assuring the party already sanctified and justified of his justification and salvation in that we are taught that we are justified by faith alone but in this we are justified that is assured of justification not onely by faith but by good workes and all other meanes by which we are to make our calling and election sure The eighth error that assent is not the act of justifying faith 8. The eighth that faith as it is an assent doth not justifie the contrary whereof speaking of a true lively and effectuall assent I have fully and as I hope sufficiently proved But let us examine his proofes the first is this The Act of justifying faith is supernaturall Eph 2. 8 this assent to the truth of the Gospell concerning salvation by Christ is not supernaturall ergo I deny the assumption and affirme that the true lively and effectuall assent is supernaturall and cannot be had without the helpe of the holy Ghost as being a proper work of the holy Ghost when he doth regenerate any of us No man can say that Iesus is the Lord 1 Cor. 12. 3. but by the holy Ghost And who knowes not that it is the proper work of the holy Ghost in the ministery of the Gospell to open the hearts of the elect as he did the heart of Lydia Act. 16. to assent unto the word To use arguments to perswade the hearers to embrace the Gospell and to receive Christ may be the worke of the Minister but to perswade the hearer thereunto is the worke of the holy Ghost Againe that whereby we become the sonnes of God is not a work of nature but of the regenerating spirit by this lively assent we become the sonnes of God For By this effectuall assent as I have shewed we receive CHRIST But as many as received him to them he gave this power to become the sonnes of God Iohn 1. 12. 13. even to them that believe oâ— his name which are begotten or borne not of blood nor of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man but of GOD. Would you therefore know who is borne of GOD Whosoever believeth that Iesus is the Christ Iohn 5. 1. is borne of God But the assumption he proveth thus Whatsoever the understanding by the onely light of nature judgeth to be honest and good that the will can desire or will by the onely strength of Nature But by the onely light of nature the understanding judgeth that it is an honest thing to believe Gods authority revealing any thing unto us Therefore 〈◊〉 will by thâ— onely strength of nature â—ay dâ—sirâ— this act of believing and so consâ—quently there is no need of grace to mâ—ve the Will 〈◊〉 command the understanding If aâ—y man imagine that this conclusion doth contradict mine assertion affirming such an assent as I have spoken of to be â—aith he must understand that I speake not of a baâ—â— assent to whatsoever God revealeth unto us but the assent must be â—hus qualified First it must be a willing or voluntary assent For the understanding whereof we must know that what soever the understanding conceiveth and judgeth to be true and good that the will doth receive as true and good for the will is intellectus extensus And such is the naturall harmony betweene the understanding and the will that as the will followeth the judgment and resolution of the practicke understanding so the will having received for true and good that which the understanding hath so conceived the minde or the reasonable soule doth both assent to it as true and approve it as good So that the assent and approbâ—tion of the minde is an act both of the understanding and of the will But how the will which naturally followeth the direction of the understanding should as he speaketh command the understanding to assent or approve I doe not conceive But on the contrary I supposâ— that the minde many times doth assenâ— not onely without the command but also without the consent of the will as namely when the understanding of a man or devill doth know a thing to be truâ— but doth not conceive it to be good but hurtfull and pernicious to himselfe That therâ— is a God who is the Iuâ—ge of the world that this God is just that he hath prepared hell for the wicked the divells and wicked men doe conceive and know to be true and because they cannot dâ—ny 〈◊〉 they doe acknowledge and after a sort assent unto 〈◊〉 but yet this truth they doe abhorre and with horrour they doe believe it Iam. 2. 19. The legion of 〈◊〉 did know our Saviour CHRIST and confesse him to â—ee the Sonne oâ— Go◠〈…〉 câ—me to torment them before their time Mark 8 〈◊〉 so that the wicked botâ— men and Angâ—lâ— doe many times believe that which they doe not willingly assent unto but abhorre and wish it were otherwise But the faith of Gods children is a willing assent Secondly it is a true lively and effectuall assent For in Divinity we are said to believe and by Faith to know no more then we believe effectually and know by a lively faith Now where there is a true lively and effectuall faith it worketh a disposition in us answerable to that which we believe and know The wicked doe believe after a sort that there is a God that he is just and good that he is infinite in essence power and wisdome c. that IESUS the Sonne of the blessed Virgin is the Saviour of the world c. Yet none of all this doe they truely and effectuall believe For if they did believe inded that there is a GOD they would not deny him in their deeds behaveing themselves as if there were no God If they did truly believe that he is good yea goodnesse it selfe they would love him if just they would feare him if omnipresent they would walke before him if omnipotent or all-sufficient they would either trust in him oâ— feare him if omniscient they would not play the hypocrites before him If they did truly believe that IESUS is the Saviour they would desire to be made partakers of his merits they would be carefull to apply them to themselves they would rest upon him for salvation they would obey and serve him as their Lord But he that saith he knoweth him that is believeth in him and hath no desire nor care to keepe his commandements John 2. 1. he is alyar saith Sant Iohn and there is no truth in him That faith therefore which is not lively and effectuall but a dead faith as Saint Iames calleth it Jam. 2. 10. is no more to be accompted a true faith then the carcase or counterfeit of a man is a true man 3. The formall object of this assent as it justifieth is not every truth reavled of God though it believeth whatsoever God hath revealed in his word but that onely which 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is called truth of God John 5. 33. 18 37. 1 Tim. 2. 4. that
Zacharies 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or song of victory which the Israel of God hath over the spirituall Pharaoh and all the enemies of our Salvation But I come to the words of the Exposition Salvation where we may out of the words going before repeat the Verb 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as if he had said Who I say hath wrought or raised Salvation that is saved us from our enemies and from the hand that is the power of all that hate us Verse 72. That he might work mercy with our Forefathers that is that he might perform his merciful promises made to our Fathers and remember that is shew himself mindful of his holy Covenant Then Verse 73. The Oath which is either to be read by apposition if with Theophylact we read 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to wit The Oath or to be referred to the Verb 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that he might perform or remember the Oath which he sware to our Father Abraham In this latter Exposition as the words are multiplied and the phrases varied so the affection of the argument is also changed for whereas in the former Exposition it was said He visited that is Redeemed his people as he had graciously promised here it is said He visited that is Redeemed or saved us that he might perform his promise Where the keeping of his promise is made the end of his sending Christ to Redeem us to let us understand That as God was most gracious in promising our Redemption so most faithful and just in the performance So that the former part of this Psalm from the beginning thereof to the end of my Text is but one sentence or Axiome wherein there is relation of consequence the sum whereof is this Because the Lord hath visited that is hath Redeemed his people according to his promise and hath saved us that he might keep his promise and perform his Oath he is therefore to be Blessed that is magnified and praised This Analysis I have the rather propounded because we repeating this Psalm daily in our Lyturgy might as David exhorteth Psal. 47. 7. Sing with understanding as also because my Text being but a part of the sentence is not compleat in it self but must be perfected by repetition of that which goeth before after this manner The Lord God of Israel is therefore to be blessed because he hath visited that is hath sent his Son to Redeem us as he hath promised and to save us that he might keep his promise and perform his Oath which he sware to Abraham the tenor whereof was this That he would give us c. and this is the Coherence of my Text Out of which we may gather these three Observations First where it is said That God did therefore send his Son to Redeem us that he might keep his promise and perform his Oath we observe the immutable truth and fidelity of God in performing his promises For in Christ all the promises of Godare yea and amen 2 Cor. 1. 20. If therefore the truth of God be such that rather then he would go back from his word he did send his own Son to suffer death for our redemption yea if his fidelity were such as that therefore he sent his son that he might perform his promise then can we not doubt of the performance of any other promise of God this being the most difficult of all either for God to grant or for us to beleeve When the world was to be made the Lord did speak the word and it was created But when it was to be redeemed he gave his Son to be a price or ransome for us And who would ever have thought but that the Lord hath revealed this his unspeakable mercy in his word that God being of infinite Majesty and Glory and enjoying all self contented happiness would give his only begotten Son to dye for his enemies If therefore to make good this promise he gave his Son to dye for us how shall he not Rom. 8. 32. with him give us all other good things which he hath promised Such is the truth of God that every faithful man may say with the Apostle 2 Tim. 1. 12. I know whom I have beleeved and I am sure that what he hath promised shall in due time be performed For as he is omnipotent and therefore able so he is the God of truth Psalm 31. 5. yea truth it self Deut. 32. 4. and therefore willing he is Iehovah Exod. 6. 3. one that giveth being to his word who though he can do all things yet he cannot lye Tit. 1. 2. nor deny himself 2 Tim. 2. 13. Wherefore as the faithful who lived before the incarnation of CHRIST did faithfully and comfortably wait for the performance of that promise as being the consolation of Israel Luk. 2. 25. though between the making of it and the performance there did intercede four thousand years So whereas the Lord hath promised his second coming for our full redemption though it may seem to be delayed we are with comfort to wait for it with earnestnes to long for it and with undoubted certainty to expect it Secondly whereas Zachary praiseth the Lord for performing his promise concerning our redemption by CHRIST we learn what is our duty namely to praise and magnifie the name of the Lord as for all other his mercies so especially for the work of our redemption according to that Psa. 107. 2. Let them praise the Lord whom he hath redeemed and delivered from the hand of the enemy But of this more hereafter Thirdly whereas Zachary giveth thanks to God for a benefit not as yet received for as yet CHRIST was not born and much less had he as yet redeemed us we learn That we are to give thanks not only for the benefits already received but for such also as are promised for this is a notable fruit of a lively Faith setting forth also most notably the truth of God in his promises when a man in the assurance of Faith which is the substance of things hoped for Heb. 11. 1. giveth thanks for those benefits and blessings which as yet he hath not as though he had already received them It is the commendation of the faithful Hebr. 11. 13. who having not received the promises but having seen them afar off as Abraham Joh. 8. 56. saw the day of Christ beleeved them embraced them and rejoyced in them For if he who praiseth God for benefits received doth glorifie God Psal. 50. 23. then much more doth he glorifie him and magnifie his Truth who praiseth him for benefits which he hath only promised because this is a fruit of a greater Faith Thus David shewed himself thankful to God for the favors which he had promised by Nathan 2 Sam. 7. and thus ought we to be thankful for the promises of a better life So much of the Context CHAP. II. The Text resolved into his parts the first
whereof are the parties between whom this Covenant was made NOw I come to the Text it self the contents whereof as you see is an Oath wherein we are to consider both the parties between whom it was made and also the tenor of the Oath it self The parties as well him that sweareth viz. The Lord God of Israel as he to whom the Oath was made viz. Abraham our Father Concerning the tenor we are to know That whereas some Oaths are assertory wherein some truth is avouched others promissory wherein some promise is made this is of the latter sort containing the promise of a gift for so he saith That he would give us This gifs is twofold viz. Redemption in those words That we should be delivered from the hand of our enemies and the fruit and end of our Redemption which is the true worship of God in those words That we should worship him c. which worship of God is set forth both by the parts and properties thereof The parts are two Holiness and Righteousness for by Holiness we are to understand the duties of the first Table which we owe unto God and by Righteousnesse the duties of the second Table which we owe unto man The properties are three The first respecting our enemies from whom wee are deliveâ—ed in the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 without fear of them the second respecting God in the words before him the third respecting the continuance all the dayes of our life The first of these is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or spirituall security the second is uprightnesse and sincerity the third is constancie or perseverance Of these in order Concerning the party which did swear we are to consider these three things 1. By whom hee sware 2. How or after what manner 3. To what end For the first it is the manner of men in their oathes to swear by a greater But the Lord when he made this Covenant with Abraham because he could not swear by a greater he sware by himself Heb. 6. 13. By my self have I sworn saith the Lord c. Gen. 22. 16. Concerning the manner we may gather by that which the Lord requireth in our oathes what he performed in his own Ier. 4. 2. There are three properties required in an Oath Truth Iudgement and Righteousnes Truth opposed to falshood oâ— perjury Iudgement to rash and common swearing Righteousnesse to unjust and unlawful oaths For the first that the Lord did swear in Truth it is most certain because it is impossible that the Lord in his promise and in his oath should lye Hebr. 6. 18. and therefore we may be assured of that wherewith Micah concludeth his prophecy Mic. 7. 20. that the Lord will undoubtedly performe his mercy which by oath he promised to Abraham From whence we may learn this most profitable instruction That seeing the oath of the Lord whereby he promiseth to give to all them that are delivered from the hand of their spirituall enemies that is to all that are redeemed by CHRIST grace to worship him in holinesse and righteousnesse is infallible we should therefore be carefull to bring forth these fruits of our redemption otherwise we can have no assurance that we are the redeemed of the LORD Yea on the contrary it may be verified of us that if we do live in sin and do not at the least desire and endevour to serve God in the duties of holinesse and righteousnesse it is as certain as the Oath of God is true that as yet we have no part in the redemption wrought by CHRIST And the reason hereof is evident for to be a servant of sinne and to be redeemed from the bondage of sinne are things repugnant and imply a contradiction For whom Christ the Sonne of God maketh free they are free indeed Joh. 8. 36. but he that is a servant of sin is not freed indeed Now every one that committeth sin as habituated in sin that is in whom sin raigneth he is the servant both of sin Ioh. 8. 34. and of Satan 1 Ioh. 3. 8. Secondly in Iudgment a man is said to swear in judgment when he sweareth advisedly upon just and necessary occasion for Oaths are then only good when they are necessary This necessity of the Lords Oath ariseth from our weakness and infidelity who will not beleeve the Lord without an Oath and therefore the Lord in great mercy to relieve our infirmities hath confirmed his Promise which in it self needeth no confirmation as being truth it self 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. 6. 16. more abundantly then otherwise needed by Oath which as it argueth our great corruption so it ought to be a remedy for the same It is great infidelity not to beleeve the Word and Promise of God but greater not to beleeve his Oath In not beleeving his Promise thou makest him a lyar 1 Iohn 5. 10. In denying credit to his Oath dost thou make him any better then a perjured person And yet this is the estate and condition of many professing the Name of Christ. God hath swoâ—n and will not repent That to those whom he Redeemeth grace shall be given to worship him in holiness and righteousness These men do not so much as desire care or endeavor to worship God in holiness and righteousness but live in sin and go on in sin without repentance and yet for all this they will needs perswade themselves that they are the Redeemed of the Lord contrary to the express Oath of God Thirdly in Righteousness men are said to swear in righteousness when that which they promise by Oath is lawful and good and this goodness is measured by the reference which it hath to the glory of God and good of man Neither doth the Lords Oath want this property for what could be either more glorious to himself or more profitable unto us then that which by this Oath is promised For as touching the glory of God among all the works which God ever wrought there is not any that setteth forth more the glory both of his Mercy and of his Justice then the work of our Redemption with the fruits thereof For hereby appeareth his mercy to be such as that rather then he would suffer us most miserable sinners to perish in our sins he gave his own and his only begotten Son to die for us His justice such that rather then he would suffer the sins of his own elect children to go unpunished he hath punished them in the death and sufferings of his only begotten Son And if you consider our profit it is evident that as hereafter you shal hear in the things promised by this Oath our happiness doth consist Neither doubt I to affirm that by the things promised in this Oath our estate becometh better then that which we lost in Adam Adam though he were just stood righteous before God but in his own righteousness but we being redeemed by Christ stand righteous before God in the righteousness of Christ which far
but such as repent of their sinnes and make conscience of their wayes This learned man therefore should have distinguished betweenâ— the merâ—t of redemption and actuall redemption even as well as between the merit of Salvation and the actuall possession thereof Christ merited our redemption and Salvation long since yea his merit thereof hath ever been in force since the beginning of the world Apoc. 13. 8. but yet none are actually made partakers of redemption but such as to whom it is appyed that is to those that truely believe for they only receive it and to them onely according to the Covenant of grace it was intended Otherwise he might say that all the elect are actually saved for whom Christ purchased eternall life who notwithstanding are not saved so much as in hope untill they do truely believe And if all the elect be actually justified before God because Christ did merit their justification why doth he not say in like manner that all the elect are actually sanctifyed seeing Christ was made unto us of GOD not onely righteousnesse 1 Cor. 1. 30. and redemption but also sanctifycation and hath as well merited our sanctification for us as our justification Againe what benefits we obtaine by Christ we receive them by Faith and therefore in the Scriptures the same benefits which we receive from Christ are ascribed to Faith by which Christ and his merits are ours by which also Christ dwelleth in us Eph. 3 17. we live by Christ we live by Faith Gal 2. 20. by Christ we have remission of sinnes by Faith we obtaine remission Act. 10. 43. 26. 18. we are justified by Christ we are justified by Faith Rom. 3. 28. By Christ we are made the sonnes of God by faith we are made the sonnes of GOD Joh. 1. 12. and so in the rest and therefore to imagine that we are justified before GOD without Faith is a dreame Moreover this assertion cannot stand with the perpetuall Doctrine of the Apostle Paul who teacheth that we are justified before GOD by Faith therefore not before nor without Faith By faith saith he without workes that is by the righteousnesse of Christ apprended by Faith and not by inherent righteousnesse Neither doth he in those places speak of justification in the Court of Conscience whereby we are assured of our justification for as before men we are justified Jam. 2. â—4 that is declared and known to be just by good workes so much more by our good workes by which we are to make our election 2 Pet 1. 10. our calling our justification sure we are justified in our own Conscience that is assured of our justification And to conclude this assertion is such a 〈…〉 Protestant nor Papist did ever hold that a man who is come to yeeres is actually justified before GOD before and without faith The fifth erâ—our that Faith is not the mother grace 5. The fifth that faith is not the root nor the mother of other graces and that the soule is not disposed to believe sooner then to love GOD or our neighbour or to produce the act of any other grace But this I have sufficiently disproved in the discourse shewing evidently that as without faith there can be no other grace so not onely from it all other graces do spring but also according to the measure and degree of it is the measure and degree of all other graces We are not disposed to love GOD as we ought untill we be by faith perswaded of GODS love towards us we cannot hope for the performance of Gods promises to us unlesse by faith we are perswaded that they belong unto us we cannot trust in GOD nor rejoyce in him unlesse by faith we are perswaded of his goodnesse and bounty towards us and so â—n the rest and what is more plaine then that love which is the fulfilling in the whole law proceedeth from Faith unfained as being the fruit thereof 1 Tim 1. 5. Chrysostome and Theophilact call faith 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 seil 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the mother and fountaine of all graces and Calvin Justit l. 3. c. 2. sect 41. sect 42. c. 3. sect 1. sola est fic'es quae in nobis charitatem primum generat it is faith only which first ingendereth charity in us it begetteth also hope and newnesse of life as he saith But to omit other testimonies St. Peter seemeth to acknowledge this truth 2 Pet. 1. 2 3. where he prayeth for them to whom he wâ—iteth that grace and peace be multiplyed unto them by the knowledge of God and Jesus our Lord according as his divine power hath given unto us all things that pertaine to life and godlinesse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the acknowledgement of him that hath called us c. that is by faith The sixt error that Faith is assiance 6. The sixt that faith is assiance and so to be defined and that trusting to the promise is the proper act of faith as it justifieth c. But I have proved that faith is not affiance nor affiance faith But a fruitâ— of faith as well as hope and that by faith we have affiance Eph. 3. 12. whereunto I adde that the trust in GODS promises to be in particular performed to us is not faith but â—ope Yea but promises faith he are both true and good therefore our assent to them is with adherence affiance and trust Answ. The promises are true the things promised are good we believe the promise we hope for the thing promised As contrarywise Gods threatnings are also true and the things threatned evill as therefore he that believeth the threatning to be true feareth if it be applyable to himselfe the thing threatned and yet this feare is not of the nature of faith but a fruit and consequent thereof so he that believeth a promise to be true and can apply it to himself trusteth hopeth for the thing promised which trust in respect of the promise is no more of the nature of faith then feare in respect of the threatning But that affiance is of the essence of justifying faith he will make good by divers reasons first from the phrases of believing Iohn 1. 12. Rom. 10. 1â— â—s Rom 4. 5. Act. 16. 31. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Eph 1. 12. 〈◊〉 that is in or upon which imply affiance A. That as I said in the discourse affiance is such an unseperable fruite of faith that sometimes it is implyed in the phrase of bliâ—ving in Christ. For that phrase may and sometimes doth imply three acts the first of assent that he is the Saviâ—â—r of all that believe in him which ass 〈◊〉 it be lively and effectuall is the proper act of that faith whereby we are justified before God and in this sense the phrase of beliâ—ving in him is ordinarily used in the Scriptures yea sometimes it is attributed to those who have assented onely by a bare historicall and temporary Faith which is the Faith of hypocrites and all