the fifts daughters to the Daulphin of Viennois saies ita suos Principes vocitabant Allobroges And in a Monasterie of the â—acobits at Paris I speak it vpon the credit of o Cosmog lib. 3. part 2. cap. 40. P. Merula the Epitaph of Humbert is thus conceiud Cy gist le pere tres illustre Seigneur Humbert iadis Dauphin de Viennois puis Laissant sa principaute fuit fait frere de nostre ordre Prieur de ce CoueÌ„t de Paris et en fine Patriarche d'Alexandrie et perpetuel Administrateur de l' Archeuesché de Reims Principal Bien-facteur de ce nostre Couent Il mourut l'an du grace mil trois cens cinquante cinq Hence som collection may be that Daulphin or Dauphin is taken as signyficant for Prince But not euery heire apparant with them is called Daulphin It s only the sonne and heire which hath indeed its ground in the first Donation Euery other heire apparant supposing their law Salique which excludes Females is calld the Monsieur as not many yeers since Francis Duke of Alençon and brother and heire to Henrie III. and in the memory of our Fathers Francis Duke of Engoulesme brother to Lewes II. and afterward King For their law Salique because few know any thing of it though all talk of it and it belongs to this purpose a word or two There are yet remaining and in p Edit Optima ap Goldast Constit Imperial Tom. 3. Print Leges Salicae composd as they say by foure Counsellors about Pharamunds time Wisogast Bodogast som call him Losogast Salogast and Windogast or Husogast In them you shall read thus De terra verò Salica nulla portio Haereditatis Mulieri veniat sed ad Virilem sexum Tota terrae haereditas perueniat The best interpretation of Terra salica although some will haue q Apud Hadrian Iun. in Batauiae cap. 9. it Regiam Terram Dominium Coronae Maiestatis Regiae Francorum is by our word Knights fee or land held by Knights seruice Som deriue it from * Goropius Francic ib. 2. Sal contracted from Sadel or Sadle signifying alike with vs and the old Franks which were Teutonique and calld also Salians And not long since in an Arrest in the Parliament at Burdeaux vpon controuersie r Bodin de Repub lib. 6. cap. 5. twixt two Gentlemen for priority of their houses a very old Testament being produced whereby the Testator had deuised his Salique land it was resolud in point of iudgement that this name interpreted Fiefs And who knows not that Fiefs originally were militarie gifts and as the same with our Knights Fees But the Crown or any suprem Dominion cannot be calld a Fief or Fee whose essence consists in beeing held by some tenure And good Lawiers haue thought that the text extends no otherwise Whereupon I think one now liuing s Hierom. Bignon de l'excellencie des Rois. liure 3. at Paris speaking of their Royall succession by them allowd only to Masles makes it rather a perpetuall custom then particular Law Ce n'est point saith he vn loye ecritte mais nee auec nous que nous n'auons point inventée mais l'auons puisse de Nature mesme qui le nous a ainsi apris donne cet instinct But why then is it call'd Salique and why was that law so vrg'd against our Soueraign of famous memorie Edward III. To be long and curious vpon this matter fits not this place But Goropius vndertakes a coniecture of the first cause which excluded Gynaecocratie or femall succession and gouernment among them and ghesses it to haue proceeded from their obseruation of a great misfortune in Warre which their neighbours the Bructerans a people anciently about the now Ouer-Isel one of the XVII Prouinces from neer whom he as many others deriues the Franks endur'd in time of Vespasian vnder the conduct and Empire of one e v. Tacit. Histor 4. Velleda a Ladie euen of diuine estimation amongst them But howsoeuer the Law be in truth or interpretable it is certain that to this day they haue a vse of ancient time which commits to the care of some of the greatest Peers that they when the Queen is in child-birth be present and warily obserue least the Ladies should priuily counterfeit the enheritable sex by supposing som other Male when the true birth is female or by any such means wrong their ancient custom Roiall as of this Lewes XIII born on the last of September in M. DC is after other such f Rodulph Boter Comment 8. rememberd Before the title of Daulphin I find not any speciall name for the French heir apparant Both He and his brothers are vsually in their old stories calld generally Reges as the Children of the Saxon Kings with vs are g V. Ethelwerd lib. 2. cap. 18. recentiorum complures Clytones or Clytunculi Dedit etiam consilium Edricus vt Clitunculos Eadwardum Eadmundum Regis Eadmundi filios necaret saith Roger of Houeden This Clyto Clito and Clitunculus they had from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. inclytus by which they interpreted their Saxon word Eðeling Etheling i. Noble One h Nith Angilbert hist. lib. 4. Atqui Vet. Saxonum Gens in Nobiles Liberos Libertos Seruos dispertita est ab Einhardo apud Adam Bremens hist. Eccles. cap. 5 Abbat Vrspergensem speaking of the German Saxons vnder Charles le maine hath Gens omnis in tribus ordinibus diuisa consistit Sunt n. inter illos qui Edhilingi that is Ethelingi sunt qui Frilingi sunt qui Lazzi illorum linguâ dicuntur Latinâ verò linguâ sunt Nobiles Ingenuiles atque seruiles And that Edgar sonne to Edward sonne of Edmond Ironside the last heire to the Crown of the Saxon line not mixt with the Norman is in Houeden Marian Florence and others calld Clyto Edgarus Clyto whom Henry of Huntingdon Matthew Paris and such more stile Edgarus Etheling i 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pro VV. Nobilissimis vt videtur Ducibus siue 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sumitur Canut leg cap. 55. or Adeling where by the way note Polydore's ignorance titling him Edgarus cognomento Ethelingius his surname being no more Etheling then the now Englands Darling Charles his is Prince or indeed then Polydore's was Ignorant After the Conquest no speciall title more then Primogenitus filius Regis was for the Prince vntill the name of PRINCE OF WALES came to him Yet Polydore speaking of Henry the first his making his sonne William Duke of Normandie addes hinc mos serpsit vt Reges deinceps Filium Maiorem natu quem sibi successorem optassent Normanniae principatu donarent But the time which interceded Henry the first and K. Iohn vnder whom Normandie was lost will not iustifie any such thing as an honorarie Duty to the English Heires He afterward in Henry III. his XXXIX yeer saies that in Parliament Edwardus Regis filius he
TITLES of HONOR By John Selden Lucilius Persium non curo legere Laelium Decimum volo LONDON By William Stansby for Iohn Helme and are to be sold at his shop in S. Dunstans Church-yard M. DC XIV To my most beloued Friend and Chamberfellow M. Edward Heyward SIr Had I not been such a remote stranger to Greatnes yet beyond you scarce should I haue sought a Name to Honor this place Being as fortune hath plac't mee I well could not without charging my Freedome of spirit with what as the worst in Manners it euer hated Flatterie But I was resolu'd that as the Architecture of olde Temples you know was either Dorique Jonique or Corinthian according to the Deity 's seuerall nature so in analogie should Gifts of this kind be to the Receiuers that Bookes should most fitly be consecrated to true louers of Goodnes and all good Learning I would call Books onely those which haue in them either of the two obiects of Mans best part Verum or Bonum and to an instructing purpose handled not what euer onely speaks in Print and hath its litle worth ending in its many words In this of Mine dealing with Verum chiefly in matter of Storie and Philologie I giue you the greatest interest that in a thing of so Publique right may be enioyed Your more noble Studies Vertue Learning and your Loue to what euer is in those Names made you most capable of it And to speake here freely the speciall worth of your Qualitie and of some more luti melioris compar'd with that world of Natures infinitely varied by basenesse of Spirit Daring ignorance Bewitcht sight worst of inclination expressions of scarce more that 's not Bestiall then what Clothes and Coffers can and the like haue made me I confesse doubt in the Theorie of Nature whether all known by the name of MAN as the lowest Species bee of one Forme So Generous so Ingenuous so proportion'd to good such Fosterers of Vertue so Industrious of such Mould are the Few so Inhuman so Blind so Dissembling so Vain so iustly Nothing but what 's Ill disposition are the Most Our long societie of life and the special Desert which you know you may truly challenge of my Endeuors entitled You to it as from Mee Neuer shall I not confesse you to haue been to me 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Some yeer since it was finish't wanting only in some parts my last hand which was then preuented by my dangerous and tedious sicknesse being thence freed as you know too that were a continuall most friendly and carefull witnesse by the Bounteous humanitie and aduise of that learned Phisician Doctor Robert Floyd whom my Memorie alwaies honors I was at length made able to perfit it And thus I employd the breathing times which from the so different studies of my Profession were allowed mee Nor hath the Prouerbiall assertion that the Lady Common Law mustly alone euer wrought with mee farther then like a Badge of his Familie to whom by the testimonie of the wisest man euery way seems full of Thornes and that vses to excuse his labour with a Lion's in the way I call you not my Patron Truth in my References Likelyhood in my Coniectures and the whole Composture shal be in steed of One and of all else which like inuocations of Titulina might be vsed It comes to you only that if it liue it may be an enduring testimonie of our Loues and your Desert Happinesse euer second your wishes Uiue diù nostri Pignus memorabile Voti with you at the Inner Temple Septemb. XXIII M. DC XIV To that singular Glory of our Nation and Light of Britaine M. Camden Clarenceulx 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 J. Selden 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 BEN IONSON TO HIS HONORD FRIEND M r IOHN SELDEN HEALTH I Know to whome I write Here I am sure Though I be short I cannot be obscure Lesse shall I for the art or dressing care Since naked best Truth and the Graces are Your Booke my Selden I haue read and much Was trusted that you thought my judgment such To aske it though in most of Workes it be A penance where a man may not be free Rather then office When it doth or may Chance that the Friends affection proues allay Vnto the censure Yours all need doth flye Of this so vitious humanitie Then which there is not vnto Studie ' a more Pernicious enemie Wee see before A many ' of Bookes euen good judgments wound Thēselues through fauoring that is there not found But I to yours farre from this fault shall doo Not flye the crime but the suspicion too Though I confesse as euery Muse hath err'd And mine not least I haue too oft preferr'd Men past their termes and prais'd some names too much But 't was with purpose to haue made them such Since being deceiu'd I turne a sharper eye Vpon my selfe and aske to whome and why And what I write and vexe it ' manie dayes Before men get a verse much lesse a prayse So that my Reader is assur'd I now Meane what I speake and still will keepe that vow Stand forth my object then You that haue been Euer at home yet haue all Countries seene And like a Compasse keeping one foot still Vpon your center do your circle fill Of generall knowledge watch'd men manners too Heard what past times haue said seen what ours do Which Grace shall I make loue to first your skill Or faith in things Or is' t your wealth and will To informe and teach Or your vnwearied paine Of gath'ring Bountie ' in pouring out againe What Fables haue you vex'd What Truth redeemd Antiq'uities search'd Opinions disesteem'd Impostures branded and Authorities vrg'd What Blots Errors haue you watch'd and purg'd Records and Authors of How rectified Times Manners Customes Innouations spied Sought out the Fountaines Sources Creekes Paths Wayes And noted the Beginnings and Decayes Where is that nominall Marke or reall Rite Forme Art or Ensigne that hath scap'd your sight How are Traditions there examin'd How Conjectures retriu'd And a Storie now And then of times beside the bare conduct Of what it tells vs weau'd in to instruct I wonder'd at the richnesse but am lost To see the workmanship so exceed the cost To marke the excellent seas'nings of your stile And masculine elocution not one while With horror rough then rioting with wit But to the subiect still the colours fit In sharpnesse of all search wisdome of choice Newnesse of sense antiquitie of voice I yeeld I yeeld The Matter of your prayse
quem Rex nullus habet adeptus es vt Christianae Fideae Defensor scribaris tenearis sis It was giuen him about the XII yeer of his raigne Catholique is as a Surname to the Spanish King which Pope Alexander VI. gaue as an inheritance to Ferdinand V. King of Castile and Arragon Obserue the Iesuit Mariana's relation Ab Alexandro Pontifice saith he Ferdinandus puellae pater he was father to Ioan wife of Philip Archduke of Austira CATHOLICI Cognomentum accepti in posteros cum regno trà nsfusum stabili possessione Honorum titulos Principibus diuidere Pontificibus Romanis datur Erat in more vt in literis Apostolicis adscriberetur REX CASTELLAe ILLVSTRI Ergo deinde nouâ indulgentia adscribi placuit REGI HISPANIARVM CATHOLICO non sine Obtrectatione invidia Regis Lusitani quando Ferdinandê° imperio vniuersam HispaniaÌ„ non obtineret eius tum non exiguâ parte penes Reges alios Here then according to him was the beginning of it as a title properly denominating and hereditarie although Alfonso sonne in law to Pelagius by marriage of his daughter Ormisinda and Recared or Richard Kings of West-gothique bloud there long before enioyed it the first as a surname for his religion and Martiall performance against the Maures the other by acclamation in the III. Councell of Toledo And in the old Roman Prouinciall a Catalogue of Kings is expressing Rex Castellae Rex Legionis Rex Portugalensis Rex Aragoniae with diuers others of other Territories and then REX CATHOLICVS by that generall name The Prouinciall was writen I am sure my Copie was before Alexander VI. yet I cannot vnderstand who is there ment by Catholicus except their King of Astures whose Dynastie was ioynd about M. XX. with Castile For Castile Leon Portugal and Aragon are reckon'd beside and that Alfonso about DCCXXX had the Asturian Kingdom and to him most refer the originall of Catholicus Diuers of the Constantinopolitan Emperors were wont to haue as part of their title Porphyrogenetes or Porphyrogenetus for although there be one of them known by the speciall name of Constantine Porphyrogenetus that is hee which held part of his Empire with Alexander about DCCCC X. and was sonne to Leo VI. and whose admonitions of State Constitutions and Themata are yet extant and publisht yet plainly that was no name proper to him in particular For he himself calls other u De administrando Rom. Imp. cap. 45. Filium item Romanum in libri titulo hoc nomine compellat 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And Basilius his Nouels are yet extant being before them the same name So Emanuel Comnenus in his inscription to the Western Emperor Conrad III. vses it And in the Bodleian Library at Oxford is a Ms. written some L. yeers since by a Cretan Scribe in Paris a worke of one Iohn Camaterus about Iudiciary Astrologie with this insciption 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 x Quid sit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 haùt inter doctos satis constat Maximae sanè dignitatis Officium fuisse liquet à Magno Contostaulo secunduÌ„ tametsi le cum eius ignotum tradit Georg. Codinus ad quem consulas Fr. IuniuÌ„ Sed Gregentij verba Meursio citata perpendas Cancellarium fuisse fortè non iniuriâ dixeris Si de Loco testimonium quaeris adi Iuris Graeâ—o-Romani lib. 2. p. 184. v. Radeuic de gest Frederic 1. lib. 1. cap. 47. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Who this Camaterus was or to what Emperor he wrote I confesse I cannot tell but it appears hee took this title so fit that vsing only but the name of Emperor besides he thought it Tittle sufficient for his dedication Yet you must not take it as solely proper to the Emperors To diuers of the neerer bloud imperiall its found attributed Iohn Palaeologus nephew to Andronicus first Emperor of that both name and family is called y Curopalat de Offic. Constant. the sonne of Porphyrogenetes So Constantius sonne to Constantine Ducas hath it in the Lady Anna Comnena hir Alexias This Lady Anne was daughter to Alexius Comnenus the Emperor and wrote hir fathers acts and affairs of Warre and State in the later and corrupted idiom of the Greeks Hir copies being very corrupt and maimed She is also in the title of hir book stiled Anna Porphyrogennetes Thomas brother to their last Emperor Constantin surnamd Dragasis in a confirmation z Turco-Graec lib. 4. Ep. 50. of a sale of lands subscribes himself with it More examples occurre in George Phranzes and others The reason of the name learned men haue mist. But it is plain in truth that it comes from a Palace built as a Luitprand Hist. 1. cap. 2. some say by Constantine the Great chiefly to this end that there the Empresses should be deliuerd and keep the solemnities of Childbirth The Lady Anne whom I rememberd shall iustifie it She speaking of Robert Guiscards death hee is alwayes calld in her storie Rompert and her fathers Triumph wherein hee returnd to Constantinople saies that there he found Irene the Empresse her mother in trauell in a house anciently appointed for the Empresses childbirth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith b Alexiados l. 6. shee 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. They call that house from ancient time Porphyra whence the name of the Porphyrogeniti * Latinè in Porphyra geniti came into the world With her herein expressely agree Constantin Manasses and Luitprand and a place in Anastasius touching Constantin VII depriud of his eyes by his ambitious mother Irene Incluserunt cum are the words in domo Pupureâ in qua natus est Hereto I doubt not but speciall allusion is in that of a Greek c Io. Euchaitens in Hypomneum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Poet although a Bishop yet writing in a courtly form of Flatterie to Zoe Empresse and wife to Coustantin Monomachus about M. L. of Christ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and so Anna Comnena calls her selfe 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for she was born in that Palace Briefly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Purpura natus i. born in the place so called are all one and assumd by such as were there born Neither is any question to be made of this reason of the name although Pontanus who for the Orientall story hath well deserud still leaues it as a doubt not vnderstanding Nicetas d Hist. 5. Tmemat 6. Pontanus verò ad Phranz l. 1. c. 6. de hac re dubitat Uulcanius ad Themata Constantini quod miror Diù verò est cum doctissimus Cuiacius rem doctè tetigerit Obseru 6. cap. 9. Choniates where he speaks of the Empresses being neer her time of deliuery and addes that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Palace Porphyra was prepard to receiue the Birth But Pontanus turns Porphyra by purpura as if it were for Purple cloth in such a sense
aliae Coronae non habent And the bearing or the top of the Arch in the Emperors and in our Soueraignes is a Mound and a Crosse in that of the French King a Fleur de lis on the Popes a Crosse. For hee as a Temporall Prince also bears his Crown vpon grant pretended from Constantine * Uidè verò Platinam in Syluest 1. the Great The words of the Donation as it is offerd to the worlds sight are these In praesentiarum tradimus primum quidem Lateranense nostri Regni palatium quod omnibus in Orbe Terrarnm Palatijs praefertur eminet Deinceps Diadema id est Coronam capitis Nostri But the credit of this Donation is before e Pag. 56. toucht And the Monks haue affirmed that f Sigebert Gemblac sub anno 510. the Popes Crown call'd Regnum was that which the Emperor Anastasius sent for a present to Chlouis the first Christian King of France and that Chlouis then bestowd it on the Pope The generall consent mongst Christian Princes in wearing them of gold proceeded from the Kings of Gods chosen people who vsing Crowns of gold and precious stones 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith an ancient g Clem. Alex Paedagog 2. ca. 8. Father 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Being annointed bare Christ symbolically on their head He alludes to the Ointment pourd on our Sauiour and the gold offerd to him as a King How well then this must fit a Christian Prince appears plainly Yet vpon occasion other Crowns haue so metimes by them been worn and that Chaplets of leaues which you see in the example of Frederique Barbarossa whose Chaplet or Crown of Rue remains yet borne bendwise vpon the Baries of the Dukedom of Saxonie For when Bernard sonne of Albert Urso Marquesse of Brandeburg and brother to Otho the then Marquesse and to Sifrid Archbishop of Breme was made Duke of Saxonie by the Emperor he desird the Emperor to haue some difference added to his Armes that so his might be distinguisht from his brothers Tunc imperator saith h Saxon. lib. 4. cap. 37. lib. 9. cap. 19. Krantzius vt erat Coronatus per aestum Ruteam Coronam iniecit ex obliquo supplicantis Clypeo which afterward saith he was born so on their Coat being before barry Sable and Or. The Moscouite or Russian Emperor being Christian and of the Greek Church and titling himself a King as is already shewd wears no Crown of gold or other mettall but only a Rich Cap of i Paul Oderborn vit Theodori 1. Furple if my Author deceiue not and for his Ornaments you shall heare an k Sigismund Liber in reb Moscouitic Embassador from the Archduke to Basilius then Emperor there thus describing his presence of State Princeps in loco eminentiore ac illustri pariete imagine Diui cuiusdam splendente aperto capite sedebat habebát que à Dextra in Scamno pileum Kopack sinistra verò baculum cum Cruce Posoch atque peluim cum duobus gutturnijs adiuncto impositoque mantili Aiunt Principem cum Oratori Romanae fidei manum porrigat credere homini se immundo impuro porrigere atque ideò co dimisso manus lauare which for that speciall custome the rather I cited But out of what is here deliuerd may well bee collected that Victor or Warnfreds Assertions of Diocletian and Aurelian which others follow also may stand with that of Cedren touching Constantine if you so interpret Constantins Diadem that he was the first that in imitation of the Iewish Kings tooke a Crown of their kind of l Vide si placet Card. Baronium tom 3. qui coniecturae huic nostrae adamussim antiquorum numismatum fide nixus astipulatur Materialls for a Royall Diadem before whom the Cloth or Fillet was vsd mongst his neer Predecessors For it might well be so in him that was so much an Author and Propagator of Christianity in his Empire And his Nation haue a tradition of a Crown and other habiliments sent him m Constant. Porphyrog cap. 12. from heauen the relation whereof I willingly abstaine from but for this matter adde that I ghesse the Iewish Kings had their's Radiant vpon that of our Sauiours of Thorns For since they purposd in their mockeries to imitate in their markes of Royalty the Crown Scepter and Robe of a true King what in a Crown of Thornes was better resembled then a Crown Radiant Neer what the Duke n Paschal de Coronis l. 9. c. 13. of Florence his is by gift from Pope Pius Quintus More of their formes will appear in fitter place when we speak of them as they are the ornament Of other but Inferior Dignities Some o Galfred Monum lib. 1. 9. autority is that Dunuallo Molmutius wore a gold Diadem mongst our old Britons and that Athelstan the first of Saxon Kings I am too suspicious of my Author to make you beleeu it as a truth and Ethelwerd that liued in DCCCCL of Christ speaking of Edward successor to Alured and predecessor to Athelstan expressely sayes that he was Coronatus stemmate Regali which was but XL. or L. yeares before Ethelwerds time who being a Great man and of the bloud Royall might easily in that know what he said The traditions of Scotland are that vntil King Achaius the royal Crown from their first Ferguse was of Gold Militaris valli p Hector Boet. Hist. 2. 10. Circa An. 800. forma or plaine But that hee added to the plain Circular Crown quatuor lilia aurea quatuor cum salutiferae Crucis aureis signis paribus interuallis discretis lilijs paulo eminentoribus And to this Achaius is attributed the addition of the Bordure fleury about the Scotish Lion Significans saith Hector Francorum opibus quibuscum foedus inierat Leonem exinde muniendum Of the Westgoths in Spaine it s expressely deliuerd that the first q Roderic Tolet. lib. 2. cap. 14. Marian. lib. 5. cap. 13. which Regia 〈…〉 signia atque instrumentum principale Trabeam sceptrum Diadema gestauit was Lewigild about DLXXX of Christ. Nam ante cum saith Isidore habitus consessus communis vt genti ita legibus erat I haue here differd from what Alexander ab Alexandro Paschalius and others deliuer of Crowns and Diadems But I imagine it is easier for me much to iustifie my assertions then they those of theirs gainst which mine are here opposd I appeale to my cited autors But more proper to Royall Maiestie from all antiquitie hath the SCEPTER been Although Homer giue his Kings no Crowns yet he specially giues them Scepters and calls them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Kings with Scepters And hee makes Agamemnons only note of supremacie a Scepter which he saies Vulcan made and gaue Ioue from whom Mercury receiud it from him Pelops from whom Atreus from Atreus Thyestes who left it to a Iliad 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 rectè 〈◊〉
bellum mandarat Athenis Infestus Populo totius vrbis erat Ibat Aristoteles caute temptare tyrannum Si prece vir tantus flectere posset eum Quem procul intuitus Sceptrum Capitisque salutem Testans non faciam si qua regobis ait Mutat Aristoteles causam subtiliter Vrbem Obsideas frangas maenia Marte petas Poenituit iurasse Ducem Bellúmque roganti Dat Pacem lusus calliditate Viri You shall hardly meet with an allusion mongst those lazie Monks of so much antique property as this Although notwithstanding the autor mistook the story for it should haue been of a Pausanias in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Anaximenes and the Lampsacens not Athenians nor of Aristotle And also it s expressely reported in the Greek story that hee sware by the Gods of Greece But howsoeuer for the truth this conceit of the Scepter was both learnedly and wittily vsd by him For also old Homer makes Achilles b Iliad 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 et ibi Eustathius sweare 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Truly by this Scepter and calls it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the great oth Which Virgil imitates in the league twixt c Aeneid lib. 12. Aeneas and Latinus where the reason is giuen because the Scepter is for the presence of Iupiter whose statue was wont to be toucht in those solemn Oths. Seruius thus Vt autem Sceptra adhibeantur ad foedera haec ratio est quia Maiores semper simulacra Iouis adhibebant quod cum toediosum esset praecipuè quando fiebant cum longè positis gentibus inuentum est vt Sceptrum tenentes quasi imaginem simulacri redderent Iouis Sceptrum enim ipsius est Imperium Vnde nunc tenet Sceptrum Latinus non quasi Rex sed quasi Pater patratus In Christianitie there is now appropriated to supreme Princes a GLOBE and an infixt CROSSE which you see vsually pictur'd in their hands as also anciently and at this day in the top of our Soueraigns Crowns The Chief Elector the Count Palatine of Rhine bears it at the right hand of the Emperor of Germanie at his inauguration and such solemn Processions as the Duke of Saxony carries the Imperiall Sword before him and the Marquesse of Brandeburg the Scepter on the left The Bull of Charles IV. calls it Pomum imperiale whereto the Greek stories agree naming it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the bearer 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as if you should say one that beares the Apple By that very name were a thousand known of the Persian Kings gard in ancient time which bare golden Apples on the top of their Spears 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as d Dipnosoph lib. 12. Athenaeus describes them Poliaenus Aelian and others remember them But the Globe and Crosse is first as my obseruation hath instructed me in Theodosius the first his coins thus deliuerd by Occo CONCORDIA AVGG G. B. CONOB Statua galeata sedens dextrâ pomum cum Cruce sinistra rhabdum Hee was Emperor CCC LXXX after our Sauiour The later Graecians haue giuen a reason of the bearing it When Iustinian 1. had encreast the glory of S. Sophies Church and adornd it with diuers columns and Statues hee placed also there his own holding in its left hand a Globe 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with an infixt Crosse e Codin Orig. Constantinop 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Procop. de aedificijs Iustiniani lib. 1. Suidas in Iustiniano nec omittendus hîc Theodorus Douza in Chron. Georgij Logothetae pag. 70. Meminit Statuae Iustinianeae Globique Crucis Guilielmus de Badensel in Hodoeporico 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. as being become Emperor of the whole world through Faith in the Crosse. For the Globe is the Earth being of a globous figure Faith is signified by the Crosse because Christ was naild thereunto It is thus exprest in the Coronation of Frederique II. of Danmark father to the present Christiern Tandem etiam Malum cui Crux infixa nitebat Aurea laeua capit Regis praesente sacrorum Praeside quod faciem effigiabat totius Orbis Vt discat quae iam latissima regna capessat Esse sibi gestanda Manu quasi Durior olim Si qua premat Miseros sors regni fortè Colonos Imperiúmque vni quem Crux designat Iesu Acceptum referat solus qui temperet Orbem Arbitrio nutu Celestem torqueat Axem But the figure of Iustinian in his coins hath this Globe and Crosse in the right hand as also haue diuers other of the Emperors But how conceit came afterward to make this an Apple I vnderstand not vnlesse with like imagination as Iupiters statue in Constantinople with three Apples was interpreted for his supreme power ouer the three parts of the world But when it became first to be an Imperiall ensigne giuen at the inauguration as the Crown and Scepter are I know not vnlesse you referre it to Henry II. the Emperor to whom Pope Boniface VIII gaue it for an Imperiale insigne A. M. XIII and as it seems by my autor first causd it to bee vsd as a property of inauguration It 's Rodulphus Glaber that speaks of it and in these words Anno igitur Dominicae Incarnationis f Ita legit rectè sane Illust Cardinal Baronius Tom. 11. deprauatum illum Glabri locum lib. 1. cap. 5. Milesimo decimo tertio licet insigne illud Imperiale diuersis speciebus prius figuratum fuisset Venerabili tamen Papae Benedicto sedis Apostolicae g Al. Visum iussum est admodum intellectuali specie Qui idem insigne praecepit fabricari quasi aureum pomum atque circundari per quadrum pretiossimis quibúsque gemmis ac desuper Auream Crucem inseri and this the Pope gaue him which hee bestowed on the Monks of Clugny If the credit of the British Arthurs seale pretended anciently for a most speciall monument in Westminster Abbey were sufficient it would follow that our Kings had vsd it as soon as the Roman Emperors For vntill Iustinian it seems it was not ordinary in their statues Hee was Emperor in DXXX and then was our Arthur King of Britain Neither can any question be of his raigne although much is and iustly of his abusd victories But his form in that seale of his is thus by h Leland Assert Artburij one which saw it described ' Purpura regaliter indutus Princeps sedet super hemicirculum qualem videmus pluuium arcum Capite coronato fulget In dextera consurgit Sceptrum ipso liliatum vertice Sinistrâ verò orbem Cruce insignitum complectitur But the Globe was before Theodosius vsually held in the hands of Emperors as their Coins witnes And the Crosse also alone amongst those which were not Christian hath been found by like testimonie Figura stolata cum Cruce Victoriae super Basim is the description of one of Gallien's Coins by Adolph Occo But the addition of the Crosse to the