things they value as they now are But I do not think there are any here present concern'd in this Part of my Discourse and therefore shall lengthen it no further Heb. 6.9 I am persuaded better things of you and things that accompany Salvation For your Presence here in the House of God and in the Assembly of Christians makes it reasonable to believe that you are already convinced not only of the Being and Providence of God but likewise of the Truth of the Christian Religion and of the Divine Inspiration and Authority of the Holy Scriptures 2. To you therefore who are Christians I shall now turn my Discourse Heb. 13.22 And I beseech you Brethren suffer the word of Exhortation it is only this Since you have Moses and the Prophets and Christ and his Apostles and believe that they are Messengers sent to you from God to instruct you in his Will receive the Truth and the Law at their Mouths mind what they say and be careful to follow their Directions in all things For even we who have the Scriptures the lively Oracles of God may perish for want of Knowledge as well as they that have them not unless we make that Use of them which they were given for unless we are diligent in reading them and careful to practise what they teach For the Rich Man spoken of in this Parable had the Scriptures but his meer having them did not keep him from Hell And his five surviving Brethren had likewise the Scriptures and yet were then in a fair way of following their Brother to that Place of Torment They had Moses and the Prophets but they did not hear them And this also may be our Case who have not only these but also Christ and his Apostles Preaching to us if we do not hear them for what Advantage can it be to us to have good Instructors if we will not mind what they say if we stop our ears to all their Counsels and Reproofs No Man was ever made a Scholar only by having a good Library in his Possession No Man ever learnt any Art or Science tho' it was never so well taught in any Book only by keeping the Book in his Chamber or carrying it about in his Pocket And as little shall we be the wiser only by having the Holy Scriptures tho' as the Apostle says they are able to make us wise unto Salvation 2 Tim. 3.15 if we do not read and study them with an honest Design to furnish our selves from thence with a stock of useful Knowlege and with a firm Resolution to lead our Lives according to the Directions which they give us Nay so far shall we be from receiving any Advantage only by our having the Holy Scriptures given us and free Liberty allowed us to look into them a Privilege we of this Nation have above most of our Neighbours that if we do not read and study them it will be much the worse for us our Condemnation will be the greater and our Destruction so much the more certain For the Case of those who offend thro' Ignorance when their Ignorance is unaffected is very pitiable and tho' we can't certainly say how God will deal with those who had no clear Revelation of his Will made to them this we may be sure of that God who is a merciful God will deal mercifully with them John 15.22 If I had not come and spoken unto them says our Saviour they had not had Sin But the Case will be quite otherwise with those Luke 12.47 who knew their Master's will and did not do it They as our Saviour says shall be beaten with many Stripes And it will be all one if they did not know it if their Ignorance of it was occasioned by their own fault in neglecting those Means of Knowledge which God has afforded them And much rather if their ignorance of their Duty was affected and chosen that they might Sin with less disturbance of Mind for our Saviour's Judgment in this Case is very plain and 't is his Judgment by which we must stand or fall to all Eternity Joh. iii. 19. This is the Condemnation that Light is come into the World and Men loved Darkness rather than Light because their Deeds were Evil. Having therefore Moses and the Prophets and also Christ and his Apostles continually Preaching to us in the Books of Holy Scripture let us hear them This is both our Duty and our Interest And that our study of the Scripture may be with good success and we may thereby be thoroughly furnished unto all good Work Let us Pray as we are taught by our Church in a most excellent Collect suited to the Subject I have been Discoursing of Blessed Lord who hast caused all Holy Scriptures to be written for our Learning Collect for 2d Sunday in Advent Grant that we may in such wise hear them read mark learn and inwardly digest them that by Patience and Comfort of thy Holy Word we may embrace and ever hold fast the blessed Hope of everlasting Life which thou hast given us in our Saviour Jesus Christ Amen FINIS ERRATA Page 55. line 10. for some read same
No Reason to desire NEW REVELATIONS A SERMON Preach'd at the CATHEDRAL-CHURCH of St. Paul October 7th 1700. BEING The Seventh for the Year 1700 of the LECTURE Founded by the Honourable Robert Boyle Esq By OFSPRING BLACKALL D. D. Rector of St. Mary Aldermary and Chaplain in Ordinary to His MAJESTY LONDON Printed by J. Leake for Walter Kettilby at the Bishop's Head in St. Paul's Church-Yard 1700. St. LUKE XVI 29 30 31. Abraham saith unto him They have Moses and the Prophets let them hear them And he said Nay father Abraham but if one went unto them from the dead they will repent And he said unto him If they hear not Moses and the Prophets neither will they be persuaded though one rose from the dead WHEN I first began to Discourse on these Words I proposed to speak to these three Points I. To shew that the present Standing Revelation of God's Will contain'd in the Books of the Old and New Testament is abundantly sufficient to persuade Men to Repentance if they are not unreasonably blind and obstinate They have Moses and the Prophets I add they have also Christ and his Apostles let them hear them II. To shew that having already such good Grounds of Faith such full Directions for Practice and such strong Motives to Repentance it is an unreasonable Request to desire more Nay Father Abraham but if one went unto them from the dead they will repent And III. Lastly To shew that in case God should condescend to gratifie Men in this unreasonable Desire working every Day new Miracles before their Eyes or sending their deceased Friends to them from the dead to assure them of a future State and to warn them to prepare for it 't is highly probable that very few or none of those who do not believe and are not brought to Repentance by the Preaching and Standing Revelation of the Gospel would be persuaded by this means If they hear not Moses and the Prophets nor Christ and his Apostles neither will they be persuaded tho' one rose from the dead The first of these has been the subject of several former Discourses the second I design to speak to at this time viz. II. To shew that having already such good Grounds of Faith such full Directions for Practice and such strong Motives to Repentance as I have shewn we have in that Standing Revelation of God's Will which is contained in the Holy Scripture it is an unreasonable Request to desire more Nay Father Abraham but if one went unto them from the dead they will repent And the Unreasonableness of the Request which the Rich Man here makes in the behalf of his Brethren viz. That God would be pleased to send one from the dead to preach to them or in general how unreasonable it is for men now a-days to desire or look for more means of Conversion or Motives to Repentance than God has been pleased to afford us in the Standing Revelation of the Gospel will appear if we consider these following things 1. That the Principles of Faith and the Motives to Repentance which we have already being well grounded upon Matters of Fact which have been once already sufficiently prov'd and attested 't is altogether needless that any fresh or further Proof should be given of them and 't is what we never think reasonable to desire in other the like Cases That when God requires us to believe or do any thing and sends a special Messenger to acquaint us with his Will he should grant to this Messenger such Testimonials as are sufficient to satisfie reasonable Men that he is no Impostor but a Teacher sent from God is indeed a thing that may fairly be expected And if God should not do thus we should be excusable in not hearkning to such a Messenger because we could not know whether he was a true or a false Prophet and God does not require neither indeed is it reasonable that we should believe every Pretender to Revelation And the clearest Proof of any Man 's being sent from God to teach us any thing being a Power of doing such Miracles and Mighty Works as are manifestly above the skill and strength of a Man to do it was therefore highly requisite and what might reasonably be look'd for that God should grant such a Power as this to all those whom he has ever inspired with new Light and Commission'd to make any new Revelation of his Will to Mankind And this he has always done He gave this Power to Moses in a large measure because the Matters that Men were to trust him for were many and very considerable He gave it also to some of the succeeding Prophets but in a less measure because their Business for the most part was only to Interpret or to press the Observation of the Law of Moses which had been sufficiently prov'd before And he gave it in the largest measure of all to our Saviour and his Apostles because the Revelation made by them was of Truths very mysterious some of them above the Reach and Comprehension of Humane Reason It was also a Revelation in a manner wholly new even to the Jews themselves and much more to the Gentiles And besides it was a Revelation in many Points to appearance contrary to a former Divine Revelation inasmuch as it ordered the Abolition of many things which had been before enjoyned by divine Authority viz. all the Ritual and Ceremonial Law of Moses And therefore to gain Credit to their Testimony that they were inspired and sent by God to teach such things it was very requisite that they should produce more and more plain and undeniable Testimonials of their divine Mission than Moses himself had done And such Testimonials they had such they did produce working more Miracles and those as I may say more wonderful and Miraculous than Moses and all the Prophets together had wrought before But when these Testimonials had been once fairly produced and examined and by all reasonable Men allowed to be true and sufficient and when Christ and his Apostles had made and published all that Revelation which they were Commissioned to make And when to prevent all misunderstandings of it or mistakes concerning it they had committed it all to Writing and the Men that lived in those times and were capable of enquiring into the Truth of it were well assured that the Books said to be written by the Apostles and Evangelists were indeed theirs and contain'd in substance all the same things and no other which they had before declared by word of Mouth and confirmed by Miracles After this I say when the Divinity of the Revelation was thus once at the first Publishing of it so fully confirmed there was no need that it should be proved any more and all other Proof thereof would have been superfluous because the whole Matter both Doctrine and Proof being once faithfully recorded and those Records well attested there could afterwards be no reasonable Cause to call it
had very good Proof and Evidence of the Truth of the Christian Religion and had they but been of this happy Number they are sure they should not only have believed but also willingly have suffered as much as the Apostles themselves did for Bearing their Testimony to the Truth of those things which they had seen and heard And what now must be done for the Satisfaction of these Men For these have as much Right to a full Satisfaction as any others and by the same Reason that others do expect to be gratified in what they desire these may do so too And therefore in order to their Satisfaction it is necessary that our Saviour should be Born into the World in every Age of it or indeed much oftner and that in every Country at least if not in every Town and Village he should live and Preach and do Miracles and be Crucified and Rise again for that these things have been once done they can't they say believe only upon the Testimony of other Men who say they did see them And therefore by the same Reason if they themselves should see them other Men that should come after or live in other Countries would have as little Cause to believe their Testimony So that for the full satisfaction of all such Doubting Men as these our Saviour must have suffered often since the Beginning of the World and must continue to do so very frequently as long as the World shall last because with some Men nothing but seeing is Believing But that this should be is what I presume none besides themselves can think it reasonable either for Men to ask or for God to grant 4. Lastly The Unreasonableness of desiring any further or additional Proof of the Truth of Religion besides what is already afforded us in the Standing Revelation of the Holy Scripture will farther appear by considering our own Interest in being convinced and persuaded of the Truth of Religion by such Arguments and Motives as are in themselves sufficient for that purpose altho' they be not so very strong and forcible as we could wish they were And this Argument I shall handle in the way of Reproof and a just and seasonable Reproof I think it to such bold and presuming Persons as I have been now speaking of who will needs stand upon their Terms with Almighty God and will not be persuaded to Believe and Repent but just by such Reasons and such Motives as they themselves shall be pleased to require Tell not us say they of Moses and the Prophets and of things that were done a great while ago we know not when We 'll have fresh Revelations and new Miracles or Messengers from the Dead or else we will not Believe and Repent that we are resolv'd on Very well Then I say you may if you will continue still in your Unbelief and Impenitence Nevertheless I would advise you before you fully determine to persist in this Resolution to take a little time to consider seriously whose Interest and Concern it is either that you should Believe or that you should not Believe consider who it is that will be a Gainer or a Sufferer either by the One or by the Other For let me tell you if there be really a Heaven and a Hell and a Judgment and a Life to come 't is not your not believing them that will make them not to be and if these things are true 't is your own Life and Soul that is at Stake and if you are resolv'd to lose both unless you may be Saved your own way you your selves will be the greatest nay you your selves will be the only Sufferers And this is a Consideration that affects the Case very much and makes it very unreasonable to insist upon having such satisfaction in this Case as in some other Cases might not so very unreasonably be desired For if any Man tells me a Story which it is for his Interest I should believe it is his Concern to give me such Assurance of it as I shall require even altho' less than I require would be in all Reason sufficient And therefore if I will not believe one or two Witnesses tho' it may be unreasonable in me not to believe them yet it is his Business and what it behoves him to do to produce if it be possible ten or twenty Witnesses or as many more as I shall ask for And if one sort of Proof tho' in it self it be never so good will not satisfie me it is his part and what he ought in Reason to do if he be able to bring other Proofs of it and so to go on multiplying his Witnesses and his Proofs 'till such time as I shall declare my self fully satisfied And the Reason is because the Loss or Inconvenience will be his and only his in Case he cannot convince me of the Truth of his Relation But now on the other side if the Story which he tells me be true and it be for my Interest and Advantage only not at all for his that I should believe it to be true If I say he will be neither a Gainer nor a Loser whether I believe his Report or whether I do not believe it then if he gives me such Evidence of the Truth of it as is sufficient to convince a Man of Reason he has done enough he has done all that belonged to him as a Friend to do And if after this I make it my Business to cavil at and to except against his Evidence and go about to prescribe to him what sort of Proof he should give me of the Truth of what he relates declaring withal that less or other Proof than just that which I require shall never satisfie me he may justly reject my Suit as unreasonable and condemn me for a Fool that will not see my own Interest nor know when a Friend has done enough And this is exactly our Case God has sent his Son to us with the Promise of Eternal Life and has given us sufficient Assurance of his Divine Mission and thereby of the Truth of that Revelation which he made Now if we will believe this well and good the Profit will be all our own we shall save our own Souls alive But God will receive no Advantage to himself by our Believing his perfect Happiness being not capable of any Increase But if we will not Believe this Testimony that God has given of his Son if we except against his Witnesses and cavil at his Evidence and will not Believe but just upon that very sort of Proof which we our selves are pleas'd to pitch upon why then we may e'en take our own Course we may be Unbelievers still but 't is we only that shall suffer by our Unbelief the Infinite and Essential Happiness of God being as little capable of Diminution as of Advancement And as if we Believe and Repent God will be Glorified in our Salvation so if we will not Believe and Repent he will be
very few or none of those who do not believe and are not brought to Repentance by the Preaching and Standing Revelation of the Gospel would be persuaded by this means If they hear not Moses and the Prophets I add nor Christ and his Apostles neither will they be persuaded tho' one rose from the dead And the Truth of this will I suppose sufficiently appear if these following things be considered 1. That we can't have better or stronger Motives to Obedience and a Holy Life than are already offered in the Holy Scripture to persuade us 2. That the Proof and Evidence already given us of the Truth of Religion is such as cannot be fairly excepted against and that there is no Proof thereof that could be offered but what is liable to Cavils and unreasonable Exceptions 3. That if God should gratifie all Men in this Request the Abundance and Commonness of the Miracles that must then be wrought would go near to destroy the Efficacy and Persuasiveness thereof And Lastly That it is Matter of Fact and Experience that new Miracles have been generally unsuccessful upon those who have not hearkned to nor been convinced by a Standing Revelation of God's Will 1. I say we can't possibly have as to the Matter of them stronger Motives to Obedience and a Holy Life than those which are already offered in the Holy Scripture to persuade us For there we have Life and Death set before us Blessing and Cursing on one Hand the Promise of this Life and of that which is to come and on the other Hand all the Evils that we can justly dread the wrath of him who is a consuming Fire who often punishes Transgressors with remarkable Judgments in this Life and has threatned to all impenitent Sinners Eternal Torments in the next Now if a new Revelation was to be made and we our selves were to contrive the Matter of it what stronger Motives than these could we think of Or if one should come from the dead to Preach to us if Lazarus were sent on purpose to persuade us what could he offer more towards it Could he give us Assurance of any thing better or more desirable than of God's Readiness to forgive us upon our Repentance and of compleat and perfect Happiness both of Body and Soul to all Eternity if we do Repent Or could he threaten any thing more like to deter us from Sin than intolerable and everlasting Misery If not to what Purpose should he be sent to us Or indeed to what Purpose should there be any new Revelation at all For these things are already promised and threatned clearly enough in the Holy Scripture Life and Immortality are already fully brought to Light by the Gospel And if the Hope of Eternal Life and Happiness and if the Dread of Everlasting and Intolerable Torments will not persuade us nothing certainly will or can persuade us All that I think could in any new Revelation be added to that Encouragement that is already given us in Scripture to Virtue and Godliness or to that Discouragement that is therein given as to Vice and Wickedness would be an Assurance that there should be always as remarkable a Difference made by the Providence of God between good and bad Men in this World as we are told in Scripture there will be by his righteous Judgment in that which is to come And a good Assurance given us of this by some new Revelation confirmed by our own constant Observation that it was always well with the Righteous and ill with the Wicked in this World we may think perhaps would do much more towards the Reformation of Mankind than only those Promises and Threatnings of future Happiness or Misery that we meet with in the Scripture have done or are ever like to do And this indeed might be But then 't is to be considered that a new Revelation to this Effect would be inconsistent with the Nature of Religion and would frustrate the Design of God in sending us into this World which was to prove and try us to see whether we love the Lord with all our Heart whether we can believe him for those things which we do not see and whether we are so wise as to prefer a greater future Good before a less that is present a Blessed and Glorious Immortality after this Life before the Pleasures of Sin which are but for a Season For if the Reward of Virtue and the Punishment of Vice were always visible and present there would be no Room left for Faith in God which is a firm Belief of the Truth of his Promises and Threatnings tho' we do not see a present Performance of them Heb. 11.1 Faith as the Apostle defines it is the Substance or (a) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hom. in Loc. confident Expectation of things hoped for the Evidence or (b) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Conviction of things not seen And if all the good things both of this Life and of the next were the certain Portion of Virtue and all the evil things that can be suffered both in this World and in the other were the certain and never-failing Consequence of Sin there would be no room left for a virtuous and wise Choice nay indeed there would be hardly Matter for Choice at all for it can't be conceiv'd that a Creature that has Understanding and a Power of chusing and refusing should knowingly chuse all Misery rather than all Happiness Such a Revelation as this being therefore so evidently inconsistent with the Nature of Faith and Religion and with the Design of God in sending us into this World can't be expected And I say that bating this there can be nothing added to the Matter of the Scripture Revelation From whence therefore it plainly follows that such as are not persuaded by the Gospel Motives to Repentance are not capable of being persuaded by any such Motives as consistently with the Nature of Faith and Religion and Vertue could be offered to them And it can't be supposed that any true divine Revelation should ever offer any Motives to persuade us that are not such But it may be said perhaps that tho' better or stronger Motives to Repentance cannot be offered by any new Revelation than are offered already in Holy Scripture yet we might by a new Revelation have better Assurance given us of the Truth of the Gospel Motives and that if we had 't is very like they would be then more prevailing than they now are And this likewise I believe must be granted But then 't is to be considered that the Nature of Faith and Religion and of that State of Trial which we are now in requires that there should be a reasonable Boundary set to the clearness of that Evidence that is given to Men of the Truth of those Motives whereby they are to be persuaded as well as to the Force and Strength of the Motives themselves Because as I noted in my last Discourse such very clear
any Proposition in Euclid or as the shining of the Sun at Noon for that can't be and I have already given Reasons why if it might it should not be so but it is as clear as such a Matter is capable to be And I dare be bold to say that there is no other Proof of Religion fit to be offered or reasonably to be desired to which a Sceptick might not make as just and plausible Exceptions as he can to the Standing Proofs of Christianity For one single Miracle done in his own Presence would be nothing near so convincing as the many Miracles wrought by Christ and his Apostles were of some or other of which there were more than ten thousand Witnesses And if he can suppose that so many were deceived in plain Matters of Sense he may much rather suppose that he a single Man may be imposed upon And an Apparition of a deceased Friend would be a Matter wherein any one Man might be more probably Cheated or be more easily persuaded that he was Cheated than the Apostles could be in the Resurrection of our Lord when he was seen by them very frequently and sometimes by a great Company of them met together by the space of forty Days And a single Miracle that is over as soon as done could not make such a deep and lasting Impression upon a Man's Mind as that constant Power of working Miracles and especially the Gift of Tongues which lasted a whole Life must needs do upon the Apostles and those that lived in their time who were either Partakers of these Gifts themselves or constant Witnesses thereof in others In short whatever Miracles we can desire may be wrought for our Conviction either they must be seen by us with our own Eyes or else they must be receiv'd by Testimony from others And tho' they should be seen by us with our own Eyes yet so long as 't is against our Inclination or inconsistent with that Love which we bear to the World or to our Sins to believe that they are true Miracles we should easily be apt to fansie that they were only melancholy Delusions or Tricks put upon us by Designing Men which our first Fright or Amazement hindred us from discovering the Fraud of and so they would probably have no effect at all upon us longer than till our Fright or Amazement was well worn off But if we should only have an Account of them by Testimony from others they would be yet less likely to persuade us because there can be no Testimony concerning any such Matters of Fact more clear and unexceptionable than that which we have already of the Truth of our Saviour's and his Apostles Miracles so that if we believe not this we should hardlier believe any other Testimony because we can scarcely have so good Assurance of any Man's Truth as we have of the Sincerity and Veracity of all those who are the present Witnesses to our Religion and we can hardly be surer that we hear any Man whom we know speaking to us than we are that we hear the Apostles speaking to us in the Books of the New Testament And therefore I think it plainly follows as I farther noted that the same Temper and Disposition of Mind and the same Unwillingness to believe the Truths of the Gospel which now dispose Men to Infidelity and prompt them to study and make Exceptions to the Proofs already given us of the Christian Faith would work the same Effect if other Proof and Evidence were given of it and that Men would then quickly make as good Exceptions to that as they do now to these For from what has been said I think 't is plain that if Men do not see the Truth when 't is placed in so clear a Light as 't is in already the Reason must be because they wilfully shut their Eyes or else are so blinded by a Love of this World or of their sinful Lusts that if the Light were ten times brighter than it is they would see no more than they do now And it would be to as little Purpose in order to the Conviction of such perverse and obstinate Men to add any more or stronger Proofs of the Truth of Religion as it would be to light up abundance of Torches to a Man that is quite blind For this is indeed the true Cause why Men will not hear Moses and the Prophets why they will not believe Christ and his Apostles testifying the certainty of a future State and other Truths of Religion 't is not I say because there is any just Exception to their Testimony but because they do not like the Matter of it and so are resolved not to believe They love their Sins so well that they can upon no Account be persuaded to part with them and being so resolved it is an easie thing to cavil at any Motives or Arguments that are urged to persuade them to it Seeing they will not see and hearing they will not hear nor understand and to Men so obstinately resolved against Conviction no Proof can be convincing enough And this is the sad effect of Love to Sin it Viciates the Judgments of Men so that they can't distinguish between things that differ most vastly it darkens their Understanding so that the plainest Proposition or the clearest Consequence in the World if it be against the Interest of Sin seems dark and obscure to them and it renders their Minds so averse to Religion that they can't with any Patience so much as hear the Arguments that are offered to prove it And be a Reason never so good 't is not to be hoped it should be convincing to a Man who will not hear it or who will not allow himself calmly to consider it From all that hath been said therefore upon this Head it plainly appears That the proper Cure of Infidelity is not the Addition of more Proof of the Truth of Religion but a right Prepaartion and Disposition of Mind to consider well the Proof thereof that is offered which is sufficient to convince and persuade all those that have a Love of Truth and a Will disposed to Virtue The Causes of Infidelity must be first removed and then the Cure of it will be easie by those Means which God has provided and directed us to use and there will be no need of his Working Miracles for Men's Conviction But 'till the Causes of it are removed 't is hardly to be Cured even by a Miracle But it will be said perhaps that tho' fresh Revelations and new Miracles might not be sufficient to convince all they might however convince some because there are several Degrees in the Perverseness and Obstinacy of Men Some indeed there may be whom no such Proof of Religion as is fit to be given us in this State of Trial would persuade whose Case therefore must be given over as desperate but then there are others Acts 26.28 who as King Agrippa was are almost persuaded to
again in Question So that the Reason of working Miracles being then ceased it was reasonable that the Power of working Miracles should cease too at least till such time as God should think fit to make some Alteration in or Addition to his former Revelations which we have good Reason to think he will never do or 'till he should please to undertake the Conversion of those Nations to the Christian Faith to whom the Knowledge of the former Miracles that had been wrought for its Confirmation could not be so well communicated by credible History as it is to us For as was hinted before Credible History is all the Proof and Evidence that we ever think reasonable to require in other Cases of the like Nature As for instance When a new Law is made concerning any Matter it is requisite according to the Custom of our Country that it should pass both Houses of Parliament and that the King should ratifie and confirm it and that afterwards it should be some way so published and promulged that all the Subjects that are then alive should have sufficient Assurance given them that such a Law is made But after this Law has been once so passed and ratified and promulged it is passed and ratified and promulged for ever and no Man is so unreasonable as to expect that every Parliament that is called afterwards should read and pass over again all the Laws that have been made before their Time or that every King that succeeds to the Throne should afresh ratifie and publish all the Laws that were made by all his Predecessors But all the Proof that we ever require of the Authority of any ancient Law is a true Copy of it and a good History or Record of its being made at such a time by such a King confirmed by the Tradition of all the intermediate Ages to our Time which have allowed of its Authority by citing it as a Law of the Land by Pleading from it and by giving Judgment according to it And he who will not allow of the same Proof and Evidence of the Authority of the Christian Institution so many hundred years ago established but would needs have new Miracles and new Revelations to confirm the former is every whit as unreasonable as that Criminal would be who being Indicted upon some Ancient Statute should refuse to plead to his Indictment upon Pretence that he knew not whether there was any such Law or not it being made if ever it was made long before his Time and there being none now alive that were present at the making of it Shew him the Law in the Statute Book why how does he know he 'd say but that the Printers had a mind to put a Cheat upon the Nation by Printing a Law of their own making as a Law made by some of our ancient Kings nay shew him the Original Record still he 'd say There have been abundance of Forgeries in the World and how does he know but that this is one The Record he 'd own perhaps looks like an Ancient Deed and has all the Marks of such Antiquity as it pretends to but after all 't is possible it may be and therefore he cannot be sure it is not a Forgery and 'till he is assured of this he will not plead to an Indictment that is grounded upon it But if the King and Parliament that now are will be pleased to declare that this is a good Law and if he himself may be allowed to be by when they shall declare it or if at least two or three Witnesses that he can trust shall testifie upon Oath that they were present when it was passed into a Law then he will allow it to be a good Law and after that will be content to suffer the Punishment of it if he shall ever again be a Transgressor Now what Man is there that would think this a reasonable Demand Or what Judge or Court would ever allow of such a Plea And yet as unreasonable as it is it is just the same with theirs who pretending to be more wise and cautious than their Neighbours will not allow of the same sort of Proof tho' indeed much better in its kind of the Truth of the Christian Religion but tho' we have as Authentick Histories as any are in the World such Histories as the greatest Adversaries of Christianity have not been able to say any thing to invalidate the Truth of which declare that Christ and his Apostles taught such and such Doctrines and wrought such and such Miracles to confirm the Truth of their Doctrine yet will not believe that the Doctrine of Christianity is true and Divine unless they may have special Messengers sent to them to declare a-fresh all the same things which the Apostles once did and those endued with a Power of working in their sight and presence the same Miracles over again that are said to have been formerly done by Christ and his Apostles to confirm the Testimony that they gave 2. The Unreasonableness of that Request which the Rich Man here makes in the Behalf of his Brethren viz. That God would make a new Revelation for their particular Conversion or in general The Unreasonableness of our now desiring fresh Revelations new Miracles or Apparitions of Men from the dead to confirm the Truth of those things which are already sufficiently proved to us by the Standing Revelation of the Gospel will further appear if we consider That to us who live now in Christian Countries other Grounds of Faith or stronger Motives to Repentance than we have already in the standing Revelation of the Gospel might be inconsistent with the Excellency of Faith might destroy the Virtue of Believing and might be too great a Force and Constraint upon us such as would in a manner take away our Liberty of Choice For there is no Virtue at all in Believing what we see there is no Praise or Thanks at all due for doing what we are driven or forced to do and for us who have already abundantly sufficient Grounds to believe and embrace Christianity to have fresh Miracles wrought every day before our own eyes such Miracles as we could not possibly doubt the Truth of to confirm those Doctrines which are already sufficiently confirmed would not be to persuade us but to force us to be Christians so that then the State we are now in would not be as God designed it should be a State of Trial for the Trial of Wisdom is when there are some Reasons on both sides and he is the Wise Man who in that Case gives Judgment on that side on which the Reasons are strongest But against what I have now said perhaps it may be objected That the Evidence which we desire of the Truth of Religion is no more than we are told has been already given to some Men particularly to those who lived in our Saviour's and his Apostle's times and we can't see why it would be more inconsistent
with the Nature of Faith and Religion now than it was then or how it would more destroy our Freedom than it did theirs or how it would be a greater Force upon our Choice than it was upon theirs to have the very same Evidence of the Truth of the Christian Religion which they had But in answer to this it may be consider'd that as they then had some Evidence of the Truth of the Christian Religion which we have not so we now have some Evidence thereof which they had not They indeed saw with their own Eyes some of the Miracles that were wrought for the Confirmation of Christianity but they had not as we now have a credible History or Record of a very great number of Miracles that were wrought for that purpose And therefore without considering at present which of these Evidences of the Truth of the Facts upon which our Religion is grounded is the most convincing thus much is plain That if we who have already very good Reason to believe them upon the Credit of a well attested History were also admitted to be Eye Witnesses of some fresh Miracles such as we are told were then wrought both these Evidences together would be stronger and more irresistible than either of them alone So that consequently if we who have already one of these Evidences were allowed to have the other also we should have more Evidence in the whole than they had our Choice consequently would not be so free as theirs was it would not be so much in the Power of our Wills to be Infidels as it was in theirs True perhaps you 'll say we should indeed in that Case have more Evidence than they had but that is not the thing we desire all that we could wish for is the very same Evidence that they had and upon that Condition we could be well contented to want the Historical Evidence which we have and they had not for we can't but think that the Evidence that they had is much stronger than ours and that they had much greater Reason to be Christians than we have For 1. The Apostles of Christ who as 't is said both saw his Miracles and were enabled by the Power of the Holy Ghost to do the like themselves had plainly greater Reason to believe than even those had who heard from their mouths the Testimony that they gave concerning our Lord and saw the Miracles that were done by their Hands in Confirmation of their Testimony And 2. They who saw with their own Eyes the Miracles that the Apostles wrought had more Reason to believe than those had to whom they were only Reported by Eye Witnesses and therefore much rather than we have who receive this Report only by a History that was written many hundred years ago Now this is all that we desire viz. To be upon the same Level with those who lived in the Primitive Times and to have as much Reason to be Christians as they had and we can't see why this Request should be thought unreasonable we do not understand why there would not be then as much Freedom and consequently as great Virtue in our Believing upon such strong Evidence as there was in theirs In Answer to this therefore I shall consider distinctly the two Cases before-mentioned and compare the same with ours 1. I shall consider the Case of the Apostles who both saw our Lord's Miracles and were enabled by the Power of the Holy-Ghost to do the like themselves And that they had a surer Ground of Faith than any since or than any besides themselves ever had I believe must be granted but then 't is to be considered on the other side 1. That the Apostles were but few in number only twelve Persons or if we should reckon in to the number as in this respect equal to the Apostles all those that were called by our Saviour himself to be his Disciples and who were very much tho' not so constantly in his Company as the Apostles were we read but of seventy of them or if we add to these all those that were convinced by our Saviours Miracles that he was the Christ Luke 10.1 and that owned themselves his Disciples while he was upon Earth 't is probable that all these together were no more than five hundred viz. those five hundred Brethren 1 Cor. 15.6 to whom when met together in Galilee our Lord shewed himself alive after his Passion 2. It may be also considered that their Case was extraordinary and peculiar and that this Advantage of greater Evidence as we reckon it which they had above all others was no more than was necessary to qualifie them for that special Office which they and none but they were to be employed in which was to bear Witness to the Men of that Generation by word of mouth and to all future Ages by their written Testimony of the Doctrines and Miracles of our Saviour for no Man is a proper Witness of any matter of Fact but only he who was an Eye Witness thereof 3. It may be further considered that as they had a more clear and unexceptionable Evidence of the Truth of Christianity than any besides ever had so they had also a greater Burden laid upon them than any Christians since have had and it might be no more than necessary that the Grounds of their Faith should be as much surer and stronger than those on which other Men's Faith is built as their Duty was larger and more difficult than other Men's Duty is For a weaker Foundation is as well able to support a low Building placed in a Bottom and well sheltred from Storms as a much stronger is to bear a high built Tower situated on the top of an Hill or by the Sea shore and continually exposed to violent Winds and Tempests And this was the Condition of the Apostles in Comparison with ours We have indeed several Temptations to resist by the Power of our most holy Faith but then they are only such Temptations as are common to Men and for the overcoming whereof a Faith grounded only upon good Historical Evidence is sufficient for by the Power of such a Faith a great many in all Ages have happily overcome them But the Apostles had Difficulties and Temptations of another sort to contend with they wrestled not only against Flesh and Blood but against Principalities against Powers against the Rulers of the Darkness of this World against Spiritual Wickedness in high Places It was their Business to go in an untrodden Path to break the Ice and to make plain the way for all that were to follow and our Work very easie in comparison with theirs is only to follow in that Way which they have made plain and smooth to that Kingdom of Heaven into which they could not enter but thro' manifold Tribulations That the Apostles therefore had stronger and more convincing Proofs of the Truth of the Christian Religion than we have and such as they
could not so easily resist as we may those which are afforded to us may be granted and yet it may be unreasonable for us to desire the same unless we were to be put to the same Trials of our Faith that they were which in a Christian Country can hardly be And indeed as desirous as we seem to be of having such Evidence of the Truth of our Religion as we are told the Apostles had I believe there are very few of us but had rather be contented with less Evidence than have so much as the Apostles had with its appendant Burden which was to travel all the World over even into the most rude and barbarous Countries to plant Christianity expecting wherever they came Bonds and Afflictions meeting every where with the most violent opposition and roughest Usage encountring every where the greatest Dangers and sure at last to be made a bloody Sacrifice to the Malice and Fury of their Persecutors How much St. Paul alone endured and 't is like the Sufferings of the other Aposiles were not much less you may see in 2 Cor. xi 23 c. and yet he was not then come to the end of his Sufferings In Labours abundant in Stripes above measure in Prisons frequent in Deaths oft Of the Jews five times received I forty Stripes save one thrice was I beaten with Rods once was I Stoned thrice I suffered Shipwrack a Night and a Day I have been in the Deep in Journeyings often in Perils of Waters in Perils of Robbers in Perils by mine own Countrymen in Perils by the Heathen in Perils in the City in Perils in the Wilderness in Perils in the Sea in Perils among false Brethren In Weariness and Painfulness in Watchings often in Hunger and Thirst in Fastings often in Cold and Nakedness Besides those things that are without that which cometh upon me daily the Care of all the Churches And therefore he might well say as he does 1 Cor. iv 9 c. I think that God hath set forth us the Apostles last as it were appointed to Death for we are made a Spectacle to the World and to Angels and to Men we are Fools for Christ's sake we are weak we are despised even unto this very hour we both hunger and thirst and are naked and are buffeted and have no certain dwelling Place and labour working with our Hands being reviled persecuted defamed we are made as the Filth of the World and are the Off-scowring of all things unto this Day It was therefore plainly necessary that a Faith which was to undergo these severe Trials should be built upon the surest Grounds but for us and to enable us to overcome the World a Faith that is founded upon less certain Evidence may be as sufficient 2. The Second Case before-mentioned was of those who heard with their own Ears the Testimony which the Apostles gave concerning our Lord and saw with their own Eyes the wonderful Works that they did in Confirmation of their Testimony We could wish at least that we had such strong Evidence of the Truth of the Christian Religion as they had and if we had we see not why there would not be as much Choice and consequently as much Virtue in our believing as there was in theirs But here it may be considered 1. That it was the Lot but of very few even of those that lived in the Apostles times except of the Jews that dwelt in Judea to hear the Apostles themselves or to see with their own Eyes the Miracles that they wrought and even of these there were but few that had the opportunity of seeing many of their mighty Works so that all things considered the Evidence that we have of the Truth of our Religion if it be not fully equal to is very little inferior to that which they had for it being as has been formerly shewn morally impossible that the Gospel History which is now in our Hands should be forged or spurious or corrupted and altered what can be thought to be wanting in the Clearness of the Evidence that we have being given in Writing and not by word of Mouth is made up by the Fulness and Abundance of it we having in the Writings of the Apostles and Evangelists several Witnesses testifying the same Miracles and every one of them Witnessing more Miracles than any except those who were constant Attendants upon our Lord or Companions of the Apostles were in a Capacity to witness But 2. Granting it to be true that in the Apostle's times those to whom the Gospel was preached had generally clearer and stronger Evidence of the Truth of Christianity than we have now yet I say even that Evidence of Sense which they had was not more apt or like to convince and persuade them than the Proof which we now have tho' in it self it be less is to convince and persuade us For when Men have already taken up an Opinion no matter upon what Grounds or when by their Worldly Interest they are engaged to be of such an Opinion it can't be expected that the same Reasons I mean Reasons of the same strength in themselves should be sufficient to persuade them to alter their Opinion which would have sufficed to have fix'd and establish'd them in their former Notions And this is plainly the Difference between those Times and ours for when the Revelation of the Gospel was first made by Christ and his Apostles all both Jews and Gentiles were most strongly prejudiced against it each of them having been bred up in a Persuasion that their own way of Worship was right and the Jews in particular having had good Assurance that their Law given by Moses to which the Doctrine of Christianity seem'd very opposite had been of Divine Institution But however when a Man has been bred up in the Belief of any thing and has believ'd it a good while he takes it for granted that he had reason to believe it whether he had so or not so that the Prejudice against Christianity was as powerful tho' not altogether so just in the Gentiles whose Religion was meerly fabulous as in the Jews whose Law was indeed of Divine Institution And besides which was an Impediment alike common both to the Jews and Gentiles they could not either of them then embrace and profess the Christian Religion without apparently hazarding the Loss of all things that were dear to them in this World And how very apt a strong Worldly Interest is to blind Mens Eyes and to byass their Judgments is what we cannot but daily observe in all other Cases But our Case now is quite otherwise our Prejudices and our Interest are both for Christianity for we suck'd it in with our Mothers Milk and we found it the establish'd Religion of the Country where we were Born for which Reasons we believed it or at least were strongly inclined to believe it before we knew or had heard of any other Reasons so that to us who are