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A18100 The ansvvere of Master Isaac Casaubon to the epistle of the most reuerend Cardinall Peron. Translated out of Latin into English. May 18. 1612; Ad epistolam illustr. et reverendiss. Cardinalis Perronii, responsio. English Casaubon, Isaac, 1559-1614. 1612 (1612) STC 4741; ESTC S107683 37,090 54

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such chiefe points as are necessarie to saluation For there is but one sauing doctrine there is but one way to heauen They are vnited in coniunction of mindes in true charitie and the duties of charitie especially of mutuall prayers Lastly they are vnited in the communion of one hope and expectation of promised inheritance knowing that before the foundations of the world they were predestinate I speake of the elect to be fellow heires and of the same bodie and partakers of the promise of God in Christ through the Gospell as saith the diuine Apostle Yet his Maiestie addes further that the same Church notwithstanding if any member thereof depart from the rule of faith will more esteeme of the loue of truth then the loue of vnitie He knowes that the supreme lawe in the house of God is the sinceritie of celestiall doctrine which if any man forsake he forsakes Christ which is Truth it selfe hee forsakes the Church which is the pillar and establishment of truth and by this meanes ceaseth to appertaine vnto the body of Christ With such Apostates a true Catholike neither will nor can communicate for what concent betwixt Christ and Belial Wherefore the Church will flie from communion with these and wil say with Greg Nazianzen that disagreement for godlinesse is better then ill affected concord Neither will he doubt if need be to say with the same blessed father that there is a holy contention Now that such a necessarie separation should sometimes be in the Church both wee are taught in other places of holie Scripture and that admonition also of the holie Ghost not without cause giuen to the Church doth openly declare saying Goe out of Babylon my people lest you communicate with her sinnes What that Babylon is whereout the people of God are commanded to depart the King disputes not in this place nor affirmes hee any thing concerning it yet thus much the matter it selfe doth plainly shew that whether some priuate Church be vnderstood in that place by the name of Babylon or the greater part of the whole it was before this a true Church with which the religious might religiously communicate but after it was more depraued the religious are commanded to goe out and to breake off communion Whereby it may be easilie vnderstood that not all communion with those that be called Christians is to bee desired of the faithfull but that only which may stand with the integritie of doctrine reuealed from heauen Now to come neerer to the purpose his Maiestie denies those places of S. Augustine to belong at all to him For he affirmes that all those testimonies doe euince this only that there remaines no token of saluation for them which depart from the faith of the Catholike Church or from communion with the same Church Which thing as I said before the King willingly grants But here his Maiestie desires of you most illustrious Cardinall that you would call to minde and perpend what great difference there is betwixt the times of S. Augustine and these of ours How much the Church now called Catholike differs from the ancient how the face of the Church is changed and the outward forme to say nothing of the inward For then the Church Catholike was like a citie seated vpon an hill which as Christ saith cannot be hid knowne to all conspicuous and certaine whereof no sound minde could make question Which was not as the foolish Donatists prated lying I know not where in the South driuen into some corner of the world but diffused farre and wide thorow the whole earth flourishing vnder the Emperours whose dominion extended from the East to the West and from North to South You might see the Bishops of the East and West daily communicating and when need required assisting one another For that which is written in the Constitutions of Clement that the Catholike Church is the charge of all the Bishops and by that meanes that euery one is an Oecumenicall Bishop we wonder now when we reade it neither can wee beleeue it which then daily practise did shew to be most true and may easily be demonstrated out of historie by infinit examples There were then also in frequent vse literae formate that is demissatie or testimoniall letters by commerce whereof and as it were by tokens communion was held amongst the members of the Church although farre remoued by distance of place Furthermore when it stood in neede they had Councels truly Occumenicall not as since we haue seene Occumenicall in name only but indeed assembled out of some Prouinces of Europe And in those ancient times this was the fastest bond whereby all the members of the Catholike Church were knit together in the ioynture of one bodie which bodie was for that cause very eminent conspicuous and in the faire view of all which no man could chuse but know There was one faith one state one body Catholike frequent mutuall visitation wonderfull consent of all the members a wonderfull sympathie Was any man lapsed by heresie or schisme from the communion of any one Church I speake not of any one of the chiefe which were the seates of the foure Patriarchs but of any one much smaller that man as soone as it was knowne was held to be excluded from the communion of the whole Catholike Church For whereas wee meete with some examples obserued to the contrarie that was not right but vsurpation Was any man bold to corrupt the truth a little by being of another opinion it was easie euen for a child to deprehend him Wherefore such a steale-steale-truth being once discouered all the shepheards of the whole world if need was were raised and were neuer quiet vntill they had rooted out this euill and prouided for the securitie of Christs sheepe By these signes and markes the Church at that time was conspicuous but this happinesse continued not many ages For after that the Empire was ouerturned and the forme of the Common-wealth altered there sprung vp many new states differing as well in manners and language as in ordinances and lawes Then vpon the distraction of the Empire followed the distraction of the Catholike Church and by little and little all those things ceased which had been before of singular vse for the preseruation of vnion and communion in the outward Catholike bodie of the Church From that time the Catholike Church hath not ceased to be for it shall continue euer neither shall the gates of hell at any time preuaile against it seeing it is founded vpon Christ the true rock and vpon the faith of Peter and the rest of the Apostles but it began to be lesse manifest being diuided into many parts which as touching externall communion were quite separated from one another Then which is chiefly to be lamented it came to passe by this dissipation that there was lesse strength in the parts then before in the whole bodie to resist the enemie of mankind who is
This alone is now made the article of faith whereon all the rest doe depend Wherefore what hope remaines but in the goodnesse and mercie of God to whom onely it belongeth of right to cure the maladies of his Church in him let vs hope though against hope he will effect it To returne to the purpose the Instances which you bring against the Liturgie of the English Church they be these 1. They beleeue not the reall presence of Christ in the sacred Eucharist 2. They reiect the doctrine of the sacrifice of the Christian Church 3. They pray not for the dead 4. They condemne the inuocation of Saints which are in heauen Vnto these foure his Maiestie answereth in few words To the first Instance concerning reall presence IF in the sacred mysteries of Christian religion the faithfull should bee thought to beleeue nothing but that which they perfitly vnderstand according to the manner then surely they would be found to be vnbeleeuing in many things which now they doubt not but that they do most firmely beleeue That Christ our Lord is the Sonne of God the Father begotten of the Father before all worlds that the same Christ being very God did assume humane flesh in the wombe of the blessed Virgin that hee was borne of her without any violation of the virginitie of this mother that the diuine nature is vnited in the same person with the humane these things I say and the like all Christians doe make profession to beleeue of whom notwithstanding if you demaund the manner how they are done they will answere that faith in matters of Theologie is one thing and humane science is another and they will religiouslie alleage Galen who otherwaies is no good Master of religion whose excellent words in his 15. booke De vsu partium are these How this was done if you enquire you will be taken for one that hath no vnderstanding neither of your owne infirmitie nor of the power of the Creator And as for the Fathers how often they dehort vs from this question of the manner and from curiositie of explaning the manner in diuine mysteries I should be too long if I should goe about to rehearse You know the words of Gregorie Nazianzene in his first oration De Theologia You heare the generation of the Sonne be not curious to know the manner You heare that the holy Ghost proceedeth from the Father be not busie to enquire how and the same author in another place Let the generation of God be honored with silence it is much for thee to haue learned that hee was begotten as for the manner how wee grant it not to be vnderstood by the Angels much lesse by thee Gregorie had to deale with the Arrians those peruerse heretikes whose impious curiositie he goeth not about to satisfie with subtiltie of disputation but forbiddeth them to search into the manner of so great a mysterie and enioyneth them silence Now if his Maiestie and the Church of England doe vse this godly moderation about the mysterie of the sacred Eucharist I pray you who ought to enuie it We reade in the Gospels that our Lord instituting this Sacrament tooke the bread and said This is my body but that our Lord did so much as by one word explane how it was his bodie we doe not reade The Church of England doth religiously beleeue that which she reades and with the same religion she is not inquisitiue into that which she reades not They acknowledge and teach that this is a great mysterie which cannot be comprehended much lesse declared by the facultie of mans wit but concerning the power and efficacie of it their opinion is with all sacred reuerence They command those which come vnto this holie table diligently to search all the secret corners of their consciences to make confession of their sinnes vnto God and if need be to the Priest also They carefully warne the commers that they compose their mindes vnto all humilitie and deuotion they receiue the Communion of the bodie of Christ vpon their knees and they doe not onely diuide the mysticall bread amongst the faithfull in their publike assemblies but they giue it also to those which be towards death pro viatico that is for victuals in their iourney as the Fathers of the Nicene Councell and all antiquitie doe call it Lastly his Maiestie although he would haue his to abstaine from all manner of curiositie yet alloweth also of whatsoeuer the holie Fathers of the first ages haue spoken in the honour of that vnspeakable mysterie Neither doth he reiect the words of the Fathers as transmutation alteration transelementation and such like if they be vnderstood and expounded agreeably to their intention If this doctrine of his Maiestie and the Church of England doe not giue you satisfaction then what remaines but that hee yeeld vnto the opinion of Transubstantiation if he will be friends with you But that is not piously to beleeue the veritie of the thing but with importunate curiositie to decree the manner thereof which the King and his Church will neuer doe will neuer allow But his excellent Maiestie wondreth that whereas your Honour granteth that you require not primarily the beleeuing of Transubstantiation but that there be no doubt of the truth of the presence yet the Church of England hath not satisfied you in this point which in publike writings hath so often auouched her beleefe hereof Wherefore that you may certainly know what is beleeued and what is taught in this Church concerning that matter I haue heere set downe a whole place out of the right reuerend the Lord Bishop of Ely his booke against Cardinall Bellarmine which some few moneths agoe he published Thus he saith in the first chapter Our Sauiour Christ said this is my bodie not after this manner is my bodie whereof the Cardinall is not ignorant vnlesse willingly and wittingly We agree with you concerning the obiect all the strife is about the manner Concerning this is wee beleeue firmely that it is concerning after this manner it is to wit that the bread is transubstantiate into his bodie after what manner it is done whether by or in or vnder or beyond there is not a word in the Gospell and because there is no word therefore we haue reason to banish it from beleefe We number it per aduenture amongst the decrees of the schoole but not amongst the articles of faith That which Durandus is reported to haue said doth not dislike vs we heare the word we perceiue the sound we know not the manner we beleeue the presence we beleeue I say the true presence aswell as you concerning the manner of the presence we doe not vnaduisedly define Nay more we doe not scrupulouslie enquire No more then we doe in Baptisme how the blood of Christ clenseth vs no more then we doe in the incarnation of Christ how the diuine nature is vnited in one person with the humane We