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his_o design_n and_o observe_v a_o small_a rise_a ground_n between_o he_o and_o minutius_n camp_n by_o which_o either_o may_v incommode_v the_o other_o hannibal_n therefore_o resolve_v to_o possess_v it_o and_o for_o that_o he_o be_v well_o assure_v the_o roman_a embolden_v by_o his_o late_a success_n will_v oppose_v he_o he_o therefore_o devise_v this_o stratagem_n the_o country_n round_o about_o near_o this_o piece_n of_o ground_n be_v in_o truth_n plain_a and_o champaign_n no_o part_n thereof_o seem_v in_o any_o wise_a capable_a of_o ambush_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o the_o plain_a country_n there_o be_v little_a insensible_a rise_n and_o fall_n turn_n and_o wind_n rock_n and_o cavern_n where_o man_n may_v be_v conceal_v as_o here_o there_o be_v wherefore_o in_o these_o place_n he_o hide_v five_o hundred_o horse_n and_o five_o thousand_o foot_n divide_v into_o
not_o its_o beginning_n from_o a_o lye_n truth_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o knowledge_n and_o the_o cement_n of_o all_o society_n and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o shine_a quality_n in_o our_o author_n i_o be_v so_o strong_o persuade_v of_o this_o myself_o in_o the_o perusual_a of_o the_o present_a history_n that_o i_o confess_v among_o all_o the_o ancient_n i_o never_o find_v any_o who_o have_v the_o air_n of_o it_o so_o much_o and_o among_o the_o modern_n none_o but_o philip_n de_fw-fr commines_fw-la they_o have_v this_o common_a to_o they_o that_o they_o both_o change_v their_o master_n but_o polybius_n change_v not_o his_o side_n as_o philip_n do_v he_o be_v not_o buy_v off_o to_o another_o party_n but_o pursue_v the_o true_a interest_n of_o his_o country_n even_o when_o he_o serve_v the_o roman_n yet_o since_o truth_n as_o one_o of_o the_o philosopher_n have_v tell_v i_o lie_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o well_o so_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o draw_v it_o up_o much_o 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exactness_n may_v easy_o be_v know_v to_o be_v studious_a of_o truth_n and_o a_o lover_n of_o it_o what_o therefore_o brutus_n think_v worthy_a to_o transcribe_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n out_o of_o he_o i_o need_v not_o be_v ashamed_a to_o copy_n after_o he_o i_o believe_v say_v polybius_n that_o nature_n herself_o have_v constitute_v truth_n as_o the_o supreme_a deity_n which_o be_v to_o be_v adore_v by_o mankind_n and_o that_o she_o have_v give_v it_o great_a force_n than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n for_o be_v oppose_v as_o she_o be_v on_o all_o side_n and_o appearance_n of_o truth_n so_o often_o pass_v for_o the_o thing_n itself_o in_o behalf_n of_o plausible_a falsehood_n yet_o by_o her_o wonderful_a operation_n she_o insinuate_v herself_o into_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n sometime_o exert_v her_o strength_n immediate_o and_o sometime_o lie_v hide_v in_o darkness_n for_o length_n of_o time_n but_o at_o last_o she_o struggle_v through_o it_o and_o appear_v triumphant_a over_o falsehood_n this_o sincerity_n polybius_n prefer_v to_o all_o his_o friend_n and_o even_o to_o his_o father_n in_o all_o other_o office_n of_o life_n say_v he_o i_o praise_v a_o lover_n of_o his_o friend_n and_o of_o his_o native_a country_n but_o in_o write_v history_n i_o be_o oblige_v to_o divest_v myself_o of_o all_o other_o obligation_n and_o sacrifice_v they_o all_o to_o truth_n aratus_n the_o sicyonian_a in_o the_o childhood_n of_o our_o author_n be_v chief_a of_o the_o achaean_n commonwealth_n a_o man_n in_o principal_a esteem_n both_o in_o his_o own_o country_n and_o all_o the_o province_n of_o greece_n admire_v universal_o for_o his_o probity_n his_o wisdom_n his_o just_a administration_n and_o his_o conduct_n in_o remembrance_n of_o all_o which_o his_o grateful_a countryman_n after_o his_o decease_n ordain_v he_o those_o honour_n which_o be_v only_o due_a to_o hero_n he_o our_o polybius_n have_v in_o veneration_n and_o form_v himself_o by_o imitation_n of_o his_o virtue_n and_o be_v never_o want_v in_o his_o commendation_n through_o the_o course_n of_o his_o history_n yet_o even_o this_o man_n when_o the_o cause_n of_o truth_n require_v it_o be_v many_o time_n reprove_v by_o he_o for_o his_o slowness_n in_o counsel_n his_o tardiness_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o enterprise_n his_o tedious_a and_o more_o than_o spanish_a deliberation_n and_o his_o heavy_a and_o cowardly_a proceed_n be_v as_o free_o blame_v by_o our_o polybius_n as_o they_o be_v afterward_o by_o plutarch_n who_o questionless_a draw_v his_o character_n from_o this_o history_n in_o plain_a term_n that_o wise_a general_n scarce_o ever_o perform_v any_o great_a action_n but_o by_o night_n the_o glitter_a of_o a_o sword_n before_o his_o face_n be_v offensive_a to_o his_o eye_n our_o author_n therefore_o bold_o accuse_v he_o of_o his_o faint-heartedness_n attribute_n the_o defeat_n at_o caphiae_n whole_o to_o he_o and_o be_v not_o spare_v to_o affirm_v that_o all_o peloponnesus_n be_v fill_v with_o trophy_n which_o be_v set_v up_o as_o the_o monument_n of_o his_o loss_n he_o sometime_o praise_n and_o at_o other_o time_n condemn_v the_o proceed_n of_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n the_o son_n of_o demetrius_n according_a to_o the_o occasion_n which_o he_o give_v he_o by_o the_o variety_n and_o inequality_n of_o his_o conduct_n and_o this_o most_o exquisite_a on_o either_o side_n he_o more_o than_o once_o arraign_v he_o for_o the_o inconstancy_n of_o his_o judgement_n and_o chapter_n even_o his_o own_o aratus_n on_o the_o same_o head_n show_v by_o many_o example_n produce_v from_o their_o action_n how_o many_o misery_n they_o have_v both_o occasion_v to_o the_o grecian_n and_o attribute_v it_o to_o the_o weakness_n of_o humane_a nature_n which_o can_v make_v nothing_o perfect_a but_o some_o man_n be_v brave_a in_o battle_n who_o be_v weak_a in_o counsel_n which_o daily_a experience_n set_v before_o our_o eye_n other_o deliberate_v wise_o but_o be_v weak_a in_o the_o perform_a part_n and_o even_o no_o man_n be_v the_o same_o to_o day_n which_o he_o be_v yesterday_o or_o may_v be_v to_o morrow_n on_o this_o account_n say_v our_o author_n a_o good_a man_n be_v sometime_o liable_a to_o blame_v and_o a_o bad_a man_n though_o not_o often_o may_v possible_o deserve_v to_o be_v commend_v and_o for_o this_o very_a reason_n he_o severe_o tax_v timaeus_n a_o malicious_a historian_n who_o will_v allow_v no_o kind_n of_o virtue_n to_o agathocles_n the_o tyrant_n of_o sicily_n but_o detract_v from_o all_o his_o action_n even_o the_o most_o glorious_a because_o in_o general_a he_o be_v a_o vicious_a man._n be_v it_o to_o be_v think_v say_v casaubon_n that_o polybius_n love_v the_o memory_n of_o agathocles_n the_o tyrant_n or_o hate_v that_o of_o the_o virtuous_a aratus_n but_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o commend_v a_o tyrant_n and_o another_o thing_n to_o overpass_v in_o silence_n those_o laudable_a action_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o he_o because_o it_o 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exact_o and_o to_o do_v worthy_o in_o every_o thing_n under_o such_o strait_n and_o trial_n belong_v only_o to_o those_o who_o mind_n and_o manner_n be_v imbue_v with_o this_o sovereign_a virtue_n of_o good_a discipline_n but_o that_o we_o may_v not_o spin_v this_o thread_n too_o fine_a let_v we_o contract_v our_o speculation_n by_o say_v in_o short_a that_o discipline_n be_v the_o soul_n of_o military_a action_n it_o be_v the_o founder_n and_o preserver_n of_o kingdom_n she_o lead_v fortune_n herself_o in_o triumph_n and_o by_o she_o under_o providence_n prince_n reign_v and_o their_o throne_n be_v establish_v under_o her_o banner_n do_v the_o roman_n subdue_v the_o world_n and_o vanquish_v in_o battle_n more_o than_o double_a their_o number_n of_o enemy_n equal_a if_o not_o superior_a to_o they_o in_o strength_n and_o natural_a courage_n and_o the_o glory_n of_o that_o great_a state_n ebb_v and_o slow_v with_o their_o discipline_n which_o as_o it_o be_v the_o parent_n of_o success_n 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succour_n of_o the_o ally_n consist_v of_o two_o thousand_o foot_n and_o two_o hundred_o horse_n of_o the_o beotian_o and_o of_o the_o epirot_n a_o thousand_o foot_n and_o fifty_o horse_n and_o the_o like_a number_n of_o acarnanian_o beside_o sixteen_o hundred_o illyrian_n command_v by_o demetrius_n the_o pharian_a so_o that_o the_o army_n consist_v of_o twenty_o eight_o thousand_o foot_n and_o twelve_o hundred_o horse_n cleomenes_z not_o doubt_v but_o the_o enemy_n will_v soon_o visit_v he_o take_v care_n to_o strengthen_v all_o the_o pass_n with_o good_a garrison_n fortify_v all_o the_o avenue_n with_o ditch_n and_o rampart_n and_o fill_v up_o and_o barricado_a the_o way_n with_o great_a tree_n lay_v across_o fell_v for_o that_o purpose_n as_o for_o cleomenes_n himself_o he_o march_v with_o a_o army_n of_o twenty_o thousand_o man_n and_o encamp_v at_o a_o certain_a place_n call_v selasia_n have_v reason_n to_o suspect_v that_o the_o enemy_n purpose_v to_o pass_v that_o way_n and_o he_o be_v not_o deceive_v in_o his_o conjecture_n here_o be_v situate_a two_o mountain_n the_o one_o call_v eva_n the_o other_o olympus_n between_o these_o run_v the_o river_n oenus_n along_o the_o bank_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o narrow_a way_n or_o defile_v that_o lead_v to_o the_o city_n of_o sparta_n cleomenes_z order_v a_o good_a ditch_n to_o be_v make_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o these_o two_o hill_n with_o strong_a rampart_n behind_o they_o on_o the_o mountain_n eva_n he_o post_v the_o force_n of_o the_o confederate_n under_o the_o command_n of_o euclidas_n his_o brother_n and_o he_o himself_o possess_v olympus_n with_o the_o spartan_a troop_n and_o the_o mercenary_n in_o short_a his_o horse_n he_o appointad_v to_o be_v draw_v up_o in_o plain_a ground_n near_o the_o river_n on_o each_o side_n sustain_v by_o a_o body_n of_o mercenary_a foot_n when_o antigonus_n arrive_v and_o have_v well_o consider_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o fortification_n and_o defence_n that_o be_v make_v and_o have_v remark_v with_o how_o much_o judgement_n cleomenes_n have_v provide_v for_o all_o thing_n have_v distribute_v his_o troop_n and_o post_v they_o so_o proper_o and_o that_o he_o have_v so_o soldier-like_a possess_v the_o place_n and_o be_v encamp_v in_o such_o excellent_a order_n the_o form_n thereof_o bear_v the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o army_n draw_v up_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n for_o he_o have_v omit_v no_o skill_n or_o forecast_n either_o with_o respect_n to_o give_v the_o attack_z or_o receive_v the_o enemy_n his_o people_n be_v in_o a_o posture_n for_o either_o and_o his_o camp_n well_o secure_v against_o any_o insult_n or_o surprise_n when_o antigonus_n i_o say_v have_v observe_v all_o this_o he_o can_v not_o determine_v to_o give_v cleomenes_z battle_n but_o content_v himself_o for_o the_o present_a to_o retire_v some_o small_a distance_n off_o and_o incamp_v his_o army_n on_o the_o the_o river_n gorgylus_n which_o
already_o speak_v from_o the_o plain_a where_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr have_v its_o passage_n hannibal_n then_o take_v his_o march_n through_o that_o country_n where_o the_o river_n have_v its_o source_n to_o come_v into_o italy_n some_o author_n who_o have_v write_v of_o hannibal_n passage_n over_o the_o alps_n entertain_v we_o with_o astonish_v and_o incredible_a tale_n of_o that_o voyage_n without_o hee_v that_o they_o have_v thereby_o commit_v two_o error_n which_o history_n of_o all_o thing_n will_v not_o permit_v for_o they_o be_v constrain_v thereby_o to_o coin_v falsehood_n of_o their_o own_o and_o often_o become_v liable_a to_o contradict_v themselves_o for_o as_o they_o give_v to_o hannibal_n all_o the_o encomium_n of_o a_o great_a and_o valiant_a leader_n so_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o make_v he_o act_v with_o the_o great_a imprudence_n imaginable_a then_o when_o they_o be_v take_v in_o their_o own_o fabulous_a snare_n they_o be_v force_v to_o bring_v down_o the_o god_n and_o demigod_n to_o their_o aid_n who_o shall_v not_o be_v name_v but_o in_o matter_n of_o truth_n furthermore_o they_o feign_v that_o the_o alps_n be_v so_o desert_a and_o inaccessible_a that_o far_o from_o be_v passable_a by_o army_n horse_n and_o elephant_n man_n can_v without_o unspeakable_a travel_n pass_v they_o on_o foot_n they_o tell_v we_o far_o that_o some_o part_n thereof_o be_v so_o waste_v and_o destitute_a of_o all_o succour_n that_o without_o the_o aid_n of_o some_o divinity_n who_o lead_v hannibal_n as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o hand_n through_o those_o wild_a labyrinth_n he_o and_o his_o army_n have_v inevitable_o perish_v these_o i_o say_v be_v two_o fault_n in_o a_o historian_n which_o man_n of_o common_a sense_n easy_o discover_v and_o dislike_v for_o in_o short_a be_v there_o truth_n in_o what_o they_o deliver_v where_o can_v there_o be_v find_v in_o story_n a_o more_o imprudent_a general_n or_o leader_n worse_o qualify_v than_o hannibal_n who_o be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o so_o numerous_a a_o army_n in_o the_o prosperity_n of_o which_o all_o his_o hope_n be_v place_v neither_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o country_n through_o which_o he_o be_v to_o march_v nor_o the_o course_n he_o be_v to_o take_v nor_o whither_o he_o go_v nor_o with_o who_o he_o be_v to_o have_v to_o do_v and_o what_o four_o he_o fall_v into_o much_o danger_n folly_n have_v engage_v in_o a_o enterprise_n which_o by_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o reason_n yield_v no_o prospect_n of_o success_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o all_o appearance_n pursue_v a_o attempt_n total_o unfeisible_a for_o these_o author_n make_v hannibal_n in_o the_o spring_n of_o his_o hope_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o flourish_a victorious_a army_n perform_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v not_o likely_a will_v be_v act_v by_o a_o people_n already_o vanquish_v and_o undo_v and_o reduce_v to_o the_o last_o extremity_n namely_o to_o engage_v their_o troop_n in_o country_n and_o place_n total_o unknown_a for_o while_o they_o tell_v we_o all_o be_v waste_v and_o desert_n and_o the_o country_n no_o where_o passable_a do_v they_o not_o plain_o accuse_v their_o own_o forgery_n but_o they_o know_v not_o that_o the_o gaul_n who_o inhabit_v about_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr have_v often_o pass_v the_o alps_n with_o numerous_a army_n long_o before_o hannibal_n time_n and_o not_o only_o heretofore_o but_o of_o late_a day_n they_o have_v march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o those_o gaul_n who_o dwell_v about_o the_o po_n during_o their_o war_n with_o the_o roman_n furthermore_o they_o be_v to_o learn_v that_o even_o the_o alps_n themselves_o be_v inhabit_v by_o numerous_a nation_n but_o it_o be_v their_o ignorance_n indeed_o that_o bring_v the_o demi-god_n down_o to_o show_v hannibal_n his_o way_n wherein_o they_o follow_v the_o poet_n who_o in_o their_o tragedy_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n nothing_o but_o fiction_n and_o extravagant_a adventure_n for_o the_o subject_n of_o their_o play_n be_v able_a to_o bring_v nothing_o handsome_o to_o pass_v without_o a_o god_n or_o a_o machine_n after_o this_o manner_n our_o historian_n have_v proceed_v be_v force_v to_o implore_v some_o divinity_n or_o other_o to_o yield_v they_o assistance_n and_o disentangle_v they_o from_o the_o falsehood_n and_o improbability_n they_o themselves_o have_v make_v for_o how_o can_v a_o fabulous_a beginning_n have_v other_o than_o a_o fabulous_a issue_n most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o hannibal_n do_v not_o conduct_v his_o affair_n at_o the_o rate_n these_o author_n will_v persuade_v but_o like_o a_o wise_a and_o able_a captain_n and_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o he_o well_o know_v that_o the_o country_n into_o which_o he_o be_v lead_v his_o army_n be_v fertile_a and_o abound_a in_o all_o thing_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n alien_v in_o their_o inclination_n to_o the_o roman_n that_o he_o have_v with_o he_o for_o guide_n the_o very_a people_n of_o the_o country_n who_o have_v engage_v to_o partake_v with_o he_o in_o all_o his_o fortune_n for_o my_o own_o particular_a i_o speak_v of_o these_o thing_n with_o so_o much_o the_o more_o assurance_n by_o how_o much_o i_o have_v not_o only_o be_v instruct_v therein_o by_o those_o who_o live_v in_o those_o day_n but_o that_o i_o may_v be_v less_o liable_a to_o error_n i_o make_v myself_o a_o journey_n into_o the_o alps_n for_o my_o better_a information_n to_o proceed_v publius_n the_o roman_a general_n arrive_v with_o his_o army_n at_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr three_o day_n after_o hannibal_n departure_n who_o perceive_v the_o enemy_n go_v be_v much_o surprise_v and_o without_o doubt_n with_o good_a reason_n for_o he_o can_v scarce_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o carthaginian_a will_v ever_o have_v be_v draw_v to_o attempt_v that_o way_n into_o italy_n especial_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o so_o many_o barbarous_a nation_n in_o his_o march_n uncapable_a of_o friendship_n or_o keep_v their_o faith_n but_o after_o he_o have_v a_o while_n reflect_v on_o the_o boldness_n of_o the_o undertake_n he_o march_v back_o to_o the_o fleet_n where_o embarking_a his_o army_n with_o all_o expedition_n and_o dispatch_v his_o brother_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n in_o spain_n he_o resolve_v himself_o to_o return_v by_o sea_n into_o italy_n to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a space_n after_o four_o day_n march_v hannibal_n arrive_v at_o a_o place_n call_v the_o isle_n where_o the_o country_n be_v rich_a and_o well_o people_v it_o be_v so_o call_v because_o the_o soane_n environ_n it_o on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr on_o the_o other_o giving_z it_o the_o sigure_n of_o a_o triangle_n this_o island_n both_o for_o form_n and_o magnitude_n much_o resemble_v another_o in_o egypt_n which_o be_v call_v delta_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o difference_n in_o the_o comparison_n it_o be_v that_o delta_n be_v 〈◊〉_d the_o one_o side_n encompass_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o river_n that_o there_o discharge_v themselves_o and_o 〈◊〉_d the_o other_o with_o rough_a and_o almost_o inaccessible_a mountain_n here_o hannibal_n find_v two_o prince_n that_o be_v brethren_n in_o arm_n against_o each_o other_o for_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o country_n their_o army_n be_v draw_v up_o ready_a to_o engage_v the_o elder_a of_o these_o two_o make_v his_o address_n to_o hannibal_n pray_v his_o aid_n to_o re-establish_a he_o in_o his_o inheritance_n to_o which_o he_o lend_v a_o willing_a ear_n foresee_v the_o profit_n he_o may_v reap_v thereby_o wherefore_o after_o he_o have_v enter_v into_o friendship_n with_o he_o and_o compel_v the_o other_o to_o retire_v he_o receive_v many_o singular_a benefit_n of_o the_o say_a prince_n who_o do_v not_o only_o supply_v his_o army_n with_o refreshment_n and_o whatever_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o but_o exchange_v hannibal_n old_a worn-out_a arm_n for_o new_a one_o which_o he_o deliver_v he_o he_o do_v in_o some_o sort_n recruit_v his_o army_n he_o further_o supply_v they_o with_o what_o clothes_n they_o want_v and_o great_o assist_v they_o in_o their_o passage_n over_o the_o mountain_n but_o the_o most_o remarkable_a service_n he_o do_v they_o be_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v in_o some_o jealousy_n in_o pass_v the_o frontier_n of_o the_o gaul_n call_v allobroges_n he_o conduct_v hannibal_n by_o another_o way_n more_o safe_a and_o bring_v he_o to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o begin_v to_o ascend_v the_o alps_n hannibal_n have_v march_v near_o a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o ten_o day_n along_o the_o river_n rhosne_fw-fr meet_v with_o mighty_a difficulty_n after_o his_o army_n have_v enter_v on_o the_o mountain_n and_o in_o truth_n the_o allobroges_n have_v no_o purpose_n to_o attack_v they_o while_o they_o hold_v their_o march_n in_o the_o plain_n fear_v both_o their_o horse_n and_o the_o gaul_n that_o accompany_v the_o army_n but_o these_o
change_v from_o what_o they_o be_v that_o both_o in_o clothes_n and_o countenance_n they_o appear_v more_o like_a savage_n than_o soldier_n wherefore_o his_o first_o and_o chief_a care_n be_v to_o restore_v health_n and_o strength_n to_o their_o body_n and_o vigour_n to_o their_o mind_n and_o to_o recruit_v and_o strengthen_v his_o horse_n when_o his_o army_n be_v refresh_v his_o next_o business_n be_v to_o endeavour_v a_o alliance_n with_o the_o taurinians_n who_o inhabit_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o alps_n and_o who_o at_o that_o time_n have_v war_n with_o the_o insubrian_o but_o they_o will_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o trust_v the_o carthaginian_n wherefore_o after_o have_v long_o solicit_v they_o to_o friendship_n in_o vain_a he_o sit_v down_o before_o their_o capital_a town_n which_o in_o three_o day_n he_o take_v and_o all_o that_o make_v resistance_n he_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n which_o strike_v the_o neighbour_a barbarian_n with_o such_o terror_n that_o they_o come_v all_o afterward_o in_o to_o he_o as_o one_o man_n give_v themselves_o up_o to_o his_o discretion_n these_o indeed_o be_v constrain_v but_o the_o other_o gaul_n who_o possess_v the_o country_n about_o the_o po_n cheerful_o take_v part_n with_o hannibal_n as_o be_v late_o observe_v but_o in_o regard_n now_o that_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v advance_v so_o near_o they_o adventure_v not_o present_o to_o show_v their_o goodwill_n but_o some_o of_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o take_v part_n with_o they_o whereupon_o hannibal_n think_v it_o the_o wise_a way_n not_o to_o defer_v long_o but_o to_o take_v his_o march_n into_o their_o country_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o some_o notable_a action_n he_o may_v establish_v the_o courage_n and_o renew_v the_o hope_n of_o those_o who_o be_v dispose_v to_o engage_v with_o he_o during_o these_o motion_n he_o receive_v intelligence_n that_o the_o consul_n have_v pass_v the_o po_n with_o all_o the_o legion_n and_o be_v not_o now_o far_o off_o but_o this_o news_n he_o do_v not_o present_o believe_v inasmuch_o as_o he_o know_v he_o have_v leave_v scipio_n about_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr and_o that_o the_o passage_n by_o sea_n from_o marseilles_n to_o tuscany_n be_v tedious_a and_o difficult_a furthermore_o he_o be_v inform_v that_o the_o march_n from_o tuscany_n to_o the_o alps_n be_v not_o only_o long_a but_o hardly_o to_o be_v surmount_v by_o a_o army_n but_o in_o the_o end_n fresh_a advice_n come_v daily_o to_o he_o of_o the_o truth_n thereof_o he_o become_v great_o surprise_v at_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n who_o be_v no_o less_o astonish_v at_o the_o expedition_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a for_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o hannibal_n will_v not_o have_v attempt_v to_o adventure_v over_o the_o alps_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n compose_v of_o so_o many_o divers_a nation_n or_o that_o if_o he_o be_v so_o hardy_a he_o must_v have_v miserable_o perish_v by_o the_o way_n but_o when_o he_o become_v assure_v that_o they_o be_v get_v over_o those_o difficulty_n and_o be_v now_o in_o italy_n and_o far_o that_o they_o have_v already_o besiege_v and_o take_v town_n he_o admire_v the_o intrepid_a boldness_n of_o their_o leader_n who_o attempt_n have_v exceed_v the_o power_n of_o imagination_n itself_o this_o news_n be_v likewise_o hear_v at_o rome_n with_o terror_n enough_o where_o after_o they_o have_v be_v inform_v of_o the_o take_n of_o saguntum_n by_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o while_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v deliberate_v to_o send_v one_o of_o their_o consul_n into_o africa_n to_o attack_v carthage_n and_o the_o other_o into_o spain_n to_o make_v war_n on_o hannibal_n they_o receive_v notice_n that_o hannibal_n himself_o be_v in_o italy_n besiege_v of_o to_n this_o be_v so_o surprise_v to_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o dread_n thereof_o make_v they_o send_v a_o express_a to_o tiberius_n now_o at_o lilybaeum_n to_o acquaint_v he_o with_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o enjoin_v he_o to_o postpone_v all_o other_o affair_n whatsoever_o and_o repair_v with_o all_o the_o expedition_n he_o can_v to_o the_o rescue_n of_o his_o country_n whereupon_o tiberius_n assemble_v his_o maritime_a force_n and_o embark_v forthwith_o for_o rome_n leave_v his_o order_n with_o the_o respective_a tribune_n to_o draw_v together_o what_o troop_n they_o can_v out_o of_o their_o several_a garrison_n and_o set_v they_o a_o day_n to_o rendezvous_n at_o rimini_n a_o town_n stand_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o adriatic_a on_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o plain_n that_o be_v water_v by_o the_o river_n po_n towards_o the_o south_n so_o that_o great_a trouble_n and_o tumult_n be_v spread_v all_o over_o the_o country_n which_o be_v alarm_v on_o all_o quarter_n with_o evil_a tiding_n the_o roman_n be_v in_o great_a suspense_n about_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o war._n and_o now_o hannibal_n and_o scipio_n draw_v near_o each_o other_o and_o mutual_o animate_v their_o soldier_n speak_v to_o they_o in_o such_o term_n as_o the_o time_n and_o the_o occasion_n require_v hannibal_n incite_v his_o troop_n after_o this_o or_o the_o like_a manner_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o army_n which_o he_o have_v assemble_v for_o that_o purpose_n certain_a young_a man_n who_o be_v prisoner_n of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v take_v vex_v and_o plunder_v the_o army_n in_o their_o march_n over_o the_o alps_n who_o he_o have_v therefore_o keep_v in_o very_o hard_a durance_n in_o short_a they_o appear_v load_v with_o iron_n starve_v almost_o to_o death_n bear_v on_o their_o naked_a body_n the_o mark_n of_o the_o ill_a treatment_n they_o have_v suffer_v in_o this_o state_n these_o wretch_n be_v present_v to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o army_n where_o arm_n be_v bring_v and_o lay_v before_o they_o such_o as_o be_v use_v among_o the_o gaul_n and_o not_o unlike_o those_o the_o prince_n of_o that_o nation_n make_v use_v of_o in_o their_o single_a combat_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v produce_v horse_n and_o rich_a habit_n and_o furniture_n then_o it_o be_v demand_v if_o any_o among_o they_o be_v willing_a to_o engage_v and_o fight_v one_o with_o the_o other_o to_o the_o death_n on_o condition_n the_o vanquisher_n shall_v have_v the_o prize_n and_o the_o reward_n there_o propose_v while_o the_o vanquish_a thereby_o put_v a_o end_n to_o his_o misfortune_n by_o lay_v down_o his_o life_n on_o the_o place_n which_o proposition_n they_o all_o unanimous_o cry_v out_o they_o be_v most_o willing_a to_o accept_v whereupon_o hannibal_n order_v a_o certain_a number_n to_o be_v choose_v by_o lot_n to_o enter_v the_o list_n two_o and_o two_o each_o implore_v fortune_n favour_n those_o to_o who_o the_o lot_n â—ell_o manifest_v great_a joy_n while_o the_o other_o on_o the_o contrary_a exceed_v grief_n so_o they_o fight_v it_o out_o while_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prisoner_n look_v on_o the_o vanquish_a as_o hardly_o less_o fortunate_a than_o the_o victor_n 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so_o hard_a a_o march_n be_v tempt_v to_o return_v back_o by_o the_o way_n they_o come_v wherefore_o he_o horse_n be_v so_o post_v that_o they_o may_v compel_v those_o to_o march_v who_o otherwise_o may_v be_v dispose_v to_o desert_n the_o service_n the_o spaniard_n and_o african_n then_o advaneed_a into_o the_o fen_n where_o none_o before_o have_v ever_o adventure_v to_o go_v and_o bear_v their_o part_n with_o cheerfulness_n they_o be_v a_o robu_v people_n and_o harden_v to_o the_o like_a toilsome_a exercise_n but_o it_o fare_v not_o so_o with_o the_o gaul_n who_o march_v not_o but_o with_o great_a difficulty_n for_o the_o ground_n have_v be_v potch_v and_o break_v by_o those_o who_o march_v in_o the_o van_n they_o often_o sell_v and_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v their_o leg_n it_o be_v very_o difficult_a fort_n they_o to_o support_v that_o kind_n of_o travel_n to_o which_o they_o bid_v never_o be_v accustom_a nor_o have_v they_o any_o hope_n of_o remedy_n by_o return_v back_o the_o 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enemy_n the_o day_n prove_v very_o dark_a and_o lower_a by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a fog_n that_o be_v rise_v nevertheless_o hannibal_n upon_o notice_n that_o the_o better_a part_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v now_o enter_v on_o the_o plain_a and_o that_o their_o vanguard_n be_v hard_o at_o hand_n give_v the_o signal_n of_o battle_n dispatch_v his_o order_n to_o those_o who_o be_v in_o ambush_n to_o do_v their_o duty_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v on_o the_o sudden_a surround_v and_o at_o once_o attack_v on_o all_o side_n flaminius_z and_o the_o whole_a army_n with_o he_o be_v strike_v with_o astonishment_n at_o this_o surprise_v shock_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o the_o fog_n be_v so_o thick_a that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o see_v about_o they_o and_o the_o enemy_n fall_v among_o they_o from_o the_o hill_n in_o all_o quarter_n at_o once_o the_o tribunes_z and_o captain_n of_o the_o roman_n can_v not_o discern_v which_o way_n to_o lead_v their_o man_n nor_o how_o to_o bring_v 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least_o molestation_n in_o his_o passage_n in_o this_o town_n hannibal_n take_v up_o his_o quarter_n where_o he_o remain_v a_o day_n to_o rest_n and_o refresh_v his_o army_n and_o then_o prosecute_v his_o journey_n for_o three_o day_n together_o he_o march_v without_o trouble_n or_o alarm_n but_o the_o four_o he_o fall_v into_o much_o danger_n the_o people_n inhabit_v in_o the_o town_n on_o the_o way_n he_o be_v to_o pass_v have_v secret_o conspire_v against_o he_o meet_v he_o however_o with_o olive-branch_n and_o garland_n of_o flower_n sign_n among_o the_o barbarian_n of_o peace_n and_o friendship_n as_o the_o caduceus_n be_v among_o the_o greek_n hannibal_n who_o have_v now_o learn_v how_o far_o he_o be_v to_o trust_v these_o people_n endeavour_v by_o question_n to_o inform_v himself_o of_o their_o purpose_n they_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o have_v receive_v notice_n of_o his_o success_n against_o the_o town_n and_o of_o the_o loss_n and_o defeat_n of_o those_o who_o have_v attack_v he_o in_o his_o march_n but_o as_o to_o themselves_o they_o come_v to_o give_v he_o assurance_n that_o they_o be_v resolve_v to_o do_v he_o no_o injury_n nor_o suffer_v any_o to_o be_v do_v to_o he_o by_o other_o and_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v he_o hostage_n for_o their_o fidelity_n hannibal_n remain_v long_o undetermined_a what_o to_o do_v have_v no_o great_a opinion_n of_o their_o sincerity_n but_o in_o the_o end_n weigh_v that_o to_o make_v a_o show_n of_o believe_v they_o may_v work_v on_o their_o good-nature_n and_o by_o degree_n win_v they_o to_o his_o friendship_n if_o he_o seem_v to_o accept_v their_o tender_v and_o that_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n they_o may_v present_o become_v his_o enemy_n he_o feign_v to_o consent_v to_o their_o proposal_n and_o seem_v as_o they_o do_v dispose_v to_o enter_v into_o term_n of_o friendship_n with_o they_o in_o short_a after_o these_o barbarian_n have_v give_v he_o security_n for_o their_o peaceable_a behaviour_n supply_v his_o army_n with_o provision_n and_o that_o they_o converse_v among_o the_o carthaginian_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o freedom_n and_o confidence_n hannibal_n begin_v to_o have_v a_o better_a opinion_n of_o their_o sincerity_n and_o accept_v their_o service_n for_o his_o guide_n through_o the_o many_o remain_v difficult_a way_n by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v howbeit_o after_o they_o have_v thus_o conduct_v the_o army_n for_o two_o day_n together_o they_o assemble_v at_o length_n all_o into_o one_o body_n and_o attack_v the_o rear_n at_o a_o defile_v or_o straight_a passage_n as_o they_o be_v march_v in_o a_o valley_n full_a of_o rock_n and_o break_a ground_n great_a likelihood_n there_o be_v that_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n have_v here_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o be_v entire_o destroy_v have_v not_o their_o general_n who_o reserve_v a_o secret_a doubt_n of_o the_o well-meaning_a of_o this_o people_n obviate_v the_o mischief_n of_o this_o treasonable_a purpose_n of_o they_o by_o order_v his_o horse_n and_o baggage_n to_o march_v in_o the_o van_n of_o the_o army_n and_o his_o choice_a foot_n to_o sustain_v the_o rear_n but_o have_v dispose_v matter_n after_o this_o manner_n his_o loss_n become_v less_o grievous_a for_o his_o foot_n in_o the_o arrearguard_n prove_v sufficient_a to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o attempt_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v not_o without_o great_a loss_n both_o of_o man_n and_o horse_n and_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o ground_n above_o they_o bring_v such_o terror_n into_o the_o army_n by_o roll_a down_n mighty_a stone_n and_o rock_n from_o the_o precipice_n upon_o they_o and_o shower_v volley_n of_o stone_n on_o their_o head_n that_o hannibal_n be_v compel_v to_o take_v up_o his_o quarter_n for_o that_o night_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o eminence_n expose_v