qui_fw-la inter_fw-la alios_fw-la principes_fw-la orbis_fw-la terrae_fw-la catholicum_fw-la se_fw-la exhibet_fw-la &_o romanae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la devotum_fw-la jura_fw-la sua_fw-la &_o libertates_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la &_o leges_fw-la praedictas_fw-la absque_fw-la diminutione_n &_o inquietudine_fw-la pacifice_fw-la possidere_fw-la ac_fw-la illibata_fw-la persistere_fw-la benignius_fw-la permittatis_fw-la in_o cujus_fw-la rei_fw-la testimonium_fw-la sigilla_fw-la tam_fw-la pro_fw-la nobis_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la tota_fw-la communitate_fw-la praedicti_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la sunt_fw-la appensa_fw-la datis_n &_o act_n lincolniae_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1301._o 2._o the_o second_o be_v the_o letter_n to_o 22._o the_o pope_n make_v at_o the_o parliament_n 17_o e._n 3._o touch_v provision_n quod_fw-la rex_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la regni_fw-la pati_fw-la noluit_fw-la etc._n etc._n thus_o translate_v whereby_o the_o phrase_n nobilitas_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o the_o historian_n will_v be_v explain_v to_o the_o most_o holy_a father_n in_o 〈…〉_z god_n lord_n clement_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n of_o rome_n and_o of_o the_o universal_a church_n chief_a and_o high_a bishop_n his_o humble_a and_o devout_a child_n the_o prince_n duke_n earls_z baron_n knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n assemble_v at_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westm._n the_o 15_o the_o day_n of_o 〈…〉_z may_v last_v past_a etc._n etc._n in_o witness_v whereof_o we_o have_v hereunto_o set_v our_o seal_n give_v in_o the_o full_a parliament_n at_o westm._n on_o the_o eighteen_o day_n of_o may_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1343._o and_o indeed_o the_o commons_o be_v 〈…〉_z so_o high_o incense_v that_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o this_o year_n tell_v we_o that_o la_fw-fr dite_fw-fr commune_fw-la ne_fw-fr le_fw-fr poet_n ne_fw-fr le_fw-fr 〈…〉_z t_o plus_fw-la endurere_fw-la those_o strange_a oppression_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o provisor_n so_o that_o the_o parliament_n of_o 24_o h._n 8._o after_o great_a debate_n and_o consideration_n and_o a_o diligent_a search_n and_o inspection_n of_o the_o ancient_a record_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v ground_n their_o statute_n among_o other_o upon_o these_o great_a authority_n the_o statute_n say_v whereas_o the_o king_n his_o most_o noble_a progenitor_n and_o the_o nobility_n and_o commons_o of_o the_o say_a realm_n at_o divers_a and_o sundry_a parliament_n as_o well_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edw._n 1._o 〈◊〉_d 3._o r._n 2._o h._n 4._o and_o other_o noble_a 〈◊〉_d of_o this_o realm_n make_v sundâ—â—_n or_o 〈…〉_z s_o law_n statute_n and_o p_o 〈…〉_z for_o the_o entire_a and_o sure_o 〈…〉_z tion_n of_o the_o prerogative_n lib_fw-la 〈…〉_z and_o preeminence_n of_o the_o 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d imperial_a crown_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a of_o the_o same_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o the_o annoyance_n as_o well_o of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n as_o from_o the_o authority_n of_o other_o foreign_a potentate_n attempt_v the_o diminution_n and_o violation_n thereof_o as_o often_o and_o from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o any_o such_o annoyance_n or_o attempt_n may_v be_v know_v or_o espy_v pulton_n stat._n 24_o h._n 8._o c._n 12._o but_o to_o conclude_v the_o point_n of_o the_o various_a lection_n certain_o the_o different_a and_o great_a variety_n of_o word_n and_o phrase_n by_o which_o both_o the_o ancient_a historian_n and_o record_n have_v in_o their_o several_a age_n and_o time_n express_v and_o denote_v the_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n as_o now_o call_v and_o their_o constituent_a part_n be_v not_o well_o observe_v and_o consider_v by_o most_o of_o our_o late_a english_a author_n who_o understand_v they_o as_o if_o they_o have_v signify_v what_o afterward_o they_o do_v and_o now_o do_v have_v impose_v on_o our_o historical_a faith_n and_o propagate_v to_o posterity_n many_o palpable_a and_o gross_a error_n whereby_o great_a and_o unkind_a clashing_n and_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n as_o well_o among_o learned_a man_n as_o other_o have_v have_v their_o source_n and_o spring_n nay_o even_o between_o prince_n and_o people_n the_o general_a conclusion_n my_o only_a aim_n and_o endeavour_v in_o this_o discourse_n have_v be_v from_o public_a record_n private_a manuscript_n and_o the_o best_a historian_n to_o search_v out_o and_o discover_v truth_n and_o to_o assert_v the_o just_a honour_n of_o our_o worthy_a and_o famous_a ancestor_n commoner_n of_o england_n as_o now_o phrased_a great_a maintainer_n of_o the_o interest_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n and_o with_o submission_n to_o better_a judgement_n i_o hope_v i_o have_v plain_o prove_v 1._o that_o the_o freeman_n or_o commons_o of_o england_n be_v a_o essential_a and_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o saxon_a wittena_n gemott_n or_o parliament_n 2._o that_o they_o so_o continue_v in_o the_o time_n of_o w._n 1._o w._n 2._o and_o h._n 1._o which_o last_o be_v a_o englishman_n by_o way_n of_o charter_n restore_v and_o confirm_v the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n as_o his_o father_n william_n 1._o as_o well_o by_o his_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la or_o great_a charter_n as_o by_o his_o oath_n have_v before_o do_v both_o when_o he_o be_v crown_v and_o also_o at_o berkhamstead_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n 3._o and_o though_o the_o roll_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o succeed_a king_n reign_v till_o e._n 2._o be_v lose_v or_o not_o find_v so_o as_o we_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n as_o to_o the_o several_a order_n of_o parliament_n yet_o by_o what_o have_v be_v deduce_v from_o other_o record_n before_o cite_v it_o be_v evident_a i_o conceive_v that_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n anno_fw-la 16._o of_o king_n john_n and_o so_o have_v not_o their_o beginning_n by_o rebellion_n anno_fw-la 49_o h._n 3._o and_o therefore_o i_o may_v with_o good_a reason_n and_o warranty_n conclude_v that_o our_o ancestor_n the_o commons_o of_o england_n the_o knight_n gentleman_n freeholder_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n of_o a_o great_a and_o mighty_a nation_n be_v very_o far_o from_o be_v in_o former_a time_n such_o vassal_n and_o slave_n or_o so_o abject_a poor_a and_o inconsiderable_a as_o the_o absurd_a and_o malicious_a ignorance_n and_o falsity_n of_o late_a writer_n have_v be_v please_v to_o make_v and_o represent_v they_o especial_o the_o author_n of_o the_o grand_a freeholder_n inquest_n and_o mr._n james_n howel_n as_o if_o they_o be_v only_a beast_n of_o carriage_n and_o burden_n ordain_v to_o be_v tax_v and_o tâ—lliâ—â—ed_v and_o have_v their_o life_n estate_n and_o liberty_n give_v away_o and_o dispose_v of_o without_o their_o own_o assent_n under_o a_o novel_a opinion_n and_o conceit_n that_o they_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o perlege_fw-la quae_fw-la regni_fw-la clarissima_fw-la conciliorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la monumenta_fw-la aliter_fw-la nil_fw-la praeter_fw-la somnia_fw-la cernis_fw-la appendix_n after_o i_o have_v complete_v the_o forego_n argument_n a_o material_a objection_n be_v by_o some_o of_o my_o friend_n offer_v i_o which_o if_o not_o clear_v in_o this_o discourse_n might_n in_o their_o judgement_n give_v a_o colour_n and_o pretence_n for_o a_o belief_n of_o a_o opinion_n which_o be_v this_o that_o the_o commons_o or_o people_n of_o objection_n england_n be_v from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n represent_v by_o such_o as_o hold_v of_o thâ—_n k_n 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d capite_fw-la until_o 49_o h._n 3._o and_o 〈◊〉_d by_o two_o 〈◊〉_d for_o each_o county_n and_o certain_a burgess_n for_o several_a burrough_n and_o baron_n for_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n have_v before_o lay_v down_o a_o clear_a solution_n and_o plain_a distinction_n between_o barones_n regis_fw-la and_o barones_n regni_n i_o shall_v therefore_o now_o distinguish_v upon_o the_o phrase_n milites_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la revenue_n 1._o milites_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tenâ—ntes_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la distinction_n rege_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la 2._o milites_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la distinction_n the_o first_o distinction_n i_o thus_o prove_v rot._n pal._n 2._o johannis_n m._n 9_o rex_fw-la dilecâ—is_fw-la distinction_n &_o fidelibus_fw-la 〈…〉_z s_o baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la eo_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_fw-la he_o 〈…〉_z rnia_fw-la rot._n claus._n 19_o h._n 3._o m._n 7._o 8._o dorso_fw-la reâ—_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la ar_n 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d aâ—baâ—es_n priores_fw-la c_o 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d omâ—â—s_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-fr regno_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobiâ—â—â—nent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la spontanea_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d consuetudine_fw-la con_v 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈…〉_z lium_o ad_fw-la magna_fw-la neâ—â—tia_fw-la 〈◊〉_d eâ—pedienda_fw-la rot._n claus._n 26_o h_n 3._o m._n 7._o dorso_fw-la rex_fw-la 〈…〉_z omili_fw-la norhamptoniae_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la tâ—â—i_fw-la 〈◊〉_d alius_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la quâ—d_fw-la 〈◊〉_d facias_fw-la archiepi_fw-la 〈…〉_z
the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n asserted_n or_o a_o discourse_n prove_v by_o record_n and_o the_o best_a historian_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n be_v ever_o a_o essential_a part_n of_o parliament_n by_o william_n petyt_n of_o the_o inner-temple_n esq_n non_fw-la nulli_fw-la taedio_fw-la investigandae_fw-la veritatis_fw-la cullibet_fw-la opiniâ—â—_n potius_fw-la ignaâ—i_fw-la succambunt_fw-la quam_fw-la explorandâ_fw-la veritati_fw-la pertinaci_fw-la diligentiâ_fw-la perseverare_fw-la volunt_fw-la min._n foelix_fw-la inter_fw-la â—ericula_fw-la veritatis_fw-la &_o libertatis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d london_n print_v for_o f._n smith_n t._n bassett_n j._n wright_n r._n chiswell_n and_o s._n heyrick_n 1680._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a arthur_n earl_n of_o essex_n viscount_n maldon_n baron_n capell_n of_o hadham_n lord_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o county_n of_o hertford_n one_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy-council_n and_o first_o lord_n commissioner_n of_o his_o majesty_n treasury_n my_o lord_n there_o have_v be_v author_n of_o modern_a time_n who_o have_v in_o their_o write_n concern_v the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n publish_v to_o the_o world_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n as_o now_o phrased_a be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o ancient_a commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o this_o nation_n before_o the_o forty_o nine_o year_n of_o h._n 3._o and_o then_o introduce_v by_o rebellion_n a_o position_n when_o serious_o weigh_v equal_o wound_v the_o peerage_n of_o england_n since_o the_o same_o author_n say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o formal_a summons_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o parliament_n find_v upon_o record_n before_o that_o time_n after_o i_o have_v often_o consider_v so_o great_a a_o point_n and_o have_v often_o read_v of_o the_o freedom_n of_o this_o nation_n that_o no_o englishman_n can_v lose_v his_o right_n or_o property_n but_o by_o law_n the_o life_n and_o soul_n of_o this_o so_o famous_a and_o so_o excellent_o constitute_v government_n the_o best_a polity_n upon_o earth_n which_o when_o unite_v in_o all_o its_o part_n by_o prudent_a council_n make_v always_o the_o people_n happy_a at_o home_n in_o peace_n and_o the_o crown_n ever_o victorious_a abroad_o in_o war_n i_o do_v resolve_v to_o take_v pain_n to_o search_v if_o matter_n thus_o represent_v to_o the_o high_a disadvantage_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v true_a or_o false_a which_o i_o have_v industrious_o and_o impartial_o endeavour_v and_o hope_v with_o that_o clearness_n that_o will_v evidence_n to_o all_o unbiased_a judgement_n the_o unsoundness_n of_o those_o opinion_n when_o i_o have_v so_o do_v be_v unwilling_a my_o labour_n shall_v be_v to_o myself_o alone_o and_o not_o to_o those_o who_o search_v after_o knowledge_n in_o these_o matter_n to_o disabuse_v and_o prevent_v other_o from_o build_n upon_o such_o mistake_v and_o dangerous_a foundation_n i_o think_v it_o not_o unseasonable_a to_o publish_v this_o discourse_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o record_n cite_v but_o in_o my_o opinion_n equal_o assert_v the_o right_a of_o the_o peer_n of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o commons_o and_o therefore_o have_v take_v the_o boldness_n to_o send_v it_o into_o the_o world_n under_o your_o lordship_n protection_n who_o i_o know_v to_o be_v a_o great_a lover_n of_o truth_n to_o which_o all_o mankind_n ought_v to_o pay_v allegiance_n i_o shall_v have_v have_v great_a satisfaction_n if_o before_o it_o have_v be_v put_v to_o the_o press_n it_o may_v have_v receive_v your_o lordship_n judicious_a correction_n and_o approbation_n who_o knowledge_n and_o industry_n in_o venerable_a antiquity_n and_o all_o other_o useful_a learning_n be_v well_o know_v unto_o the_o world_n but_o this_o happiness_n i_o can_v not_o reasonable_o expect_v your_o lordship_n time_n be_v so_o much_o take_v up_o in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o crown_n whereof_o your_o lordship_n be_v so_o eminent_a and_o so_o great_a a_o pillar_n as_o your_o honourable_a employment_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o do_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v i_o most_o humble_o beg_v your_o lordship_n pardon_v for_o my_o presumption_n in_o this_o dedication_n which_o fault_n i_o hope_v may_v be_v extenuate_v by_o the_o relation_n i_o have_v to_o your_o lordship_n in_o my_o profession_n and_o be_v deprive_v of_o other_o mean_n public_o to_o show_v my_o humble_a gratitude_n for_o the_o many_o favour_n your_o lordship_n have_v be_v please_v to_o confer_v upon_o my_o lord_n your_o lordship_n most_o humble_a most_o faithful_a and_o most_o obedient_a servant_n w._n petyt_n the_o preface_n my_o principal_a design_n in_o this_o follow_a discourse_n be_v impartial_o to_o vindicate_v the_o just_a honour_n of_o our_o english_a parliament_n from_o the_o calumny_n and_o reproach_n of_o some_o late_a author_n who_o have_v assert_v 1._o that_o a_o essential_a part_n of_o that_o great_a council_n viz._n the_o commons_o of_o england_n represent_v by_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n in_o parliament_n be_v introduce_v and_o begin_v an._n 49_o h._n 3._o by_o rebellion_n 2._o that_o before_o that_o time_n the_o commons_o be_v never_o admit_v to_o have_v any_o vote_n or_o share_v in_o the_o make_n of_o law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o to_o any_o communication_n in_o affair_n of_o state_n to_o discover_v and_o refute_v the_o unsoundness_n of_o the_o second_o position_n and_o that_o the_o contrary_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v true_a i_o shall_v before_o i_o come_v to_o answer_v the_o first_o consider_v the_o second_o and_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v that_o during_o the_o british_a saxon_a and_o norman_a government_n the_o freeman_n or_o commons_o of_o england_n as_o now_o call_v and_o distinguish_v from_o the_o great_a lord_n be_v pars_fw-la essentialis_fw-la &_o constituens_fw-la a_o essential_a and_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o wittena_n gemot_n commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la or_o parliament_n in_o those_o age_n 1._o under_o the_o british_a government_n the_o briton_n call_v their_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n kyfr-ythen_a 34._o then_o because_o their_o law_n be_v therein_o ordain_v and_o upon_o k._n lucius_n his_o letter_n to_o pope_n elutherius_n to_o send_v he_o the_o roman_a law_n the_o pope_n who_o can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o constitution_n and_o frame_n of_o the_o british_a polity_n write_v back_o to_o he_o habetis_fw-la penes_fw-la vos_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la 〈◊〉_d utramque_fw-la paginam_fw-la ex_fw-la illis_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la per_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la vestri_fw-la sum_n legem_fw-la &_o per_fw-la illam_fw-la dei_fw-la potentia_fw-la vestrum_fw-la rege_fw-la britanniae_fw-la regnum_fw-la but_o what_o their_o law_n and_o particular_a government_n be_v be_v very_o uncertain_a by_o reason_n that_o scripta_fw-la patriae_fw-la as_o gildas_n say_v scriptorumve_fw-la monumenta_fw-la si_fw-la quae_fw-la fuerint_fw-la aut_fw-la ignibus_fw-la hostium_fw-la exusta_fw-la aut_fw-la civium_fw-la exulum_fw-la class_n longius_fw-la deportata_fw-la non_fw-la comparent_fw-la the_o history_n of_o our_o country_n if_o there_o be_v any_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v be_v either_o burn_v by_o the_o enemy_n or_o carry_v beyond_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o banish_a briton_n yet_o this_o be_v certain_a and_o not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o 〈◊〉_d their_o elder_a time_n the_o people_n or_o freemen_n have_v a_o great_a share_n in_o their_o public_a council_n and_o government_n for_o dion_n cassius_n basiliae_fw-la or_o xipniline_n out_o of_o he_o in_o the_o life_n of_o severus_n assure_v we_o apud_fw-la hos_fw-la i._n e._n britannos_fw-la populus_fw-la magna_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la principatum_fw-la tenet_fw-la 2._o under_o the_o saxon_a government_n it_o can_v be_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o saxon_n who_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n bring_v with_o they_o their_o country_n law_n and_o government_n and_o that_o the_o commons_o be_v a_o essential_a and_o constituent_a part_n of_o their_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la tacitus_n tell_v we_o de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la rebus_fw-la principes_fw-la consultant_fw-la de_fw-la majoribus_fw-la omnes_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la ut_fw-la ea_fw-la quoque_fw-la quorum_fw-la penes_fw-la plebem_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la est_fw-la apud_fw-la principes_fw-la praetractentur_fw-la after_o the_o saxon_a government_n become_v unite_v and_o fix_v under_o a_o sole_a christian_a monarch_n they_o still_o continue_v and_o keep_v their_o ancient_a wittena_n gemot_n or_o parliament_n as_o now_o phrased_a wherein_o they_o make_v law_n and_o manage_v the_o great_a affair_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n according_a to_o the_o platform_n of_o their_o ancestor_n many_o authority_n may_v be_v give_v to_o evidence_n this_o i_o will_v instance_n in_o three_o or_o four_o 1._o then_o we_o have_v that_o famous_a 126._o parliament_n summon_v by_o king_n ethelbert_n an._n 605._o which_o my_o author_n call_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la tam_fw-la cleri_fw-la quam_fw-la populi_fw-la 2._o about_o the_o year_n 712._o 219._o king_n ina_n assemble_v a_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n wherein_o he_o
ove_fw-la tout_fw-fr lour_v puissance_n the_o observation_n i_o shall_v make_v from_o this_o great_a judgement_n shall_v be_v two_o 1._o that_o above_o 300._o year_n ago_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o scruple_n or_o fancy_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n 552._o of_o which_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v then_o undoubted_o a_o part_n ought_v not_o and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o king_n john_n reign_n and_o to_o have_v assent_v to_o that_o king_n resignation_n an._n 14._o to_o make_v it_o legal_a and_o valid_a as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n 2._o if_o the_o commons_o have_v never_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o but_o that_o the_o king_n and_o great_a lord_n only_o make_v law_n and_o have_v a_o inherent_a power_n as_o some_o of_o our_o modern_a writer_n say_v to_o tax_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n de_fw-fr alto_fw-mi &_o basso_n ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la suum_fw-la jure_fw-la repraesentationis_fw-la sure_o they_o will_v not_o have_v leave_v record_v to_o posterity_n so_o great_a a_o testimonial_a of_o the_o antiquity_n and_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n than_o so_o distinguish_v from_o the_o great_a lord_n as_o be_v express_v in_o the_o roll_n may_v it_o not_o then_o be_v admit_v they_o speak_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v a_o undisputable_a truth_n in_o diebus_fw-la illis_fw-la unless_o we_o must_v believe_v that_o the_o great_a and_o learned_a author_n of_o this_o age_n better_o understand_v the_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o king_n john_n time_n and_o so_o upward_o above_o 460._o year_n since_o than_o the_o whole_a parliament_n of_o 40_o e._n 3._o the_o parliament_n of_o their_o grandfather_n time_n as_o be_v the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n and_o indeed_o this_o famous_a resolution_n be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o declaration_n of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n before_o the_o norman_a duke_n gain_v the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n as_o appear_v by_o king_n harold_n answer_n to_o his_o ambassador_n require_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o king_n oath_n to_o take_v the_o duke_n daughter_n to_o wife_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o crown_n for_o he_o de_fw-fr regno_fw-la addebat_fw-la praesumptuosum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la quod_fw-la absque_fw-la generali_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_fw-la conventu_fw-la &_o edicto_fw-la alienam_fw-la illi_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la juraverit_fw-la which_o be_v record_v by_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n lib._n 3._o p._n 56._o l._n 24._o in_o vita_fw-la williemi_fw-fr i._n a_o author_n without_o all_o exception_n who_o flourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 1._o and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a where_fw-mi and_o in_o who_o the_o legislative_a power_n of_o england_n do_v reside_v there_o be_v but_o 33._o year_n from_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_a duke_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o that_o king_n and_o of_o this_o historian_n the_o learned_a balaeus_n give_v this_o eulogium_fw-la vir_fw-la erat_fw-la svo_fw-la seculo_fw-la in_o omni_fw-la genere_fw-la bonarum_fw-la literarum_fw-la plene_fw-la eruditissimus_fw-la &_o in_o eruendis_fw-la antiquitatibus_fw-la ingenio_fw-la diligentia_fw-la &_o industria_fw-la singularis_fw-la angliae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la nationis_fw-la studosissimus_fw-la illustrator_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o arthur_n duke_n of_o bretaign_n the_o annal_n of_o england_n tell_v we_o that_o king_n john_n be_v summon_v by_o the_o french_a king_n as_o duke_z of_o normandy_n to_o appear_v at_o his_o court_n and_o judicial_o to_o answer_v the_o pretend_a murder_n of_o arthur_n his_o nephew_n whereupon_o the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n and_o hubert_z de_fw-fr burgo_n after_o earl_n of_o kent_n and_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n nuntii_fw-la solemne_n &_o prudentes_fw-la be_v send_v to_o the_o french_a king_n to_o who_o the_o bishop_n thus_o speak_v domine_fw-la 284._o rex_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la dux_n normanniae_fw-la ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la vestram_fw-la venire_fw-la nisi_fw-la veniret_fw-la 61._o rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la cum_fw-la una_fw-la persona_fw-la sint_fw-la dux_n &_o rex_n quod_fw-la non_fw-la permitteret_fw-la aliquo_fw-la modo_fw-la baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la etsi_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la hoc_fw-la vellet_fw-la so_o careful_a be_v the_o baronage_n or_o parliament_n to_o preserve_v the_o ancient_a right_n safety_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n an._n 3_o joh._n before_o any_o difference_n happen_v between_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n anno_fw-la 29_o e._n 1._o the_o king_n send_v ambassador_n 1._o to_o the_o french_a king_n ut_fw-la quid_fw-la de_fw-la truga_fw-la de_fw-fr guerra_fw-mi &_o the_o pace_n deliberasset_fw-la nunciaret_fw-la and_o be_v answer_v se_fw-la non_fw-la posse_fw-la sine_fw-la duodecim_fw-la paribus_fw-la qui_fw-la occupati_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la circa_fw-la novam_fw-la guerram_fw-la tam_fw-la ardua_fw-la tractare_fw-la but_o that_o he_o expect_v their_o come_n in_o fifteen_o day_n quo_fw-la tempore_fw-la transacto_fw-la ipsis_fw-la consentientibus_fw-la they_o declare_v that_o they_o can_v not_o determine_v thereof_o inconsultis_fw-la secum_fw-la scotis_n whereupon_o those_o ambassador_n return_v igitur_fw-la convocato_fw-la parliamento_fw-la londoniis_fw-la recitatisque_fw-la frustratoriis_fw-la dilationibus_fw-la &_o falsis_fw-la machinationibus_fw-la praedictorum_fw-la ambassador_n be_v again_o send_v and_o receive_v this_o answer_n quod_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la adveniret_fw-la faciemus_fw-la personaliter_fw-la &_o inter_fw-la duos_fw-la reges_fw-la de_fw-la optima_fw-la pace_fw-la conveniretur_fw-la whereupon_o the_o king_n of_o england_n aliud_fw-la habuit_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la talia_fw-la recitata_fw-la displicuerunt_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la concilio_n or_o parliament_n definitum_fw-la est_fw-la regem_fw-la pro_fw-la aliquo_fw-la mandato_fw-la vel_fw-la suggestionibus_fw-la ab_fw-la anglia_fw-it egredi_fw-la non_fw-la debere_fw-la from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v the_o reader_n may_v easy_o observe_v 1._o that_o the_o weighty_a and_o great_a affair_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n both_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n and_o after_o be_v by_o a_o fundamental_a principle_n and_o law_n of_o the_o nation_n to_o be_v consult_v of_o and_o resolve_v in_o the_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la or_o parliament_n and_o that_o no_o particular_a person_n or_o order_n of_o man_n do_v take_v upon_o they_o such_o power_n sine_fw-la consensu_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o this_o h._n 3._o and_o his_o council_n well_o know_v when_o he_o tell_v otto_n the_o pope_n nuntio_n quod_fw-la solus_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la definire_fw-la nec_fw-la 3._o debuit_fw-la negotium_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la cleriâ—os_fw-la &_o laiâ—os_fw-la generaliter_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la tangebat_fw-la which_o e._n 1_o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o 23_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n thus_o confirm_v quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la tangit_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dorso_fw-la approbetur_fw-la 2._o that_o the_o generalis_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventus_fw-la &_o edictum_fw-la or_o saxon_a wittena_n gemott_n the_o baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o king_n john_n time_n and_o the_o concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliamentum_fw-la in_o the_o reign_n of_o e._n 1._o be_v verba_fw-la synonyma_fw-la differ_v in_o phrase_n but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o assembly_n in_o substance_n the_o four_o argument_n from_o several_a record_n inter_fw-la alia_fw-la de_fw-la annis_n 28_o 32_o 3â—_n 42_o &_o 48_o h._n 3._o mention_v parliament_n then_o hold_v and_o their_o proceed_n in_o some_o of_o which_o 〈…〉_z the_o word_n commons_o be_v express_o mention_v as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n &_o magnate_n to_o be_v part_n of_o those_o parliament_n the_o general_a council_n at_o runningmead_n 〈◊〉_d hold_v 17_o jâ—â—_n be_v 29._o year_n after_o and_o 20._o year_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o call_v parliamentum_fw-la de_fw-mi runeme_v memorandum_n quod_fw-la in_o parliamento_fw-la a_o 〈…〉_z die_v pasch._n in_o tres_fw-la septimanas_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la regis_fw-la h._n 3._o 28._o london_n celebrato_fw-la negotium_fw-la crucis_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it una_fw-la cum_fw-la collectione_n decimae_fw-la benefiâ—â—â—rum_fw-la ecclesiasâ—â—corum_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la in_o subsidium_fw-la terrae_fw-la sanctae_fw-la à _fw-la sede_fw-la apostolica_fw-la deputat_fw-la be_v treat_v of_o a_o utlary_n against_o william_n de_fw-fr dorso_fw-la hastingcott_n be_v reverse_v and_o he_o restore_v to_o all_o he_o have_v lose_v thereby_o and_o this_o do_v coram_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o toto_fw-la parliamento_fw-la inter_fw-la communia_fw-la hilar._n 17_o e._n 3._o 〈◊〉_d penes_fw-la rememoratorem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o scaccario_fw-la it_o appear_v in_o a_o plea_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prior_n of_o coventry_n that_o 29_o &_o 32_o h._n 3._o quaedam_fw-la subsidia_fw-la per_fw-la magnates_fw-la &_o communitatem_fw-la regni_fw-la spontanea_fw-la &_o mera_fw-fr voluntate_fw-la regi_fw-la concessa_fw-la or_o as_o bracton_n phrase_v 37._o it_o exit_fw-la consensu_fw-la communi_fw-la totius_fw-la regui_fw-la be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o with_o magnates_n &_o communitas_fw-la towards_o the_o marry_n of_o the_o king_n elder_a daughter_n and_o also_o the_o king_n sister_n to_o frederick_n the_o emperor_n which_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n for_o the_o
completa_fw-la hubertus_n de_fw-fr burgo_n domini_fw-la regis_fw-la justiciarius_n exparte_v ejusdem_fw-la regis_fw-la prâ—pojuit_fw-la coram_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d comitibus_fw-la 84._o baronibus_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la universis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d &_o injurias_fw-la quâ—_n regi_fw-la illata_fw-la fâ—â—rani_fw-la in_o pâ—rtibus_fw-la we_o trans_fw-la 〈…〉_z be_v whereby_o the_o king_n and_o many_o earl_n and_o baron_n be_v disinherit_v &_o cum_fw-la multi_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o causa_fw-la multorum_fw-la subventio_fw-la erit_fw-la necessaria_fw-la petit_fw-la ergo_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la consilium_fw-la pariter_fw-la &_o auxilium_fw-la quibus_fw-la corona_n angliae_fw-la dignitates_fw-la amissas_fw-la ac_fw-la jura_fw-la posset_n pristina_fw-la revocaâ—e_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la quoque_fw-la plene_fw-la pâ—rficiendum_fw-la regi_fw-la suffâ—cere_fw-la credidit_fw-la si_fw-la ea_fw-la quinia_fw-la decima_fw-la pars_fw-la omnium_fw-la rerum_fw-la mobilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la tam_fw-la a_o personis_fw-la ecclesiasticis_fw-la quam_fw-la a_o laicis_fw-la donaretur_fw-la to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v habita_n deliberatione_n quod_fw-la regis_fw-la petitionibus_fw-la gratanter_fw-la adquiescereni_fw-la si_fw-la illis_fw-la diu_fw-la petitas_fw-la libertates_fw-la concedere_fw-la voluisset_fw-la which_o the_o king_n condescend_v unto_o and_o chartis_fw-la protinus_fw-la conscriptis_fw-la regis_fw-la sigillo_fw-la munitis_fw-la &_o sic_fw-la soluto_fw-la concilio_n the_o charter_n i_o shall_v pass_v over_o only_o with_o this_o former_a observation_n that_o i_o conceive_v those_o that_o give_v the_o subsidy_n be_v the_o member_n of_o that_o parliament_n and_o who_o they_o be_v will_v appear_v by_o the_o inspeximus_fw-la of_o the_o great_a charter_n and_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n enrol_v in_o the_o statute_n roll_n 25_o e._n 1._o viz._n pro_fw-la hac_fw-la autem_fw-la donatione_fw-la &_o concessione_n 76._o libertatum_fw-la istarum_fw-la &_o aliarum_fw-la libertatum_fw-la contentarum_fw-la in_o charta_fw-la nostra_fw-la de_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la forestae_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la episcopi_fw-la abbates_n priores_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n 〈◊〉_d milites_fw-la libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la dederunt_fw-la nobis_fw-la quintamdecimam_fw-la partem_fw-la omnium_fw-la mobilium_fw-la suorum_fw-la concessimus_fw-la etiam_fw-la eisdem_fw-la pro_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la quod_fw-la nec_fw-la nos_fw-la nechaeredes_fw-la nostri_fw-la aliquid_fw-la perquiremus_fw-la i._n e._n a_o papa_n per_fw-la quod_fw-la libertates_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la charta_fw-la consentae_fw-la infringantur_fw-la vel_fw-la infirmentur_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la ab_fw-la aliquo_fw-la centra_fw-la hoc_fw-la aliquid_fw-la perquisitum_fw-la suerit_fw-la nihil_fw-la esglise_fw-fr as_o countess_n &_o baron_n &_o a_o tout_fw-fr la_fw-fr communante_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr que_fw-fr mes_fw-fr nul_fw-fr besoigne_n tien_n manere_fw-la des_fw-fr aide_fw-fr mise_v ne_o prize_n de_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr roiaume_n ne_fw-fr prendromus_fw-la forsque_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la assent_n de_fw-fr tout_fw-fr le_fw-fr roiaume_n &_o a_o commune_fw-la profit_n de_fw-fr mesme_fw-fr le_fw-fr roiaume_n testae_fw-la 10_o octobris_fw-la to_o deny_v therefore_o that_o the_o knight_n and_o freeholder_n de_fw-fr regno_fw-la of_o england_n be_v a_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n in_o 2_o &_o 9_o h._n 3._o but_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la a_o man_n may_v with_o equal_a reason_n and_o as_o strong_a authority_n argue_v and_o affirm_v that_o though_o the_o record_n plain_o declare_v the_o enumeratio_fw-la partium_fw-la of_o those_o great_a counsel_n and_o the_o comites_fw-la &_o barones_n to_o be_v one_o part_n then_o present_a and_o that_o they_o give_v a_o subsidy_n concurrent_a with_o the_o other_o part_n yet_o real_o 1._o they_o be_v not_o there_o nor_o join_v in_o the_o tax_n but_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o milites_fw-la and_o libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la two_o though_o the_o comites_fw-la barones_n milites_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la be_v express_o and_o particular_o mention_v in_o these_o grand_a charter_n yet_o in_o truth_n they_o be_v not_o present_a at_o those_o great_a council_n but_o their_o vote_n and_o power_n be_v include_v and_o they_o represent_v in_o and_o by_o omnes_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la episcopi_fw-la abbates_n &_o priores_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la though_o the_o great_a number_n of_o the_o two_o latter_a hold_v not_o of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o make_v law_n and_o give_v tax_n exclusis_fw-la or_o omissis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la or_o three_o notwithstanding_o the_o name_n of_o the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n yet_o their_o power_n vote_n and_o authority_n be_v transfer_v and_o make_v over_o to_o the_o earl_n baron_n knight_n and_o freeholder_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o their_o appearance_n there_o be_v not_o personal_a but_o by_o representation_n which_o no_o man_n certain_o can_v believe_v i_o shall_v close_v up_o this_o point_n with_o a_o transgressione_n memorable_a record_n which_o i_o happy_o find_v in_o the_o exchequer_n de_fw-fr anno_fw-la 17_o e._n 3._o the_o prior_n of_o coventry_n be_v attach_v to_o answer_v to_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr servitio_fw-la octo_fw-la seodorum_fw-la militum_fw-la per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la priorem_fw-la &_o predecessores_fw-la suos_fw-la regi_fw-la &_o progenitoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la ab_fw-la anno_fw-la 29._o domini_fw-la regis_fw-la h._n proavi_fw-la ipsius_fw-la regis_fw-la nune_fw-la substracto_fw-la &_o concelato_fw-la the_o prior_n appear_v per_fw-la henricum_fw-la de_fw-la stretford_n whereupon_o the_o baron_n order_v a_o search_n of_o the_o roll_n and_o memorandum_fw-la of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o roll_n of_o 29_o h._n 3._o sub_fw-la titulo_fw-la de_fw-la auxilio_fw-la ad_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la filiam_fw-la regis_fw-la maritandam_fw-la that_o the_o prior_n stand_v charge_v with_o ten_o pound_n for_o ten_o knight_n see_v and_o in_o the_o great_a roll_n 32._o of_o the_o king_n titulato_fw-la auxilium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la aâ—batum_fw-la prâ—orum_fw-la conâ—essam_fw-la ad_fw-la sororem_fw-la regis_fw-la maritandam_fw-la frederiâ—o_n imperatori_fw-la the_o prior_n stand_v charge_v de_fw-la viginti_fw-la marcis_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o this_o the_o prior_n plead_v quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la &_o predecessores_fw-la svi_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la omne_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o tenementa_fw-la sua_fw-la per_fw-la servitium_fw-la duorum_fw-la seodorum_fw-la militum_fw-la â—antum_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la seu_fw-la progen_n 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr aliquibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la serâ—itiis_fw-la per_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seu_fw-la predecessores_fw-la suos_fw-la nun_n 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d per_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seu_fw-la serviciâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d factum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d per_fw-la memorandum_fw-la huius_fw-la scaccarii_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d inde_fw-la serutinium_fw-la etc._n etc._n 〈◊〉_d quoad_fw-la â—oc_fw-la quod_fw-la compertum_fw-la est_fw-la â—ic_fw-la in_o rotulis_fw-la etc._n etc._n quod_fw-la tempore_fw-la dicti_fw-la râ—â—â—s_fw-la henricâ—_n tâ—râ—â—â—_n computatum_fw-la fuit_fw-la de_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr auxiliis_fw-la eidem_fw-la regâ—_n henrico_n ad_fw-la â—ilium_fw-la suum_fw-la â—ilitem_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o sororem_fw-la svam_fw-la maritandam_fw-la conc_fw-fr 〈…〉_z hoc_fw-la â—i_fw-la non_fw-la pr_v 〈…〉_z in_o 〈◊〉_d part_n diâ—it_fw-la enim_fw-la quod_fw-la auâ—ilia_fw-la illa_fw-la non_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d pâ—ssunt_fw-la â—sse_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d subsidia_fw-la per_fw-la 〈◊〉_d &_o communitatem_fw-la regni_fw-la spontanea_fw-la &_o mera_fw-fr voluntate_fw-la regi_fw-la concessa_fw-la &_o tam_fw-la de_fw-la teventibus_fw-la alio_fw-la 〈…〉_z quam_fw-la de_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la de_fw-fr domino_fw-la rege_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la levanda_fw-la quo_fw-la preteâ—tu_fw-la dictus_fw-la compotus_fw-la de_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la praedictis_fw-la fuit_fw-la tam_fw-la pro_fw-la feodis_fw-la tenentium_fw-la tune_n prioris_fw-la loci_fw-la praedicti_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la feodis_fw-la ipsius_fw-la prioris_fw-la propriis_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la prio_fw-la dicit_fw-la posse_fw-la liquere_fw-la curiae_fw-la per_fw-la certificationem_fw-la tune_n prioris_fw-la loci_fw-la praedicti_fw-la tune_n baronibus_fw-la de_fw-la sâ—â—â—cario_fw-la from_o this_o record_n i_o shall_v make_v these_o observation_n 1._o that_o the_o crown_n can_v not_o the_o juâ—â—_n require_v any_o serviâ—ia_n from_o the_o subject_a but_o those_o that_o be_v deâ—ita_fw-la omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenent_fw-la per_fw-la servicium_fw-la militare_fw-la and_o none_o else_o regi_fw-la faciant_fw-la anxilium_fw-la ad_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la siliam_fw-la maritandam_fw-la say_v the_o king_n rot._n pat._n 29_o h._n 3._o m._n 7._o dorso_fw-la and_o so_o say_v the_o law_n long_o before_o sunt_fw-la 〈◊〉_d eâ—iam_fw-la quaedam_fw-la commune_v praestationes_fw-la quâ—_n servitia_fw-la non_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la nec_fw-la de_fw-fr con_fw-mi 〈…〉_z tudine_fw-la veniunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n sicut_fw-la sunt_fw-la hidagia_fw-la corragia_fw-la &_o carvagia_n &_o alia_fw-la plura_fw-la de_fw-la necessitate_v &_o ex_fw-la consensu_fw-la communi_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la introducta_fw-la &_o quae_fw-la ad_fw-la dominum_fw-la â—â—â—di_fw-la non_fw-la pertinent_a 2._o there_o be_v a_o difference_n appear_v between_o servitia_fw-la and_o auxilia_fw-la the_o law_n 84._o allow_v therefore_o the_o prior_n plea_n when_o he_o say_v that_o those_o extraordinary_a aide_n be_v not_o servitia_fw-la but_o auxilia_fw-la grant_v to_o the_o crown_n per_fw-la magnates_fw-la &_o communitatem_fw-la regni_fw-la spontanea_fw-la &_o mera_fw-fr voluntate_fw-la or_o