the_o case_n of_o the_o quaker_n concern_v oath_n defend_v as_o evangelical_n in_o answer_n to_o a_o book_n entitle_v the_o case_n of_o the_o quaker_n relate_v to_o oath_n state_v by_o j._n s._n because_o of_o swear_v the_o land_n mourn_v jer._n 23._o 10._o print_v in_o the_o year_n 1674._o the_o preface_n reader_n if_o thou_o have_v peruse_v the_o say_a pamphlet_n against_o the_o people_n call_v quaker_n entitle_v the_o case_n of_o the_o quaker_n we_o desire_v thou_o to_o read_v over_o this_o follow_a answer_n but_o if_o thou_o be_v not_o please_v so_o to_o do_v thou_o be_v request_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o equity_n not_o to_o entertain_v prejudice_n nor_o to_o censure_v the_o say_a people_n upon_o the_o mere_a report_n and_o reproach_n of_o their_o adversary_n it_o be_v unjust_a to_o pass_v a_o judgement_n upon_o a_o people_n without_o hear_v they_o upon_o the_o bare_a report_n of_o their_o enemy_n however_o this_o disadvantage_n we_o be_v put_v upon_o in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o world_n that_o our_o enemy_n will_v be_v our_o judge_n and_o that_o at_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o father_n of_o lie_n be_v please_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o while_o our_o adversary_n scoff_v at_o our_o plea_n as_o that_o our_o conscience_n will_v not_o allow_v we_o to_o swear_v he_o say_v we_o actual_o do_v swear_v in_o as_o solemn_a and_o august_n a_o form_n as_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o the_o tongue_n of_o man_n to_o express_v in_o our_o say_n god_n who_o be_v the_o searcher_n of_o heart_n know_v that_o it_o be_v with_o a_o holy_a respect_n etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o he_o do_v not_o only_o render_v we_o to_o contradict_v our_o own_o doctrine_n but_o also_o in_o like_a manner_n represent_v the_o apostle_n paul_n as_o frequent_o confirm_v his_o say_n with_o a_o oath_n in_o these_o and_o such_o expression_n god_n be_v my_o witness_n i_o say_v the_o truth_n in_o christ_n i_o lie_v not_o the_o god_n and_o father_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n know_v that_o i_o lie_v not_o etc._n etc._n which_o be_v in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o saint_n and_o not_o formal_a swear_v on_o the_o four_o evangelist_n before_o the_o magistrate_n howbeit_o he_o be_v mistake_v in_o his_o reckon_a these_o and_o such_o like_a word_n a_o most_o solemn_a and_o august_a form_n of_o actual_a swear_v and_o what_o can_v he_o argue_v from_o hence_o but_o that_o paul_n most_o high_o swear_v in_o his_o epistle_n upon_o a_o sacred_a account_n therefore_o we_o ought_v to_o swear_v before_o ruler_n in_o court_n which_o follow_v not_o though_o he_o reckon_v we_o do_v swear_v in_o say_v god_n know_v but_o do_v not_o persuade_v the_o magistrate_n to_o accept_v of_o it_o for_o a_o oath_n but_o rather_o vilify_v we_o however_o herein_o we_o be_v not_o of_o his_o mind_n that_o either_o the_o apostle_n or_o primitive_a christian_n do_v swear_v or_o hold_v it_o lawful_a for_o we_o make_v a_o difference_n between_o earnest_a affirmation_n and_o swear_v and_o they_o do_v real_o speak_v the_o truth_n in_o christ_n unto_o which_o god_n be_v witness_n and_o this_o be_v in_o a_o state_n so_o near_o relate_v to_o god_n as_o that_o of_o be_v in_o christ_n wherein_o they_o can_v neither_o speak_v nor_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o truth_n but_o the_o state_n of_o the_o jew_n under_o the_o law_n be_v much_o inferior_a to_o this_o wherein_o their_o swear_v by_o the_o lord_n as_o the_o chief_a judge_n and_o revenger_n of_o falsehood_n and_o injury_n be_v in_o a_o more_o remote_a state_n when_o they_o formal_o bind_v themselves_o by_o a_o oath_n or_o conditional_a curse_n which_o be_v a_o bond_n upon_o their_o soul_n when_o they_o fear_v it_o as_o few_o do_v now_o who_o be_v in_o the_o swear_v nature_n but_o there_o be_v no_o need_n for_o the_o true_a christian_n in_o christ_n to_o use_v imprecation_n or_o to_o pronounce_v any_o conditional_a curse_n against_o themselves_o to_o bind_v their_o soul_n and_o we_o have_v not_o so_o learned_a christ_n as_o thus_o to_o swear_v or_o curse_v but_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n in_o christ_n unto_o which_o god_n be_v witness_n which_o be_v not_o to_o swear_v the_o truth_n in_o christ_n nor_o to_o bind_v our_o soul_n with_o a_o implicit_a curse_n in_o his_o name_n know_v also_o that_o the_o penalty_n from_o god_n of_o all_o liar_n be_v the_o lake_n of_o misery_n as_o well_o as_o of_o false_a swearer_n for_o where_o do_v the_o apostle_n paul_n say_v i_o swear_v the_o truth_n in_o christ_n howbeit_o if_o otherwise_o our_o conscience_n as_o to_o our_o simple_a affirmation_n or_o denial_n in_o yea_o or_o nay_o be_v question_v we_o have_v propose_v to_o those_o in_o power_n thus_o that_o we_o desire_v and_o request_n that_o you_o will_v be_v please_v to_o enact_v and_o provide_v that_o in_o stead_n and_o place_n thereof_o as_o the_o case_n may_v require_v our_o yea_o and_o nay_o may_v be_v accept_v and_o take_v and_o if_o we_o break_v our_o yea_o and_o our_o nay_o which_o be_v christ_n solemn_a form_n of_o sound_a word_n and_o which_o be_v his_o gospel_n command_n which_o we_o stand_v to_o and_o for_o then_o let_v we_o suffer_v the_o same_o penalty_n as_o they_o that_o can_v swear_v and_o break_v their_o oath_n this_o we_o have_v leave_v to_o the_o serious_a consideration_n of_o those_o in_o power_n and_o not_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o malicious_a man_n such_o as_o our_o opposer_n who_o like_o a_o busy_a body_n have_v vain_o spend_v his_o labour_n against_o we_o this_o be_v write_v on_o behalf_n and_o in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o people_n of_o god_n call_v quaker_n and_o their_o evangelical_n testimony_n by_o some_o who_o be_v lover_n of_o the_o say_a people_n and_o the_o soul_n of_o all_o men._n the_o case_n of_o the_o quaker_n concern_v oath_n defend_v as_o evangelical_n etc._n etc._n section_n i._n of_o the_o nature_n and_o extent_n of_o oath_n not_o a_o property_n of_o true_a christian_n let_v the_o serious_a reader_n judge_n whether_o our_o opposer_n j._n s._n have_v take_v a_o christian_a way_n and_o method_n to_o convince_v we_o of_o error_n or_o not_o by_o vilify_a and_o rail_a call_v we_o monster_n of_o man_n impudent_a obstinate_a and_o reprobate-minded_n man_n as_o in_o his_o second_o and_o six_o page_n and_o on_o serious_a examination_n of_o his_o matter_n we_o shall_v find_v it_o as_o ineffectual_a for_o the_o same_o end_n as_o in_o his_o first_o argument_n to_o prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o swear_v he_o instance_v paul_n saying_n god_n be_v my_o witness_n rom._n 1._o 9_o i_o say_v the_o truth_n in_o christ_n i_o lie_v not_o my_o conscience_n also_o bear_v i_o witness_n in_o the_o holy_a ghost_n rom._n 9_o 1._o together_o with_o 2_o cor._n 1._o 23._o chap._n 11._o 37._o gal._n 1._o 20._o phil._n 1._o 8._o 1_o thess._n 2._o 10._o you_o be_v witness_n and_o god_n also_o and_o these_o form_n of_o speech_n he_o say_v be_v sacred_a oath_n and_o that_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o oath_n in_o the_o common_a notion_n of_o mankind_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o calling_n god_n to_o witness_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o we_o say_v p._n 2._o it_o appear_v that_o he_o vary_v and_o be_v confound_v about_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o oath_n for_o one_o while_o he_o say_v it_o be_v the_o invocation_n of_o god_n name_n a_o most_o solemn_a invocation_n of_o the_o divine_a majesty_n another_o while_o it_o be_v the_o denounce_v of_o a_o curse_n p._n 4._o another_o while_n a_o man_n calling_n god_n for_o a_o witness_n against_o his_o soul_n dare_v he_o to_o his_o face_n challenge_v the_o divine_a vengeance_n to_o do_v its_o worst_a in_o case_n he_o swear_v false_o p._n 13._o now_o reader_n be_v please_v to_o observe_v first_o his_o variation_n and_o contradiction_n between_o his_o say_n a_o oath_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o calling_n god_n to_o witness_v and_o the_o pronounce_v of_o a_o curse_n dare_v god_n to_o his_o face_n challenge_v divine_a vengeance_n to_o do_v its_o worst_a as_o for_o the_o first_o we_o can_v be_v convince_v that_o it_o make_v up_o a_o formal_a oath_n among_o christian_n to_o who_o testimony_n god_n be_v witness_n as_o he_o be_v to_o paul_n as_o for_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v more_o than_o a_o oath_n and_o savour_v of_o high_a presumption_n unbecoming_a a_o christian-spirit_n either_o to_o dare_v god_n to_o his_o face_n or_o challenge_v divine_a vengeance_n beside_o if_o those_o very_a word_n of_o paul_n god_n be_v my_o witness_n make_v up_o a_o formal_a oath_n by_o he_o than_o we_o ask_v if_o his_o say_n my_o conscience_n bear_v i_o witness_n and_o you_o be_v witness_n do_v not_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n make_v up_o a_o formal_a oath_n by_o his_o conscience_n and_o by_o those_o saint_n to_o who_o he_o write_v
and_o be_v not_o this_o most_o gross_o to_o charge_n paul_n with_o transgression_n both_o of_o law_n and_o gospel_n whereas_o in_o a_o formal_a oath_n as_o make_v among_o man_n there_o be_v first_o swear_v by_o the_o great_a god_n intend_v second_o a_o imprecation_n or_o curse_n contain_v three_o some_o ceremony_n or_o sign_n use_v book_n beside_o the_o bare_a word_n of_o invocate_a or_o call_v upon_o god_n or_o so_o help_v i_o god_n for_o that_o the_o same_o invocation_n may_v as_o well_o be_v use_v without_o a_o oath_n even_o in_o our_o pray_n for_o god_n help_n and_o assistance_n the_o word_n so_o help_v i_o god_n or_o i_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v may_v be_v use_v without_o any_o intent_n of_o swear_v as_o well_o as_o in_o a_o oath_n in_o desire_v his_o help_n and_o simple_o as_o own_v he_o for_o witness_n to_o the_o truth_n speak_v in_o christ_n which_o as_o such_o be_v not_o a_o oath_n but_o when_o thus_o intend_v juratur_fw-la viz._n so_o let_v i_o have_v or_o want_v the_o help_n of_o god_n according_a as_o i_o speak_v the_o truth_n or_o so_o let_v god_n be_v witness_n or_o judge_v for_o or_o against_o i_o in_o this_o latter_a sense_n be_v a_o oath_n imply_v a_o curse_n as_o let_v god_n be_v witness_n or_o judge_n against_o i_o if_o i_o speak_v not_o the_o truth_n but_o the_o bare_a word_n so_o god_n help_v i_o or_o god_n be_v my_o witness_n or_o god_n know_v i_o speak_v the_o truth_n in_o christ_n i_o lie_v not_o can_v be_v a_o swear_v nor_o a_o formal_a oath_n without_o a_o intention_n thereof_o or_o of_o a_o imprecation_n or_o execration_n employ_v 24._o as_o of_o old_a some_o time_n a_o oath_n of_o curse_v be_v use_v among_o the_o jew_n 28._o and_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o oath_n and_o several_a way_n or_o ceremony_n express_v formal_a swear_v as_o among_o the_o heathen_a lay_v the_o hand_n upon_o the_o altar_n and_o swear_v by_o the_o god_n 29._o abraham_n servant_n put_v his_o hand_n under_o his_o thigh_n the_o angel_n lift_v up_o the_o hand_n towards_o heaven_n among_o the_o profess_a christian_n a_o lay_v the_o hand_n upon_o a_o bible_n and_o kiss_v it_o or_o swear_v upon_o the_o four_o evangelist_n according_a to_o the_o pope_n imposition_n however_o we_o take_v the_o last_o as_o the_o magistrate_n general_a sense_n of_o a_o oath_n the_o definition_n thereof_o be_v not_o so_o much_o the_o matter_n in_o controversy_n as_o the_o lawfulness_n or_o unlawfulness_n of_o swear_v among_o christian_n his_o instance_n that_o jacob_n swear_v by_o the_o fear_n of_o his_o father_n isaac_n prove_v not_o that_o laban_n simple_o say_v god_n be_v witness_n make_v up_o a_o formal_a oath_n see_v he_o also_o say_v this_o heap_n viz._n of_o stone_n be_v witness_n between_o i_o and_o thou_o see_v gen._n 31._o will_v any_o presume_v to_o say_v that_o he_o swear_v by_o the_o heap_n of_o stone_n which_o be_v a_o witness_n or_o a_o memorial_n his_o accuse_v st._n paul_n notwithstanding_o christ_n prohibition_n that_o he_o do_v frequent_o confirm_v his_o say_n with_o a_o oath_n be_v both_o a_o gross_a abuse_n of_o paul_n and_o contradict_v this_o man_n confess_v that_o he_o deliver_v the_o truth_n with_o great_a demonstration_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o of_o power_n and_o that_o by_o manifestation_n of_o the_o truth_n he_o commend_v himself_o to_o every_o man_n conscience_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o god_n 1_o cor._n 2._o 4_o 13._o 2_o cor._n 4._o 2._o sure_o the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o manifestation_n of_o the_o truth_n be_v not_o swear_v to_o every_o man_n conscience_n for_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o swear_v where_o the_o truth_n be_v so_o manifest_a among_o the_o saint_n but_o to_o say_v that_o paul_n do_v frequent_o confirm_v his_o say_n with_o a_o oath_n render_v he_o both_o of_o very_o little_a power_n manifestation_n or_o credit_n as_o a_o minister_n of_o christ_n among_o his_o saint_n and_o church_n none_o of_o they_o except_v and_o they_o also_o to_o have_v as_o little_a knowledge_n and_o confidence_n of_o paul_n and_o his_o testimony_n further_o he_o vary_v between_o say_v god_n be_v witness_n and_o man_n call_v he_o for_o a_o record_n against_o their_o soul_n where_o he_o bring_v augustine_n for_o a_o proof_n that_o paul_n swear_v in_o these_o word_n if_o so_o augustine_n be_v not_o constant_a to_o himself_o nor_o with_o other_o father_n particular_o basil._n on_o psal._n 14._o pag._n 155._o of_o his_o work_n impr_fw-la at_o paris_n 1618._o where_o he_o say_v there_o be_v some_o speech_n which_o have_v the_o form_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v not_o oath_n but_o be_v remedy_n for_o the_o hearer_n as_o the_o apostle_n to_o the_o corinthian_n willing_a to_o show_v his_o love_n say_v yea_o or_o by_o your_o rejoice_v etc._n etc._n for_o he_o be_v not_o disobedient_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o gospel_n who_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o gospel_n but_o he_o give_v a_o small_a word_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o oath_n that_o their_o rejoice_v be_v most_o desirous_a to_o he_o he_o show_v by_o such_o a_o manner_n of_o speech_n thus_o far_o basil_n though_o we_o know_v the_o particle_n by_o be_v not_o always_o a_o note_n of_o swear_v in_o his_o second_o argument_n he_o grant_v that_o justice_n may_v be_v administer_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o gospel_n by_o the_o testimony_n of_o two_o or_o three_o witness_n mat._n 18._o 16._o but_o not_o of_o one_o without_o a_o oath_n as_o take_v in_o god_n to_o witness_v with_o he_o where_o there_o be_v but_o one_o witness_n as_o in_o the_o case_n instance_a ex_v 22._o 10_o 11._o however_o that_o testimony_n of_o two_o or_o three_o witness_n may_v decide_v a_o controversy_n without_o a_o oath_n and_o where_o there_o be_v but_o one_o faithful_a witness_n god_n be_v witness_n with_o he_o and_o for_o he_o therein_o and_o have_v a_o witness_n for_o he_o in_o man_n conscience_n and_o the_o lawmaker_n to_o who_o we_o have_v apply_v and_o not_o to_o such_o busy_a opposer_n as_o this_o agent_n against_o we_o have_v power_n to_o make_v provision_n for_o such_o a_o one_o as_o can_v for_o conscience_n sake_n swear_v that_o his_o testimony_n may_v be_v take_v instead_o of_o a_o oath_n especial_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o undergo_v the_o same_o penalty_n that_o be_v due_a to_o perjure_a person_n if_o he_o be_v find_v false_a in_o his_o testimony_n as_o we_o have_v propose_v however_o this_o opposer_n take_v little_a notice_n thereof_o and_o many_o in_o authority_n have_v confess_v our_o proposition_n therein_o to_o be_v fair_a and_o sufficient_a and_o not_o at_o all_o tend_v to_o obstruct_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n nor_o to_o patronize_v injustice_n as_o be_v most_o false_o insinuate_v against_o we_o pag._n 3._o in_o his_o three_o argument_n he_o assert_n that_o the_o spirit_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o old_a testament_n prophet_n do_v commend_v swear_v by_o god_n as_o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o his_o elect_a servant_n in_o the_o christian-church_n after_o his_o rejection_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o choose_v the_o gentile_n answ._n we_o deny_v this_o assumption_n that_o they_o do_v so_o commend_v swear_v as_o a_o practice_n to_o continue_v in_o the_o christian-church_n among_o jew_n and_o gentile_n for_o christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n prohibition_n of_o swear_v at_o all_o either_o by_o heaven_n or_o earth_n or_o any_o other_o oath_n be_v of_o a_o universal_a extent_n to_o both_o jew_n and_o gentile_n that_o come_v to_o be_v of_o the_o christian-church_n both_o forbid_v such_o swear_v as_o the_o jew_n of_o old_a time_n use_v under_o the_o law_n viz._n by_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o apostate_n jew_n and_o gentile_n swear_v by_o idol_n or_o the_o creature_n or_o any_o oath_n whatsoever_o he_o attempt_v to_o prove_v his_o assumption_n from_o isa._n 56._o 15._o and_o you_o shall_v leave_v your_o name_n for_o a_o curse_n to_o my_o choose_a that_o be_v say_v he_o the_o people_n that_o i_o shall_v choose_v from_o among_o the_o gentile_n shall_v use_v your_o name_n in_o execration_n when_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o denounce_v a_o curse_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o he_o bring_v to_o prove_v swear_v a_o practice_n to_o continue_v among_o god_n elect_a servant_n in_o the_o christian-church_n and_o so_o he_o will_v persuade_v they_o not_o only_o to_o swear_v contrary_a to_o christ_n command_n but_o to_o use_v execration_n and_o to_o denounce_v a_o curse_n when_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n as_o he_o suppose_v which_o be_v contrary_a to_o christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n doctrine_n who_o teach_v the_o elect_n to_o bless_v those_o that_o curse_v they_o and_o to_o bless_v and_o curse_v not_o for_o to_o bless_v god_n and_o curse_n man_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v in_o his_o four_o
suffer_v under_o verus_n the_o emperor_n ann._n 170._o eus._n l._n 4._o c._n 14_o 15._o eâ—e_n chro._n 567._o to_o our_o say_n that_o he_o be_v demand_v to_o swear_v by_o the_o emperor_n be_v good_a fortune_n or_o caesar_n be_v prosperity_n he_o absolute_o deny_v and_o say_v he_o be_v a_o christian_a j._n s._n answer_n they_o interpret_v good_a fortune_n by_o prosperity_n or_o as_o if_o this_o martyr_n can_v not_o swear_v by_o the_o emperor_n be_v good_a fortune_n but_o by_o his_o prosperity_n but_o for_o that_o he_o have_v leave_v we_o to_o seek_v for_o a_o proof_n he_o add_v eusebius_n in_o the_o place_n quote_v have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o the_o translation_n render_v jurare_fw-la per_fw-la caesaris_fw-la genium_fw-la swear_v by_o the_o genius_n the_o good_a daemon_n or_o good_a fortune_n of_o caesar_n which_o form_n of_o oath_n polycarpus_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n of_o martyr_n refuse_v to_o take_v because_o that_o which_o the_o gentile_n stilâ—d_v genij_fw-la the_o christian_n know_v to_o be_v devil_n a_o daughty_n argument_n polycarpus_n will_v not_o swear_v by_o a_o heathenish_a goddess_n or_o their_o god_n who_o be_v devil_n therefore_o christian_n must_v not_o swear_v by_o the_o true_a god_n reply_v this_o he_o call_v a_o daughty_n argument_n be_v none_o of_o we_o but_o his_o own_o consequence_n unjust_o deduce_v against_o we_o for_o we_o be_v that_o polycarpus_n refuse_v to_o swear_v as_o the_o heathen_a require_v because_o he_o be_v a_o christian_a for_o conrcience_n sake_n but_o j._n s._n think_v this_o not_o enough_o to_o prove_v that_o he_o refuse_v to_o swear_v by_o the_o true_a god_n and_o as_o he_o have_v not_o prove_v this_o so_o we_o do_v not_o think_v that_o he_o have_v prove_v or_o can_v prove_v that_o polycarpus_n either_o can_v swear_v or_o proffer_v to_o swear_v by_o the_o true_a god_n for_o that_o be_v not_o require_v of_o he_o therefore_o it_o be_v enough_o for_o he_o to_o refuse_v all_o the_o swear_v that_o they_o require_v and_o not_o to_o tell_v they_o he_o can_v not_o swear_v by_o the_o true_a god_n for_o that_o be_v not_o the_o matter_n he_o be_v call_v upon_o it_o be_v true_a that_o polycarpus_n and_o those_o christian-martyr_n refuse_v to_o swear_v by_o the_o good_a fortune_n of_o caesar_n which_o be_v as_o we_o cite_v before_o 2._o but_o why_o make_v this_o man_n such_o a_o difference_n between_o the_o good_a fortune_n of_o caesar_n or_o caesar_n prosperity_n he_o tell_v we_o p._n 20._o that_o tertullian_n assure_v we_o that_o the_o primitive_a christian_n who_o suffer_v under_o the_o pagan_a persecution_n who_o will_v not_o swear_v by_o the_o genij_fw-la of_o the_o emperor_n have_v swear_v by_o the_o health_n of_o the_o emperor_n tertull._n apolog._n c._n 32._o whatever_o tertullian_n say_v of_o those_o christian_n it_o do_v not_o invalidate_v our_o particular_a instance_n of_o polycarpus_n who_o be_v a_o more_o eminent_a martyr_n and_o clear_a in_o his_o testimony_n then_o many_o other_o for_o what_o be_v more_o plain_a in_o ecclesiastical_a history_n then_o that_o some_o christian-martyr_n exceed_v many_o of_o the_o more_o weak_a christian_n both_o in_o their_o courage_n valour_n patience_n nobility_n and_o clearness_n in_o bear_v their_o testimony_n and_o we_o do_v not_o say_v that_o all_o the_o former_a christian_n martyr_n and_o father_n since_o the_o apostle_n day_n refuse_v to_o swear_v as_o we_o do_v but_o many_o do_v and_o therefore_o say_v we_o have_v of_o many_o more_o give_v some_o instance_n and_o testimony_n of_o such_o primitive_a christian-martyr_n and_o father_n etc._n etc._n the_o case_n p._n 9_o and_o also_o it_o be_v confess_v that_o the_o christian_n pray_v for_o the_o emperor_n health_n and_o wish_v caesar_n prosperity_n which_o to_o they_o be_v instead_o of_o a_o great_a oath_n tertull._n ibid._n and_o though_o j._n s._n will_v insinuate_v that_o polycarpus_n do_v not_o refuse_v to_o swear_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o christ_n inhibition_n but_o the_o impiety_n of_o the_o form_n of_o the_o oath_n say_v that_o the_o true_a criterion_n be_v this_o that_o the_o gentile_n will_v have_v have_v the_o martyr_n swear_v by_o the_o idol_n but_o the_o martyr_n will_v not_o swear_v but_o by_o the_o god_n of_o truth_n pag._n 38._o see_v the_o man_n contradiction_n to_o himself_o and_o to_o what_o he_o say_v tertullian_n assure_v we_o viz._n that_o without_o the_o least_o scruple_n of_o conscience_n they_o have_v swear_v by_o the_o health_n of_o the_o emperor_n oh_o strange_a and_o yet_o will_v not_o swear_v but_o by_o the_o god_n of_o truth_n be_v there_o no_o difference_n between_o the_o health_n of_o a_o wicked_a persecute_v emperor_n and_o the_o god_n of_o truth_n if_o polycarpus_n have_v then_o proffer_v according_a to_o j._n s._n his_o account_n of_o those_o martyr_n viz._n by_o the_o eternal_a god_n i_o wish_v or_o pray_v for_o the_o health_n of_o the_o emperor_n or_o else_o if_o this_o will_v not_o have_v please_v his_o persecutor_n when_o they_o urge_v he_o to_o swear_v by_o the_o fortune_n of_o caesar_n he_o have_v then_o answer_v well_o i_o will_v swear_v by_o the_o prosperity_n or_o health_n of_o the_o emperor_n probable_o he_o may_v have_v come_v off_o at_o a_o more_o easy_a rate_n than_o he_o do_v as_o many_o temporizer_n have_v evade_v suffer_v in_o our_o day_n but_o to_o proceed_v with_o polycarpus_n the_o proconsul_n urge_v he_o divers_a time_n to_o swear_v by_o the_o fortune_n of_o caesar_n to_o who_o polycarpus_n answer_v if_o thou_o require_v this_o vainglory_n that_o i_o protest_v the_o fortune_n of_o caesar_n as_o thou_o say_v seign_v thou_o know_v i_o not_o who_o i_o be_o hear_v free_o i_o be_o a_o christian_n and_o if_o thou_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o doctrine_n of_o christianity_n appoint_v the_o day_n and_o thou_o shall_v hear_v it_o the_o proconsul_n command_v the_o beadle_n thrice_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o theatre_n polycarpus_n confess_v himself_o a_o christian_n the_o multitude_n both_o of_o jew_n and_o gentile_n inhabit_v smyrna_n cry_v with_o one_o voice_n that_o polycarpus_n must_v be_v burn_v quick_a upon_o which_o the_o multitude_n forthwith_o carry_v log_n and_o wood_n and_o stick_v out_o of_o their_o shop_n and_o bootk_n but_o especial_o the_o jew_n serve_v prompt_o after_o their_o wont_a manner_n for_o that_o purpose_n etc._n etc._n see_v the_o account_n at_o large_a euseb._n l._n 4._o chap._n 15._o so_o it_o appear_v that_o both_o the_o outrageous_a gentile_n who_o be_v for_o swear_v by_o their_o heathen_a god_n and_o those_o hypocritical_a jew_n who_o be_v command_v to_o swear_v only_o by_o the_o true_a god_n both_o join_v together_o to_o murder_v this_o eminent_a and_o valiant_a christian-martyr_n who_o will_v have_v teach_v the_o proconsul_n the_o christian_a doctrine_n which_o contain_v a_o express_a prohibition_n of_o swear_v and_o who_o refuse_v to_o swear_v by_o the_o good_a fortune_n of_o caesar_n appear_v to_o be_v as_o he_o be_v a_o christian_a from_o christ_n prohibition_n with_o respect_n to_o he_o as_o well_o as_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o impiety_n of_o the_o form_n of_o the_o oath_n itself_o though_o those_o furious_a heathen_n and_o envious_a jew_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o hear_v all_o his_o reason_n on_o that_o account_n consider_v that_o irenaeus_n report_v lib._n 3._o against_o heres_fw-la that_o polycarpus_n be_v not_o only_o instruct_v by_o the_o apostle_n and_o conversant_a with_o many_o who_o see_v christ_n but_o also_o of_o the_o apostle_n ordain_v bishop_n of_o smyrna_n who_o live_v long_o 14._o and_o be_v very_o old_a and_o at_o length_n finish_v this_o life_n with_o most_o glorious_a and_o most_o renown_a martyrdom_n when_o he_o have_v continual_o teach_v that_o which_o he_o learn_v of_o the_o apostle_n and_o that_o he_o convert_v many_o of_o the_o heretic_n unto_o the_o church_n of_o god_n preach_v the_o one_o and_o only_a truth_n receive_v of_o the_o apostle_n to_o which_o we_o add_v it_o be_v not_o then_o probable_a that_o he_o shall_v teach_v the_o jew_n doctrine_n for_o swear_v by_o the_o lord_n either_o to_o god_n or_o man_n much_o less_o that_o he_o teach_v man_n to_o swear_v by_o the_o health_n of_o caesar_n but_o rather_o that_o he_o teach_v they_o as_o christ_n and_o his_o servant_n james_n do_v not_o to_o swear_v at_o all_o by_o heaven_n earth_n or_o any_o other_o oath_n see_v he_o continual_o teach_v that_o which_o he_o have_v learn_v of_o the_o apostle_n 2._o it_o be_v not_o probable_a he_o shall_v so_o plain_o contradict_v the_o apostle_n james_n his_o doctrine_n my_o brethren_n swear_v not_o neither_o by_o heaven_n nor_o by_o earth_n nor_o by_o any_o other_o oath_n as_o to_o say_v my_o brethren_n you_o may_v either_o swear_v by_o god_n that_o you_o wish_v caesar_n prosperity_n or_o otherwise_o you_o may_v swear_v by_o the_o health_n of_o
of_o swear_v if_o the_o name_n of_o god_n be_v but_o mention_v when_o no_o swear_v be_v intend_v nor_o any_o imprecation_n or_o ceremony_n of_o a_o oath_n use_v but_o how_o manifest_o do_v this_o contradict_v his_o grant_n there_o may_v be_v a_o confess_v the_o true_a god_n in_o prayer_n in_o thanksgiving_n etc._n etc._n without_o swear_v in_o his_o count_v such_o confession_n of_o god_n not_o sufficient_a or_o acceptable_a except_o they_o add_v swear_v by_o his_o name_n so_o that_o however_o the_o name_n of_o god_n may_v be_v solemn_o confess_v without_o swear_v and_o if_o on_o some_o weighty_a occasion_n a_o christian_a be_v move_v to_o say_v god_n know_v i_o lie_v not_o god_n be_v my_o witness_n how_o can_v this_o be_v a_o solemn_a oath_n or_o swear_v when_o he_o neither_o intend_v it_o nor_o use_v the_o ceremony_n of_o a_o oath_n nor_o any_o imprecation_n or_o curse_n for_o there_o be_v a_o plain_a difference_n between_o a_o man_n be_v earnest_o appeal_n to_o god_n by_o way_n of_o imprecation_n as_o the_o great_a judge_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n avenger_n of_o injury_n and_o falsehood_n and_o tender_o commit_v or_o resign_v his_o cause_n unto_o god_n that_o he_o may_v discover_v the_o truth_n be_v witness_n thereof_o to_o other_o when_o it_o be_v or_o may_v be_v doubt_v or_o question_v as_o in_o a_o case_n of_o moment_n wherein_o i_o know_v &_o be_o sure_a the_o truth_n be_v on_o my_o side_n while_o other_o may_v doubt_v or_o question_v i_o if_o i_o appeal_v commit_v or_o resign_v my_o cause_n to_o god_n as_o know_v he_o to_o be_v my_o witness_n therein_o it_o be_v single_o with_o a_o desire_n that_o he_o may_v enlighten_v their_o understanding_n &_o bring_v they_o to_o know_v the_o truth_n of_o my_o cause_n and_o for_o that_o end_n i_o both_o trust_v he_o and_o leave_v it_o with_o he_o and_o not_o at_o all_o with_o any_o ceremony_n of_o a_o oath_n nor_o any_o imprecation_n invocate_a of_o god_n for_o witness_n or_o judge_n against_o my_o soul_n for_o what_o need_n of_o that_o when_o i_o know_v i_o be_o clear_a what_o need_v i_o be_v under_o any_o such_o bond_n as_o the_o fear_n of_o a_o curse_n to_o bind_v i_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n whenas_o i_o be_o both_o ascertain_v of_o and_o engage_v in_o the_o truth_n and_o my_o christian-reputation_n and_o soul_n peace_n be_v natural_o concern_v in_o it_o and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n if_o any_o shall_v wilful_o or_o know_o utter_a false_a thing_n without_o bind_v their_o soul_n with_o a_o oath_n or_o conditional_a curse_n that_o will_v not_o hinder_v the_o curse_n judgement_n or_o reward_n of_o false_a swearer_n from_o come_v upon_o they_o nor_o secure_v the_o guilty_a the_o end_n end_n see_v gen._n 24._o 9_o and_o 47._o 29_o 31._o but_o our_o opposer_n have_v bring_v we_o no_o scripture_n for_o kiss_v and_o lay_v the_o hand_n on_o a_o book_n book_n juramentum_fw-la aliquod_fw-la ment_fw-la juratur_fw-la num._n 5._o 24._o 1_o sam._n 14._o 28._o 28._o jurare_fw-la arras_n hor._n gen._n 24._o 2._o &_o 47._o 29._o chrysost._n tom._n 1._o hom._n 17._o on_o mat._n 5._o oecumen_fw-la on_o jam._n 5._o pag._n 136._o hilary_n comment_n on_o mat._n canon_n 4._o on_o mat._n 5._o 34._o see_v the_o various_a readins_n in_o walton_n and_o the_o critic_n critic_n all_o of_o they_o do_v not_o so_o swear_v see_v gen._n 24._o 9_o &_o 31._o 53._o &_o 21._o 23._o &_o 26._o 28._o &_o 47._o 31._o num._n 30._o 2_o 3._o 1_o sam._n 20._o 3_o 17._o 1_o king_n 8._o 31._o &_o 14._o 26._o euseb._n l._n 4._o c._n 14._o eus._n l._n 4._o c._n 14._o euseb._n l._n 3._o c._n 32._o be_v there_o any_o probability_n or_o appearance_n of_o likelihood_n that_o if_o the_o denial_n of_o swear_v have_v not_o be_v a_o receive_a doctrine_n from_o the_o primitive_a christian_n but_o the_o martyr_n for_o the_o first_o three_o hundred_o year_n have_v swear_v all_o along_o that_o the_o famous_a father_n in_o the_o succeed_a age_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n which_o be_v the_o less_o degenerate_v as_o chryâ—ostuâ—m_n basil_n hilary_n etc._n etc._n shall_v bring_v it_o in_o as_o a_o revive_a doctrine_n against_o that_o which_o have_v be_v practise_v several_a age_n without_o mention_n of_o the_o maintainer_n or_o abettor_n of_o the_o contrary_a and_o origen_n justin_n martyr_n etc._n etc._n even_o in_o those_o time_n of_o persecution_n testify_v against_o swear_v which_o testimony_n be_v continue_v among_o the_o waldenses_n who_o as_o their_o adversary_n say_v continue_v from_o the_o primitive_a time_n and_o vsserius_n de_fw-fr successione_n cap_n 10._o §._o 2._o ex_fw-la botono_n parmensi_fw-la ci_fw-fr eth_z humiliaâ—i_n in_o nullo_n errabant_fw-la nisi_fw-la quia_fw-la condemnabant_fw-la jurantes_fw-la of_o these_o he_o say_v their_o original_a be_v in_o milan_n they_o be_v reject_v of_o pope_n innocent_a 3._o and_o pope_n lucius_n chap._n 8._o §._o 22._o anno_fw-la 1052._o agennenses_n manichaeâ—s_n radul_a arden_n ita_fw-la insectatur_fw-la tale_n sunt_fw-la hodie_fw-la haeretâ—â—i_fw-la manichai_n quia_fw-la sâ—â—a_fw-la haeresi_fw-la patriam_fw-la agennensem_fw-la maâ—ulaâ—erunt_fw-la qui_fw-la mentiuntur_fw-la se_fw-la vitem_fw-la apostolorum_fw-la tenere_fw-la dicentes_fw-la se_fw-la non_fw-la mentiri_fw-la nec_fw-la omnino_fw-la jurare_fw-la k._n rich._n 2._o anno_fw-la 1391._o they_o be_v about_o ann._n 1200._o morl._n hist._n pag._n 217_o 218._o erasm._n para_fw-it on_o jam._n 5._o 12._o august_n on_o psal._n 88_o august_n de_fw-fr mendacio_fw-la an._n 1176._o act._n mon._n iâ—v_n f._n 623._o fol._n 653._o fol._n 625._o