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all_o the_o brevity_n and_o clearness_n i_o can_v and_o i_o doubt_v not_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o universality_n though_o that_o be_v no-wise_a necessary_a to_o justify_v the_o truth_n of_o any_o religion_n we_o be_v not_o inferior_a to_o they_o if_o we_o take_v in_o the_o christian_n of_o all_o age_n and_o of_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o antiquity_n that_o our_o faith_n and_o the_o doctrine_n of_o our_o religion_n have_v clear_o the_o advantage_n of_o they_o all_o our_o faith_n be_v unquestionable_o ancient_a there_o be_v not_o so_o 1._o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o universality_n which_o they_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n i_o know_v not_o for_o what_o reason_n will_v needs_o make_v a_o inseparable_a property_n and_o mark_n of_o the_o true_a church_n and_o they_o never_o stout_a at_o the_o protestant_a religion_n with_o so_o good_a a_o grace_n among_o the_o ignorant_a people_n as_o when_o they_o be_v 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the_o sewer_n so_o have_v the_o true_a church_n of_o god_n often_o be_v without_o any_o the_o least_o prejudice_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o their_o religion_n what_o think_v we_o of_o the_o church_n in_o abraham_n time_n which_o for_o aught_o we_o know_v be_v confine_v to_o one_o family_n and_o one_o small_a kingdom_n that_o of_o melchisedec_n king_n of_o salem_n what_o think_v we_o of_o it_o in_o moses_n his_o time_n when_o it_o be_v confine_v to_o one_o people_n wander_v in_o a_o wilderness_n what_o of_o it_o in_o elijah_n time_n when_o beside_o the_o two_o tribe_n that_o worship_v at_o jerusalem_n there_o be_v in_o the_o other_o ten_o but_o seven_o thousand_o that_o have_v not_o bow_v their_o knee_n to_o baal_n what_o in_o our_o saviour_n time_n when_o the_o whole_a christian_a church_n consist_v of_o twelve_o apostle_n and_o seventy_o disciple_n and_o some_o few_o follower_n beside_o how_o will_v bellarmine_n have_v despise_v this_o little_a flock_n because_o it_o want_v one_o or_o 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for_o if_o this_o argument_n be_v of_o any_o force_n the_o great_a number_n never_o go_v wrong_n 2._o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o antiquity_n this_o be_v not_o always_o a_o certain_a mark_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n for_o sure_o there_o be_v a_o time_n when_o christianity_n begin_v and_o be_v a_o new_a profession_n and_o then_o both_o judaisme_n and_o paganism_n have_v certain_o the_o advantage_n of_o it_o in_o point_n of_o antiquity_n but_o the_o proper_a question_n in_o this_o case_n be_v which_o be_v the_o true_a ancient_a christian_a faith_n that_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n or_o we_o and_o to_o make_v this_o matter_n plain_a it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o roman_a faith_n be_v the_o same_o with_o we_o as_o namely_o the_o article_n of_o the_o apostle_n creed_n as_o explain_v by_o the_o first_o four_o general_n council_n and_o these_o make_v up_o our_o whole_a faith_n so_o far_o as_o concern_v matter_n of_o mere_a and_o simple_a belief_n that_o be_v of_o absolute_a necessity_n to_o salvation_n and_o in_o this_o faith_n of_o we_o there_o be_v nothing_o want_v that_o can_v be_v show_v in_o any_o ancient_a creed_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n and_o thus_o far_o our_o faith_n and_o they_o of_o the_o roman_a church_n be_v undoubted_o of_o equal_a antiquity_n that_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o christianity_n itself_o all_o the_o question_n be_v as_o to_o the_o matter_n in_o difference_n between_o we_o the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v the_o twelve_o new_a article_n of_o the_o creed_n of_o pope_n pius_n the_o iv_o concern_v the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o mass_n transubstantiation_n the_o communion_n in_o one_o kind_n only_o purgatory_n etc._n etc._n not_o one_o of_o which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o ancient_a creed_n or_o confession_n of_o faith_n general_o allow_v in_o the_o christian_a church_n the_o antiquity_n of_o these_o we_o deny_v and_o affirm_v they_o to_o be_v innovation_n and_o have_v particular_o prove_v they_o to_o be_v so_o not_o only_o to_o the_o answer_v but_o almost_o to_o the_o silence_v of_o our_o adversary_n and_o as_o for_o the_o negative_a article_n of_o the_o protestant_a religion_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o error_n and_o corruption_n of_o the_o romish_a faith_n these_o be_v by_o accident_n become_v a_o part_n of_o our_o faith_n and_o religion_n occasion_v by_o their_o error_n as_o the_o renounce_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o arianism_n become_v part_n of_o the_o catholic_n religion_n after_o the_o rise_n of_o that_o heresy_n so_o that_o the_o case_n be_v plain_o this_o we_o believe_v and_o teach_v all_o that_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o creed_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_a church_n and_o be_v by_o they_o esteem_v necessary_a to_o salvation_n and_o this_o be_v our_o religion_n but_o now_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v innovate_v in_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o make_v several_a addition_n to_o it_o and_o great_o corrupt_v it_o both_o in_o the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o it_o and_o these_o addition_n and_o corruption_n be_v their_o religion_n as_o it_o be_v distinct_a from_o we_o and_o both_o because_o they_o be_v corruption_n and_o novelty_n we_o have_v reject_v they_o and_o our_o rejection_n of_o these_o be_v our_o reformation_n and_o our_o reformation_n we_o grant_v if_o this_o will_v do_v they_o any_o good_a not_o to_o be_v so_o ancient_a as_o their_o corruption_n all_o reformation_n necessary_o suppose_v corruption_n and_o error_n to_o have_v be_v before_o it_o and_o now_o we_o be_v at_o a_o little_a better_a leisure_n to_o answer_v that_o captious_a question_n of_o they_o where_o be_v your_o religion_n before_o luther_n wherever_o christianity_n be_v in_o some_o place_n more_o pure_a in_o other_o more_o corrupt_v but_o especial_o in_o these_o western_a part_n of_o christendom_n overgrow_v for_o several_a age_n with_o
prophet_n who_o teach_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o that_o natural_a notion_n which_o man_n have_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o god_n who_o only_o ought_v to_o be_v worship_v 5._o nothing_o ought_v to_o he_o receive_v as_o a_o divine_a doctrine_n and_o revelation_n without_o good_a evidence_n that_o it_o be_v so_o that_o be_v without_o some_o argument_n sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v a_o prudent_a and_o considerate_a man_n now_o suppose_v there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o revelation_n that_o be_v evident_o contrary_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o natural_a religion_n nor_o to_o any_o former_a revelation_n which_o have_v already_o receive_v a_o great_a and_o more_o solemn_a attestation_n from_o god_n miracle_n be_v own_v by_o all_o mankind_n to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a testimony_n to_o any_o person_n or_o doctrine_n that_o be_v from_o god_n this_o be_v the_o testimony_n which_o god_n give_v to_o moses_n to_o satisfy_v the_o people_n of_o israel_n that_o he_o have_v send_v he_o ex_v 4.1_o 2._o moses_n say_v they_o will_v not_o believe_v i_o nor_o hearken_v unto_o my_o voice_n for_o they_o will_v say_v the_o lord_n have_v not_o appear_v unto_o thou_o upon_o this_o god_n endue_v he_o with_o a_o power_n of_o miracle_n to_o be_v a_o evidence_n to_o they_o that_o they_o may_v believe_v that_o the_o god_n of_o their_o father_n abraham_n isaac_n and_o jacob_n have_v appear_v unto_o thou_o and_o all_o along_o in_o the_o old_a testament_n when_o god_n send_v his_o prophet_n to_o make_v a_o new_a revelation_n or_o upon_o any_o strange_a and_o extraordinary_a message_n he_o always_o give_v credit_n to_o they_o by_o some_o sign_n or_o wonder_v which_o they_o foretell_v or_o wrought_v and_o when_o he_o send_v his_o son_n into_o the_o world_n he_o give_v testimony_n to_o he_o by_o innumerable_a great_a and_o unquestionable_a miracle_n more_o and_o grear_a than_o moses_n and_o all_o the_o prophet_n have_v wrought_v and_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n for_o this_o because_o our_o saviour_n come_v not_o only_o to_o publish_v a_o new_a religion_n to_o the_o world_n but_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o that_o religion_n which_o god_n have_v institute_v before_o and_o now_o that_o the_o gospel_n have_v have_v the_o confirmation_n of_o such_o miracle_n as_o never_o be_v wrought_v upon_o any_o other_o occasion_n no_o evidence_n inferior_a to_o this_o can_v in_o reason_n control_v this_o revelation_n or_o give_v credit_n to_o any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o it_o and_o therefore_o though_o the_o false_a prophet_n and_o antichrist_n foretell_v by_o our_o saviour_n do_v real_o work_v miracle_n yet_o they_o be_v so_o inconsiderable_a in_o comparison_n of_o our_o saviour_n that_o they_o deserve_v no_o credit_n in_o opposition_n to_o that_o revelation_n which_o have_v so_o clear_a a_o testimony_n give_v to_o it_o from_o heaven_n by_o miracle_n beside_o all_o other_o concur_v argument_n to_o confirm_v it_o 6._o and_o last_o no_o argument_n be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v a_o doctrine_n or_o revelation_n to_o be_v from_o god_n which_o be_v not_o clear_a and_o strong_a than_o the_o difficulty_n and_o objection_n against_o it_o because_o all_o assent_n be_v ground_v upon_o evidence_n and_o the_o strong_a and_o clear_a evidence_n always_o carry_v it_o but_o where_o the_o evidence_n be_v equal_a on_o both_o side_n that_o can_v produce_v nothing_o but_o a_o suspense_n and_o doubt_n in_o the_o mind_n whether_o the_o thing_n be_v true_a or_o not_o if_o moses_n have_v not_o confute_v pharaoh_n magician_n by_o work_a miracle_n which_o they_o can_v not_o work_v they_o may_v reasonable_o have_v dispute_v it_o with_o he_o who_o have_v be_v the_o true_a prophet_n but_o when_o he_o do_v work_n plain_o above_o the_o power_n of_o their_o magic_n and_o the_o devil_n to_o do_v than_o they_o submit_v and_o acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v the_o finger_n of_o god_n so_o likewise_o though_o a_o person_n work_v a_o miracle_n which_o ordinary_o be_v a_o good_a evidence_n that_o he_o be_v send_v by_o god_n yet_o if_o the_o doctrine_n he_o bring_v be_v plain_o contrary_a to_o those_o natural_a notion_n which_o we_o have_v of_o god_n this_o be_v a_o better_a objection_n against_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o doctrine_n than_o the_o other_o be_v a_o proof_n of_o it_o as_o be_v plain_a in_o the_o case_n which_o moses_n put_v deut._n 13._o which_o i_o mention_v before_o upon_o the_o same_o account_v no_o man_n can_v reasonable_o believe_v the_o doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n to_o be_v reveal_v by_o god_n because_o every_o man_n have_v as_o great_a evidence_n that_o transubstantiation_n be_v false_a as_o any_o man_n can_v pretend_v to_o have_v that_o god_n have_v reveal_v any_o such_o thing_n suppose_v transubstantiation_n to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n it_o must_v have_v the_o same_o confirmation_n with_o the_o whole_a and_o that_o be_v miracle_n but_o of_o all_o doctrine_n in_o the_o world_n it_o be_v peculiar_o incapable_a of_o be_v prove_v by_o a_o miracle_n for_o if_o a_o miracle_n be_v wrought_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o it_o the_o very_a same_o assurance_n which_o a_o man_n have_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o miracle_n he_o have_v of_o the_o falsehood_n of_o the_o doctrine_n that_o be_v the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o his_o sense_n for_o both_o for_o that_o there_o be_v a_o miracle_n wrought_v to_o prove_v that_o what_o he_o see_v in_o the_o sacrament_n be_v not_o bread_n but_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n he_o have_v only_o the_o evidence_n of_o his_o sense_n and_o he_o have_v the_o very_a same_o evidence_n to_o prove_v that_o what_o he_o see_v in_o the_o sacrament_n be_v not_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n but_o bread_n so_o that_o here_o arise_v a_o new_a controversy_n whether_o a_o man_n shall_v believe_v his_o sense_n give_v testimony_n against_o the_o doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n or_o bear_v testimony_n to_o the_o miracle_n which_o be_v wrought_v to_o confirm_v that_o doctrine_n for_o there_o be_v just_a the_o same_o evidence_n against_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o doctrine_n which_o there_o be_v for_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o miracle_n so_o that_o the_o argument_n for_o transubstantiation_n and_o the_o objection_n against_o it_o do_v just_o balance_v one_o another_o and_o where_o the_o weight_n in_o both_o scale_n be_v equal_a it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o one_o shall_v weigh_v down_o the_o other_o and_o consequent_o transubstantiation_n be_v not_o to_o be_v prove_v by_o a_o miracle_n for_o that_o will_v be_v to_o prove_v to_o a_o man_n by_o something_o that_o he_o see_v that_o he_o do_v not_o see_v what_o he_o see_v and_o thus_o i_o have_v endeavour_v as_o brief_o and_o clear_o as_o i_o can_v to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o first_o enquiry_n i_o propound_v viz._n how_o we_o may_v discern_v between_o true_a and_o counterfeit_a revelation_n and_o doctrine_n i_o proceed_v now_o to_o the_o two_o to_o who_o this_o judgement_n of_o discern_v do_v appertain_v whether_o to_o christian_n in_o general_a or_o to_o some_o particular_a person_n or_o person_n authorise_v by_o god_n to_o judge_v for_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n by_o who_o judgement_n all_o man_n be_v conclude_v and_o bind_v up_o and_o this_o be_v a_o enquiry_n of_o no_o small_a importance_n because_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o fundamental_a point_n in_o difference_n between_o we_o and_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o however_o in_o many_o particular_a controversy_n as_o concern_v transubstantiation_n the_o communion_n in_o one_o kind_n the_o service_n of_o god_n in_o a_o unknown_a tongue_n the_o business_n of_o indulgence_n the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n the_o worship_n of_o image_n they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o offer_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v fit_a to_o move_v a_o reasonable_a and_o considerate_a man_n yet_o in_o this_o controversy_n concern_v the_o judge_n of_o controversy_n they_o be_v not_o destitute_a of_o some_o specious_a appearance_n of_o reason_n which_o deserve_v to_o 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and_o above_o all_o let_v we_o resolve_v to_o live_v according_a to_o the_o excellent_a rule_n and_o precept_n of_o our_o holy_a religion_n let_v we_o hearty_o obey_v that_o doctrine_n which_o we_o profess_v to_o believe_v we_o who_o enjoy_v the_o protestant_a religion_n have_v all_o the_o mean_n and_o advantage_n of_o understand_v the_o will_n of_o god_n free_a liberty_n and_o full_a scope_n of_o inquire_v into_o it_o and_o inform_v ourselves_o concern_v it_o we_o have_v all_o the_o opportunity_n we_o can_v wish_v of_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o duty_n the_o oracle_n of_o god_n lie_v open_a to_o we_o and_o his_o law_n be_v continual_o before_o our_o eye_n his_o word_n be_v nigh_o unto_o we_o in_o our_o mouth_n and_o in_o our_o heart_n that_o be_v we_o may_v read_v it_o and_o meditate_v upon_o it_o that_o we_o may_v do_v it_o the_o key_n of_o knowledge_n be_v put_v into_o our_o hand_n so_o that_o if_o we_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n it_o be_v 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be_v lose_v in_o the_o way_n to_o heaven_n and_o perish_v in_o the_o very_a road_n to_o salvation_n but_o if_o we_o will_v in_o good_a earnest_n apply_v ourselves_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o obedience_n of_o god_n holy_a law_n his_o grace_n will_v never_o be_v want_v to_o we_o to_o so_o good_a a_o purpose_n i_o have_v not_o time_n to_o recommend_v religion_n to_o you_o at_o large_a with_o all_o its_o advantage_n i_o will_v comprise_v what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v in_o a_o few_o word_n and_o mind_n they_o at_o your_o peril_n let_v that_o which_o be_v our_o great_a concernment_n be_v our_o great_a care_n to_o know_v the_o truth_n and_o to_o do_v it_o to_o fear_n god_n and_o keep_v his_o commandment_n consider_v the_o reasonableness_n and_o the_o reward_n of_o piety_n arid_a virtue_n nothing_o can_v be_v wise_a and_o consider_v the_o mighty_a assistance_n of_o god_n grace_n which_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o afford_v to_o we_o and_o the_o unspeakable_a satisfaction_n and_o delight_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v in_o the_o do_n of_o our_o duty_n nothing_o can_v be_v easy_o nothing_o will_v give_v we_o that_o pleasure_n while_o we_o live_v nothing_o can_v minister_v that_o true_a and_o solid_a comfort_n to_o we_o when_o we_o come_v to_o die_v there_o be_v probable_o no_v such_o way_n for_o a_o man_n to_o be_v happy_a in_o this_o world_n to_o be_v sure_a there_o be_v no_o way_n but_o this_o to_o escape_v the_o intolerable_a and_o endless_a misery_n of_o another_o world_n now_o god_n grant_v that_o we_o may_v all_o know_v and_o do_v in_o this_o our_o day_n the_o thing_n that_o belong_v to_o our_o peace_n for_o his_o mercy_n sake_n in_o jesus_n christ_n to_o who_o with_o the_o father_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n be_v all_o honour_n and_o glory_n now_o and_o for_o ever_o amen_n a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o the_o assize_n hold_v at_o kingston_n upon_o thames_n july_n 21._o 1681._o to_o the_o right_n worshipful_a and_o my_o honour_a friend_n joseph_n reeve_n esq_n high_a sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n of_o surrey_z sir_n when_o i_o have_v perform_v the_o service_n which_o you_o be_v please_v to_o call_v i_o to_o in_o the_o preach_n of_o this_o sermon_n i_o have_v no_o thought_n of_o make_v it_o more_o public_a and_o yet_o in_o this_o also_o i_o be_v the_o more_o easy_o induce_v to_o comply_v with_o your_o desire_n because_o of_o the_o suitableness_n of_o the_o argument_n to_o the_o age_n in_o which_o we_o live_v wherein_o as_o man_n have_v run_v into_o the_o wild_a extremity_n in_o other_o thing_n so_o particular_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o oath_n some_o make_v conscience_n of_o take_v any_o oath_n at_o all_o and_o too_o many_o none_o at_o all_o of_o break_v they_o to_o convince_v the_o great_a mistake_n of_o the_o one_o extreme_a and_o to_o check_v the_o grow_a evil_a and_o mischief_n of_o the_o other_o be_v the_o chief_a design_n of_o this_o discourse_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v be_v very_o glad_a if_o by_o god_n blessing_n it_o may_v prove_v any-wise_a serviceable_a i_o be_o sir_n your_o very_a faithful_a and_o humble_a servant_n jo._n tillotson_n the_o lawfulness_n and_o obligation_n of_o oath_n a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o the_o assize_n hold_v at_o kingston_n upon_o thames_n july_n 21._o 1681._o heb._n vi_o 16._o and_o a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n be_v to_o they_o a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n the_o necessity_n of_o religion_n to_o the_o support_n of_o humane_a society_n in_o nothing_o appear_v more_o evident_o than_o in_o this_o that_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v so_o necessary_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o peace_n and_o justice_n among_o man_n depend_v whole_o upon_o the_o sense_n and_o belief_n of_o a_o deity_n for_o no_o reason_n can_v be_v imagine_v why_o any_o man_n that_o do_v not_o believe_v a_o god_n shall_v make_v the_o least_o conscience_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o solemn_a appeal_n to_o god_n as_o a_o witness_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o we_o say_v so_o that_o whoever_o promote_v atheism_n and_o infidelity_n do_v the_o most_o destructive_a thing_n imaginable_a to_o human_a society_n because_o he_o take_v away_o the_o reverence_n and_o obligation_n of_o oath_n and_o whenever_o that_o be_v general_o cast_v off_o human_a society_n must_v disband_v and_o all_o thing_n run_v into_o disorder_n the_o just_a sense_n whereof_o make_v david_n cry_v out_o to_o god_n with_o so_o much_o earnestness_n as_o if_o the_o world_n have_v be_v crack_v and_o the_o frame_n of_o it_o ready_a to_o break_v in_o piece_n psal_n 12._o help_v lord_n for_o the_o righteous_a man_n cease_v and_o the_o faithful_a fail_n from_o among_o the_o child_n of_o man_n intimate_v that_o when_o faith_n fail_v from_o among_o man_n nothing_o but_o a_o particular_a and_o immediate_a interposition_n of_o the_o divine_a providence_n can_v preserve_v the_o world_n from_o fall_v into_o confusion_n and_o our_o bless_a saviour_n give_v this_o as_o a_o sign_n of_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o approach_a dissolution_n of_o all_o thing_n when_o faith_n and_o truth_n shall_v hardly_o be_v find_v among_o man_n luke_n 18.8_o when_o the_o son_n of_o man_n come_v shall_v he_o find_v faith_n on_o the_o earth_n this_o state_n of_o thing_n do_v loud_o call_v for_o his_o come_n to_o destroy_v the_o world_n which_o be_v even_o ready_a to_o dissolve_v and_o fall_v in_o piece_n of_o itself_o when_o these_o band_n and_o pillar_n of_o humane_a society_n do_v break_v and_o fail_v and_o sure_o never_o in_o any_o age_n be_v this_o sign_n of_o the_o come_n of_o the_o son_n of_o man_n more_o glare_a and_o terrible_a than_o in_o this_o degenerate_a age_n wherein_o we_o live_v when_o almost_o all_o sort_n of_o man_n seem_v to_o have_v break_v loose_a from_o all_o obligation_n to_o faith_n and_o truth_n and_o therefore_o i_o do_v not_o know_v any_o argument_n more_o proper_a and_o useful_a to_o be_v treat_v of_o upon_o this_o occasion_n than_o of_o the_o nature_n and_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v the_o utmost_a security_n that_o one_o man_n can_v give_v to_o another_o of_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o he_o say_v the_o strong_a tie_n of_o fideility_n the_o sure_a ground_n of_o judicial_a proceed_n and_o the_o most_o firm_a and_o sacred_a bond_n that_o can_v be_v lay_v upon_o all_o that_o be_v concern_v in_o the_o administration_n of_o public_a justice_n upon_o judge_n and_o jury_n and_o witness_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n i_o have_v pitch_v upon_o these_o word_n in_o which_o the_o apostle_n declare_v to_o we_o the_o great_a use_n and_o necessity_n of_o oath_n among_o man_n a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n be_v to_o they_o a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n he_o have_v say_v before_o
that_o for_o our_o great_a assurance_n and_o comfort_n god_n have_v confirm_v his_o promise_n to_o we_o by_o a_o oath_n condescend_v herein_o to_o deal_v with_o we_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n who_o when_o they_o will_v give_v credit_n to_o a_o doubtful_a matter_n confirm_v what_o they_o say_v by_o a_o oath_n and_o general_o when_o any_o doubt_n or_o controversy_n arise_v between_o party_n concern_v a_o matter_n of_o fact_n one_o side_n affirm_v and_o the_o other_o deny_v a_o end_n be_v put_v to_o this_o contest_v by_o a_o oath_n a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n be_v to_o they_o a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o great_a assurance_n and_o establishment_n of_o a_o thing_n not_o that_o a_o oath_n be_v always_o a_o certain_a and_o infallible_a decision_n of_o thing_n according_a to_o truth_n and_o right_n but_o that_o this_o be_v the_o utmost_a credit_n that_o we_o can_v give_v to_o any_o thing_n and_o the_o last_o resort_n of_o truth_n and_o confidence_n among_o man_n after_o this_o we_o can_v go_v no_o far_o for_o if_o the_o religion_n of_o a_o oath_n will_v not_o oblige_v man_n to_o speak_v truth_n nothing_o will_n this_o be_v the_o utmost_a secutity_n that_o man_n can_v give_v and_o must_v therefore_o be_v the_o final_a decision_n of_o all_o contest_v a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n be_v to_o they_o a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n now_o from_o this_o assertion_n of_o the_o apostle_n concern_v the_o great_a use_n and_o end_n of_o oath_n among_o man_n i_o shall_v take_v occasion_n 1._o to_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o the_o kind_n of_o it_o 2._o to_o show_v the_o great_a use_n and_o even_a necessity_n of_o oath_n in_o many_o case_n 3._o to_o vindicate_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o they_o where_o they_o be_v necessary_a 4._o to_o show_v the_o sacred_a obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n i_o shall_v be_v as_o brief_a in_o these_o as_o the_o just_a handle_n of_o they_o will_v bear_v i._o for_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o the_o kind_n of_o it_o a_o oath_n be_v a_o invocation_n of_o god_n or_o a_o appeal_n to_o he_o as_o a_o witness_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o we_o say_v so_o that_o a_o oath_n be_v a_o sacred_a thing_n as_o be_v a_o act_n of_o religion_n and_o a_o invocation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n and_o this_o whether_o the_o name_n of_o god_n be_v express_o mention_v in_o it_o or_o not_o if_o a_o man_n only_o say_v i_o swear_v or_o i_o take_v my_o oath_n that_o a_o thing_n be_v or_o be_v not_o so_o or_o so_o or_o that_o i_o will_v or_o will_v not_o do_v such_o a_o thing_n or_o if_o a_o man_n answer_n upon_o his_o oath_n be_v adjure_v and_o require_v so_o to_o do_v or_o if_o a_o man_n swear_v by_o heaven_n or_o by_o earth_n or_o by_o any_o other_o thing_n that_o have_v relation_n to_o god_n in_o all_o these_o case_n a_o man_n do_v virtual_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v and_o in_o so_o do_v he_o do_v by_o consequence_n invoke_v he_o as_o a_o judge_n and_o a_o avenger_n in_o case_n what_o he_o swear_v be_v not_o true_a and_o if_o this_o be_v express_v the_o oath_n be_v a_o formal_a imprecation_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v or_o not_o a_o curse_n upon_o ourselves_o be_v always_o imply_v in_o case_n of_o perjury_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o oath_n assertory_n and_o promissory_a a_o assertory_n oath_n be_v when_o a_o man_n affirm_v or_o deny_v upon_o oath_n a_o matter_n of_o fact_n past_a or_o present_v when_o he_o swear_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v or_o be_v so_o or_o not_o so_o a_o promissory_a oath_n be_v a_o promise_n confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n which_o always_o respect_v something_o that_o be_v future_a and_o if_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v direct_o and_o immediate_o to_o god_n than_o it_o be_v call_v a_o vow_n if_o to_o man_n a_o oath_n i_o proceed_v to_o the_o ii_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o show_v the_o great_a use_n and_o even_a necessity_n of_o oath_n in_o many_o case_n which_o be_v so_o great_a that_o humane_a society_n can_v very_o hardly_o if_o at_o all_o subsist_v long_o without_o they_o government_n will_v many_o time_n be_v very_o insecure_a and_o for_o the_o faithful_a discharge_n of_o office_n of_o great_a trust_n in_o which_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o public_a be_v near_o concern_v it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o find_v any_o security_n equal_a to_o that_o of_o a_o oath_n because_o the_o obligation_n of_o that_o reach_v to_o the_o most_o secret_a and_o hide_a practice_n of_o man_n and_o take_v hold_v of_o they_o in_o many_o case_n where_o the_o penalty_n of_o no_o humane_a law_n can_v have_v any_o awe_n or_o force_v upon_o they_o and_o especial_o it_o be_v as_o the_o civil_a law_n express_v it_o maximum_fw-la expediendarum_fw-la litium_fw-la remedium_fw-la the_o best_a mean_n of_o end_a controversy_n and_o where_o man_n estate_n or_o life_n be_v concern_v no_o evidence_n but_o what_o be_v assure_v by_o a_o oath_n will_v be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o decide_v the_o matter_n so_o as_o to_o give_v full_a and_o general_a satisfaction_n to_o mankind_n for_o in_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a concernment_n when_o man_n have_v all_o the_o assurance_n that_o can_v be_v have_v and_o not_o till_o then_o they_o be_v content_v to_o sit_v down_o and_o rest_v satisfy_v with_o it_o and_o among_o all_o nation_n a_o oath_n have_v always_o be_v think_v the_o only_a peremptory_a and_o satisfactory_a way_n of_o decide_v such_o controversy_n iii_o the_o three_o thing_n i_o propose_v be_v to_o vindicate_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o oath_n where_o they_o be_v necessary_a and_o it_o be_v a_o very_a strong_a inducement_n to_o believe_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o they_o that_o the_o unavoidable_a condition_n of_o humane_a affair_n have_v make_v they_o so_o necessary_a the_o apostle_n take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o a_o oath_n be_v not_o only_o of_o great_a use_n in_o humane_a affair_n but_o in_o many_o case_n of_o great_a necessity_n to_o confirm_v a_o doubtful_a thing_n and_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o controversy_n which_o can_v otherwise_o be_v decide_v to_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o party_n contend_v a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n be_v to_o they_o a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v hardly_o imaginable_a that_o god_n shall_v not_o have_v leave_v that_o lawful_a which_o be_v so_o evident_o necessary_a to_o the_o peace_n and_o security_n of_o mankind_n but_o because_o there_o be_v a_o sect_n spring_v up_o in_o our_o memory_n which_o have_v call_v in_o question_n the_o lawfulness_n of_o all_o oath_n to_o the_o great_a mischief_n and_o disturbance_n of_o humane_a society_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o search_v this_o matter_n to_o the_o bottom_n and_o to_o manifest_v how_o unreasonable_a and_o groundless_a this_o opinion_n be_v and_o to_o this_o end_n i_o shall_v first_o prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o oath_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o text_n and_o from_o the_o reason_n plain_o contain_v or_o strong_o imply_v in_o it_o second_o i_o shall_v show_v the_o weakness_n and_o insufficiency_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n whether_o from_o reason_n or_o from_o scripture_n which_o last_o they_o principal_o rely_v upon_o and_o if_o it_o can_v be_v make_v out_o from_o thence_o will_v determine_v the_o case_n 1._o i_o shall_v prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o oath_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o text_n and_o the_o reason_n plain_o contain_v or_o strong_o imply_v in_o it_o because_o the_o apostle_n do_v not_o only_o speak_v of_o the_o use_n of_o oath_n among_o man_n without_o any_o manner_n of_o censure_n and_o reproof_n but_o as_o a_o commendable_a custom_n and_o practice_n and_o in_o many_o case_n necessary_a for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o doubtful_a matter_n and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o final_a decision_n of_o controversy_n and_o difference_n among_o man_n for_o first_o he_o speaks_z of_o it_o as_o the_o general_a practice_n of_o mankind_n to_o confirm_v thing_n by_o a_o oath_n in_o order_n to_o the_o end_n of_o difference_n and_o indeed_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o have_v more_o universal_o obtain_v in_o all_o age_n and_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n than_o which_o there_o be_v not_o a_o more_o certain_a indication_n that_o a_o thing_n be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o best_a reason_n of_o mankind_n and_o that_o this_o be_v no_o degenerate_a practice_n of_o mankind_n like_o that_o of_o idolatry_n be_v from_o hence_o evident_a that_o when_o god_n separate_v a_o people_n to_o himself_o it_o be_v practise_v among_o they_o by_o the_o holy_a patriarch_n abraham_n isaac_n and_o jacob_n and_o be_v afterward_o not_o only_o allow_v but_o in_o many_o case_n command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n which_o have_v it_o
be_v a_o thing_n evil_n in_o itself_o and_o forbid_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n will_v not_o have_v be_v do_v second_o another_o undeniable_a argument_n from_o the_o text_n of_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o oath_n be_v that_o god_n himself_o in_o condescension_n to_o the_o custom_n of_o man_n who_o use_v to_o confirm_v and_o give_v credit_n to_o what_o they_o say_v by_o a_o oath_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o apostle_n as_o confirm_v his_o promise_n to_o we_o by_o a_o oath_n verse_n 13._o when_o god_n make_v the_o promise_n to_o abraham_n because_o he_o can_v swear_v by_o none_o great_a he_o swear_v by_o himself_o for_o man_n very_o swear_v by_o the_o great_a and_o a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n be_v to_o they_o a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n wherein_o god_n will_v more_o abundant_o to_o show_v unto_o the_o heir_n of_o promise_n the_o immutability_n of_o his_o counsel_n confirm_v it_o by_o a_o oath_n which_o he_o certain_o will_v not_o have_v do_v have_v a_o oath_n be_v unlawful_a in_o itself_o for_o that_o have_v be_v to_o comply_v with_o man_n in_o a_o evil_a practice_n and_o by_o his_o own_o example_n to_o give_v countenance_n to_o it_o in_o the_o high_a manner_n but_o though_o god_n condescend_v to_o represent_v himself_o to_o we_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n he_o never_o do_v it_o in_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n evil_a and_o sinful_a three_o from_o the_o great_a usefulness_n of_o oath_n in_o humane_a affair_n to_o give_v credit_n and_o confirmation_n to_o our_o word_n and_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o contestation_n now_o that_o which_o serve_v to_o such_o excellent_a purpose_n and_o be_v so_o convenient_a for_o humane_a society_n and_o for_o mutual_a security_n and_o confidence_n among_o man_n ought_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v presume_v unlawful_a till_o it_o be_v plain_o prove_v to_o be_v so_o and_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o every_o thing_n belong_v to_o it_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o have_v the_o least_o appearance_n of_o evil_n in_o it_o there_o be_v sure_o no_o evil_a in_o it_o as_o it_o be_v a_o act_n of_o religion_n nor_o as_o it_o be_v a_o appeal_n to_o god_n as_o a_o witness_n and_o avenger_n in_o case_n we_o swear_v false_o nor_o as_o it_o be_v a_o confirmation_n of_o a_o doubtful_a matter_n nor_o as_o it_o put_v a_o end_n to_o strife_n and_o controversy_n and_o these_o be_v all_o the_o essential_a ingredient_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o the_o end_n of_o it_o and_o they_o be_v all_o so_o good_a that_o they_o rather_o commend_v it_o than_o give_v the_o least_o colour_n of_o ground_n to_o condemn_v it_o i_o proceed_v in_o the_o second_o place_n to_o show_v the_o weakness_n and_o insufficiency_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n whether_o from_o reason_n or_o from_o scripture_n first_o from_o reason_n they_o say_v the_o necessity_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o want_n of_o truth_n and_o fidelity_n among_o man_n and_o that_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o demean_v himself_o with_o that_o faithfulness_n and_o integrity_n as_o may_v give_v credit_n and_o confirmation_n to_o his_o word_n and_o then_o oath_n will_v be_v needless_a this_o pretence_n will_v be_v full_o answer_v if_o we_o consider_v these_o two_o thing_n 1._o that_o in_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n no_o other_o obligation_n beside_o that_o of_o a_o oath_n have_v be_v think_v sufficient_a among_o the_o best_a and_o wise_a of_o man_n to_o assert_v their_o fidelity_n to_o one_o another_o even_o the_o best_a man_n to_o use_v the_o word_n of_o a_o great_a author_n have_v not_o trust_v the_o best_a man_n without_o it_o as_o we_o see_v in_o very_o remarkable_a instance_n where_o oath_n have_v pass_v between_o those_o who_o may_v be_v think_v to_o have_v the_o great_a confidence_n in_o one_o another_o as_o between_o abraham_n and_o his_o old_a faithful_a servant_n eliezer_n concern_v the_o choice_n of_o a_o wife_n for_o his_o son_n between_o father_n and_o son_n jacob_n and_o joseph_n concern_v the_o burial_n of_o his_o father_n in_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n between_o two_o of_o the_o dear_a and_o most_o intimate_a friend_n david_n and_o jonathan_n to_o assure_v their_o friendship_n to_o one_o another_o and_o it_o have_v its_o effect_n long_o after_o jonathans_n death_n in_o the_o save_n of_o mephibosheth_n when_o reason_n of_o state_n and_o the_o security_n of_o his_o throne_n seem_v to_o move_v david_n strong_o to_o the_o contrary_a for_o it_o be_v express_o say_v 2_o sam._n 21.7_o that_o david_n spare_v mephibosheth_n jonathan_n son_n because_o of_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o lord_n that_o be_v between_o they_o imply_v that_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o his_o oath_n other_o consideration_n may_v probable_o have_v prevail_v with_o he_o to_o have_v permit_v he_o to_o have_v be_v cut_v off_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o saul_n child_n 2._o this_o reason_n which_o be_v allege_v against_o oath_n among_o man_n be_v much_o strong_a against_o god_n confirm_v his_o promise_n to_o we_o by_o a_o oath_n for_o he_o who_o be_v truth_n itself_o be_v sure_o of_o all_o other_o most_o to_o be_v credit_v upon_o his_o bare_a word_n and_o his_o oath_n needless_a to_o give_v confirmation_n to_o it_o and_o yet_o he_o condescend_v to_o add_v his_o oath_n to_o his_o word_n and_o therefore_o that_o reason_n be_v evident_o of_o no_o force_n second_o from_o scripture_n our_o saviour_n seem_v altogether_o to_o forbid_v swear_v in_o any_o case_n matth._n 5.33_o 34._o you_o have_v hear_v that_o it_o have_v be_v say_v to_o they_o of_o old_a time_n thou_o shall_v not_o forswear_v thyself_o but_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o swear_v not_o at_o all_o neither_o by_o heaven_n etc._n etc._n but_o let_v your_o communication_n be_v yea_o yea_o and_o nay_o nay_o for_o whatsoever_o be_v more_o than_o these_o come_v of_o evil_a and_o this_o law_n st._n james_n recite_v chap._n 5._o vers_fw-la 12._o as_o that_o which_o christian_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o very_a particular_a and_o principal_a regard_n to_o above_o all_o thing_n my_o brethren_n swear_v not_o and_o he_o make_v the_o breach_n of_o this_o law_n a_o damn_v sin_n lest_o you_o fall_v into_o condemnation_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o our_o saviour_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o consider_v that_o text._n and_o because_o here_o lie_v the_o main_a strength_n of_o this_o opinion_n of_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o oath_n it_o be_v very_o fit_a that_o this_o text_n be_v full_o consider_v and_o that_o it_o be_v make_v very_o evident_a that_o it_o be_v not_o our_o saviour_n meaning_n by_o this_o prohibition_n whole_o to_o forbid_v the_o use_n of_o oath_n but_o before_o i_o enter_v upon_o this_o matter_n i_o will_v ready_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o error_n whatsoever_o that_o have_v a_o more_o plausible_a colour_n from_o scripture_n than_o this_o which_o make_v the_o case_n of_o those_o who_o be_v seduce_v into_o it_o the_o more_o pityable_a but_o than_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_v how_o much_o this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o oath_n reflect_v upon_o the_o christian_a religion_n since_o it_o be_v so_o evident_o prejudicial_a both_o to_o humane_a society_n in_o general_n and_o particular_o to_o those_o person_n that_o entertain_v it_o neither_o of_o which_o ought_v rash_o to_o be_v suppose_v and_o take_v for_o grant_v concern_v any_o law_n deliver_v by_o our_o saviour_n because_o upon_o these_o term_n it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_a for_o we_o to_o vindicate_v the_o divine_a wisdom_n of_o our_o saviour_n doctrine_n and_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o this_o doctrine_n to_o humane_a society_n i_o have_v speak_v already_o but_o beside_o this_o it_o be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o they_o that_o hold_v it_o it_o render_v they_o suspect_v to_o government_n and_o in_o many_o case_n incapable_a of_o the_o common_a benefit_n of_o justice_n and_o other_o privilege_n of_o humane_a society_n and_o expose_v they_o to_o great_a penalty_n as_o the_o constitution_n of_o all_o law_n and_o government_n at_o present_a be_v and_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o imagine_v how_o they_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o and_o which_o be_v very_o considerable_a in_o this_o matter_n it_o set_v those_o who_o refuse_v oath_n upon_o very_o unequal_a term_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n if_o where_o the_o estate_n and_o life_n of_o man_n be_v equal_o concern_v their_o bare_a testimony_n shall_v be_v admit_v without_o a_o oath_n and_o other_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o speak_v upon_o oath_n nothing_o be_v more_o certain_a in_o experience_n than_o that_o many_o man_n will_v lie_v for_o their_o interest_n when_o they_o will_v not_o be_v perjure_v god_n have_v plant_v in_o the_o natural_a conscience_n of_o
question_n upon_o oath_n for_o among_o the_o jew_n the_o form_n of_o give_v a_o oath_n to_o witness_n and_o other_o be_v not_o by_o tender_v a_o formal_a oath_n to_o they_o as_o the_o custom_n be_v among_o we_o but_o by_o adjure_v they_o that_o be_v require_v they_o to_o answer_v upon_o oath_n as_o be_v plain_a from_o levit._n 5.1_o if_o a_o man_n hear_v the_o voice_n of_o swear_v and_o be_v a_o witness_n whether_o he_o have_v see_v or_o know_v of_o such_o a_o thing_n if_o he_o do_v not_o utter_v it_o than_o he_o shall_v bear_v his_o iniquity_n if_o he_o have_v hear_v the_o voice_n if_o swear_v that_o be_v if_o be_v adjure_v or_o demand_v to_o answer_v upon_o oath_n concern_v what_o he_o have_v see_v or_o hear_v he_o do_v not_o utter_v the_o truth_n he_o be_v perjure_v now_o to_o this_o adjuration_n of_o the_o high_a priest_n our_o saviour_n answer_v thou_o have_v say_v which_o word_n be_v not_o a_o avoid_v to_o answer_v as_o some_o have_v think_v but_o a_o direct_a answer_n as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v it_o be_v as_o thou_o say_v it_o be_v even_o so_o i_o be_o the_o son_n of_o god_n for_o upon_o this_o answer_n the_o high_a priest_n say_v he_o have_v speak_v blasphemy_n but_o to_o put_v the_o matter_n beyond_o all_o doubt_n st._n mark_n tell_v we_o mark_v 14.61_o that_o he_o be_v ask_v by_o the_o high_a priest_n be_v thou_o the_o christ_n the_o son_n of_o the_o bless_a he_o answer_v i_o be_o so_o that_o unless_o we_o will_v interpret_v our_o saviour_n doctrine_n contrary_a to_o his_o own_o practice_n we_o can_v understand_v he_o to_o forbid_v all_o oath_n and_o consequent_o they_o be_v not_o unlawful_a i_o have_v be_v the_o long_o upon_o this_o that_o i_o may_v give_v clear_a satisfaction_n in_o this_o matter_n to_o those_o that_o be_v willing_a to_o receive_v it_o as_o for_o the_o ceremony_n in_o use_n among_o we_o in_o the_o take_n of_o oath_n it_o be_v no_o just_a exception_n against_o they_o that_o they_o be_v not_o find_v in_o scripture_n for_o this_o be_v always_o matter_n of_o liberty_n and_o several_a nation_n have_v use_v several_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n in_o their_o oath_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o grecian_n to_o swear_v lay_v their_o hand_n upon_o the_o altar_n quod_fw-la sanctissimum_fw-la jusjurandum_fw-la est_fw-la habitum_fw-la say_v a._n gellius_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o most_o sacred_a form_n of_o swear_v the_o roman_n be_v wont_v jupiter_fw-la lapidem_fw-la jurare_fw-la that_o be_v he_o that_o swear_v by_o jupiter_n hold_v a_o flint_n stone_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o fling_v it_o violent_o from_o he_o with_o these_o word_n si_fw-la sciens_fw-la fallo_fw-la ita_fw-la me_fw-it jupiter_n bonis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ejiciat_fw-la ut_fw-la ego_fw-la hunc_fw-la lapidem_fw-la if_o i_o know_o falsify_v god_n so_o throw_v i_o out_o of_o all_o my_o possession_n as_o i_o do_v this_o stone_n in_o scripture_n there_o be_v two_o ceremony_n mention_v of_o swear_v one_o of_o put_v the_o hand_n under_o the_o thigh_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v thus_o eliezer_n swear_v to_o abraham_n gen._n 24._o and_o joseph_n to_o jacob_n gen._n 47._o the_o other_o be_v by_o lift_v up_o the_o hand_n to_o heaven_n thus_o abraham_n express_v the_o manner_n of_o a_o oath_n gen._n 14.22_o i_o have_v lift_v up_o my_o hand_n to_o the_o most_o high_a god_n and_o thus_o god_n condescend_v to_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n express_v himself_o deut._n 32_o 40._o if_o i_o lift_v up_o my_o hand_n to_o heaven_n and_o swear_v in_o allusion_n to_o this_o custom_n the_o psalmist_n describe_v the_o perjure_a person_n psal_n 144.8_o who_o mouth_n speak_v vanity_n and_o who_o right_a hand_n be_v a_o right_a hand_n of_o falsehood_n and_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o intimation_n in_o scripture_n that_o either_o of_o these_o ceremony_n be_v prescribe_v and_o appoint_v by_o god_n but_o voluntary_o institute_v and_o take_v up_o by_o man_n and_o thus_o among_o we_o the_o ceremony_n of_o swear_v be_v by_o lay_v the_o hand_n on_o the_o holy_a gospel_n and_o kiss_v the_o book_n which_o be_v both_o very_a solemn_a and_o significant_a and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o this_o solemn_a kind_n of_o oath_n be_v call_v a_o corporal_a oath_n and_o be_v ancient_o so_o call_v because_o the_o sign_n or_o ceremony_n of_o it_o be_v perform_v by_o some_o part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o this_o solemnity_n be_v a_o aggravation_n of_o the_o perjury_n because_o it_o make_v it_o both_o more_o deliberate_a and_o more_o scandalous_a i_o shall_v speak_v but_o brief_o to_o the_o iv_o and_o last_o particular_a viz._n the_o sacred_a obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n because_o it_o be_v a_o solemn_a appeal_n to_o god_n as_o a_o witness_n of_o the_o truth_n or_o what_o we_o say_v to_o god_n i_o say_v from_o who_o pierce_v and_o all-seeing_a eye_n from_o who_o perfect_a and_o infinite_a knowledge_n nothing_o be_v or_o can_v be_v hide_v so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o thought_n in_o our_o heart_n but_o he_o see_v it_o nor_o a_o word_n in_o our_o tongue_n but_o he_o discern_v the_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n of_o it_o whenever_o we_o swear_v we_o appeal_v to_o his_o knowledge_n and_o refer_v ourselves_o to_o his_o just_a judgement_n who_o be_v the_o powerful_a patron_n and_o protector_n of_o right_n and_o the_o almighty_a judge_n and_o avenger_n of_o all_o falsehood_n and_o unrighteousness_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o man_n to_o lay_v a_o more_o sacred_a and_o solemn_a obligation_n upon_o their_o conscience_n than_o by_o the_o religion_n of_o a_o oath_n moses_n very_o well_o express_v it_o by_o bind_v our_o soul_n with_o a_o bond_n numb_a 30.2_o if_o a_o man_n swear_v a_o oath_n to_o bind_v his_o soul_n with_o a_o bond_n intimate_v that_o he_o that_o swear_v lay_v the_o strong_a obligation_n upon_o himself_o and_o put_v his_o soul_n in_o pawn_n for_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o he_o say_v and_o this_o obligation_n no_o man_n can_v violate_v but_o at_o the_o utmost_a peril_n of_o the_o judgement_n and_o vengeance_n of_o god_n for_o every_o oath_n imply_v a_o curse_n upon_o ourselves_o in_o case_n of_o perjury_n as_o plutarch_n observe_v and_o this_o be_v always_o the_o sense_n of_o mankind_n concern_v the_o obligation_n of_o oath_n nullum_fw-la vinculum_fw-la ad_fw-la astringendam_fw-la fidem_fw-la majores_fw-la nostri_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la arctius_fw-la esse_fw-la voluerunt_fw-la say_v tully_n our_o forefather_n have_v no_o strict_a bond_n whereby_o to_o oblige_v the_o faith_n of_o man_n to_o one_o another_o than_o that_o of_o a_o oath_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v that_o in_o the_o comedian_n aliud_fw-la si_fw-la scirem_fw-la qui_fw-la firmare_fw-la meam_fw-la apud_fw-la vos_fw-la possem_fw-la fidem_fw-la sanctius_fw-la quam_fw-la jusjurandum_fw-la id_fw-la pollicerer_fw-la tibi_fw-la if_o i_o know_v any_o thing_n more_o sacred_a than_o a_o oath_n whereby_o to_o confirm_v to_o you_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o i_o say_v i_o will_v make_v use_n of_o it_o i_o will_v crave_v your_o patience_n a_o little_a long_o whilst_o by_o way_n of_o inference_n from_o this_o discourse_n i_o represent_v to_o you_o the_o great_a sin_n of_o swear_v in_o common_a conversation_n upon_o trivial_a and_o needless_a occasion_n and_o the_o heinousness_n of_o the_o sin_n of_o perjury_n 1._o first_o the_o great_a sin_n of_o swear_v upon_o trivial_a and_o needless_a occasion_n in_o common_a conversation_n because_o a_o oath_n be_v a_o solemn_a thing_n and_o reserve_v for_o great_a occasion_n to_o give_v confirmation_n to_o our_o word_n in_o some_o weighty_a matter_n and_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o controversy_n which_o can_v otherwise_o be_v peremptory_o and_o satisfactory_o decide_v and_o therefore_o to_o use_v oath_n upon_o light_a occasion_n argue_v great_a profaneness_n and_o irreverence_n of_o almighty_a god_n so_o ulpian_n the_o great_a roman_a lawyer_n observe_v nonnullus_fw-la esse_fw-la faciles_fw-la ad_fw-la jurandum_fw-la contemptu_fw-la religionis_fw-la that_o man_n proneness_n to_o swear_v come_v from_o acontempt_n of_o religion_n than_o which_o nothing_o dispose_v man_n more_o to_o atheism_n and_o infidelity_n beside_o that_o it_o do_v many_o time_n surprise_v man_n unaware_o into_o perjury_n and_o how_o can_v it_o be_v otherwise_o when_o man_n use_v to_o interlard_v all_o their_o careless_a talk_n with_o oath_n but_o that_o they_o must_v often_o be_v perjure_a and_o which_o be_v worse_o it_o prepare_v man_n for_o deliberate_a perjury_n for_o with_o those_o who_o be_v accustom_v to_o swear_v upon_o light_a occasion_n a_o oath_n will_v go_v off_o with_o they_o more_o roundly_o about_o weighty_a matter_n from_o a_o common_a custom_n of_o swear_v say_v hierocles_n man_n easy_o slide_v into_o perjury_n therefore_o say_v he_o if_o thou_o will_v not_o he_o perjure_v do_v not_o use_v to_o swear_v and_o this_o perhaps_o hap_n be_v
play_v fast_o and_o loose_a with_o oath_n and_o it_o be_v a_o very_a sad_a sign_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o christian_a religion_n among_o we_o to_o see_v so_o many_o who_o call_v themselves_o christians_n to_o make_v so_o little_a conscience_n of_o so_o great_a a_o sin_n as_o even_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n will_v blush_v and_o tremble_v at_o i_o will_v conclude_v all_o with_o those_o excellent_a say_n of_o the_o son_n of_o sirach_n concern_v these_o two_o sin_n i_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o of_o profane_a swear_v and_o perjury_n eccl._n 23.9_o 10_o etc._n etc._n accustom_v not_o thy_o mouth_n to_o swear_v neither_o use_n thyself_o to_o the_o name_n of_o the_o holy_a one._n a_o man_n that_o use_v much_o swear_v shall_v be_v fill_v with_o iniquity_n and_o the_o plague_n shall_v never_o depart_v from_o his_o house_n if_o he_o shall_v offend_v his_o sin_n shall_v he_o upon_o he_o and_o if_o he_o acknowledge_v not_o his_o sin_n he_o make_v a_o double_a offence_n and_o if_o he_o swear_v sals_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v innocent_a but_o his_o house_n shall_v be_v full_a of_o calamity_n and_o to_o represent_v to_o we_o the_o dreadful_a nature_n of_o this_o sin_n of_o perjury_n there_o be_v say_v he_o a_o word_n that_o be_v clothe_v about_o with_o death_n mean_v a_o rash_a and_o false_a oath_n there_o be_v a_o word_n that_o be_v clothe_v about_o with_o death_n god_n grant_v it_o be_v not_o find_v in_o the_o heritage_n of_o jacob_n for_o all_o such_o thing_n shall_v be_v far_o from_o the_o godly_a and_o they_o will_v not_o wallow_v in_o these_o sin_n from_o which_o god_n preserve_v all_o good_a man_n and_o make_v they_o careful_a to_o preserve_v themselves_o as_o they_o value_v the_o present_a peace_n of_o their_o own_o conscience_n and_o the_o favour_n of_o almighty_a god_n in_o this_o world_n and_o the_o other_o for_o his_o mercy_n sake_n in_o jesus_n christ_n to_o who_o etc._n etc._n a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o the_o funeral_n of_o the_o reverend_a mr._n thomas_n gouge_n the_o four_o of_o novemb_n 1681._o at_o st._n anne_n blackfryar_n with_o a_o brief_a account_n of_o his_o life_n to_o the_o right_n worshipful_a the_o precedent_n the_o treasurer_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o worthy_a governor_n of_o the_o hospital_n of_o christ-church_n in_o london_n when_o upon_o the_o request_n of_o some_o of_o the_o relation_n and_o friend_n of_o the_o reverend_n mr._n gouge_n deceasedy_n and_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n in_o compliance_n with_o my_o own_o inclination_n to_o do_v right_a to_o the_o memory_n of_o so_o good_a a_o man_n and_o to_o set_v so_o great_a a_o example_n in_o the_o view_n of_o all_o man_n i_o have_v determine_v to_o make_v this_o discourse_n public_a i_o know_v not_o where_o more_o sit_o to_o address_v it_o than_o to_o yourselves_o who_o be_v the_o live_a pattern_n of_o the_o same_o virtue_n and_o the_o faithful_a dispenser_n and_o manager_n of_o one_o of_o the_o best_a and_o great_a charity_n in_o the_o world_n especial_o since_o he_o have_v a_o particular_a relation_n to_o you_o and_o be_v please_v for_o some_o year_n last_o pass_v without_o any_o other_o consideration_n but_o that_o of_o charity_n to_o employ_v his_o constant_a pain_n in_o catechise_v the_o poor_a child_n of_o your_o hospital_n wise_o consider_v of_o how_o great_a consequence_n it_o be_v to_o this_o city_n to_o have_v the_o foundation_n of_o religion_n well_o lay_v in_o the_o tender_a year_n of_o so_o many_o person_n as_o be_v afterward_o to_o be_v plant_v there_o in_o several_a profession_n and_o from_o a_o true_a humility_n of_o mind_n be_v ready_a to_o stoop_v to_o the_o mean_a office_n and_o service_n to_o do_v good_a i_o have_v hear_v from_o a_o intimate_a friend_n of_o his_o that_o he_o will_v sometime_o with_o great_a pleasure_n say_v that_o he_o have_v two_o live_n which_o he_o will_v not_o exchange_v for_o two_o of_o the_o great_a in_o england_n meaning_n wales_n and_o christ_n hospital_n contrary_a to_o common_a account_n he_o esteem_v every_o advantage_n of_o be_v useful_a and_o serviceable_a to_o god_n and_o man_n a_o rich_a benefice_n and_o those_o his_o best_a patron_n and_o benefactor_n not_o who_o do_v he_o good_a but_o who_o give_v he_o the_o opportunity_n and_o mean_n of_o do_v it_o to_o you_o therefore_o as_o his_o patron_n this_o sermon_n do_v of_o right_a belong_v and_o to_o you_o i_o humble_o dedicate_v it_o hearty_o beseech_v almighty_a god_n to_o raise_v up_o many_o by_o his_o example_n that_o may_v serve_v their_o generation_n according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n as_o he_o do_v i_o be_o your_o faithful_a and_o humble_a servant_n jo_n tillotson_n a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o the_o funeral_n of_o mr._n thomas_n gouge_n with_o a_o short_a account_n of_o his_o life_n luke_n 20.37_o 38._o now_o that_o the_o dead_a be_v raise_v even_o moses_n show_v at_o the_o bush_n when_o he_o call_v the_o lord_n the_o god_n of_o abraham_n the_o god_n of_o isaac_n and_o the_o god_n of_o jacob._n for_o he_o be_v not_o a_o god_n of_o the_o dead_a but_o of_o the_o live_n for_o all_o live_v to_o he_o the_o occasion_n of_o these_o word_n of_o our_o bless_a saviour_n be_v a_o objection_n which_o the_o sadducee_n make_v against_o the_o resurrection_n ground_v upon_o a_o case_n which_o have_v sometime_o happen_v among_o they_o of_o a_o woman_n that_o have_v have_v seven_o brethren_n successive_o to_o her_o husband_n upon_o which_o case_n they_o put_v this_o question_n to_o our_o saviour_n who_o wife_n of_o the_o seven_o shall_v this_o woman_n be_v at_o the_o resurrection_n that_o be_v if_o man_n live_v in_o another_o world_n how_o shall_v the_o controversy_n between_o these_o seven_o brethren_n be_v decide_v for_o they_o all_o seem_v to_o have_v a_o equal_a claim_n to_o this_o woman_n each_o of_o they_o have_v have_v she_o to_o his_o wife_n this_o captious_a question_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o be_v answer_v by_o the_o pharisee_n who_o fancy_v the_o enjoyment_n of_o the_o next_o life_n to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n with_o the_o sensual_a pleasure_n of_o this_o world_n only_o great_a and_o more_o durable_a from_o which_o tradition_n of_o the_o jew_n concern_v a_o sensual_a paradise_n mahomet_n seem_v to_o have_v take_v the_o pattern_n of_o he_o as_o he_o do_v likewise_o many_o other_o thing_n from_o the_o jewish_a tradition_n now_o upon_o this_o supposition_n that_o in_o the_o next_o life_n there_o will_v be_v marry_v and_o give_v in_o marriage_n it_o be_v a_o question_n not_o easy_o satisfy_v who_o wife_n of_o the_o seven_o this_o woman_n shall_v then_o be_v but_o our_o saviour_n clear_o avoid_v the_o whole_a force_n of_o it_o by_o show_v the_o different_a state_n of_o man_n in_o this_o world_n and_o in_o the_o other_o the_o child_n of_o this_o world_n say_v he_o marry_o and_o be_v give_v in_o marriage_n but_o they_o who_o shall_v he_o account_v worthy_a to_o obtain_v that_o world_n and_o the_o resurrection_n from_o the_o dead_a neither_o marry_o nor_o be_v give_v in_o marriage_n and_o he_o do_v not_o bare_o and_o magisterial_o assert_v this_o doctrine_n but_o give_v a_o plain_a and_o substantial_a reason_n for_o it_o because_o they_o can_v die_v any_o more_o after_o man_n have_v live_v a_o while_n in_o this_o world_n they_o be_v take_v away_o by_o death_n and_o therefore_o marriage_n be_v necessary_a to_o maintain_v a_o succession_n of_o mankind_n but_o in_o the_o other_o world_n man_n shall_v become_v immortal_a and_o live_v for_o ever_o and_o then_o the_o reason_n of_o marriage_n will_v whole_o cease_v for_o when_o man_n can_v die_v no_o more_o there_o will_v then_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o new_a supply_n of_o mankind_n our_o saviour_n have_v thus_o clear_v himself_o of_o this_o objection_n by_o take_v away_o the_o ground_n and_o foundation_n of_o it_o he_o produce_v a_o argument_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o resurrection_n in_o the_o word_n of_o my_o text_n now_o that_o the_o dead_a be_v raise_v moses_n even_o show_v at_o the_o bush_n when_o he_o call_v the_o lord_n the_o god_n of_o abraham_n the_o god_n of_o isaac_n and_o the_o god_n of_o jacob_n that_o be_v when_o in_o one_o of_o his_o book_n god_n be_v bring_v in_o speak_v to_o he_o out_o of_o the_o bush_n and_o call_v himself_o by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o god_n of_o abraham_n the_o god_n of_o isaac_n and_o the_o god_n of_o jacob._n from_o whence_o our_o saviour_n infer_v the_o resurrection_n because_o god_n be_v not_o the_o god_n of_o the_o dead_a but_o of_o the_o live_n for_o all_o live_v to_o he_o my_o design_n from_o these_o word_n be_v to_o show_v the_o force_n and_o strength_n of_o this_o argument_n which_o our_o saviour_n urge_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o resurrection_n in_o order_n whereunto_o i_o shall_v first_o
say_v as_o he_o do_v to_o the_o jew_n why_o call_v you_o i_o lord_n lord_n and_o do_v not_o the_o thing_n which_o i_o say_v how_o far_o the_o ignorance_n of_o this_o institution_n or_o the_o mistake_n which_o man_n have_v be_v lead_v into_o about_o it_o may_v extenuate_v this_o neglect_n be_v another_o consideration_n but_o after_o we_o know_v our_o lord_n will_n in_o this_o particular_a and_o have_v the_o law_n plain_o lay_v before_o we_o there_o be_v no_o cloak_n for_o our_o sin_n for_o nothing_o can_v excuse_v the_o wilful_a neglect_n of_o a_o plain_a institution_n from_o a_o downright_a contempt_n of_o our_o saviour_n authority_n 2._o we_o be_v likewise_o oblige_v hereunto_o in_o point_n of_o interest_n the_o benefit_n which_o we_o expect_v to_o be_v derive_v and_o assure_v to_o we_o by_o this_o sacrament_n be_v all_o the_o blessing_n of_o the_o new_a covenant_n the_o forgiveness_n of_o our_o sin_n the_o grace_n and_o assistance_n of_o god_n holy_a spirit_n to_o enable_v we_o to_o perform_v the_o condition_n of_o this_o covenant_n require_v on_o our_o part_n and_o the_o comfort_n of_o god_n holy_a spirit_n to_o encourage_v we_o in_o well-doing_n and_o to_o support_v we_o under_o suffering_n and_o the_o glorious_a reward_n of_o eternal_a life_n so_o that_o in_o neglect_v this_o sacrament_n we_o neglect_v our_o own_o interest_n and_o happiness_n we_o forsake_v our_o own_o mercy_n and_o judge_v ourselves_o unworthy_a of_o all_o the_o blessing_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o deprive_v ourselves_o of_o one_o of_o the_o best_a mean_n and_o advantage_n of_o confirm_v and_o convey_v these_o blessing_n to_o we_o so_o that_o if_o we_o have_v not_o a_o due_a sense_n of_o our_o duty_n the_o consideration_n of_o our_o own_o interest_n shall_v oblige_v we_o not_o to_o neglect_v so_o excellent_a and_o so_o effectual_a a_o mean_n of_o promote_a our_o own_o comfort_n and_o happiness_n 3._o we_o be_v likewise_o particular_o oblige_v in_o point_n of_o gratitude_n to_o the_o careful_a observance_n of_o this_o institution_n this_o be_v the_o particular_a thing_n our_o lord_n give_v in_o charge_n when_o he_o be_v go_v to_o lay_v down_o his_o life_n for_o we_o do_v this_o in_o remembrance_n of_o i_o man_n use_v religious_o to_o observe_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o die_a friend_n and_o unless_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a and_o unreasonable_a to_o do_v what_o he_o desire_v but_o this_o be_v the_o charge_n of_o our_o best_a friend_n nay_o of_o the_o great_a friend_n and_o benefactor_n of_o all_o mankind_n when_o he_o be_v prepare_v himself_o to_o die_v in_o our_o stead_n and_o to_o offer_v up_o himself_o a_o sacrifice_n for_o we_o to_o undergo_v the_o most_o grievous_a pain_n and_o suffering_n for_o our_o sake_n and_o to_o yield_v up_o himself_o to_o the_o worst_a of_o temporal_a death_n that_o he_o may_v deliver_v we_o from_o the_o bitter_a pain_n of_o eternal_a death_n and_o can_v we_o deny_v he_o any_o thing_n he_o ask_v of_o we_o who_o be_v go_v to_o do_v all_o this_o for_o we_o can_v we_o deny_v he_o this_o so_o little_o grievous_a and_o burdensome_a in_o itself_o so_o infinite_o beneficial_a to_o we_o have_v such_o a_o friend_n and_o in_o such_o circumstance_n bid_v we_o do_v some_o great_a thing_n will_v we_o not_o have_v do_v it_o how_o much_o more_o when_o he_o have_v only_o say_v do_v this_o in_o remembrance_n of_o i_o when_o he_o have_v only_o commend_v to_o we_o one_o of_o the_o most_o natural_a and_o delightful_a action_n as_o a_o fit_a representation_n and_o memorial_n of_o his_o wonderful_a love_n to_o we_o and_o of_o his_o cruel_a suffering_n for_o our_o sake_n when_o he_o have_v only_o enjoin_v we_o in_o a_o thankful_a commemoration_n of_o his_o goodness_n to_o meet_v at_o his_o table_n and_o to_o remember_v what_o he_o have_v do_v for_o we_o to_o look_v upon_o he_o who_o we_o have_v pierce_v and_o to_o resolve_v to_o grieve_v and_o wound_v he_o no_o more_o can_v we_o without_o the_o most_o horrible_a ingratitude_n neglect_v this_o die_a charge_n of_o our_o sovereign_n and_o our_o saviour_n the_o great_a friend_n and_o lover_n of_o soul_n a_o command_n so_o reasonable_a so_o easy_a so_o full_a of_o blessing_n and_o benefit_n to_o the_o faithful_a observer_n of_o it_o one_o will_v think_v it_o be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n to_o convince_v man_n of_o their_o duty_n in_o this_o particular_a and_o of_o the_o necessity_n of_o observe_v so_o plain_a a_o institution_n of_o our_o lord_n that_o it_o be_v no_o hard_a thing_n to_o persuade_v man_n to_o their_o interest_n and_o to_o be_v willing_a to_o partake_v of_o those_o great_a and_o manifold_a blessing_n which_o all_o christian_n believe_v to_o be_v promise_v and_o make_v good_a to_o the_o frequent_a and_o worthy_a receiver_n of_o this_o sacrament_n where_o then_o lie_v the_o difficulty_n what_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o this_o backwardness_n which_o we_o see_v in_o man_n to_o so_o plain_a so_o necessary_a and_o so_o beneficial_a a_o duty_n the_o truth_n be_v man_n have_v be_v great_o discourage_v from_o this_o sacrament_n by_o the_o unwary_a press_v and_o inculcate_v of_o two_o great_a truth_n the_o danger_n of_o the_o unworthy_a receive_n of_o this_o holy_a sacrament_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o a_o due_a preparation_n for_o it_o which_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o iii_o third_z particular_a i_o propose_v which_o be_v to_o endeavour_v to_o satisfy_v the_o objection_n and_o scruple_n which_o have_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n and_o particular_o of_o many_o devout_a and_o sincere_a christian_n to_o their_o great_a discouragement_n from_o the_o receive_n of_o this_o sacrament_n at_o least_o so_o frequent_o as_o they_o ought_v and_o these_o objection_n i_o tell_v you_o be_v chief_o ground_v upon_o what_o the_o apostle_n say_v at_o the_o 27_o verse_n wherefore_o whosoever_o shall_v eat_v this_o bread_n and_o drink_v this_o cup_n of_o the_o lord_n unworthy_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o again_o ver_fw-la 29._o he_o that_o eat_v and_o drink_v unworthy_o eat_v and_o drink_v damnation_n to_o himself_o upon_o the_o mistake_n and_o misapplication_n of_o these_o text_n have_v be_v ground_v two_o objection_n of_o great_a force_n to_o discourage_v man_n from_o this_o sacrament_n which_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v with_o all_o the_o tenderness_n and_o clearness_n i_o can_v to_o remove_v first_o that_o the_o danger_n of_o unworthy_a receive_v be_v so_o very_o great_a it_o seem_v the_o safe_a way_n not_o to_o receive_v at_o all_o second_o that_o so_o much_o preparation_n and_o worthiness_n be_v require_v in_o order_n to_o our_o worthy_a receive_v the_o more_o timorous_a sort_n of_o devout_a christian_n can_v never_o think_v themselves_o due_o enough_o qualify_v for_o so_o sacred_a a_o action_n 1_o obj._n 1_o 1._o that_o the_o danger_n of_o unworthy_a receive_v be_v so_o very_o great_a it_o seem_v the_o safe_a way_n whole_o to_o refrain_v from_o this_o sacrament_n and_o not_o to_o receive_v it_o at_o all_o but_o this_o objection_n be_v evident_o of_o no_o force_n if_o there_o be_v as_o most_o certain_o there_o be_v as_o great_a or_o a_o great_a danger_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n viz._n in_o the_o neglect_n of_o this_o duty_n and_o so_o though_o the_o danger_n of_o unworthy_a receive_n be_v avoid_v by_o not_o receive_v yet_o the_o danger_n of_o neglect_v and_o contemn_v a_o plain_a institution_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o thereby_o avoid_v sure_o they_o in_o the_o parable_n that_o refuse_v to_o come_v to_o the_o marriage-feast_n of_o the_o king_n son_n and_o make_v light_n of_o that_o gracious_a invitation_n be_v at_o least_o as_o faulty_a as_o he_o who_o come_v without_o a_o wedding_n garment_n and_o we_o find_v in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o parable_n that_o as_o he_o be_v severe_o punish_v for_o his_o disrespect_n so_o they_o be_v destroy_v for_o their_o disobedience_n nay_o of_o the_o two_o it_o be_v the_o great_a sign_n of_o contempt_n whole_o to_o neglect_v the_o sacrament_n than_o to_o partake_v of_o it_o without_o some_o due_a qualification_n the_o great_a indisposition_n that_o can_v be_v for_o this_o holy_a sacrament_n be_v one_o be_v a_o bad_a man_n and_o he_o may_v be_v as_o bad_a and_o be_v more_o likely_a to_o continue_v so_o who_o wilful_o neglect_v this_o sacrament_n than_o he_o that_o come_v to_o it_o with_o any_o degree_n of_o reverence_n and_o preparation_n though_o much_o less_o than_o he_o ought_v and_o sure_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a sore_a man_n to_o come_v to_o so_o solemn_a a_o ordinance_n without_o some_o kind_n of_o religious_a awe_n upon_o their_o spirit_n and_o without_o some_o good_a thought_n and_o resolution_n at_o least_o for_o the_o present_a if_o a_o man_n that_o live_v in_o any_o know_a wickedness_n of_o life_n do_v before_o he_o receive_v
3_o church_n in_o sent._n l._n 4._o dist_n 11._o q_o 3_o scotus_n acknowledge_v that_o this_o doctrine_n be_v not_o always_o think_v necessary_a to_o be_v believe_v but_o that_o the_o necessity_n of_o believe_v it_o be_v consequent_a to_o that_o declaration_n of_o the_o church_n make_v in_o the_o council_n of_o lateran_n under_o pope_n innocent_a the_o iii_o and_o 15._o and_o in_o sent._n l._n 4._o do_v 11._o q._n 1._o n._n 15._o durandus_fw-la free_o discover_v his_o inclination_n to_o have_v believe_v the_o contrary_a if_o the_o church_n have_v not_o by_o that_o determination_n oblige_v man_n to_o believe_v it_o 146._o it_o de_fw-fr euchar_n l._n 1._o p._n 146._o tonstal_v bishop_n of_o durham_n also_o yield_v that_o before_o the_o lateran_n council_n man_n be_v at_o liberty_n as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o christ_n presence_n in_o the_o sacrament_n and_o 108._o and_o in_o 1_o epist_n ad_fw-la corinth_n c._n 7._o citante_fw-la etiam_fw-la salmerone_n tom._n 9_o tract_n 16._o p._n 108._o erasmus_n who_o live_v and_o die_v in_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o than_o who_o no_o man_n be_v better_o read_v in_o the_o ancient_a father_n do_v confess_v that_o it_o be_v late_o before_o the_o church_n define_v transubstantiation_n unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n both_o name_n and_o thing_n and_o 8._o and_o de_fw-fr haeres_fw-la l._n 8._o alphonsus_n a_o castro_n say_v plain_o that_o concern_v the_o transubstantiation_n of_o the_o bread_n into_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n there_o be_v seldom_o any_o mention_n in_o the_o ancient_a writer_n and_o who_o can_v imagine_v that_o these_o learned_a man_n will_v have_v grant_v the_o ancient_a church_n and_o father_n to_o have_v be_v so_o much_o stranger_n to_o this_o doctrine_n have_v they_o think_v it_o to_o have_v be_v the_o perpetual_a belief_n of_o the_o church_n i_o shall_v now_o in_o the_o second_o place_n give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o particular_a time_n and_o occasion_n of_o the_o come_n in_o of_o this_o doctrine_n and_o by_o what_o step_n and_o degree_n it_o grow_v up_o and_o be_v advance_v into_o a_o article_n of_o faith_n in_o the_o romish_a church_n the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o corporal_a presence_n of_o christ_n be_v first_o start_v upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o dispute_n about_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n in_o opposition_n whereto_o the_o synod_n of_o constantinople_n about_o the_o year_n dccl_o do_v argue_v thus_o that_o our_o lord_n have_v leave_v we_o no_o other_o image_n of_o himself_o but_o the_o sacrament_n in_o which_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n be_v the_o image_n of_o his_o body_n we_o ought_v to_o make_v no_o other_o image_n of_o our_o lord_n in_o answer_n to_o this_o argument_n the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a in_o the_o year_n dcclxxxvii_o do_v declare_v that_o the_o sacrament_n after_o consecration_n be_v not_o the_o image_n and_o antitype_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n but_o be_v proper_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n so_o that_o the_o corporal_a presence_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n be_v first_o bring_v in_o to_o support_v the_o stupid_a worship_n of_o image_n and_o indeed_o it_o can_v never_o have_v come_v in_o upon_o a_o more_o proper_a occasion_n not_o have_v be_v apply_v to_o a_o fit_a purpose_n and_o here_o i_o can_v but_o take_v notice_n how_o well_o this_o agree_v with_o 1._o with_o de_fw-fr eucharist_n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o bellarmine_n observation_n that_o none_o of_o the_o ancient_n who_o write_v of_o heresy_n have_v put_v this_o error_n viz_o of_o deny_v transubstantiation_n in_o his_o caralogue_n nor_o do_v any_o of_o the_o ancient_n dispute_v against_o this_o error_n for_o the_o first_o 600_o year_n which_o be_v very_o true_a because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o occasion_n then_o to_o dispute_v against_o those_o who_o deem_v transubstantiation_n since_o as_o i_o have_v show_v this_o doctrine_n be_v not_o in_o be_v unless_o among_o the_o eutychian_a heretic_n for_o the_o first_o 600_o year_n and_o more_o but_o ibid._n but_o ibid._n bellarmine_n go_v on_o and_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o first_o who_o call_v in_o question_n the_o truth_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o eucharist_n be_v the_o iconomachi_n the_o opposer_n of_o image_n after_o the_o year_n dcc_n in_o the_o council_n of_o constantinople_n for_o these_o say_v there_o be_v one_o image_n of_o christ_n institute_v by_o christ_n himself_o viz._n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o eucharist_n which_o represent_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n wherefore_o from_o that_o time_n the_o greek_a writer_n often_o admonish_v we_o that_o the_o eucharist_n be_v not_o the_o figure_n or_o image_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o his_o true_a body_n as_o appear_v from_o the_o vii_o synod_n which_o agree_v most_o exact_o with_o the_o account_n which_o i_o have_v give_v of_o the_o first_o rise_v of_o this_o doctrine_n which_o begin_v with_o the_o corporal_a presence_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n and_o afterward_o proceed_v to_o transubstantiation_n and_o as_o this_o be_v the_o first_o occasion_n of_o introduce_v this_o doctrine_n among_o the_o greek_n so_o in_o the_o latin_a or_o roman_a church_n paschasius_fw-la radbertus_n first_o a_o monk_n and_o afterward_o abbot_n of_o corbey_n be_v the_o first_o broacher_n of_o it_o in_o the_o year_n dcccxviii_o and_o for_o this_o beside_o the_o evidence_n of_o history_n we_o have_v the_o acknowledgement_n of_o two_o very_a eminent_a person_n in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n bellarmine_n and_o sirmondus_n who_o do_v in_o effect_n confess_v that_o this_o paschasius_fw-la be_v the_o first_o who_o write_v to_o purpose_n upon_o this_o argument_n eccles_n argument_n de_fw-fr scriptor_n eccles_n bellarmine_n in_o these_o word_n this_o author_n be_v the_o first_o who_o have_v serious_o and_o copious_o write_v concern_v the_o truth_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n in_o the_o eucharist_n and_o paschasii_fw-la and_o in_o vita_fw-la paschasii_fw-la sirmondus_fw-la in_o these_o he_o so_o first_o explain_v the_o genuine_a sense_n of_o the_o catholic_a church_n that_o he_o open_v the_o way_n to_o the_o rest_n who_o afterward_o in_o great_a number_n write_v upon_o the_o same_o argument_n but_o though_o sirmondus_n be_v please_v to_o say_v that_o he_o only_o first_o explain_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o catholic_a church_n in_o this_o point_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a from_o the_o record_n of_o that_o age_n which_o be_v leave_v to_o we_o that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o this_o doctrine_n be_v broach_v in_o the_o latin_a church_n and_o it_o meet_v with_o great_a opposition_n in_o that_o age_n as_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n hereafter_o to_o show_v for_o rabanus_n maurus_n archbishop_n of_o mentz_n about_o the_o year_n dcccxlvii_o recite_v the_o very_a word_n of_o paschasius_fw-la wherein_o he_o have_v deliver_v this_o doctrine_n have_v this_o remarkable_a passage_n concern_v the_o novelty_n of_o it_o 33._o it_o epist_n ad_fw-la heribaldum_fw-la c._n 33._o some_o say_v he_o of_o late_a not_o have_v a_o right_a opinion_n concern_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n have_v say_v that_o this_o be_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n which_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n and_o in_o which_o our_o lord_n suffer_v upon_o the_o cross_n and_o rose_n from_o the_o dead_a which_o error_n say_v he_o we_o have_v oppose_v with_o all_o our_o might_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v plain_a by_o the_o testimony_n of_o one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o learned_a bishop_n of_o that_o age_n and_o of_o eminent_a reputation_n for_o piety_n that_o what_o be_v now_o the_o very_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n concern_v the_o sacrament_n be_v then_o esteem_v a_o error_n broach_v by_o some_o particular_a person_n but_o be_v far_o from_o be_v the_o general_o receive_v doctrine_n of_o that_o age._n can_v any_o one_o think_v it_o possible_a that_o so_o eminent_a a_o person_n in_o the_o church_n both_o for_o piety_n and_o learning_n can_v have_v condemn_v this_o doctrine_n as_o a_o error_n and_o a_o novelty_n have_v it_o be_v the_o general_a doctrine_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n not_o only_o in_o that_o but_o in_o all_o former_a age_n and_o no_o censure_n pass_v upon_o he_o for_o that_o which_o be_v now_o the_o great_a burn_a article_n in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o esteem_v by_o they_o one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o pernicious_a heresy_n afterward_o in_o the_o year_n mlix_o when_o berengarius_fw-la in_o france_n and_o germany_n have_v raise_v a_o fresh_a opposition_n against_o this_o doctrine_n he_o be_v compel_v to_o recant_v it_o by_o pope_n nicholas_n and_o the_o council_n at_o rome_n in_o these_o word_n 19_o word_n gratian._n de_fw-fr consecrat_fw-mi distinct_a 2._o lanfranc_n de_fw-fr corp_n &_o sing_v domini_fw-la c._n 5._o guitmund_n de_fw-fr
sacram._n l._n 1._o alger_n de_fw-fr sacram._n l._n 1._o c._n 19_o that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o altar_n after_o the_o consecration_n be_v not_o only_o the_o sacrament_n but_o the_o true_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n and_o be_v sensible_o not_o only_o in_o the_o sacrament_n but_o in_o truth_n handle_v and_o break_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o priest_n and_o ground_n or_o bruise_v by_o the_o tooth_n of_o the_o faithful_a but_o it_o seem_v the_o pope_n and_o his_o council_n be_v not_o then_o skilful_a enough_o to_o express_v themselves_o right_o in_o this_o matter_n for_o the_o gloss_n upon_o the_o canon_n law_n say_v express_o berengarius_fw-la express_o gloss_n decret_n de_fw-mi consecrat_fw-mi do_v 2._o in_o cap._n ego_fw-la berengarius_fw-la that_o unless_o we_o understand_v these_o word_n of_o berengarius_n that_o be_v in_o truth_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o council_n in_o a_o sound_a sense_n we_o shall_v fall_v into_o a_o great_a heresy_n than_o that_o of_o berengarius_n for_o we_o do_v not_o make_v part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n the_o meaning_n of_o which_o gloss_n i_o can_v imagine_v unless_o it_o be_v this_o that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n though_o it_o be_v in_o truth_n break_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o break_v into_o part_n for_o we_o do_v not_o make_v part_n of_o the_o bode_v of_o christ_n but_o into_o whole_n now_o this_o new_a way_n of_o break_v a_o body_n not_o into_o part_n but_o into_o whole_n which_o in_o good_a earnest_n be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n though_o to_o they_o that_o be_v able_a to_o believe_v transubstantiation_n it_o may_v for_o any_o thing_n i_o know_v appear_v to_o be_v sound_a sense_n yet_o to_o we_o that_o can_v believe_v so_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v solid_a nonsense_n about_o xx_o year_n after_o in_o the_o year_n mlxxix_o pope_n gregory_n the_o vii_o the_o begin_v to_o be_v sensible_a of_o this_o absurdity_n and_o therefore_o in_o another_o council_n at_o rome_n make_v berengarius_fw-la to_o recant_v in_o another_o form_n viz._n 13._o viz._n walden_v tom._n 2._o c._n 13._o that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o be_v place_v upon_o the_o altar_n be_v substantial_o change_v into_o the_o true_a and_o proper_a and_o quicken_a flesh_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n and_o after_o consecration_n be_v the_o true_a body_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n and_o which_o be_v offer_v for_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o world_n do_v hang_v upon_o the_o cross_n and_o sit_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o father_n so_o that_o from_o the_o first_o start_v of_o this_o doctrine_n in_o the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a in_o the_o year_n dcclxxxvii_o till_o the_o council_n under_o pope_n gregory_n the_o vii_o the_o in_o the_o year_n mlxxix_o it_o be_v almost_o three_o hundred_o year_n that_o this_o doctrine_n be_v contest_v and_o before_o this_o misshape_a monster_n of_o transubstantiation_n can_v be_v lick_v into_o that_o form_n in_o which_o it_o be_v now_o settle_a and_o establish_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n here_o then_o be_v a_o plain_a account_n of_o the_o first_o rise_v of_o this_o doctrine_n and_o of_o the_o several_a step_n whereby_o it_o be_v advance_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n into_o a_o article_n of_o faith_n i_o come_v now_o in_o the_o three_o place_n to_o answer_v the_o great_a pretend_a demonstration_n of_o the_o impossibility_n that_o this_o doctrine_n if_o it_o have_v be_v new_a shall_v ever_o have_v come_v in_o in_o any_o age_n and_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o church_n and_o consequent_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n have_v be_v the_o perpetual_a belief_n of_o the_o church_n in_o all_o age_n for_o if_o it_o have_v not_o always_o be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n whenever_o it_o have_v attempt_v first_o to_o come_v in_o there_o will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a stir_n and_o bustle_v about_o it_o and_o the_o whole_a christian_a world_n will_v have_v rise_v up_o in_o opposition_n to_o it_o but_o we_o can_v show_v no_o such_o time_n when_o first_o it_o come_v in_o and_o when_o any_o such_o opposition_n be_v make_v to_o it_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v always_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n this_o demonstration_n mounseur_fw-fr arnauld_n a_o very_a learned_a man_n in_o france_n pretend_v to_o be_v unanswerable_a whether_o it_o be_v so_o or_o not_o i_o shall_v brief_o examine_v and_o first_o we_o do_v assign_v a_o punctual_a and_o very_a likely_a time_n of_o the_o first_o rise_v of_o this_o doctrine_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o nine_o age_n though_o it_o do_v not_o take_v firm_a root_n nor_o be_v full_o settle_v and_o establish_v till_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o eleven_o and_o this_o be_v the_o most_o likely_a time_n of_o all_o other_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o christianity_n for_o so_o gross_a a_o error_n to_o appear_v it_o be_v by_o the_o confession_n and_o consent_n of_o their_o own_o historian_n the_o most_o dark_a and_o dismal_a time_n that_o ever_o happen_v to_o the_o christian_a church_n both_o for_o ignorance_n and_o superstition_n and_o vice_n it_o come_v in_o together_o with_o idolatry_n and_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o support_v it_o a_o fit_a prop_n and_o companion_n for_o it_o and_o indeed_o what_o tare_n may_v not_o the_o enemy_n have_v sow_o in_o so_o dark_a and_o long_a a_o night_n when_o so_o considerable_a a_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n be_v lull_v asleep_a in_o profound_a ignorance_n and_o superstition_n and_o this_o agree_v very_o well_o with_o the_o account_n which_o our_o saviour_n himself_o give_v in_o the_o parable_n of_o the_o tare_n of_o the_o spring_a up_o of_o error_n and_o corruption_n in_o the_o field_n of_o the_o church_n 13.24_o church_n matth._n 13.24_o while_o the_o man_n sleep_v the_o enemy_n do_v his_o work_n in_o the_o night_n so_o that_o when_o they_o be_v awake_a they_o wonder_v how_o and_o whence_o the_o tare_n come_v but_o be_v sure_o they_o be_v there_o and_o that_o they_o be_v not_o sow_o at_o first_o they_o conclude_v the_o enemy_n have_v do_v it_o second_o i_o have_v show_v likewise_o that_o there_o be_v considerable_a opposition_n make_v to_o this_o error_n at_o its_o first_o come_v in_o the_o general_a ignorance_n and_o gross_a superstition_n of_o that_o age_n render_v the_o generality_n of_o people_n more_o quiet_a and_o secure_a and_o dispose_v they_o to_o receive_v any_o thing_n that_o come_v under_o a_o pretence_n of_o mystery_n in_o religion_n and_o of_o great_a reverence_n and_o devotion_n to_o the_o sacrament_n and_o that_o seem_v any_o way_n to_o countenance_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n for_o which_o at_o that_o time_n they_o be_v zealous_o concern_v but_o notwithstanding_o the_o security_n and_o passive_a temper_n of_o the_o people_n the_o man_n most_o eminent_a for_o piety_n and_o learning_n in_o that_o time_n make_v great_a resistance_n against_o it_o i_o have_v already_o name_v rabanus_n arch_a bishop_n of_o mentz_n who_o oppose_v it_o as_o a_o error_n late_o spring_v up_o and_o which_o have_v then_o gain_v but_o upon_o some_o few_o person_n to_o who_o i_o may_v add_v heribaldus_n bishop_n of_o auxerres_n in_o france_n io._n scotus_n erigena_n and_o ratramnus_n common_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o bertram_n who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v employ_v by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o bald_a to_o oppose_v this_o grow_a error_n and_o write_v learned_o against_o it_o and_o these_o be_v the_o eminent_a man_n for_o learning_n in_o that_o time_n and_o because_o monsieur_n arnauld_n will_v not_o be_v satisfy_v unless_o there_o be_v some_o stir_n and_o bustle_v about_o it_o bertram_z in_o his_o preface_n to_o his_o book_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o who_o according_a to_o their_o several_a opinion_n talk_v different_o about_o the_o mystery_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n be_v divide_v by_o no_o small_a schism_n three_o though_o for_o a_o more_o clear_a and_o satisfactory_a answer_n to_o this_o pretend_a demonstration_n i_o have_v be_v content_v to_o untie_v this_o knot_n yet_o i_o can_v without_o all_o these_o pain_n have_v cut_v it_o for_o suppose_v this_o doctrine_n have_v silent_o come_v in_o and_o without_o opposition_n so_o that_o we_o can_v not_o assign_v the_o particular_a time_n and_o occasion_n of_o its_o first_o rise_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o record_n of_o former_a age_n for_o above_o d._n year_n together_o that_o this_o be_v not_o the_o ancient_a belief_n of_o the_o church_n and_o plain_a also_o that_o this_o doctrine_n be_v afterward_o receive_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n though_o we_o can_v not_o tell_v how_o and_o when_o it_o come_v in_o yet_o it_o will_v be_v the_o wild_a and_o most_o extravagant_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n to_o set_v up_o a_o
thing_n because_o itself_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o another_o miracle_n to_o give_v testimony_n to_o it_o and_o to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v wrought_v and_o neither_o in_o scripture_n nor_o in_o profane_a author_n nor_o in_o common_a use_n of_o speech_n be_v any_o thing_n call_v a_o miracle_n but_o what_o fall_v under_o the_o notice_n of_o our_o sense_n a_o miracle_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o supernatural_a effect_n evident_a to_o sense_n the_o great_a end_n and_o design_n whereof_o be_v to_o be_v a_o sensible_a proof_n and_o conviction_n to_o we_o of_o something_o that_o we_o do_v not_o see_v and_o for_o want_v of_o this_o condition_n transubstantiation_n if_o it_o be_v true_a will_v be_v no_o miracle_n it_o will_v indeed_o be_v very_o supernatural_a but_o for_o all_o that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o sign_n or_o miracle_n for_o a_o sign_n or_o miracle_n be_v always_o a_o thing_n sensible_a otherwise_o it_o can_v be_v no_o sign_n now_o that_o such_o a_o change_n as_o be_v pretend_v in_o transubstantiation_n shall_v real_o be_v wrought_v and_o yet_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o sign_n and_o appearance_n of_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n very_o wonderful_a but_o not_o to_o sense_n for_o our_o sense_n perceive_v no_o change_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o sacrament_n to_o all_o our_o sense_n remain_v just_a as_o they_o be_v before_o and_o that_o a_o thing_n shall_v remain_v to_o all_o appearance_n just_a as_o it_o be_v have_v nothing_o at_o all_o of_o wonder_n in_o it_o we_o wonder_v indeed_o when_o we_o see_v a_o strange_a thing_n do_v but_o no_o man_n wonder_n when_o he_o see_v nothing_o do_v so_o that_o transubstantiation_n if_o they_o will_v needs_o have_v it_o a_o miracle_n be_v such_o a_o miracle_n as_o any_o man_n may_v work_v that_o have_v but_o the_o confidence_n to_o face_n man_n down_o that_o he_o work_v it_o and_o the_o fortune_n to_o be_v believe_v and_o though_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n may_v magnify_v their_o priest_n upon_o account_n of_o this_o miracle_n which_o they_o say_v they_o can_v work_v every_o day_n and_o every_o hour_n yet_o i_o can_v understand_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o for_o when_o this_o great_a work_n as_o they_o call_v it_o be_v do_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o appear_v to_o be_v do_v than_o if_o there_o be_v no_o miracle_n now_o such_o a_o miracle_n as_o to_o all_o appearance_n be_v no_o miracle_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o a_o protestant_a minister_n as_o well_o as_o a_o popish_a priest_n may_v not_o work_v as_o often_o as_o he_o please_v or_o if_o he_o can_v but_o have_v the_o patience_n to_o let_v it_o alone_o it_o will_v work_v itself_o for_o sure_o nothing_o in_o the_o world_n be_v easy_a than_o to_o let_v a_o thing_n be_v as_o it_o be_v and_o by_o speak_v a_o few_o word_n over_o it_o to_o make_v it_o just_a what_o it_o be_v before_o every_o man_n every_o day_n may_v work_v ten_o thousand_o such_o miracle_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v dispatch_v the_o first_o part_n of_o my_o discourse_n which_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o pretend_a ground_n and_o reason_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n for_o this_o doctrine_n and_o to_o show_v the_o weakness_n and_o insufficiency_n of_o they_o i_o come_v in_o the_o second_o place_n to_o produce_v our_o objection_n against_o it_o which_o will_v be_v of_o so_o much_o the_o great_a force_n because_o i_o have_v already_o show_v this_o doctrine_n to_o be_v destitute_a of_o all_o divine_a warrant_n and_o authority_n and_o of_o any_o other_o sort_n of_o ground_n sufficient_a in_o reason_n to_o justify_v it_o so_o that_o i_o do_v not_o now_o object_n against_o a_o doctrine_n which_o have_v a_o fair_a probability_n of_o divine_a revelation_n on_o its_o side_n for_o that_o will_v weigh_v down_o all_o objection_n which_o do_v not_o plain_o overthrow_v the_o probability_n and_o credit_n of_o its_o divine_a revelation_n but_o i_o object_n against_o a_o doctrine_n by_o the_o mere_a will_n and_o tyranny_n of_o man_n impose_v upon_o the_o belief_n of_o christian_n without_o any_o evidence_n of_o scripture_n and_o against_o all_o the_o evidence_n of_o reason_n and_o sense_n the_o objection_n i_o shall_v reduce_v to_o these_o two_o head_n first_o the_o infinite_a scandal_n of_o this_o doctrine_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o second_o the_o monstrous_a and_o insupportable_a absurdity_n of_o it_o first_o the_o infinite_a scandal_n of_o this_o doctrine_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o that_o upon_o these_o four_o account_n 1._o of_o the_o stupidity_n of_o this_o doctrine_n 2._o the_o real_a barbarousness_n of_o this_o sacrament_n and_o rite_n of_o our_o religion_n upon_o supposition_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o doctrine_n 3._o of_o the_o cruel_a and_o bloody_a consequence_n of_o it_o 4._o of_o the_o danger_n of_o idolatry_n which_o they_o be_v certain_o guilty_a of_o if_o this_o doctrine_n be_v not_o true_a 1._o upon_o account_n of_o the_o stupidity_n of_o this_o doctrine_n i_o remember_v that_o tully_n who_o be_v a_o man_n of_o very_o good_a sense_n instance_v in_o the_o conceit_n of_o eat_v god_n as_o the_o extremity_n of_o madness_n and_o so_o stupid_a a_o apprehension_n as_o he_o think_v no_o man_n be_v ever_o guilty_a of_o 3._o of_o de_fw-fr nat._n deorum_fw-la l._n 3._o when_o we_o call_v say_v he_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n ceres_n and_o wine_n bacchus_n we_o use_v but_o the_o common_a language_n but_o do_v you_o think_v any_o man_n so_o mad_a as_o to_o believe_v that_o which_o he_o eat_v to_o be_v god_n it_o seem_v he_o can_v not_o believe_v that_o so_o extravagant_a a_o folly_n have_v ever_o enter_v into_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n it_o be_v a_o very_a severe_a say_n of_o averro_n the_o arabian_a philosopher_n who_o live_v after_o this_o doctrine_n be_v entertain_v among_o christian_n and_o ought_v to_o make_v the_o church_n or_o rome_n blush_v 1._o blush_v diony_n carthus_n in_o 4._o do_v 10._o art_n 1._o if_o she_o can_v i_o have_v travel_v say_v he_o over_o the_o world_n and_o have_v find_v divers_a sect_n but_o so_o sottish_a a_o sect_n or_o law_n i_o never_o find_v as_o be_v the_o sect_n of_o the_o christian_n because_o with_o their_o own_o tooth_n they_o devour_v their_o god_n who_o they_o worship_v it_o be_v great_a stupidity_n in_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n to_o say_v come_v let_v we_o make_v we_o god_n but_o it_o be_v civil_o say_v of_o they_o let_v we_o make_v we_o god_n that_o may_v go_v before_o we_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n who_o say_v let_v we_o make_v a_o god_n that_o we_o may_v eat_v he_o so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n i_o can_v but_o wonder_v that_o they_o shall_v choose_v thus_o to_o expose_v faith_n to_o the_o contempt_n of_o all_o that_o be_v endue_v with_o reason_n and_o to_o speak_v the_o plain_a truth_n the_o christian_a religion_n be_v never_o so_o horrible_o expose_v to_o the_o scorn_n of_o atheist_n and_o infidel_n as_o it_o have_v be_v by_o this_o most_o absurd_a and_o senseless_a doctrine_n but_o thus_o it_o be_v foretell_v that_o 2.10_o that_o 2_o thess_n 2.10_o the_o man_n of_o sin_n shall_v come_v with_o power_n and_o sign_n and_o lie_a miracle_n and_o with_o all_o deceiveableness_n of_o unrighteousness_n with_o all_o the_o legerdemain_n and_o juggle_a trick_n of_o falsehood_n and_o imposture_n among_o which_o this_o of_o transubstantiation_n which_o they_o call_v a_o miracle_n and_o we_o a_o cheat_n be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o in_o all_o probability_n those_o common_a juggle_a word_n of_o hocus_fw-la pocus_fw-la be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o corruption_n of_o hoc_fw-la est_fw-la corpus_fw-la by_o way_n of_o ridiculous_a imitation_n of_o the_o priest_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o their_o trick_n of_o transubstantiation_n into_o such_o contempt_n by_o this_o foolish_a doctrine_n and_o pretend_a miracle_n of_o they_o have_v they_o bring_v the_o most_o sacred_a and_o venerable_a mystery_n of_o our_o religion_n 2._o it_o be_v very_o scandalous_a likewise_o upon_o account_n of_o the_o real_a barbarousness_n of_o this_o sacrament_n and_o rite_n of_o our_o religion_n upon_o supposition_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o doctrine_n literal_o to_o eat_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o son_n of_o man_n and_o to_o drink_v his_o blood_n st._n austin_n as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o declare_v to_o be_v a_o great_a impiety_n and_o the_o impiety_n and_o barbarousness_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o in_o truth_n extenuate_v but_o only_o the_o appearance_n of_o it_o by_o its_o be_v do_v under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n for_o the_o thing_n they_o acknowledge_v be_v real_o do_v and_o they_o believe_v that_o they_o very_o eat_v and_o drink_v the_o natural_a flesh_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o what_o can_v any_o man_n do_v more_o unworthy_o towards_o his_o
difficulty_n arise_v partly_o from_o the_o general_a nature_n of_o habit_n indisserent_o consider_v whether_o they_o be_v good_a or_o bad_a or_o indifferent_a partly_o from_o the_o particular_a nature_n of_o evil_n and_o vicious_a habit_n and_o partly_o from_o the_o natural_a and_o judicial_a consequence_n of_o a_o great_a progress_n and_o long_a continuance_n in_o a_o evil_a course_n by_o the_o consideration_n of_o these_o three_o particular_n the_o extreme_a difficulty_n of_o this_o change_n together_o with_o the_o true_a cause_n and_o reason_n of_o it_o will_v full_o appear_v 1._o if_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o all_o habit_n whether_o good_a or_o bad_a or_o indifferent_a the_o custom_n and_o frequent_a practice_n of_o any_o thing_n beget_v in_o we_o a_o facility_n and_o easiness_n in_o do_v it_o it_o bend_v the_o power_n of_o our_o soul_n and_o turn_v the_o stream_n and_o current_n of_o our_o animal_n spirit_n such_o a_o way_n and_o give_v all_o our_o faculty_n a_o tendency_n and_o pliableness_n to_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o action_n and_o when_o we_o have_v long_o stand_v bend_v one_o way_n we_o grow_v settle_v and_o confirm_v in_o it_o and_o can_v without_o great_a force_n and_o violence_n be_v restore_v to_o our_o former_a state_n and_o condition_n for_o the_o perfection_n of_o any_o habit_n whether_o good_a or_o bad_a induce_v a_o kind_n of_o necessity_n of_o act_v according_o a_o root_a habit_n become_v a_o govern_v principle_n and_o bear_v almost_o a_o equal_a sway_n in_o we_o with_o that_o which_o be_v natural_a it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o new_a nature_n superinduce_v and_o even_o as_o hard_o to_o be_v expel_v as_o some_o thing_n which_o be_v primitive_o and_o original_o natural_a when_o we_o bend_v a_o thing_n at_o first_o it_o will_v endeavour_v to_o restore_v itself_o but_o it_o may_v be_v hold_v bend_v so_o long_o till_o it_o will_v continue_v so_o of_o itself_o and_o grow_v crooked_a and_o than_o it_o may_v require_v more_o force_n and_o violence_n to_o reduce_v it_o to_o its_o former_a straightness_n than_o we_o use_v to_o make_v it_o crooked_a at_o first_o this_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o all_o habit_n the_o far_o we_o proceed_v the_o more_o we_o be_v confirm_v in_o they_o and_o that_o which_o at_o first_o we_o do_v voluntary_o by_o degree_n become_v so_o natural_a and_o necessary_a that_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a for_o we_o to_o do_v otherwise_o this_o be_v plain_o see_v in_o the_o experience_n of_o every_o day_n in_o thing_n good_a and_o bad_a both_o in_o lesser_a and_o great_a matter_n 2._o this_o difficulty_n arise_v more_o especial_o from_o the_o particular_a nature_n of_o evil_n and_o vicious_a habit_n these_o because_o they_o be_v suitable_a to_o our_o corrupt_a nature_n and_o conspire_v with_o the_o inclination_n of_o it_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v of_o a_o much_o quick_a growth_n and_o improvement_n and_o in_o a_o short_a space_n and_o with_o less_o care_n and_o endeavour_v to_o arrive_v at_o maturity_n and_o strength_n than_o the_o habit_n of_o grace_n and_o goodness_n consider_v the_o propension_n of_o our_o deprave_a nature_n the_o progress_n of_o virtue_n and_o goodness_n be_v up_o the_o hill_n in_o which_o we_o not_o only_o move_v hardly_o and_o heavy_o but_o be_v easy_o roll_v back_o but_o by_o wickedness_n and_o vice_n we_o move_v downward_o which_o as_o it_o be_v much_o quick_a and_o easy_a so_o be_v it_o hard_o for_o we_o to_o stop_v in_o that_o course_n and_o infinite_o more_o difficult_a to_o return_v from_o it_o not_o but_o that_o at_o first_o a_o sinner_n have_v some_o considerable_a check_n and_o restraint_n upon_o he_o and_o meet_v with_o several_a rub_n and_o difficulty_n in_o his_o way_n the_o shame_n and_o unreasonableness_n of_o his_o vice_n and_o the_o trouble_n and_o disquiet_v which_o they_o create_v to_o he_o but_o he_o break_v loose_a from_o these_o restraint_n and_o get_v over_o these_o difficulty_n by_o degree_n and_o the_o fast_o and_o far_o he_o advance_v in_o a_o evil_a course_n the_o less_o trouble_n still_o they_o give_v he_o till_o at_o last_o they_o almost_o quite_o lose_v their_o force_n and_o give_v he_o little_a or_o no_o disturbance_n shame_v also_o be_v a_o great_a restraint_n upon_o sinner_n at_o first_o but_o that_o soon_o fall_v off_o and_o when_o man_n have_v once_o lose_v their_o innocence_n their_o modesty_n be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v long_o troublesome_a to_o they_o for_o impudence_n come_v on_o with_o vice_n and_o grow_v up_o with_o it_o lesservice_n do_v not_o banish_v all_o shame_n and_o modesty_n but_o great_a and_o abominable_a crime_n harden_v man_n forehead_n and_o make_v they_o shameless_a be_v they_o ashamed_a say_v the_o prophet_n when_o they_o commit_v abomination_n nay_o they_o be_v not_o ashamed_a neither_o can_v they_o blush_v when_o man_n have_v the_o heart_n to_o do_v a_o very_a bad_a thing_n they_o seldom_o want_v the_o face_n to_o bear_v it_o out_o and_o as_o for_o the_o unreasonableness_n of_o vice_n though_o nothing_o in_o the_o world_n be_v more_o evident_a to_o a_o free_a and_o impartial_a judgement_n and_o the_o sinner_n himself_o discern_v it_o clear_o enough_o at_o his_o first_o set_v out_o in_o a_o wicked_a course_n video_fw-la meliora_fw-la probóque_fw-la deteriora_fw-la sequor_fw-la he_o offend_v against_o the_o light_n of_o his_o own_o mind_n and_o do_v wicked_o when_o he_o know_v better_a yet_o after_o he_o have_v continue_v for_o some_o time_n in_o this_o course_n and_o be_v hearty_o engage_v in_o it_o his_o foolish_a heart_n be_v darken_v and_o the_o notion_n of_o good_a and_o evil_n be_v obscure_v and_o confound_v and_o thing_n appear_v to_o he_o in_o a_o false_a and_o imperfect_a light_n his_o lust_n do_v at_o once_o blind_a and_o bias_n his_o understanding_n and_o his_o judgement_n by_o degree_n go_v over_o to_o his_o inclination_n and_o he_o can_v think_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v so_o much_o reason_n against_o those_o thing_n for_o which_o he_o have_v so_o strong_a a_o affection_n he_o be_v now_o engage_v in_o a_o party_n and_o factious_o concern_v to_o maintain_v it_o and_o to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o it_o and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o bend_v all_o his_o wit_n to_o advance_v such_o principle_n as_o be_v fit_a to_o justify_v his_o wicked_a practice_n and_o in_o all_o debate_v plain_o savour_v that_o side_n of_o the_o question_n which_o will_v give_v the_o great_a countenance_n and_o encouragement_n to_o they_o when_o man_n be_v corrupt_a and_o do_v abominable_a work_n they_o say_v in_o their_o heart_n there_o be_v no_o god_n that_o be_v they_o will_v fain_o think_v so_o and_o every_o thing_n serve_v for_o a_o argument_n to_o a_o willing_a mind_n and_o every_o little_a objection_n appear_v strong_a and_o considerable_a which_o make_v against_o that_o which_o man_n be_v loath_a shall_v be_v true_a not_o that_o any_o man_n ever_o satisfy_v himself_o in_o the_o principle_n of_o infidelity_n or_o be_v able_a to_o arrive_v to_o a_o steady_a and_o unshaken_a persuasion_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o they_o so_o as_o not_o vehement_o to_o doubt_v and_o fear_v the_o contrary_n however_o by_o this_o mean_v many_o man_n though_o they_o can_v full_o comfort_v yet_o they_o make_v a_o shift_n to_o cheat_v themselves_o to_o still_o their_o conscience_n and_o lay_v they_o asleep_o for_o a_o time_n so_o as_o not_o to_o receive_v any_o great_a and_o frequent_a disturbance_n in_o their_o course_n from_o the_o check_n and_o rebuke_n of_o their_o own_o mind_n and_o when_o these_o restraint_n be_v remove_v the_o work_n of_o iniquity_n go_v on_o amain_o be_v favour_v both_o by_o wind_n and_o tide_n 3._o the_o difficulty_n of_o this_o change_n arise_v likewise_o from_o the_o natural_a and_o judicial_a consequence_n of_o a_o great_a progress_n and_o long_a continuance_n in_o a_o evil_a course_n my_o meaning_n be_v that_o inveterate_a evil_a habit_n do_v partly_o from_o their_o own_o nature_n and_o partly_o from_o the_o just_a judgement_n and_o permission_n of_o god_n put_v man_n under_o several_a disadvantage_n of_o move_v effectual_o towards_o their_o own_o recovery_n by_o a_o long_a custom_n of_o sin_v man_n conscience_n grow_v brawny_a and_o sear_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o hot_a iron_n and_o by_o be_v often_o trample_v upon_o they_o become_v hard_a as_o the_o beat_a road_n so_o that_o unless_o it_o be_v upon_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n they_o be_v seldom_o awaken_v to_o a_o sense_n of_o their_o guilt_n and_o when_o man_n heart_n be_v thus_o hard_o the_o best_a counsel_n make_v but_o little_a impression_n upon_o they_o for_o they_o be_v steel_v against_o reproof_n and_o impenetrable_a to_o good_a advice_n which_o be_v therefore_o seldom_o offer_v to_o they_o even_o by_o those_o that_o wish_v they_o well_o because_o they_o know_v it_o to_o be_v both_o unacceptable_a and_o unlikely_a to_o prevail_v it_o
key_n of_o knowledge_n and_o shut_v the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n against_o man_n that_o be_v do_v what_o in_o they_o lie_v to_o render_v it_o impossible_a for_o man_n to_o be_v save_v for_o this_o he_o denounce_v a_o terrible_a woe_n against_o the_o teacher_n of_o the_o jewish_a church_n though_o they_o do_v not_o proceed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o deprive_v man_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o h._n scripture_n but_o only_o of_o the_o right_a knowledge_n and_o understanding_n of_o they_o this_o alone_a be_v a_o horrible_a impiety_n to_o lead_v man_n into_o a_o false_a sense_n and_o interpretation_n of_o scripture_n but_o much_o great_a to_o forbid_v they_o the_o read_n of_o it_o this_o be_v to_o stop_v knowledge_n at_o the_o very_a fountainhead_n and_o not_o only_o to_o lead_v man_n into_o error_n but_o to_o take_v away_o from_o they_o all_o possibility_n of_o rectify_v their_o mistake_n and_o can_v there_o be_v a_o great_a sacrilege_n than_o to_o rob_v man_n of_o the_o word_n of_o god_n the_o best_a mean_n in_o the_o world_n of_o acquaint_v they_o with_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o their_o duty_n and_o the_o way_n to_o eternal_a happiness_n to_o keep_v the_o people_n in_o ignorance_n of_o that_o which_o be_v necessary_a to_o save_v they_o be_v to_o judge_v they_o unworthy_a of_o eternal_a life_n and_o to_o declare_v it_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o they_o and_o malicious_o to_o contrive_v the_o eternal_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n of_o their_o soul_n to_o lock_v up_o the_o scripture_n and_o the_o service_n of_o god_n from_o the_o people_n in_o a_o unknown_a tongue_n what_o be_v this_o but_o in_o effect_n to_o forbid_v man_n to_o know_v god_n and_o to_o serve_v he_o to_o render_v they_o incapable_a of_o know_v what_o be_v the_o good_a and_o acceptable_a will_n of_o god_n of_o join_v in_o his_o worship_n or_o perform_v any_o part_n of_o it_o or_o receive_v any_o benefit_n or_o edification_n from_o it_o and_o what_o be_v if_o this_o be_v not_o to_o shut_v the_o kingdom_n 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the_o scripture_n and_o the_o design_n of_o god_n in_o inspire_a man_n to_o write_v they_o can_v any_o man_n think_v that_o god_n shall_v send_v this_o great_a light_n of_o his_o word_n into_o the_o world_n for_o the_o priest_n to_o hide_v it_o under_o a_o bushel_n and_o not_o rather_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v set_v up_o to_o the_o great_a advantage_n for_o the_o enlighten_v of_o the_o world_n st._n paul_n tell_v we_o rom._n 15._o 4._o that_o whatsoever_o thing_n be_v write_v be_v write_v for_o our_o learning_n that_o we_o through_o patience_n and_o comfort_n of_o the_o scripture_n may_v have_v hope_n and_o 2_o tim._n 3.16_o that_o all_o scripture_n be_v give_v by_o inspiration_n of_o god_n and_o be_v prositable_a for_o doctrine_n for_o reproof_n for_o correction_n for_o instruction_n in_o righteousness_n and_o if_o the_o scripture_n be_v write_v for_o these_o end_n can_v any_o man_n have_v the_o face_n to_o pretend_v that_o they_o do_v not_o concern_v the_o people_n as_o well_o as_o 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difficulty_n and_o obscurity_n in_o the_o scripture_n enough_o to_o exercise_v the_o skill_n and_o wit_n of_o the_o learned_a yet_o be_v they_o not_o therefore_o either_o useless_a or_o dangerous_a to_o the_o people_n the_o ancient_a father_n of_o the_o church_n be_v of_o another_o mind_n st._n chrysostome_n tell_v we_o that_o whatever_o thing_n be_v necessary_a be_v manifest_a in_o the_o scripture_n and_o st._n austin_n that_o all_o thing_n be_v plain_a in_o the_o scripture_n which_o concern_v faith_n and_o a_o good_a life_n and_o that_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o salvation_n of_o man_n be_v not_o so_o hard_a to_o be_v come_v at_o but_o that_o as_o to_o those_o thing_n which_o the_o scripture_n plain_o contain_v it_o speak_v without_o disguise_n like_o a_o familiar_a friend_n to_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o unlearned_a and_o upon_o these_o and_o such_o like_a consideration_n the_o father_n do_v every_o where_n in_o their_o oration_n &_o homily_n 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old_a in_o the_o like_a case_n god_n by_o his_o prophet_n severe_o threaten_v the_o priest_n of_o the_o jewish_a church_n for_o not_o instruct_v the_o people_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n hosea_n 4.6_o my_o people_n be_v destroy_v for_o lack_n of_o knowledge_n because_o thou_o have_v reject_v knowledge_n i_o will_v also_o reject_v thou_o thou_o shall_v be_v no_o more_o a_o priest_n to_o i_o see_v thou_o have_v forget_v the_o law_n of_o thy_o god_n i_o will_v also_o forget_v thy_o child_n god_n you_o see_v lay_v the_o ruin_n of_o so_o many_o soul_n at_o their_o door_n and_o will_v require_v their_o blood_n at_o their_o hand_n so_o many_o as_o perish_v for_o want_v of_o knowledge_n and_o eternal_o miscarry_v by_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o necessary_a mean_n of_o salvation_n their_o destruction_n shall_v be_v charge_v upon_o those_o who_o have_v take_v away_o the_o key_n of_o knowledge_n and_o shut_v the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n against_o man_n and_o it_o be_v just_a with_o god_n 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