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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
truth_n	ancient_a	cause_n	great_a	172	4	2.0659	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A18233	Here begynneth the prologue or prohemye of the book callid Caton whiche booke hath ben translated in to Englysshe by Mayster Benet Burgh, late Archedeken of Colchestre and hye chanon of saint stephens at westmestre ... and by cause of late cam to my hand a book of the said Caton in Frensshe, whiche reherceth many a fayr lernynge and notable ensamples, I haue translated it oute of frensshe in to Englysshe, as al along here after shalle appiere, whiche I presente vnto the cyte of london,; Catonis disticha. English.	Cato, Marcus Porcius, 234-149 B.C., attributed name.; Caxton, William, ca. 1422-1491.	1484 (1484)	STC 4853; ESTC S106569	103,897	154

wythouten ony vsure For it is ageynst nature to take vsure and wynne wyth the money that he hath lente And ye shal vnderstonde that the vsurers synne more greuouslye thenne ony other synner For alle other synners cessen ofte theyr synnes But the vsurers ne sece neuer of theyr synnes for nyght and day euery houre festes and sondayes they synne and taken theyr vsure contynuelly without secyng Therfore may be said that they synne more greuously thenne ony other synners Item it may be sayd that they be werse thenne Iudas For Iudas solde Ihesu cryste onely but thyse selle the vyrgyn marye and alle the sayntes of heuen and theyr parentes and heyres vnto the tenthe lygnage as it apperyth in an exaumple that here foloweth It is redde in vytis patrum of a good man that requyred of god that he wold shewe hym the paynes of helle To whom our lorde sente an aungel whiche ledde hym in to helle and there he sawe many tormentes that they that ben dampned suffren Amonge alle other peynes he sawe a ladder whyche had ten degrees or stappes and in eche degree was a man hangyng by ordre whom the deuyls bete alle to tare wyth hookes of yron moche terrybly and aboue al the other dampned in helle it semed to thys good man that these ten men suffreden more torment and payne thenne alle the other wherfore he prayed the aungel to telle hym why these x men were so hanged in that ladder and so horrybly tormented and what men they were Thenne answerd the aungel to hym and sayd this olde man that thou seest that is in the hyghest place of the ladder is an vsurer the whiche by vsure hath goten grete rychesses and possessyons and by cause he deyed wythout makyng of restytucion he is hanged in the hyghest place of the ladder and alle his heyres that haue posseded the sayd herirages ben dede wythout makyng restytucion be hanged by ordre on thys ladder vnto the tenth degree one after another lyke as thou seest Cui des videto TThou oughtest to take hede to whom thou gyuest whā thou wylt gyue or do ony almesse and this is that ecclesiaste saith in his fourtenth chappytre whiche sayth whan thou shalt gyue or shalt doo ony almesse knowe thou wel beholde to whome thou shalt doo hit Item saynt Iherome saith gyue to the poure peple and not to the ryche and not to the proude Also he that wyl gyue ought to consydre thre thynges Fyrst that it whiche he wyl gyue for almes be truly goten for of euyl goten good no man ought to gyue al messe secondly he ought to holde ordre maner in gyuyng for fyrst he ought to gyue helpe hym self after to his parentis kynne and neyghbours and after to straungers yf he haue wherof Thyrdly he ought to yeue by veray charite and loue without ony vaynglorye Coniugem Ama THou oughtest to loue thy wyf as thy self Neuerthelesse the wyf by ryght lawe deuyne and humayne she ought to be subgette to hyr husbond and to kepe to hym feythe and trouthe and to serue and obeye to hym in al thynges lycite and honeste Also the man ought to entrete his wyf hertely and swetely and to loue hyr by veray loue For as they ben made one flesshe by carnal copulacyon or bodely felawshyp also they ought to be one herte and one thought by veray dyleccion or loue Item the woman oughte to loue hyr husbond and to bere to hym feythe and trouthe reuerence and to obeye hym as longe as he shal lyue Also the man ought to loue his wyf and to kepe to hyr feythe and trouthe and to teche and endoctryne hir all good condicions notwythstondyng that many done the contrarye It is redde in the auncient hystoryes or cronycles of Rome that there was somtyme a woman noble of grete lignage whiche mysrewled hir self was of euyl gouernaunce For the which cause her husbōd made hir to be put shette within a toure and toward hyr wente neuer no body saue onely hyr husbond It happed on a day as she was lokyng out of a wyndowe of the sayd toure whyche was nyghe by the walles of the cyte that she sawe a student or scoler warnyng that waye whiche she knewe before that tyme And as ●●e scoler perceyued hyr he sayd to hyr helas lady what doo you there so hygh wythin this toure Certeynly sayd she my husbond hath put me here wythin and bereth the keyes of thys toure wyth hym in suche manere that from hens I ne departe neyther by nyght nor by day For at nyght he leyeth the keyes vnder his bolster Ha sayd the clerke yf he wyl beleue me I shal fynde wel the manere how at nyght ye shal scape at your plesure Certeynly sayd she therof I praye you and I promyt you to doo alle that shal plese you Thenne seyd the clerke I shal brynge to you to morowe somme pouder of man deglorye of the whiche ye shal gyue to hym secretely for to drynke at his sowper and for certeyn he shall sone after falle on a slepe in so moche that none shal mowe awake hym Ye shal thēne take the keyes from vnder his bolster thenne ye shal come to speke wyth me here benethe and to gyder we shal dysporte vs and after ye shal retorne and laye●●he keyes by hym ageyn For knowe ye for certeyn that he shall not awake for no steryng or noyse that ye shal make wherfore doo that to morowe ye haue a smale corde made of the threde that ye spynne and as longe that it may reche vnto the grounde and thenne the lytel sacke ful of the sayd powdre I shal bynde therto And of this couenaunte was the woman contente and in dede the clerke brought on the morne next the sayd powdre and she drewe hit vp vnto hir and toke hyt And so moche she dyd that on that same nyght she gaue to her husbond of the sayd poudre bothe in his mete and in his drynke the whiche sone after he wente to bedde and began Incontynent to falle in a stronge slepe in soo moche that the toure myght haue be beten and smyten doun or he shold haue ben awaked And thenne whan she sawe that he slepte she wente and toke the keyes and opened al the dores and yates of the towre and came doun to the clerke which entred wythin the toure and leyd them bothe vpon a ledde whyche was in a chaumbre benethe and thre houres they leye to gyder takyng theyr plesure And after the wyf retorned and wente vpward and leyed hyr by hyr husbond ageyn whiche was moche subtyl and was alle abasshed that he had slepte lenger than he was accustomed to done Hit happed thenne on an euen whan he had sowped that he wente to bedde and forthwyth made semblaunte to be on slepe and strongely he began to rowte and whan she sawe hym a slepe as she

Iugement and sentences of Ihesu Cryst ben dyuerses Therfore wel happy are they whiche deyen in the feythe of Ihesu Cryst oure redemptour There ben fyue causes why men oughte to haue dysplaysyre and wo for the dethe of wycked folke The fyrst is by cause that they be perpetuelly dampned yf they deye in synne mortal or dedely The second is for the grete shame that they take of their dethe before alle the world The thyrd cause that they be pryued fro the vysyon of god their creatour The fourthe is the cruel payne and passion that they suffren at theyr d●●th The fyfthe is for the horryble ymage or fygure that they 〈◊〉 after theyr dethe For they be lyke vnto that horryble bees●● of the whiche speketh thapocalips in the fourtenth chapytre For fyue causes pryncipall men oughten to haue ioye of the dethe of the good and Iuste folke the fyrst is by cause that after the deth corporalle they regnen and comen in to the glori●● of paradys the second is by cause that they haue fayrer howses and gretter place for to dwelle in the thyrd is by cause that they haue better metes for to ete the fourthe is by cause that they haue g●●etter lyght for to see the fyfthe is by cause that they haue more better ayer for to smelle These fyue goodes acqueren the Iuste and good folke after their dethe whanne they be in the glorye of paradys Cum coniunx tibi sit nec res fama laborat Vitandum ducas inimicum nomen amici THou oughtest to flee and eschewe all hate and melancolye of thy wyf that is to saye whanne thou hast a fayre wyf And that thow hast not wel wherwith to susteyne her estate ner wherwith to gouerne her kepe and ●●ke wel that none deceyue the for ofte many one shall make semblaunt to be thy good frende for loue of thy wyf though that they be thyn enemyes And they shalle fynde the manere for to gyue euylle praysynge to thy wyf and to take her worship fro her therfor thou oughtest for to repute holde suche folk for traytours and not to gyue to them the name to be thy frendes For enymytee and hat●● are contrary to frendship and concorde And yf by aduenture hit happed that men spake euylle by thy wyf and of thy frende and that hit were not so And thou ne supposest ne bileuest in thy conscyence that hit he so though that oueralle be renommee that it is soo thou oughtest for to adde gretter feythe to the trouthe of this that thou knowest than to the renommee that is gyuen to thy wyf or to thy frend For hit happeth oftymes that the folke blamen and speken euylle by somme persones whiche thynge is not trewe and somtyme hit is trouthe And thus bothe the one and the other of the causes afore may befallen and be trewe Cum tibi contingerit studio cognoscere multa Fac discas multa vita nesare doceri ●Hou oughtest not to be proude for thy grete connynge and scyence that is to wete yf hit happed that thou haue lerned by thy dylygence and to haue well studyed many of artes and scyences thou oughtest not for to be the more proude therof Ne yet to cesse of lernynge ne for to haue shame for to be taught and to lerne of hym whiche is lesse than thy self art For thou oughtest to suppose that thou woste lytel to the regard of other For there is none so wyse a man but that he fyndeth yet somme for to lerne Therfor saith the prouerbe that one may not al knowe nor one may not haue all For none is parfyghte in no scyence Miraris verbis nudis me scribere versus Hec breuitas sensus fecit coniungere binos THou oughtest not to be merueylled yf this lytell book conteyneth two sentences in two verses For that haue I do pryncipally for two causes Fyrst for to eschewe prolyxyte and longe wordes For yf I had wryten many verses the sentence had be so grete so derke and obscure that vnneth my wytte had mowe comprehende conceyue ne expowne hit And therfore I haue made this lytel book in double verses the whiche conteynen two shorte and vtyle sentences for the symple folk Also by cause that this day many one ben gladde to see or here shorte wordes or sentences The second cause why I haue done and made this lytel booke in two verses is by cause that the doctryne and gouernement bothe of the body and of the sowle is conteyned in hit For whiche thynge men may intytule this lytell book the myrour of the regyme gouernement of the body and of the sowle ¶ Here fynyssheth this present book whiche is sayd or called Cathon translated oute of Frensshe in to Englysshe by William Caxton in thabbay of Westmynstre the yere of oure lord MCCCClxxxiij And the fyrst yere of the regne of kynge Rychard the thyrd the xxiij day of decembre

sayd olde bawde for to fynde the meanes that he myght haue his plesure of the sayd bourgeys wyf and for to fulfylle his wylle and his entencion This olde bawde had a lytel catte whiche she named pasquette the which she kepte wythout ony mete or drynke the space of thre dayes and after she gaue to the catte a lytel flesshe with right stronge mustard and after she wente for to speke wyth the sayd bourgeys wyf and ledde with hir her lytel catte but bycause that she had eten the sayd mustard she dyd none other but wepte euer And thenne the good wyf demaunded of the bawde why her catte wepte and syghed so sore And she syghyng and wepyng answerd Helas my lady my catte whiche ye see and I haue cause ynough for to wepe wherfore sayd the wyf I praye you that ye wyl telle to me the cause Helas sayd the olde bawde my lady I dar not telle hit to you Neuerthelesse the bourgeys wyf prayed hyr so moche that she tolde hit to hir sayeng madame sythe hit pleseth to you I shal telle hit to you this catte whiche ye now see here is myn owne doughter the whiche by the wylle and plesure of god hath ben transfourmed in to a catte bycause that a yonge man loued hir but neuer for no thynge she wold not accorde for to doo his plesure and wylle wherfore the goddes were wroth and torned hir in to a catte as ye may see And therfore she wepeth thus contynuelly whan she wepeth I can not holde me but that I must wepe How sayd the bourgeys wyf ye say wonder is hit trouthe that ye say the whiche sware that hit was veray trouthe Helas sayd the bourgeys wyf whiche beleuyd lightly knowest thou not suche a yonge clerke Yes my lady I knowe hym ful wel Certeynly sayd the bourgeys wyf he hath prayed me of loue and hathe offred to me many grete yeftes but neuer for no thynge I ne wold consente ne graunte hys plesure wherfore as I suppose he is in grete thought and malencolye and therfore yf hit were sothe that thou sayest I shold be torned in to a catte as thy doughter is yf the goddes ben wrothe with me Certeynly said the bawde yf ye holde thus longe the sayd clerke in that payne and langour ye are in grete parelle for to be transformed from your fayre fourme in to the lykenesse and fourme of a catte and ye shal therfore wepe al the tyme of your lyf Wherfore my dere lady I counceyl you or the goddes be wrothe vpon you that ye doo after the wylle of the sayd clerke For yf ye were torned in to a lityl catte ye shold be dyshonoured ye shold be cause of the shame and dyshonoure perpetuell of al your lynage Thus the sayd bourgeys wyf whiche doubted the furour and wrath of the goddes and the shame dyshonour bothe of hir self and of her parentes byleuyng the wordes of the forsayd olde bawde consented wythin her herte to doo the wylle and plesure of the sayd clerke And thenne with grete sygheng and malencolyes for doubte that wor●● shold come to hir sayd to the sayd olde woman that she wold goo toward the sayd clerke and that she shold telle to hym that ●●e wold come for to speke with hir and that of hyr he shold haue his plesure Thenne was the olde bawde ioyeful and gladde and after wente to the sayd clerke said to hym that he shold make good chere and that Incontynente he shold goo toward the bourgeys wyf that of hir he shold haue al that shold please to hym The whiche clerke wente Incontynent thyder and payed the bawde as he had promysed to hyr And thus he had hys wylle of the sayd bourgeys wyf Vino te tempera tHou oughtest to be temperate in drynkyng wyne that is to say that men oughte to drynke as moche as it suffyseth to nature and no more Aristotel sayth in his secretes whiche he sente to alixaunder that many euylles sourden and come by ouermoche drynkyng of wyne The fyrst euyl 〈◊〉 bycause that hit troubleth bothe the wytte the memorye The second is for hit empessheth the wytte of nature The thyrd is bycause that hit troubleth the brayne The fourth is bycause that hit debyliteth and maketh feble the vertues of the man The fyfthe is bycause that hit causeth for to forgete that that men haue for to doo The vj bycause that he causeth euyl appetyte The seuenth bycause that hit maketh the membres to shake The viij bycause that hit chaseth alle the body and engendreth hete in to the lyuere and causeth euyl blood and generally hit maketh feble alle the vertues bothe of the body and of the sowle Men rede of an hermyte whyche oftentymes was tempted for to leue his hermytage and retorne in to the world to whome an aungel of god apperyd and sayd to hym yf he wold retourne in to the world that he myght not scape but that emonge al the other euyl synnes which ben done in the same world there were thre of the whiche he shold doo one that is to wete auaryce lecherye and dronkennesse and that he shold chese whiche of them thre he wold doo Thenne the hermyte answerd and sayd sythe that it is force that I falle in one of thoos thre synnes I chese dronkennesse and not Auaryce bycause that auarice is cause and the roote of alle synnes Ne lecherye bycause that hit destroyeth alle the body of the man And thus the myschaunte retorned in to the world the whiche drunke on a day so moche of wyne that he was dronke forthwyth tempted he was of lecherye the whiche synne he made in dede and after he became auaricious and in dede he sette hym self for to stele and thus he made alle the sayd thre dedely synnes this came of dronkenesse onely Nil arbitrio feceris tHou oughtest not to doo no thynge of thyn owne arbytre that is to wete wythout counceyl of somme more wyse than thy self And thou ne oughtest not to truste thyn owne counceyl ne by strengthe corporell and spyrituel ne also thy wysdom and conuyng but thou oughtest to take and requyre the counceyl of other and of the sages and shewe vnto them the thynge whiche thou purposest for to doo For many to gyder seen more clerely and knowen more thenne doth one allonelye Pacienter parentes vince tHOu oughtest to ouercome and vaynquysshe thy parentes by fayre and swete wordes without makyng force or to be rebelle ageynst hem bycause that hit is o●●e of the pryncypal commaundementes of our lawe that men oughte to obeye his fader and moder Patere legem quam tu ipse feceris tHou oughtest to kepe the lawe whiche thou hast ordeyned and made That is to say that al tho whyche made the lawes that maketh hem day by day ought to kepe them and to commaunde the other for to kepe them Valere recounteth in his syxte book of a man

of a yonge woman whyche dwelleth with me hath promysed to hir for to gyue hir a go●●ne clothe of the beste and fynest that is wythin his how 's Ha sayd the good bourgeyse I shold not conne beleue hit for I haue euer founde hym good and feythful Certeynly sayd the olde bawde I haue founden them in the dede doynge And to morowe ye shal see the experyence of hit whan she shal come fetche the clothe And after the said bawde wente and spake wyth the husbond of the sayd burgeyse and tolde hym that she had founde his wyf within the chyrche spekyng wyth a clerke And that she vnderstood of them that hys wyf wold robbe hym and goo bothe to gyder out of the londe Ha sayd the husbond I can not beleue hit For wel I wote that my wyf is trewe and feythful vnto me Certeynly said she I ensure you that it is trouthe in shorte tyme ye shall see them bothe spekyng to gyder Thenne wente the olde woman vnto his how 's and sente the yonge woman whyche dwellyd in her how 's for to bye clothe of the sayd draper And whan the drapers wyf sawe hyr she thoughte and beleued that that the olde woman had tolde vnto hyr was trewe wherfore she toke soo grete malencolye that she coude not sowpe for woo Wherof her husbond was moche abasshed For as thenne he had suspecyon on hyr of that that the bawde had tolde hym whyche on that other syde began for to make euyl chere also And on the morne nexte the olde woman dyd so moche that the yōge clerke spake with the said bourgeys wyf seyng her husbond which supposeth to be trouth that the olde woman had tolde to hym And yet ageyn the olde bawde yede for to speke wyth the bourgeys wyf and said to hyr maystresse be you now certeyn of that that I tolde you certeynly ye be loste without ye put to hit remedye Helas sayd the bourgeyse what remedye myght I put therto I shal telle hit to you sayd the olde thoman doo so moche that thys nyght ye haue a rasere and whan he shal be layed in his bedde and that he shal slepe ye shal kutte thre heeris of hys berde ye shal brenne them and after ye shal make hym to ete them For after that he hath eten them he shal neuer torne ageyn toward the sayd yonge woman but shal hate hir vnto dethe and yet he shal loue you better thenne he dyd before Certeynly sayd the bourgeyse ye say right wel and I shall doo as ye haue sayd And after thys the olde woman yede for to speke ageyn to her husbond to whome she sayd that his wyf wold that same nyght goo wyth the sayd clerke that she wold cutte his throte by nyght whan he shold slepe and how his wyf had a raser for to cutte his throte therwith and how she shold make hym dronke Thenne as they had sowped the draper helde the countenaunce of a dronken man and fayned hym self dronke sayd that he wold goo slepe and assone as he was layed he made semblaunte to slepe And thenne his wyf wente and took the raser for to haue cutte thre heeris of his berde as the olde woman had tolde to h●●r but he whiche slepte not toke hyr by the hande vpon the whiche she helde the raser Thenne callyd he hys seruauntes and shewed to them euydently how his wyf wold kylle and put hym to dethe And the nexte morne he maunded sente for hyr parentes frendes and neyghbours and after sayd to them al the manere how she wold haue cutte his throte the whiche wyf as ouercomen and vaynquysshed coude not saye one word for she myght not say the contrarye But there was a good trewe man a chappelayn whiche dyd lede hyr asyde ●●th requyred to hyr that she wold telle to hym all the pure trouthe of hit And the woman reherced and tolde vnto hym word by word how the olde woman had counceylled hyr for to doo alle that whiche ye haue herde And after he called the draper whiche also tolde to hym alle hys fayte Thenne was the olde woman sente fore whiche was peyned and constrayned to say alle the certeynte and the trouthe of alle the fayte And after whan they knewe the grete treson of the olde bawde they were frendes and loued eche other more than they dyd before By thys ensaumple appereth clerely that many euyls comen by wycked and euyl tunges and by euyl reportes Sperne repugnando tibi tu contrarius esse Conueniet nulli qui secum defidet ipse THou oughtest not to chaunge thy counceyl whan it is good and vtyle Ne to be contrarye to thy self For he which is contrarye to hym self shal not accorde with none other And therfore thou oughtest to be stedfast and constaunt wythin thy self wythouten mutacion contrarye to reason and trouthe It is redde in an hystorye of Rome that an emperour of rome whiche was moche auncyent or olde maryed hym to a moche fayre quene the whyche knewe hir owne cook in suche manere that she had by hym a chylde male And the emperour wenyng that it had ben his sone whan the chylde was of age he betoke hym to a phylosophre But sone after the emperour deyed thenne the said phylosophre consyderyng that he was olde and nygh to hys dethe Also bycause that he knewe the condycions of the said chylde and yonge emperour and who was his fader Reherced vnto the said chylde his byrthe and who had begoten hym sayeng in this manere knowe thou that thou arte noble by thy moders syde and not by thy faders syde For thou arte sone of the cook of the Emperour And bycause that thou art of ryght noble blode by thy moders syde thou takest on the and enchaunsest thy self for to doo hygh and excellent prowesses and dedes wherof thou becomest and wexest prowde and thou dyspreysest the dukes erles barons of thy courte wherfore they desyre more thy dethe than thy lyf Item on the other partye bycause that thou art of vylayn blood by thy faders syde thou settest thy self to dyshoneste playes and 〈◊〉 many vyces wherfore thou arte dyspreysed by the prynces barons and thus as moche of one partye as of the other thou myght wel lese thyn empyre But to th ende that thou mayst eschewe the sayd vyces and Inconuenyentes I shal gyue to the a good doctryne For from hens forthon thou shalt doo make to the a gowne of two manere of clothe wherof the one parte shal be of ryght fyne clothe the other parte of right cours clothe to the ende that whan thou shalt be tempted for to doo somme thynge dyshoneste and fowle thou loke on the half of thy gowne whiche is of so fyne clothe that is to wete that thou shalt consydere how thou arte of noble blood by thy moders syde And thus thou shalt chastyse the by thyn owne self Semblably whan