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A20361 A true report of all the doynges at the assembly co[n]cernyng matters of religion, lately holden at Poyssy in Fraunce. Written in Latine by Mayster Nicholas Gallasius, minister of the Frenche Churche in London, and then present, [and] one of the disputers in the same, translated into English, by I. D.... Seen and allowed accordyng to the order appoynted by the Queenes Maiesties iniunctions; True report of all the doynges at the assembly concernyng matters of religion, lately holden at Poyssy in Fraunce. Des Gallars, Nicolas, ca. 1520-ca. 1580. 1561 (1561) STC 6776; ESTC S110901 50,348 138

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to conclude that onely God knowes his elect chosē Yet neuerthelesse we beleue that ther is a holy church whiche is conceiued imagined and beleued not seene For if we shuld otherwise saie thereof would ensue that whiche is most repugnaunt to reason For if the churche be vnknowen vnto vs to what flock shal we stickto be pertakers of saluation when to the Church only Christ extendeth his power saluatiō we say therfore that althoughe that Churche can not be discerned by sight yet when we seeke to what flocke and companye we ought to assocyate oure selues ther be certayne notes wherby we may know discerne yesame namely the pure worde of god and the syncere administration of the sacraments These be the cleare and euident marks thereof neither is there any doute but whatsoeuer these be ther is also the true Church of god Furthermore we say That al those that professe true religiō are charitablye to be counted amonge the number of the faythful vnlesse the lorde do playnely detest their hipocrisy and dessemblynge Whereof Paule giueth vs a manifest president callinge the Corinthians and Galathians faithfull i. Cor. ii a and applying to them the general name of the churche albeit in thē there was great imperfection aswel of learning as life whiche in diuers places he himselfe complaineth For all those that haue any foundation doe not alwaies builde on the same golde siluer and pretious stones onely but also oftentimes hey chaffe and sedge i. Cor. ii c xii In this maner and sort therefore we vse to speake of the church least we should seme to appoint any fantasticall thing or that should consiste in imaginations onely or least we mighte geue any colour to ill disposed persones to deeme vs suche as were in times past y● Canthares and Donatistes and in this our age are the Anabaptistes against whō we haue oftē reasoned about this question Nowe let vs come to the markes and signes of the true churche whiche is necessary to be discerned knowen sith out of her is no saluation And for that cause Sathan that olde enemye of man hath attempted by all meanes possible to disguise and counterfayte her to chaunge her auncient sygnes and fayne newe in their places Her vncertaine and vndoubted markes we haue sayde to be two that is to wēte the pure preachyng of the woorde and administration of the sacramentes Hereto doe some adioyne ecclesiastical discipline and fruites of fayth And trulye it is necessary that euery flock should haue some head and guyde whō they oughte to obey yf they mynde to liue in safetye but forasmuche as oure owne iniquities often tymes are the cause that we wāt the two last markes let vs content our selues with the fyrst Therefore that the worde of god is the certayne sygne of the churche herby it appeareth that bothe Christe and Peter compare the same to seede Mat. xiii a. iii iiii xi i. Pet. i. d. For the whiche cause also Paule sayth that he begat the Corinthians in Christ by preachyng the worde i. Cor. iiii c. xv Therefore in dyuerse places it is called one foode and nouryshemente this also Christe hymselfe witnesseth to pertayn to his shepe saying that they heare his voice and no others Iohn x. We adioyne hereto the Sacramentes also for that Christe woulde not onelye to oure eares but also to our eyes and the reste of oure bodylyesenses wytnesse his grace And therefore he ordeyned the Sacramentes to be certain and visible signes both of oure vnion with hym and also of charitye and loue among oure selues For that cause duryng the olde Testament it was sayde that they shoulde be banyshed the companye of the faythfull whiche had not the sygne of cyrcumcision And furthermore decreed that all householders shoulde thrice in the yere appeare before the Lorde at Ierusalem by common sacrifyce to testifye the vnitye of fayth and religion Exodus xxxiiii d. xxiii Afterwardes the Vyneyarde beyng spoyled the Gentyles grewe in one bodye with the Iewes not onely by preachyng the woorde but also by the Sacramentes of Baptysme and of the bodye and bloude of oure Lord. Yea and Christe commaunded his Apostles so to dooe saying goe ye and teache all nations Mat. xx ● xix This is the doctryne of the woorde to the which he foorthwith adioyneth the Sacramentes saying Baptysing in the name of the Father the Sonne and the holy ghost For to baptisme also must we applye that which Paule writeth of the supper saying that what he receiued of the Lorde he deliuered to vs. i. Cor. xi c xxxii And thesame he testifieth in an other place also Namely that the Churche is founded vppon the foundation of the prophetes and the Apostles Ephe. ii d xx that is to wete vpon Iesus Christ who is the summe substaunce of all the doctrine of the Apostles and Prophetes So also must we vnderstande another texte of the same Apostle Where he sayeth that the Churche is a piller of the liuing God a bolster of truthe i. Timo. iii. d. xv Whiche meaneth that the woorde of God whiche is the truthe it selfe dothe staye and vpholde the church or els is placed in the church as in an open and sure fortresse for y● in her god extendeth his power health to all beleuers Rom. i these are the true and visible signes of the churche Whiche therefore is called the mother of the faithfull for that they wer begotten in her by incorruptible seede and nouryshed and fed with the same fode If the preaching of the woorde and the true administration of the sacramentes be necessarily required in the churche thē muste there needes be pastours teachers to execute thesame As the holye scriptures sufficientely witnesse but chieflye Paule writyng to the Corinthians and Ephesians this was the cause that this thirde marke was adioyned hereto i. Cor. xii d. xxviii Ephe. iiii vi xi i. Timo. iii. a Ti●… i. a vi Namely ordinary succession from the time of the Apostles Hereto we aunswer that such succession is muche to be esteemed if it be wel considered and applied after the example of the auncient fathers who groūded thereon against heretikes there newe opinions As Tertulian Ireneus and Austine againste the Maniches and Donatistes but because many lay the same against vs as though we had cōueyed into the churches new scismes and heresies it is necessarye that we should shew our minde herein We say therefore that there is one succession of doctrine an other of persōs Doctrine we graunt to be the true and vndoubted mark of the churche as it hath bene already saide For although the doctrine of the Gospell bee not therefore the more to be credited for that it is the auncientest of all other thoughe it happen many tymes for oure synnes that thesame seeme so new straunge to menne as it ought to bee familiar and vsuall yet neuerthelesse the witnesse of the continuall
shuld perish But neuerthelesse his decres or counsell is not therfore alowed as though he had rightfullye condēned Christ For the holy gost prophecied it not he which vnderstode not what he spake For he was styrred with a cōtrary spirit and altogether deuillishe For he gaue iudgement against the innocent Christ y● son of god Furthermore if this priuilege be geuē to general councels that they cannot erre either in y● rule of doctrine or forme of life we woulde fain know at what time this was done For there was alwaies one faith one church Ephe. iiii a. v In the olde churche vnder the olde testamont the histories prophets witnesse y● errours were commonlye taught receiued All their spies saith Esay be blind their dogges bee dūme not able to barke Psa lvi d x. Also Ieremy Bothe prophete priest do all forge lyes Iere. vi ● xv And least you should thinke yesame to be referred to the liues of priuate persons it in writtē in yesame prophet the prophetes prophecy falsly in my name Ier. xiiii c. xiiii For I sent thē not neither did I cōmaund them to speak neither did I speak vnto thē but lying visiōs diuinations yea nothyng or y● dece●…s of their own hert they prophecie vnto you Also Esai the wisdom of y● wise shal perish the witte of the witty shal hide it selfe Ps xxiiii c. xiiii Also Ezechiell The law shal perish frō the priest councel from the elders Ezec. vii g. xcvi Furthermore who cōdemned the prophets as Ieremy Michae yea the son of god himself his Apostles but y● councels of the priestes of Israel If any man answer that these things hapned vnder y● olde testamēt we will replie that he doth not satisfy our reasō nor speake any thing to y● purpose For not wt●…ding y● his cōclusion remaineth That y● caūs●…ls of the prelates albeit they wer vniuersal wer oftētimes ruled rather with y● spirit of error thā of god But that we may com to the newe testamēt did not Paul specially warne that church writīg to the Ephesiās y● wolues should com frō amonges thē Acte xx ● xix that the son of perdition shuld sit in y● tēple of god ii Thessa ii a. iiii And truely yf we weigh the coūsels seuerallye we shal find so much repugnant cōtrariety in thē that we must nedes cōfesse that the holye gost ruled thē not but Sathan whiche long since knowes how to trāsform hīselfe into an Angell of light There is a place very manifest in Austine as concerning this in hys seconde booke of Baptisme against the Donatistes the thirde Chapter wherein he plainly sheweth that the writinges of seueral Bishops are amended by particuler councels And prouiniciall Synodes by vniuersall And vniuersall counsels reformed by others after when by experiēce that is detected which afore was hiddē or that disclosed which afore was couered Where Austyne doth not entreate of the outwarde forme but of the doctryne and of the Aphricane councell wherin thei did deliberate whether thei ought to be Baptised againe that had bin Baptised of hereti●…es There wyll perhaps be obiected an other reason commō enough namely that Christe did promise as oft as .ii. or three are gathered together in his name to be himselfe in the middest of thē Math. vi viii c. xx And therefore much more he would be present at a general councel We graūt ye that may wel be presumed but farr differs a presumption from a necessary conclusion For such is the naughtinesse of men that they abuse the name of God to the decreeing of their own lyes And they often tymes haue the name of God moste in their mouthes whose heartes ar enemies and haters of God i. Cor. xv c. ix And whereas the weakenesse of mannes witt is such as dayly experience proueth and many are blynded with noughty affections We say that those that grounde on no other foundation than the iudgemente of men and coloure of a councell are in great perill How then Thynk we that the doctrine of the Church is vncertam for that she may erre No. For we graūt that although we knowe God onely in parte as Paule sayeth and in that respect error is mingled with the truthe yet God did neuer permit that the chiefe and substantiall poyntes were wholye ouerthrowen and buryed For alway●…s he hath reserued to hymselfe a flocke some tymes greater sometymes lesser to speake and vnderstande those thynges which it behoueth both to vnderstande speake As in Elias tyme in Israell Also in the captiuity of Babilō and about the comming of Christ At which tyme scarse Zacharias onely Elizabeth Ioseph the virgine Marye Simon and Anne the Prophetess●… remained that knew God and among●… so great corruption of the Scribes and Pharises did truely vnderstande the fulfilling of the Prophecies Suthe breaches whiche happen in the churche of God for our sinnes be as it were tempestes whiche afterwardes the Lor●… calmes and lyke cloudes which vanish awaye at the rising of the sonne Dooe we then condemne the olde councels God forbidde For if by theyr decrees thinges shoulde bee refourmed you knowe that you should be compelled to chaunge more than we Onely this we desire that the scripture maye be to vs as a touchestone whereby all thinges ought to be allowed that are doone or spoken in the churche Whiche yf anye man thinke vnreasonable let him read that famous saying of Austine writing to Maximinus the Arian in his second booke and .xiiii. chapter where he entreateth of the coūcel of Nice and Ariminum For I thinke there is no councell that maye rather bee called vnyuersall than the first councel of Nyce And contrariwyse all menne confesse that the councel of Ariminum oughte worthily to bee reiected and condened Vppon what occasion dothe Austine talke of those two councels About the controuersie of an article of our fayth nowe confirmed established Namely the consubstantialitie of the sonne of god And yet neuerthelesse Austine professeth that he would neither ground●… on the councel of Nyce nor yet of Ariminum But would be tryed by the scriptures whiche ought to bee the prooues on eyther parte If anye man obiect the darkenesse of the scripture we wyll graunt that whiche Paule sayeth that the naturall man dothe not perceyue those thynges whiche procede from the spirite of god i. Cor. ii d xiiii Also we with Peter saye that the scripture is not of priuate interpretation ii Pet. i. d xx But if y● darknes of it be such that it cannot lighte our minds why dothe Christe referre vs onely to these scriptures to take coūcel of thē Serch ye the scripture saith he ▪ Ioh. f. xxix Also whē Abrahā was desired of that rich vnhappy man y● was tormented in hell that he woulde sende some manne to warne hys brethren he aunswered they haue Moyses and the Prophetes If they beleue not them
neither if any manne should ryse from death would they beleue him Or howe did they which had the writings of the Apostles onely when neyther bookes nor commentaries were written of thesame But whereas my Lord Cardinall woulde haue that taken for an Apostolike tradition whiche hathe bene receiued of the church at al times in all places and of al men I see not howe these iii. pointes maie be proued For how great diuersitie shal we find in the bookes of auncient fathers yea and euen in the verye articles of oure faith If these wordes should be weyed at all tymes and of all men wher shall we beginn but at the Apostolike church Who shall be firste in order but onely the Apostles Whose liues and doings are partly faithfully written by Luke and partly gathered out of their owne writinges To be shorte we returne at the last to the first foundatiō of the scriptures sith all truthe came from god who cōmaunded the prophets and Apostles to bee interpreters messengers of oure saluation In the meane time we dooe not reiecte the councels of the fathers as farre as they be confirmed with the testimonies of the holye scripture For them as Austine sayeth the holy●… ghost hath so tempered that it which●… in some place is obscurely spoken in some other is expressed more plainlye and more at large And that rule chiefly amonges others he geueth whereb●… we may vnderstande the scriptures i●… that booke whiche he wrote of christia●… doctrine yet there remaineth som●… doubt in this question Some mē hau●… thought that the will of God in these thinges whiche pertaine to oure saluation is not fullye declared in those writinges whiche the Prophetes and Apostles haue lefte vnto vs. Whiche doubte if it should take any place what a gap wer ther opened to all mischefe And certes this was the breache by the which Sathan first pearced into the vine yard of the lord to destroy it God truely before the tune of Moyses with visiōs reuelatiōs directed his church in like maner yeapostles before thei put theyr doctrine in writīg taught yesame by worde of mouth But because the nūber of men encreasing their noughtynesse encreased also the lorde would y● this doctrine shoulde bee contayned in writinges and monumentes Whiche might be vnderstoode and perceiued of al men why so that he might confoūd the impudence and rashnesse of suche as wil set foorth cloke their dreames with the name of tradition reuelation and custome But if the doctrine of god be written onely in some part to what purpose is this remedy Truely it can not be so Iohn spake of the scriptures when he sayeth that those things which are written are written to that ende that we beleuing them may haue life euerlasting Iohn xx ●… ●…xi whiche he had falslye sayde yf thei themselues had concealed any doctrine necessary to life and saluation But Paule when he declareth the vse of scripture vnder the person of Tymothe teacheth all ministers yf anye thing should haue ben added to the scriptures wuld not haue affirmed that by them the man of god is made perfecte i. Timo. ii d. xvi Neither do we denye but y● at all times there haue ben somtraditions of the apostles which be not written But those were suche as pertained to the ciuil order of the churche But forasmuche as many men haue abused this name this great while I thinke good to shewe what traditions ought to bee counted Apostolike Whiche shall not be hard yf in iudgyng and discernyng them we vse the markes For fyrst we must consyder whether they doe agree with the doctryne of the woorde and then whether they bee apte and meete to edify●… For it is certayne that the Apostles dyd neuer institute any rites and ordinaunces whiche eyther directly or els in anye parte were contrarye to theyr owne doctryne or myghte withdrawe menne from spirituall worshippyng whereof theyr owne wrytynges beare sufficiente recorde If thys rule be obserued bothe doctrine shall easilye be discerned frō traditions also false traditions frō the true Neyther are you ignorant how foolishe Tertullian iudgeth their opinions which think that the apostles haue ouerpassed an●…thīg necessary to saluatiō which ether by word of mouth or writīgs thei haue not taught but we will adde more hereto Namely that those things which herein the Apostles decreed were not continuall Truelye their instytutions passe all exception yet neuerthelesse by the rule of charitye they yelded somewhat to the weaknes of men As when the eating of suffocatorū and bloud was forbid the Iewes Also those thynges which Paule himselfe taught and obserued in Timothe and his own persō Ac. 15. f. 25. Act. 16. a. ● i Co. 16. d. xxix i Co. 11. a 7 Which now truly shuld haue no place but by the generall rule of charitye whereby we are willed in things indifferēt to apply our selues to our neighbours Other such like may be gathered of their rytes as of kissing vncouering the head which was the signe of authority and other such lyke whiche at this daye are contrarye to y● customes of many nations amōg whō it would seme most folish the men should kisse the one the other to talke with the heade vncouered is commonly a signe of y● lowest state and condicion These thinges therefore ought to be considered before anye custome be thought Apostolyke Also no man must grounde vppon the authority of the Apostles to trouble the church As it hapned in the cōtrouersye of the daye in the which Easter should be kept whiche bred miserable deuision and euē in the Apostles tyme by those that did abuse the authoritie of the churche at Ierusalē to myngle Iewishnesse wyth Christian religion Of whom it is writen in the Actes of the Apostles where it was decreed by a councell that no man should lay that yoke on mennes cōsciēces Wherby it may easely be perceiued that the Apostles could not be the authoures of so many ceremonies to the which afterwardes Satisfaction merites and remission of sinnes wer attributed For they taught far otherwise And so much they dissented from makyng newe ceremonies that they gaue no place to those of Moses lawe of the whiche God was the author Of thys yoke of traditions obseruances Austine long since writing to Ianuarius much cōplained if he had liued in our tyme how would he haue lamented thē Wherfore to be shorte we desyre that the Scripture whiche herein is playne maye iudge good traditions frō euil holy from prophane profitable frō hurtful necessarye frō superfluous When of these articles we are once agreed this question shall easily be dissolued whether the authoritie of the church be greater thā of the woorde of god which certes is no lesse fonde than if a man should doubte whether the sōn ought to be aboue his father the wife aboue her husbande or man aboue god And sure neuer the true church or any godly mā woulde moue such