Scotland The French â—â—â—prepareth â—â—y in ayd the Scottes to the ayde of the Queene and other of his faction And first he had sent thither Monsieur de la Chapelle de Biron a Gentleman of good account to assyst the gouernour wyth hys aduice and counsaile whiche gouernour desirous to recouer the Castell of Broughtiecragge and loth to see it possessed by the English men raysed a power of eight thousande men â—â—â—htiecrag â—…gâ—…d and with eight peeces of artillerie came before that Fortresse meaning to winne it by siege but by the valyaunt prowes of Sir Andrewe Dudley and the hardie manhoode of suche Englishe Souldiours as serued there vnder hym the Scottes were repulsed and driuen to leuie theyr siege with dishonour Yet not thus contented the Earle of Arguile with and armie of his Irish Scots or Hielande men if I may so call them after this likewise came and besieged the place but glad to take truce for a time with sir Andrew Before the tearme of the same truce was expired there come newe succours to him and therevpon the Earle in the ende was constrayned to leuie his siege and suffer the Englishmen to become maisters of a little his not farre off from the Castel where afterwards they builded a fortresse But to returne to the French armie whiche was prepared to passe into Scotlande yee Hall vnderstande that when theyr Shippes and prouisions were once readie and the Capitaynes wyth theyr bandes come downe to Brest in Brytayne where the Nauie was rigged to receyue them Monsieur de Desse generall of the French armie Monsieur de Desse Generall of all the army reconed to conteyne a seuen or eight thousand men embarquâ—…d himselfe with all his people and sayled forth on his iourney He landeth at Lieth tyll they arriued in the Forth and there tooke land at Lieth the .xvj. of Iune Shortly after hauing got their great artillerie on lande and taken aduise with the Lorde Gouernour and other of the Scottish Nâ—â—itie whome they founde at Edenbourgh how to proceede in prosecuting the warre agaynst the Englishe men it was resolued that without delay they shoulde trie theyr forces aboute the recouering of Hadington The French men resolue to besiege Hadington and goe to besiege that Towne before they attempted any other exployte The gouernour and other of the Scottes Lordes hauing with them seuen or eight hundred light horsemen offered to goe with them to the better aduauncing forwarde of that enterprice Herevppon setting forwarde and comming to Muskelbourgh the Captaynes wyth a certaine numbers of horsemen and footemen as well of Scottes as Frenchmen were appoynted to goe before to view the sayde Towne of Hadington Vpon their approche neare to the towne there issued forth certaine Englishmen and Italians that were of Tiberia's bande which skirmished with them right stoutly all at length the Frenchmen and Scots retyred backe to Lauret a little from Muskelbourgh whore their armie
was shot such a peale of artillerie off from the tower as had not bene hearde a greater in many yeares before In September the Duke of Norffolke departed this life at Fremingham castell in Norfolke and there was honourably buried among his ancestors Vpon Friday the xxvj of October those honest men that had bene of maister Throckmor quest being in number eyght for the other foure were deliuered oute of prison for that they submitted themselues and saide they had offended like weaklings not considering truth to be truth but of force for feare said so these eyght men I say whereof master Emanuell Lucar and master Whetstone were chiefe were called before the Counsell in the starre Chamber where they affirmed that they had done all things in that matter according to their knowledge and with good consciences euen as they should aunswere before God at the day of iudgemeÌ„t Where master Lucar said openly before all the Lordes that they had done in the matter like honest men and true and faithfull subiectes and therefore they humbly besought my L. Chancelor and the other Lords to be meanes to the King Quenes maiesties that they might be discharged and set at libertie and said that they were all contented to submit themselues to their Maiesties sauing reseruing their truth consciences honesties The Lords taking their words in marueylous euill part iudged them worthie to paye exclusiue 〈◊〉 Some sayde they were worthie to pay M. lb a peece Other sayde that Lucar and Whetstone were worthie to pay a M. markes a peece and the rest v. C. lb a peece In conclusion sentence was giuen by the L. Chauncelour that they should pay a M. markes a pece he that payde least and that they should go to prison againe and there remaine till further order were taken for their punishment The xxx of October being Tuesdaye The Lorde Iohn Grey see at libertie the L. Iohn Grey was deliuered out of the tower and set at libertie Vppon Saterdaye the x. of Nouember the Sherifes of London had commaundement to take an inuentorie of euery one of their goodes whiche were of maister Throckmortons quest and to seale vppe their doores which was done the same daye Maister Whetstone and maister Lucar and maister Kighley were adiudged to paye two thousand pounds a peece the rest a M. markes a peece to be paid within one fortnight after From this paymente were exempted those foure which confessed a fault M. Foxe and therevpon had submitted themselues whose names are these master Loe master Pointer master Beswicke and master Cater The xij of Nouember being Mondaye the Parliament begaÌ„ at Westminster to the beginning whereof both the King and Queene roade in their Parliament roabes hauing two swords borne before them The Earle of Pembroke bare his sworde and the Earle of Westmerland bare the Queenes They had two Cappes of maintenance likewise borne before them wherof the Earle of AruÌ„dell bare the one and the Earle of Shrewesburie the other During this Parliament Cardinall Poole landed at Douer vppon Wednesday being the xxj of Nouember who being receyued with muche honour in all other countries through which he had passed was receyued here at the first with no great shewe for the causes aboue mentioned The same daye on the whiche he arriued an acte passed in the Parliament house for his restitution in blud vtterly repealing as false and most slaunderous y e acte made against him in K. HeÌ„rie y e viij his time And on the next day being Thursday the xxij of Nouember the King and Queene both came to the Parliament house to giue their royall assent â–ª and to establishe this acte against his comming On Saterday the xxiiij of Nouember he came to the Court and after went to Lambeth where his lodging was prepared On Wednesdaye following in the afternoone he came into the Parliament house being at that present kept in the great Chamber of the Courte of Whyte hall for that the Queene by reason of sickenesse was not able to go abroade where the King and Queene sitting vnder the clothe of estate and the Cardinall sitting on the right hande with all the other estates of the Realme being present and the Knightes and Burgesses of the Common house being also called thither the Bishoppe of Winchester being Lorde Chauncellour spake in this maner The wordes of the bishop of Winchester My Lordes of the vpper house and you my maisters of the nether house here is present the right reuerende Father in God my Lorde Cardinall Poole Legate à Latere come from the Apostolike sea of Rome as ambassadour to the King and Queenes Maiesties vppon one of the weyghtiest causes that euer happened in this Realme and which appertayneth to the glorie of God and your vniuersall benefite the which ambassade their Maiesties pleasure is to be signified vnto you all by his owne mouth trusting that you will receyue and accept it in as beneuolent and thankfull wise as their Highnesse haue done and that you wyll giue attentiue and inclinable eares vnto hys Grace who is nowe readye to declare the same So soone as the Lord Chancelor had ended his tale Grafton the Cardinall began made a long and solemne oration the which for shortnesse sake I haue collected into these fewe articles The effect of the Cardinals oration First hee yeelded moste heartie thankes to the King and Quene and next vnto the whole Parliament that of a man exiled and banished from this Common weale they had restored him agayne to bee a member of the same and to the honour of his house and familie and of a man hauing no place neyther here nor else where within the Realme to haue admitted him into a place where to speake and to bee hearde Secondly that his especiall comming was for the restitution of this Realme to the auncicient estate and to declare that the sea Apostolike hath a speciall care of this Realme aboue all other and chieflye for that this Islande first of all other prouinces of Europe receiued the light of Christes religion from the sea of Rome Thirdlye hee exhorted that thoughe the realme had swarued from the catholike vnitie y t yet being better informed we ought to returne into the bosome of the Churche moste open to receyue all penitents For the persuasion wherof he brought a number of olde examples what perill and hurte hath happened vnto them that haue swarued and gone from the Churche of Rome namely Greece and Germanie Fourthlye howe muche wee are bounde to God for the King and Queenes Maiesties and howe miraculouslye God had saued and defended our Queene from hiâ—… enimies in most daungerous times and also that hee hath prouided to ioyne with hir in mariage â–ª such a noble Prince as King Philip was and one of his owne religion Fiftly he exhorted them all to obedience of these two Princes and to call vppon God for issue to be had betweene them
after that hir grace passed y e Crosse she had espyed the Pageant erected at the little conduit in Cheape and incontinent required to know what it might signifie And it was tolde hir grace that there was placed Tyme Tyme quoth shee and Tyme hath broughte me hither And so forth the whole matter was opened to hir grace as heereafter shall be declared in the description of the Pageant But in the opening when hir grace vnderstoode that the Byble in Englishe shoulde be deliuered vnto hir by Trueth which was therin represented by a childe she thanked the Citie for that gift and sayd that she would oftentimes reade ouer that Booke commaunding Sir Iohn Parrat one of the Knights which helde vp hir Canapie to goe before and to receiue the Booke But learning that it shoulde bee deliuered vnto hir grace downe by a silken lace shee caused him to stay and so passed forwarde till shee came agaynste the Aldermen in the high ende of Cheape tofore the little conduite where the companyes of the Citie ended which beganne at Fanchurche and stoode along the streetes one by another enclosed with rayles hanged with clothes and themselues well apparelled with manye riche furres and their liuery whodes vpon their shoulders in comely and seemely maner hauing before them sundrye persons well apparelled in silkes and chaynes of golde as wyflers and garders of the sayde companyes beside a number of riche hangings as well of Tapistrie Arras clothes of golde siluer veluet damaske Sattin and other silkes plentifully hanged all the way as the Queenes highnesse passed from the Tower thorough the Citie Out at the windowes and penthouses of euery house did hang a number of riche and costly banners and streamers till hir grace came to the vpper ende of Cheape And there by appointmente the ryght worshipfull Maister Ranulph Cholmeley Recorder of the Citie presented to the Queenes Maiestie a purse of crymeson sattine richely wroughte with golde wherein the Citie gaue vnto the Queenes Maiestie a thousande markes in golde as Maister Recorder did declare briefely vnto the Queenes Maiestie whose words tended to this ende that the Lord Maior his breethren and communaltie of the Citie to declare their gladnes and good will towards the Queenes Maiestie did presente hyr grace with that gold desiring hir grace to continue their good and gracious Queene and not to esteeme the value of the gift but the mynde of the giuers The Queenes Maiestie with both hir hands tooke the purse and aunswered to him againe maruellous pithily and so pithily that the standers by as they embraced entierly hyr gracious aunswere so they maruelled at the cowching thereof which was in wordes truely reported these I thanke my Lorde Maior hys breethre and you all And whereas your request is that I should continue youre good Lady and Queene bee yee ensured that I will be as good vnto you as euer Queene was to hir people No will in mee can lacke neyther doe I trust shall there lacke any power And perswade your selues y t for the safetie and quietnesse of you all I will not space if neede be to spend my bloud God thanke you all Whiche aunswere of so noble an hearted Princes if it moued a maruellous shoute and reioycing it is nothing to bee maruelled at since both the heartinesse thereof was so wonderfull and the wordes so ioyntly knitte When hir grace had thus aunswered the Recorder shee marched towarde the little conduit where was erected a Pageant with square proportion standing directly before the same conduit with battlementes accordingly And in the same Pageant was aduanced two hylles or Mountaynes of conuenient height The one of them beeing on the North syde of the same Pageante was made cragged barren and stonie in the whiche was erected on tree artificially made all withered and dead with braunches accordingly And vnder the same tree at the foote thereof sate one in homely and rude apparell crokedly and in mourning maner hauing ouer hys head in a table written in Latin and Englishe hys name whiche was Ruinosa Respublica A decayed common weale And vppon the same withered tree were fixed certayne Tables wherein were written proper sentences expressing the causes of the decay of a common weale The other hill on the South syde was made fayre fresh green and beautifull the ground thereof full of floures and beautie and on the same was erected also one tree very freshe amd faire vnder the whyche stoode vpright on freshe personage well apparelled and appoynted whose name also was written both in English and Latin which was Respublica bene instituta a flourishing common Weale And vpon the same tree also were fixed certaine Tables conteyning sentences whych expressed the causes of a flourishing common Weale In the myddle betweene the sayde hylles was made artificially one hollow place or caue with dore and locke enclosed out of the which a little before the Queenes highnes comming thither issued on personages whose name was Tyme apparelled as an old man with a Sythe in his hande hauing wings artificially made leading a personage of lesser stature than himselfe which was finely and well apparelled all cladde in white sylke and directly ouer hyr head was sette hir name and title in latine and English Temporis filia the daughter of Tyme Whiche two so appoynted wente forwarde toward the South side of the Pageant And on hir brest was written hir proper name which was Veritas Truth who helde a Booke in hir hand vpon the which was written Verbum veritatis the word of trueth And out of the South syde of the Pageant was cast a standing for a child which shoulde interprete the same Pageant Againste whome when the Queenes Maiestie came he spake vnot hir grace these words This old man with the sythe olde father Tyme they call And hir his daughter Trueth which holdeth yonder Booke Whome he our of his rocke hath brought forth to vs all From whence this many yeares she durst not once out looke The ruthfull wight that sitteth vnder the barren tree Resembleth to vs forme when common weales decay But when they be in state triumphant you may see By him in freshe attire that sitteth vnder the baye Nowe since that Tyme agayne his daughter Trueth hathe brought We trust O worthy Q. thou wilt this trueth embrace And since thou vnderstandst the good estate and naught We trust welth thou wilte plant and barrennes displace But for heale the sore and cure that is not seene Whiche thing the Booke of trueth doth teach in writing playne She doth present to thee the same O worthy Queene For that that words do flye but writing doth remayne When the childe had thus ended his speeche hee reached his Booke towardes the Queenes Maiestie which a little before Trueth had lette down vnto him from the hill whyche by Sir Iohn Parrat was receiued and deliuered vnto the Queene But shee as soone as she had receyued the Booke kissed it and with both hir hands helde
towne 〈◊〉 Citie sendeth thee firme hope and earnest prayer 〈◊〉 all men hope in thee that all vertues shall raigne 〈◊〉 all men hope that thou none errour wilt support 〈◊〉 all men hope that thou wilt truth restore againe 〈◊〉 mend that is amisse to all good mennes comfort â–ª 〈◊〉 for this hope they pray thou mayght continue long 〈◊〉 Queene amongst vs here all vice for to supplant 〈◊〉 for this hope they pray that God may neede thee wrong 〈◊〉 by his grace puissant so in his truth â—â—â—all 〈◊〉 â—…arwell O worthis Queene and as our hope is sure â—…t into errours place thou wilt nowe truth restore 〈◊〉 trust we that thou wilt our soueraigne Queene endure 〈◊〉 louing Ladie stande from henceforth euenmore While these wordes were in saying and certaine wishes therin repeated for maintenance of truth and rooting out of errour she nowe and then helde vp hir handes to heauenwarde and willed the people to say Amen When the childe had ended she sayde deye well assured I will stande your good Queene At which saying hir grace departes forth throgh Temple Barre toward Westminster with no lesse shouting and crying of the people than shee entred the citie with a noyse of ordinance which the Towne shot off at hir graces entrance fyrst into Towre streete The childes saying was also in latin verses written in a Table whiche was hanged vppe there O regina potens quum prima vrbem ingredereris Dona tibi linguas fidaque corda dedit Discedenti etiam tibi nunc duo munera mittit Omnia plena spei votaque plena precum Quippe tuis spes est in te quod prouida virtus Rexerit errori nec locus vllus erit Quippe tuis spes est quod tu veruÌ„ omni reduces solatura bonas dum mala tollis opes Huc spel freti de dâ—â— lorâ—â—◠〈◊〉 reginae gubernes Et negue excindus 〈…〉 Hac spe freti orant diuina vt gratia fortem Et vero si â—…rite velit essâ—◠〈◊〉 Iam Regina vide er sicut 〈◊〉 spes 〈◊〉 veâ—… Quod vero inducto perâ—…itus 〈◊〉 erat Sic quoque speramus quod eris regina benigne Nobis perâ—…aegni tempora 〈…〉 Thus the Queenes highnesse passed thorow the Citie which without any foraigne person of it selfe beautified it selfe and receyues hir grace at all places as hath beene before mentioned with most tender obedience and loue due to so gracious a Queene and soueraigne Lady And hir grace likewise of his side in all hir graces passage shewed hirselfe generally an Image of a worthie Ladie and Gouernour but priuately these especiall poputes were noted in hir grace as signes of a most Princelyke courage whereby his louing Subiectes may grounde a sure hope for the rest of hir gracious doyngs hereafter Certaine notes of the Queenes maiesties great mercie clemencie and wisdom vsed in this passage About the nether ende of Cornehill towarde Cheape one of the knightes about hir grace had espyed on auncient Citizen which wept and turned his head backe and therewith sayde thys Gentleman yonder is an Aldeâ—â— an for so hee tearmed him which weepeth and turneth hys face backwarde Howe may it bee interpreted that he so doth for sorowe or for gladnesse The Queenes Maiestie heard him and sayd I warrant you it is for gladnesse A gracious interpretation of a noble courage which would turn the doubtfull to the best And yet it was well known that as hir grace did confirme the same the parties cheare was mooued for verie 〈◊〉 gladnesse for the sight of hir Maiesties person at the beholding wherof he tooke such comfort that with teares be expressed the same In Cheape side hir grace smyled and being thereof demaunded the cause answered for that she heard one say Remember olde king Henrie the eight A naturall childe which at the verie remembrance of hir fathers name tooke so great a ioy that all men may well thinke that as shee reioyced at his name whom this Realme doth holde of so worthie memorie so in hir doings she will resemble the same When the Cityes charge without partialitie and onely the Citie was mencioned vnto hir grace she sayd it shoulde not be forgotten Which saying might moue all naturall English men heartily to shew due obedience entiernesse to theyr so good a Queene which will in no poynt forget any parcell of duetie louingly shewed vnto hir The aunswere which hir grace made vnto master Recorder of LoÌ„don as the hearers know it to be true and with melting heartes hearde the same so may the reader thereof conceyue what kinde of stomacke and courage pronounced the same What more famous thing doe wee read in auncient histories of olde tyme than that mightie Princes haue gently receyued presents offered them by case and lâ—…we personages If that be to be wondered at as it is passingly let mee see any wryter that in any one Princes life is able to recount so many presidents of this vertue as hir grace shewed in that one passage through the Citie How many Nosegayes did hir grace receyue at poore womens handes how oftentymes stayed she hir Chariot when she sawe any simple body offer to speake to hir grace A braÌ„ch of Rosemary giuen to hir grace with a supplication by a poore woman about Fleetbridge was seene in hir chariot til hir grace came to Westm not without the maruellous wondring of such as knew the presenter and noted the Queenes most gracious receyuing and keeping the same What hope the poore and nedie may looke for at hir graces hand she as in all hir iourney continually so in hir harkening to the poore children of Christes Hospitall with eies cast vp into heauen did fully declare as that neyther the wealthier estate coulde stande without consideration had to the pouertie neyther the pouertie bee duely considered vnlesse they were remembred as commended to vs by Gods owne mouth As at hir first entrance she as it were declared hir selfe prepared to passe through a Citie that most entierly loued hir so she at hir last departing as it were bound hir selfe by promise to continue good Ladie and gouernour vnto that Citie whiche by outwarde declaration did open theyr loue to theyr so louing and noble Prince in such wise as shee hir selfe wondered thereat But bycause Princes be set in their sâ—…ate by Gods appoynting and therefore they most first and chiefly tender the glorie of him from whom their glorie issueth it is to be noted in hir grace that forsomuch as God hath so wonderfullye placed hir in the seate of gouernment ouer this Realme shee in all doings doth shewe hir selfe moste myndfull of his goodnesse and mercye shewed vnto hir and amongest all other two principall signes thereof were noted in this passage First in the Tower where hir Grace before she entred hir Chariot lyfted vp hir eyes to heauen and sayde O Lorde almightie and euerlasting God I giue thee most harty thaÌ„ks that thou hast bin so mercifull vnto me as
wyth you thereof but your pride ioined with a harmfull meaning to those that you professe best vnto and selfe wilfull vainglorie without cause why refused that which reason and honor commaunded you to haue done Therefore bycause his calling is presently with his charge better than yours and mine not inferior I sommon you reasonably to excuse that fault supposed to be yours or else to mainteyne that trayterous acte with your person agaynst mine in fight when where or howe you dare Otherwise I will baffull your good name sounde wyth the Trumpet your dishonour and paynt your picture with the heeles vpwarde and beare it in despite of your selfe In the meane tyme I attende your aunswere From Glasco the xxij of May. 1570. Subscribed George Carie. The Copie of the Lord Flemings answere GEorge Carie I haue receyued your brainlesse letter making mention of my false and treasonable dealing against your Generall in shâ—…ting vnder trust so vilely agaynst my honor and truth trayterously trayned him vnder my trust which is altogither false and vntrue And howbeit your Generall came by the house of Dunglas by my appoyntment which I suffered and I appoynted one place of meeting sixe men of either partie which he refused and he departed and certaine of his companie came bragging vp y e riuer side towards the house viewing the sâ—…me and the ground thereaboutes shooting your Harquebusses agaynst the same I coulde doe no lesse but present you with such as I had Whereas you wryte of your Generalles calling to be presently better than mine and yours not inferiour when your Generall chalengeth me thereof I shall giue answere And as for you I will not be inferiour to a better than you or any Souldiour vnder your Generals charge Whereas you sommon mee as you call it reasonably to excuse that fault supposed to be mine owne or else to mainteyne that trayterous acte with my person agaynst yours you shall wyt I haue Gentlemen of honour seruant Souldiours to me as ye are to your Generall whiche may be your fellowes shall defende the same agaynst you and your false and vntrue inuented wryting and were not the charge I present or how soone I can bee relieued of the same I should lowly my person to meet you sixe English miles from any other person Howbeit ye be but one souldiour assure your selfe from thys day foorth I will not receyue no such inuented message for I haue little to doe with Englishe men ye may raile vpon my honorable name as ye please You shall haue as honorable gentlemeÌ„ as your selfe against you fighting Take this for answere Iohn Lord Fleming LOrde Fleming often the Flemings after noone aunsweres smelleth more of Wine than witte But as to that common cryme the custome of theyr Countrey yeeldeth them part of pardon so your common acquaintaunce with the same condition knowne to bee verye great shall to mee somewhat excuse your witlesse wryting wherin first you disalow my right recitall of your trayterous dealing by tearming it false and vntrue for answere knowe this the truth my penne hath writteÌ„ by the witnesse of a number And my hande I vowe shall maynteyne the same before the worlde at all tymes but you in denying it haue both falsly and vniustly lyed in your throate and dare neyther defend nor disproue that in deeds which in wordes you haue done Wheras you write that our generall passed Dunglasse by your appointment whiche you suffred therein you doe manifestly say vnhonourably and vntruly for that you had no knowledge of our firste comming but saluted vs with your shotte and wee lykewise skirmished with your meÌ„ euen at their owne strength vntill we viewed the ground aboute at oure pleasure And touchyng the appointment of sixe of eyther part easily that may be knowen to be a playnelye seeing wee hadde neyther parley not conference with you before to appoynt place or meeting But whereas you say you coulde doe no lesse but present vs wyth such as you hadde therein you confesse and acknowledge y e dishonor and treason that I charged you withall taking vppon youre selfe that fault which I supposed to haue bin of your seruaunts for oure generall retired his company farre from him And his Trumpet beeing wyth you approched himselfe alone to haue parled when vnder trust you discharged two harguebusses agaynste him an acte rather seemely for a cowardly Traytor than one that professeth to be a Souldier Finally whereas you lette mee witte that you haue Gentlemen of honor seruaunts Souldiers to you that may be my fellowes whiche shoulde defend the challenge that toucheth so neere your selfe as with honor you should not haue refused it First I thinke skorne to bee any wayes inferiour to you though but a Souldier too honorable a name for you beeyng better in birth and vnsteined with reproche as you haue bin Secondly I haue more and as good GentlemeÌ„ vnder my conduct as you haue vnder your charge which shall aunswer as many as you can bring â–ª if with number ye meane to combate and will put them to that whyche you dare not doe your selfe But assure you my quarrell shall remayne euerlasting excepte the proofe of your owne person againste mine maye ende it and when you shall dare come out of youre Crowes nest I will be ready to ride an hundred Scottish myles to meete with you in any indifferente place and vntill that tyme. I shall accompte you deuoyde of honestie and honor vnworthy to marche vpon grounde or to keepe company with men From Hamilton the 29. of May. 1570. Subscribed George Carey Though many wayes were soughte by message and otherwise tâ—… 〈◊〉 the Lorde â—…leâ—…ming to defend with battaile the fault and folly committed yet it wold not be for he suffred 〈◊〉 the matter â–ª so as it well appeared it was but lost labour further to attempt him therin The .xxij. A master of Scottishmen of May the Earle of Lenoux accompanyed with the Erle of Glenâ—…rn the lord Symple and other his frendes â—…aries and alies mustered on the Moore before the towne of Glasco the number of .4000 horsemen and footmen that were there assembled to seeke him in presence of Sir William Drury and other of the English capitayns The .xxiij. of Maye Sir William Drurye the Earle of Lenoux The army goeth towards Hamilton and â—…theâ—… the Scotâ—…she Lords and the whole armie marched towards the Castell of Hamilton and sending a Trâ—…mpettor and one with hym to parley with the Captaine named Andrew Hamilton he agreed to come forth and due other with him to talke with Sir William Drury and one other Gentleman suche as he should thinke good to bryng with him to a place somewhat distance as well from the Castell as the Camp Heerevpon Sir William Drury wyth hys sword and tergate and Sir George Carie with a case of pistolles wente forthe to the appoynted place whither the Captayne of the Castell also with an halberâ—… and one other with him