the_o best_a foundation_n we_o can_v give_v to_o this_o enquiry_n be_v that_o all_o faculty_n have_v a_o natural_a inclination_n to_o produce_v those_o action_n which_o be_v in_o their_o power_n that_o they_o tend_v thither_o as_o to_o their_o end_n and_o to_o their_o perfection_n and_o that_o they_o never_o forbear_v to_o act_v when_o all_o condition_n necessary_a to_o action_n occur_v from_o this_o principle_n which_o be_v as_o clear_a as_o the_o light_n and_o which_o draw_v its_o proof_n from_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o the_o universe_n it_o follow_v that_o all_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n have_v the_o same_o inclination_n that_o they_o seek_v but_o to_o act_v and_o that_o those_o which_o have_v no_o other_o action_n but_o knowledge_n can_v hinder_v themselves_o from_o know_v when_o their_o object_n be_v present_a and_o when_o they_o be_v not_o otherwise_o divert_v if_o there_o be_v then_o the_o principal_a action_n which_o form_n knowledge_n to_o wit_n the_o first_o conception_n the_o judgement_n and_o the_o discourse_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o faculty_n which_o be_v capable_a to_o produce_v they_o produce_v they_o in_o effect_n when_o the_o object_n of_o every_o of_o these_o action_n be_v present_a unto_o they_o and_o that_o they_o be_v neither_o divert_v nor_o hinder_v now_o the_o object_n of_o the_o first_o be_v those_o which_o present_v themselves_o under_o one_o only_a image_n that_o of_o the_o second_o be_v those_o which_o present_v themselves_o under_o two_o image_n which_o may_v unite_v or_o separate_v themselves_o that_o of_o the_o three_o be_v the_o rest_n which_o be_v of_o a_o great_a number_n and_o which_o may_v be_v link_v together_o by_o a_o middle_n which_o be_v common_a unto_o they_o so_o that_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o at_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o simple_a object_n that_o faculty_n which_o be_v not_o divert_v be_v necessitate_v and_o can_v hinder_v itself_o from_o produce_v in_o itself_o that_o image_n in_o which_o the_o first_o and_o simple_a conception_n consist_v and_o that_o it_o be_v constrain_v to_o unite_v or_o divide_v two_o different_a image_n wherein_o the_o judgement_n consist_v as_o also_o when_o it_o find_v more_o which_o link_v themselves_o together_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n bound_v they_o and_o make_v this_o return_n and_o circular_a motion_n in_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n consist_v as_o we_o have_v show_v from_o hence_o we_o must_v necessary_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v indifferent_a for_o this_o three_o operation_n for_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v evident_a or_o doubtful_a forasmuch_o as_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v three_o term_n or_o three_o image_n which_o altenative_o may_v join_v themselves_o together_o and_o suffer_v this_o circular_a revolution_n we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o faculty_n must_v necessary_o assemble_v they_o since_o it_o be_v not_o hinder_v and_o that_o the_o object_n of_o its_o action_n be_v present_a but_o yet_o it_o follow_v that_o evidence_n and_o certainty_n far_o from_o serve_v as_o a_o obstacle_n to_o ratiocination_n advance_v and_o favour_v it_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_n doubt_v and_o obscurity_n retard_v and_o hinder_v it_o for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o the_o connexion_n of_o term_n be_v evident_a and_o certain_a the_o concatenation_n which_o discourse_n require_v will_n the_o soon_o be_v make_v and_o more_o perfect_o than_o if_o it_o be_v find_v obscure_a and_o doubtful_a forasmuch_o as_o time_n and_o pain_n be_v require_v to_o take_v away_o obscurity_n and_o doubt_n and_o consequent_o to_o encounter_v this_o common_a concatenation_n which_o ought_v to_o unite_v all_o the_o part_n of_o ratiocination_n but_o this_o truth_n can_v be_v contest_v if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v ratiocination_n make_v in_o a_o instant_n as_o we_o have_v show_v for_o all_o the_o proposition_n which_o compose_v they_o be_v then_o at_o the_o same_o time_n know_v there_o can_v be_v not_o one_o more_o doubtful_a and_o obscure_a then_o the_o other_o and_o the_o conclusion_n which_o make_v itself_o assoon_o know_v as_o the_o antecedent_n aught_o to_o be_v as_o clear_v and_o evident_a as_o they_o can_v be_v to_o conclude_v experience_n and_o the_o school_n teach_v we_o that_o science_n and_o opinion_n may_v be_v find_v together_o for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o faith_n and_o science_n and_o therefore_o since_o we_o can_v prove_v the_o conclusion_n of_o science_n by_o topical_a argument_n and_o proposition_n of_o faith_n by_o demonstration_n we_o may_v reason_v on_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o doubtful_a the_o conclusion_n of_o science_n and_o the_o proposition_n of_o faith_n leave_v no_o doubt_n and_o be_v most_o certain_a and_o most_o assure_a yet_o we_o may_v object_v two_o thing_n p._n 113._o the_o first_o that_o the_o soul_n ought_v then_o to_o go_v all_o at_o once_o to_o the_o conclusion_n without_o make_v all_o this_o progress_n unprofitable_a to_o its_o self_n but_o to_o this_o we_o answer_v that_o this_o progress_n be_v natural_a to_o the_o soul_n that_o she_o can_v march_v otherwise_o and_o that_o to_o make_v she_o move_v in_o another_o manner_n be_v to_o violence_n her_o nature_n and_o to_o destroy_v that_o action_n which_o be_v most_o proper_a and_o most_o convenient_a for_o we_o as_o a_o circle_n which_o can_v otherwise_o be_v move_v but_o by_o the_o turn_v and_o circumvolution_n it_o make_v about_o itself_o the_o soul_n which_o in_o some_o manner_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o that_o gender_n can_v also_o move_v but_o by_o discourse_n which_o be_v a_o circular_a motion_n it_o give_v itself_o some_o agitation_n in_o its_o first_o knowledge_n but_o if_o she_o be_v not_o hinder_v she_o never_o stop_v there_o and_o ever_o make_v its_o revolution_n entire_a indeed_o without_o doubt_n whoever_o will_v observe_v the_o manner_n whereby_o the_o understanding_n know_v thing_n will_v find_v that_o it_o make_v but_o few_o motion_n or_o simple_a proposition_n which_o be_v not_o accompany_v with_o a_o complete_a discourse_n and_o although_o speech_n make_v but_o one_o part_n appear_v it_o forbear_v not_o to_o make_v it_o in_o its_o self_n entire_a and_o to_o join_v in_o secret_a to_o the_o notion_n it_o express_v the_o antecedent_n or_o the_o consequence_n it_o be_v compose_v of_o this_o also_o be_v perform_v with_o that_o swiftness_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o voice_n and_o tongue_n shall_v follow_v it_o nor_o that_o speech_n shall_v mark_v all_o the_o thought_n it_o form_n in_o these_o encounter_n as_o much_o be_v to_o be_v say_v of_o the_o imagination_n and_o even_o with_o more_o right_a because_o it_o be_v a_o faculty_n which_o be_v not_o free_a as_o be_v the_o understanding_n but_o which_o be_v absolute_o determine_v by_o the_o object_n and_o which_o operate_v not_o but_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o animal_n so_o that_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o she_o know_v nothing_o but_o she_o make_v a_o practical_a judgement_n of_o it_o whether_o it_o be_v to_o follow_v or_o to_o forsake_v it_o whether_o it_o be_v to_o do_v it_o or_o not_o to_o do_v it_o now_o if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o form_v no_o action_n nor_o proposition_n without_o reason_v as_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n however_o it_o be_v the_o progress_n which_o the_o soul_n make_v by_o reason_v thus_o be_v not_o useless_a to_o it_o as_o have_v be_v say_v for_o although_o the_o conclusion_n be_v as_o evident_a unto_o it_o as_o the_o proposition_n it_o make_v use_v of_o to_o attain_v it_o yet_o she_o fortify_v herself_o in_o the_o certainty_n she_o have_v of_o it_o by_o the_o knowledge_n which_o these_o proposition_n afford_v she_o &_o she_o take_v they_o as_o witness_n which_o do_v not_o discover_v to_o she_o the_o truth_n which_o she_o know_v from_o elsewhere_o but_o which_o confirm_v she_o in_o it_o neither_o be_v it_o a_o thing_n particular_a unto_o she_o on_o this_o occasion_n she_o do_v the_o same_o in_o all_o her_o other_o knowledge_n for_o although_o she_o be_v assure_v by_o a_o sense_n of_o the_o object_n which_o it_o represent_v yet_o she_o inquire_v the_o judgement_n of_o other_o she_o will_v have_v those_o truth_n confirm_v by_o experience_n which_o reason_n hold_v indubitable_a and_o that_o reason_n shall_v hold_v up_o these_o experience_n which_o she_o believe_v most_o certain_a she_o will_v even_o reason_n on_o mystery_n of_o religion_n and_o join_v science_n with_o faith_n as_o she_o often_o join_v opinion_n with_o science_n and_o herein_o she_o follow_v the_o intention_n of_o nature_n which_o to_o assure_v animal_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n useful_a unto_o they_o will_v that_o all_o the_o faculty_n and_o all_o the_o mean_v give_v to_o that_o end_n shall_v concur_v thereunto_o together_o this_o doctrine_n be_v not_o unknown_a in_o the_o school_n who_o hold_v that_o the_o first_o principle_n
before_o we_o enter_v into_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o our_o opinion_n we_o must_v both_o of_o we_o agree_v in_o one_o truth_n which_o can_v be_v contradict_v to_o wit_n that_o when_o a_o beast_n eat_v any_o thing_n which_o he_o know_v be_v sweet_a its_o certain_a he_o will_v eat_v it_o and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o eat_v it_o do_v he_o not_o find_v it_o good_a to_o eat_v forasmuch_o as_o nothing_o move_v the_o appetite_n but_o what_o be_v good_a and_o therefore_o he_o know_v the_o connexion_n which_o sweetness_n have_v with_o goodness_n since_o he_o find_v not_o the_o thing_n good_a but_o because_o its_o sweet_a and_o that_o if_o it_o be_v not_o sweet_a he_o will_v not_o judge_v it_o good_a the_o question_n than_o be_v to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o he_o to_o know_v the_o universal_a annexion_n of_o sweetness_n with_o goodness_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o he_o only_o to_o know_v that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v betwixt_o these_o two_o particular_a quality_n and_o of_o necessity_n m._n c._n must_v take_v the_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o unless_o he_o have_v a_o design_n to_o commence_v a_o suit_n against_o nature_n as_o well_o as_o against_o i_o if_o he_o therefore_o believe_v that_o a_o beast_n know_v the_o universal_a connexion_n of_o sweetness_n with_o goodness_n there_o be_v nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o a_o beast_n my_o deduce_v the_o propose_a consequence_n and_o conclude_v after_o have_v know_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v sweet_a that_o the_o thing_n be_v good_a to_o eat_v because_o he_o know_v that_o all_o what_o be_v sweet_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v after_o this_o manner_n will_v m._n c._n fall_v into_o the_o opinion_n which_o we_o maintain_v that_o beast_n reason_n although_o by_o another_o way_n for_o we_o believe_v it_o sufficient_a for_o they_o to_o know_v the_o particular_a connexion_n of_o sweetness_n with_o goodness_n to_o conclude_v that_o such_o a_o thing_n be_v good_a to_o eat_v in_o effect_n if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o they_o know_v the_o connexion_n which_o those_o two_o quality_n have_v with_o one_o another_o as_o we_o have_v show_v and_o that_o they_o can_v conceive_v nothing_o that_o be_v universal_a that_o be_v above_o the_o material_a faculty_n it_o be_v necessary_a they_o shall_v know_v the_o particular_a connexion_n which_o these_o two_o thing_n have_v together_o so_o that_o since_o they_o judge_v a_o thing_n good_a to_o eat_v because_o they_o find_v it_o sweet_a it_o follow_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o that_o particular_a connexion_n be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v they_o conclude_v that_o such_o a_o thing_n be_v good_a to_o eat_v since_o that_o in_o effect_n they_o do_v so_o neither_o be_v they_o deceive_v in_o their_o judgement_n i_o must_v confess_v indeed_o that_o there_o be_v a_o universal_a connexion_n of_o sweetness_n with_o goodness_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o foundation_n of_o that_o truth_n which_o beast_n know_v but_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n and_o not_o in_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o know_v it_o that_o it_o may_v certain_o infer_v that_o such_o a_o thing_n in_o particular_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v it_o be_v like_o those_o who_o do_v thing_n by_o rote_n for_o what_o they_o do_v be_v conformable_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n although_o they_o know_v it_o not_o neither_o do_v their_o ignorance_n hinder_v they_o from_o do_v it_o as_o perfect_a as_o it_o can_v be_v do_v so_o the_o imagination_n know_v not_o that_o all_o what_o be_v sweet_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v but_o only_o that_o the_o sweet_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v and_o with_o this_o particular_a knowledge_n it_o as_o certain_o know_v it_o ought_v to_o eat_v it_o as_o if_o it_o have_v a_o general_a knowledge_n thereof_o last_o of_o all_o since_o what_o it_o thus_o know_v be_v find_v true_a what_o need_v it_o seek_v it_o any_o other_o way_n and_o since_o syllogism_n may_v be_v make_v of_o particular_a proposition_n which_o make_v a_o good_a conclusion_n why_o then_o may_v not_o that_o which_o it_o make_v be_v good_a m.c._n hereupon_o say_v that_o from_o that_o any_o sweet_a thing_n be_v good_a to_o eat_v it_o follow_v not_o that_o that_o be_v it_o it_o be_v true_a and_o i_o confess_v that_o beast_n sometime_o deceive_v themselves_o neither_o do_v i_o say_v their_o syllogism_n be_v demonstrative_a it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o they_o be_v probable_a and_o that_o common_o they_o make_v they_o to_o know_v the_o particular_a connexion_n which_o nature_n have_v place_v betwixt_o those_o two_o quality_n for_o by_o she_o they_o know_v that_o such_o a_o thing_n be_v good_a to_o eat_v with_o as_o much_o certainty_n as_o all_o other_o sensible_a thing_n may_v be_v know_v it_o be_v certain_a they_o do_v not_o know_v that_o they_o know_v it_o for_o to_o know_v a_o thing_n and_o to_o know_v that_o one_o know_v it_o be_v two_o different_a thing_n although_o m._n c._n it_o seem_v have_v confound_v they_o to_o know_v that_o we_o know_v we_o must_v consider_v the_o general_a reason_n and_o the_o form_n of_o reason_v which_o we_o use_v in_o a_o word_n we_o must_v make_v a_o reflection_n on_o that_o knowledge_n which_o beast_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o but_o to_o know_v and_o to_o know_v a_o thing_n simple_o this_o be_v not_o necessary_a and_o its_o sufficient_a that_o the_o notion_n we_o have_v of_o it_o be_v like_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o present_v itself_o without_o examine_v the_o principle_n or_o the_o mean_n whereby_o we_o know_v it_o that_o sweetness_n can_v move_v the_o appetite_n until_o the_o imagination_n have_v judge_v it_o good_a after_o this_o m._n c._n make_v i_o three_o great_a question_n and_o ask_v i_o who_o can_v have_v tell_v i_o that_o beast_n do_v not_o eat_v before_o they_o make_v all_o these_o fair_a discourse_n that_o sweetness_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o move_v the_o appetite_n if_o the_o imagination_n know_v not_o that_o it_o be_v good_a to_o eat_v and_o that_o it_o make_v three_o different_a judgement_n from_o the_o two_o first_o of_o which_o it_o infer_v a_o three_o but_o i_o shall_v answer_v in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v reason_n tell_v i_o so_o and_o i_o wonder_v that_o have_v make_v he_o see_v it_o so_o clear_a and_o evident_a it_o have_v not_o persuade_v he_o the_o same_o thing_n i_o have_v much_o more_o reason_n to_o ask_v who_o tell_v he_o that_o sweetness_n be_v sufficient_a to_o move_v the_o appetite_n without_o its_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o imagination_n to_o judge_v that_o the_o sweet_a thing_n be_v good_a to_o eat_v for_o no_o philosopher_n can_v have_v teach_v he_o this_o maxim_n nor_o can_v any_o reason_n have_v engage_v he_o in_o a_o proposition_n which_o destroy_v the_o first_o element_n of_o philosophy_n all_o the_o world_n be_v agree_v that_o the_o appetite_n can_v be_v move_v but_o by_o what_o be_v good_a and_o that_o therefore_o sweetness_n as_o sweetness_n can_v move_v it_o it_o must_v be_v know_v as_o good_a but_o also_o as_o good_a to_o eat_v if_o the_o appetite_n will_v eat_v it_o now_o the_o sense_n know_v not_o this_o goodness_n as_o m._n c._n confess_v present_o after_o and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v the_o imagination_n since_o the_o appetite_n afford_v no_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n certanly_n it_o will_v endanger_v those_o which_o will_v perceive_v how_o m._n c._n have_v abuse_v himself_o with_o such_o gross_a error_n to_o be_v scandalize_v with_o the_o reproach_n he_o make_v i_o that_o i_o only_o bring_v fair_a word_n to_o maintain_v my_o opinion_n without_o have_v trouble_v myself_o to_o uphold_v they_o with_o solid_a reason_n and_o perhaps_o some_o will_v say_v that_o he_o have_v use_v neither_o to_o destroy_v they_o and_o as_o there_o be_v more_o trouble_n to_o build_v then_o to_o ruin_n he_o have_v do_v wise_o to_o have_v establish_v nothing_o since_o he_o have_v succeed_v so_o ill_o in_o that_o which_o be_v most_o easy_a for_o my_o part_n all_o that_o i_o can_v say_v in_o this_o encounter_n be_v that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v content_v himself_o to_o have_v learn_v from_o all_o the_o man_n he_o have_v converse_v with_o that_o beast_n do_v not_o reason_n he_o ought_v also_o to_o have_v inform_v himself_o of_o the_o reason_n which_o they_o have_v to_o believe_v in_o and_o bold_o to_o have_v produce_v they_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o truth_n for_o the_o reputation_n of_o those_o with_o who_o he_o have_v speak_v and_o perhaps_o for_o the_o instruction_n of_o those_o to_o who_o he_o have_v not_o speak_v but_o what_o can_v he_o have_v bring_v a_o better_a reason_n to_o prove_v that_o beast_n reason_v not_o than_o the_o experience_n which_o he_o have_v make_v thereof_o in_o himself_o he_o have_v as_o he_o say_v examine_v the_o action_n of_o his_o sensitive_a appetite_n and_o after_o
they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o she_o and_o that_o they_o cackle_v together_o and_o that_o afterward_o she_o only_o take_v the_o grain_n in_o her_o bill_n and_o so_o leave_v they_o without_o eat_v i_o will_v fain_o i_o say_v ask_v they_o whether_o they_o will_v acknowledge_v no_o discourse_n in_o all_o these_o proceed_n and_o whether_o they_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o she_o call_v her_o chicken_n with_o a_o a_o design_n to_o cause_v they_o to_o come_v to_o show_v they_o their_o food_n and_o to_o nourish_v they_o and_o that_o they_o themselves_o understand_v the_o voice_n which_o summon_v they_o that_o they_o comprehend_v the_o thing_n which_o she_o signify_v unto_o they_o and_o that_o they_o hope_v to_o find_v the_o good_a she_o tell_v they_o of_o can_v all_o this_o be_v do_v without_o discourse_n and_o a_o man_n who_o will_v do_v such_o like_a thing_n will_v he_o not_o be_v think_v reasonable_a they_o will_v without_o doubt_n say_v that_o this_o may_v be_v true_a in_o the_o most_o perfect_a animal_n in_o who_o its_o likely_a nature_n have_v give_v a_o voice_n for_o the_o communication_n of_o their_o thought_n but_o that_o if_o it_o have_v deprive_v other_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n they_o have_v no_o need_n of_o that_o communication_n and_o consequent_o they_o have_v no_o reason_n since_o they_o can_v entertain_v themselves_o nor_o discourse_n together_o we_o ready_o confess_v that_o there_o be_v many_o which_o be_v dumb_a and_o which_o by_o the_o voice_n can_v make_v themselves_o understand_v but_o if_o nature_n can_v not_o give_v it_o they_o because_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o respire_v she_o have_v recompense_v they_o in_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v supply_v that_o defect_n the_o most_o part_n of_o infect_v and_o even_o some_o fish_n have_v they_o not_o a_o particular_a sound_n which_o they_o form_n by_o move_v some_o part_n of_o their_o body_n whereby_o they_o make_v those_o passion_n appear_v wherewith_o they_o be_v agitate_a when_o the_o grasshopper_n sing_v in_o fair_a weather_n do_v they_o not_o witness_v the_o pleasure_n they_o receive_v thereby_o when_o bee_n humh_o extraordinary_o in_o their_o hive_n be_v it_o not_o a_o sign_n of_o the_o division_n which_o be_v among_o they_o and_o that_o hum_a noise_n which_o they_o make_v be_v stop_v be_v it_o not_o a_o evident_a sign_n of_o their_o anger_n on_o the_o contrary_a whoever_o have_v tell_v they_o that_o these_o animal_n do_v not_o make_v themselves_o understand_v by_o their_o gesture_n and_o by_o their_o motion_n certain_o after_o the_o example_n which_o we_o have_v of_o other_o animal_n which_o make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o mean_n to_o discover_v their_o intention_n it_o be_v to_o be_v very_o bold_a to_o say_v that_o these_o do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o it_o for_o the_o same_o design_n but_o what_o we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o those_o which_o be_v ordinary_a not_o only_o in_o beast_n which_o live_v with_o we_o but_o even_o in_o man_n among_o who_o there_o be_v but_o few_o who_o have_v not_o some_o particular_a sign_n to_o make_v himself_o understand_v and_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o divine_v it_o but_o after_o a_o long_a habit_n and_o shall_v we_o dare_v assure_v that_o animal_n who_o nature_n and_o life_n be_v so_o far_o from_o estrange_v from_o we_o shall_v have_v none_o at_o all_o no_o no_o most_o part_n live_v together_o and_o even_o some_o keep_n some_o form_n of_o policy_n and_o of_o a_o republic_n as_o the_o aunt_n they_o must_v communicate_v their_o design_n since_o it_o be_v the_o only_a bond_n which_o bind_v and_o preserve_v all_o society_n after_o all_o be_v it_o true_a that_o beast_n perform_v all_o their_o action_n by_o the_o only_a conduct_n of_o instinct_n without_o communicate_v their_o thought_n together_o what_o necessity_n will_v there_o be_v that_o for_o that_o cause_n they_o shall_v not_o reason_n may_v they_o not_o reason_n in_o themselves_o and_o a_o man_n who_o be_v all_o alone_a or_o deprive_v of_o the_o use_n of_o all_o the_o organ_n whereby_o he_o may_v make_v himself_o understand_v will_v he_o be_v for_o that_o deprive_v of_o reason_n i_o know_v very_o well_o that_o there_o be_v no_o body_n who_o will_v censure_v without_o passion_n what_o i_o have_v here_o say_v of_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n but_o will_v approve_v it_o and_o will_v not_o only_o wonder_v at_o the_o design_n m._n c._n have_v make_v to_o confute_v it_o but_o much_o more_o at_o those_o reason_n which_o he_o have_v make_v use_n of_o to_o that_o purpose_n page_n 160._o for_o it_o be_v strange_a that_o a_o witty_a man_n as_o he_o be_v shall_v not_o have_v know_v that_o all_o those_o which_o he_o use_v be_v useless_a to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n and_o shake_v not_o any_o of_o my_o proof_n nor_o of_o my_o conclusion_n in_o effect_n all_o what_o he_o say_v be_v ground_v on_o the_o definition_n of_o human_a speech_n and_o on_o those_o design_n which_o the_o understanding_n form_n which_o be_v not_o here_o in_o question_n so_o that_o all_o the_o consequence_n he_o draw_v from_o these_o two_o principle_n must_v needs_o be_v vain_a and_o impertinent_a according_a to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o school_n and_o in_o defence_n it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o i_o to_o say_v that_o he_o suppose_v what_o he_o shall_v prove_v and_o touch_v not_o on_o the_o difficulty_n but_o because_o he_o be_v not_o of_o so_o easy_a a_o composition_n as_o i_o persuade_v myself_o as_o in_o this_o chapter_n he_o assure_v we_o and_o perhaps_o so_o short_a a_o answer_n can_v not_o make_v he_o comprehend_v the_o defect_n of_o his_o censure_n i_o shall_v explain_v myself_o along_o with_o he_o and_o examine_v all_o his_o proposition_n one_o after_o another_o but_o i_o will_v not_o stop_v at_o these_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o chapter_n where_o he_o have_v more_o labour_v the_o gentility_n than_o the_o solidity_n of_o thought_n and_o where_o he_o rather_o endeavour_v to_o show_v the_o beauty_n of_o his_o mind_n rather_o than_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o dispute_n for_o when_o he_o say_v that_o to_o persuade_v he_o that_o a_o beast_n reason_n the_o beast_n itself_o must_v tell_v he_o so_o i_o find_v that_o to_o be_v as_o pleasant_o and_o gallant_o imagine_v as_o he_o be_v weak_a to_o prove_v what_o he_o pretend_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o likelihood_n that_o he_o will_v believe_v a_o beast_n upon_o its_o bare_a word_n he_o particular_o who_o be_v so_o hard_a to_o be_v persuade_v and_o will_v not_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v touch_v with_o so_o many_o important_a truth_n as_o have_v be_v propose_v to_o he_o for_o my_o part_n be_v i_o of_o his_o opinion_n shall_v all_o beast_n together_o tell_v i_o that_o they_o discourse_v i_o will_v not_o believe_v they_o neither_o shall_v they_o any_o more_o persuade_v it_o i_o than_o all_o the_o fool_n i_o know_v shall_v do_v they_o assure_v i_o they_o be_v wise_a but_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o m._n c._n in_o earnest_a thought_n to_o have_v thereby_o prove_v that_o beast_n do_v not_o reason_n those_o also_o of_o china_n or_o malabare_n to_o persuade_v he_o that_o they_o be_v reasonable_a must_v tell_v it_o he_o themselves_o and_o he_o must_v needs_o fall_v into_o that_o inconvenience_n that_o until_o he_o can_v understand_v their_o language_n he_o must_v still_o be_v oblige_v to_o doubt_v of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o say_v that_o the_o figure_n of_o man_n will_v sufficient_o clear_v it_o since_o there_o have_v be_v beast_n discover_v which_o be_v so_o like_o man_n that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o difference_n as_o to_o the_o outward_a form_n after_o all_o there_o will_v be_v but_o one_o only_a answer_n to_o make_v hereupon_o that_o animal_n have_v often_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o have_v reason_n and_o if_o he_o understand_v they_o not_o it_o be_v his_o fault_n and_o none_o of_o they_o but_o say_v he_o they_o ought_v then_o to_o tell_v it_o he_o in_o the_o language_n of_o man_n and_o learn_v to_o speak_v as_o we_o do_v this_o be_v neither_o just_a nor_o necessary_a why_o shall_v they_o be_v more_o oblige_v to_o learn_v the_o language_n of_o man_n than_o man_n be_v to_o learn_v they_o and_o ought_v not_o m._n c._n to_o have_v imagine_v that_o they_o may_v say_v the_o same_o thing_n of_o he_o as_o he_o do_v of_o they_o and_o that_o they_o have_v reason_n to_o doubt_v whither_o he_o reason_n until_o they_o have_v learn_v his_o language_n and_o that_o he_o have_v assure_v they_o of_o it_o in_o the_o same_o term_n as_o they_o use_v among_o themselves_o he_o add_v that_o if_o they_o can_v learn_v to_o speak_v it_o come_v from_o no_o indisposition_n which_o they_o have_v in_o their_o organ_n as_o may_v be_v imagine_v for_o their_o organ_n differ_v
their_o intention_n all_o this_o i_o say_v be_v only_o to_o be_v understand_v or_o the_o superior_a and_o intellectual_a reason_n and_o do_v not_o include_v that_o which_o the_o imagination_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o form_n in_o these_o encounter_n wherefore_o all_o the_o consequence_n he_o draw_v from_o thence_o &_o which_o he_o apply_v to_o the_o action_n of_o beast_n be_v vain_a and_o concern_v not_o the_o difficulty_n in_o hand_n i_o leave_v what_o he_o say_v pag._n 173._o that_o there_o be_v no_o likelihood_n that_o beast_n shall_v not_o move_v themselves_o unless_o by_o the_o force_n of_o syllogism_n and_o before_o they_o shall_v be_v draw_v by_o a_o voice_n they_o must_v make_v at_o least_o twenty_o five_o ratiocination_n for_o beside_o that_o his_o calculation_n be_v not_o very_o just_a we_o have_v answer_v to_o these_o kind_n of_o objection_n in_o several_a place_n of_o this_o work_n and_o principal_o in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o three_o part._n and_o as_o for_o what_o he_o maintain_v that_o there_o follow_v no_o inconvenience_n to_o say_v that_o this_o mutual_a intelligence_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o animal_n of_o the_o same_o species_n proceed_v altogether_o from_o the_o instinct_n we_o consent_v thereunto_o so_o as_o he_o will_v but_o be_v better_o instruct_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o instinct_n than_o he_o be_v and_o remember_v himself_o of_o what_o we_o late_o say_v that_o instinct_n hinder_v not_o but_o that_o action_n may_v be_v do_v with_o knowledge_n and_o that_o the_o animal_n be_v not_o the_o principal_a and_o immediate_a cause_n thereof_o let_v we_o conclude_v with_o that_o fair_a observation_n m.c._n have_v make_v p._n 173._o upon_o what_o i_o have_v say_v that_o he_o that_o shall_v well_o mind_v the_o language_n of_o bird_n will_v make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o believe_v that_o tiresias_n melampus_n and_o apollonius_n have_v former_o understand_v it_o for_o he_o have_v unlinked_a this_o observation_n out_o of_o its_o place_n that_o he_o may_v take_v the_o liberty_n to_o make_v on_o it_o the_o long_o a_o censure_n and_o have_v place_v it_o at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o chapter_n as_o a_o morrer-peece_n of_o his_o munition_n and_o of_o his_o address_n and_o true_o i_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v not_o ignorant_a in_o fable_n and_o that_o he_o very_o well_o know_v the_o adventure_n of_o tiresias_n and_o the_o genealogy_n of_o melampus_n and_o i_o also_o profess_v he_o make_v as_o ill_a use_n of_o the_o artifice_n of_o a_o orator_n who_o seek_v to_o render_v odious_a or_o ridiculous_a what_o be_v propose_v by_o his_o adversary_n for_o who_o be_v there_o who_o know_v that_o i_o speak_v of_o tiresias_n and_o melampus_n which_o be_v name_n only_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o fable_n as_o m._n c._n assure_v we_o will_v not_o with_o he_o say_v that_o a_o cause_n have_v very_o great_a need_n of_o help_n when_o it_o make_v use_v of_o such_o base_a authority_n but_o to_o defend_v myself_o from_o his_o artifice_n and_o to_o disabuse_v those_o he_o may_v have_v persuade_v i_o have_v nothing_o else_o to_o say_v but_o that_o although_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o tiresias_n of_o melampus_n and_o apollonius_n i_o have_v not_o make_v use_n of_o their_o authority_n neither_o do_v i_o assure_v that_o what_o be_v speak_v of_o they_o be_v false_a or_o true_a it_o be_v also_o a_o thing_n which_o to_o i_o aught_o to_o be_v indifferent_a and_o whatever_o it_o be_v i_o may_v reasonable_o say_v that_o who_o will_v well_o observe_v the_o language_n of_o bird_n will_v make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o believe_v that_o they_o have_v former_o understand_v it_o there_o be_v but_o few_o thing_n in_o fable_n whence_o as_o much_o may_v not_o be_v say_v when_o a_o truth_n be_v discover_v which_o have_v relation_n to_o it_o why_o may_v we_o not_o say_v after_o the_o experience_n we_o have_v see_v in_o our_o time_n some_o girl_n that_o have_v change_v sex_n that_o there_o be_v no_o difficulty_n to_o believe_v what_o the_o poet_n have_v relate_v of_o iphis_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o name_n to_o be_v find_v only_o in_o the_o fable_n no_o more_o than_o that_o of_o tiresias_n and_o no_o man_n will_v say_v that_o in_o this_o encounter_n we_o use_v the_o authority_n of_o poet_n and_o the_o example_n of_o iphis_n to_o prove_v that_o this_o change_n may_v be_v do_v natural_o since_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o be_v the_o experience_n we_o bring_v which_o give_v a_o likelihood_n to_o what_o they_o have_v say_v so_o far_o from_o it_o be_v from_o it_o that_o my_o cause_n shall_v need_v so_o idle_a a_o authority_n and_o the_o example_n of_o tiresias_n and_o melampus_n which_o be_v only_o to_o be_v find_v in_o poet_n that_o its_o that_o which_o authorise_v they_o and_o which_o of_o fabulous_a which_o they_o be_v render_v they_o credible_a and_o any_o equitable_a person_n may_v judge_v that_o its_o a_o consequence_n which_o i_o draw_v from_o the_o truth_n which_o i_o have_v establish_v and_o not_o as_o m._n c._n say_v that_o its_o a_o proof_n and_o a_o authority_n with_o which_o i_o will_v maintain_v they_o this_o be_v all_o i_o have_v to_o say_v on_o the_o three_o objection_n which_o be_v make_v against_o the_o reason_n of_o animal_n there_o remain_v yet_o one_o of_o the_o instinct_n which_o shall_v terminate_v this_o discourse_n but_o indeed_o it_o deserve_v a_o entire_a volume_n and_o there_o be_v so_o many_o thing_n to_o be_v examine_v and_o there_o be_v so_o many_o thing_n which_o rob_v i_o of_o the_o time_n i_o need_v that_o be_v not_o able_a so_o ready_o to_o put_v my_o last_o hand_n to_o it_o i_o think_v that_o m_o c._n might_n no_o long_o languish_v in_o the_o expectation_n he_o have_v i_o ought_v to_o divide_v my_o answer_n and_o give_v he_o that_o which_o concern_v the_o raciotination_n of_o beast_n till_o i_o can_v end_v that_o of_o the_o instinct_n and_o indeed_o have_v it_o be_v ready_a it_o will_v have_v trouble_v my_o conscience_n to_o have_v afflict_v m_o c._n with_o the_o sight_n of_o so_o great_a a_o volume_n nay_o even_o i_o shall_v have_v have_v the_o same_o apprehension_n to_o have_v keep_v off_o our_o judge_n by_o the_o length_n of_o our_o indifference_n and_o with_o so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o piece_n which_o be_v to_o be_v examine_v after_o all_o the_o retrenchment_n i_o make_v of_o that_o part_n of_o our_o contest_v will_n not_o wrong_v this_o which_o i_o now_o present_a for_o be_v it_o true_a that_o beast_n do_v not_o reason_n in_o those_o action_n which_o they_o do_v by_o instinct_n there_o be_v several_z other_o enough_o in_o which_o instinct_n have_v no_o share_n which_o evident_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o reason_n as_o those_o act_n which_o they_o do_v out_o of_o custom_n by_o instruction_n and_o general_o all_o those_o which_o they_o do_v with_o knowledge_n so_o the_o proof_n of_o their_o ratiocination_n remain_v all_o entire_a although_o we_o speak_v not_o of_o the_o instinct_n and_o what_o ever_o may_v be_v say_v of_o it_o finis_fw-la
the_o worse_o i_o shall_v indeed_o have_v be_v just_o chastise_v for_o my_o imprudence_n have_v i_o afterward_o meet_v with_o in_o his_o book_n so_o many_o piquant_v and_o malicious_a word_n which_o he_o vent_v against_o i_o and_o which_o he_o have_v mix_v with_o some_o praise_n as_o those_o who_o infuse_v poison_n with_o sugar_n when_o i_o see_v those_o shameful_a reproach_n he_o make_v i_o sometime_o that_o my_o mind_n be_v distort_v and_o that_o i_o have_v not_o think_v of_o what_o i_o have_v write_v p._n 124_o that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o appearance_n of_o truth_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n to_o stick_v at_o they_o p._n 148._o and_o then_o that_o i_o be_o ignorant_a of_o the_o rule_n and_o term_n of_o philosophy_n p._n 240._o that_o i_o every_o minute_n fall_v into_o contradiction_n and_o that_o he_o can_v hardly_o believe_v i_o be_o author_n of_o the_o work_n p._n 242._o with_o a_o hundred_o such_o like_a which_o he_o utter_v with_o scorn_n and_o reproach_n no_o no_o this_o proceed_n make_v it_o evident_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v no_o intelligence_n with_o i_o that_o he_o have_v defend_v his_o cause_n the_o best_a he_o be_v able_a and_o that_o if_o he_o have_v bring_v ill_a reason_n to_o maintain_v it_o it_o be_v because_o he_o believe_v they_o good_a and_o be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o defect_n neither_o will_v i_o absolute_o condemn_v he_o for_o the_o incivility_n he_o have_v treat_v i_o withal_o and_o i_o shall_v rather_o attribute_v it_o to_o heat_n of_o dispute_n or_o the_o natural_a sharpness_n of_o a_o critic_n then_o to_o any_o ill_a will_v he_o can_v have_v against_o i_o i_o know_v that_o in_o combat_n of_o pleasure_n and_o divertisement_n it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a but_o some_o angry_a touch_n must_v be_v give_v and_o that_o blow_n can_v be_v handle_v so_o dexterous_o but_o some_o will_v be_v rude_a than_o they_o be_v intend_v but_o what_o be_v to_o have_v be_v desire_v in_o those_o of_o m.c._n it_o be_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v behave_v himself_o pleasant_o and_o like_o a_o gallant_a fellow_n and_o not_o have_v accompany_v they_o with_o a_o pedantic_a severity_n which_o appear_v through_o all_o his_o discourse_n and_o which_o will_v oblige_v many_o man_n to_o believe_v that_o passion_n rather_o than_o truth_n have_v arm_v his_o pen_n against_o i_o there_o be_v even_o some_o already_o who_o have_v make_v this_o judgement_n have_v observe_v how_o he_o introduce_v my_o name_n to_o the_o title_n of_o his_o book_n and_o that_o he_o affect_v to_o repeat_v it_o in_o all_o the_o passage_n he_o be_v able_a for_o since_o it_o not_o at_o all_o concern_v the_o question_n and_o that_o he_o may_v have_v examine_v my_o reason_n without_o name_a i_o even_o as_o i_o have_v do_v those_o of_o other_o man_n they_o do_v believe_v that_o it_o must_v needs_o have_v be_v some_o secret_a malignity_n which_o move_v he_o to_o place_v my_o name_n for_o a_o trophy_n in_o the_o front_n of_o his_o work_n and_o to_o lead_v it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o triumph_n through_o all_o the_o page_n of_o his_o book_n for_o my_o part_n i_o dare_v not_o judge_v so_o sinister_o of_o his_o intention_n so_o far_o be_v i_o from_o complain_v of_o he_o in_o that_o encounter_n that_o i_o find_v i_o have_v reason_n to_o thank_v he_o for_o put_v i_o in_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o great_a man_n he_o have_v assault_v and_o i_o shall_v never_o be_v ashamed_a to_o have_v my_o name_n appear_v with_o the_o name_n of_o mr._n de_fw-fr charron_n and_o mr._n de_fw-fr montagne_n shall_v he_o even_o reckon_v they_o among_o those_o he_o have_v conquer_v it_o be_v true_a if_o he_o have_v be_v well_o advise_v for_o his_o own_o glory_n he_o shall_v never_o have_v make_v mention_n of_o i_o nor_o have_v discover_v that_o i_o be_v the_o man_n with_o who_o he_o be_v to_o combat_v some_o may_v have_v think_v after_o have_v see_v he_o enter_v the_o lift_v against_o such_o great_a person_n that_o i_o be_v of_o the_o same_o rank_n and_o that_o he_o choose_v i_o as_o a_o enemy_n worthy_a both_o of_o his_o strength_n and_o courage_n but_o when_o it_o shall_v be_v know_v that_o it_o be_v against_o i_o he_o have_v make_v this_o stir_n to_o lift_v up_o his_o buckler_n and_o that_o it_o will_v afterward_o appear_v that_o weak_a and_o fresh_a as_o i_o be_o in_o these_o kind_n of_o trial_n i_o shall_v have_v so_o easy_o defeat_v a_o man_n who_o will_v pass_v for_o the_o bravo_n of_o our_o age_n and_o who_o in_o his_o write_n present_v all_o comer_n with_o a_o challenge_n it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v it_o may_v much_o diminish_v the_o credit_n he_o may_v have_v and_o lest_o he_o be_v accuse_v for_o a_o weak_a and_o quarrelsome_a person_n who_o seek_v to_o gain_v reputation_n at_o the_o expense_n of_o another_o man_n have_v he_o therefore_o follow_v the_o counsel_n which_o prudence_n will_v have_v give_v he_o in_o this_o encounter_n he_o have_v save_v himself_o from_o these_o reproach_n and_o have_v save_v i_o the_o pain_n to_o have_v answer_v he_o without_o have_v interest_v myself_o in_o a_o question_n wherein_o all_o opinion_n be_v free_a i_o shall_v not_o have_v disturb_v the_o pleasure_n wherewith_o he_o flatter_v himself_o with_o a_o imaginary_a victory_n and_o without_o envy_n i_o can_v have_v suffer_v he_o to_o have_v triumph_v over_o a_o enemy_n which_o he_o have_v not_o overcome_v but_o it_o have_v be_v a_o barrenness_n in_o i_o to_o have_v continue_v with_o my_o arm_n across_o after_o the_o public_a defy_v he_o have_v give_v i_o and_o honour_n oblige_v i_o to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o truth_n which_o i_o hear_v groan_v under_o his_o censure_n and_o which_o i_o perceive_v ready_a to_o fall_v into_o the_o ambush_n he_o have_v lay_v for_o it_o behold_v i_o be_o ready_a to_o defend_v it_o i_o be_o here_o ready_a to_o maintain_v the_o proposition_n which_o m._n c_o have_v contest_v the_o reader_n shall_v afterward_o judge_v which_o of_o we_o two_o have_v the_o better_a right_n but_o that_o he_o may_v be_v instruct_v of_o all_o what_o may_v lawful_o be_v necessary_a in_o my_o defence_n he_o must_v be_v inform_v of_o the_o order_n which_o i_o have_v observe_v and_o of_o the_o motive_n which_o have_v oblige_v i_o to_o another_o course_n than_o that_o which_o hitherto_o have_v be_v follow_v have_v consider_v that_o the_o proof_n which_o have_v be_v use_v to_o show_v that_o beast_n reason_n do_v not_o not_o convince_v those_o who_o hold_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o that_o they_o shift_v off_o all_o the_o strength_n of_o it_o by_o the_o word_n instinct_n which_o how_o vain_a soever_o it_o be_v forbear_v not_o to_o entangle_v the_o question_n and_o render_v the_o decision_n the_o more_o doubtful_a i_o imagine_v the_o truth_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v in_o the_o source_n and_o leave_v experiment_n which_o be_v contest_v it_o may_v be_v find_v in_o ratiocination_n itself_o i_o therefore_o will_v examine_v the_o nature_n thereof_o and_o see_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n which_o beast_n can_v not_o do_v and_o which_o surpass_v the_o force_n of_o the_o imagination_n and_o of_o the_o other_o faculty_n which_o all_o be_v agree_v they_o be_v endow_v withal_o but_o as_o reason_v be_v a_o knowledge_n and_o that_o there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o knowledge_n to_o wit_n the_o first_o conception_n the_o judgement_n and_o the_o discourse_n i_o think_v it_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v know_v wherein_o all_o three_o of_o they_o consist_v and_o what_o action_n the_o soul_n perform_v in_o every_o of_o they_o have_v therefore_o find_v that_o in_o the_o first_o she_o form_v the_o image_n of_o object_n in_o the_o second_o she_o unite_v or_o divide_v two_o of_o those_o image_n and_o in_o the_o three_o she_o collect_v together_o three_o of_o which_o she_o compose_v several_a proposition_n which_o form_n discourse_n methinks_v that_o all_o the_o difficulty_n be_v reduce_v to_o this_o point_n to_o wit_n to_o know_v whether_o the_o imagination_n can_v unite_v or_o divide_v image_n for_o if_o it_o have_v that_o power_n it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v able_a to_o make_v proposition_n and_o in_o pursuance_n reason_v this_o be_v the_o principal_a subject_n of_o the_o treatise_n which_o i_o have_v bring_v to_o light_n the_o first_o part_n whereof_o be_v whole_o employ_v to_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n can_v form_v and_o unite_v several_a image_n and_o by_o consequence_n that_o it_o may_v conceive_v judge_n and_o discourse_n the_o other_o part_n contain_v the_o answer_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o strong_a objection_n which_o may_v be_v propose_v against_o these_o truth_n and_o principal_o to_o those_o which_o be_v draw_v from_o custom_n and_o from_o instinct_n where_o i_o have_v explicate_v the_o nature_n of_o
know_v this_o be_v practise_v also_o when_o in_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o imagination_n be_v oppose_v to_o the_o appetite_n even_o as_o we_o oppose_v the_o understanding_n to_o the_o will._n for_o its_o certain_a that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o imagination_n &_o the_o understanding_n comprehend_v all_o the_o know_a faculty_n as_o the_o appetite_n and_o the_o will_v express_v all_o the_o motive_n faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n howsoever_o it_o be_v by_o the_o word_n imagination_n i_o here_o understand_v the_o sensitive_a faculty_n which_o know_v the_o thing_n without_o specify_v any_o of_o its_o difference_n the_o examen_fw-la whereof_o conduce_v nothing_o to_o my_o design_n i_o be_o also_o to_o add_v to_o this_o advertisement_n that_o the_o division_n of_o the_o chapter_n and_o article_n be_v make_v after_o the_o work_n be_v end_v for_o it_o interrupt_v not_o the_o sequel_n of_o my_o discourse_n and_o require_v not_o those_o great_a pawse_n which_o in_o other_o matter_n be_v requisite_a the_o critic_n also_o who_o be_v oblige_v in_o a_o continual_a combat_n can_v regular_fw-la his_o quarter_n as_o a_o army_n will_v do_v which_o have_v no_o enemy_n before_o they_o without_o stop_v it_o pursue_v its_o adversary_n and_o give_v he_o no_o release_n till_o it_o have_v vanquish_v he_o it_o be_v thus_o that_o i_o have_v behave_v myself_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o my_o disputation_n not_o mind_v the_o division_n of_o my_o work_n into_o so_o many_o section_n but_o because_o a_o long_a discourse_n without_o any_o disturb_v the_o mind_n and_o eye_n of_o a_o reader_n i_o afterward_o advise_v with_o myself_o to_o make_v some_o and_o to_o place_v those_o thing_n in_o the_o title_n which_o i_o esteem_v most_o remarkable_a that_o at_o first_o sight_n the_o reader_n may_v choose_v those_o subject_n which_o may_v be_v most_o please_v to_o he_o without_o ingage_a himself_n in_o other_o which_o be_v not_o according_a to_o his_o gust_n but_o as_o this_o manner_n of_o read_v will_v be_v more_o advantageous_a to_o he_o then_o to_o i_o and_o may_v leave_v he_o some_o doubt_n which_o may_v make_v he_o have_v a_o ill_a opinion_n of_o my_o reason_n i_o shall_v beg_v thus_o far_o from_o he_o that_o he_o will_v not_o condemn_v they_o until_o he_o have_v read_v the_o whole_a work_n and_o without_o have_v examine_v the_o principle_n &_o foundation_n which_o i_o have_v therein_o establish_v and_o then_o if_o he_o can_v approve_v they_o i_o shall_v condemn_v they_o myself_o and_o employ_v their_o excuse_n which_o the_o weakness_n of_o humane_a mind_n and_o the_o difficulty_n there_o be_v to_o penetrate_v into_o secret_n of_o nature_n furnish_v they_o withal_o who_o have_v recourse_n thereunto_o for_o the_o rest_n what_o be_v print_v in_o a_o great_a italian_a letter_n at_o the_o head_n of_o every_o part_n be_v the_o abridgement_n of_o my_o first_o discourse_n of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o beast_n the_o figure_n in_o the_o margin_n design_v the_o page_n of_o m._n c_n book_n out_o of_o which_o i_o have_v draw_v those_o proposition_n which_o i_o examine_v that_o the_o imagination_n form_v the_o image_n of_o thing_n and_o that_o its_o there_o wherein_o the_o first_o knowledge_n consist_v the_o first_o part_n in_o consider_v the_o order_n which_o god_n have_v establish_v through_o the_o whole_a universe_n where_o the_o less_o noble_a thing_n serve_v for_o the_o degree_n whereby_o we_o rise_v to_o the_o most_o excellent_a and_o all_o of_o they_o have_v some_o begining_n of_o that_o perfection_n which_o be_v more_o full_a and_o perfect_a in_o these_o a_o man_n may_v easy_o persuade_v himself_o that_o since_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n be_v subordinate_a to_o the_o reasonable_a such_o a_o progress_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v in_o their_o knowledge_n that_o the_o first_o may_v be_v address_n to_o the_o latter_a and_o that_o the_o action_n of_o the_o understanding_n may_v have_v their_o beginning_n to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v roughcast_n in_o those_o of_o the_o imagination_n and_o to_o speak_v it_o in_o one_o word_n since_o the_o understanding_n know_v thing_n that_o it_o judge_v of_o they_o and_o draw_v consequence_n from_o they_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v something_o do_v in_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o first_o draught_n of_o those_o action_n and_o in_o which_o some_o image_n and_o some_o vestige_n may_v be_v observe_v in_o effect_v it_o conceive_v thing_n it_o judge_v whether_o they_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a and_o conclude_v either_o to_o follow_v or_o to_o fly_v they_o and_o to_o perform_v these_o action_n it_o use_v the_o same_o way_n as_o the_o understanding_n do_v for_o as_o it_o judge_v and_o reason_v by_o unite_n thing_n which_o be_v divide_v and_o by_o divide_v those_o which_o be_v unite_v it_o do_v nothing_o but_o unite_v and_o separate_v the_o image_n of_o object_n to_o judge_v of_o what_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a for_o the_o animal_n it_o be_v true_a that_o she_o do_v it_o very_o imperfect_o both_o because_o her_o power_n be_v of_o no_o great_a extent_n and_o because_o her_o knowledge_n be_v as_o the_o first_o sight_n wherewith_o the_o soul_n view_v thing_n and_o the_o first_o essay_n she_o make_v to_o discern_v they_o but_o to_o understand_v this_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o see_v how_o the_o imagination_n know_v action_n that_o knowledge_n be_v a_o action_n and_o how_o far_o its_o knowledge_n may_v arrive_v have_v therefore_o presuppose_v that_o knowledge_n be_v the_o only_a function_n of_o the_o reasonable_a and_o sensitive_a soul_n forasmuch_o as_o to_o be_v sensible_a to_o conceive_v to_o judge_v and_o to_o reason_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o know_v i_o have_v from_o thence_o infer_v that_o since_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v below_o they_o have_v the_o virtue_n of_o operate_a they_o also_o must_v needs_o have_v it_o and_o consequent_o that_o knowledge_n which_o be_v their_o only_a function_n be_v a_o action_n so_o that_o those_o who_o say_v that_o the_o sense_n know_v not_o their_o object_n but_o by_o receive_v their_o image_n and_o that_o sensation_n be_v a_o pure_a passion_n place_v the_o sensitive_a soul_n below_o all_o corporal_a thing_n and_o destroy_v ever_o the_o nature_n of_o knowledge_n which_o be_v even_o place_v in_o the_o rank_n of_o vital_a action_n image_n this_o action_n be_v a_o production_n of_o the_o image_n now_o because_o knowledge_n can_v be_v otherwise_o conceive_v but_o as_o a_o representation_n of_o the_o object_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o mind_n if_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n know_v and_o if_o to_o know_v be_v to_o operate_v it_o of_o necessity_n must_v present_v itself_o with_o the_o object_n and_o because_o it_o can_v otherwise_o represent_v a_o thing_n but_o by_o form_v its_o picture_n it_o follow_v that_o in_o know_v thing_n it_o form_n picture_n and_o image_n of_o they_o and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o action_n which_o may_v be_v attribute_v unto_o it_o proportionable_a to_o the_o perfection_n and_o excellency_n of_o its_o nature_n to_o confirm_v this_o truth_n we_o have_v in_o pursuit_n show_v action_n their_o image_n be_v different_a from_o the_o action_n that_o these_o image_n ought_v to_o be_v different_a from_o those_o which_o come_v from_o without_o 1._o reason_n because_o these_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o make_v the_o representation_n wherein_o the_o knowledge_n consist_v since_o they_o subsist_v only_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o object_n and_o that_o the_o soul_n forbear_v not_o to_o represent_v they_o although_o they_o be_v absent_a 2_o reas_n because_o those_o which_o the_o understanding_n use_v be_v different_a from_o those_o which_o the_o imagination_n and_o the_o sense_n may_v furnish_v and_o since_o it_o form_v they_o to_o its_o self_n the_o imagination_n ought_v to_o do_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n 3_o reas_n forasmuch_o as_o sensible_a image_n represent_v only_o the_o accident_n and_o that_o the_o imagination_n must_v not_o only_o know_v the_o sensible_a accident_n but_o the_o sensible_a body_n and_o so_o the_o image_n it_o form_n represent_v both_o the_o accident_n and_o subject_a once_o together_o subject_n their_o image_n represent_v the_o accident_n and_o their_o subject_n this_o latter_a proposition_n which_o ought_v to_o serve_v as_o a_o principle_n to_o show_v the_o impotency_n which_o the_o imagination_n have_v to_o make_v abstract_n and_o universal_a notion_n be_v maintain_v by_o four_o reason_n the_o first_o that_o the_o imagination_n be_v a_o power_n bury_v in_o the_o matter_n aught_o to_o have_v a_o object_n of_o the_o same_o gender_n and_o a_o action_n which_o terminate_v in_o a_o thing_n which_o in_o some_o manner_n may_v be_v as_o that_o be_v compose_v the_o second_o that_o be_v destine_v to_o represent_v sensible_a thing_n and_o have_v no_o other_o virtue_n but_o to_o make_v picture_n and_o image_n thereof_o it_o ought_v to_o represent_v they_o all_o
for_o the_o proposition_n which_o he_o will_v ruin_v be_v place_v at_o the_o entry_n of_o my_o discourse_n but_o as_o a_o pleasant_a avenue_n or_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o architecture_n which_o make_v no_o part_n of_o the_o edifice_n which_o i_o will_v build_v in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v the_o preface_n of_o my_o work_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o decide_v the_o question_n i_o be_v to_o discourse_v but_o only_o to_o prepare_v the_o reader_n mind_n and_o to_o give_v he_o some_o suspicion_n and_o some_o conjecture_n of_o that_o truth_n which_o i_o will_v show_v he_o neither_o be_v it_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o rank_n of_o those_o proof_n which_o i_o have_v employ_v to_o establish_v it_o although_o i_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v forget_v it_o have_v i_o make_v a_o fundamental_a reason_n of_o it_o as_o m._n c_o imagine_v for_o although_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a yet_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o persuade_v all_o kind_n of_o mind_n and_o i_o very_o evident_o foresee_v that_o the_o application_n i_o must_v have_v make_v thereof_o may_v have_v be_v contest_v after_o all_o if_o i_o shall_v have_v use_v it_o as_o a_o necessary_a principle_n to_o my_o design_n i_o will_v not_o have_v propose_v it_o naked_a and_o simple_a as_o i_o do_v i_o will_v have_v maintain_v it_o with_o reason_n and_o with_o a_o induction_n which_o may_v have_v convince_v those_o who_o will_v have_v doubt_v of_o it_o this_o have_v be_v nothing_o difficult_a for_o i_o to_o have_v do_v since_o philosophy_n teach_v we_o that_o in_o all_o the_o order_n of_o thing_n there_o be_v ever_o one_o first_o which_o possess_v in_o perfection_n that_o nature_n whereon_o the_o order_n be_v establish_v and_o that_o all_o those_o which_o be_v inferior_a to_o it_o have_v only_a portion_n of_o it_o which_o be_v great_a or_o lesser_a as_o they_o draw_v near_o or_o be_v estrange_v far_o from_o it_o so_o fire_n be_v the_o first_o among_o hot_a body_n heaven_n among_o the_o diaphanous_a the_o sun_n among_o the_o luminous_a and_o so_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o every_o of_o they_o have_v in_o the_o sovereign_a degree_n that_o quality_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o foundation_n of_o that_o order_n wherein_o they_o be_v all_o that_o be_v under_o have_v it_o more_o or_o less_o weaken_v it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o quality_n only_o wherein_o this_o disposition_n be_v to_o be_v find_v it_o be_v remarkable_a even_o in_o the_o essence_n and_o in_o the_o very_a substance_n of_o thing_n for_o there_o be_v a_o first_o be_v which_o possess_v all_o the_o extent_n and_o all_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o essence_n of_o which_o the_o rest_n be_v but_o little_a portion_n which_o be_v still_o diminish_v to_o the_o very_a matter_n which_o be_v almost_o a_o nothing_o and_o a_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la the_o platonic_a philosophy_n be_v full_a of_o these_o consideration_n it_o acknowledge_v a_o first_o one_o a_o first_o good_a and_o a_o first_o fair_a of_o which_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v but_o participation_n aristotle_n even_o will_v that_o in_o the_o order_n of_o substance_n there_o be_v some_o more_o substance_n than_o the_o rest_n that_o form_n be_v more_o than_o matter_n that_o the_o first_o be_v more_o than_o that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o second_o and_o to_o draw_v near_o to_o our_o subject_n there_o be_v no_o faculty_n in_o live_v and_o animate_v thing_n which_o enter_v into_o order_n wherein_o the_o same_o participation_n be_v not_o observable_a there_o be_v plant_n which_o nourish_v which_o increase_n and_o multiply_v some_o more_o than_o other_o and_o those_o who_o know_v their_o nature_n well_o may_v see_v that_o the_o most_o perfect_a in_o every_o kind_n have_v that_o virtue_n which_o be_v fit_a for_o it_o in_o a_o sovereign_a degree_n what_o inequality_n will_v not_o be_v find_v in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o sense_n if_o we_o will_v measure_v the_o difference_n which_o there_o be_v among_o animal_n for_o the_o sight_n from_o the_o mole_n to_o the_o eagle_n for_o smell_v from_o infect_v to_o the_o dog_n for_o touch_v from_o sponge_n or_o if_o you_o will_v from_o the_o sensitive_a plant_n to_o man_n and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o animal_n virtue_n in_o fine_a he_o who_o will_v consider_v all_o the_o gender_n of_o thing_n he_o will_v find_v some_o species_n which_o be_v as_o bond_n which_o unite_v they_o together_o and_z as_o step_n which_o insensible_o lead_v from_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o for_o among_o stone_n and_o plant_n there_o be_v stone-plant_n find_v among_o plant_n and_o animal_n there_o be_v the_o zoophytes_n among_o fish_n and_o terrestrial_a creature_n we_o find_v the_o amphibious_a so_o far_o that_o even_o to_o preserve_v this_o order_n there_o must_v often_o have_v be_v species_n in_o some_o sort_n monstrous_a to_o place_n among_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v most_o opposite_a such_o be_v the_o bat_n among_o bird_n and_o fourfooted_a beast_n for_o it_o be_v a_o monstrous_a bird_n which_o have_v neither_o feather_n nor_o bill_n which_o have_v tooth_n and_o breast_n and_o which_o go_v on_o four_o foot_n although_o it_o have_v but_o two_o such_o be_v the_o triton_n among_o aquatic_a creature_n and_o man_n such_o also_o betwixt_o he_o and_o terrestrial_a animal_n be_v the_o guinny_n monkey_n call_v banis_n and_o a_o thousand_o such_o like_a which_o may_v be_v observe_v run_v over_o all_o the_o species_n which_o be_v in_o the_o universe_n all_o which_o evident_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v a_o law_n which_o nature_n have_v impose_v to_o make_v a_o essay_n of_o her_o work_n in_o the_o mean_a thing_n that_o she_o may_v complete_a they_o in_o the_o high_a and_o that_o in_o those_o she_o may_v put_v the_o beginning_n of_o that_o virtue_n which_o she_o intend_v perfect_a in_o these_o which_o be_v so_o have_v not_o i_o reason_n to_o leave_v this_o suspicion_n in_o the_o reader_n mind_n that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v in_o that_o of_o reason_v and_o since_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n be_v subordinate_a to_o the_o reasonable_a and_o even_o therein_o there_o must_v be_v some_o vestige_n and_o some_o roughcasts_a of_o reason_n which_o be_v perfect_a in_o this_o at_o all_o adventure_n it_o be_v a_o proposition_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v good_a by_o the_o proof_n i_o be_v to_o make_v of_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n and_o i_o shall_v have_v be_v guilty_a to_o have_v suppress_v it_o since_o it_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o new_a example_n to_o confirm_v that_o fair_a disposition_n which_o the_o wisdom_n and_o providence_n of_o god_n have_v establish_v in_o the_o world_n so_o that_o m._n c._n have_v not_o only_o gross_o abuse_v himself_o when_o he_o do_v believe_v that_o i_o make_v it_o the_o foundation_n of_o my_o proof_n but_o even_o also_o when_o he_o will_v accuse_v it_o of_o falseness_n since_o he_o know_v not_o the_o use_n i_o have_v destine_v it_o unto_o and_o that_o he_o produce_v no_o reason_n which_o may_v convince_v it_o of_o error_n he_o say_v well_o p_o 41._o that_o there_o be_v a_o thousand_o most_o excellent_a faculty_n in_o mineral_n the_o least_o tract_n of_o which_o appear_v not_o in_o the_o element_n that_o nourishment_n and_o the_o other_o part_n of_o vegetation_n be_v complete_a in_o plant_n and_o be_v not_o begin_v in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o that_o sight_n memory_n and_o imagination_n be_v only_o to_o be_v find_v in_o animal_n but_o all_o this_o make_v nothing_o against_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n when_o it_o assure_v that_o the_o low_a thing_n have_v the_o beginning_n of_o that_o perfection_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o high_a this_o aught_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o those_o which_o be_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o order_n and_o which_o consequent_o have_v a_o virtue_n or_o a_o nature_n common_a among_o themselves_o for_o all_o thing_n be_v not_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o order_n and_o as_o many_o different_a virtue_n as_o there_o be_v and_o several_a nature_n which_o may_v be_v common_a so_o many_o several_a order_n of_o thing_n there_o be_v such_o as_o that_o be_v of_o body_n diaphanous_a luminous_a &c_n &c_n there_o be_v without_o doubt_n in_o the_o mineral_n quality_n which_o be_v common_a with_o the_o element_n and_o which_o consequent_o make_v a_o order_n among_o themselves_o as_o be_v hardness_n weight_n and_o such_o like_a but_o there_o be_v those_o also_o which_o be_v particular_a unto_o they_o and_o the_o order_n which_o be_v find_v in_o they_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o gender_n of_o mineral_n but_o it_o be_v always_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n we_o have_v observe_v for_o gold_n for_o example_n possess_v the_o metallick_n nature_n in_o perfection_n and_o all_o other_o metal_n have_v but_o their_o portion_n great_a or_o lesser_a as_o they_o be_v near_o or_o far_o
since_o the_o understanding_n make_v they_o but_o i_o shall_v desire_v he_o to_o tell_v i_o whether_o he_o of_o a_o truth_n believe_v this_o consequence_n which_o he_o draw_v from_o thence_o to_o be_v good_a the_o understanding_n form_n image_n therefore_o the_o imagination_n form_v spiritual_a image_n for_o i_o do_v not_o say_v the_o understanding_n form_v spiritual_a image_n but_o i_o show_v that_o it_o form_n its_o image_n because_o they_o be_v spiritual_a this_o be_v call_v in_o the_o school_n to_o argue_v from_o thing_n call_v simple_o to_o those_o which_o be_v conditional_a or_o from_o those_o which_o be_v divide_v to_o those_o which_o be_v conjoin_v but_o let_v we_o to_o another_o subject_n which_o perhaps_o may_v be_v more_o for_o his_o advantage_n chap._n iii_o the_o imagination_n represent_v not_o only_o the_o accident_n but_o also_o their_o subject_n have_v a_o design_n to_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n form_v not_o the_o accident_n only_o but_o she_o make_v somewhat_o of_o their_o subject_n also_o enter_v and_o that_o its_o phantasm_n be_v not_o a_o representation_n by_o the_o example_n of_o colour_n but_o of_o what_o be_v colour_v nor_o of_o heat_n but_o of_o what_o be_v hot_a in_o a_o word_n that_o all_o sensible_a accident_n be_v therein_o represent_v per_fw-la modum_fw-la concreti_fw-la as_o they_o speak_v in_o the_o school_n the_o first_o reason_n which_o i_o bring_v be_v that_o the_o imagination_n be_v a_o power_n bury_v in_o the_o matter_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o object_n of_o the_o same_o gender_n and_o a_o action_n which_o terminate_v itself_o in_o something_o which_o in_o some_o manner_n be_v compose_v as_o that_o be_v m._n c._n find_v this_o reason_n very_o strange_a and_o answer_n that_o the_o imagination_n be_v no_o more_o bury_v in_o the_o matter_n than_o the_o accident_n which_o we_o give_v for_o its_o object_n and_o that_o they_o be_v as_o compose_v as_o she_o be_v but_o if_o he_o speak_v this_o in_o earnest_n we_o be_v both_o agree_v and_o he_o must_v with_o i_o confess_v that_o the_o imagination_n be_v a_o faculty_n in_o the_o matter_n the_o colour_n which_o be_v represent_v be_v also_o a_o quality_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o i_o will_v have_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o what_o be_v hot_a which_o be_v a_o heat_n in_o the_o matter_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o imagination_n and_o not_o the_o heat_n by_o itself_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v it_o be_v at_o that_o point_n he_o mean_v to_o stick_v for_o he_o oppose_v against_o we_o that_o a_o man_n can_v give_v the_o imagination_n a_o object_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o gender_n nor_o which_o be_v compose_v as_o she_o be_v unless_o it_o be_v a_o pure_a accident_n since_o the_o imagination_n be_v a_o faculty_n and_o that_o the_o faculty_n be_v a_o pure_a accident_n as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o discourse_n of_o instinct_n pag._n 9_o this_o objection_n be_v captious_a and_o i_o make_v a_o appeal_n here_o to_o m.c._n his_o sincerity_n to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v allow_v in_o good_a logic_n to_o change_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o term_n of_o which_o we_o be_v agree_v the_o question_n here_o be_v concern_v physical_a accident_n which_o can_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o matter_n and_o he_o give_v we_o the_o change_n in_o metaphysical_a accident_n which_o subsist_v only_o in_o the_o understanding_n it_o be_v true_a that_o when_o we_o examine_v what_o the_o essential_a difference_n of_o man_n be_v we_o say_v that_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v can_v not_o be_v it_o because_o it_o be_v a_o pure_a accident_n and_o that_o the_o difference_n of_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o substance_n now_o he_o can_v disavow_v but_o that_o the_o search_n of_o essential_a difference_n be_v from_o the_o secure_n of_o the_o metaphysic_n and_o that_o the_o faculty_n ought_v to_o be_v no_o otherwise_o consider_v but_o in_o physic_n so_o that_o he_o unprofitable_o labour_v to_o ruin_v what_o we_o have_v now_o establish_v for_o what_o we_o say_v in_o that_o place_n we_o consider_v here_o the_o imagination_n as_o a_o faculty_n which_o operate_v now_o it_o can_v operate_v without_o matter_n which_o serve_v for_o its_o organ_n it_o can_v therefore_o be_v conceive_v but_o in_o the_o matter_n and_o by_o consequence_n it_o must_v have_v a_o object_n which_o must_v be_v material_a and_o a_o action_n which_o terminate_v at_o something_o which_o must_v be_v as_o that_o be_v compose_v but_o what_o say_v he_o the_o imagination_n be_v no_o more_o material_a than_o the_o external_a sense_n which_o nevertheless_o know_v the_o accident_n only_o i_o can_v hereupon_o answer_v he_o that_o he_o suppose_v what_o be_v in_o question_n for_o in_o no_o part_n of_o his_o work_n have_v he_o prove_v that_o the_o external_a sense_n know_v accident_n only_o but_o as_o it_o be_v not_o his_o mind_n to_o establish_v any_o thing_n i_o shall_v content_v myself_o to_o demand_v of_o he_o whether_o by_o the_o external_a sense_n he_o mean_v the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n or_o the_o faculty_n which_o be_v in_o those_o organ_n for_o if_o they_o be_v only_o the_o organ_n the_o external_a sense_n do_v not_o know_v if_o it_o be_v the_o sensitive_a faculty_n it_o must_v operate_v and_o consequent_o form_v its_o image_n now_o this_o image_n represent_v somewhat_o beside_o the_o accident_n as_o we_o pretend_v to_o have_v show_v the_o imagination_n represent_v thing_n all_o entire_a the_o second_o reason_n i_o bring_v in_o confirmation_n of_o this_o truth_n be_v ground_v on_o that_o fair_a observation_n which_o some_o have_v make_v on_o the_o same_o subject_n i_o now_o treat_v to_o wit_n that_o there_o be_v two_o order_n of_o thing_n in_o the_o universe_n the_o one_o of_o which_o in_o the_o first_o intention_n of_o nature_n be_v make_v to_o be_v absolute_a the_o other_o be_v destine_v to_o represent_v they_o in_o this_o latter_a order_n be_v the_o know_a faculty_n for_o they_o have_v no_o other_o virtue_n but_o to_o know_v and_o can_v know_v but_o by_o represent_v the_o thing_n it_o be_v what_o aristotle_n say_v speak_v of_o the_o understanding_n that_o it_o have_v no_o other_o nature_n but_o that_o of_o be_v potential_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o be_v able_a to_o make_v and_o to_o be_v make_v all_o thing_n wherein_o the_o representation_n consist_v hence_o we_o conclude_v that_o if_o these_o faculty_n be_v destine_v to_o represent_v thing_n they_o must_v represent_v they_o all_o entire_a and_o such_o as_o they_o be_v otherwise_o it_o be_v not_o to_o represent_v they_o even_o as_o a_o man_n will_v never_o say_v that_o a_o painter_n have_v make_v the_o picture_n of_o a_o man_n have_v he_o paint_v only_o the_o eye_n or_o the_o mouth_n in_o effect_n as_o the_o member_n of_o this_o division_n relate_v the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o since_o the_o first_o compeehend_v all_o what_o be_v absolute_o the_o other_o must_v have_v the_o same_o extent_n so_o that_o the_o know_a faculty_n represent_v all_o thing_n which_o be_v absolute_a now_o thus_o to_o represent_v they_o be_v to_o represent_v they_o all_o entire_a so_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v destine_v to_o know_v sensible_a and_o corporeal_a thing_n aught_o to_o represent_v they_o such_o as_o they_o be_v that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o sensible_a and_o corporeal_a and_o because_o they_o be_v not_o corporeal_a without_o matter_n it_o necessary_o aught_o to_o represent_v they_o to_o its_o self_n with_o its_o matter_n and_o consequent_o the_o image_n it_o make_v represent_v not_o only_o the_o accident_n but_o even_o the_o subject_n which_o sustain_v they_o it_o be_v true_a that_o its_o representation_n be_v not_o exact_a that_o it_o distinguish_v not_o the_o subject_n from_o the_o accident_n and_o that_o it_o represent_v they_o but_o confuse_o but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o say_v it_o know_v it_o and_o the_o order_n which_o nature_n hold_v in_o all_o thing_n will_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n shall_v not_o be_v the_o most_o perfect_a and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v but_o the_o beginning_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o first_o essay_n to_o attain_v the_o perfection_n of_o that_o which_o the_o understanding_n be_v to_o form_n m._n c._n employ_v several_a answer_n to_o invalidate_v the_o force_n of_o raciocination_n and_o although_o at_o first_o he_o seem_v only_o to_o sport_n and_o divert_v himself_o yet_o that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v reproach_v not_o to_o have_v be_v serious_a enough_o in_o so_o important_a a_o matter_n i_o shall_v treat_v with_o he_o as_o if_o he_o have_v believe_v of_o a_o truth_n that_o if_o the_o imagination_n be_v the_o representative_a of_o thing_n aught_o to_o represent_v they_o all_o entire_a it_o follow_v that_o the_o picture_n which_o be_v also_o the_o representative_a of_o thing_n aught_o to_o represent_v they_o all_o entire_a and_o
if_o this_o be_v thus_o as_o no_o man_n need_v doubt_n m._n c._n can_v draw_v no_o advantage_n from_o what_o he_o have_v oppose_v for_o be_v it_o true_a that_o the_o understanding_n know_v universal_a and_o spiritual_a thing_n without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o imagination_n it_o will_v not_o from_o thence_o follow_v that_o he_o do_v know_v the_o substance_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n since_o there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n whereby_o it_o may_v know_v it_o in_o effect_v the_o imagination_n conceive_v what_o be_v hot_a what_o be_v animate_v and_o there_o be_v no_o likelihood_n when_o a_o beast_n see_v another_o animal_n that_o it_o conceive_v only_o the_o colour_n the_o figure_n and_o the_o motion_n which_o it_o perceive_v therein_o but_o it_o conceive_v somewhat_o which_o have_v all_o those_o accident_n and_o this_o can_v but_o be_v the_o substance_n which_o in_o man_n serve_v for_o the_o object_n to_o the_o direct_a knowledge_n of_o the_o understanding_n for_o in_o separate_v all_o the_o accident_n which_o the_o imagination_n confound_v he_o at_o last_o discover_v that_o thing_n which_o be_v void_a of_o those_o accident_n so_o that_o a_o man_n can_v say_v he_o do_v it_o afresh_o no_o more_o than_o he_o who_o find_v a_o treasure_n make_v the_o treasure_n by_o dig_v the_o earth_n and_o put_v by_o what_o hide_v it_o in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o discovery_n the_o understanding_n employ_v its_o oblique_a knowledge_n and_o by_o several_a relation_n and_o divers_a induction_n which_o it_o make_v he_o add_v to_o this_o substance_n other_o notion_n which_o be_v not_o true_o represent_v in_o the_o phantasm_n as_o universality_n spirituality_n and_o the_o like_a but_o this_o be_v not_o the_o place_n where_o we_o be_v to_o examine_v this_o subject_a and_o without_o trouble_v ourselves_o to_o establish_v our_o reason_n it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v that_o those_o which_o m._n c._n have_v make_v use_n of_o to_o destroy_v they_o have_v be_v nothing_o to_o their_o prejudice_n for_o as_o for_o what_o he_o add_v that_o he_o know_v not_o why_o i_o will_v not_o have_v the_o understanding_n know_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o represent_v in_o the_o phantasm_n since_o i_o will_v have_v the_o imagination_n shall_v know_v the_o substance_n without_o the_o help_n of_o external_a sense_n and_o sensible_a species_n he_o make_v i_o speak_v there_o as_o he_o please_v himself_o have_v he_o take_v notice_n of_o my_o word_n he_o will_v have_v find_v they_o quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o he_o say_v and_o that_o i_o will_v have_v that_o the_o understanding_n know_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o represent_v in_o the_o phantasm_n and_o that_o i_o will_v not_o have_v the_o imagination_n know_v the_o substance_n without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o sense_n and_o of_o the_o sensible_a species_n for_o although_o i_o assure_v that_o the_o imagination_n form_n itself_o its_o phantasm_n yet_o i_o have_v always_o say_v that_o it_o form_v it_o on_o the_o model_n of_o those_o sensible_a species_n which_o be_v receive_v through_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o without_o their_o aid_n as_o he_o will_v have_v that_o i_o have_v say_v yet_o i_o know_v that_o this_o be_v not_o the_o meaning_n which_o he_o give_v to_o my_o word_n neither_o will_v i_o stick_v at_o it_o and_o i_o will_v only_o observe_v this_o equivoque_n to_o make_v it_o be_v remember_v that_o those_o who_o undertake_v the_o censure_n of_o other_o man_n work_n aught_o to_o keep_v themselves_o on_o their_o guard_n and_o not_o to_o expose_v themselves_o to_o the_o danger_n to_o be_v reprehend_v by_o those_o they_o will_v correct_v i_o see_v then_o well_o enough_o the_o reason_n which_o he_o will_v employ_v against_o i_o be_v that_o if_o the_o imagination_n may_v represent_v the_o substance_n the_o picture_n of_o which_o the_o sensible_a species_n be_v not_o to_o make_v the_o understanding_n which_o be_v incomparable_o more_o know_v and_o more_o perfect_a may_v also_o represent_v it_o without_o the_o phantasm_n give_v it_o any_o image_n thereof_o but_o this_o objection_n be_v easy_o resolve_v because_o we_o do_v not_o consider_v here_o the_o understanding_n in_o itself_o and_o in_o its_o pure_a nature_n which_o may_v have_v such_o a_o power_n and_o perhaps_o soul_n separate_v may_v thus_o know_v corporal_a thing_n but_o we_o respect_v it_o in_o the_o state_n it_o be_v in_o we_o and_o in_o its_o ordinary_a manner_n of_o act_v which_o require_v the_o help_n of_o the_o inferior_a faculty_n otherwise_o we_o may_v prove_v that_o we_o have_v no_o need_n of_o eye_n to_o see_v thing_n since_o a_o man_n may_v see_v they_o without_o as_o spirit_n do_v it_o be_v the_o law_n which_o nature_n impose_v to_o this_o sublime_a faculty_n that_o at_o often_o as_o it_o be_v link_v to_o the_o body_n it_o ought_v to_o serve_v the_o sense_n and_o the_o imagination_n and_o not_o anticipate_v that_o knowledge_n which_o they_o be_v to_o give_v it_o and_o since_o they_o be_v destine_v to_o representation_n in_o corporal_a thing_n it_o ought_v to_o expect_v the_o report_n they_o be_v to_o make_v and_o take_v in_o for_o the_o ground_n of_o their_o first_o knowledge_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a they_o give_v in_o a_o account_n of_o the_o very_a substance_n of_o thing_n for_o that_o they_o can_v do_v otherwise_o for_o those_o reason_n which_o we_o have_v before_o recite_v and_o certain_o nature_n shall_v have_v be_v deceitful_a to_o have_v reduce_v all_o the_o knowledge_n of_o animal_n to_o exterior_a accident_n and_o to_o have_v deny_v they_o that_o which_o be_v the_o most_o important_a for_o their_o preservation_n these_o be_v the_o great_a endeavour_n m._n c._n have_v make_v against_o our_o first_n part._n for_o what_o he_o afterward_o add_v be_v so_o weak_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o which_o can_v excuse_v it_o but_o that_o he_o be_v at_o a_o end_n of_o his_o work_n and_o that_o in_o all_o likelihood_n his_o mind_n be_v tire_v with_o the_o long_a labour_n he_o have_v undertake_v in_o effect_n on_o what_o we_o have_v say_v that_o the_o imagination_n confound_v the_o accident_n with_o their_o subject_n the_o only_a reason_n he_o object_n be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o true_a for_o if_o he_o pretend_v to_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v it_o because_o the_o imagination_n know_v not_o the_o subject_a and_o that_o the_o quality_n serve_v not_o for_o mark_n to_o know_v they_o it_o be_v what_o be_v in_o question_n and_o consequent_o can_v pass_v for_o a_o proof_n experience_n reas_n 4._o draw_v from_o experience_n as_o for_o the_o experience_n i_o propose_v which_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n we_o have_v of_o visible_a accident_n we_o do_v not_o only_o believe_v we_o see_v the_o accident_n but_o the_o body_n themselves_o wherein_o they_o be_v he_o answer_v that_o this_o experience_n be_v false_a because_o say_v he_o the_o first_o sight_n or_o single_a conception_n can_v precede_v the_o affirmation_n and_o the_o reason_n without_o which_o one_o can_v conclude_v nor_o know_v a_o substance_n by_o mean_n of_o a_o accident_n but_o to_o what_o purpose_n do_v he_o speak_v here_o of_o affirmation_n and_o reason_n in_o this_o encounter_n we_o will_v not_o have_v the_o imagination_n reason_n or_o affirm_v any_o thing_n neither_o be_v it_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o accident_n that_o it_o know_v the_o substance_n at_o one_o sight_n it_o see_v both_o as_o it_o see_v the_o colour_n and_o the_o figure_n and_o when_o i_o say_v that_o it_o believe_v it_o see_v the_o subject_n of_o accident_n it_o be_v not_o by_o the_o reflection_n it_o make_v on_o its_o first_o knowledge_n but_o it_o be_v in_o its_o common_a way_n of_o speak_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o they_o think_v they_o certain_o know_v for_o when_o any_o object_n present_v itself_o to_o sight_n it_o be_v true_a we_o believe_v we_o see_v it_o and_o we_o think_v we_o be_v not_o deceive_v in_o that_o knowledge_n which_o our_o eye_n afford_v we_o and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o we_o can_v say_v we_o make_v any_o affirmation_n conclusion_n or_o reason_v how_o ever_o it_o be_v it_o import_v i_o or_o the_o truth_n but_o very_o little_a that_o m._n c._n deny_v the_o experience_n which_o shall_v be_v confess_v by_o all_o other_o man_n so_o as_o they_o be_v not_o blind_a and_o if_o we_o will_v consult_v with_o the_o most_o ignorant_a who_o common_o be_v the_o most_o certain_a and_o most_o sincere_a judge_n we_o can_v choose_v for_o what_o concern_v the_o sense_n they_o will_v all_o say_v that_o when_o they_o see_v a_o stone_n they_o do_v not_o only_o see_v the_o colour_n and_o the_o figure_n but_o the_o thing_n itself_o which_o have_v those_o quality_n it_o be_v not_o that_o at_o this_o first_o sight_n they_o distinguish_v it_o from_o its_o accident_n because_o
the_o imagination_n confound_v they_o and_o conceive_v the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o and_o if_o they_o come_v afterward_o to_o distinguish_v they_o it_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o reason_n which_o separate_v what_o the_o imagination_n have_v confound_v but_o m._n c._n can_v comprehend_v that_o reason_n separate_v what_o the_o imagination_n have_v confound_v for_o say_v he_o if_o the_o imagination_n form_v a_o idea_n of_o a_o different_a substance_n from_o that_o of_o the_o accident_n it_o must_v distinguish_v they_o and_o i_o can_v also_o apprehend_v why_o he_o bring_v a_o proposition_n for_o a_o proof_n which_o be_v contrary_a both_o to_o his_o sense_n and_o to_o i_o for_o he_o believe_v not_o that_o the_o imagination_n can_v form_v a_o idea_n of_o substance_n different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o accident_n unless_o he_o will_v destroy_v all_o what_o he_o have_v propose_v and_o for_o my_o part_n i_o be_o so_o far_o from_o have_v have_v this_o thought_n that_o i_o ever_o say_v that_o the_o imagination_n represent_v the_o accident_n and_o the_o substance_n confuse_o and_o therefore_o without_o any_o distinction_n i_o confess_v that_o this_o representation_n be_v make_v on_o the_o model_n of_o the_o sensible_a species_n which_o represent_v but_o the_o accident_n only_o but_o the_o sensitive_a faculty_n make_v none_o of_o this_o distinction_n because_o it_o can_v make_v it_o without_o know_v and_o that_o it_o can_v know_v without_o form_v its_o phantasm_n now_o the_o phantasm_n ought_v necessary_o to_o represent_v the_o accident_n in_o concrete_a that_o be_v to_o say_v with_o the_o substance_n as_o we_o have_v already_o prove_v and_o that_o therefore_o it_o can_v distinguish_v the_o substance_n from_o the_o accident_n for_o the_o rest_n the_o more_o easy_o to_o conceive_v this_o manner_n of_o operate_a from_o which_o the_o imagination_n can_v dispense_v itself_o we_o must_v consider_v the_o art_n of_o cast_v of_o statue_n for_o although_o the_o mould_n in_o which_o they_o be_v make_v be_v hollow_a and_o that_o it_o can_v only_o give_v that_o figure_n which_o be_v imprint_v on_o it_o nevertheless_o the_o statue_n forbear_v not_o to_o come_v out_o massy_a and_o on_o a_o empty_a pattern_n which_o have_v but_o the_o superficies_n the_o founder_n make_v a_o solid_a and_o flat_a work_n the_o imagination_n do_v the_o same_o since_o the_o sensible_a species_n which_o bear_v the_o image_n of_o the_o accident_n only_o it_o so_o form_n its_o phantasm_n that_o with_o those_o accident_n it_o comprehend_v the_o main_a and_o body_n it_o sustain_v to_o return_v to_o m_o c._n the_o hypothesis_n whereupon_o he_o ground_n his_o conclusion_n be_v imaginary_a and_o he_o can_v save_v himself_o from_o the_o reproach_n which_o may_v be_v lay_v to_o he_o to_o have_v impose_v on_o i_o thing_n i_o never_o say_v or_o to_o have_v form_v to_o himself_o chimera_n to_o fight_v withal_o in_o pursuit_n he_o demand_v how_o according_a to_o my_o principle_n the_o understanding_n can_v make_v this_o distinction_n since_o the_o phantasm_n represent_v not_o the_o ground_n thereof_o and_o that_o after_o have_v separate_v what_o be_v confound_v nothing_o remain_v to_o make_v he_o know_v the_o distinction_n it_o be_v easy_a for_o i_o to_o answer_v he_o that_o the_o phantasm_n represent_v to_o the_o understanding_n the_o ground_n of_o this_o distinction_n since_o it_o represent_v two_o confuse_a thing_n which_o may_v be_v separate_a and_o that_o after_o it_o have_v separate_v what_o be_v confuse_v the_o separate_a thing_n which_o remain_v make_v it_o know_v the_o distinction_n for_o the_o separation_n do_v not_o real_o differ_v from_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v separate_v no_o more_o than_o the_o motion_n from_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v move_v but_o to_o cut_v off_o these_o vain_a subtlety_n which_o be_v destroy_v by_o themselves_o if_o we_o will_v have_v the_o term_n they_o be_v conceive_v by_o we_o in_o one_o word_n say_v that_o this_o distinction_n be_v rank_a of_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o may_v be_v know_v by_o the_o understanding_n without_o be_v represent_v in_o the_o phantasm_n for_o whether_o it_o be_v prove_v for_o the_o action_n itself_o it_o do_v or_o for_o a_o general_a notion_n it_o form_n on_o that_o action_n it_o be_v certain_a it_o can_v have_v no_o direct_a knowledge_n of_o it_o and_o that_o it_o must_v reflect_v and_o reply_v on_o itself_o to_o know_v it_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a observation_n which_o m._n c._n have_v make_v against_o the_o first_o part_n of_o my_o work_n part._n observation_n on_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o first_o part._n and_o which_o he_o have_v place_v at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o book_n to_o crown_v his_o labour_n and_o only_o that_o he_o may_v have_v cause_n to_o tell_v i_o that_o he_o have_v examine_v all_o my_o reason_n but_o although_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o all_o his_o work_n direct_o opposite_a to_o i_o have_v even_o seek_v to_o finish_v where_o he_o begin_v the_o whole_a be_v to_o know_v whether_o he_o have_v succeed_v well_o or_o no_o and_o whether_o he_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v that_o his_o sixteenth_o chapter_n shall_v dispense_v he_o from_o stop_v at_o those_o thing_n which_o i_o have_v here_o treat_v for_o nigh_o own_o part_n after_o have_v see_v the_o title_n of_o his_o book_n which_o promise_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o animal_n i_o think_v in_o some_o place_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v explicate_v what_o knowledge_n be_v and_o how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o since_o he_o will_v not_o have_v they_o make_v proposition_n nor_o discourse_n that_o at_o least_o he_o will_v satisfy_v these_o premise_n which_o oblige_v he_o to_o show_v how_o they_o know_v thing_n that_o be_v to_o say_v how_o how_o that_o simple_a conception_n be_v make_v which_o he_o and_o all_o the_o world_n allow_v they_o nevertheless_o there_o be_v no_o one_o word_n of_o all_o that_o in_o his_o whole_a work_n and_o that_o sixteenth_o chapter_n which_o shall_v have_v dispense_v he_o from_o examine_v what_o i_o have_v say_v thereupon_o speak_v of_o nothing_o less_o than_o of_o that_o first_o knowledge_n and_o treat_v only_o of_o ratiocination_n we_o must_v needs_o afterward_o say_v that_o passion_n have_v altogether_o blind_v he_o and_o take_v from_o he_o the_o sight_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o he_o ought_v most_o careful_o to_o have_v examine_v for_o this_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o all_o what_o both_o of_o we_o have_v to_o say_v since_o both_o of_o we_o have_v a_o design_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o beast_n and_o if_o i_o have_v well_o prove_v that_o they_o know_v thing_n by_o form_v of_o their_o image_n i_o have_v a_o great_a prejudge_v to_o conclude_v that_o they_o may_v both_o judge_v and_o reason_n since_o judgement_n and_o discourse_n be_v make_v by_o the_o union_n of_o image_n which_o be_v not_o so_o difficult_a to_o make_v as_o their_o production_n and_o if_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o first_o knowledge_n be_v not_o form_v after_o that_o manner_n he_o without_o doubt_n have_v much_o shake_v all_o the_o body_n of_o his_o proof_n and_o he_o will_v have_v vaunt_a to_o have_v overthrow_v one_o of_o the_o strong_a arch_n battery_n of_o my_o work_n however_o it_o be_v if_o he_o have_v have_v the_o true_a spirit_n of_o philosophy_n instead_o of_o seek_v that_o little_a vanity_n which_o he_o have_v of_o say_v that_o there_o be_v none_o of_o my_o reason_n which_o he_o have_v not_o examine_v and_o to_o speak_v in_o his_o sense_n which_o he_o have_v not_o justle_v and_o combat_v be_v shall_v have_v help_v i_o exact_o to_o have_v acknowledge_v those_o truth_n of_o which_o i_o have_v make_v the_o first_o discovery_n he_o shall_v in_o earnest_n have_v approve_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v conformable_a to_o reason_n and_o have_v add_v afterward_o his_o own_o light_n which_o may_v have_v make_v i_o see_v what_o i_o do_v not_o perceive_v final_o he_o shall_v with_o some_o restraint_n have_v come_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o my_o proposition_n which_o be_v so_o glorious_a to_o the_o sovereign_a matter_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o which_o be_v more_o capable_a of_o put_v into_o spirit_n the_o admiration_n of_o his_o bounty_n and_o of_o his_o magnificence_n then_o any_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o nature_n for_o if_o the_o soul_n can_v produce_v the_o image_n of_o thing_n and_o that_o it_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o know_v they_o but_o that_o who_o will_v not_o admire_v the_o wonderful_a fecundity_n which_o god_n have_v give_v it_o since_o as_o many_o time_n as_o it_o know_v as_o many_o time_n at_o it_o remember_v the_o thing_n it_o have_v know_v it_o must_v as_o many_o time_n produce_v those_o image_n and_o consequent_o make_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o they_o without_o be_v
in_o dream_n and_o sickness_n the_o imagination_n assemble_v phantasm_n which_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o order_n to_o assemble_v they_o she_o first_o of_o all_o must_v separate_v those_o with_o which_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a tie_n yet_o will_v not_o m.c._n consent_v to_o this_o truth_n as_o clear_v and_o evident_a as_o it_o be_v and_o he_o say_v that_o to_o persuade_v he_o i_o must_v employ_v reason_n like_o those_o i_o use_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v the_o substance_n of_o object_n i_o be_o very_o glad_a that_o m.c._n who_o be_v so_o serious_a will_v sport_v himself_o here_o he_o must_v also_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o say_v that_o he_o may_v do_v it_o more_o modest_o than_o he_o have_v do_v for_o in_o stead_n of_o play_v upon_o i_o he_o offend_v i_o and_o instead_o of_o use_v raillery_n he_o wrong_v i_o be_v i_o to_o revenge_v myself_o i_o shall_v only_o answer_v that_o since_o he_o do_v not_o apprehend_v the_o reason_n he_o speak_v of_o it_o have_v be_v useless_a for_o i_o to_o have_v produce_v the_o like_a but_o as_o there_o be_v a_o great_a appearance_n that_o he_o will_v be_v now_o better_o instruct_v than_o he_o be_v then_o and_o that_o the_o confusion_n he_o will_v be_v in_o to_o have_v use_v i_o so_o unworthy_o be_v revenge_n enough_o for_o i_o i_o shall_v content_v myself_o to_o assure_v he_o that_o i_o have_v not_o only_o take_v the_o leisure_n but_o also_o care_v to_o examine_v the_o reason_n he_o condemn_v and_o that_o other_o as_o judicious_a as_o himself_o have_v approve_v they_o and_o that_o for_o his_o reputation_n it_o have_v be_v to_o have_v be_v wish_v that_o he_o himself_o have_v not_o have_v the_o leisure_n to_o have_v examine_v they_o for_o have_v he_o be_v content_v with_o what_o he_o have_v say_v here_o he_o can_v have_v make_v those_o believe_v which_o have_v net_n the_o commodity_n of_o read_v they_o that_o they_o be_v as_o strange_a as_o he_o imagine_v they_o but_o the_o passion_n he_o have_v to_o leave_v nothing_o uncontradict_v by_o which_o he_o have_v finish_v his_o work_n have_v in_o the_o addition_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o he_o understand_v they_o not_o and_o i_o be_o confident_a that_o this_o happen_v through_o his_o fault_n and_o none_o of_o i_o after_o all_o this_o can_v i_o not_o have_v show_v that_o the_o imagination_n make_v negative_a proposition_n it_o be_v indifferent_a for_o the_o design_n i_o have_v to_o prove_v that_o animal_n reason_n it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o she_o make_v affirmative_n to_o infer_v what_o i_o pretend_v as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o pursuit_n i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v in_o my_o first_o discourse_n that_o i_o build_v no_o foundation_n on_o the_o proof_n which_o i_o may_v draw_v from_o negative_a proposition_n speak_v thereof_o but_o by_o the_o way_n and_o with_o that_o briefness_n which_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o those_o thing_n require_v which_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o those_o of_o which_o have_v be_v ample_o treat_v so_o that_o without_o forsake_v the_o opinion_n i_o have_v of_o these_o proposition_n i_o shall_v grant_v m.c._n that_o i_o have_v not_o well_o establish_v they_o so_o as_o he_o will_v confess_v that_o he_o have_v not_o sufficient_o destroy_v they_o and_o shall_v he_o have_v succeed_v that_o it_o will_v nothing_o prejudice_v the_o right_n which_o i_o defend_v how_o beast_n judge_v of_o thing_n but_o let_v we_o conclude_v this_o troublesome_a discourse_n by_o the_o address_n which_o he_o use_v to_o show_v that_o beast_n judge_v not_o whether_o thing_n be_v good_a or_o ill_a unto_o they_o for_o he_o will_v have_v it_o pass_v for_o a_o authentic_a proof_n p._n 143._o the_o sense_n of_o most_o part_n of_o philosopher_n who_o believe_v they_o judge_v of_o nothing_o and_o that_o they_o know_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v good_a for_o they_o by_o simple_a conception_n without_o affirm_v that_o they_o be_v good_a and_o indeed_o if_o he_o can_v oblige_v i_o to_o admit_v for_o the_o judge_n of_o a_o dispute_n those_o who_o be_v my_o adversary_n he_o will_v have_v find_v a_o good_a expedient_a to_o have_v gain_v his_o cause_n i_o know_v that_o it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n and_o that_o the_o school_n teach_v that_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o say_v to_o compose_v but_o in_o that_o it_o consider_v two_o image_n at_o once_o as_o he_o say_v but_o these_o be_v judge_n or_o interest_v witness_n which_o i_o refuse_v in_o this_o cause_n be_v it_o to_o be_v decide_v by_o authority_n m._n c's_o will_v alone_o of_o itself_o have_v as_o much_o power_n over_o i_o as_o that_o of_o all_o the_o philosopher_n which_o he_o quote_v and_o where_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o produce_v reason_n i_o shall_v as_o willing_o follow_v his_o opinion_n as_o that_o of_o all_o the_o school_n but_o here_o we_o must_v of_o necessity_n and_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o beast_n judge_v of_o nothing_o it_o must_v be_v prove_v by_o some_o reason_n which_o at_o lest_o must_v be_v probable_a and_o must_v not_o subject_v we_o to_o the_o tyranny_n of_o these_o philosopher_n who_o have_v no_o other_o motive_n to_o believe_v thing_n but_o that_o their_o master_n say_v it_o but_o m._n c._n will_v have_v we_o believe_v from_o his_o bare_a word_n that_o beast_n judge_v not_o of_o the_o object_n of_o their_o appetite_n but_o as_o the_o external_n sense_n judge_n that_o a_o odour_n be_v good_a or_o ill_a that_o fire_n burn_v that_o honey_n be_v sweet_a and_o wormwood_n bitter_a without_o its_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v those_o thing_n for_o the_o tongue_n to_o say_v this_o be_v sweet_a and_o this_o be_v bitter_a first_o he_o confound_v those_o knowledge_n which_o be_v altogether_o different_a for_o the_o sense_n know_v after_o another_o manner_n that_o honey_n be_v sweet_a and_o wormwood_n bitter_a than_o they_o do_v that_o fire_n burn_v and_o that_o a_o smell_n do_v good_a or_o ill_n and_o i_o shall_v always_o grant_v that_o beast_n judge_v not_o of_o the_o object_n of_o their_o appetite_n but_o as_o the_o sense_n know_v that_o fire_n burn_v or_o that_o a_o odour_n be_v ill_a but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n i_o shall_v deny_v that_o they_o judge_v of_o the_o object_n of_o their_o appetite_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o taste_n judge_v of_o the_o sweetness_n of_o honey_n and_o bitterness_n of_o wormwood_n for_o the_o sense_n may_v by_o a_o simple_a conception_n judge_v of_o the_o sweetness_n of_o honey_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v the_o proper_a and_o immediate_a object_n of_o the_o taste_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o always_o necessary_a that_o the_o imagination_n shall_v make_v a_o progress_n from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o but_o when_o it_o judge_v that_o the_o fire_n burn_v it_o pass_v not_o only_o from_o the_o cause_n to_o the_o effect_n but_o it_o add_v also_o one_o image_n which_o be_v not_o sensible_a to_o one_o which_o be_v by_o judge_v that_o burn_a be_v evil_a which_o be_v a_o image_n which_o the_o sense_n furnish_v it_o not_o withal_o since_o to_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a useful_a or_o useless_a be_v such_o thing_n which_o know_v per_fw-la species_n non_fw-la sensatas_fw-la as_o the_o school_n say_v and_o which_o require_v beside_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o sense_n that_o of_o the_o estimative_a faculty_n but_o i_o say_v yet_o more_o to_o make_v this_o judgement_n reason_n be_v often_o employ_v therein_o for_o when_o a_o animal_n see_v the_o fire_n and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o come_v near_o it_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v burn_v by_o it_o he_o must_v have_v prove_v that_o it_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o fire_n to_o burn_v and_o remember_v the_o evil_n which_o former_o it_o have_v do_v unto_o he_o and_o consequent_o he_o must_v unite_v the_o image_n of_o the_o burn_a and_o the_o ill_a which_o he_o receive_v thereby_o with_o that_o of_o the_o present_a object_n and_o that_o of_o the_o ill_a which_o he_o apprehend_v therefrom_o which_o can_v not_o be_v do_v without_o discourse_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o beside_o what_o need_n have_v he_o to_o add_v that_o to_o know_v thing_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o the_o tongue_n to_o say_v this_o be_v sweet_a and_o this_o be_v bitter_a do_v he_o believe_v proposition_n may_v not_o be_v make_v without_o speak_v and_o that_o the_o judgement_n which_o the_o soul_n make_v in_o itself_o without_o express_v it_o by_o language_n be_v not_o true_a judgement_n if_o that_o be_v so_o dumb_a person_n will_v be_v more_o unhappy_a than_o we_o think_v they_o to_o be_v since_o they_o shall_v not_o only_o have_v lose_v their_o speech_n but_o even_o their_o judgement_n and_o their_o reason_n however_o it_o be_v it_o be_v not_o the_o tongue_n which_o make_v proposition_n it_o be_v the_o faculty_n of_o the_o
of_o discourse_n consist_v in_o this_o motion_n but_o also_o as_o by_o this_o return_n the_o soul_n retake_v the_o term_n of_o the_o first_o proposition_n we_o may_v say_v that_o the_o form_n of_o the_o syllogism_n be_v shed_v abroad_o through_o they_o and_o that_o in_o that_o sense_n it_o must_v be_v consider_v as_o a_o whole_a every_o proposition_n whereof_o make_v a_o integral_a part_n without_o which_o it_o can_v be_v entire_a and_o perfect_a reflection_n the_o return_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o a_o reflection_n yet_o must_v we_o not_o abuse_v ourselves_o on_o the_o word_n return_v as_o i_o perceive_v most_o man_n have_v do_v who_o take_v it_o for_o a_o reflection_n for_o this_o to_o speak_v proper_o be_v make_v when_o the_o faculty_n reflect_v on_o itself_o and_o on_o its_o proper_a action_n consider_v they_o separate_v from_o their_o subject_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o understanding_n only_o can_v make_v this_o kind_n of_o reflection_n because_o it_o can_v be_v without_o abstraction_n of_o which_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o capable_a but_o when_o the_o soul_n retake_v a_o image_n which_o it_o have_v already_o form_v for_o to_o join_v it_o with_o another_o it_o plight_n not_o on_o itself_o nor_o on_o on_o its_o knowledge_n but_o only_o on_o the_o effect_n of_o its_o action_n thus_o there_o be_v no_o abstraction_n nor_o consequent_o no_o true_a reflection_n and_o the_o imagination_n may_v as_o well_o make_v this_o return_n as_o the_o eye_n which_o have_v see_v several_a object_n one_o after_o the_o other_o may_v return_v to_o that_o which_o it_o first_o perceive_v whence_o we_o may_v draw_v this_o consequence_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o ratiocination_n which_o surpass_v the_o soâ—ce_n of_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v above_o the_o soul_n of_o beast_n it_o be_v time_n to_o return_v to_o m._n c._n who_o say_v that_o the_o dog_n judge_v not_o of_o the_o possibility_n of_o what_o he_o undertake_v because_o if_o it_o be_v so_o he_o will_v not_o make_v so_o many_o leap_v and_o so_o many_o unprofitable_a endeavour_n and_o will_v not_o strive_v to_o take_v what_o the_o most_o stupid_a reason_n will_v show_v he_o be_v too_o much_o elevate_v and_o thence_o he_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n which_o carry_v he_o to_o it_o but_o it_o be_v the_o object_n which_o draw_v he_o and_o which_o move_v his_o spirit_n as_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o this_o possibility_n i_o shall_v only_o here_o say_v that_o beast_n as_o well_o as_o man_n often_o deceive_v themselves_o in_o the_o judgement_n which_o they_o make_v and_o that_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o do_v figure_n to_o themselves_o thing_n to_o be_v possible_a which_o be_v not_o so_o at_o all_o but_o this_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o before_o they_o be_v undertake_v they_o make_v a_o judgement_n of_o it_o how_o false_a or_o deceitful_a soever_o it_o may_v be_v as_o we_o shall_v show_v so_o that_o this_o ought_v not_o to_o oblige_v m_n c._n in_o so_o extravagant_a a_o opinion_n contrary_a to_o all_o the_o maxim_n of_o philosophy_n as_o that_o be_v which_o he_o seem_v to_o endeavour_v to_o defend_v when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o object_n draw_v the_o appetite_n and_o move_v the_o spirit_n for_o although_o this_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o a_o moral_a attraction_n as_o we_o speak_v in_o the_o school_n and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o the_o good_a and_o the_o end_n be_v accustom_v to_o make_v yet_o in_o other_o encounter_v he_o well_o observe_v that_o he_o understand_v a_o physical_a attraction_n since_o he_o assure_v that_o the_o object_n have_v a_o adamantine_a quality_n which_o suppose_v a_o action_n of_o that_o kind_n i_o will_v not_o therefore_o insist_v thereupon_o see_v he_o will_v not_o clear_o make_v it_o appear_v what_o he_o think_v thereupon_o let_v we_o therefore_o follow_v he_o another_o way_n and_o see_v what_o endeavour_n he_o will_v make_v against_o the_o craft_n which_o beast_n use_v in_o hunt_v which_o we_o be_v assure_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o ratiocination_n chap._n iii_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o what_o m._n c._n have_v say_v against_o the_o second_o experience_n which_o we_o propose_v touch_v the_o wile_n of_o beast_n beast_n of_o the_o slight_n of_o beast_n certain_o we_o may_v say_v of_o a_o truth_n that_o here_o he_o oppose_v slight_n to_o slight_n and_o that_o he_o imitate_v those_o fish_n which_o cast_v abroad_o their_o ink_n to_o hide_v themselves_o from_o the_o eye_n and_o snare_n of_o the_o fisherman_n for_o to_o lessen_v the_o splendour_n and_o evidence_n of_o a_o reason_n with_o which_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v convince_v he_o cast_v obscurity_n on_o my_o word_n and_o say_v that_o all_o the_o difficulty_n to_o be_v find_v therein_o depend_v on_o the_o ambiguity_n of_o the_o term_n of_o slight_n and_o of_o figure_v for_o my_o part_n who_o use_v according_a to_o the_o common_a sense_n they_o bear_v among_o we_o i_o believe_v unless_o a_o man_n be_v dutch_a or_o welsh_a he_o can_v find_v no_o equivoke_v in_o they_o after_o all_o if_o there_o be_v any_o m._n c._n shall_v have_v put_v they_o by_o and_o afterward_o have_v discover_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o reason_n which_o i_o have_v hide_v as_o he_o feign_v under_o the_o ambiguity_n of_o those_o two_o term_n it_o also_o belong_v to_o he_o to_o propose_v some_o of_o those_o slight_n even_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v choose_v among_o they_o all_o that_o which_o to_o he_o seem_v most_o advantageous_a to_o i_o that_o demonstrate_v that_o discourse_n have_v no_o share_n in_o it_o he_o may_v render_v my_o reason_n useless_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o think_v himself_o sufficient_o shelter_v in_o say_v that_o if_o i_o have_v design_v any_o one_o of_o these_o slight_n in_o particular_a he_o will_v have_v endeavour_v to_o have_v explicate_v they_o but_o what_o since_o i_o design_v they_o all_o be_v it_o necessary_a for_o i_o to_o mark_v any_o in_o particular_a and_o since_o i_o except_v none_o ought_v he_o not_o to_o have_v judge_v that_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v there_o be_v any_o which_o do_v not_o serve_v for_o my_o cause_n and_o that_o the_o first_o of_o they_o which_o he_o shall_v have_v defeat_v will_v have_v render_v my_o objection_n vain_a and_o deficient_a true_o this_o make_v i_o remember_v those_o fanfawor_n to_o who_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o combat_n be_v offer_v and_o which_o afterward_o excuse_v themselves_o on_o this_o that_o that_o of_o the_o sword_n they_o be_v not_o design_v to_o wherein_o they_o vaunt_v they_o will_v have_v wrought_v wonder_n for_o my_o part_n i_o know_v not_o what_o there_o will_v have_v be_v which_o m._n c._n will_v have_v make_v in_o a_o particular_a examen_fw-la but_o i_o can_v say_v that_o in_o general_n he_o have_v wrought_v no_o great_a one_o and_o that_o when_o he_o content_v himself_o to_o assure_v we_o in_o gross_a that_o of_o all_o those_o slight_n some_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o instinct_n and_o other_o of_o memory_n and_o custom_n there_o be_v nothing_o therein_o wonderful_a unless_o he_o forget_v some_o which_o be_v neither_o make_v by_o instinct_n memory_n nor_o custom_n and_o that_o notwithstanding_o his_o induction_n be_v not_o complete_a yet_o he_o forbear_v not_o to_o draw_v a_o universal_a conclusion_n for_o set_v aside_o that_o instinct_n memory_n and_o custom_n do_v not_o exclude_v reason_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o old_a hare_n and_o fox_n be_v more_o wily_a than_o the_o young_a one_o and_o consequent_o they_o have_v particular_a wile_n which_o they_o have_v learn_v from_o themselves_o and_o which_o can_v come_v from_o instinct_n since_o instinct_n be_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v natural_a and_o common_a to_o all_o the_o species_n this_o be_v suppose_v when_o they_o first_o of_o all_o use_n these_o wile_n it_o be_v neither_o by_o custom_n nor_o memory_n see_v as_o yet_o they_o never_o have_v make_v use_n of_o they_o and_o that_o we_o can_v accustom_v 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a_o army_n to_o combat_v it_o and_o to_o afford_v it_o a_o whole_a chapter_n for_o the_o pitch_a field_n let_v we_o therefore_o a_o while_n observe_v these_o new_a enemy_n and_o first_o of_o all_o i_o see_v m.c._n send_v forth_o his_o forlorn-hope_a i_o call_v all_o that_o part_n so_o which_o he_o have_v say_v concern_v custom_n in_o the_o page_n 145_o and_o 146._o which_o nothing_o concern_v the_o question_n in_o debate_n and_o after_o several_a feign_v which_o he_o make_v to_o baffle_v what_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v concern_v the_o production_n and_o union_n of_o image_n at_o last_o he_o come_v to_o the_o assault_n and_o pretend_v to_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n have_v no_o knowledge_n at_o all_o of_o thing_n past_a present_a and_o to_o come_v whereupon_o be_v ground_v all_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o reason_n in_o effect_n he_o well_o foresee_v that_o if_o he_o grant_v that_o the_o presence_n of_o some_o object_n make_v some_o beast_n remember_v past_a thing_n and_o make_v they_o expect_v the_o like_a from_o thence_o to_o come_v he_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o confess_v that_o they_o reason_n as_o we_o may_v judge_v by_o what_o he_o have_v say_v of_o fear_n p._n 155._o for_o which_o cause_n he_o bold_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v true_a and_o make_v all_o his_o endeavour_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v no_o difference_n of_o time_n but_o to_o what_o purpose_n serve_v all_o these_o reason_n if_o the_o experience_n we_o have_v produce_v convince_v they_o of_o error_n all_o the_o world_n know_v and_o all_o the_o world_n see_v that_o beast_n hope_v that_o they_o fear_v that_o they_o desire_v and_o consequent_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o they_o must_v know_v future_a thing_n since_o all_o these_o passion_n be_v move_v only_o by_o the_o good_a or_o ill_n which_o be_v to_o come_v now_o if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o labour_v to_o show_v that_o they_o can_v know_v no_o difference_n of_o time_n wherefore_o before_o we_o examine_v what_o he_o have_v produce_v to_o prove_v this_o proposition_n we_o must_v see_v what_o he_o oppose_v to_o this_o experience_n and_o what_o address_n he_o use_v to_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o so_o ill_a a_o pass_n beast_n hope_v for_o thing_n to_o come_v first_o he_o accuse_v i_o not_o to_o speak_v wholesome_o when_o i_o say_v that_o beast_n hope_v because_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o write_v that_o to_o speak_v wholesome_o there_o be_v none_o but_o man_n do_v hope_n and_o that_o all_o other_o animal_n have_v but_o a_o shadow_n of_o hope_n as_o well_o as_o of_o reason_n whence_o he_o conclude_v that_o since_o that_o time_n the_o action_n of_o beast_n have_v not_o change_v their_o nature_n and_o that_o it_o do_v not_o become_v a_o philosopher_n to_o make_v that_o pass_n for_o a_o truth_n which_o be_v so_o only_o in_o shadow_n and_o appearance_n certain_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o judge_v by_o this_o answer_n that_o m._n c._n be_v very_o much_o puzzle_v here_o and_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o destroy_v the_o hope_n of_o beast_n he_o will_v charge_v his_o fable_n upon_o the_o reader_n and_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o the_o danger_n by_o make_v use_n of_o my_o word_n but_o without_o reproach_v he_o as_o he_o have_v do_v i_o that_o this_o kind_n of_o proceed_v be_v not_o become_v a_o man_n who_o seek_v the_o truth_n and_o that_o it_o smell_v more_o of_o the_o sophister_n then_o of_o the_o philosopher_n he_o will_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o say_v that_o what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o write_v on_o the_o same_o subject_n be_v not_o here_o to_o be_v bring_v in_o question_n in_o which_o happy_o i_o may_v have_v be_v deceive_v but_o to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v true_a that_o beast_n hope_v for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o they_o must_v hope_v for_o the_o good_a to_o come_v and_o know_v future_a thing_n .._o be_v i_o he_o alone_o who_o hold_v this_o opinion_n perhaps_o the_o contradiction_n which_o m._n c._n observe_v in_o my_o word_n may_v render_v it_o suspicious_a but_o aristotle_n st_n thomas_n in_o a_o word_n all_o the_o school_n be_v of_o that_o opinion_n and_o there_o be_v no_o philosopher_n of_o esteem_n who_o acknowledge_v not_o hope_n to_o be_v in_o beast_n &_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o future_a in_o hope_n even_o m_o c._n can_v but_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n 40._o 9_o hist_o 1._o 1._o 2._o q._n 40._o since_o he_o believe_v beast_n be_v capable_a of_o desire_n for_o hope_n be_v only_o different_a from_o desire_n by_o the_o difficulty_n we_o figure_v of_o obtain_v the_o good_a which_o we_o have_v not_o now_o beast_n may_v desire_v a_o good_a which_o they_o may_v judge_v difficult_a to_o obtain_v and_o consequent_o may_v hope_v for_o it_o m._n c._n must_v therefore_o confess_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o experience_n or_o prepare_v another_o answer_n then_o what_o he_o have_v produce_v since_o it_o satisfy_v not_o the_o common_a opinion_n which_o have_v no_o interest_n in_o the_o contradiction_n which_o he_o have_v find_v in_o my_o writing_n but_o shall_v m._n c._n possible_o have_v believe_v that_o true_a which_o i_o say_v in_o another_o place_n in_o the_o elegy_n of_o hope_n be_v contrary_a to_o what_o i_o here_o affirm_v do_v he_o not_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v a_o rhetorical_a discourse_n wherein_o we_o give_v more_o liberty_n to_o word_n and_o wherein_o term_n keep_v not_o to_o that_o severity_n which_o dogmatical_a discourse_n require_v but_o what_o if_o he_o have_v say_v that_o to_o speak_v sober_o true_a philosopher_n only_a reason_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o man_n have_v but_o a_o shadow_n of_o ratiocination_n have_v he_o not_o make_v a_o proposition_n which_o in_o some_o sense_n be_v most_o true_a and_o will_v he_o not_o just_o have_v deride_v those_o who_o from_o thence_o will_v have_v induce_v that_o other_o man_n do_v not_o reason_n do_v he_o believe_v that_o when_o plato_n assert_n that_o all_o what_o be_v here_o below_o be_v but_o the_o shadow_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o their_o idea_n do_v he_o then_o belâ—eve_v there_o be_v nothing_o real_a or_o true_a they_o be_v way_n of_o speak_v which_o all_o language_n have_v use_v to_o observe_v how_o some_o thing_n be_v estrange_v from_o the_o perfection_n of_o other_o and_o it_o be_v to_o deprive_v they_o of_o their_o fair_a ornament_n and_o of_o their_o most_o splendent_a light_n to_o take_v away_o from_o they_o their_o shadow_n and_o their_o figure_n when_o i_o therefore_o affirm_v that_o man_n only_o do_v hope_n and_o that_o beast_n have_v but_o a_o shadow_n of_o hope_n i_o mean_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o human_a hope_n be_v more_o noble_a and_o more_o elevate_v then_o that_o of_o beast_n and_o that_o in_o comparison_n of_o that_o the_o other_o be_v so_o base_a and_o imperfect_a that_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o hope_n and_o have_v only_o the_o appearance_n and_o figure_n of_o it_o but_o from_o thence_o to_o conclude_v that_o i_o be_v fall_v into_o a_o contradiction_n when_o i_o elsewhere_o say_v that_o they_o do_v hope_n he_o must_v either_o be_v a_o very_a ill_a frenchman_n or_o a_o very_a ill_a logician_n beast_n fear_v the_o evil_a to_o come_v for_o what_o concern_v fear_n there_o be_v no_o great_a difficulty_n as_o m_n c._n say_v there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o it_o the_o one_o in_o effect_n be_v a_o ratiocination_n and_o a_o consideration_n of_o what_o be_v not_o present_a to_o our_o sense_n but_o which_o we_o infer_v aught_o to_o happen_v unto_o we_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o beast_n but_o there_o be_v another_o which_o we_o call_v proper_o fear_v or_o fright_v of_o which_o all_o beast_n be_v capable_a and_o must_v not_o therefore_o know_v what_o be_v to_o come_v for_o we_o be_v fright_v with_o present_a object_n and_o even_o with_o those_o which_o be_v past_a so_o as_o the_o image_n be_v present_a i_o shall_v with_o m.c._n acknowledge_v then_o two_o sort_n of_o fear_n and_o i_o hope_v elsewhere_o to_o speak_v more_o full_o of_o they_o then_o i_o can_v do_v here_o but_o i_o do_v not_o mean_a to_o distinguish_v they_o as_o he_o do_v and_o to_o exclude_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o future_a from_o none_o of_o they_o because_o it_o be_v to_o destroy_v they_o and_o confound_v several_a passion_n in_o one_o in_o effect_n be_v the_o evil_a present_a there_o will_v be_v no_o fear_n it_o will_v be_v grief_n consternation_n or_o such_o like_a and_o m._n c._n of_o necessity_n must_v take_v frightfulness_n for_o a_o kind_n or_o species_n of_o fear_n which_o it_o participate_v to_o all_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o gender_n now_o fear_v in_o general_n suppose_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o evil_a to_o come_v as_o all_o our_o master_n and_o all_o our_o book_n teach_v we_o and_o consequent_o
that_o they_o be_v serviceable_a to_o knowledge_n they_o have_v reason_n to_o doubt_v of_o all_o the_o surplusage_n which_o concern_v they_o i_o will_v fain_o ask_v m._n c._n how_o he_o conceive_v that_o motion_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o image_n which_o be_v preserve_v thereof_o in_o the_o memory_n and_o how_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v fix_v and_o permanent_a can_v express_v another_o which_o have_v nothing_o that_o be_v stable_a and_o be_v in_o a_o continual_a flux_n for_o my_o part_n i_o find_v it_o as_o difficult_a to_o comprehend_v how_o time_n may_v be_v represent_v by_o any_o image_n and_o if_o m._n c._n grant_v that_o there_o be_v one_o of_o motion_n although_o he_o know_v not_o how_o it_o may_v be_v represent_v he_o know_v not_o why_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v none_o of_o time_n because_o according_a to_o his_o opinion_n none_o can_v represent_v it_o for_o there_o be_v a_o equal_a reason_n either_o to_o receive_v they_o for_o the_o one_o and_o for_o the_o other_o on_o what_o we_o experiment_n that_o the_o imagination_n know_v they_o both_o or_o to_o refuse_v they_o on_o this_o that_o we_o know_v not_o how_o to_o represent_v they_o but_o we_o be_v more_o near_o to_o examine_v m._n c._n reason_n otherwise_o he_o will_v believe_v we_o mean_v to_o baffle_v he_o with_o these_o subtlety_n and_o according_a to_o his_o custom_n he_o may_v brag_v we_o have_v not_o answer_v they_o what_o cause_n soever_o we_o have_v not_o to_o stop_v there_o for_o the_o reason_n we_o have_v already_o give_v the_o imagination_n may_v know_v the_o time_n past_a m_o c_n first_o reason_n be_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v the_o absent_a ill_a without_o discern_v that_o it_o be_v absent_a because_o absence_n have_v no_o image_n no_o more_o than_o other_o privation_n and_o so_o the_o memory_n be_v unable_a to_o represent_v they_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v a_o material_a faculty_n can_v know_v it_o there_o be_v several_a way_n to_o answer_v this_o objection_n first_o m._n c_o confoud_v here_o the_o past_a ill_a with_o the_o absent_a ill_n although_o they_o be_v two_o different_a thing_n see_v there_o be_v absent_a ill_n which_o be_v not_o past_a and_o if_o we_o apply_v these_o word_n to_o time_n as_o m.c._n do_v it_o be_v still_o certain_a that_o to_o be_v absent_a make_v not_o the_o difference_n essential_a of_o the_o time_n past_a because_o the_o absence_n be_v a_o privation_n which_o can_v enter_v into_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o real_a thing_n such_o as_o time_n be_v and_o therefore_o the_o time_n past_a be_v not_o past_a in_o that_o it_o be_v absent_a but_o its_o absent_a for_o that_o its_o past_a whence_o you_o may_v judge_v that_o the_o absence_n be_v but_o a_o accident_n which_o happen_v to_o time_n and_o that_o consequent_o the_o imagination_n may_v know_v the_o time_n past_a without_o know_v it_o to_o be_v absent_a since_o the_o time_n past_a be_v to_o be_v know_v by_o its_o true_a difference_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v real_a and_o not_o privative_a but_o it_o may_v be_v demand_v what_o the_o difference_n be_v which_o may_v come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n certain_o if_o time_n be_v the_o successive_a durance_n of_o motion_n or_o to_o observe_v the_o term_n of_o the_o school_n if_o it_o be_v the_o number_n and_o distinction_n of_o the_o part_n of_o motion_n as_o that_o some_o flow_v before_o and_o other_o afterward_o its_o certain_a that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o part_n of_o motion_n which_o flow_v first_o make_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o time_n past_a now_o there_o be_v nothing_o herein_o which_o the_o imagination_n may_v not_o know_v for_o the_o distinction_n and_o the_o effective_a number_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v sensible_a may_v be_v know_v by_o the_o sense_n so_o the_o sense_n may_v know_v three_o man_n three_o horse_n because_o man_n and_o horse_n be_v sensible_a thing_n if_o it_o be_v therefore_o true_a that_o motion_n be_v sensible_a as_o m._n c._n avow_v the_o number_n of_o motion_n ought_v to_o be_v so_o too_o and_o if_o the_o sense_n can_v know_v the_o motion_n without_o know_v the_o precedent_a part_n because_o motion_n speak_v succession_n and_o who_o speak_v succession_n suppose_v something_o which_o precede_v of_o necessity_n the_o sense_n must_v know_v the_o part_n which_o have_v fly_v and_o must_v therefore_o know_v the_o number_n of_o the_o part_n of_o motion_n which_o do_v flow_v before_o the_o rest_n now_o this_o be_v to_o know_v the_o time_n past_a without_o doubt_n m.c._n do_v not_o consider_v the_o wrong_n he_o do_v his_o own_o cause_n when_o the_o truth_n force_v he_o to_o confess_v that_o sense_n know_v motion_n neither_o do_v he_o foresee_v the_o reason_n and_o the_o consequence_n which_o we_o have_v now_o draw_v from_o thence_o but_o to_o give_v he_o satisfaction_n in_o some_o other_o thing_n i_o shall_v grant_v he_o that_o absence_n be_v a_o privation_n and_o a_o negation_n of_o a_o be_v so_o as_o he_o will_v remember_v the_o distinction_n we_o produce_v pag._n 72._o where_o we_o say_v there_o be_v direct_v and_o oblique_a negation_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o may_v both_o be_v satisfy_v he_o to_o find_v the_o proposition_n which_o he_o have_v produce_v to_o be_v true_a for_o direct_v negation_n which_o can_v be_v know_v by_o the_o imagination_n and_o i_o to_o have_v show_v that_o oblique_a negation_n may_v at_o least_o by_o accident_n be_v thereby_o know_v thus_o we_o may_v together_o judge_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v not_o the_o absence_n and_o the_o privation_n which_o happen_v to_o time_n past_a but_o it_o know_v the_o time_n pass_v deprive_v of_o the_o absent_a thing_n to_o wit_n of_o the_o time_n present_a and_o that_o by_o separate_v the_o image_n of_o the_o present_a with_o that_o of_o the_o time_n which_o be_v run_v away_o it_o by_o accident_n know_v that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o this_o separation_n that_o the_o time_n past_a be_v distinct_a and_o separate_a from_o the_o present_a and_o that_o consequent_o it_o be_v not_o present_a that_o in_o fine_a it_o form_v a_o image_n of_o that_o oblique_a absence_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o separation_n be_v a_o modification_n of_o the_o image_n and_o that_o this_o modification_n pass_v for_o a_o image_n since_o it_o represent_v the_o thing_n separate_v as_o we_o have_v more_o ample_o show_v in_o the_o 73_o and_o 74_o page_n m._n c's_o second_o be_v that_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n as_o abstract_v or_o join_v with_o the_o thing_n have_v no_o material_a image_n which_o can_v represent_v they_o to_o the_o imagination_n and_o that_o as_o a_o man_n can_v never_o say_v that_o the_o eye_n see_v a_o soul_n although_o join_v with_o the_o body_n because_o the_o soul_n have_v no_o image_n to_o join_v with_o that_o of_o the_o body_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n all_o this_o discourse_n be_v but_o a_o paralogism_n which_o suppose_v what_o be_v in_o question_n and_o compare_v thing_n which_o be_v of_o several_a gender_n and_o have_v nothing_o common_a among_o they_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n be_v sensible_a since_o motion_n be_v sensible_a and_o that_o the_o number_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v sensible_a be_v also_o sensible_a now_o the_o number_n of_o motion_n make_v the_o difference_n of_o time_n and_o therefore_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n be_v sensible_a and_o consequent_o they_o have_v material_a image_n since_o they_o can_v be_v sensible_a without_o have_v some_o kind_n of_o image_n so_o that_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v not_o sensible_a ought_v not_o nor_o can_v be_v compare_v with_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n which_o be_v sensible_a and_o m._n c._n can_v thereupon_o conclude_v nothing_o the_o imagination_n may_v know_v the_o time_n to_o come_v the_o three_o be_v particular_a for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v for_o it_o import_v that_o if_o the_o imagination_n know_v not_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n but_o when_o then_o be_v conjunctive_a with_o the_o thing_n its_o impossible_a it_o shall_v know_v the_o time_n to_o come_v since_o it_o can_v know_v with_o what_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o be_v conjoin_v for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v present_a and_o if_o it_o be_v present_a the_o time_n to_o be_v conjoin_v to_o it_o must_v also_o be_v present_a be_v not_o therefore_o present_a it_o can_v furnish_v no_o image_n neither_o to_o the_o memory_n nor_o to_o the_o imagination_n observe_v this_o for_o another_o paralogism_n which_o be_v ground_v on_o the_o word_n thing_n which_o m._n c._n understand_v of_o the_o material_a &_o exterior_a object_n instead_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o formal_a object_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o the_o image_n or_o of_o the_o thing_n represent_v for_o when_o we_o say_v we_o know_v the_o difference_n of_o time_n conjoin_v
we_o may_v say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o body_n which_o have_v not_o place_v time_n among_o sensible_a object_n although_o no_o body_n have_v place_v it_o for_o a_o gender_n among_o sensible_a object_n as_o for_o the_o second_o aristotle_n need_v not_o to_o convince_v those_o by_o sense_n who_o deny_v the_o existence_n of_o the_o time_n present_a since_o he_o believe_v it_o no_o more_o than_o they_o do_v and_o it_o be_v from_o he_o that_o we_o have_v learn_v that_o in_o time_n there_o be_v nothing_o present_a but_o a_o indivisible_a moment_n which_o be_v not_o true_o time_n for_o as_o for_o the_o past_a time_n and_o the_o time_n to_o come_v there_o never_o be_v any_o philosopher_n which_o have_v not_o acknowledge_v they_o and_o there_o be_v therefore_o no_o need_n to_o convince_v they_o by_o the_o sense_n of_o a_o truth_n on_o which_o they_o be_v all_o agree_v and_o although_o aristotle_n propose_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o discourse_n he_o make_v reason_n to_o prove_v that_o time_n be_v nothing_o yet_o be_v they_o not_o so_o to_o be_v take_v for_o proof_n whereon_o some_o have_v ground_v their_o beleif_n but_o for_o doubt_n which_o be_v usual_o make_v before_o the_o truth_n of_o thing_n be_v establish_v as_o his_o own_o proper_a term_n witness_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d after_o all_o have_v there_o be_v man_n extravagant_a enough_o to_o have_v have_v that_o thought_n and_o that_o this_o great_a man_n have_v not_o by_o sense_n convince_v they_o it_o will_v not_o follow_v that_o time_n be_v not_o sensible_a and_o m._n c._n who_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o law_n of_o logic_n know_v well_o that_o these_o kind_n of_o consequence_n be_v not_o receiveable_a that_o the_o imagination_n have_v image_n of_o which_o the_o sense_n give_v it_o no_o knowledge_n we_o must_v here_o forget_v a_o four_o reason_n produce_v by_o m.c._n against_o the_o time_n past_a although_o he_o have_v unloose_v it_o from_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o precedent_n he_o than_o say_v page_z 154._o that_o the_o sensitive_a memory_n have_v no_o image_n but_o those_o which_o it_o have_v receive_v by_o the_o sense_n when_o the_o object_n be_v present_a so_o that_o never_o have_v have_v any_o of_o the_o time_n when_o it_o be_v present_a it_o can_v get_v those_o of_o the_o future_a it_o be_v pity_v this_o reason_n shall_v not_o be_v good_a have_v so_o fair_a a_o appearance_n but_o by_o mischance_n it_o happen_v that_o all_o its_o proposition_n be_v false_a for_o for_o the_o first_o animal_n may_v remember_v dream_n and_o chimera_n which_o they_o form_v in_o their_o sleep_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o object_n and_o as_o they_o be_v different_a from_o the_o thing_n which_o the_o sense_n have_v represent_v unto_o they_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o memory_n wherein_o they_o preserve_v themselves_o have_v other_o image_n than_o those_o which_o it_o do_v receive_v by_o the_o sense_n when_o the_o object_n be_v present_a on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o modification_n of_o image_n which_o depend_v from_o the_o action_n of_o the_o imagination_n such_o as_o be_v union_n separation_n and_o the_o like_a be_v not_o furnish_v for_o the_o exterior_a sense_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o they_o form_v themselves_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o exterior_a object_n and_o afterward_o preserve_v themselves_o in_o the_o memory_n in_o fine_a beast_n remember_v whether_o thing_n be_v good_a or_o evil_n friend_n or_o foe_n although_o the_o sense_n have_v not_o furnish_v they_o with_o the_o knowledge_n hereof_o nor_o by_o consequence_n with_o the_o image_n by_o mean_n of_o which_o they_o shall_v know_v they_o and_o remember_v themselves_o to_o rectify_v therefore_o m._n c's_o proposition_n we_o must_v say_v that_o the_o memory_n have_v no_o image_n but_o those_o it_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o sense_n or_o from_o the_o imagination_n which_o may_v form_v they_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o object_n the_o sense_n contribute_v nothing_o thereunto_o but_o in_o this_o case_n his_o second_o proposition_n be_v absolute_o false_a and_o quite_o useless_a to_o our_o design_n for_o the_o memory_n may_v receive_v the_o image_n of_o the_o present_a time_n which_o the_o imagination_n may_v have_v form_v although_o even_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o sense_n know_v this_o difference_n of_o time_n thus_o the_o memory_n may_v have_v a_o image_n of_o the_o time_n past_a since_o the_o imagination_n furnish_v it_o with_o that_o of_o the_o present_a without_o doubt_n he_o will_v tell_v i_o that_o memory_n be_v only_o for_o past_a thing_n and_o therefore_o that_o the_o present_a have_v no_o place_n in_o it_o otherwise_o it_o must_v at_o once_o be_v present_a and_o past_a but_o there_o be_v no_o inconvenience_n therein_o since_o it_o be_v pass_v as_o to_o the_o exterior_a object_n and_o that_o it_o be_v present_a as_o to_o the_o representation_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o image_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o the_o imagination_n have_v know_v present_a enter_n into_o the_o memory_n with_o that_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o this_o now_o represent_v they_o as_o present_v although_o in_o effect_n they_o be_v pass_v and_o the_o soul_n must_v afterward_o add_v the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o time_n past_a to_o remember_v itself_o that_o they_o be_v pass_v byr_o we_o have_v sufficient_o clear_v these_o difficulty_n in_o our_o precedent_a discourse_n how_o the_o knowledge_n of_o time_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o understanding_n there_o remain_v therefore_o nothing_o but_o the_o take_n away_o of_o one_o scruple_n which_o he_o have_v on_o what_o be_v say_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o time_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o subtle_a and_o most_o difficult_a that_o our_o soul_n be_v capable_a of_o and_o which_o for_o that_o cause_n it_o be_v always_o reserve_v to_o the_o understanding_n this_o ought_v not_o to_o stop_v he_o quite_o since_o he_o well_o know_v that_o the_o understanding_n subtilise_v on_o all_o the_o most_o sensible_a thing_n and_o that_o it_o consider_v they_o otherwise_o then_o the_o imagination_n can_v the_o entire_a and_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o time_n comprehend_v many_o difficulty_n which_o can_v be_v decide_v but_o by_o it_o and_o after_o have_v learn_v of_o the_o sense_n that_o time_n be_v somewhat_o it_o be_v the_o only_a one_o that_o can_v explicate_v what_o it_o be_v and_o how_o far_o it_o can_v know_v it_o for_o you_o be_v not_o to_o imagine_v when_o we_o say_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v the_o time_n to_o come_v that_o it_o know_v the_o future_a through_o all_o its_o extent_n nor_o all_o kind_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o come_v this_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v but_o of_o those_o which_o the_o present_a object_n bring_v back_o to_o the_o memory_n and_o which_o she_o figure_v to_o herself_o ought_v quick_o to_o arrive_v as_o we_o may_v judge_v by_o the_o passion_n in_o which_o animal_n have_v need_n of_o this_o knowledge_n so_o when_o we_o assure_v that_o time_n be_v sensible_a we_o undertake_v not_o once_o the_o office_n or_o function_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o to_o give_v to_o the_o sense_n this_o small_a knowledge_n we_o diminish_v neither_o the_o greatness_n nor_o the_o elevation_n it_o afford_v its_o own_o which_o we_o confess_v with_o m._n c._n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o subtle_a and_o most_o difficult_a of_o which_o it_o be_v capable_a after_o this_o m.c._n conclude_v p._n 154._o that_o sense_n sufficient_o know_v the_o motion_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o present_a time_n but_o it_o know_v not_o the_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v make_v otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v a_o sensible_a knowledge_n which_o can_v not_o be_v make_v by_o the_o entermixion_n of_o image_n 2._o that_o the_o image_n of_o what_o be_v pass_v be_v true_o preserve_v in_o the_o memory_n but_o that_o that_o represent_v not_o that_o it_o be_v no_o more_o because_o they_o can_v represent_v a_o negation_n of_o be_v that_o in_o fine_a its_o a_o certain_a mark_n that_o the_o imagination_n take_v no_o consideration_n of_o the_o time_n for_o that_o the_o image_n of_o a_o past_a ill_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n upon_o it_o as_o if_o it_o be_v present_a although_o all_o this_o discourse_n be_v but_o a_o repetition_n of_o the_o reason_n which_o m._n c._n have_v here_o before_o propose_v and_o that_o we_o have_v already_o full_o answer_v they_o yet_o because_o he_o have_v often_o take_v my_o silence_n for_o a_o conviction_n and_o that_o he_o have_v believe_v in_o several_a place_n wherein_o i_o will_v not_o amuse_v myself_o for_o that_o they_o do_v not_o deserve_v a_o answer_n he_o have_v reduce_v i_o to_o a_o inability_n of_o answer_v he_o i_o must_v not_o stay_v here_o without_o a_o reply_n and_o i_o ought_v at_o least_o to_o make_v he_o remember_v case_n already_o judge_v for_o we_o have_v show_v 1._o that_o the_o imagination_n may_v form_v image_n
which_o the_o exterior_a sense_n can_v not_o furnish_v it_o withal_o that_o the_o knowledge_n which_o follow_v those_o image_n be_v sensible_a since_o it_o proceed_v from_o a_o sensitive_a faculty_n and_o therefore_o that_o there_o be_v no_o inconvenience_n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o sensible_a knowledge_n which_o need_v not_o be_v from_o the_o intermission_n of_o species_n from_o without_o 2._o that_o the_o imagination_n may_v represent_v to_o itself_o oblique_a negation_n and_o that_o that_o be_v sufficient_a to_o know_v that_o the_o object_n be_v no_o more_o 3._o that_o all_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n be_v sensible_a and_o that_o even_o the_o present_n be_v so_o at_o least_o by_o accident_n whether_o this_o knowledge_n be_v proper_a to_o the_o internal_a sense_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v make_v by_o the_o exterior_a sense_n in_o fine_a that_o the_o image_n of_o several_a difference_n of_o time_n may_v be_v preserve_v together_o in_o the_o memory_n and_o that_o the_o imagination_n may_v consider_v they_o the_o one_o after_o the_o other_o that_o thus_o the_o past_a ill_n may_v be_v consider_v as_o present_v or_o as_o future_a and_o that_o where_o it_o cause_v the_o same_o effect_n it_o have_v cause_v be_v present_a or_o to_o come_v it_o be_v no_o long_o as_o pass_v but_o as_o present_v or_o as_o to_o come_v have_v take_v away_o all_o these_o difficulty_n which_o stop_v m.c._n touch_v the_o knowledge_n which_o the_o imagination_n have_v of_o thing_n present_a and_o to_o come_v its_o seem_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o which_o can_v be_v oppose_v to_o the_o reason_n we_o have_v deduce_v from_o the_o custom_n and_o instruction_n which_o we_o give_v to_o beast_n for_o since_o present_a threat_n make_v they_o remember_v the_o blow_n they_o receive_v with_o their_o first_o lesson_n and_o that_o the_o remembrance_n of_o those_o blow_n which_o be_v pass_v make_v they_o fear_v those_o to_o come_v the_o imagination_n must_v needs_o unite_v the_o image_n of_o the_o threat_n with_o that_o of_o the_o blow_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v and_o in_o pursuit_n that_o they_o join_v the_o image_n of_o those_o blow_n with_o those_o other_o which_o they_o apprehend_v and_o true_o i_o expect_v from_o m._n c._n ingenuity_n that_o after_o have_v mature_o consider_v all_o these_o thing_n he_o will_v find_v some_o confusion_n in_o his_o mind_n for_o have_v so_o light_o condemn_v i_o of_o error_n and_o artifice_n in_o the_o most_o part_n of_o my_o reason_n for_o he_o say_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o examen_fw-la which_o he_o make_v of_o the_o precedent_n that_o there_o be_v not_o in_o it_o the_o least_o appearance_n of_o truth_n and_o that_o whereas_o i_o do_v in_o some_o other_o reason_v insinuate_a error_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o some_o truth_n herein_o i_o have_v not_o use_v that_o artifice_n but_o fight_v only_o with_o argument_n in_o which_o there_o be_v not_o one_o true_a proposition_n to_o be_v find_v what!_o be_v it_o not_o true_a then_o that_o beast_n remember_v the_o good_a and_o evil_n that_o be_v past_a be_v it_o not_o true_a that_o they_o desire_v and_o that_o they_o fear_v those_o which_o be_v to_o come_v be_v it_o not_o true_a that_o the_o presence_n of_o certain_a object_n have_v replace_v in_o their_o memory_n those_o which_o they_o have_v former_o receive_v make_v they_o afterward_o fear_v the_o like_a what_o will_v it_o be_v think_v to_o conclude_v ill_a that_o since_o they_o do_v all_o these_o thing_n their_o imagination_n must_v go_v from_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o that_o it_o must_v unite_v image_n and_o that_o it_o must_v form_v as_o many_o proposition_n as_o it_o make_v union_n for_o my_o part_n i_o must_v clear_o confess_v to_o m._n c._n that_o if_o those_o who_o shall_v be_v judge_n of_o our_o difference_n can_v be_v of_o his_o opinion_n i_o will_v set_v myself_o to_o write_v as_o false_a against_o philosophy_n against_o reason_n and_o against_o sense_n and_o i_o will_v abandon_v they_o all_o as_o deceiver_n which_o have_v abuse_v we_o and_o that_o instead_o of_o serve_v we_o as_o instrument_n for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o truth_n they_o corrupt_v it_o and_o hide_v it_o from_o we_o but_o without_o run_v to_o these_o extremity_n into_o which_o there_o be_v no_o likelihood_n i_o shall_v ever_o fall_v m.c._n be_v to_o be_v excuse_v of_o the_o ill_a opinion_n which_o he_o conceive_v against_o my_o first_o work_n i_o will_v indeed_o deal_v more_o civil_o with_o he_o than_o he_o have_v do_v with_o i_o and_o that_o i_o may_v not_o altogether_o condemn_v he_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o he_o may_v have_v find_v in_o my_o discourse_n such_o defect_n as_o may_v have_v engage_v he_o to_o that_o sense_n i_o have_v oblige_v myself_o to_o render_v they_o the_o short_a i_o can_v possible_o there_o be_v many_o place_n wherein_o i_o suppose_v certain_a knowledge_n which_o must_v be_v have_v from_o elsewhere_o or_o my_o ratiocination_n will_v be_v must_v straighten_v and_o in_o which_o i_o do_v but_o cast_v the_o seed_n of_o a_o great_a many_o induction_n which_o may_v be_v draw_v from_o they_o and_o without_o doubt_n that_o briefness_n do_v hide_v from_o m._n c_n eye_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o evidence_n and_o force_n of_o my_o reason_n and_o have_v make_v truth_n appear_v unto_o he_o as_o error_n and_o order_n as_o the_o subtlety_n of_o a_o sophist_n but_o i_o ought_v also_o to_o believe_v that_o after_o have_v correct_v myself_o for_o those_o defect_n and_o have_v take_v away_o all_o those_o obscurity_n which_o he_o meet_v withal_o by_o long_a explication_n he_o will_v no_o long_o account_n as_o they_o say_v truth_n for_o injustice_n but_o will_v ingenious_o confess_v that_o he_o have_v maintain_v a_o ill_a cause_n at_o least_o that_o i_o have_v not_o ill_o defend_v i_o and_o that_o my_o proposition_n be_v not_o so_o erroneous_a nor_o extravagant_a as_o he_o fancy_v they_o to_o wit_n whether_o without_o ratiocination_n the_o image_n of_o the_o memory_n move_v the_o imagination_n as_o if_o the_o object_n be_v present_a to_o continue_v therefore_o the_o design_n i_o have_v begin_v i_o shall_v advertise_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o abuse_v himself_o with_o the_o experience_n he_o here_o produce_v since_o they_o be_v neither_o for_o he_o nor_o against_o he_o in_o effect_n when_o he_o say_v that_o by_o they_o he_o will_v prove_v that_o without_o reason_v the_o image_n of_o the_o memory_n move_v the_o imagination_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o if_o the_o object_n be_v present_a what_o can_v he_o thence_o conclude_v to_o my_o prejudice_n shall_v i_o grant_v all_o those_o experience_n they_o be_v but_o particular_a fact_n which_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v other_o wherein_o the_o imagination_n confer_v the_o present_a with_o the_o past_a and_o from_o thence_o draw_v consequence_n for_o the_o future_a beside_o that_o its_o easy_a to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o in_o most_o part_n of_o those_o he_o produce_v the_o imagination_n make_v the_o same_o progress_n for_o when_o a_o child_n cry_v see_v a_o object_n like_a to_o that_o which_o former_o have_v hurt_v it_o it_o be_v fear_v doubtless_o which_o make_v he_o cry_v now_o this_o passion_n suppose_v a_o evil_a to_o come_v and_o therefore_o the_o present_a object_n make_v that_o child_n remember_v the_o evil_a it_o suffer_v and_o afterward_o cause_v it_o to_o fear_v the_o like_a and_o when_o it_o rejoice_v at_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o nurse_n breast_n if_o it_o be_v from_o the_o desire_n and_o hope_n of_o suck_v his_o imagination_n do_v the_o self_n same_o thing_n if_o there_o be_v only_o the_o remembrance_n of_o the_o past_a pleasure_n which_o rejoice_v it_o it_o be_v a_o fact_n no_o more_o like_o we_o since_o it_o respect_v but_o the_o present_a and_o the_o past_a and_o that_o in_o instruction_n the_o mind_n consider_v not_o only_o present_a and_o past_a object_n but_o even_o those_o which_o be_v to_o come_v it_o be_v even_o so_o when_o the_o remembrance_n of_o a_o good_a tale_n make_v we_o laugh_v or_o when_o the_o encounter_n of_o a_o person_n who_o have_v do_v we_o ill_o give_v we_o a_o sense_n of_o aversion_n because_o therein_o there_o be_v no_o express_a consideration_n of_o the_o future_a yet_o let_v not_o m.c._n for_o this_o imagine_v that_o i_o believe_v the_o imagination_n reason_n not_o in_o these_o passion_n although_o it_o confer_v not_o the_o past_a with_o the_o future_a it_o have_v other_o mean_n then_o that_o to_o reason_n and_o if_o he_o will_v well_o consider_v the_o last_o of_o my_o reason_n which_o after_o this_o i_o shall_v explicate_v he_o will_v see_v that_o the_o appetite_n be_v never_o move_v but_o in_o pursuit_n of_o some_o ratiocination_n as_o for_o the_o example_n of_o cassander_n who_o without_o shake_v can_v not_o look_v upon_o the_o
or_o a_o custom_n he_o have_v need_n of_o memory_n but_o only_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o he_o to_o acquire_v it_o and_o for_o that_o cause_n that_o animal_n can_v acustom_v themselves_o to_o whatsoever_o it_o be_v without_o the_o help_n of_o reason_n and_o of_o memory_n although_o it_o may_v be_v that_o they_o may_v afterward_o without_o it_o do_v those_o thing_n which_o they_o accustom_v themselves_o unto_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o i_o do_v not_o cease_v to_o believe_v but_o that_o all_o true_a habit_n have_v need_n of_o memory_n and_o that_o who_o ever_o shall_v lose_v it_o will_v also_o lose_v the_o use_n of_o all_o other_o habit_n he_o have_v acquire_v how_o perfect_a soever_o they_o be_v but_o since_o i_o do_v not_o explicate_v myself_o thereupon_o why_o will_v m._n c._n divine_a my_o thought_n and_o find_v inconvenience_n in_o thing_n which_o i_o never_o yet_o say_v yet_o do_v i_o not_o insist_v hereupon_o since_o he_o at_o last_o remit_v himself_o to_o reason_n and_o confess_v pag_n 159_o that_o this_o faculty_n be_v necessary_a for_o several_a action_n which_o beast_n perform_v and_o the_o good_a and_o ill_a which_o happen_v to_o they_o remain_v in_o their_o memory_n and_o afterward_o oblige_v they_o to_o reject_v the_o same_o action_n for_o although_o he_o deny_v that_o it_o be_v on_o the_o hope_n or_o fear_n that_o the_o same_o good_a or_o the_o same_o ill_n may_v happen_v unto_o they_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o after_o he_o have_v see_v the_o reason_n which_o we_o have_v use_v to_o maintain_v this_o truth_n he_o will_v present_o yield_v up_o the_o cudgel_n for_o my_o part_n i_o find_v the_o proceed_n therein_o hold_v very_o equitable_a and_o i_o very_o much_o approve_v the_o prudence_n he_o have_v to_o expect_v till_o i_o have_v evident_o make_v he_o see_v that_o beast_n fear_v and_o hope_n and_o that_o they_o confer_v the_o time_n pass_v with_o the_o future_a before_o he_o oblige_v himself_o to_o believe_v it_o i_o even_o maintain_v that_o in_o the_o quality_n which_o he_o here_o take_v of_o a_o defender_n he_o may_v in_o conscience_n say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o ratiocination_n therein_o without_o be_v oblige_v to_o produce_v reason_n to_o the_o contrary_n and_o that_o if_o he_o do_v so_o it_o be_v as_o he_o say_v superabundance_n of_o right_n and_o out_o of_o pure_a zeal_n which_o he_o have_v for_o the_o truth_n but_o also_o this_o same_o prudence_n and_o this_o same_o zeal_n engage_v he_o to_o change_v his_o opinion_n now_o he_o have_v wherewithal_o to_o satisfy_v his_o doubt_n and_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v obscure_a unto_o he_o now_o present_v themselves_o clear_a and_o evident_a it_o be_v a_o advice_n which_o i_o give_v he_o for_o his_o own_o sake_n for_o he_o may_v well_o think_v that_o it_o concern_v not_o i_o and_o that_o what_o part_n soever_o he_o take_v my_o cause_n will_v neither_o be_v better_a nor_o worse_o to_o wit_n whether_o one_o may_v accustom_v one_o self_n to_o some_o thing_n without_o reason_v let_v we_o examine_v the_o other_o point_n where_o by_o new_a example_n he_o will_v show_v that_o we_o accustom_v ourselves_o to_o several_a thing_n whereto_o reason_n be_v nothing_o serviceable_a for_o it_o be_v here_o that_o he_o triumph_v and_o flatter_v himself_o with_o the_o advantage_n he_o think_v he_o have_v over_o i_o for_o that_o i_o have_v not_o answer_v to_o those_o he_o have_v former_o propose_v on_o the_o same_o subject_n i_o confess_v i_o do_v not_o answer_v to_o they_o because_o i_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v do_v it_o and_o m._n c._n wrong_v himself_o to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o since_o it_o be_v a_o mark_n wherein_o he_o believe_v the_o decisive_a point_n of_o the_o question_n we_o have_v in_o hand_n be_v without_o perceive_v that_o it_o be_v therein_o altogether_o useless_a nay_o i_o shall_v repeat_v it_o again_o i_o pretend_v to_o speak_v only_o of_o custom_n and_o habit_n in_o which_o he_o himself_o say_v that_o memory_n be_v necessary_a and_o it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o i_o if_o animal_n have_v some_o one_o of_o that_o nature_n to_o conclude_v that_o they_o can_v not_o have_v acquire_v they_o without_o reason_v since_o they_o must_v have_v confer_v the_o present_a object_n with_o those_o which_o be_v past_a and_o those_o which_o be_v to_o come_v as_o we_o have_v say_v so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v other_o in_o which_o this_o progress_n be_v not_o make_v in_o good_a time_n be_v it_o as_o i_o hinder_v he_o not_o so_o it_o also_o hinder_v not_o my_o consequence_n from_o be_v good_a and_o true_a but_o what_o all_o these_o few_o observation_n he_o have_v make_v must_v they_o lie_v on_o his_o hand_n without_o his_o draw_v any_o advantage_n from_o they_o no_o indeed_o how_o slight_a soever_o they_o be_v we_o must_v disburden_v he_o of_o they_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n show_v he_o for_o what_o they_o may_v be_v good_a which_o i_o will_v not_o do_v as_o he_o do_v out_o of_o superabundance_n of_o right_n since_o it_o matter_n nothing_o to_o our_o question_n but_o out_o of_o the_o only_a desire_n which_o i_o have_v to_o make_v he_o know_v the_o truth_n but_o we_o must_v first_o bring_v they_o to_o light_v that_o the_o reader_n may_v know_v what_o we_o be_v upon_o and_o that_o he_o may_v give_v judgement_n from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n the_o first_o be_v of_o child_n who_o accustom_v themselves_o to_o several_a thing_n before_o they_o have_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n the_o second_o be_v from_o the_o stomach_n which_o accustom_n itself_o to_o certain_a mean_n and_o which_o regulate_v its_o hunger_n at_o certain_a hour_n the_o three_o be_v of_o the_o liver_n which_o accustom_n itself_o to_o make_v the_o more_o blood_n the_o often_o we_o be_v let_v blood_n the_o four_o be_v of_o the_o fluxious_a which_o accustom_v themselves_o to_o fall_v on_o certain_a part_n the_o five_o be_v of_o the_o external_a sense_n which_o acquire_v habit_n some_o person_n have_v be_v find_v who_o have_v accustom_v themselves_o to_o the_o taste_n of_o woormwood_n and_o to_o the_o smell_n of_o stink_a thing_n etc._n etc._n the_o six_o be_v from_o the_o common_a sense_n which_o take_v a_o custom_n of_o sleep_v and_o wake_v at_o regulate_v hour_n the_o seven_o the_o eight_o and_o the_o nine_o be_v from_o the_o memory_n from_o the_o appetite_n and_o from_o the_o motive_n virtue_n which_o acquire_v habit_n from_o all_o this_o he_o conclude_v that_o it_o not_o necessary_a to_o accustom_v one_o self_n to_o any_o thing_n to_o make_v use_n of_o reason_n since_o there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o these_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v propose_v which_o be_v reasonable_a nor_o any_o of_o their_o effect_n wherein_o reason_n appear_v first_o when_o he_o say_v that_o reason_n herein_o be_v not_o necessary_a he_o intend_v intellectual_a reason_n since_o he_o acknowledge_v none_o other_o and_o in_o that_o sense_n i_o grant_v he_o all_o what_o he_o say_v but_o our_o difference_n be_v not_o therein_o it_o consist_v to_o know_v whether_o the_o imagination_n reason_n not_o in_o these_o encounter_n in_o the_o second_o place_n he_o employ_v the_o word_n custom_n without_o observe_v the_o several_a signification_n it_o have_v and_o indifferent_o apply_v it_o to_o several_a thing_n without_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o one_o and_o improper_o to_o other_o which_o yet_o be_v necessary_a to_o induce_v what_o he_o pretend_v for_o i_o have_v reason_n to_o retort_v all_o his_o example_n in_o which_o this_o word_n have_v not_o its_o true_a and_o proper_a signification_n m_o c._n shall_v have_v remember_v that_o custom_n and_o habit_n be_v active_a disposition_n and_o can_v be_v proper_o apply_v to_o passives_n wherefore_o when_o they_o say_v that_o a_o man_n accustom_n himself_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a that_o the_o stomach_n accustom_n itself_o to_o certain_a meat_n that_o some_o have_v accustom_v themselves_o to_o find_v the_o taste_n of_o woormwood_n pleasant_a etc._n etc._n this_o word_n have_v not_o therein_o its_o natural_a signification_n because_o that_o in_o all_o these_o kind_n of_o speak_v we_o mean_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o we_o accustom_v ourselves_o to_o suffer_v those_o object_n and_o that_o the_o facility_n we_o find_v therein_o be_v a_o pure_a material_a and_o passive_a disposition_n which_o the_o use_n of_o these_o thing_n have_v leave_v in_o the_o organ_n in_o effect_n we_o accustom_v ourselves_o to_o heat_n because_o the_o impression_n of_o heat_n remain_v in_o the_o part_n and_o make_v that_o what_o come_v afterward_o operate_v not_o so_o powerful_o on_o the_o body_n which_o be_v already_o imbue_v with_o that_o quality_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o odour_n favour_n and_o other_o sensible_a object_n which_o by_o mean_n of_o strike_v the_o sense_n leave_v a_o certain_a character_n in_o
they_o which_o render_v the_o organ_n most_o like_a the_o object_n and_o the_o object_n more_o familiar_a to_o the_o organ_n there_o be_v not_o therefore_o therein_o a_o true_a custom_n no_o more_o then_o when_o we_o say_v that_o a_o fluxion_n be_v accustom_v to_o fall_v on_o some_o place_n for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o passive_a disposition_n which_o come_v from_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o part_n which_o can_v resist_v the_o overflowing_n of_o the_o humour_n which_o cast_v themselves_o on_o they_o add_v that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o flux_n which_o accustom_n itself_o for_o that_o which_o be_v fall_v never_o fall_v again_o but_o it_o be_v nature_n which_o common_o discharge_v itself_o on_o the_o weak_a part_n or_o rather_o its_o those_o same_o part_n which_o out_o of_o weakness_n be_v more_o capable_a to_o receive_v those_o superfluity_n wiich_a they_o receive_v from_o elsewhere_o however_o it_o be_v these_o be_v manner_n of_o speak_v which_o be_v good_a for_o the_o people_n and_o not_o for_o philosopher_n and_o beside_o its_o in_o that_o rank_n you_o must_v place_n the_o custom_n which_o the_o liver_n take_v to_o make_v the_o more_o blood_n in_o those_o who_o be_v often_o let_v blood_n for_o the_o liver_n have_v no_o more_o facility_n in_o make_v of_o it_o then_o then_o when_o a_o man_n be_v seldom_o let_v blood_n but_o it_o be_v by_o this_o evacuation_n that_o the_o part_n empty_v themselves_o and_o that_o nature_n labour_v to_o make_v the_o more_o blood_n to_o fill_v they_o in_o fine_a as_o we_o never_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o true_a custom_n or_o any_o habit_n in_o the_o season_n and_o in_o other_o inanimate_a thing_n although_o we_o say_v that_o the_o winter_n be_v accustom_v to_o be_v rainy_a that_o the_o earth_n be_v accustom_v to_o be_v fertile_a in_o such_o place_n etc._n etc._n we_o must_v believe_v that_o when_o we_o use_v these_o kind_n of_o speech_n for_o the_o natural_a action_n of_o the_o body_n it_o be_v figurative_o or_o by_o a_o abuse_n and_o that_o a_o man_n who_o can_v distinguish_v these_o thing_n deserve_v not_o to_o enter_v into_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n nor_o to_o take_v place_n among_o philosopher_n after_o all_o this_o if_o m.c._n will_v opiniaster_v himself_o to_o maintain_v that_o there_o be_v a_o true_a custom_n in_o all_o those_o observation_n which_o he_o produce_v can_v we_o not_o tell_v he_o that_o as_o they_o be_v all_o take_v from_o animal_n they_o leave_v the_o suspicion_n that_o the_o imagination_n concur_v thereunto_o and_o that_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o perform_v without_o the_o ratiocination_n of_o that_o faculty_n certain_o to_o have_v take_v away_o all_o cause_n of_o doubt_n he_o shall_v have_v make_v use_n of_o example_n draw_v from_o insensible_a thing_n as_o stone_n plant_n etc._n etc._n then_o there_o have_v be_v no_o more_o difficulty_n &_o we_o shall_v have_v be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v that_o custom_n need_v not_o the_o help_n of_o the_o memory_n and_o of_o reason_n but_o since_o all_o these_o part_n which_o he_o say_v accustom_v themselves_o to_o certain_a thing_n be_v endue_v with_o sense_n and_o that_o everywhere_o where_o there_o be_v sense_n the_o imagination_n must_v agitate_v be_v we_o not_o to_o believe_v that_o they_o have_v accustom_v themselves_o thereunto_o by_o knowledge_n and_o that_o the_o image_n which_o form_n this_o knowledge_n preserve_v themselves_o in_o the_o memory_n and_o make_v the_o soul_n remember_v the_o first_o action_n that_o it_o may_v afterward_o perform_v the_o like_a whence_o at_o last_o come_v facility_n and_o habit_n no_o let_v not_o m.c._n deceive_v himself_o the_o imagination_n and_o the_o memory_n agitate_v not_o alone_o in_o the_o head_n although_o they_o reside_v there_o as_o in_o their_o throne_n and_o there_o perform_v their_o most_o considerable_a action_n they_o spread_v themselves_o through_o all_o the_o sensible_a part_n and_o perform_v often_o operation_n of_o which_o they_o give_v no_o knowledge_n to_o this_o principal_a organ_n and_o therein_o imitate_v prince_n who_o act_n many_o thing_n in_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o state_n without_o communicate_v aught_o to_o their_o counsel_n it_o be_v thus_o that_o so_o many_o sentiment_n be_v make_v in_o the_o member_n without_o our_o preception_n it_o be_v thus_o that_o the_o memory_n remain_v in_o the_o finger_n of_o a_o luthene_a after_o he_o have_v forget_v all_o his_o piece_n it_o be_v thus_o that_o the_o virtue_n formatrix_fw-la form_v the_o image_n it_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o imagination_n when_o it_o imprint_n those_o wonderful_a mark_n on_o the_o body_n of_o child_n during_o the_o woman_n be_v with_o child_n they_o neither_o know_v nor_o remember_v themselves_o thereof_o but_o we_o reserve_v to_o the_o three_o volume_n of_o our_o character_n which_o we_o be_v about_o to_o publish_v the_o full_a discovery_n of_o this_o truth_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v we_o conclude_v this_o unprofitable_a examen_fw-la of_o m_n c's_o example_n since_o we_o agree_v to_o what_o he_o intend_v to_o prove_v to_o wit_n that_o custom_n may_v be_v acquire_v without_o the_o help_n of_o intellectual_a reason_n and_o that_o its_o very_a likely_a that_o have_v well_o consider_v the_o proof_n we_o have_v produce_v to_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n reason_n he_o will_v also_o agree_v with_o we_o that_o the_o custom_n he_o speak_v of_o can_v never_o be_v acquire_v but_o by_o the_o discourse_n of_o the_o imagination_n chap._n v._o examen_fw-la of_o m._n c._n objection_n against_o our_o last_o proof_n of_o the_o reason_v of_o beast_n the_o last_o proof_n which_o we_o give_v of_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n be_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o their_o appetite_n which_o ought_v to_o precede_v all_o the_o action_n which_o they_o perform_v be_v never_o make_v without_o be_v devance_v by_o three_o proposition_n the_o 1._o that_o the_o thing_n be_v good_a the_o second_o that_o it_o be_v feasible_a the_o three_o that_o it_o must_v be_v do_v and_o that_o these_o proposition_n be_v link_v together_o with_o common_a term_n and_o the_o one_o draw_v its_o evidence_n from_o the_o other_o they_o must_v form_v a_o perfect_a ratiocination_n this_o reason_n which_o we_o employ_v to_o show_v that_o the_o action_n of_o the_o instinct_n be_v all_o make_v with_o ratiocination_n please_v not_o m.c._n first_o in_o that_o i_o suppose_v that_o those_o action_n be_v motion_n of_o the_o appetite_n and_o he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v too_o know_v in_o these_o matter_n and_o too_o hard_o to_o be_v persuade_v to_o believe_v it_o without_o its_o have_v be_v prove_v to_o he_o yet_o for_o compliance_n sake_n he_o will_v grant_v it_o that_o he_o may_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o appetite_n need_v none_o of_o these_o proposition_n for_o my_o part_n i_o will_v not_o have_v he_o lose_v the_o merit_n of_o such_o a_o extraordinary_a civility_n i_o here_o accept_v of_o the_o favour_n he_o do_v i_o at_o least_o until_o we_o come_v to_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o the_o instinct_n for_o i_o then_o hope_v to_o make_v it_o evident_o appear_v not_o that_o these_o action_n be_v motion_n of_o the_o appetite_n have_v never_o propose_v that_o proposition_n but_o that_o they_o be_v precede_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o appetite_n and_o how_o difficult_a soever_o it_o may_v be_v to_o persuade_v i_o be_o sure_a to_o convince_v he_o by_o the_o first_o notion_n of_o philosophy_n or_o to_o reduce_v he_o to_o that_o point_n as_o to_o deny_v they_o and_o to_o fight_v against_o common_a sense_n this_o article_n remain_v then_o in_o suspense_n till_o that_o time_n let_v we_o now_o observe_v what_o he_o oppose_v to_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v sufficient_a say_v he_o if_o the_o object_n he_o know_v by_o the_o first_o operation_n of_o the_o spirit_n to_o move_v the_o appetite_n for_o when_o one_o that_o be_v hunger-starve_v see_v bread_n his_o appetite_n without_o discourse_n be_v carry_v thereunto_o and_o when_o we_o put_v our_o hand_n to_o the_o dish_n our_o imagination_n discourse_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v good_a i_o can_v take_v it_o i_o must_v therefore_o take_v it_o it_o seem_v save_v the_o respect_n which_o i_o owe_v m._n c._n he_o quit_v himself_o not_o well_o of_o his_o promise_n for_o i_o therein_o see_v no_o proof_n which_o make_v i_o know_v that_o the_o appetite_n need_v none_o of_o these_o proposition_n and_o do_v he_o think_v it_o enough_o to_o destroy_v a_o thing_n simple_o to_o contradict_v it_o without_o ground_v it_o on_o any_o reason_n i_o say_v the_o appetite_n have_v need_n of_o proposition_n and_o he_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v enough_o if_o the_o object_n be_v know_v by_o the_o first_o operation_n of_o the_o spirit_n he_o shall_v therefore_o have_v prove_v it_o for_o what_o he_o add_v that_o when_o one_o hungerstarved_a see_v bread_n he_o carry_v his_o appetite_n thereto_o without_o discourse_n
the_o reason_n which_o m._n c._n examine_v here_o will_v still_o remain_v in_o full_a force_n and_o it_o will_v still_o be_v true_a that_o dog_n and_o hawk_n do_v not_o pursue_v their_o game_n how_o good_a soever_o it_o appear_v unto_o they_o if_o they_o judge_v it_o to_o be_v out_o of_o reach_n it_o remain_v now_o for_o we_o to_o observe_v whether_o he_o have_v weaken_v it_o by_o any_o other_o objection_n more_o considerable_a than_o that_o he_o for_o a_o second_o reason_n add_v that_o dog_n often_o cease_v to_o pursue_v the_o game_n although_o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o reach_n their_o imagination_n be_v divert_v that_o on_o the_o contrary_n they_o do_v not_o forbear_v to_o pursue_v what_o be_v too_o far_o off_o to_o be_v take_v and_o if_o they_o do_v stop_v it_o be_v either_o out_o of_o weariness_n or_o out_o of_o distraction_n but_o also_o most_o common_o because_o that_o a_o object_n a_o far_o off_o draw_v not_o at_o all_o i_o shall_v grant_v he_o all_o what_o he_o here_o say_v except_v that_o adamantine_a virtue_n wherewith_o he_o believe_v object_n draw_v the_o power_n of_o the_o mind_n for_o it_o be_v a_o extravagant_a opinion_n which_o can_v be_v maintain_v by_o any_o reason_n and_o which_o destroy_v the_o nature_n of_o knowledge_n and_o the_o principle_n of_o philosophy_n without_o lie_v i_o wonder_v that_o so_o clear_a a_o spirit_n as_o be_v m._n c_n shall_v not_o have_v perceive_v that_o all_o what_o he_o have_v say_v make_v nothing_o against_o what_o i_o have_v propose_v when_o i_o say_v that_o dog_n often_o do_v not_o pursue_v their_o prey_n because_o they_o judge_v it_o too_o far_o off_o and_o that_o for_o his_o part_n he_o also_o assure_v that_o often_o they_o do_v not_o pursue_v it_o because_o their_o imagination_n be_v divert_v we_o be_v nothing_o contrary_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o and_o both_o may_v have_v be_v in_o the_o right_n have_v i_o say_v that_o they_o never_o pursue_v their_o prey_n when_o it_o be_v too_o far_o off_o and_o that_o the_o distance_n be_v the_o only_a cause_n they_o cease_v to_o pursue_v it_o he_o will_v have_v reason_n to_o object_n against_o i_o that_o distraction_n often_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o they_o do_v not_o pursue_v it_o and_o even_o that_o they_o sometime_o pursue_v it_o when_o it_o be_v out_o of_o reach_n for_o all_o this_o may_v be_v true_a although_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v they_o judge_v it_o to_o be_v out_o of_o reach_v when_o they_o pursue_v it_o for_o a_o animal_n can_v undertake_v a_o thing_n without_o judge_v it_o possible_a yet_o this_o hinder_v not_o that_o often_o also_o the_o only_a knowledge_n of_o the_o distance_n be_v cause_n of_o their_o forbearance_n and_o m.c._n have_v produce_v no_o proof_n to_o the_o contrary_a i_o see_v nothing_o that_o diminish_v the_o strength_n of_o i_o nor_o which_o oblige_v i_o to_o change_v my_o opinion_n in_o effect_n why_o shall_v not_o the_o distance_n hinder_v a_o dog_n from_o pursue_v his_o prey_n since_o he_o well_o know_v the_o height_n of_o a_o precipice_n and_o that_o that_o only_a knowledge_n be_v able_a to_o retain_v and_o hinder_v he_o from_o throw_v himself_o down_o it_o i_o see_v no_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o and_o if_o m._n c._n will_v grant_v the_o latter_a i_o must_v also_o yield_v to_o the_o former_a and_o at_o last_o confess_v that_o my_o reason_n be_v good_a and_o that_o he_o have_v produce_v nothing_o to_o destroy_v it_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o part._n answer_n to_o those_o objection_n make_v against_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n the_o four_o part_n chap._n i._n the_o first_o objection_n of_o the_o difference_n there_o be_v betwixt_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o imagination_n have_v show_v you_o in_o my_o first_o work_n that_o the_o imagination_n reason_n i_o will_v ready_o have_v take_v away_o the_o suspicion_n which_o may_v have_v be_v breed_v in_o the_o reader_n mind_n lest_o i_o have_v render_v the_o imagination_n equal_a with_o the_o understanding_n for_o i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o they_o two_o first_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v bound_v to_o corporal_a thing_n necessary_a unto_o life_n and_o common_o restrain_v to_o those_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o species_n and_o that_o that_o of_o the_o understanding_n extend_v itself_o to_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o second_o in_o that_o the_o imagination_n form_v no_o universal_a notion_n and_o consequent_o can_v make_v no_o ratiocination_n but_o particular_a one_o instead_o that_o the_o understanding_n have_v the_o liberty_n to_o form_v general_a notion_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o to_o draw_v from_o thence_o universal_a or_o particular_a consequence_n at_o its_o pleasure_n whence_o we_o conclude_v that_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o only_o inferior_a to_o the_o understanding_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o operate_a but_o also_o in_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n and_o essence_n for_o the_o power_n which_o judge_v of_o all_o thing_n and_o which_o make_v universal_a notion_n can_v be_v tie_v to_o the_o matter_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v spiritual_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o matter_n determine_v and_o can_v admit_v of_o universality_n that_o so_o the_o understanding_n reason_v universal_o aught_o to_o be_v in_o the_o order_n of_o spiritual_a thing_n whereto_o the_o imagination_n can_v pretend_v be_v reduce_v to_o particular_a discourse_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o speak_v general_o reason_n be_v not_o the_o specific_a difference_n of_o man_n but_o such_o a_o species_n of_o reason_n to_o wit_n universal_a reason_n and_o because_o its_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o the_o most_o perfect_a of_o all_o it_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a gender_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o several_a other_o species_n and_o have_v part_n with_o this_o privilege_n in_o the_o definition_n of_o man_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o therefore_o that_o this_o word_n reason_n although_o it_o shall_v signify_v the_o faculty_n or_o action_n of_o reason_v precise_o make_v the_o essential_a difference_n of_o man_n because_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v pure_a accident_n and_o that_o the_o difference_n of_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o substance_n but_o as_o in_o the_o ignorance_n wherein_o we_o be_v of_o the_o last_o difference_n of_o thing_n we_o make_v use_v of_o propriety_n and_o power_n which_o be_v near_a their_o essence_n to_o design_n their_o nature_n philosophy_n which_o herein_o be_v no_o less_o enlighten_v than_o elsewhere_o have_v employ_v the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v to_o mark_v the_o essential_a difference_n of_o man._n but_o to_o follow_v his_o design_n and_o to_o draw_v the_o near_a to_o the_o truth_n we_o must_v conceive_v this_o universal_a faculty_n that_o it_o may_v mark_v the_o order_n of_o nature_n which_o distinguish_v he_o from_o all_o other_o creature_n to_o wit_n spirituality_n and_o therefore_o when_o we_o define_v a_o man_n by_o reason_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v universal_o and_o not_o of_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v simple_o which_o be_v common_a to_o he_o with_o beast_n the_o first_o difference_n which_o there_o be_v betwixt_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o imagination_n i_o imagine_v in_o myself_o that_o there_o be_v no_o reasonable_a man_n who_o ought_v not_o to_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o share_n i_o have_v allot_v he_o in_o the_o distribution_n of_o knowledge_n and_o reason_n yet_o it_o seem_v m_n c._n be_v not_o satisfy_v therewith_o and_o that_o he_o will_v also_o have_v that_o which_o i_o have_v allow_v beast_n and_o will_v take_v from_o they_o that_o small_a portion_n of_o ratiocination_n which_o god_n and_o nature_n have_v give_v they_o first_o he_o approve_v not_o that_o the_o imagination_n be_v different_a from_o the_o understanding_n in_o that_o its_o knowledge_n be_v restrain_v to_o corporal_a thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n and_o proper_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o species_n instead_o that_o that_o of_o the_o understanding_n extend_v to_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o for_o although_o at_o first_o he_o say_v that_o he_o will_v not_o contest_v thereupon_o if_o i_o will_v not_o make_v these_o knowledge_n pass_v by_o ratiocination_n yet_o without_o remember_v this_o protestation_n he_o present_o after_o say_v p._n 129._o that_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v restrain_v to_o thing_n necessary_a for_o life_n and_o proper_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o species_n if_o this_o be_v not_o true_a why_o will_v he_o not_o contest_v it_o be_v it_o that_o he_o will_v contest_v only_a thing_n which_o be_v true_a be_v it_o that_o he_o have_v a_o right_a to_o maintain_v right_a and_o wrong_n and_o to_o change_v his_o opinion_n from_o one_o line_n to_o
how_o evident_a soever_o they_o be_v of_o themselves_o which_o need_v no_o other_o knowledge_n but_o that_o of_o term_n and_o which_o natural_a light_n make_v we_o present_o comprehend_v yet_o aught_o to_o be_v know_v and_o prove_v by_o the_o induction_n now_o it_o be_v not_o that_o the_o induction_n give_v in_o the_o evidence_n but_o it_o be_v that_o it_o fortify_v and_o confirm_v it_o as_o have_v be_v say_v the_o second_o objection_n be_v that_o the_o conclusion_n draw_v its_o evidence_n and_o its_o proof_n from_o the_o antecedent_n proposition_n and_o consequent_o it_o ought_v of_o itself_o to_o be_v obscure_a and_o doubtful_a but_o we_o shall_v say_v that_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o conclusion_n be_v ever_o in_o power_n in_o the_o antecedent_n and_o not_o always_o in_o effect_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o be_v it_o necessary_a to_o prove_v the_o conclusion_n it_o may_v be_v do_v by_o the_o antecedent_n but_o when_o the_o conclusion_n be_v certain_a or_o evident_a of_o itself_o it_o need_v none_o of_o this_o proof_n unless_o for_o the_o reason_n before_o mention_v to_o wit_n to_o confirm_v the_o truth_n which_o she_o make_v know_v so_o that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o conclusion_n do_v not_o effective_o draw_v its_o evidence_n from_o the_o proposition_n which_o precede_v it_o and_o this_o maxim_n be_v not_o true_a as_o to_o the_o effect_n but_o for_o the_o conclusion_n which_o be_v obscure_a and_o doubtful_a whereto_o may_v be_v add_v what_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o three_o part_n that_o thing_n be_v know_v or_o unknown_a by_o the_o sense_n or_o by_o nature_n and_o that_o a_o conclusion_n may_v be_v know_v by_o one_o and_o unknown_a by_o another_o and_o then_o the_o antecedent_n will_v serve_v as_o a_o proof_n not_o for_o sensible_a evidence_n but_o for_o natural_a evidence_n so_o this_o proposition_n peter_n be_v risible_a be_v evident_a of_o itself_o by_o sense_n and_o experience_n and_o be_v it_o to_o be_v prove_v by_o a_o universal_a proposition_n it_o be_v but_o to_o give_v in_o the_o natural_a evidence_n which_o it_o have_v not_o after_o all_o this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o sense_n the_o proof_n add_v thereunto_o whatever_o it_o be_v serve_v but_o to_o confirm_v the_o truth_n which_o be_v already_o know_v from_o elsewhere_o we_o may_v therefore_o reason_n on_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o obscure_v nor_o doubtful_a and_o consequent_o the_o evidence_n of_o mean_n be_v it_o as_o great_a as_o that_o of_o the_o end_n can_v hinder_v the_o soul_n from_o reason_v not_o only_o to_o apply_v they_o to_o that_o end_n but_o also_o to_o the_o operation_n which_o ought_v to_o follow_v this_o knowledge_n as_o we_o have_v before_o say_v that_o we_o can_v apply_v the_o mean_n to_o the_o end_n without_o ratiocination_n m._n c._n have_v then_o much_o deceive_v himself_o when_o he_o assure_v page_n 114._o that_o all_o the_o error_n of_o his_o adversary_n come_v but_o from_o that_o they_o imagine_v that_o its_o impossible_a to_o use_v mean_n to_o attain_v a_o end_n without_o reason_v for_o all_o what_o i_o have_v say_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v no_o error_n therein_o and_o all_o what_o he_o say_v afterward_o to_o show_v that_o there_o be_v prove_v nothing_o what_o he_o pretend_v first_o the_o example_n he_o bring_v of_o insensible_a thing_n which_o use_v mean_n to_o attain_v to_o their_o end_n without_o have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o it_o be_v altogether_o impertinent_a for_o the_o question_n here_o be_v not_o to_o know_v whether_o the_o employment_n of_o mean_n in_o general_a to_o attain_v a_o end_n require_v ratiocination_n the_o question_n be_v restrain_v to_o thing_n which_o operate_v with_o knowledge_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o animal_n know_v the_o end_n to_o which_o they_o tend_v as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o and_o consequent_o they_o also_o know_v the_o mean_n to_o attain_v it_o and_o by_o the_o reason_n before_o allege_v they_o ought_v to_o reason_n to_o apply_v the_o mean_n to_o the_o end_n and_o to_o the_o practical_a judgement_n which_o they_o make_v before_o they_o make_v use_v of_o it_o it_o be_v true_a if_o there_o be_v a_o knowledge_n to_o be_v find_v by_o which_o we_o can_v employ_v those_o mean_n without_o make_v this_o judgement_n which_o devance_v all_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o appetite_n and_o which_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o all_o animal_n operation_n perhaps_o i_o may_v confess_v that_o ratiocination_n will_v be_v nothing_o necessary_a but_o where_o be_v this_o knowledge_n to_o be_v find_v since_o of_o all_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o nature_n the_o animal_n only_o be_v know_v and_o that_o to_o operate_v they_o must_v judge_v that_o the_o thing_n be_v good_a and_o possible_a and_o that_o from_o the_o goodness_n and_o possibility_n they_o find_v in_o they_o they_o conclude_v that_o they_o must_v do_v they_o which_o can_v be_v without_o reason_v as_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o second_o place_n the_o example_n he_o add_v pag._n 114_o 115._o of_o child_n of_o fool_n as_o those_o benumb_a of_o timorous_a person_n etc._n etc._n who_o without_o reason_v as_o he_o say_v employ_v mean_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n all_o these_o example_n i_o say_v be_v useless_a to_o our_o question_n for_o they_o do_v exclude_v but_o the_o ratiocination_n of_o the_o superior_a part_n which_o be_v not_o here_o in_o question_n and_o presuppose_v the_o ratiocination_n of_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v that_o they_o do_v not_o employ_v mean_n without_o reason_v yes_o i_o grant_v that_o a_o child_n which_o reason_n not_o yet_o bring_v its_o hand_n to_o its_o face_n to_o take_v away_o what_o trouble_v it_o that_o fall_v he_o oppose_v they_o to_o save_v himself_o that_o he_o cast_v himself_o on_o his_o nurse_n breast_n that_o he_o use_v more_o strength_n in_o suck_v she_o as_o he_o have_v more_o need_n and_o hide_v itself_o from_o one_o who_o have_v fright_v it_o and_o use_v a_o hundred_o several_a mean_n for_o several_a end_n but_o although_o it_o be_v true_a that_o this_o child_n reason_n not_o yet_o it_o can_v yet_o be_v understand_v but_o of_o intellectual_a ratiocination_n and_o not_o of_o that_o of_o the_o imagination_n which_o go_v before_o all_o these_o action_n as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o several_a place_n of_o this_o work_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o benumb_a who_o how_o little_a sense_n soever_o they_o have_v remain_v shrink_v back_o those_o part_n where_o they_o be_v grieve_v for_o so_o long_o as_o they_o still_o feel_v their_o imagination_n must_v work_v and_o move_v the_o appetite_n to_o these_o motion_n and_o consequent_o make_v that_o ratiocination_n which_o we_o have_v so_o often_o speak_v of_o we_o may_v say_v as_o much_o of_o a_o man_n who_o appetite_n prevent_v all_o the_o conclusion_n which_o his_o reason_n can_v make_v at_o the_o unexpected_a encounter_n of_o some_o spark_n of_o fire_n which_o burn_v he_o of_o timorous_a person_n who_o without_o reason_v fly_n from_o those_o thing_n which_o appear_v frightful_a and_o of_o those_o to_o who_o the_o sight_n of_o a_o serpent_n of_o a_o mouse_n or_o of_o such_o like_a make_v they_o out_o of_o countenance_n by_o the_o antipathy_n they_o have_v together_o for_o all_o this_o may_v well_o be_v without_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o superior_a reason_n but_o not_o without_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o imagination_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n m._n c._n confound_v these_o two_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o the_o design_n and_o intention_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o these_o two_o faculty_n since_o he_o say_v that_o all_o the_o action_n of_o the_o appetite_n be_v perform_v without_o design_n that_o we_o often_o laugh_v without_o any_o intention_n and_o that_o the_o apprehension_n of_o tickle_v cause_v we_o often_o to_o make_v involuntary_a shrug_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o by_o this_o kind_n of_o speak_v we_o can_v say_v nothing_o but_o that_o these_o action_n be_v do_v without_o the_o design_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o superior_a part_n and_o it_o can_v fall_v into_o the_o thought_n of_o any_o reasonable_a person_n that_o from_o thence_o one_o may_v infer_v that_o they_o be_v do_v without_o the_o design_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n presuppose_v that_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o design_n and_o intention_n as_o we_o have_v show_v so_o that_o i_o pity_v m.c._n for_o have_v take_v so_o much_o pain_n to_o accumulate_v reason_n upon_o reason_n and_o heap_v example_n on_o example_n to_o prove_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v beside_o the_o question_n and_o to_o have_v forget_v the_o decisive_a point_n of_o our_o dispute_n true_o have_v he_o fall_v into_o the_o defect_n he_o reproach_v i_o to_o have_v do_v in_o some_o place_n to_o have_v make_v principle_n according_a to_o my_o fancy_n to_o draw_v from_o
but_o take_v heed_n to_o prove_v that_o they_o have_v this_o knowledge_n i_o make_v use_n of_o the_o reason_n with_o which_o they_o be_v endue_v he_o may_v well_o have_v perceive_v that_o i_o intend_v not_o thereby_o to_o prove_v that_o they_o do_v reason_n otherwise_o i_o shall_v have_v bring_v for_o a_o proof_n what_o now_o be_v in_o question_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o truth_n which_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v before_o i_o may_v make_v use_n of_o it_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o know_v the_o end_n and_o the_o mean_n because_o it_o be_v for_o reason_n to_o know_v they_o to_o compare_v thing_n one_o with_o another_o and_o to_o destine_v they_o to_o what_o use_v it_o please_v let_v not_o m._n c._n be_v scandalize_v on_o the_o word_n he_o take_v not_o away_o liberty_n as_o have_v be_v say_v already_o in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o discourse_n for_o although_o beast_n choose_v not_o the_o mean_n and_o that_o at_o first_o they_o be_v determine_v by_o what_o first_o present_v itself_o or_o be_v most_o efficatious_a we_o may_v nevertheless_o say_v that_o they_o will_v that_o they_o desire_v and_o that_o they_o be_v please_v to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o a_o mean_n let_v we_o add_v to_o these_o two_o objection_n what_o he_o say_v 1._o that_o man_n reason_v not_o to_o prove_v the_o first_o principle_n 2._o that_o by_o reason_n they_o can_v persuade_v themselves_o to_o what_o the_o sense_n manifest_o show_v they_o 3._o because_o it_o be_v to_o overthrow_v the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n to_o employ_v as_o a_o proof_n what_o be_v more_o obscure_a than_o the_o thing_n which_o we_o will_v persuade_v 4._o and_o that_o they_o will_v laugh_v at_o a_o man_n who_o will_v discourse_v to_o know_v whether_o the_o first-step_n of_o a_o staircase_n serve_v for_o a_o mean_n to_o rise_v to_o the_o second_o 5._o that_o in_o fine_a among_o all_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o sight_n only_o and_o report_v which_o be_v evident_a to_o the_o sense_n we_o only_o make_v use_v of_o simple_a conception_n 6._o and_o that_o if_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n and_o obscurity_n we_o need_v none_o of_o this_o examen_fw-la nor_o of_o this_o deliberation_n whereby_o he_o define_v ratiocination_n but_o how_o easy_o soever_o the_o answer_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v may_v be_v find_v to_o all_o these_o reason_n in_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n yet_o for_o m._n c_n satisfaction_n i_o shall_v answer_v to_o every_o one_o in_o particular_a first_o what_o he_o say_v of_o the_o first_o principle_n be_v not_o absolute_o true_a for_o if_o they_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o induction_n as_o aristotle_n teach_v we_o we_o must_v needs_o reason_n to_o prove_v they_o since_o the_o induction_n be_v a_o ratiocination_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v it_o true_a that_o we_o shall_v not_o reason_v to_o prove_v they_o i_o be_o very_a well_o assure_v that_o we_o can_v not_o know_v without_o reason_v because_o that_o beside_o that_o they_o be_v universal_a proposition_n and_o that_o the_o understanding_n can_v form_v no_o universal_a notion_n without_o discourse_n as_o have_v be_v show_v to_o conceive_v they_o it_o must_v needs_o compare_v the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o and_o consequent_o it_o must_v reason_n since_o without_o reason_v we_o can_v compare_v thing_n in_o effect_n we_o can_v say_v nor_o comprehend_v that_o the_o whole_a be_v great_a than_o its_o part_n not_o even_o conceive_v what_o the_o whole_a or_o the_o part_n be_v without_o compare_v the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o forasmuch_o as_o there_o be_v a_o mutual_a relation_n betwixt_o they_o which_o enter_v into_o the_o essence_n of_o either_o and_o that_o we_o can_v define_v the_o one_o but_o the_o other_o must_v enter_v into_o the_o definition_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o when_o we_o say_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v or_o be_v not_o and_o that_o nothing_o be_v and_o be_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n we_o must_v compare_v the_o be_v with_o the_o not_o be_v and_o make_v a_o many_o reflection_n wherein_o necessary_o ratiocination_n must_v be_v involve_v it_o be_v true_a this_o be_v do_v so_o swift_o that_o it_o seem_v as_o if_o there_o be_v only_o simple_a notion_n at_o least_o the_o mind_n content_v itself_o to_o express_v by_o one_o only_a proposition_n all_o the_o progress_n it_o have_v make_v therein_o and_o will_v not_o any_o more_o explicate_v a_o thing_n which_o it_o well_o know_v that_o other_o with_o it_o conceive_v it_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n even_o as_o to_o witness_v that_o it_o consent_v or_o do_v not_o consent_n to_o what_o be_v propose_v there_o need_v but_o i_o or_o no_o although_o in_o themselves_o they_o make_v a_o entire_a discourse_n know_v well_o that_o these_o monosyllable_n will_v make_v it_o sufficient_o know_v as_o for_o the_o second_o proposition_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v not_o every_o way_n true_a and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o hundred_o encounter_n wherein_o reason_n persuade_v what_o experience_n and_o the_o sense_n manifest_o make_v know_v as_o we_o have_v show_v it_o be_v useless_a in_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n if_o it_o be_v not_o restrain_v to_o operation_n for_o i_o admit_v not_o that_o the_o imagination_n shall_v reason_v on_o the_o knowledge_n which_o the_o sense_n have_v of_o their_o object_n but_o on_o the_o application_n of_o this_o knowledge_n to_o operation_n so_o when_o the_o animal_n judge_v such_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v sweet_a or_o good_a to_o eat_v i_o understand_v not_o that_o it_o reason_n thereon_o but_o only_o when_o it_o from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o it_o must_v be_v eat_v and_o when_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v to_o overthrow_v the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n to_o make_v use_n of_o for_o a_o proof_n what_o be_v more_o obscure_a than_o the_o thing_n we_o will_v persuade_v this_o be_v true_a when_o we_o employ_v it_o for_o a_o absolute_a and_o necessary_a proof_n and_o not_o when_o it_o be_v but_o to_o confirm_v the_o evidence_n and_o certainty_n we_o have_v thereof_o this_o again_o may_v be_v true_a when_o we_o use_v this_o proof_n by_o choice_n and_o by_o election_n and_o not_o when_o it_o be_v by_o constraint_n and_o that_o of_o necessity_n we_o must_v pass_v by_o this_o middle_n to_o go_v to_o the_o conclusion_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o most_o of_o our_o reason_n and_o in_o all_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o way_n leave_v to_o laugh_v at_o a_o man_n who_o will_v reason_v to_o know_v whether_o the_o first_o step_n of_o a_o stair_n serve_v for_o the_o mean_n to_o get_v up_o to_o the_o second_o p._n 117._o for_o beside_o that_o he_o can_v consider_v the_o first_o degree_n as_o a_o mean_a to_o arrive_v at_o the_o second_o unless_o he_o compare_v they_o together_o if_o he_o apply_v the_o knowledge_n he_o have_v of_o it_o to_o the_o operation_n he_o must_v necessary_o reason_n neither_o can_v he_o do_v otherwise_o it_o be_v true_a that_o if_o he_o express_v by_o speech_n the_o reason_n he_o make_v thereon_o perhaps_o they_o may_v have_v occasion_n to_o mock_v he_o for_o speak_v a_o useless_a thing_n etc._n etc._n which_o all_o the_o world_n know_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n a_o man_n may_v render_v himself_o ridiculous_a if_o he_o will_v prove_v to_o a_o man_n that_o he_o be_v a_o man_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n which_o he_o can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o after_o all_o this_o i_o shall_v send_v back_o m.c._n to_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o my_o three_o part_n where_o he_o may_v find_v how_o the_o mean_n enter_v into_o ratiocination_n but_o must_v we_o still_o stay_v at_o the_o last_o of_o m._n c_n proposition_n which_o we_o have_v so_o full_o refute_v all_o our_o second_o part_n be_v employ_v to_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n may_v make_v proposition_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v evident_a to_o the_o sense_n we_o every_o hour_n make_v the_o like_a and_o every_o moment_n we_o say_v that_o snow_n be_v white_a that_o the_o sun_n be_v luminous_a that_o time_n be_v obscure_a etc._n etc._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n these_o be_v not_o simple_a conception_n since_o they_o be_v true_a proposition_n and_o consequent_o it_o be_v false_a that_o in_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v judge_v by_o sight_n only_o and_o who_o report_n be_v evident_a to_o the_o sense_n we_o employ_v only_o simple_a conception_n to_o conclude_v we_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v in_o the_o four_o part_n that_o deliberation_n be_v not_o of_o the_o essence_n of_o ratiocination_n and_o that_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v define_v thereby_o as_o m._n c._n have_v do_v and_o true_o methinks_v for_o the_o love_n and_o respect_n which_o he_o owe_v the_o truth_n he_o will_v not_o oppose_v himself_o to_o what_o i_o here_o present_v he_o withal_o and_o that_o since_o he_o
doubt_n will_v maintain_v that_o all_o these_o reason_n can_v persuade_v he_o that_o beast_n speak_v forasmuch_o as_o to_o say_v that_o we_o speak_v we_o must_v have_v a_o intention_n and_o a_o design_n to_o express_v our_o thought_n by_o the_o voice_n and_o know_v that_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n and_o mean_n to_o make_v we_o be_v understand_v so_o that_o beast_n have_v no_o design_n nor_o intention_n to_o express_v their_o thought_n by_o the_o voice_n and_o not_o know_v it_o to_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o make_v they_o understand_v although_o it_o be_v even_o articulate_a and_o significative_a it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o speech_n and_o we_o can_v not_o proper_o say_v they_o speak_v this_o be_v the_o second_o reason_n which_o i_o have_v already_o touch_v have_v answer_v to_o one_o part_n of_o it_o already_o for_o i_o hold_v with_o he_o that_o the_o thesis_n of_o it_o be_v true_a and_o that_o to_o speak_v we_o must_v have_v a_o design_n to_o make_v know_v our_o thought_n by_o the_o voice_n and_o to_o know_v that_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n and_o a_o mean_n to_o make_v we_o understand_v but_o i_o also_o hold_v that_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o it_o be_v false_a and_o that_o the_o proof_n he_o bring_v to_o maintain_v it_o be_v pure_a paralogism_n and_o conclude_v nothing_o which_o may_v either_o hurt_n or_o serve_v i_o for_o to_o show_v that_o beast_n have_v no_o intention_n or_o design_n to_o make_v know_v their_o thought_n by_o their_o cry_n and_o by_o their_o accent_n he_o produce_v only_a example_n of_o voice_n which_o passion_n make_v some_o person_n send_v forth_o without_o any_o design_n or_o intention_n of_o they_o now_o it_o be_v undoubted_a that_o in_o there_o encounter_v the_o word_n of_o design_n and_o of_o intention_n can_v only_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o understanding_n and_o to_o the_o will_n and_o that_o this_o signify_v no_o more_o but_o that_o passion_n send_v forth_o those_o voice_n without_o the_o understanding_n or_o will_n contribute_v thereunto_o and_o therefore_o he_o can_v from_o thence_o infer_v nothing_o but_o that_o beast_n have_v not_o a_o design_n and_o intention_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o superior_a part_n now_o i_o consent_v pag._n 163._o that_o a_o man_n that_o feel_v grief_n feel_v himself_o also_o force_v to_o complain_v although_o even_o he_o shall_v have_v no_o design_n to_o make_v himself_o understand_v that_o there_o be_v person_n who_o by_o their_o sigh_n and_o unvoluntary_a groan_n have_v discover_v what_o they_o have_v a_o long_a time_n hide_v that_o there_o be_v some_o who_o be_v alone_o break_v out_o into_o open_a laughter_n and_o can_v even_o hinder_v themselves_o from_o it_o in_o company_n what_o intention_n soever_o they_o have_v to_o fain_o themselves_o sad_a that_o in_o fine_a divers_z will_v cast_v forth_o cry_v in_o a_o surprise_n who_o will_v not_o cry_v at_o all_o have_v they_o but_o time_n afford_v they_o to_o form_v some_o design_n but_o i_o also_o hold_v that_o this_o also_o concern_v not_o our_o question_n because_o these_o complaint_n and_o these_o sigh_n these_o cry_n and_o these_o laughter_n which_o in_o truth_n devance_v all_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o intellectual_a reason_n exclude_v no_o other_o resolution_n nor_o other_o design_n but_o those_o of_o the_o understanding_n which_o be_v not_o the_o thing_n in_o question_n to_o give_v some_o force_n to_o these_o example_n he_o shall_v have_v prove_v that_o the_o imagination_n concuâ—s_v not_o to_o all_o these_o action_n and_o that_o they_o be_v do_v without_o their_o have_v any_o design_n or_o invention_n of_o do_v they_o but_o true_o to_o have_v perform_v it_o he_o must_v have_v destroy_v all_o the_o most_o assure_a maxim_n of_o philosophy_n and_o the_o most_o certain_a order_n which_o the_o soul_n keep_v in_o the_o ordinary_a operation_n for_o it_o be_v undoubted_a that_o all_o those_o motion_n of_o animal_n which_o we_o call_v voluntary_a come_v from_o the_o emotion_n of_o the_o appetite_n which_o be_v the_o principle_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o appetite_n never_o move_v itself_o without_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o imagination_n which_o propose_v and_o ordain_v what_o it_o be_v to_o do_v now_o it_o do_v not_o only_o order_v it_o to_o make_v it_o more_o in_o member_n because_o it_o be_v but_o one_o mean_n to_o attain_v its_o principal_a action_n but_o itself_o propose_v the_o action_n itself_o which_o be_v the_o end_n and_o aim_v the_o animal_n tend_v to_o if_o this_o be_v so_o since_o the_o voice_n form_v itself_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o muscle_n the_o judgement_n of_o the_o imagination_n must_v needs_o precede_v their_o motion_n and_o that_o this_o know_v that_o the_o voice_n ought_v to_o form_v itself_o by_o their_o mean_n and_o that_o it_o order_v the_o animal_n to_o cry_v now_o if_o she_o know_v and_o if_o she_o ordain_v she_o have_v a_o design_n and_o a_o intention_n to_o form_v a_o voice_n because_o the_o design_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o judgement_n and_o the_o proposition_n which_o the_o faculty_n make_v to_o execute_v what_o she_o find_v good_a as_o the_o intention_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o motion_n which_o form_n itself_o in_o the_o appetite_n in_o pursuit_n of_o that_o judgement_n and_o consequent_o in_o all_o the_o example_n propose_v by_o m.c._n the_o grief_n nonâ—_n he_o surprise_v excite_v no_o sigh_v cry_n or_o other_o voice_n which_o the_o mind_n have_v not_o a_o design_n and_o a_o intention_n to_o form_n let_v no_o man_n object_n that_o it_o be_v true_a the_o mind_n have_v a_o design_n and_o intention_n to_o form_v the_o voice_n but_o none_o to_o make_v itself_o be_v thereby_o understand_v for_o if_o she_o have_v a_o intention_n to_o form_v the_o voice_n she_o must_v have_v it_o as_o of_o a_o thing_n good_a and_o profitable_a to_o it_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o intention_n always_o respect_v the_o end_n and_o the_o end_n be_v ever_o consider_v as_o good_a now_o if_o from_o the_o voice_n we_o exclude_v communication_n and_o design_n of_o make_v itself_o thereby_o understand_v there_o will_v therein_o be_v neither_o goodness_n nor_o profit_n and_o consequent_o the_o mind_n will_v not_o have_v the_o same_o intention_n of_o form_v it_o and_o why_o shall_v not_o a_o animal_n have_v a_o design_n to_o make_v itself_o understand_v by_o its_o cry_n and_o by_o its_o accent_n since_o it_o very_o well_o comprehend_v the_o thought_n of_o other_o by_o those_o which_o they_o form_n and_o if_o it_o sufficient_o understand_v they_o when_o it_o call_v for_o their_o help_n when_o it_o impart_v to_o they_o the_o posture_n it_o have_v find_v when_o they_o advertise_v they_o of_o the_o danger_n which_o threaten_v they_o why_o shall_v they_o not_o make_v use_n of_o the_o same_o voice_n to_o give_v they_o the_o same_o knowledge_n yes_o but_o say_v m.c._n page_n 164._o these_o be_v the_o immediate_a effect_n of_o passion_n and_o he_o can_v never_o have_v believe_v that_o any_o man_n will_v have_v make_v use_n of_o those_o effect_n to_o have_v infer_v a_o reason_n from_o they_o let_v he_o not_o wonder_v at_o this_o there_o be_v infinite_a many_o other_o most_o true_a illation_n which_o he_o as_o yet_o know_v not_o and_o which_o he_o believe_v may_v not_o be_v draw_v from_o many_o proposition_n which_o he_o know_v and_o without_o seek_v they_o further_o he_o mind_v not_o the_o consequence_n which_o i_o have_v draw_v from_o the_o objection_n he_o make_v i_o for_o i_o necessary_o from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o he_o have_v here_o forget_v the_o law_n of_o logic_n and_o the_o maxim_n of_o philosophy_n first_o we_o dispute_v not_o here_o about_o reason_n neither_o will_v we_o infer_v from_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o voice_n which_o beast_n have_v that_o they_o reason_n but_o only_o that_o they_o communicate_v their_o thought_n together_o that_o they_o have_v a_o design_n and_o a_o intention_n to_o do_v it_o and_o that_o consequent_o they_o speak_v together_o so_o that_o it_o seem_v m.c._n have_v forget_v the_o state_n of_o the_o question_n which_o himself_o state_v and_o that_o according_a to_o his_o custom_n he_o fall_v into_o the_o sophism_n that_o he_o raise_v what_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o raise_v for_o although_o in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o if_o animal_n speak_v they_o must_v needs_o have_v reason_n yet_o we_o be_v not_o yet_o there_o it_o be_v a_o consequence_n which_o suppose_v we_o prove_v that_o animal_n speak_v and_o it_o be_v to_o pervert_v the_o order_n of_o ratiocination_n &_o precipitate_a matter_n to_o descend_v to_o this_o conclusion_n without_o have_v clear_v the_o precede_a difficulty_n in_o the_o second_o place_n p._n 164._o when_o he_o wonder_v that_o from_o the_o immediate_a effect_n of_o passion_n i_o shall_v infer_v the_o design_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o mind_n he_o know_v not_o that_o those_o principal_o be_v the_o
according_a to_o the_o cry_v they_o make_v when_o they_o be_v agitate_a with_o some_o vehement_a passion_n m.c._n be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o the_o trouble_n they_o cause_n precipitate_v all_o the_o design_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o often_o pervert_v and_o corrupt_v they_o he_o know_v that_o speech_n which_o be_v destine_v for_o society_n escape_v those_o who_o be_v alone_o when_o they_o suffer_v any_o great_a motion_n of_o joy_n or_o displeasure_n that_o a_o man_n in_o anger_n revenge_v himself_o untimely_a and_o strike_v without_o cause_n who_o he_o first_o meet_v that_o violent_a desire_n cause_v the_o mouth_n to_o water_n when_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v unnecessary_a and_o a_o hundred_o such_o like_a example_n which_o all_o the_o passion_n furnish_v without_o doubt_n there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o groan_n of_o a_o dog_n when_o he_o be_v sensible_a of_o a_o strong_a grief_n or_o when_o he_o will_v enter_v into_o a_o chamber_n which_o be_v shut_v in_o the_o first_o he_o scarce_o know_v why_o he_o complain_v but_o in_o the_o other_o he_o know_v that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v let_v in_o and_o undoubted_o he_o think_v to_o call_v some_o one_o to_o let_v he_o in_o for_o we_o do_v not_o say_v as_o m.c._n will_v have_v we_o believe_v p._n 166._o that_o his_o design_n be_v to_o address_v his_o voice_n to_o other_o dog_n to_o open_v it_o to_o he_o because_o he_o have_v no_o experience_n that_o dog_v open_a door_n but_o that_o it_o be_v man_n which_o open_v they_o to_o clear_v this_o truth_n i_o will_v counsel_v he_o to_o come_v to_o paris_n to_o consult_v with_o famous_a montdory_n cat_n which_o be_v so_o discreet_a that_o she_o never_o mean_v to_o come_v into_o the_o chamber_n when_o she_o find_v it_o shut_v she_o only_o draw_v a_o little_a bell_n which_o hang_v at_o the_o door_n and_o if_o at_o first_o sound_v they_o come_v not_o and_o open_v it_o she_o redouble_v it_o until_o she_o be_v let_v in_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o after_o have_v know_v that_o no_o body_n trouble_v themselves_o to_o teach_v she_o to_o draw_v the_o bell_n and_o that_o of_o itself_o this_o wise_a beast_n do_v learn_v to_o imitate_v those_o person_n which_o she_o have_v see_v do_v the_o same_o thing_n i_o say_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o he_o will_v judge_v either_o that_o the_o cat_n itself_o will_v answer_v he_o if_o he_o will_v interrogate_v she_o thereupon_o that_o she_o have_v no_o design_n to_o call_v other_o cat_n to_o open_v she_o the_o door_n but_o those_o person_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v it_o after_o all_o shall_v a_o dog_n or_o a_o cat_n address_v its_o voice_n to_o other_o creature_n as_o in_o several_a encounter_n without_o doubt_n it_o may_v and_o that_o they_o will_v not_o come_v to_o its_o aid_n as_o m._n c._n say_v what_o consequence_n can_v he_o draw_v from_o thence_o but_o that_o it_o be_v deceive_v in_o its_o design_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o many_o who_o unprofitable_o demand_v succour_n from_o those_o who_o either_o can_v or_o will_v not_o give_v it_o they_o this_o be_v all_o what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v on_o what_o m.c._n propose_v concern_v the_o language_n of_o beast_n and_o which_o will_v also_o serve_v for_o a_o answer_n to_o what_o he_o object_n against_o the_o other_o action_n which_o they_o perform_v to_o make_v their_o thought_n know_v for_o confess_v that_o the_o gesture_n the_o mind_n and_o the_o look_n do_v it_o as_o well_o as_o the_o voice_n he_o say_v as_o before_o that_o it_o be_v without_o design_n and_o that_o there_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o passion_n of_o which_o reason_n and_o design_n do_v not_o participate_v but_o it_o be_v easy_a thereby_o to_o see_v that_o he_o confound_v the_o design_n of_o the_o understanding_n with_o that_o of_o the_o imagination_n as_o he_o have_v do_v before_o wherefore_o i_o shall_v send_v he_o back_o to_o what_o we_o have_v already_o answer_v since_o beast_n speak_v they_o must_v needs_o reason_n after_o all_o these_o proof_n which_o evident_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o beast_n communicate_v their_o thought_n and_o speak_v together_o have_v we_o not_o reason_n from_o thence_o to_o infer_v that_o they_o do_v reason_n not_o only_o because_o m._n c._n find_v this_o consequence_n necessary_a but_o also_o because_o they_o can_v make_v their_o intention_n know_v to_o demand_n help_v the_o one_o of_o another_o with_o out_o form_v a_o perfect_a ratiocination_n see_v that_o there_o be_v so_o many_o several_a judgement_n to_o be_v make_v in_o these_o encounter_n so_o many_o progress_v which_o the_o soul_n make_v from_o cause_n to_o their_o effect_n from_o sign_n to_o thing_n signify_v and_o from_o good_n and_o evil_n present_v to_o those_o which_o be_v past_a and_o to_o come_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o we_o must_v find_v it_o in_o the_o form_n and_o contexture_n of_o discourse_n all_o what_o m._n c._n oppose_v hereunto_o be_v that_o he_o have_v show_v how_o beast_n communicate_v their_o thought_n and_o how_o this_o communication_n may_v be_v make_v without_o ratiocination_n but_o if_o my_o memory_n be_v good_a all_o his_o proof_n reduce_v itself_o into_o two_o reason_n which_o we_o have_v destroy_v the_o one_o that_o they_o have_v no_o speech_n and_o the_o other_o that_o they_o have_v no_o design_n or_o intention_n to_o make_v know_v their_o thought_n in_o a_o word_n we_o have_v prove_v the_o contrary_a and_o consequent_o according_a to_o m._n c_n maxim_n have_v we_o no_o other_o mark_n of_o their_o ratiocination_n it_o must_v follow_v that_o they_o reason_n since_o we_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o speak_v as_o for_o the_o example_n which_o we_o produce_v of_o a_o hen_n which_o call_v her_o chicken_n to_o impart_v unto_o they_o the_o grain_n she_o have_v find_v and_o that_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o she_o have_v a_o design_n to_o make_v they_o come_v to_o show_v they_o their_o food_n and_o to_o nourish_v they_o and_o that_o they_o also_o must_v understand_v the_o voice_n which_o summon_v they_o comprehend_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v signify_v by_o it_o and_o hope_v for_o the_o good_a which_o it_o announce_v he_o answer_v only_o that_o all_o this_o be_v do_v by_o instinct_n but_o this_o be_v not_o to_o take_v away_o the_o difficulty_n the_o question_n be_v to_o know_v whether_o all_o these_o action_n be_v do_v with_o knowledge_n for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o we_o must_v also_o confess_v that_o there_o be_v a_o ratiocination_n since_o so_o many_o progress_v of_o one_o knowledge_n to_o another_o can_v be_v without_o discourse_n and_o it_o matter_n not_o whether_o it_o be_v do_v by_o instinct_n for_o as_o fear_v which_o come_v from_o instinct_n be_v a_o true_a fear_n and_o be_v of_o the_o same_o species_n as_o be_v that_o which_o come_v from_o elsewhere_o the_o ratiocination_n which_o precede_v the_o instinct_n must_v needs_o be_v a_o true_a ratiocination_n and_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o other_o now_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v contest_v but_o that_o there_o be_v a_o knowledge_n in_o all_o the_o action_n which_o the_o hen_n and_o chicken_n do_v in_o the_o example_n we_o bring_v design_n and_o intention_n be_v therein_o as_o have_v be_v demonstrate_v the_o intention_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o appetite_n which_o tend_v towards_o good_a &_o that_o the_o hen_n and_o chicken_n will_v do_v the_o thing_n they_o do_v and_o consequent_o form_v the_o design_n thereof_o which_o be_v a_o motion_n of_o the_o appetite_n which_o tend_v towards_o the_o good_a the_o design_n because_o it_o be_v a_o proposition_n which_o the_o faculty_n make_v to_o execute_v what_o it_o find_v useful_a which_o ever_o go_v before_o the_o intention_n and_o which_o consequent_o precede_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o hen_n and_o of_o the_o chicken_n they_o agitate_v they_o with_o knowledge_n that_o be_v to_o say_v they_o conceive_v the_o thing_n which_o they_o judge_v good_a and_o that_o they_o from_o thence_o draw_v those_o consequence_n which_o we_o have_v observe_v all_o the_o difference_n which_o the_o instinct_n bring_v thereunto_o be_v that_o the_o sense_n furnish_v they_o not_o with_o all_o the_o thing_n which_o they_o know_v and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o object_n of_o their_o knowledge_n must_v come_v from_o elsewhere_o but_o whence_o soever_o they_o come_v they_o form_n image_n thereof_o and_o afterward_o unite_v they_o together_o wherein_o all_o knowledge_n consist_v and_o be_v there_o any_o exterior_a thing_n intervening_a among_o these_o action_n it_o will_v be_v as_o a_o help_n and_o not_o as_o a_o principle_n because_o they_o be_v vital_a action_n who_o faculty_n which_o be_v bear_v with_o the_o animal_n be_v the_o first_o and_o last_o cause_n but_o we_o shall_v more_o careful_o examine_v this_o in_o the_o discourse_n of_o the_o instinct_n
those_o cause_n and_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o can_v act_v without_o the_o help_n of_o reason_n this_o order_n be_v not_o please_v to_o m.c._n and_o in_o the_o examen_fw-la he_o make_v he_o have_v not_o only_o begin_v his_o book_n by_o a_o discourse_n of_o instinct_n but_o he_o will_v also_o have_v it_o believe_v that_o i_o have_v do_v ill_o in_o not_o follow_v that_o method_n see_v i_o hold_v that_o the_o instinct_n suppose_v a_o natural_a knowledge_n and_o that_o natural_a knowledge_n ought_v to_o be_v treat_v before_o those_o which_o be_v acquire_v but_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v consider_v that_o all_o my_o design_n be_v to_o show_v that_o beast_n reason_n and_o that_o what_o be_v to_o be_v say_v of_o instinct_n aught_o to_o be_v but_o a_o incident_a to_o the_o question_n so_o that_o if_o i_o have_v begin_v from_o thence_o i_o shall_v have_v place_v the_o accessary_a before_o the_o principal_a and_o the_o objection_n before_o the_o conclusion_n on_o the_o other_o side_n have_v not_o this_o consideration_n oblige_v i_o to_o follow_v this_o method_n can_v he_o not_o have_v remember_v that_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o it_o the_o one_o which_o begin_v by_o those_o thing_n which_o in_o themselves_o and_o natural_o be_v most_o evident_a the_o other_o which_o begin_v by_o those_o which_o in_o respect_n of_o we_o and_o by_o the_o sense_n be_v most_o evident_a that_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v good_a but_o that_o the_o latter_a have_v this_o advantage_n that_o it_o be_v more_o conformable_a to_o our_o ordinary_a way_n of_o know_v which_o begin_v always_o by_o sensible_a thing_n so_o although_o without_o a_o fault_n i_o may_v have_v first_o speak_v of_o natural_a knowledge_n which_o be_v first_o in_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n and_o consequent_o more_o evident_a in_o themselves_o then_o those_o which_o be_v acquire_v still_o methinks_v it_o be_v better_a to_o begin_v by_o those_o which_o be_v acquire_v which_o be_v most_o sensible_a and_o therefore_o in_o our_o own_o respect_n the_o first_o and_o most_o evident_a in_o effect_n since_o i_o be_v to_o show_v that_o instinct_n suppose_v a_o natural_a knowledge_n and_o that_o before_o that_o i_o be_v to_o seek_v wherein_o knowledge_n in_o general_n consist_v can_v i_o have_v arrive_v by_o any_o sure_a way_n than_o by_o certain_a and_o indubitable_a experiment_n which_o we_o have_v through_o acquire_v knowledge_n especial_o have_v none_o through_o the_o natural_a let_v we_o trifle_v no_o long_o therefore_o neither_o he_o nor_o i_o on_o the_o general_a order_n we_o have_v observe_v in_o our_o work_n i_o think_v that_o his_o be_v not_o ill_a in_o that_o particular_a and_o that_o i_o be_v necessary_a for_o my_o design_n neither_o will_v i_o change_v it_o here_o have_v observe_v the_o same_o disposition_n of_o subject_n the_o same_o number_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o same_o sequel_n of_o consequence_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o my_o treatise_n of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o beast_n if_o there_o be_v any_o difference_n it_o be_v that_o there_o i_o have_v observe_v as_o much_o as_o i_o can_v a_o rhetorical_a discourse_n and_o here_o i_o treat_v of_o thing_n in_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o the_o school_n who_o divide_v the_o matter_n by_o chapter_n which_o relate_v the_o reason_n and_o which_o do_v not_o seeek_v that_o exact_a concatenation_n of_o word_n which_o the_o law_n of_o oratory_n require_v for_o i_o think_v it_o be_v fit_a to_o make_v a_o abridgement_n of_o all_o what_o i_o employ_v in_o my_o first_o treatise_n and_o afterward_o faithful_o to_o produce_v the_o objection_n of_o m._n c._n without_o trouble_v the_o reader_n to_o seek_v elsewhere_o to_o clear_v himself_o concern_v the_o subject_n of_o our_o contest_v i_o therefore_o divide_v my_o discourse_n into_o four_o part_n in_o the_o first_o i_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n to_o know_v thing_n aught_o to_o form_v the_o image_n thereof_o in_o the_o second_o that_o the_o imagination_n may_v unite_v those_o image_n it_o have_v form_v and_o consequent_o make_v proposition_n in_o the_o three_o that_o it_o may_v unite_v several_a proposition_n and_o bound_v they_o together_o with_o common_a term_n wherein_o ratiocination_n consist_v the_o four_o contain_v the_o answer_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v to_o those_o objection_n which_o be_v common_o propose_v against_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o m.c._n will_v not_o follow_v this_o order_n i_o have_v be_v constrain_v to_o recollect_v the_o reason_n he_o have_v scatter_v here_o and_o there_o and_o to_o reduce_v under_o every_o of_o these_o part_n where_o i_o have_v examine_v they_o with_o all_o possible_a moderation_n for_o although_o in_o some_o place_n there_o be_v some_o touch_n of_o censure_n and_o raillery_n which_o he_o may_v resent_v i_o believe_v he_o will_v consider_v that_o beside_o that_o most_o common_o i_o do_v but_o defend_v myself_o with_o the_o same_o arm_n with_o which_o he_o have_v assault_v i_o the_o critical_a part_n be_v in_o itself_o so_o severe_a and_o so_o crabbed_a that_o if_o some_o divertisement_n be_v not_o insinuate_v it_o will_v become_v loathsome_a both_o to_o the_o author_n and_o to_o the_o reader_n and_o if_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o say_v so_o it_o be_v a_o food_n which_o easy_o disgu_v unless_o it_o have_v some_o relish_n and_o some_o sharpness_n but_o i_o have_v not_o only_o seek_v for_o he_o this_o season_n in_o the_o civility_n of_o my_o censure_n and_o in_o the_o innocency_n of_o my_o raillery_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o slip_v in_o several_a question_n which_o by_o their_o novelty_n may_v divert_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o reader_n and_o untire_a he_o from_o the_o trouble_n which_o our_o contest_v may_v have_v give_v he_o for_o without_o doubt_n he_o will_v take_v pleasure_n to_o know_v 1._o whether_o external_a image_n enter_v into_o the_o memory_n 2._o what_o the_o word_n est_fw-la be_v signify_v in_o proposition_n 3._o how_o the_o imagination_n may_v make_v negative_a proposition_n 4._o whether_o if_o a_o material_a power_n such_o as_o the_o imagination_n be_v can_v form_v universal_a notion_n 5._o whether_o beast_n doubt_v 6._o whether_o they_o hope_v and_o whether_o they_o fear_v 7._o how_o they_o know_v the_o time_n to_o come_v 8._o whether_o they_o know_v the_o end_n and_o the_o mean_n they_o use_v to_o attain_v it_o 9_o what_o action_n the_o soul_n perform_v in_o reason_v 10._o whether_o one_o may_v reason_v in_o a_o instant_n 11._o whether_o reason_v be_v give_v only_o to_o clear_v doubtful_a thing_n 12._o what_o the_o nature_n of_o speech_n be_v and_o of_o such_o like_a which_o i_o have_v insinuate_v into_o this_o discourse_n wherein_o m._n c._n may_v if_o he_o please_v exercise_v himself_o but_o whereof_o he_o be_v not_o to_o expect_v from_o i_o any_o reply_n for_o if_o he_o produce_v better_a reason_n than_o i_o i_o from_o this_o very_a time_n consent_n unto_o they_o and_o if_o they_o be_v as_o weak_a as_o those_o which_o he_o have_v already_o bring_v it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o i_o to_o continue_v in_o my_o opinion_n and_o to_o apply_v myself_o to_o better_a thing_n then_o to_o prolong_v a_o process_n where_o all_o the_o profit_n rather_o accrue_v to_o he_o who_o have_v lose_v it_o since_o he_o gain_v both_o the_o time_n and_o the_o truth_n let_v we_o quick_o dispatch_v this_o therefore_o and_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o part._n but_o first_o of_o all_o it_o be_v fit_a that_o the_o reader_n shall_v be_v advertise_v that_o the_o word_n of_o imagination_n which_o be_v so_o frequent_a in_o this_o work_n may_v not_o be_v here_o take_v for_o a_o distinct_a faculty_n of_o the_o common_a sense_n of_o the_o fancy_n and_o of_o the_o estimative_a as_o they_o do_v common_o in_o the_o school_n but_o for_o a_o general_a faculty_n which_o comprehend_v all_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n which_o serve_v for_o knowledge_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o word_n understanding_n comprehend_v all_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o intellectual_a soul_n which_o make_v thing_n to_o be_v know_v such_o as_o be_v the_o apprehensive_a the_o cogitative_a the_o discursive_a the_o agent_n and_o patient_a intellect_n etc._n etc._n in_o effect_v all_o these_o different_a faculty_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n have_v in_o common_a among_o they_o that_o they_o know_v and_o consequent_o there_o be_v a_o general_a faculty_n which_o know_v which_o be_v afterward_o divide_v into_o as_o many_o piece_n as_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o knowledge_n now_o this_o general_a faculty_n have_v no_o particular_a name_n may_v by_o the_o example_n of_o divers_a other_o gender_n take_v the_o name_n of_o one_o of_o those_o species_n and_o principal_o that_o of_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v the_o most_o considerable_a and_o most_o
have_v so_o free_o grant_v that_o beside_o contemplation_n and_o deliberation_n beast_n may_v do_v all_o what_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n can_v do_v he_o will_v also_o then_o confess_v with_o the_o same_o ingenuity_n that_o they_o perfect_o reason_n after_o we_o have_v show_v he_o that_o man_n may_v perfect_o reason_n without_o any_o contemplation_n or_o deliberation_n for_o although_o hitherto_o he_o have_v have_v cause_n to_o rest_v in_o those_o vulgar_a opinion_n which_o have_v not_o precise_o observe_v wherein_o the_o nature_n of_o discourse_n consist_v and_o which_o have_v not_o consider_v it_o but_o in_o the_o condition_n and_o in_o the_o quality_n which_o be_v nothing_o essential_a to_o it_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o have_v acknowledge_v the_o error_n in_o which_o they_o be_v he_o will_v now_o forsake_v they_o and_o join_v with_o i_o to_o make_v a_o more_o ample_a discovery_n of_o that_o truth_n which_o i_o have_v encounter_v and_o to_o give_v the_o last_o touch_v to_o perfect_v what_o perhaps_o i_o have_v only_a dead-coloured_n yes_o without_o doubt_n if_o he_o approve_v that_o all_o the_o action_n of_o ratiocination_n consist_v in_o this_o circular_a revolution_n which_o the_o soul_n make_v on_o these_o image_n and_o that_o the_o syllogism_n be_v not_o form_v but_o by_o the_o return_n she_o make_v on_o these_o first_o notion_n to_o join_v they_o with_o the_o latter_a perhaps_o he_o will_v also_o consent_v not_o only_o that_o to_o reason_n she_o need_v neither_o deliberate_a nor_o meditate_v and_o that_o in_o this_o knowledge_n she_o may_v be_v the_o sense_n slave_n and_o suffer_v herself_o to_o be_v force_v and_o necessitate_v to_o the_o first_o mean_n which_o present_v itself_o but_o likewise_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o this_o action_n which_o surpass_v the_o force_n of_o the_o imagination_n and_o that_o consequent_o child_n and_o animal_n may_v perfect_o reason_n if_o he_o look_v on_o the_o perfection_n which_o be_v essential_a to_o ratiocination_n and_o not_o to_o that_o which_o be_v strange_a and_o accidental_a for_o if_o there_o be_v perfect_a reason_n to_o be_v find_v in_o which_o the_o soul_n make_v no_o abstraction_n or_o reflection_n no_o universal_a notion_n nor_o any_o deliberation_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o most_o part_n of_o expositive_a syllogism_n all_o these_o condition_n of_o necessity_n must_v not_o be_v essential_a to_o discourse_v and_o that_o that_o which_o be_v make_v in_o thing_n pure_o simple_a wherein_o not_o one_o of_o these_o circumstance_n meet_v must_v to_o speak_v proper_o and_o exact_o be_v a_o perfect_a ratiocination_n but_o we_o must_v give_v time_n to_o m._n c._n to_o resolve_v hereupon_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v we_o see_v what_o he_o object_n against_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n chap._n iii_o the_o three_o objection_n of_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n if_o beast_n do_v reason_n they_o will_v reason_v not_o only_o together_o but_o even_o also_o with_o man_n they_o will_v speak_v with_o one_o another_o and_o if_o they_o be_v deprive_v of_o speech_n they_o will_v at_o least_o fancy_n to_o themselves_o as_o well_o as_o dumb_a person_n some_o sign_n and_o significative_a gesture_n to_o make_v themselves_o understand_v so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o evident_a token_n that_o they_o want_v reason_n since_o they_o can_v perform_v any_o of_o these_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o effect_n and_o natural_a sequels_fw-fr of_o ratiocination_n but_o those_o who_o make_v this_o objection_n do_v not_o heed_n that_o they_o lend_v we_o arm_n to_o combat_v they_o and_o that_o if_o we_o come_v to_o show_v that_o all_o these_o action_n be_v common_a and_o ordinary_a to_o beast_n they_o must_v of_o necessity_n confess_v that_o they_o have_v reason_n since_o they_o be_v as_o they_o say_v the_o effect_n and_o natural_a consequence_n of_o ratiocination_n now_o all_o the_o world_n agree_v that_o they_o communicate_v their_o thought_n and_o without_o consult_v the_o book_n of_o the_o learned_a every_o man_n of_o himself_o may_v make_v proof_n of_o this_o truth_n for_o a_o man_n must_v be_v extreme_o stupid_a not_o to_o observe_v that_o all_o beast_n which_o have_v the_o use_n of_o voice_n use_v it_o to_o make_v their_o desire_n know_v and_o that_o they_o have_v cry_n and_o different_a accent_n according_a as_o the_o several_a design_n which_o pleasure_n or_o grief_n hope_v or_o fear_v inspire_v in_o they_o do_v they_o not_o intercal_a themselves_o when_o they_o be_v in_o love_n when_o they_o want_v help_v when_o they_o have_v find_v any_o food_n which_o they_o may_v impart_v to_o other_o for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o a_o sparrow_n come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o there_o be_v much_o corn_n he_o will_v call_v the_o rest_n unto_o it_o and_o that_o a_o wolf_n have_v find_v a_o carrion_n will_v bring_v his_o companion_n to_o it_o some_o even_o say_v that_o either_o of_o they_o diversify_v its_o voice_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n they_o encounter_v and_o that_o that_o mark_n by_o a_o particular_a accent_n whether_o it_o be_v wheat_n barley_n or_o buck_n which_o they_o have_v find_v and_o this_o have_v its_o different_a roar_n when_o it_o be_v the_o carrion_n of_o a_o horse_n or_o when_o it_o be_v that_o of_o a_o ass_n but_o without_o examine_v the_o truth_n of_o so_o curious_a a_o observation_n can_v we_o observe_v a_o dog_n shut_v up_o in_o any_o place_n present_o begin_v to_o make_v long_o sigh_n and_o afterward_o change_v they_o into_o redouble_a barking_n and_o last_o of_o all_o howl_n out_o till_o he_o be_v out_o of_o breath_n without_o fancy_v that_o he_o will_v make_v it_o appear_v by_o these_o different_a cry_v the_o several_a passion_n which_o his_o captivity_n cause_v he_o and_o whoever_o perceive_v little_a chicken_n fly_v and_o hide_v themselves_o at_o the_o instant_n when_o they_o hear_v the_o hen_n cry_v and_o afterward_o return_v again_o under_o her_o wing_n when_o she_o use_v another_o follow_v and_o run_v to_o feed_v according_a as_o she_o diversify_v her_o voice_n will_v doubtless_o judge_v that_o there_o be_v a_o communication_n of_o thought_n among_o they_o and_o some_o kind_n of_o language_n whereby_o they_o make_v themselves_o understand_v one_o another_o and_o certain_o whoever_o observe_v that_o of_o all_o bird_n will_v make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o believe_v that_o tiresias_n melampus_n and_o apollonius_n have_v former_o understand_v it_o and_o if_o that_o any_o man_n will_v apply_v himself_o unto_o it_o he_o may_v yet_o learn_v it_o and_o that_o its_o even_o easy_a by_o imitate_v it_o to_o entertain_v one_o self_n with_o they_o since_o in_o some_o manner_n we_o daily_o do_v it_o when_o we_o take_v they_o by_o the_o whistle_n and_o that_o we_o bring_v they_o whether_o we_o please_v by_o counterfeit_v their_o voice_n and_o accent_n but_o it_o be_v not_o only_o by_o voice_n that_o beast_n make_v themselves_o understand_v the_o look_v the_o mind_n and_o the_o gesture_n also_o serve_v they_o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n they_o know_v as_o well_o in_o one_o the_o other_o eye_n the_o passion_n they_o have_v and_o a_o dog_n will_v see_v in_o the_o forehead_n of_o a_o mastiff_n whether_o he_o may_v with_o security_n approach_v he_o and_o whether_o he_o be_v in_o sportful_a humour_n do_v he_o not_o threaten_v when_o he_o show_v his_o tooth_n when_o his_o hair_n stand_v a_o end_n and_o when_o he_o look_v through_o he_o who_o assault_v he_o in_o fine_a all_o his_o corvet_n and_o his_o carress_a posture_n all_o the_o flatter_a motion_n of_o his_o tail_n and_o ear_n which_o he_o make_v when_o he_o accost_v his_o master_n be_v but_o so_o many_o sign_n and_o very_o significative_a gesture_n of_o the_o desire_n he_o have_v to_o please_v he_o now_o if_o beast_n communicate_v their_o thought_n together_o of_o necessity_n they_o must_v entertain_v one_o the_o other_o and_o even_o they_o must_v reason_v together_o and_o that_o the_o discourse_n must_v enter_v their_o thought_n as_o we_o have_v declare_v and_o have_v we_o bring_v no_o proof_n of_o this_o truth_n we_o can_v not_o conceive_v that_o they_o make_v their_o intention_n know_v to_o give_v or_o ask_v help_n to_z or_o from_o one_o another_o but_o we_o must_v believe_v that_o they_o form_n a_o perfect_a ratiocination_n for_o there_o be_v so_o many_o judgement_n to_o be_v make_v in_o these_o encounter_n so_o many_o consequence_n to_o be_v deduce_v so_o many_o progress_v which_o the_o soul_n make_v from_o cause_n to_o the_o effect_n from_o sign_n to_o thing_n signify_v and_o from_o good_n and_o ill_n present_v to_o those_o which_o be_v past_a and_o to_o come_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o we_o must_v find_v the_o form_n and_o contexture_n of_o discourse_n i_o will_v willing_o ask_v our_o adversary_n if_o when_o a_o hen_n have_v find_v some_o grain_n call_v her_o chicken_n to_o impart_v it_o to_o
into_o the_o essence_n of_o thing_n so_o that_o the_o assemble_v together_o of_o divers_a vowel_n and_o consonant_n which_o signify_v nothing_o forbear_v not_o to_o form_v articulate_a word_n as_o the_o blictri_n of_o the_o school_n and_o the_o word_n which_o our_o parrot_n learn_v have_v all_o the_o smoothness_n and_o all_o the_o variety_n of_o pronunciation_n which_o we_o give_v they_o although_o as_o to_o they_o they_o signify_v nothing_o no_o more_o than_o those_o latin_a discourse_n which_o be_v teach_v child_n and_o as_o we_o may_v not_o say_v that_o these_o latter_a be_v not_o articulate_v voice_n and_o true_a word_n we_o must_v needs_o also_o confess_v that_o the_o word_n which_o bird_n learn_v be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o i_o shall_v say_v more_o hold_v to_o this_o restriction_n the_o cry_n and_o accent_n of_o all_o animal_n which_o have_v the_o use_n of_o voice_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v articulate_a voice_n although_o even_o it_o shall_v not_o serve_v they_o to_o express_v the_o motion_n of_o their_o mind_n because_o there_o be_v not_o one_o wherein_n be_v not_o only_o some_o vowel_n which_o be_v continue_v and_o lengthen_v as_o in_o the_o bellow_n of_o bull_n and_o howl_n of_o wolf_n or_o cut_v and_o repeat_v as_o in_o the_o bark_n of_o dog_n or_o mix_v with_o several_a other_o as_o in_o the_o nightingale_n sing_v as_o in_o the_o warble_n of_o bird_n but_o even_o also_o wherein_o some_o consonant_n may_v be_v observe_v which_o make_v the_o articulation_n thereof_o which_o be_v particular_o observe_v in_o the_o bleat_a of_o sheep_n in_o the_o crow_n of_o cock_n in_o the_o meaw_v of_o cat_n and_o in_o the_o hiss_a of_o serpent_n where_o the_o b_o and_o the_o c_o the_o m_n and_o the_o s_n which_o be_v of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o consonant_n be_v distinct_o understand_v as_o we_o have_v show_v and_o we_o be_v not_o to_o wonder_v if_o there_o be_v consonant_n which_o beast_n do_v not_o pronounce_v for_o beside_o that_o they_o have_v not_o all_o the_o organ_n which_o be_v necessary_a thereunto_o there_o be_v even_o also_o whole_a nation_n which_o can_v form_v some_o of_o they_o the_o arabian_n use_v not_o the_o p_o nor_o the_o greek_n the_o i_o and_o five_o consonant_n nor_o the_o italian_n the_o v._o vowel_n otherwise_o always_o employ_v the_o t_o for_o the_o d_o the_o c_o for_o the_o g._n and_o history_n observe_v that_o ancient_o the_o alphabet_n be_v compose_v but_o of_o twelve_o letter_n the_o voice_n of_o animal_n be_v then_o articulate_v but_o it_o be_v far_o less_o so_o than_o that_o of_o man_n of_o which_o there_o be_v two_o principal_a reason_n the_o first_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v give_v they_o and_o the_o other_o from_o the_o cause_n which_o afford_v the_o mean_n to_o attain_v that_o end_n for_o as_o the_o voice_n be_v destine_v to_o make_v our_o thought_n know_v and_o that_o the_o diversity_n of_o articulation_n serve_v to_o express_v the_o diversity_n of_o thought_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o man_n who_o be_v more_o fruitful_a in_o thought_n then_o beast_n shall_v also_o have_v a_o great_a diversity_n of_o articulation_n in_o his_o voice_n beside_o because_o it_o be_v nature_n alone_o which_o give_v to_o the_o voice_n of_o animal_n the_o faculty_n to_o represent_v the_o thought_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o will_n and_o not_o nature_n which_o have_v give_v it_o to_o that_o of_o man_n the_o mean_n which_o be_v therein_o employ_v must_v be_v proportionable_a to_o these_o two_o cause_n and_o that_o those_o which_o nature_n furnish_v must_v be_v more_o simple_a and_o in_o less_o number_n than_o those_o which_o part_n from_o the_o will_n because_o nature_n ever_o determine_v herself_o to_o a_o few_o thing_n and_o that_o the_o will_n be_v a_o power_n without_o bound_n and_o who_o capacity_n be_v infinite_a in_o effect_v it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o the_o language_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v pure_o natural_a as_o be_v that_o of_o beast_n not_o only_o because_o he_o have_v the_o liberty_n to_o form_v a_o infinity_n of_o thought_n who_o original_a be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o nature_n and_o who_o nature_n consequent_o can_v give_v he_o the_o mark_n and_o sign_n which_o be_v capable_a to_o represent_v they_o to_o he_o but_o also_o because_o his_o knowledge_n be_v to_o be_v acquire_v but_o by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o time_n ever_o add_v something_o thereunto_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o language_n which_o may_v suffer_v the_o same_o change_n nor_o which_o need_v either_o be_v fix_v nor_o tie_v to_o its_o birth_n as_o that_o which_o come_v from_o nature_n be_v it_o remain_v then_o that_o he_o shall_v form_v one_o himself_o which_o depend_v on_o his_o choice_n and_o which_o may_v be_v augment_v diminish_v and_o alter_v according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n such_o be_v that_o of_o all_o nation_n who_o have_v tacit_o agree_v together_o that_o they_o will_v use_v certain_a word_n to_o signify_v such_o and_o such_o thing_n which_o without_o this_o connexion_n and_o consent_n will_v signify_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o terminate_v therefore_o this_o long_a enquiry_n since_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o voice_n of_o beast_n be_v articulate_v and_o that_o it_o be_v significative_a of_o their_o thought_n as_o that_o of_o man_n be_v we_o must_v of_o necessity_n conclude_v that_o its_o a_o true_a speech_n which_o beast_n speak_v together_o and_o that_o every_o species_n have_v its_o particular_a language_n even_o as_o every_o nation_n have_v a_o proper_a one_o it_o matter_n not_o that_o the_o cause_n which_o render_v it_o significative_a be_v different_a because_o the_o diversity_n of_o cause_n and_o of_o mean_n change_v not_o the_o essence_n nor_o the_o species_n of_o the_o effect_n which_o it_o produce_v and_o as_o there_o be_v animal_n which_o engender_v by_o generation_n and_o by_o putrefaction_n and_o thing_n which_o art_n and_o nature_n produce_v which_o forbear_v not_o to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n so_o the_o articulate_a voice_n which_o be_v significative_a by_o nature_n can_v be_v of_o a_o different_a species_n from_o that_o which_o be_v by_o the_o institution_n and_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o man_n or_o the_o interjection_n and_o some_o other_o word_n which_o enter_v into_o our_o discourse_n and_o which_o natural_o signify_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o mind_n of_o necessity_n must_v not_o be_v place_v in_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o word_n but_o i_o shall_v say_v more_o whoever_o shall_v well_o consider_v the_o cry_n and_o several_a accent_n of_o animal_n he_o will_v find_v that_o they_o be_v by_o institution_n as_o well_o as_o the_o speech_n of_o men._n for_o they_o do_v not_o signify_v of_o themselves_o the_o passion_n they_o represent_v otherwise_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o beast_n who_o have_v all_o the_o same_o passion_n must_v also_o all_o have_v the_o same_o voice_n and_o that_o that_o cry_v which_o signify_v such_o a_o passion_n must_v be_v a_o like_a in_o all_o the_o kind_n of_o animal_n at_o least_o as_o much_o as_o the_o diversity_n of_o organ_n can_v suffer_v it_o which_o be_v contrary_a to_o experience_n but_o the_o difference_n find_v therein_o come_v from_o the_o institution_n of_o nature_n or_o rather_o from_o god_n himself_o who_o have_v impose_v to_o such_o and_o such_o accent_n such_o a_o signification_n as_o it_o please_v he_o and_o which_o of_o themselves_o they_o can_v not_o have_v have_v so_o that_o we_o may_v say_v and_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n be_v in_o that_o point_n like_o to_o that_o which_o man_n receive_v from_o god_n at_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o world_n for_o even_o that_o signify_v of_o itself_o nothing_o no_o more_o than_o they_o neither_o do_v it_o come_v from_o the_o choice_n or_o institution_n which_o man_n make_v of_o it_o no_o more_o than_o that_o of_o animal_n but_o it_o be_v institute_v by_o god_n who_o give_v to_o those_o word_n which_o be_v to_o compose_v it_o the_o sense_n he_o please_v even_o as_o he_o do_v in_o the_o other_o so_o that_o as_o the_o first_o language_n of_o man_n be_v not_o of_o a_o different_a species_n from_o that_o which_o man_n have_v since_o invent_v although_o the_o one_o be_v from_o divine_a institution_n and_o the_o rest_n from_o humane_a it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n be_v not_o different_a from_o we_o in_o that_o it_o come_v from_o the_o institution_n of_o god_n and_o of_o nature_n and_o that_o we_o come_v from_o the_o institution_n of_o men._n that_o the_o voice_n of_o beast_n be_v make_v with_o design_n and_o intention_n to_o express_v their_o thought_n but_o we_o must_v return_v to_o m.c._n who_o be_v of_o the_o humour_n i_o know_v he_o to_o be_v will_v not_o consent_v to_o all_o these_o truth_n and_o who_o without_o