prayed not for the World Iohn 17. 9. From whence some would infer that surely he would not shed his Precious bloud for those on whom he would not vouchsafe to bestow a Prayer But 't is apparent his meaning was that at that time he peculiarly prayed for his Disciples They only as appears by the Context are meant by those that his Father had given him out of the World But afterwards ver 20. He proceeds to pray for all that should believe on him through their word And at his death he prayed for his very Crucifiers And that he could not refuse to pray for the World is apparent from ver 21. where he prayeth that Believers might be one in him and his Father for this reason That the World may believe that He had sent him or might be converted to the Faith of the Gospel These two Objections as weak as they are are the chief ones that are taken out of Scripture against the most Ancient and Catholick Doctrine we have been asserting But I must needs say I have often wondred at their Boldness who have used their utmost endeavours to run down a Doctrine that not only for so many Ages together hath stood unshaken but is also so Abundantly and in the Clearest manner imaginable asserted by Truth it self and those who were Guided into all truth And how they are able not to perceive how grosly they wrest the Holy Scriptures so that if they should use the same Artifice in interpreting all other Texts they would make the Bible to look like a thing that is contrived for the service of every Humour and every Phancy and for both the proving and disproving every thing Certainly if we should take the same liberty in understanding our own and other mens sayings that they take in Expounding the forementioned and the like sayings of our Blessed Saviour and his Apostles Speech would signifie nothing nay be of very pernicious consequence and serve only to abuse and put tricks upon one another If so many plain Texts as can be to all Appearance should require so much labour and pains to be rightly understood 't will be impossible to defend the Holy Scriptures from that Obscurity which the Papists most injuriously charge them with and to preserve the Bible from that Contempt which the higher to advance the Authority of Holy Church it suffers from their prophane Tongues and Pens and wicked Practices But this Doctrine of Vniversal Redemption being so strongly fortified could never have been assaulted were it reconcileable with that of Absolute Reprobation either in the Supra or Sublapsarian way as it is impossible it should be which the too great Admirers of the otherwise very judicious and pious Calvin are so exceedingly tenacious and fond of But 't is much to be wondred at what these men should see in this Doctrine which is so severe in it self and horrid in its necessary Consequences that they should be contented to buy it at so dear a Rate as the Parting with that other most Comfortable Doctrine Especially since this hath no Antiquity to commend it and is not so much as seemingly befriended but by a very few Texts of Scripture and those very fairly capable of quite another sence than at first sight may seem to belong to them but is contradicted by innumerable plain Texts and the concurrent strain both of the New and Old Testament But I must not forget that this Chapter is a Digression from our Main Business And I have thus long insisted upon this Argument that the great Motives contained in the Death of Christ to exchange the Slavery of Sin for his Free service might have their full weight and cogency which would be in danger not only of being weakned but even quite lost by limiting the Design of Christ's Death to some particular persons where the Consequences of such a Limitation are apprehended And I appeal to every Considerative Person whether it be not a mighty Motive and Encouragement to the engaging all the powers of our Souls in this great work of using the Means prescribed for the subduing our Lusts to be assured that every individual person of us is one of those for whom Christ gave himself to redeem them from all iniquity CHAP. IX Wherein are contained Five more Evangelical Motives which are of wonderful Power to excite us to diligence in using the Means of our Deliverance from the Dominion of Sin viz. Our Saviours excellent Example The assurance he hath given us that he will not take such advantage of our Frailties and Weaknesses as to cast us off for them Our Saviours Mediation and Intercession The Glorious Reward he hath purchased for and promised to those who by the Assistance of his Grace overcome their Lusts. And the most dismal Threatnings he hath pronounced against those who receive that Grace in vain and will not be delivered from the Dominion of Sin HAving presented you with the First powerful Motive to diligence in using the Means of our Deliverance from the Dominion of Sin namely The unconceivable Love of God in sending his only Begotten Son upon this Errand of Delivering us and of Christ in so readily taking our Nature upon him and dying a cursed Death for that End And having also fully Demonstrated that no man in the World is excluded from the Benefit designed by the Death of Christ in order to our giving that Motive its full force and strength I proceed to shew that Secondly Another singular Motive is our Saviour's Example As we are by his Example Directed in the several parts of our Duty as hath been shewed And as the frequent Eyeing thereof is a Means as hath been intimated whereby we may be more and more transformed into his Likeness so is it to be considered as a Wonderfully Exciting Motive to comply with those Rules of Righteousness and Goodness which we have naturally the greatest Aversation of Will towards As particularly those which oblige us to the Meek bearing of Indignities the Forgiving the greatest and most Provoking Injuries the Loving our Enemies whereby we shall be set free from the Cruel Tyrants of Revenge and Malice Those also that oblige us to Humility Patience and intire Resignation to the Will of God under the severest Dispensations of his Providence and Contentation with a mean Fortune and low Circumstances in the World which will free us from the inslaving Passions of Pride Anger immoderate Grief Covetousness c. When we consider with what Admirable Evenness of Mind this Great Prince of the Kings of the Earth indured the Contradiction of Sinners against himself How when he was reviled he reviled not again when he suffered he threatned not but committed himself to him who judgeth righteously When we consider with what strange Sedateness of Spirit he bore the Mockings Buffettings and most Contumelious and insolent Behaviour of vile Creatures towards himself It is then hardly Possible that We despicable Worms should Rage and be inflamed upon the
besides her Authority She will have your Assent to their being of Divine Authority to depend wholly upon her Testimony Notwithstanding that God Almighty hath vouchsafed to the World marvellously full and plentiful Evidence thereof and such as is adapted to the capacities of all those who have the use of Reason but never once mentioned this as a part of that Evidence and therefore much less can it be thought the Whole How infinitely ill hath this Corrupt Church deserved at the hands of all Christians although this were the onely Abuse she had put upon them For to say nothing of her Horrible Pride and Uncharitableness in making the truth of the Scriptures dependent on her Testimony that her Pretence supposing her making her self the onely true Church this is the greatest injury imaginable to Christianity nor can she take a surer course than this to make all men Infidels And that upon these two Accounts First This Pretence of hers is immediately founded upon a Precarious and most Evidently false Principle viz. That of her Infallibility I dare appeal to those of her own Sons who have studied the Controversie whether there was ever a more shamefully baffled Cause in the World than this is Whether by their Infallible Church they mean with the Iesuits the Pope alone or with others the Pope with his General Council that is a pack of Bishops and Priests of his own Faction As the Psalmist saith If the Foundations be destroyed what shall the Righteous do So if this be the Foundation of our Christian Faith and that be proved to be a Rotten Foundation as nothing was ever proved if this be not then what shall we Christians do We must then acknowledge our selves a Generation of most Credulous Fools and that our Faith is vain If the Foundation be tottering the whole Superstructure must fall to the Ground But so fond is this Unsatiably Covetous and Ambitious Church of her Great Diana Infallibility by the Pretence whereof she hath raised her self to such a Height and Grandeur that she is well content if that must fall that our Saviour and his Apostles both the Old and New Testament should fall with it And she hath done all that lies in her to make it necessary that those who shall have the wisdom to reject her Ridiculous Doctrine of Infallibility should at the self-same time renounce Christianity If Popery were Chargeable with no other Crime as it is with innumerable others and many of them intolerable I say were it Chargeable with no other Crime but the making our Belief of the Authority of the Books of Scripture to be founded on the Infallibility of the Romish Faction we ought to be as zealous for the Preventing its Reestablishment in this Nation from whence it hath happily been twice Expelled as we are desirous to Preserve the Christian Religion Secondly The Romish Churche's making her Authority the sole Foundation of our Belief of the Scriptures makes the Testimony of the Spirit to the Truth of Christianity in our Saviour when on â—arth and in the Apostles and others in the Primitive Ages to be now perfectly Insignificant I think it makes them to be so as to the Church Representative for she pretends to her Infallibility and consequently to her Infallible Assurance of the Truth of Christianity as an immediâ—te Gift of the Holy Ghost therefore what need hath she of the Testimony of Miracles But as to Private Christians I can by no means understand in what stead they stand them for if the Churches Authority be necessary to their believing the truth of the Scriptures and therefore to their believing that there were those Miracles really wrought which the Writings of the Apostles tell us of then why may they not without any more ado make her Authority the immediate ground of their Assent to the truth of Christianity It is said that the truth of the Matters of Fact are not knowable at this distance such as whether there were such Persons as our Saviour and his Apostles whether they performed such Miracles and the Apostles wrote such Books c. but by the Tradition of the Church because no such Matters are to be known at any considerable distance but by Tradition To this it is Answered that it is one thing to believe the Matters of Fact upon the Churche's Tradition and another to believe them upon her Authority founded upon her Infallibility Now this latter we reject but adhere to the former as a Ground of our belief of those things But then by the Tradition of the Church we are far from meaning that of Rome onely We mean the Catholick Church or the whole Collective Body of Christians throughout the World from the Apostles times down to this present Age of which the Roman Church is but a Part and therefore does Impudently in appropriating Catholicism to her self and that a very Vitiated Part too and that Church Representative an exceedingly small Part. And we receive the Tradition of the Catholick Church as a Ground as I said of believing these Matters not as tâ—e Ground because we take in another Tradition viz. that of those who are out of the Church and Enemies to Christianity the Iews especially In short we believe those and the like matters of Fact upon the same ground that we believe all other wherein Religion is not concerned but there are Circumstances which give the Tradition of Christian matters of Fact a mighty Advantage above other Traditions as unquestionable Assurance as these give men when they are General and Uninterrupted But 't is well known to all who are not strangers to the Popish Writers what lamentable work they make in proving the Testimony of the Church to be the foundation of our Faith concerning the Authority of the Scriptures This Proof they fetch out of the Scriptures themselves and their main Text for this purpose and for the Infallibility of their Church is those words of S. Paul 1 Tim. 3. 15. where he calls the Church the Pillar and Ground of Truth But what a manifest Circle is this We ask them how it appears that the Scriptures are the Word of God They answer it appears from the Testimony of the Church We ask again how it appears that the Testimony of the Church is true They reply it appears from the Scriptures And so they prove the Authority of the Scriptures by the Testimony of the Church and then wheel about again and prove the Authority of the Church by the Testimony of the Scriptures But again We can either be certain of the truth of these words of S. Paul setting aside the Authority of the Church or we cannot be Certain If we can be Certain why then not of the truth of the whole Scripture as well as of this single Text If we cannot be certain of the truth of this Text without the consideration of the Churche's Authority what Folly or rather Knavery is it to make this Text an Argument to prove the thing
Attention in saying their Prayers and numbering them over is as much as is necessary And if we can believe that we need not mind our Prayers we have no reason to blame those of them who do not desire to understand them Nor yet their Church for enjoyning the saying them in a Language which the Generality of Her Children are ignorant of as if She designed in so doing to put an Affront upon S. Paul who hath taught us in the most express terms the quite contrary Doctrine in the 14 Chapter of the First to the Corinthians To conclude this Chapter Our Notion of Christian Liberty is so very far from befriending Popery that 't is not possible it should have a greater Enemy in that it so highly conduceth to the advancing of the true Spirit and Power of Religion and to the perfect ridding our Minds of those two as Great Friends to Popery as Pests to Religion and even Humane Society viz. Superstition and fanaticism I mean by these two a Base Unworthy Apprehension of the Deity and a Blind Irrational Heady Zeal If it be said after all that supposing the two Notions of Christian Liberty which we have now declared our Sense 〈◊〉 be never so false yet we are notwithstanding too confined in Our Notion in â—hat Christian Liberty doth not onely â—onsist in Freedom from the Dominion of 〈◊〉 and the other sad Consequents of it â—ut also in our Freedom as to all things â—fan Indifferent nature to or from which â—e are not determined as by any Divine 〈◊〉 neither by any Humane Law If this â—say be objected our Answer in one â—ord is this This is not Christian but â—his is Natural Liberty That of S. Paul â—ving been in All Ages and in refeâ—ence to all sorts of People as Great a Truth as it hath been since our Saviours â—ime and in reference to Christians viz. Where no Law is there is no Transgression CHAP. XIV An Answer to this Question Whether the Prescribing of Forms of Prayer for the Publick Worship of God be not an Encroachment upon Christian Liberty Wherein it is shewed that this is not a Stifling of the Spirit or Restraining the exercise of his Gift And what in Prayer is not as also what is the Gift of the Spirit Whereby is occasioned an Answer to another Question viz. Whether an Ability for Preaching be properly a Gift of the Spirit WHat hath been last discoursed gives me occasion to Enquire Whether the Imposing of a Liturgy or Forms of Prayer for the Publick Worship of God be not an Encroachment upon Christian Liberty I answer it is if that Principle taken up by very many among us be a true one viz. That this is a Stifling of the Spirit and a Restraining of the Exercise of one of his Gifts If this be so I say it can be no better than a very great invasion of Christian Liberty and a far greater than the mere obliging men to things Indifferent For as S. Paul saith 1 Cor. 12. 7. The Maniâ—estation of the Spirit is given to every man to profit withal and therefore for Christians to be limited in doing good by a Gift of the Spirit must needs be a robbing them of that Liberty which Christ in sending Him design'd to give them By the way it shall be no part of my Reply to say that onely the Ministers are here concerned not at all the People For although a Conceived Prayer of the Minister be of the nature of a prescribed Form to those that joyn with him as to the confining their Spirits yet the People must needs be sufferers by means of their Ministers being stinted in the exercise of a Gift of the Spirit since it was designed for their profit and therefore upon this account and moreover in regard of the Countenance they will thereby give to Authority in such a kind of Sacrilegious Usurpation of power over Ministers it cannot be justifiable in them to Attend willingly upon such Forms But in order to the undeceiving of those who are so tenacious of this conceit that a prescribed Liturgy is a hinderance to the Free Exercise of a Gift of the Spirit I must freely profess that I know of no Gifts of the Spirit which we have warrant from Scripture to believe are continued to the Church at this day besides those which S. Paul calls the Fruits of the Spirit Gal. 5. 22. Where he saith The fruit of the Spirit is Love Ioy Peace Long-suffering Gentleness Goodness Faith Meekness Temperance These and the like Christian Graces are Gifts which the Spirit still bestows and therefore called Graces They are supernatural Gifts as no man by his mere Natural power can obtain them but only by the Spirit 's blessing of our Endeavours and to the sincere use of the Gospel-means the Spirit is always ready to give his blessing And the reason why in these latter Ages these blessed Gifts are bestowed upon no more Professors of Christianity than they are is because the generality of such are miserably wanting to themselves and to the Holy Spirit in refusing to do their part and to cooperate with Him Because they will not attend to the evidence the Spirit hath given to the Truth of the Gospel and therefore have too weak and ineffectual a belief thereof Because they will not consider the Doctrine of the Gospel they will not weigh well and lay to heart its Precepts with the infinitely powerful motives wherewith they are inforced Because they will not listen to the Spirits good motions and suggestions whereby he works in men to Will and begets in them good Resolutions but do truly â—â—ench the Spirit though that phrase is â—sed in reference to his miraculous Gifts and resist the Holy Ghost and because they will not make a believing Application to Him for his powerful Assistance I say it is upon these and such like accounts that the forementioned Gifts of the Spirit are so rare and that the generality of those who are honoured with the Title of Christians are so destitute of them as we see they are Nay multitudes are so befooled by the enemy of their Souls as to expect that the Spirit should do all in them without their doing any thing that He should make them Temperate Righteous Charitable Meek Humble and Submissive to God's Will Heavenly-minded and the like without their due attendance upon those Ordinances of the Word Sacrament and Prayer and serious Consideration and Watchfulness over themselves wherein alone we have ground to expect the powerful working of the Divine Grace in our Souls But I say though these Gifts are observable in so very few comparatively the account whereof I have briefly touched upon and shewed that 't is mens own fault that they are not very common yet we have no warrant from Scripture that I know of to call those which are much more common though they are by many so reputed Gifts of the Spirit notwithstanding the Prophecies and Promises of so
plentiful a pouring of Him out in the times of the Gospel There were indeed common as well as more special Gifts of the Spirit in the First Ages For the miraculous ones of speaking all manner of Tongues Prophesying Healing all sorts of Diseases Casting out Devils c. which were the great Witnesses to the truth of Christianity were very common They were not only conferred upon the Apostles but the private Believers These signs said our Saviour shall follow them that believe in my name c. Mark 16. 17. And not onely on those Believers who were sincere Christians but those also whose Lives were not at all answerable to their Christian profession as appears by those words of our Saviour Mat. 7. 22. And several of these miraculous Gifts we have full assurance from Antiquity did continue in the Church though in nothing so plentiful a measure particularly those of Healing Prophesying and Casting out Devils till about the beginning of the Fourth Century when Providence blessed her with a Christian Emperor and she came to be protected by his Sword and Laws and consequently stood not in such need of those Gifts for the keeping her in Heart and the upholding her Credit and Reputation in the World But as these have ceased for many Ages so the abovesaid Fruits of the Spirit are the onely Endowments now remaining which may in a more peculiar manner be ascribed to Him that is they are the onely Supernatural Endowments As to that therefore which is commonly called the Gift of Prayer we have these things to say First That we have not the least reason to believe that the expressions of the very best mens Prayers are now dictated by the Holy Ghost or that they pray by the Inspiration of the Spirit as to Words or Matter I know not that any sober men do pretend to such a Gift as this in Prayer and too many of those that do pretend to it do manifestly declare by the management of their Gift that either they juggle and are gross Cheats or are sadly deluded What slovenly what ridiculous what bold and impudent expressions are ordinarily heard from them And what a deal of nauseating stuff that hath brought a vile scandal upon Religion and furnished Atheistical and Prophane people with matter of derision Even such stuff as that it is no better than a Blaspheming the Holy Ghost to father it upon Him But I delight not to insist upon this Argument It is objected that S. Paul saith Rom. 8. 26. We know not what we should pray for as we ought but the Spirit it self maketh Intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered I answer that this Text makes not at all for the purpose of those who in this sence pretend to an ability of praying by the Spirit For as for the Apostle's saying that We know not what to pray for as we ought it is to be limited to Temporal things and wholly to them For we do know that all those things which are necessary to our Eternal Felicity viz. all spiritual Blessings are to be prayed for And we do or may know what all those are without inspiration But we do not know whether worldly Prosperity or Affliction may be best for us or what measure of temporal good things or what particulars of such good things and therefore in reference to these things we are not to pray Absolutely but Conditionally and with a Willingness to be denied if God sees it not good to grant them to us And the following words shew that it is not therefore to be concluded that the Spirit will put it into Good peoples hearts what temporal things they should pray for for they tell us that He will back their Petitions in Heaven by interceding for them with unutterable Groanings not that He will put words into their mouths or suggest matter of Prayer to them I dare not say the Spirit never does thus I should be then too bold but we have no ground to expect or hope He should at least in ordinary cases In short whosoever pretends that his Prayers are dictated by the Holy Ghost must have the very same opinion of them that he hath of the Divinely inspired Writings Secondly I say consequently That an ability of uttering our Minds to Almighty God in great variety of words and phrases is as much a Natural Gift or a Gift acquired in an ordinary way that is by study and frequent practising and exercising as any Art or Ability whatsoever Very bad men have been often known to have a notable Faculty this way and so miserably weak and silly are abundance of people as to admire those for excellent Christians in whom they perceive it though they know them guilty of very great immoralities and they have nothing to commend them but this Faculty But there is no man if he will set himself to it and he be made for it that is prepared with a sufficient measure of Boldness and Confidence with a glib Tongue and a warm Head but may be excellent at it Therefore I say how shamefully ignorant and childish are the Vulgar sort I fear the much greater part that this dexterity at pouring forth words to the King of Heaven without fear or wit with a mighty voice great earnestness and abundance of action shall gain to a man a greater repute with them for a precious Christian than all the above-mentioned real fruits of the Spirit put together Although any Hypocrite that is qualified as we now said may with the greatest ease attain to it Such a brave man as this shall lead multitudes by the Nose work his base designs upon them and infuse what Principles he listeth into them Such Babies are the common People too generally in the affairs of Religion and their Spiritual concerns But Si populus vult decipi decipiatur If Folk will be thus cheated and made a prey of who can help it It may grieve us at the Hearts to think what work the Popish Priests and Jesuits may hereafter make as we know that in Disguises they have already made sad work among these silly Sheep No men in the World having a rarer knack at Extemporary performances and at Feigning and Raising of Passions than many of them have But Thirdly The true Spirit of Prayer consisteth in a deep sense of the Incomprehensible Majesty of the great God of the infinite distance that is between Him and us of our unspeakable Obligations to Him and necessary dependance upon Him In an affecting sense of our own Wretchedness and Sinfulness which makes us altogether unworthy to appear in His presence or to receive the least Favour at His hands In a sense of His infinite Goodness Wisdom and Power and an undoubted Belief that whatsoever is really needful for us He knoweth so to be and is both Able and Willing to confer it upon us when we ask it as we ought in the Name of Iesus Add hereunto entire Resignation of our Wills
of God the Powers that be are ordained of God whosoever therefore Resisteth the Power Resisteth the Ordinance of God c. So that all we assert is this that we are bound to obey our lawful Governours for God's sake who hath invested them with the Authority they have over us and commanded us to obey those Laws of theirs which are not contradictory to any of His. Nor do we say that Humane Authority can make more Duties or Sins than God hath made or to speak properly and strictly can make any thing to be a Duty or Sin for it can only Command or Forbid and what it Commands if lawful the Divine Authority makes it a Duty and what it Forbids if not a Duty the Divine Authority makes it a Sin Or to speak in the words of the Learned Bishop Taylor Humane Authority doth not make the action of disobedience to be a Sin It makes that the not compliance of the Subject is Disobedience but it is the Authority of God which makes Disobedience to be a Sin And what immediately follows deserves also to be transcribed in this place viz. And though no Humane Power can give or take Grace away yet we may remember that we our selves throw away God's Grace or abuse it or neglect it when we will not make use of it to the purposes of Humility Charity and Obedience all which are concerned in our Subordination to the Laws There is also this difference between the Obligations of Divine and Humane Laws viz. The Divine Laws bind our Thoughts and the Sense of our Minds they bind us not onely to obey them but to think them also Wise and Good Laws But so do not Humane Laws they oblige onely to Obedience but not to the thinking them such as ought or are fit to be imposed A man may think a Humane Law imprudent or unreasonable and be guilty of no Transgression if notwithstanding he complies with it I mean provided he keeps his thoughts to himself or does not make them publick The forementioned Worthy Prelate layeth down no sewer than Ten or Eleven differences of Divine and Humane Laws in their obligation in his Ductor Dubitantium Whether they will all hold or no or may not be reduced to a smaller number I will not take upon me to say but thither I refer the Reader And thus much may serve to be spoken to the First thing premised viz. That Conscience is not so Sacred a thing as to be uncapable of being bound by Humane Laws Secondly I premise also that no man can be deprived properly of the true Liberty of his Conscience by any Power on Earth I mean without his own consent no Mortal nor any Creature is able to invade it This will appear by considering what that is which is called Conscience Conscience is The Mind of a man considered as possessed with certain practical principles and comparing his own actions with those principles doth according as he finds them agreeing or disagreeing with them judge of himself either absolve or condemn himself So that there are three Offices of Conscience The first is That of assenting to and embracing certain practical principles as Laws for the governing a man's self The second is That of comparing ones self or actions with those Rules or Principles The third That of passing judgment of ones self accordingly Now that is properly Liberty of Conscience and that onely which relates to the execution of these three Offices But the Acts of Conscience in executing these Offices being all Internal and within a mans Soul how can its Liberty in exerting those Acts be infringed by any Humane Power What Earthly Power can make me Assent to or believe what it pleaseth Can so give Laws to my Conscience as to necessitate me to receive them for such and to think them good Laws and safe to steer my Actions by Again how can any such Power deprive me of my Liberty to compare my Actions with such Rules as I think I am obliged to be governed by And having reflected upon my self and actions and made this comparison how can any such Power abridge me of Liberty to Absolve my self if I find my actions agreeing with those Rules or to Condemn my self if I find the contrary Can make me Condemn when I ought to Acquit my self or Acquit when I see reason to Condemn my self So that the Liberty which is with so much heat contended for by some and inveighed against by others under the name of Liberty of Conscience is truly and properly Liberty of Practice not of Conscience And the great thing in contest is Whether a Liberty of doing what a man's Conscience tells him he ought to do and of forbearing what it tells him he ought to forbear be an inviolable Right and not to be invaded by Humane Authority This being the true state of the Question I shall endeavour an Answer thereunto in these following Propositions Prop. 1. That there are two Extremes about this matter to be carefully avoided First That of Asserting an unlimited Liberty of practising according to a mans Conscience Secondly That of over-great severity in Restraining this Liberty First As to the Extreme of Asserting an unlimited Liberty of practising according to a man's Conscience This will appear to be an Extreme indeed and a very wild and mad one if we consider that there is scarcely any thing so extravagant or wicked but the Consciences of some or other may urge them to it Nay it is certain that men have pretended Conscience for some of the most impious and most villanous actions in the World So the Papists have done among our selves we all know And another sort of People too whose principles though very bad were better than theirs And it is not possible for us to know that their pretences of Conscience were mâ—re pretences Nor is it hard for us to perswade our selves that through the just judgment of God for past provocations the Spirit of delusion may be permitted to have such power over some mens Consciences as that they shall call evil good and good evil put darkness for light and light for darkness and bitter for sweet and sweet for bitter for we find a Woe pronounced against such as do so Esay 5. 20. which there would not have been if there were no such men nor could be And it is said of some 2 Thess. 2. 10 11 12. that Because they received not the love of the truth that they might be saved God shall send them or permit to be sent them strong delusions 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 strength of delusion that they should believe a lie That they all might be damned who believed not the truth but had pleasure in unrighteousness Our Saviour foretold his Disciples Iohn 16. 2. that The time cometh that whosoever killeth you will think that he doth God service That is the time is coming when men shall kill you out of Conscience As no doubt the Papists have done
contradict them Secondly As our Saviour and his Apostles do so express the Persons for whom he died as that they must necessarily be the Universality of Mankind so we learn from S. Paul that the Remedy by Christ is of equal extent with the mischief occasioned by Adam That the Sore is not so broad but the Plaister is every whit as broad Rom. 5. 18. Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation even so by the Righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men to justification of life Can anything be said plainer than this is in these words viz. That as many as fell by the Transgression of Adam were designed to be recovered by the Righteousness of Christ But it is Objected that it follows in the 19. ver that By the obedience of one shall Many he made Righteous As our Saviour himself saith This is the New Testament in my bloud which was shed for Many for the Remission of Sins But that this is a Strange objection will appear by comparing the latter part of that 19. ver with the former For as by one mans disobedience Many were made sinners So that as many were put into a possibility of being justified by the Righteousness of Christ and we do not desire that more should as were made Sinners or made liable to condemnation by the Disobedience of Adam And by this means the Reign of Grace to Eternal life was designed to be no more limited than was the Reign of Sin to death As it follows in the 21. ver That as Sin hath reigned unto death even so might Grace reign through Righteousness unto Eternal life by Iesus Christ our Lord. And it is not to be wondered at that the word Many should signifie All for it is well known that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Many or the Many is used in other Greek Authors to signifie all as well as in the New Testament So that these Texts do most necessarily and plainly speak thus much That none that hear the Gospel shall fall short of Salvation but through their Unbelief and Disobedience their wilful rejecting the Remedy offered them Nor any neither that never heard the Gospel merely for the Transgression of their first Parents but only for their own Sins I mean their wilful disobedience to that light they have And that none to whom the Gospel is preached are excluded from Salvation by Christ is manifestly implied in those words of our Saviour Iohn 3. 14. As Moses lifted up the Serpent in the Wilderness even so must the Son of man be lifted up that whosoever believeth in him should not perish but have everlasting life As the Brazen Serpent was erected for the Cure of all that were stung by the Fiery Serpent none excepted but such as would not look up to it for that end So none shall be shut out from the benefit designed by the Son of man's being lifted up upon the Cross but such as will not believe that is apply themselves to him in that way which he hath appointed for the obtaining of it And though our Saviour saith ver 19. of that Chapter that This is the condemnation that a light is come into the World Yet he immediately explains himself in the following words and men loved darkness rather than light because their deeds are evil Or Mens being condemned by the occasion of his coming is to be imputed to their Rejecting him and so refusing to comply with the most reasonable terms of his New Gracious Covenant not to his or his Father's design in his Coming For he saith Iohn 12. 47. I came not to judge the World but to save the World Thirdly We are assured that Christ died even for those that perish The Apostle saith 1 Cor. 8. 11. If any man see thee which hast knowledge sit at meat in the Idols Temple shall not the Conscience of him that is weak be imboldened to eat those things which are offered to Idols and through thy knowledge shall the weak Brother perish for whom Christ died Here it is supposed that a man may perish for whom Christ died And consequently that he died for Reprobates themselves that is those that have made themselves so for if Christ died for all there can be no other Reprobates Again Rom. 14. 15. Destroy not him with thy meat for whom Christ died And the Author to the Hebrews expresly preacheth this Doctrine Chap. 10. 29. Of how much sorer punishment suppose ye shall he be thought worthy who hath trodden under foot the Son of God and hath counted the bloud of the Covenant wherewith he was Sanctified or Consecrated an unholy thing S. Peter likewise asserts the same 2 Epist. 2. 1. But there were false Prophets also among the People even as there will be false Teachers among you who privily will bring in damnable Heresies even denying the Lord that bought them and bring upon themselves swift destruction So that these vile wretches were not destroyed because Christ did not redeem them for they are said to be bought or redeemed by him as well as others but they brought upon themselves swift destruction Lastly If this Doctrine be false that Christ died for all then none are or can be condemned for not Believing in him notwithstanding that the condemnation of men is so continually ascribed thereunto For 't is a plain case that those for whom Christ did not die can be no more obliged to believe in him than the Devils are And to say that any are condemned for not doing that which it was not their duty to do will I hope be acknowledged the grossest absurdity This little in comparison of what might be said to demonstrate the truth of this Great Article of our Faith is much more than barely sufficient to give us an undoubted assurance of it The truth is the Sun doth not shine more bright in the Firmament than doth this Doctrine in the New Testament And I know nothing we can be assured of upon Scripture Authority if this be False or Uncertain I verily believe that there are few of the Greatest Points of our Christian Faith but may as plausibly be objected against as this Doctrine from Scripture 'T is said indeed by our Saviour Iohn 10. 5. I lay down my life for my sheep But did he ever say I lay down my life for none but my sheep If he had we must have concluded either that the whole World are his Sheep or that which is far worse that he said and unsaid and contradicted himself and so destroyed the Foundation of our Faith and Hope But in saying He laid down his life for his sheep his meaning was that those who obeyed his voice should receive the benefit of his death and such Sheep he would have all to be For as we have seen in 1 Tim. 2. 4. He would have all men to be saved and to come to the acknowledgment of the truth Again our Saviour saith that He