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truth_n	ancient_a	church_n	true_a	2,421	5	5.1957	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A79937	Clement, the blessed Paul's fellow-labourer in the Gospel, his first epistle to the Corinthians: being an effectuall suasory to peace, and brotherly condescension, after an unhappy schism and separation in that Church. From whence the understanding reader may receive satisfaction concerning the businesse of episcopacy, or presbytery, as it stood in the age of the Apostles, and some time after. The ancient'st writing the Church hath, and the onely extant to that purpose, next to the divinely-inspired Scriptures. And being made good use of, may prove a remedy against the breaches and sad divisions of these distracted churches and times.; First epistle of Clement to the Corinthians	Clement I, Pope.; Burton, William, 1609-1657.	1647 (1647)	Wing C4629; Thomason E396_24; Thomason E396_25; ESTC R201660	59,432	63

who raised up Jesus from the dead the b 1 Cor. 15.20 first fruits of them that sleep was no better then 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The unknown God as appeares by that Epigraphe c Act. 17.23 Adisis Scriptores in hunc locum I sid insuper Pelus epist 69. lib. 4. vitam S. Martialis Lemovicens which Paul took notice of in the same City and who by the Romans themselves having the eyes of their minde veyled with the same thick mist of ignorance and unbelief was termed but d Pompeius apud Lucanum Cappodoces mea signa timent dedita sacris Incerti Judaea Dei mollisque Sophone lib. 2. Incertus Deus and e Trebell Pollio in M. Val. Claud. Imp. ubi de MOSE ei sermo Numen incertum And yet for all this I may very well observe in this place that there were even among the Heathen themselves some of better Souls who by the meer light of Nature for I doe not beleeve that God did reveal unto them the riches of his bounty herein any otherwise then in an ordinary way had a shrewd gesse or rather some good ken though at a distance of the Resurrection Not to urge that verse of Phocylides * And strait we hope to come out of the earth unto the li●ht But he is thought a Christian by some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Nor those of Virgil for you 'l say they were both Poëts f Aeneïd lib. 6. O Pater anne aliquas ad coelum hinc ire putandum est Sublimes animas iterumque ad tarda reverti Corpora Quae lucis miseris tam dira cupido And a little after Rursus incipiant in corpora velle reverti I will name two others of better credit First Democritus a Grecian who though he were born Vervecum in patriâ crassoque sub a●re y Juvenal sat 10. yet through the glimmering and foggy light thereof he could make a shift both to discern and promise to himself and others also a time reviviscendi when as this life should be iterated or renewed by death Thus much a Natur. Hist l. 7. c. 55. iterari vitam morte c. Pliny of him who indeed seems to have had a more redundant and petulant spleen then Democritus himself in that he laughs at him for maintaining of that which he cannot confute I am sure doth not any otherwise then those scoffing Philosophers before mentioned in the Acts Some mocked c. a thing unbeseeming the gravity of a Roman and the wisdome and authority of so great a man The other is a Roman the very Sireno-phenix of better Philosophy Marcus the Emperour whose words are these b M. Antonin 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 lib. XII § 6. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. How comes it to passe saith he that the Gods having ordered all things in a fair and loving respect to mankind they have overseen this one thing that whereas many very good men and such as have given evidence of their service of God and have become very familiar with him by their religious exercises and performances after they are once dead return no more but are extinguisht for ever Now if indeed it be so know for a certain that they would have ordered it otherwise if it had been fitting to have been otherwise c. This he speaks in a kind of condescension to the common received errour among the Heathen in opposition to the Resurrection But by this clause or Parenthesis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is if indeed it be so that they restore not good men to life again and by another that followes in the same discourse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is if it be not so indeed that good men return again to life it seemes to me most apparent that this most divine man for his own part had a deep conceit and a strong apprehension of the Resurrection of the body after death Such excellent illuminations had these gallant spirited men beyond what the Stoa or Peripatus ever dreamt of As for this passage of the Phenix the Emblem of the Resurrection heer in Clement we find no bodies exception against it either before or after Photius the Patriarch of CP he indeed expresses his dislike 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c Biblioth Num. 126. that the Author should use this instance as an example of absolute truth But if he had as he was a true learned Critique so also considered when it is that the Antient writers of the Church do speak 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is doctrinally and seriously and when 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as their own expression is that is as subservient to their purpose and by way of Rhetoricall ornament perhaps he would have spared his censure Yet he doth not therefore abdicate this Ep. from Clement as some do who think he would never in so serious a discourse make use of the flying talk of his own Age and a questionable report that had no eye-witness for the Author of it a meer Pageant brought but the other day upon the stage not remembring perhaps that the tale of the Phenix is of far longer standing mentioned by d In Euterpe Herodotus and others many ages before either Paullus Fabius and L. Vitellius were Consuls or Clement himself born So that I needed not so much as to have named Ovid e Metamorph. 15. Geo. Sandys Interprete had not his description so neerly agreed with Clement's or been indeed the very same I will add it heer therefore to close up this discourse and the rather because the whole businesse being accounted Poëtry which is but plain fiction it will shew a great deal more hansom in verse especially being translated almost aswell to the envy as admiration of the Reader This is it One onely fowle there is in all the Earth Call'd by th' Assyrians Phenix who in th' wain Of age repaires and sowes her self again Nor feeds on grain nor hearbs but on the gumme Of Frankincense and juycy Amomum Now when her life five ages hath fulfill'd A nest her horned beak and talons build Upon the crownet of a trembling Palm This strew'd with Cassia Spiknard precious Balm Bruiz'd Cinamon and Myrrh thereon she bends Her body and her age in odors ends This breedings Corps a little Phenix beares Which is it selfe to live as many yeares Grown strong that load now able to transfer Her Cradle and her Parents Sepulcher Devoutly carries to Hyperion's town And on his flamy Altar layes it down XXIII For nothing is impossible for God to doe except it be to lye Clement doth heer no doubt allude to two severall places of Scripture Tit. 1.2 where it is said God cannot lye and Ebr. 6.18 where we likewise read that it was impossible for God to lye 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which the learned a De Jure Bel. Pacis lib. 2. cap. 13. § 3. Grotius rather renders fallere then mentiri

CERTAINE ANNOTATIONS UPON CLEMENT Intended as well for the asserting of this Epistle against some Exceptions in respect of the Author of it and his manner of writing as for the preventing of others But especially for vindicating it from Mis●allegations and wrong citations urged out of it in regard of some points concerning Chu●ch-government in controversie at this day Containing also some other Observations whereby the Authour is illustrated C. Lucilius apud Cic lib. 2. de Orat. PERSIUM non curo legere Laelium Decimum volo LONDON Printed by J. Y. for J. P. and O. P. in Paul's Church-yard in the Yeare of our Lord M.DC.XLVII A SUMMARY of chief Matters contained in these Annotations observed out of this EPISTLE 1. THe Equality as well of Churches themselves as of their Governours in the first Age. Clement and Linus what kind of Bishops The cause of the disagreement among Writers concerning the Order and Succession of the first Bishops of Rome Bishop and Presbyter common names at that time The humility of them in those times 2. At what time as is most probable this Epistle might be written Baronius commended for collecting the Fragments thereof 3. Of the Schismes and Factions among the Corinthians when Paul wrote his first Epistle to them 4. A place in Clement cited by Clemens Alexandrinus 5. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Clement to be understood of the Civill Magistrate though meant of the Ecclesiasticall Governours in the Epistle to the Hebrewes notwithstanding the likenesse of stile which is said to be in both these Epistles 6. The Epistle of Polycarpus the Martyr hath severall passages out of Clement Whether it may not be thought genuine 7. The manner of citing places out of the Old Testament into the New Which also is to be observed in Clement 8. The LXX Interpreters generally followed by the Apostles Then lesse corrupt then in after ages Now not so much to be respected The old Latine version of the LXX in ancient use here in Britain 9. Clement excused in his instance of Aaron's and Miriam's being shut out of the Camp 10. Clement speaking of Peter's Martyrdome sayes nothing of his being at Rome much lesse of his Bishoprick there and Prerogative Whether he were ever there or no is discussed His was the Apostleship of the Circumcision A deplorable breach in Church-History from the Acts to Trajan's time Whether Paul as well as Peter might not from Clement's words be thought to suffer under some Provinciall Magistrate rather then at Rome 11. Whether Paul ever performed his journie into Spain Or were ever in Britain Peter's being there and ordaining Bishops confirmed by our English Romanists either from very slight or forged Authorities 12. Clement's manner of urging Scriptures 13. A place in him out of Clemens Alexandrinus 14. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The severall acceptions of it 15. The Pillar of Salt into which Lot's wife was turned remaining in Clement's time 16. Clement's citing a place in Luke 17. A sentence of Clement's restored out of Jerome 18. A place in Matthew not so well rendred by our English Translators 19. Moses cited for David Clement excused therein by many places in the New Testament Josephus Scriptor Christianus Graecè 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Christ's division of the Books of the Old Testament 20. Mr. Young's conjecture confirmed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. The unpassable Ocean meant by Clement of the British 21. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. The Worlds beyond it thought to be the Islands called the Britannies A discourse endeavouring to make it good 22. The Phenix an Emblem of the Resurrection among the ancient Christians The Resurrection taken for a new Deity by the Philosophers at Athens How far a belief of the truth thereof possess'd the better sort of Heathens 23. Of what is possible or impossible with God His Power alwaies accompanies his Will We ought to speak reverently of his Power 24. Clement is defended about a place which he is said to cite out of the Wisdom of Solomon Of the Author of that Book and the credit thereof Paul himselfe urgeth Heathen Writers Menander the Comedian c. 25. Clement absolutely condemnes the Doctrine of Merits and Justification by Works 26. The happiness of a Christian Church in Clement's judgement 27. Clement is falsly urged to prove set-times for publick Prayers in the Primitive Church which they call Canonicall Houres 28. Clement is not truly and faithfully alledged to prove that in the first Age there was a distinction between the Clergy and Laity Neither doth it appeare by any genuine authority of Ignatius who is defended from contradicting of Scripture whereof he stands accused Laicus and Catholicus of what use in the first Age. Christian Presbytery from the Jewish and what that was 29. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 what they were Henr. Stephani Glossarium Latino-Graecum emendatur Victimarum probatio Aruspex 30. Bishop Presbyter whence the Apostles borrowed these names No distinction in matter of office to be found of them in Clement Nor any single Bishop of the Corinthians in his time Both which notwithstanding are pretended out of him 31. The Name of Episcopacy in Clement Vocabulum honoris quod Ecclesiae usus obtinuit in Austin Bishops excepted against before these times Chrysostome's riding on an Asse envied at Not lawfull in his opinion for Bishops to ride on horse-back The small maintenance and poverty of the ancient British Irish and other Country-Bishops The ambition excesse and cruelty of the Roman taken notice of by an Heathen Historian 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 how taken in ancient Authors 32. The Apostles power in constituting Bishops Deacons conveyed unto others Yet such choice of Ministers according to Clement is ineffectuall without the generall consent of the people A difficult thing to know who and what kind of Bishops were first instituted by the Apostles Eusebius his confession to that purpose Most Records of the first times utterly lost 33. A sentence of Clement's severally interpreted by six very learned men Some of their various readings of it upon conjecture 34. Clement not faithfully dealt withall A transitive note added on purpose in the translation of a passage of his into English the better to make it appeare that Bishop and Presbyter are distinguisht by him Which notwithstanding appeares not out of him 35. PAUL's Gospel What in Clement is to be understood thereby S. Johns first Epistle cited also under the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 No alteration of Church-government caus'd upon the Factions and Schismes of the Corinthians as is urged Jerome is therein defended 36. Whether there were another Cephas besides Peter The place of Paul 1 Cor. 1.12 understood of Peter by Clement against some Interpreters 37. A place of Clement's urged by Clement of Alexandria 38. Another place of his also to be found in his writings 39. A place of Clement's translated by Jerom. 40. Epiphanius mis-applies a passage in Clement Chrysostom's imitation of the

as Beza We and generally all Interpreters do But some of the Fathers b Tho. Aquin. part 1. qu. 25. art 3. 4. and the Schoolemen specially affecting such manner of expressions as these whereby the Power of God may in some sort seem to be restrained to bounds and limits in respect of certain particular actions not onely forgot the reverent awe and esteem they ought to have had concerning the extent and Almightiness thereof for how little a portion b Job 26.14 saith Job have we heard of it the thunder of his power who can understand But even the Hethen man's rule c Cicero Homini de potestate Deorum pauca timidè sunt dicenda And but good reason whenas to Kings but mortall Gods and concerning their power which is indeed in respect had to the Divine not so much as a poor punctum to the immense Vnivers one of the wisest of nature's d Solon Plutarcho X●nophanes Hesychio Illustrio Aristot aliis Sons advised to speak 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or short or sweet For how much more is the Lawyers language to be approved of then Jerom's that great Divine yet both expressing the same thing His words are in one of his hot fits of his immoderate dotage upon Virginity e Epist 22. ad Eustoch de custod virgin Audenter loquar Cùm omnia possit Deus suscitare virginem non potest post ruinam The others far more moderate and mannerly though saying as much f C. de rap virg l. Unic Virginitas corrupta restitui non potest I will not so much as name the Hethen Poëts who enslaved their Gods to the observance of conditions from a fatall necessity of the Destinies which to alter they would have not more unlawfull for them then impossible And the Philo●ophers the most I mean were little better if not worse So that Jupiter in g In Timone 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. Lucian hearing the blasphemies and the unreverent Speeches of Timon concerning the divine Providence and Power of God made no question of ground enough from thence to conclude him a Philosopher though truly he was no such man Yet some more generall expressions of theirs that way may be excused if withall we understand God's Will by his Power as that of Plutarch h Alluding I think to A●atho's verses 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 It is impossible for God to render that undone which hath been done Because neither doth he will it should be so For i Psal 135.6 Psal 115.3 he hath done whatsoever he will both in heaven and earth And indeed Plato tels us that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 God cannot will to alter himself By which perhaps Attic Moses for so Antiquity call'd him meant nothing else but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 k Ebr. 6.17 in Paul's Language the immutability of the Counsell of God For having in his Common-wealth l De Rep. l. III. given leave not onely to Physicians but unto Magistrates also upon occasion to tell a lye yet will he by no meanes permit it unto God as being a note or signe of infirmity and weakness he by so much the more thereby asserting and vindicating the divine and unlimited power of God And heer before we have done let us observe that Clement making it a thing not possible in God to lye doth in the foregoing words assigne the reason thereof to be his own Will God saith he that hath commanded others not to lye much less will he himself lye following therein St Paul who layes as one of the grounds of the same impossibility the immutability of Gods Counsell or Will as appeares by the forenamed places And so the Stoics also the very best of Philosophers do set the Will of God as it were a limit or bound to his power and alwaies joyn them together Hence are those expressions out of their School m Sen. de Irâ lib. 2. c. 27. Dii immortales nec volunt abesse nec possunt And Erras si quis putat eos nocere velle non possunt nec accipere injuriam queunt nec facere And n Id. ep 92. again Sua illis in legem aeterna voluntas est statuerunt quae non mutarent o Id. de Benef. l. 6. ca. 23. Itaque non possunt videri facturi aliquid quasi ut nolint quia quicquid detinere non possunt perseverare voluerunt nec unquam primi consilii deos poenitet and what follows in that divine and high discourse Read Pliny l. II. cap. 7. ad finem XXIV Who shall say unto him What hast thou don c. A very learned Gentleman Dr HA. and my good friend among some other doubts concerning the antiquity and Author of this Epistle maketh his quoting this place out of the p Wisd 12.12 and 11.21 Wisdome of Salomon to be one for thither is the Reader referr'd in the Margin of Mr Yong's Graeco-latin edition p. 37. and thus he reasons if we mistake him not Philo the Jew by the learned in Antiquities in former ages is generally thought to have written that book now he being cotemporary with Clement or not much antienter it is not very probable that Clement should make use of his authority as not needing to prove so undeniable a Truth to descend to so inferiour and late a testimony as his that Book being not urged by the antient Christians ad auctoritatem Ecclesiasticorum dogmatum confirmandam as Jerom tels us For indeed Non tali auxilio nec defensoribus istis Caussa eget Therefore this Epistle may seem not to be of such antiquity as to have Clement for the Author thereof For answer whereunto not to be troublesome in telling you that the Jews had another Book under this Title Secretiori linguâ compositum c. for it is nothing to our purpose and we should therein but rely upon the credit of q Jo. Picus in Comment super Genesin one who doth not say himself ever saw it We may in the first place question it very wel whether Philo were the Author of this we have for there is neither vola nor vestigium in his own works to prove it to be so or indeed in any ones else antienter then Jerom that I can now tell of And we know full well how his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 fail'd him in this point to instance in no more then r So that he puts Seneca among his Eccles Scriptores Seneca's Epistles to Paul and his back again to Seneca so much approved of by him to be genuine Now whereas he cites others authority for it he should have named them but therein too he varies from himself for one while he tels us the Jewes ſ Prolog in li. Sap. affirm it another while that some of the antient Writers And for that piece of Criticism of his Graecam eloquentiam redolet t Praefat.