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A43978 De corpore politico, or, The elements of law, moral and politick with discourses upon severall heads, as of [brace] the law of nature, oathes and covenants, several kinds of government : with the changes and revolutions of them / by Tho. Hobbs of Malmsbury. Hobbes, Thomas, 1588-1679. 1652 (1652) Wing H2221; ESTC R41339 83,707 190

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himselfe to no greater then Humane Authoritie Nor can a man bee said to submit himselfe to Holy Scripture that doth not submit himselfe to some or other for the Interpretation thereof Or why should there bee any Church Government at all instituted if the Scripture it selfe could doe the Office of a Judge in Controversies of Faith But the Truth is apparent by continuall Experience that men seeke not onely Liberty of Conscience but of their Actions nor that onely but a farther Liberty of perswading others to their Opinions nor that onely for every man desireth that the Soveraign Authoritie should admit no other Opinions to bee maintained but such as hee himselfe holdeth 14. The difficulty therefore of obeying both God and Man in a Christian Common Wealth is none All the difficulty resteth in this Point Whether hee that hath received the Faith of Christ having before subiected himselfe to the Authoritie of an Infidell bee discharged of his Obedience thereby or not in matters of Religion In which case it seemeth reasonable to thinke that since all Covenants of Obedience are entred into for the preservation preservation of a mans life if a man be content without Resistance to lay down his life rather then obey the commands of an Infidel in so hard a Case he hath sufficiently discharged himself thereof For no Covenant bindeth farther then to endeavour and if a man cannot assure himself to perform a iust Duty when thereby he is assured of present Death much less it can be expected that a man should perform that for which he believeth in his heart he shall be damned eternally And thus much concerning the Scruple of Conscience that may arise concerning Obedience to Humane Lawes in them that interpret the Law of God to themselves It remaineth to remove the same scruple from them that submit their controversies to others not ordained thereunto by the Soveraign Authority And this I refer to the Chapter following CHAP. VII 1. The Questions propounded who are the Magistrates in the Kingdome of Christ 2. The Questions exemplified in the Controversies between Moses and Aaron and between Moses and Corah 3. Amongst the Jews the Power Temporal and Spiritual in the same Hand 4. Parallel of the Twelve Princes of Israel and the twelve Apostles 5. Parallel of Seventy Elders and Seventy Disciples 6. The Hierarchy of the Church in our Saviours time consisted in the Twelve and in the Seventy 7. Why Christ ordained not Priests for Sacrifices as Moses did 8. The Hierarchy of the Church in the Apostles time Apostles Bishops and Priests 9. The Preaching of the Gospel was not commanding but perswading 10. Excommunication Soveraignes immediate Rulers Ecclesiasticall under Christ 11. That no man hath any just Pretence of Religion against Obedience to Common-VVealth God speaketh to Man by his Vicegerents IN the former Chapter have been removed those difficulties opposing our Obedience to Humane Authority which arise from misunderstanding of our Saviours Title and Lawes in the former whereof namely his Title consisteth our Faith and in the latter our Justice Now they who differ not amongst themselves concerning his Title and Lawes may neverthelesse have different opinions concerning his Magistrates and the Au●hority he hath given them And this is the cause why many Christians have denyed Obedience to their Princes pretending that our Saviour Christ hath not given this Magistracy to them but to others As for example some say to the Pope universally some to a Synod Aristocratical Some to a Synod Democraticall in every several Common VVealth and the Magistrates of Christ being they by whom he speaketh the Question is Whether he ●peak unto us by the Pope or by Convocations of Bishops and Ministers or by Them that have the Soveraign Power in every Common-Wealth 2. This Controversie was the cause of those two Mutinies that happened against Moses in the Wilderness The first by Aaron and his Sister Miriam who took upon them to censure Moses for marrying an Ethiopian woman And the state of the Question between them and Moses they set forth Numb. 12.2 in these words VVhat hath the Lord spoken but only by Moses hath be not spoken also by us and the Lord heard this c. and punished the same in Miriam forgiving Aaron upon his Repentance And this is the case of all them that set up the Priest-hood against the Soveraignty The other was of Corah Dathan and Abiram who with two hundred and fifty Captains gathered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron The state of their Controversie was this Whether God were not with the Multitude as well as with Moses and every man as holy as he For Numb. 16.3 thus they say You take too much upon you seeing all the Congregation is holy every one of them and the Lord is amongst them wherefore then lift ye your selves above the Congregation of the Lord And this is the case of them that set up their private Consciences and unite themselves to take the Government of Religion out of the hands of Him or Them that have the Soveraign Power of the Common Wealth which how well it pleaseth God may appear by the hideous punishment of Corah and his Complices 3. In the Government therefore of Moses there was no power neither Civil nor Spiritual that was not derived from him Nor in the State of Israel under Kings was there any Earthly Power by which those Kings were compellable to any thing or any Subiect allowed to resist them in any case whatsoever For though the Prophets by extraordinary calling did often admonish and threaten them yet they had no Authority over them And therefore amongst the Jews the power Spirituall and Temporall was alwayes in the same Hand 4. Our Saviour Christ as he was the rightful King of the Jewes in particular as well as King of the Kingdome of Heaven in the ordaining of Magistrates received that form of Policy which was used by Moses According to the number of the Children of Jacob Moses tooke unto him by the appointment of God Numb. 1.4 twelve men every one of the chief of their Tribe which were to assist him in the Muster of Israel And these twelve vers. 24. are called the Princes of Israel Twelve men every one for the house of their Fathers which are said also Numb. 7.2 To be heads over the Houses ●f their Fathers and Princes of the Tribes and ●ver them that were numbred And these were every one equall amongst themselves In like manner our Saviour tooke unto him Twelve Apostles to be next unto him in Authority of whom he saith Matth. 19.28 When the Son of Man shall sit in the Throne of his Maiesty ye shall follow me in the Regeneration shall sit also upon Twelve Thrones and iudge the Twelve Tribes of Israel And concerning the equality of the Twelve Apostles amongst themselves our Saviour saith Matth. 20.25 Ye know that the Lords of the Gentiles have Domination over them c. vers. 26. But
also all such as be evidently inferred from thence as Belief in God the Father Joh. 12.44 He that beleveth in me believeth not in me but in him that sent me 1 Joh. 2.23 He that denyeth the Son hath not the Father Belief in God the Holy Ghost of whom Christ saith Joh. 14.26 But the Comforter which is the Holy Ghost whom the Father will send in my Name And Joh. 15.16 But when the comforter shall come whom I will send unto you from the Father even the Spirit of truth Beleife of the scriptures by which we beleeve those points and of the immortality of the Soul without which we cannot beleeve that he is a Saviour 7. And as these are the fundamentall points of faith necessary to salvation so also are they only necessary as matter of faith ●nd also essential to the calling of a christian as may appear by many evident places of Holy Scripture Joh. 5.39 Search the Scriptures for in them you think to have eteral life and they are they which testifie of me Now forasmuch as by the Scripture is meant there the Old Testament the New being then not written the beleife of that which was written concerning our Saviour in the old Testament was sufficient beleife for the obtaining of Eternal Life but in the old Testament there is nothing revealed concerning Christ but that he is the Messiah and such things as belong to the Fundamentall Points thereupon depending And therefore those fundamental Points are sufficient to salvation as of Faith And Joh. 6.28.29 Then sayd they unto him what shall we do that we might work the works of God Jesus answered and said unto them this is the work of God that ye beleeve in him whom he hath sent So that the Point to be beleived is That Jesus Christ came forth from God and he which believeth it worketh the works of God Joh. 11.26.27 Whosoever liveth and beleiveth in me shall never dye Beleevest thou this She sayd unto him yea Lord I beleeve that thou art the Christ the Son of God which should come into the World Hence followeth He that beleiveth this shall never dye Joh. 20.31 But these things are wri●ten that ye might beleeve that Jesus is the Christ the Son of God and that in beleiving ye might have life through his Name By which appeareth that this Fundamentall Point is all that is required as of Faith to our Salvation 1 Joh. 4.2 Every Spirit that confesseth that Jesus Christ is come into the flesh is of God 1 Joh. 5.1 Whosoever beleiveth that J●s●s is the Christ is born of God and ver. 5. Who is it that overcometh the World but he that beleiveth that Jesus is the Son of God and vers. 13. These things have I written unto you that beleeve in the Name of The Son of God that ye may know that ye have ●ternall life Act. 8.36.37 The Eunuch said Here is Water what doth let me to be baptized And Philip said unto him if thou beleevest with i● thy heart thou mayst He answered and sayd I beleeve that Jesus Christ is the Son of God This point therefore was sufficient for the reception of Man into Baptisme that is to say to Christianity And Act. 16.30 The Keeper of the Prison fell down before Paul and Silas and said Sirs what shall I do to be saved And they sayd beleeve in the Lord Jesus Christ And the Sermon of S. Peter upon the day of Pentecost was nothing else but an explication that Jesus was the Christ And when they had heard him asked him what shal we do he said unto them Ac. 2.38 Amend your lives and be baptized evry one of you in the Name of Jesus Christ for the Remission of sins Rom. 10.9 If thou shalt conf●ss with thy mouth the Lord Jesus and shalt beleeve in thy heart that God raised him up from the Dead thou shalt be saved To these places may be added that wheresoever our Savior Christ doth approve the Faith of any man the Proposition beleeved if the same to be collected out of the Text is alway some of those Fundamentall Points before mentioned or something Equivalent as the Faith of the Centurion Mat. 8.8 Speake the word only and my Servant shall be healed beleiving he was omnipotent The Faith of the Woman which had an Issue of Blood Math 9.21 If I may but touch the Hem of his Garment implying he was the Messiah The Faith required of the blind men Mat. 9.28 Beleeve you that I am able to do this The Faith of the Canaanitish Woman Matth. 15.22 That he was the Son of David implying the same And so it is in every one of those places none excepted where our Saviour commendeth any mans Faith which because they are too many to insert here I omit and refer them to his Inquisition that is not otherwise satisfied And as there is no other Faith required so there was no other preaching for the Prophets of the Old Testament preached no other and John the Baptist preached only the Approach of the Kingdome of Heaven that is to say of the Kingdome of Christ the same was the commission of the Apostles Mat. 10.7 Go preach saying the kingdome of Heaven is at hand And Paul preaching amongst the Jews Act. 18.5 did but testifie unto the Jews that Jesus was the Christ And the Heathens took notice of Christians no otherwise but by this name that they beleeved Jesus to be a King crying out Act. 17.6 These are they that have subverted the state of the World and here they are whom Jason hath received And these all doe against the Decrees of Caesar saying that there is another King One Jesus And this was the Sum of the Predictions the Sum of the Confessions of them that beleeved as well Men as Devils This was the Title of his Crosse Jesus of Nazareth King of the Jewes This the occasion of the Crowne of Thorns Scepter of Reed and a man to carry his Crosse This was the Subiect of the Hosan●a's And this was the Title by which our Saviour commanding to take another mans goods bad them say The Lord hath need And by this Title he purged the Temple of the profane market kept there Nor did the Apostles themselves believe any more then that Jesus was the M●ssiah nor understand so much for they understood the Messiah to be no more then a Temporall King till after our Saviours Resurrection Furthermore this Point that Christ is the Messiah is particularly set forth for Fundamentall by that word or some other equivalent thereunto in divers places Upon the Confession of Peter Matth. 16.16 Thou art the Christ the Son of the living God Our Saviour ver. 18. saith Upon this Rock will I build my Church This point therefore is the whole Foundation of Christs Church Rom. 15.20 S. Paul raith I so inforced my self to preach the Gospel not where Christ was named lest I should have built upon another mans foundation 1 Cor. 3.10