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A44486 A tract concerning schism and schismaticks wherein is briefly discovered the original causes of all schism / by the ever-memorable Mr. John Hales ... Hales, John, 1584-1656. 1700 (1700) Wing H279; ESTC R174 9,812 17

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and yet you know not how to frame your Resolution and settle your self for that doubt I will say no more of you than was said of Papias St. John's own Scholar Your Abilities are not so good as I presumed But to go on with what I intended and from that that diverted me that you may the better judge of the nature of Schisms by their occasions you shall find that all Schisms have crept into the Church by one of these three ways either upon matter of Fact or upon matter of Opinion or point of Ambition for the first I call that matter of Fact when something is required to be done by us which either we know or strongly suspect to be unlawful So the first notable Schism of which we read in the Church contained in it matter of Fact for it being upon Error taken for necessary that an Easter must be kept and upon worse than Error if I may so speak for it was no less than a Point of Judaism forced upon the Church upon worse than Error I say thought farther necessary that the Ground of the Time for keeping of that Feast must be the Rule left by Moses to the Jews there arose a stout Question Whether we were to celebrate with the Jews on the fourteenth Moon or the Sunday following This matter tho' most unnecessary most vain yet caused as great a Combustion as ever was in the Church the West separating and refusing Communion with the East for many Years together In this fantastical Hurry I cannot see but all the World were Schismaticks neither can any thing excuse them from that Imputation excepting only this that we charitably suppose that all Parties did what they did out of Conscience a thing which befel them through the ignorance of their Guides for I will not say through their Malice and that through the just Judgment of God because through Sloth and blind Obedience Men examined not the things which they were taught but like Beasts of Burthen patiently couch'd down and indifferently underwent whatsoever their Superiors laid upon them By the way by this we may plainly see the danger of our Appeal to Antiquity for Resolution in controverted Points of Faith and how small Relief we are to expect from thence for if the Discretion of the chiefest Guides and Directors of the Church did in a Point so trivial so inconsiderable so mainly fail them as not to see the Truth in a Subject wherein it is the greatest Marvel how they could avoid the Sight of it Can we without the Imputation of great Grossness and Folly think so poor-spirited Peasons competent Judges of the Questions now on foot betwixt the Churches Pardon me I know what Temptation drew that Note from me The next Schism which had in it matter of Fact is that of the Donatists who were perswaded at least pretended so that it was unlawful to converse or communicate in Holy Duties with Men stained in any notorious Sin for howsoever that Austin do specifie only the Thurificati Traditores and Libellatioi c. as if he separated only from those whom he found to be such yet by necessary proportion he must referr to all notorious Sinners Upon this he taught that in all Places where Good and Bad were mix'd together there could be no Church by reason of Pollution co-operating away from Sinners which blasted righteous Persons which conversed with them and made all unclean On this Ground separating himself from all that he list to suspect he gave out that the Church was no where to be found but in him and his Associates as being the only Men among whom wicked Persons found no Shelter and by consequence the only clean and unpolluted Company and therefore the only Church Against this St. Augustine laid down this Conclusion Vnitatem Ecclesiae per totum mundum dispersae praeceptam non esse disserendam which is indeed the whole Summ of that Father's Disputation against the Donatists Now in one part of this Controversie one thing is very remarkable The Truth was there where it was by meer Chance and might have been on either side the reason brought by either Party notwithstanding For tho' it were de facto false that pars Donati shut up in Africk was the only Orthodox Party yet it might be true notwithstanding any thing St. Augustine brings to confute it and on the contrary tho' it were de facto true that the Part of Christians dispersed over the whole Earth were Orthodox yet it might have been false notwithstanding any thing St. Augustine brings to confirm it For where or amongst whom or how many the Church shall be or is is a thing indifferent it may be in any Number more or less it may be in any Place Country or Nation it may be in all and for ought I know it may be in none without the Prejudice to the Definition of a Church or the Truth of the Gospel North or South many or few dispersed in many Places or confined to one None of these do either prove or disprove a Church Now this Schism and likewise that former to a wise Man that well understands the Matter in Controversie may afford perchance Matter of Pity to see Men so strangely distracted upon Fancy but of doubt or trouble what to do it can yield none for tho' in this Schism the Donatist be the Schismatick and in the former both Parties be equally engaged in the Schism yet you may safely upon your Occasions communicate with either if so be you flatter neither in their Schism For why might it not be lawful to go to Church with the Donatist or to celebrate Easter with the Quartodeciman if occasion so require since neither Nature nor Religion nor Reason doth suggest any thing of moment to the contrary For in all Publick Meetings pretending Holiness so there be nothing done but what true Devotion and Piety brook why may I not be present in them and use communion with them Nay what if those to whom the execution of the publick Service is committed do something either unseemly or suspicious or peradventure unlawful what if the Garments they wear be censured nay indeed be suspicious what if the Gesture or Adoration to be used to the Altars as now we have learned to speak what if the Homilist have preached or delivered any Doctrine of the Truth of which we are not well perswaded a thing which very often falls out yet for all this we may not separate except we be constrained personally to bear part in them our selves The Priests under Ely had so ill demeaned themselves about the daily Sacrifices that the Scripture tells us they made them to stink yet the People refused not to come to the Tabernacle nor to bring their Sacrifice to the Priest For in those Schisms which concern Fact nothing can be a just cause of refusing of Communion but only to require the execution of some unlawful or suspected Act for not only in Reason