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A13839 A synopsis or compendium of the fathers, or of the most famous and ancient doctors of the Church, as also of the schoolmen Wherein is clearely shewed how much is to be attributed to them, in what severall times they lived, with what caution they are to be read, and which were their perfections, which their errors. A treatise most necessary, and profitable to young divines, and delightfull to all such whose studies in humanity take from them the leisure, though not the desire of reading the fathers; whose curiosity this briefe surveigh of antiquity will in part satisfie. Written in Latin by that reverend and renowned divine, Daniel Tossanus, chiefe Professor of Divinity in the University of Heidelberge, and faithfully Englished by A.S. Gent.; Synopsis de patribus. English Tossanus, Daniel, 1541-1602.; Stafford, Anthony. 1635 (1635) STC 24145; ESTC S118496 31,571 108

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Scriptures which neglected they shall grope like one blinde in the darke and saile in a wide Sea without either North-Starre or Compasse Another Caution ought to bee that though the authority and consent of the Fathers in the Truth doe much confirme and comfort yet Faith is onely to bee builded upon the Apostolicall and Propheticall Scriptures as a foundation most firme For the Scripture as the only Queene and Empresse as Luther is used to say ought to have the soveraigne Command The third Caution is that in reading the Fathers wee doe not imitate those flatterers of ●ionisius Siculu who licking up the Tyrants spittle affirmed it to bee sweeter than Nectar To these I may liken such as without any exception embrace and magnifie indifferently all the Writings and Sayings of the Fathers These are the points about which at this day we combat the Iesuites the stoutest Champions the Pope hath and not as they labour to perswade the vulgar about the Fathers themselves or reverent Antiquity as if wee did plainely reiect them and after the Athenian manner were delighted with the novelties of Newes-tellers For first wee recall them to true Antiquity which is to be derived from the ancient of dayes and his revelations that so wee may refuse and condemne as new whatsoever Christ hath not taught us as Saint Ambrose adviseth us lib. 1. Officior Next wee distinguish betweene the ages of the Church and betweene Father and Father and demonstrate in one and the same Father what is authenticall what erroneous irreptitious and inserted by the Monkes Moreover when wee enquire after the Church we doe not seeke the degenerate and adulterate but the chast and holy Spouse of Christ And why may not wee say the same of the Roman Church at this day that Cicero in his Oration for his house said of the Roman people An tu populum Romanum esse putas qui constat ex iis qui mercede conducuntur qui impelluntur ut vim adferant magistrastibus optant quotidiè praecipiti furore caedem incendia rapinas O speciem dignitatis populi Romani quam scilicet reges quam nationes ex terrae quam gentes ultimae pertimescunt Dost thou thinke saith hee that to be the people of Rome which consisteth of those that are mercenary who are ready to offer violence to Magistrates that desire daily with a desperate fury fire rapes and slaughter Othe goodly dignity of the Roman people whom Kings forreigne Nations and the most remote inhabitants of the earth doe feare Wee doe indeed much esteeme that Roman Church whose faith is preached through the whole world we likewise reverence those Fathers and Bishops which are not commended to us by the onely authority and Canonization of Popes but by their owne purity of Doctrine Innocency of life and constancy in Martyrdome But it is well the Iesuits so distrust their owne cause that they dare not stand to the decision of the sacred Scriptures nor of the Fathers themselves except they bee mutilated and altered according to their will and deformed with many suppositious bookes Their Impudency this way clearely appeareth in their Index Expurgatorius not long since here published out of all which wee may easily collect that they retaine neither shame faith nor conscience nor any thing authenticke either in the Scriptures or Fathers but onely what is appropriated to their superstition and will-worship of Images Now most loving Auditors because it is much materiall to the Students in Divinity though all have not the meanes and faculty of reading the Fathers at least to know what is to be iudged and determined of them in generall and which were the most famous Fathers and Scholasticall Authors as also with what iudgment choyce they are to be read I thinke it wil neither be a service unacceptable nor unprofitable if in the end of these dogge-dayes and before the Mart now at hand I instruct you in the premises and contract the whole matter into as it were a Synopsis or abridgement Errata Page 2. line 3. read it●● p. 5. l. 4. r. litera● p. 8. l. 8. r. Academicorum p. 11. l. penu●● r. ●●lle p. 14. l. 1. r. Canon law p. 19. l. 13. r. A Doctrina p. 23. l. 13 r. Constantinople p. 24. l. 11. f. preiudice r. produce p. 27. l. 14. r. quantum p. 70 l. 12. r. Lazarum p. 71. l. 10. r. Masse p. 77. l. 2. r. taught p. 67. l. 7. r. Nestorius p. 71. l. 3. f. shall r. doth p. 72. l. 19. r. it is told u● p. 74. r. French p. 76. l. penult f. upon Bookes r. upon the sacred Writ A SYNOPSIS OR COMPENDIVM of the Fathers or of the most Famous and Ancient Doctors of the Church as also of the Schoole-men Generall Aphorismes containing certaine Rules by which we may judge in reading of the Fathers of their true Antiquity and Purity together with the Solutions of some Objections Aphorisme 1. THat true Antiquity is to bee sought after and magnified is the Common Tenent of all Pious People 2. For it is manifest that the Christian Religion is the most Ancient as deriving it Testimonies from the very beginning of the world 3. But this is not to be esteemed true Antiquity to understand Quid hic aut ille ante nos fecerit aut docuerit sed quid is qui ante omnes est Christus et qui solus via est veritas et vita à cujus praeceptis nullo modo recedendum est What this or that man did or taught before us but what he did who was before all even Christ himselfe who onely is the Way the Truth and the Life from whose Precepts wee ought not to digresse as saith Saint Cyprian ad Caecil lib. 2. epist 3. 4. Omnis quippe Antiquitas ct consuctudo sine veritate nihil aliud nisi Err●ris vetustas censenda est So that all Antiquity and Custome not grounded on the Truth is to bee accounted no other than an Ancient Errour as the same Saint Cyprian piously writeth to Pomp. against the Epistle of Stephanus 5. But the Ancient Truth God taught us by his Prophets and Apostles who though in condition they were men and indeed sinners yet in Doctrine which was revealed to them supernaturally by the holy Ghost not by the will of man wee know them rightly to bee fellow-Witneffes Ephes 2. 20. 2 Pet. 1. 20. 6. The Perfection of the Scriptures is easily proved by these two Arguments First That they are sufficient to instruct in those things that belong to salvation and to the full knowledge of the Truth Iohn 5. 39. Iohn 20. 30. 2 Tim. 3. 15 16. Secondly Because in Temptations Faith onely finds rest in the Testimonies of the sacred Scriptures having alwayes for its Object the Word of God revealed by the Prophets and Apostles which cannot bee said of any other Writings or Bookes whatsoever 7. To recall us therefore from the manifest Testimonies of the Scriptures to the Writings of