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A53058 Philosophical letters, or, Modest reflections upon some opinions in natural philosophy maintained by several famous and learned authors of this age, expressed by way of letters / by the thrice noble, illustrious, and excellent princess the Lady Marchioness of Newcastle. Newcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of, 1624?-1674. 1664 (1664) Wing N866; ESTC R19740 305,809 570

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wish with all my heart I could obtain the first is to argue without error in all kinds modes and figures in a quarter of an hour and the other is to learn a way to understand all languages in six hours But as for the first I fear if I want a thorow-understanding in every particular argument cause or point a general art or mode of words will not help me especially if I being a woman should want discretion And as for the second my memory is so bad that it is beyond the help of Art so that Nature has made my understanding harder or closer then Glass through which the Sun of verity cannot pass although its light doth and therefore I am confident I shall not be made or taught to learn this mentioned Art in six hours no not in six months But I wish all Arts were as easily practised as mentioned and thus I rest MADAM Your faithful Friend and Servant XXIII MADAM COncerning your Question Whether a Point be something or nothing or between both My opinion is that a natural point is material but that which the learned name a Mathematical point is like their Logistical Egg whereof there is nothing in Nature any otherwise but a word which word is material as being natural for concerning immaterial beings it is impossible to believe there be any in Nature and though witty Students and subtil Arguers have both in past and this present age endeavoured to prove something nothing yet words and disputes have not power to annihilate any thing that is in Nature no more then to create something out of nothing and therefore they can neither make something nothing nor nothing to be something for the most witty student nor the subtilest disputant cannot alter Nature but each thing is and must be as Nature made it As for your other question Whether there be more then five Senses I answer There are as many senses as there are sensitive motions and all sensation or perception is by the way of patterning and whosoever is of another opinion is in my judgment a greater friend to contradiction then to truth at least to probability Lastly concerning your question why a Gun the longer its barrel is made the further it will shoot until it come to a certain degree of length after which the longer it is made the weaker it becomes so that every degree further makes it shoot shorter and shorter whereas before it came to such a degree of length it shot further and further Give me leave to tell you Madam that this question would be put more properly to a Mathematician then to me who am ignorant in the Mathematicks However since you are pleased to desire my opinion thereof I am willing to give it you There are in my judgment but three reasons which do produce this alteration The one may be the compass of the stock or barrel which being too wide for the length may weaken the force or being too narrow for the length may retard the force the one giving liberty before the force is united the other inclosing it so long by a streight passage as it loses its force before it hath liberty so that the one becomes stronger with length the other weaker with length The second reason in my opinion is That degrees of strength may require degrees of the medium Lastly It may be that Centers are required for degrees of strength if so every medium may be a Center and the middle length to such a compass may be a Center of such a force But many times the force being weaker or stronger is caused by the good or ill making of the Powder or Locks or the like But Madam such questions will puzle me as much as those of M r V. Z. concerning those glasses one of which being held close in ones hand and a little piece being broke of its tail makes as great a noise as the discharging of a Gun Wherefore I beseech you Madam do not trouble my brain with Mathematical questions wherein I have neither skill learning nor experience by Practice for truly I have not the subtilty to find out their mystery nor the capacity to understand arts no more then I am capable to learn several languages If you command me any thing else I am able to do assure your self there is none shall more readily and cheerfully serve you then my self who am and shall ever continue MADAM Your Faithful Friend and Servant XXIV MADAM I Have heard that Artists do glory much in their Glasses Tubes Engines and Stills and hope by their Glasses and Tubes to see invisible things and by their Engines to produce incredible effects and by their Stills Fire and Furnaces to create as Nature doth but all this is impossible to be done For Art cannot arrive to that degree as to know perfectly Natures secret and fundamental actions her purest matter and subtilest motions and it is enough if Artists can but produce such things as are for mans conveniencies and use although they never can see the smallest or rarest bodies nor great and vast bodies at a great distance nor make or create a Vegetable Animal or the like as Nature doth for Nature being Infinite has also Infinite degrees of figures sizes motions densities rarities knowledg c. as you may see in my Book of Philosophy as also in my book of Poems especially that part that treats of little minute Creatures which I there do name for want of other expressions Fairies for I have considered much the several sizes of Creatures although I gave it out but for a fancy in the mentioned book lest I should be thought extravagant to declare that conception of mine for a rational truth But if some small bodies cannot be perfectly seen but by the help of magnifying glasses and such as they call Microscopia I pray Nature being Infinite What figures and sizes may there not be which our eyes with all the help of Art are not capable to see for certainly Nature hath more curiosities then our exterior senses helped by Art can perceive Wherefore I cannot wonder enough at those that pretend to know the least or greatest parts or creatures in Nature since no particular Creature is able to do it But concerning Artists you would fain know Madam whether the Artist be beholden to the conceptions of the Student To which I return this short answer That in my judgment without the Students conceptions the Artist could not tell how to make experiments The truth is the conceptions of studious men set the Artists on work although many Artists do ungratefully attribute all to their own industry Neither doth it always belong to the studious Concepter to make trials or experiments but he leaves that work to others whose time is not so much imployed with thoughts or speculations as with actions for the Contemplator is the Designer and the Artist the Workman or Labourer who ought to acknowledg him his Master as I do your Ladiship