belief may not rest upon the bare opinions of men but upon the mouth of the Lord. That you may be able to say not only I acknowledg these doctrines to be divine and practise this and the other duty because men have perswaded me But because I find them contained in the Law of the Lord and that they are agreeable to his mind and will and that herein by the ministry I have been instructed in that which God himself hath revealed and prescribed who is a God of truth and faithfulness upon whose living word I bottome my trust and confidence Thus did the noble Beraeans and therefore many of them were converted and savingly wrought upon They did not take matters upon trust no not from Paul and Silas but they would see whether they taught them faithfully what they received from above And mark the note of excellency or asterisk that is set by the Holy Ghost upon their heads and the blessed issue of their enquiry Acts 17.11 12. These were more noble than those in Thessalonica in that they received the word with all readiness of mind and searched the scriptures daily whether those things were so Therefore many of them believed Do not think it enough to receive information of truth but examine whether they are indeed of heavenly extraction Search the Scriptures Jo. 5.39 They are appointed of God to be the sure doctrinal foundation whereupon our faith is to be bottomed Eph. 2.20 Ye are built upon the foundation of the Apostles and Prophets Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone That I may awaken you to heedfulness in this regard let me beseech you to study throughly these three following considerations 1. If your faith be not bottomed upon a divine testimony even upon the word of the Lord it can amount no higher than an humane faith It cannot be a divine faith which receives mattes wholly upon trust from the dictates of men For Sirs the nature of faith is not diversified by the quality of the principles and truths that are believed but by the grounds whereupon and the reasons why they are believed Then is it an humane faith when built upon humane testimony and then is it divine faith when the testimony is divine whereupon credence is given Else a man may receive spiritual and supernatural truths divine doctrines by a meer common faith an humane faith when he taketh them wholly upon trust from the credit of men If you would see the difference betwixt these two that text is full by way of illustration Jo. 4.39 40 41 42. And many of the Samaritans of that City believed on him for the saying of the woman which testified he told me all that ever I did And many moe believed because of his own word And said unto the woman Now we believe not because of thy saying for we have heard him our selves and know that this is indeed the Christ the Saviour of the world See also 1 Thes 2.13 2. If you do not search into the word and bottome your belief thereon you can never be stedfast and setled in the wayes of the Lord nor in any of the truths of religion You will be still in a wavering inconstant condition and in danger to be turned aside from the faith And the reason is apparent because the dictates of men are variable and inconstant One man may press upon you this as a point to be believed and another may possibly instruct you in the contrary as a truth Nay the same persons at different seasons may vent doctrines of a different nature To be laid in the ballance they are altogether lighter than vanity And therefore if you build your faith upon their opinions you must of necessity be left at great uncertainties But the word of the Lord is fixt and permanent alwayes consonant and agreeable unto it self There you may rest as upon a rock that can never be moved For every word of God is pure Prov. 30.5 The words of the Lord are pure words as silver tried in a furnace of earth purified seven times Psal 12.6 Men are subject to mistakes and errours but the word of the Lord will never deceive you that cannot be mistaken 3. Unless you try doctrines by the rule of the scriptures and bottom your faith upon the word of the Lord you do not give glory to God in believing Unless you take it upon his word and receive it as proceeding out of his mouth you do not give unto God the honour of believing the truth If you receive the matters of religion only upon the dictates of men you rob God of his glory and give it unto them For this is a special part of our worship of God and one of the peculiar prerogatives which he doth challeng unto himself that we give up our judgments absolutely unto his guidance and yield perfect credence unto his word Jo. 4.20.21 Our father 's worshipped in this mountain and ye say that Jerusalem is the place where men ought to worship Jesus saith unto her Woman believe me c. q. d. You are apt to pin your faith upon the sleeves of your fathers whereas this is one of the glorious Royaltie * Magnus Dei cultus fides Magna in Deum blasphemia incredulitas which appertain unto me who am the Christ to have the absolute command of your faith you must try the doctrines and practises of your fathers and all the opinions of men are to be estimated according to their consonancy unto my word As in performance of duty we should be careful to give unto God the glory of his Sovereign authority which is when we do the work of the Lord because it is commanded to be done by him So in our assent to the truths of the Gospel we should give unto God the glory of his truth and faithfulness which is when we believe what is spoken of the Lord because we know the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it It is said of Abraham Rom. 4.20 He staggered not at the promise through unbelief but was strong in faith giving glory to God Why Sirs this is the way to give glory to God when we set to our seals to the doctrines of godliness because they proceed from the God of heaven believing the things which are written by the Prophets and Apostles those faithful Amanuenses of the Spirit of God who spake as they were moved by the holy Ghost 2. Take heed of being corrupted by the example of the multitude in respect of the matter and substance of Religion wherein it is placed and whereunto they confine it For commonly people are wont to be too narrow and short upon this account Q. Wherein do the multitude for the most part place their Religion Ans I shall instance only in sive things 1. The generality of people place the whole of their Religion In the reforming and ordering their lives and actions But they seldom or never think of the necessity of sanctifying their
were the fathers or Ring-leaders of their Sect. But Sirs all sincere Christians are of one society and have but one master even Christ His sheep hear his voice and follow him for they know his voice But a stranger they will not follow but will flee from him for they know not the voice of strangers Joh. 10.4 5. So much for the fourth case that requireth such abundant circumspection that we be not insnared by the example of the multitude 5. The fifth is In case of men of excellent parts and learning and knowledge above others When many of that rank such as are accounted wise understanding judicious persons shall act sanfully and turn aside into crooked wayes then the common sort of people think they may warrantably tread in the same path when they have men of renown for knowledge to go before them Surely will they argue If there were any hurt in such things so many learned Doctors would not approve of them Shall we be so highly conceited of our selves as to think we are wiser than such great Scholars and Teachers of the word of God Herein seemeth to lie the force of the argument that was brought against the officers who durst not lay hands upon Christ because they took him for a Prophet for that never man spake like him Jo. 7.47 48 49. Then answered them the Pharisees are ye also deceived Have any of the Rulers or of the Pharisees believed on him But this people that knoweth not the law are cursed As if they had said do but observe Christs followers and you shall find that generally they are but a company of poor ignorant and illiterate people you have hardly one learned man amongst them that owneth him Do you think that if he were indeed the Messiah the Pharisees would oppose him who are men well skilled in the Law Would not the Rulers close with him will you be so proud and arrogant as to prefer your judgment before theirs To quicken you a little to be cautious in this respect there are four things worthy to be considered in this behalf 1. That the promises for discovering the will and mind of the Lord in reference to matters of everlasting concernment are not made to men of great parts and learning but to such as serve the Lord in simplicity and integrity of heart When a person is truly desirous to fear the name of God and maketh it his study and principal design to commend his conscience in his sight such a one though he be but of meaner parts and accomplishments is in a greater likelihood to be clearly instructed in the things concerning the kingdom of heaven * Nisi fidelium operum usus praecesserit doctrinae cognitio non apprehendetur Hil. in Ps 118. then the greatest scholars that are strangers to the sanctifying grace of the spirit Psal 25.12 What man is he that feareth the Lord Him he will teach in the way that he shall chuse And v. 14. The secret of the Lord is with them that fear him and he will shew them his covenant Mark it Sirs it is not much learning in the head but godly sincerity and the fear of the Lord in the heart that doth entitle us to these promises of divine teaching So that this is a poor argument of the goodness or justifiableness of any way because many great scholars and wise men walk in it Besides the Holy Ghost is express in this point that most wise men after the slesh are strangers unto the power of godliness and enemies to the way of salvation 1 Cor. 1.26 27. For you see your calling brethren how that not many wise men after the flesh not many mighty not many noble are called But God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things that are mighty Some there are of all sorts that are gathered into the kingdom of Christ for it is not the condition or state of life but the constitution or frame of the heart which is the hindrance unto salvation But there are not many of this sort namely of them that are learned and wise after the flesh The greatest number of such are usually adversaries to the truth See the words of our Saviour in his thanksgiving unto God Mat. 11.25 At that time Jesus answered and said I thank thee O Father Lord of heaven and earth because thou hast hid these things from the wise and prudent and hast revealed them unto babes 2. Are they men of wisdom and understanding whose examples are pleaded in opposition to the commands of Jesus Christ But how shall it be known whether they are wise indeed All is not gold we say that makes a glittering shew so All is not true wisdom that carrieth the face of it and hath that name and title given to it They alone are truly wise who keep exactly close to the word of God and that dare not venture to do what is displeasing in his sight Whatsoever hath a tendency to carry a man in opposition to the word or to cause him to reject the law of the Lord of hosts is but the appearance and shew of wisdom it is indeed the greatest madness and folly There are two places of divine writ for the confirmation of this point worthy to be wrote on the tables of mens hearts as in letters of Gold and as with the pen of a Diamond that they may never be obliterated The first is that Deut. 4.5 6. Behold I have taught you statutes and judgments even as the Lord my God commanded me that ye should do so in the Land whither ye go to possesse it Keep therefore and do them for this is your wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the nations which shall hear all these statutes and say Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people By contempt of the word of Christ we provoke to indignation the God of infinite power against whom never man hardened himself and prospered And is it not perfect madness to ingage him to be our adversary It is a point of the highest wisdom to keep in with the most high and to get an interest in his favour Obedience to the statutes of God hath the promise of a blessing annexed to it and the contrary is attended with a curse that will secretly insinuate it self into all a mans enjoyments and eat out the comfort of them It is by the word of Christ you must be judged hereafter and sentenced to receive your everlasting portion And therefore it must needs be an act of the highest wisdom not to despise the word nor to set up the dictates of men above the word The other text you have Jer. 8.9 The wise men are ashamed they are dismayed and taken Lo they have rejected the word of the Lord and what wisdom is in them 3. God doth many times leave many learned and wise men unto
themselves to fall into errours and corruptions to this very purpose that others may be tried by them whether they will follow their opinion and judgment or stick fast to Gods testimonies Dan. 11.35 And some of them of understanding shall fall to try by them We read it to trie them But the words are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ad probandum per illos to prove others by their example They shall therefore be suffered to fall into many sins and corruptions for of that sort of falling it may well be understood that it may be seen who will cleave unto the word of God rather than to the opinions of learned men 4. Whereas they were wont to be charged as proud arrogant and self-conceited persons that will not in all things subscribe to the judgments of learned men but scruple such things as many understanding judicious persons make no bones of You must remember as to this that it is rather an act of the greatest pride and arrogancy in the most learned men to set up their dictates in opposition to the commands of Jesus Christ All that are truly humble will stoop to his precepts and subject themselves to his guidance and governance 1 Tim. 6.3 4. If any man teach otherwise and consent not to wholsom words even the words of our Lord Jesus Christ and to the doctrine which is according to godliness He is proud knowing nothing Neh. 9.29 Thou testifiedst against them that thou mightest bring them again unto thy law yet they dealt proudly and hearkned not unto thy commandments Mark it here are the proud and arrogant persons that think themselves wiser than God and will not submit to his instructions and counsels This is pride indeed and monstrous self-conceitedness And therefore let me close this head with the advice of Solomon Prov. 3.5 6. Trust in the Lord with all thine heart and lean not to thine own understanding In all thy wayes acknowledg him and he shall direct thy paths 6. The last case I shall mention wherein especial care is to be taken lest we be insnared by the example of the multitude is in case of the Inhabitants of the places where we live and amongst whom we dwell and that I may comprize them together in case of the persons with whom much of our business lieth in matters of the world and with whom we often converse in our secular negotiations and affairs I joyn them together because there is a neer cognation and similitude betwixt them and the temptation works in both upon the same ground and motive People are willing to doe as their neighbours do and to take the same course as their ordinary companions take and men of the same rank and outward condition with them Will the tradesman be apt to plead other men of my profession commonly sit and tipple at the alehouse and tavern and they say they cannot make a good bargain without it or they should lose their custom except they humour their enstomers in their lusts And why may not I do the same Others say they cannot live if they should speak the truth in their markets and not take the liberty to dissemble or lye as to the price of their commodities and why should I be more strict than they Will the gentleman argue other men of my rank and estate spend their time in hawking and hunting and carding and gaming and revelling they never think of a calling or how to be serviceable to God in their generations and why may not I take the same liberty Most in the town and parish neglect studying the word and never pray in their families nor instruct their children and servants and what reason is there that we should be more precise than all the neighbour hood besides As persons love to be in the common fashion as to their garb and habit So in respect of their moral actions and behaviour So much is clearly implyed in the words of Joshua cap. 24.15 If it seem evil to you to serve the Lord chuse you this day whom you will serve either the gods which your fathers served that were on the other side of the floud or the gods of the Amorites in whose land ye dwell He knew that men are inclined to be of the same religion with the people of the place where they dwell and to conform to the inhabitants of the neighbourhood that are round about them And therefore the Lord doth warn his people to take heed of the sins of the Canaanites when they should come to dwell in the land of Canaan Deut. 6.10 11 14. And it shall be when the Lord thy God shall have brought thee into the land which he sware unto thy fathers c. Then beware lest thou forget the Lord which brought thee forth out of the land of Egypt from the house of bondage And v. 14. Ye shall not go after other gods of the gods of the people which are round about you q. d. You have heard already of their abominations and perhaps think you abhor them but the danger will be when you come into their land and to have your habitations amongst them then you will be apt to do after their customes Now to fence you against the prevalence of this temptation let me beseech you to lay to heart this one particular That by casting our lot amongst evil neighbours and in the midst of a wicked people God doth trie us whether our hearts are sound in his statutes or not and whether we will deal faithfully or falsly in his covenant And will not you be careful to be found upright when you are upon the trial If a master should leave a sum of money scattered up and down in a room as if it were neglected and the servant knoweth that it is but purposely to trie his honesty and that his master hath told it exactly and knoweth if any be missing only he taketh this way to trie his truth and fidelity Would not the servant be very careful and wary in such a case when he knoweth he stands upon his trial Why man thus it is in this matter Is thine habitation fixed amongst workers of iniquity Doth much of thy business lye with those that are profane and ungodly Why now thou standest upon thy trial and God doth order it to be so to this very end that he may trie thy truth and fidelity and the honesty of thy heart whether thou wilt follow his word or their examples That 's a notable text to this purpose Judg. 3.1 4. Now these are the Nations which the Lord left to prove Israel by them And v. 4. And they were to prove Israel by them to know whether they would hearken to the commandments of the Lord which he commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses God could have drove out all the idolatrous Nations together and have utterly rooted them up at first before the face of his people But he left some to be dispersed amongst them To what
God here Let us not fall out by the way for we are brethren 5. As to all other matters that are more abstruse and difficult and where in there is a great deal of variety in the interpretation of the Scripture even amongst sober Christians themselves In such cases unity and concord must be built upon the foundation of forbearance and mutual tenderness of believers one towards another If in order to peace and union in the Church the judgment of some that are in power be set up as the Standard unto which the consciences of the rest in the minutest affairs are to be reduced if peace and unity I say depend upon these ticklish terms it is likely never to be attained whilst the world endures As soon may you cut all men to the same stature as bring their judgments in all things to the same size But if we would follow after the things that make for peace and unity let us with all lowliness and meekness with long-suffering forbear one another in love Eph. 4.2 3. Shall not Christians forbear where the God of heaven is pleased to forbear Sould not we deal tenderly with such and give them the right hand of fellowship whom God doth tender as the apple of his eye Rom. 14.3 That is an excellent Rubrick for direction in the Saints Liturgy Philip. 3.15 16. Let us therefore as many as are perfect be thus minded And if in any thing ye be otherwise minded God shall reveal even this unto you Nevertheless whereto we have already attained let us walk by the same rule let us mind the same thing So much for the first use of the point by way of information SECT VII 2. For Exhortation IF God hath given us strict charg that we do not comply with a multitude in doing of evil let us then seriously ponder and weigh this lesson in our thoughts and endeavour to practise it in all the particulars of our conversations Take heed lest Satan pravail upon you through this wile and artifice of perswading you to that which is sinful because a multitude embrace it Take the example of Noah for imitation herein Gen. 6.9 Noah was a just man and perfect in his generations and Noah walked with God Mark it the generation wherein he lived was excessively corrupt and sinful it was egregiously profane and debauched wickedness as a deluge forerunner of the other had overspread the whole face of the earth And yet Noch was upright and kept close to the Lord thereby condemning the world of the ungodly Take the instance of Obadiah who dwelt in Ahabs family a man that sold himself to wickedness in the sight of the Lord that there was none like unto him He lived in dayes of such general Apostacy and Idolatry that Elijah thought there had been none left but himself who had any zeal for Jehovah and had not dealt falsely in his covenant And yet in such place and time Obadiah feared the Lord greatly 1 Kings 18.3 See the carriage of the Christians at Pergamus for incouragement herein They dwelt where the Devil had his seat where he was set upon the throne and had many servants and followers And yet they departed not from God they would not say a confederacy with them in sin They held fast the name of Christ and did not deny the faith though in dayes when persecution raged and reached unto the death Rev. 2.13 Hath God cast your lot in a wicked family amongst carnal relations in times of general atheism corruption and debauchery Labour as Obadiah to fear the Lord greatly do they entice thee to sin Walk not thou in the way with them refrain thy foot from their path Prov. 1.15 Do they violently and furiously rebel against the Lord and make a scoffe of godliness and oppose the professours of it Do you study to serve him the more eminently and to walk with God as Noah the more closely and strictly Let no man deceive you with vain words Let not their enticements prevail with you let not their presumptions embolden you to fin with them let not their reproaches cause you to desist from your course For because of these things cometh the wrath of God upon the children of disobedience Be not ye therefore partakers with them Eph. 5.6 7. So keep your selves free from any sinful correspondency with the ungodly be they never so many that you may be blameless and harmless the sons of God without rebuke in the midst of a crooked and perverse nation among whom ye shine as lights in the world Holding forth the word of life Philip. 2.15 16. In managing this use of exhortation I shall speak something to you under these four heads 1. By way of particular exemplification or instance Wherein you should beware that you do not follow the multitude 2. By way of special direction what course you ought to take that ye be not intangled with their example 3. By way of motive or provocative to quicken you to a closure with that course and a diligent observing this counsel 4. By way of Retortion I shall shew you what use you should make of the example multitude seing you must not joyn in combination with them 1. By way of particular exemplification and instance Wherein we should beware that we be not led into sin by the example of the multitude For the better digesting whereof and that the truths I shall deliver may be more easily imprinted upon and firmly reteined in your thoughts and memories I will cast them into five rankes 1. The Ground of religion whereon it is bottomed 2. The matter of religion wherein it is placed 3. The method and order wherein it is prosecuted 4. The time and season when it is minded 5. Sundry particular duties wherein the multitude are prone to miscarry 1. As to the ground of religion whereon it is bottomed The generality of people are wont to take up the principles and mysteries of godliness wholly upon trust They build their faith upon the dictates and opinions of men they believe that Christ is the Saviour and accordingly call themselves his servants they acknowledg such and such ordinances ought to be attended upon and accordingly lend their bodily presence at them and the like But if you enquire into the ground and reason why they believe and embrace this way of religion and worship all they can truly say is because the Minister tells them it is so or their parents bred them up in this way They hold these things for truths for they are points which they have held ever since they can remember they were of this religion from their very childhood and infancy and were brought up in these performances But do you my brethren build your faith upon the infallible word of the Lord and get an insight into the everlasting gospel Search the scriptures daily and diligently and make use of the ministry of men to help you to get knowledg of the scriptures that your
of the way that they may give themselves up freely to lasciviousness to commit iniquity with greediness It is the very principle which S. Paul mentioneth to be in the hearts of the impenitent and which he rebukes with such vehemency and holy indignation Rom. 9.18 19. He hath mercy on whom he will have mercy and whom he will he hardeneth Thou wilt say then unto me why doth he yet find fault for who hath resisted his will As if they should say our salvation we see depends wholly on the will and pleasure of God If he hath decreed to bring us to heaven we shall get thither however we demean our selves and if God hath decreed us to condemnation we shall be condemned whatever pains we take to walk in the strict wayes of religion For his will is arbitrary and unchangeable such as cannot be resisted My brethren these corrupt reasonings must be silenced else they will cut the sinews of all vigorous indeavours to please the Lord and to be found faithful unto him The doctrine of Gods Prescience and Decrees is no countenancer of slothfulness no enemy to godliness but a promoter thereof if rightly weighed and considered It mightily tends to the advancement of the Grace of God 2 Tim 1.9 To empty a man of himself and to stop the mouth of all proud carnal gloriation and boasting 1 Cor. 4.7 To quicken and provoke us to diligence and exactness in the works of piety that thereby it may appear that we are a chosen people whom God hath called according to his purpose 1 Thes 1.4 5 6 7. And therefore to stop the mouth of those sin-advancing and soul-ruining reasonings and to set your spirits right in this particular Let these four contrary principles be well setled and fastened in your souls 1. Whom God hath appointed to salvation as the end he hath appointed to regeneration and universal obedience in the life as the means leading to that end Whom he hath predestinated to partake of the kingdom of Heaven by vertue of the Merits of the death of Jesus Christ he hath predestinated to be conformed to the image of his Son Rom. 8.29 These things are so inseparably connected together in Gods decree that they cannot possibly be parted God hath not determined to conduct such or such to eternal life though they live in a course of sin and lie polluted in their bloud If any plead form such apprehensions let them know that this is not the scripture doctrine of Gods decrees but a wicked slur and aspersion whereby the adversaries of free grace indeavour to bring up an evil report upon the truth The scripture doctrine is this That whom God purposeth to save from the wrath to come he doth purpose to sanctifie and cleanse from all their filthiness and to guide them by his spirit in the way of holiness What can be more plain if ungodly men had not a mind wilfully to pervert the words of the Holy Ghost and to wrest the Scriptures to their own destruction 2 Thes 2.13 14. God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation through sanctification of the spirit and belief of the truth Whereunto he hath called you by our Gospel to the obtaining of the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ Therefore brethren stand fast and hold the traditions which ye have been taught whether by word or our epistle 1 Pet. 1.3 Elect according to the fore-knowledg of God the Father through sanctification of the spirit unto obedience and sprinkling of the bloud of Jesus Christ Rom. 8.30 Mereover whom he did predestinate them he also called and and whom he called them he also justified and whom he justified them he also glorified Mark it where the Lord hath decreed glorification for the end he hath decreed conversion and holiness and evangelical obedience as the necessary means to lead thither And what God hath joyned together let no sinner be so â—ardy as to pluck asunder 2. The rule for guidance of our conversations at which we are to take counsel for direction in all our actions is not Gods will of purpose what he hath determined to do But his will of precept what he hath appointed in his laws and statutes to be done by us Our work lieth in the diligent observation of his commandments His counsels are secrets reserved in his own breast and bosom till by the uprightness of our hearts and the integrity of our lives we make it appear that we are chosen of God A man may have an hand in bringing about much of the purpose of the Lord and yet be a wicked rebel in so doing Act. 2.23 So that I say our business consisteth in hearkening to his law and conforming our selves to the dictates and injunctions of the same Deut. 29.29 The secret things belong unto the Lord our God But those things which are revealed belong unto us and to our children for ever that we may do all the words of this law 3. Settle this as a principle in your hearts That it is a point of egregious folly and sottishness to be more earnest and heedful in the preserving our bodies than in the saving our souls and to venture our precious and immortal souls and the affairs of the world to come in such a bottom wherein we will not venture to put our selves as to the transitory enjoyments of this world This very consideration if throughly laid to heart will sufficiently shew us the weaâ—â—â—ss and gross stupidity of the multitude in their reasonings For none of them will be perswaded thus to argue the case in respect to their bodily health and outward estate My beloved as God hath predetermined in the matters of mans salvation So he hath fore ordained all things that come to pass There is not the smallest concernment that befalleth any of the children of men but it falleth under the compass of Gods decrees Eph. 1.11 Being predestinated according to the purpose of him who worketh all things according to the counsel of his own will Now take the profanest sinner and he will not plead after this fashion in relation to his outward man and earthly comforts When a wicked man is bound upon the bed of sickness he will not say If God hath purposed I shall have ease of my pains then I shall be sure to have it however disorderly I am If God hath decreed to recover me I shall recover though I neglect the means And if not all my care and endeavours are to no effect No but saith he send for the Physitian give me this potion which is proper to my distemper and that cordial which is of use to strengthen nature For I must use the means of health if ever I would expect the blessing of health Take an unconverted sinner in his trade and trâ—ffique he will not thus reason the case If God hath purposed that I shall be rich then I am sure it will come to pass however idle and negligent I am in my calling And
Sober Singularity OR An Antidote against Infection By the example of A MULTITUDE Being Practical Meditations On Exod. 23. vers 2. Wherein is opened the Influence of the practise of a Multitude to draw men to Sin the special cases wherein it concerns us to be most cautious Reasons why we must not follow them together with the Application of the whole And therein Besides the General improvement of the point an Instance given of Nineteen practises of the Multitude to be avoided Seven of their Grand Principles to be rejected Sundry Particulars concerning Peace and Unity and the Sanctification of the Lords day useful for these times By R. Stedman M. A. 1 Tim. 5.22 Be not Partaker of other mens sins Keep thy self pure Defensio communis furoris est furentium Multitudo M.F. Oct. LONDON Printed by for Thomas Parkurst at the Golden Bible on London-Bridg under the Gate 1668. A PREFACE To the READER AS the just measure of the truth of all Theological Assertions is to be taken from their consonancy to the word of God So the usefulness and profit of any undertaking of that nature is to be estimated by the seasonableness and subserviency thereof to the grand Designes of the Gospel In both which respects the following Treatise however attended with many imperfections may for the substance and scope of it make Appeal to the judgments of such as are really touched with the concernes of Religion and have their senses exercised to discern wherein it 's interest lieth and how the progress of it is retarded The great Intendments of the Gospel to the propagation and furtherance whereof all particular attempts should be subordinated are mostly reducible to three heads The illustration and magnifying of the Grace of God in the salvation of lost sinners The Exaltation and advancement of our Lord Jesus Christ the only Mediatour of the Covenant of Grace The vindication and promoting of real holiness and purity amongst the children of men And the drift and purport of the Tract ensuing more directly relates to the last of these To minister help in the following after Godliness and to remove out of the way the main impediments that hinder from an hearty closure therewith It is a point as clear as the Noon-day and cannot be denyed by such as own the Scriptures that a vigorous and cordial prosecution of holiness in the greatest strictness and heighth of it is of indispenseable necessity to the Beatifical vision and enjoyment of God Without which all professions of faith and love to God are but empty names and counterfeits indeed a meer mockery of the most High How shall any be induced to believe that a man doth unfeignedly embrace and love the principles by which he refuseth to steer his course Or that such divine truths have a real seat in his affections which are openly disavowed and contradicted in his conversation He that will give a solid testimony of his sincere respects to the doctrine of Christianity must do it by a demeanour answerable thereunto It is by upright and humble walking as in the sight of God that Religion must be adorned that it may attract the hearts of them that are without Hereby our profession must be justified both in the sight of men and to the approbation of our own consciences And in this way alone we can comfortably expect to be conducted with safety to the Kingdom of Heaven When the nature and excellency of holiness and the fear of the Lord are considered separately in themselves without reflection upon the quality of the persons pressed thereunto it may seem a needless task to spend much time or many words in defence of it Who would not fear thee O King of nations for unto thee it doth appertain Jer. 10.7 Who that has any spark of sound wisdom would not be found faithful in the covenant of God Who that hath an insight into the beauty of holiness would not admire and fall in love with it But such is the enmity radicated in mens hearts against the Lord and their perverse disputings against the purity of the wayes of God and their addictedness to conform unto this world that it is rather a wonder of free grace that any persons are prevailed upon to close effectually with the power of Godliness than that it should be confined within so narrow a compass as the experience of all ages too abundantly manifesteth it to be Besides it is a matter of no difficult observation to a thoughtful Christian who hath his eyes open and is in the least degree akin to the children of Issachar that had understanding of the times what have been the crafty machinations and methods of the Devil and his adherents in these late dayes to bring the strictness of Religion into contempt and to make it a reproach by casting loads of accusations upon the professours thereof that so Godliness may be wounded through their loynes and the spirits of men deterred and discouraged from the sedulous pursuance of it And what if the miscarriages and extravagancies of some who seemed to be eminent for piety have ministred too much occasion to them that lye at the catch to raise an evil report and to vent their slanderous revilings against the truth Yet it must needs appear to be but a very ridiculous piece of Logick to argue from the corruption of some to the condemnation of all As if all sorts of money were to be rejected in payment because some pieces are but brass silvered over especially seeing it is none other than what the spirit of God hath plainly intimated that there will be tares mingled with the wheat untill the harvest There will be hypocrites and dissemblers in outward fellowship with the Saints even unto the end However from hence ariseth a necessity of Pleas Apologies and vindications to wipe off the slurres and calumnies which men of profligate principles and seared consciences are wont to cast on the face of religion And a like necessity of arguments and provocatives to quicken men to follow after righteousness and of answers to be returned to the carnal reasonings whereby they cavil against the truth and study to evade the convictions that are sometimes wrought upon their spirits If the Meditations here commended to thy candid and serious perusal may contribute assistance to this purpose that any of the Truths that are according to Godliness may be cleared up The prejudices and stumbling blocks removed out of the way of salvation such as are declining may be recalled and those that are sound in the faith further settled and established the Author hath attained his end and let all the glory be ascribed unto God To whom doth most deservedly appertain All honour and praise love submission and service in the Church by Christ Jesus throughout all ages world without end Amen A TABLE OF THE CONTENTS SECT I. THE Connexion and explication of the Text. Pag. 2. Doct. In order to keep close to the Commandments of God and
the ground and himself in it as he was endeavouring to quench the fire He that could not burn in the cause of God was burnt under the just judgments of God The like may befal you in the case of reproach and revilings If you cannot bear them in the way of righteousness the Lord may deliver you over into the hands of the devil and to be led by your own hearts into some desperately wicked courses that you may suffer reproach as the devils Martyrs and such reproach as may stick by you for ever And this is none other than what God hath threatened upon such as despise commandments * See this expressly denounced against Zedekiah He was afraid of being mockt if he kept the word of the Lord and by his disobedience he should be made a Taunt and a by-word So that the evil he feared came upon him Jer. 38.19 20 21 22 23. that he will make them a reproach either by the execution of temporal or spiritual judgments Ezek. 5.14 15. Moreover I will make thee waste and a reproach among the Nations that are round about thee in the sight of all that pass by Jer. 23.40 And I will bring an everlasting reproach upon you and a perpetual shame which shall not be forgotten See also Jer. 29.18 19. So much for the fifth way how this temptation prevaileth 6. Sinners are soon perswaded to go down the stream with a multitude in sin Because otherwise they should be persecuted and opposed by them They are willing to live at ease and quiet and to sleep in a whole skin as we are wont to express it and therefore they dare not contradict the generality lest they should be set against by them and be reduced into sufferings under their hatred and malice Thus it wrought with those false teachers mentioned Gal. 6.12 As many as desire to make a fair shew in the flesh they constrain you to be circumcised only lest they should suffer persecution for the Cross of Christ Mark it The most of the Jews were eagerly set upon the retaining of circumcision and other ceremonies of the Mosaical paedagogy and they were apt to be violently bent against any that went about the abrogation of them Now these false teachers knew well enough that all such types were abolished by the death of Christ but they durst not own it still they preached up circumcision and forced it upon the practise of the converts at Galatia against the light and convictions of their own consciences What was the reason of it Why they knew that if they stiffly adhaered to the simplicity of the Gospel and waved the Mosaical ceremonies which most of the Jews were zealous for they should be persecuted by them And this was the only reason that induced them to comply with the multitude My brethren you have many that would willingly be the disciples of Christ and his followers as long as they may do it with safety without endangering their estates or lifes or their liberties by it But when they come to take up the Cross there they faulter As the rottenness and unsoundness the hypocrisie and unbelief of the heart is the fountain whence apostacy proceeds so the dayes of tribulation and distress are the time of discrimination when Apostates are wont to discover themselves They can well be contented to make a profession of godliness and to perform some of the external duties but they are not able to go through persecutions And therefore they keep all things fair with the multitude and walk in wayes of compliance with them lest if they followed truth and holiness too close at the heels it should strike out their teeth lest if they withdrew from the multitude they should be hated and persecuted by them For pray Sirs what 's the reason why the world hates and sets against the people of God Why It is for this very thing because they walk in a way by themselves and will not do as the rest of their neighbours do they separate themselves from the generality in their practise and walk more strictly and precisely and dare not allow themselves in such licentious courses wherein others live and so their lives are a practical condemnation of the others and as a corrosive to their consciences Joh. 15.19 If ye were of the world the world would love his own But because you are not of the world but I have chosen you out of the world therefore the world hateth you Mark it If believers were of confederacy with the wicked if they could drink and revel and be vain and wanton as others are and did not take a different course by themselves they should be cherished and beloved as well as others but therefore they are hated and persecuted because they are a select company and have a peculiar way by themselves And to escape this hatred and persecution people are apt to joyn with the world and to walk according to their pattern and practise To abate the edge and take off the efficacy of this influence let me counsel you to be frequent in the meditation upon these three spiritual truths 1. That the everlasting wrath of God which is reserved as the portion of the wicked hereafter is an evil infinitely beyond all the tribulations and persecutions that can come upon the godly here So that if thou canst not bear some sharp afflictions for a time How wilt thou be able to lye under torments for ever If thou darest not walk in the wayes of holiness for fear of some trouble persecution from men How wilt thou stand under the wrath of God when he will glorifie his power in the destruction of his adversaries Why Sirs one of these will unavoidably befal you either you must live godly in Christ Jesus and then you will suffer persecution or else you must go down with the multitude into perdition either you must through much tribulation enter into the kingdom of heaven or everlastingly be sent into hell torments And can you dwell with everlasting burnings Are you able to stand before the devouring fire Lay these in the ballance together and see which is to be chosen Should not a man willingly undergo the greatest hardships upon earth rather than fal into the damnation of Hell See how pathetically our Saviour presseth this very point Mark 9. 43 44. If thy hand offend thee cut it off that is mortifie and keep under the most beloved corruption deny thy self in the dearest enjoyments thou hast willingly suffer and undergo the greatest troubles and the sorest distresses It is better for thee to enter into life maimed then having two hands to go into hell into the fire that shall never be quenched where their worm dieth not and the fire is not quenched 2. That even the inward peace and consolation of the spirit that is to be had in the ways of holiness is abundantly to be preferred before that outward quiet and safety which sinners promise themselves by
least disturbance or cause of distraction 1 Cor. 14.40 4. All manner of irreverent and unseemly actions must be abstained from in such places as any way reflect dishonour or contempt upon the worship of God which is there performing or hath been performed or that may render the place unmeet for religious services afterwards Not as if the building were more holy than others but because it is sinful by any means to cast disgrace upon holy duties wherein our business consisteth in attendance upon the Great King the Lord of hosts whose name is dreadful throughout the earth * See Mr. Jenkins's Farewell Sermon and who is a jealous God even a consuming fire Deut. 4.24 5. Lastly let it be observed That the opinion of the holiness of one place above another is for the most part but a fond conceit that hath obtained amongst the multitude of the most ignorant people the tincture of which conceit hath not improbably continued from the very daies of popery as their addictedness to some other fopperies hath done But it is an opinion exploded and rejected by the Protestant Churches This is conspicuously evident amongst our selves 1. By the general permission of Schoolmasters and Writing Masters to teach in such places 2. By the usual meetings there about all Parish affairs as rating assessments and giving orders for mending high-wayes and the like 3. By the publike order for private dwellings to be erected in several of such places in the great City whereby they are converted to civil uses For as for the papalizing doctrines and superstitious practises of some whereby the vulgar are hardened in their apprehensions being but the off-spring of their own brain it is equitable they be laid at no door but their own These particulars being premised let me lay down and confirm this plain position further than decency and conveniency in attendance upon the worship of God there is no manner of holinesse now in the dayes of the gospel in one place more than another nor hath one place preheminence above another This seems to be covertly intimated by our Saviour Jo. 4.21 23. Where the question was touching the place of worship whether upon mount Gerizâ—m or in Jerusalem Jesus saith unto her woman believe me the hour cometh when ye shall neither in this mountain nor yet at Jerâ—salem worship the father * Futurum tempus gratiae novi Testamenti evacuantis utrumque locum imo omnem locum praedicit Per haec duo exclusa loca neque in hoc monâ—e neque Hierosolymis ntelliguntur exclusa omnia alia loca Cajet But the houre cometh and now is when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit and truth As if our Saviour had said the time is shortly at hand the gospel state of the Church when all difference of places as to the worship of God shall cease and the main things to be lookt after therein will be whether the worship of God be spiritually performed and according to his own prescription and institution This is a lesson and Instruction hardly learnt by some who mind formes and ceremonies more than the life and fulstance of godliness and whose interest leads them to oppose such truths And therefore give me leave to hint unto you these four things 1. Thâ—t the very synagogues or places of publike assemblies amongst the Jews had nothing of holiness in them above other places only they were appointed for convenience in the serving of God They were places where their Courts of judicature met as well as their religious exercises were performed On the week daies their civil courts were convened in them and on the sabbath day their religious assemblies Some think that the Synagogues were publike places of meeting as well for civil as sacred affairs Eng. Annot. in Mat. 10.17 As if there should be a meeting of Christians in Guild-hall or in Westminster-hal where at other times the Judges sit And therefore you read of Beating in their Synagogues Act. 22.19 And punishing oft in every Synagogue Acts 26.11 And Christ tells his disciples that they should be brought unto the synagogues and unto magistrates and powers Luke 12.11 And that they should be delivered up to the synagogues and into prisons being brought before Kings and rulers for his names sake Luke 21.12 I any persons shall say that the Jews had two sorts of Synagogues one for religious and the other for civil assemblies their proof is expected Bare unscriptural assertions weigh little in the balance with understanding Christians 2. Whereas some fetch their arguments from the holiness of the Temple and tabernacle of old and apply to places now the passages that are upon record concerning the sanctuary there needs little pains to be taken to shew the weakness and invalidity of such arguments Who knoweth not that they were places designed and set apart by God himself and appointed as Symbols of his presence 2 Kings 23.27 Heb. 8.5 Who knoweth not that they were tipes and shadows of good things to come and therefore to continue till the time of reformation Christ hath put an end to these legal ceremonies He came and tabernacled †〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Jo. 1.14 amongst us He suffered death in the Temple * Joh. 2.21 22. of his body Who knoweth not that there were special promises of mercy annexed to worshiping in the temple and towards the Temple 1 Kin. 8.33 38 39. 1 King 9.3 Let any of these be shewn concerning places of worship now in the times of the gospel else the arguments run a baculo in angulum The promise of acceptance is made to the ordinances and institutions of our Lord Jesus Christ and to the persons that wait upon the Lord in those institutions without any respect to the place Where two or three are gathered together in my name there am I in the midst of them Mat. 18.20 Superstition and will-worship humane inventions and observances of our own devising are abominations in the sight of the Lord in what place soever they are practised and religious duties of Gods appointment discharged according to his revealed will are pleasing unto the Lord wheresoever they are performed God is graciously present in the place for his ordinance sake and for his peoples sake and not a whit the more amongst them for the places sake 1 Cor. 1.2 3. To them that are sanctified in Christ Jesus called to be Saints with all that in every place call upon the name of Jesus Christ our Lord both theirs and ours Grace be to you and peace from God our Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ And mark that eminent prophecy of gospel times Mal. 1.11 For from the rising of the sun even unto the going down of the same my name shall be great among the Gentiles and in every place incense shall be offered unto my name and a pure offering For my name shall be great among the heathen saith the Lord of hosts q. d. For
whence we may conclude that these words of our Saviour are meant not of the Jewish but of the Christian sabbath wherein his own people were concerned Indeed sometimes we meet in the Acts of the Apostles with mention made of the seventh day sabbath The Apostles taking the advantage of that day to preach to the Jews in their Synagogues but we never find it mentioned after that meeting at Troas Act. 20.7 So that long before the time of their flight they wholly withdrew from the Jewes and kept their assemblies separated by themselves on the Lords day 3 It was an ordinary thing with our Saviour before his death and passion to instruct his disciples in many divine truths which they did not rightly understand till after his resurrection or ascension When the Holy Ghost was sent to that end to bring his words to their remembrance and to teach them the right meaning of the same See Jo. 2.20 21 22. Jo. 12.16 Luk. 9.44 45. Luk. 24.44 45 46. Act. 11.15 16. This if well observed will take off the force of their objection who plead that Christs words must needs be meant of the Jewish Sabbath because say they his disciples undoubtedly so understood them This I acknowledg as probable that they took his speech as meant of the Jewish when yet our Saviour intended it of the Christian Sabbath It being usual with him to deliver many things unto them which they did not rightly understand till he was risen from the dead Probably this very business of the alteration of the Sabbath was one of the things which he had to say unto them but they could not then bear them Jo. 16.12 And one of those many things touching the kingdom of God which he taught them between his resurrection and ascension Acts 1.3 See the words of Bishop Andrews concerning this text in his Pattern of Catechistical doctrine upon the fourth commandment All ceremonies were ended in Christ but so was not the Sabbath for Mat. 24.20 Christ bids his disciples pray that their visitation be not on the Sabbath day So that there must needs be a Sabbath after Christs death Mr. Fennor in his treatise called the Spiritual mans Directory bringeth this in as a special argument for a Sabbath now in the dayes of the Gospel because as he expresseth it Christ speaking of those dayes when all the ceremonial law was dead and buried sheweth the Sabbath to stand still quoting for it this text Take the concurrent testimony of A. B. Usher Our Saviour Christ willing his followers that should live about 40. years after his ascension to pray that their flight might not be on the Sabbath day to the end they might not be hindred in the service of God doth thereby sufficiently declare that he held not this commandment in the account of a ceremony And lastly which may abundantly shew that it is not any novel interpretation Mr. Palmer and Mr. Cawdrey give this paraphrase upon the words As if Christ said unto his disciples the Jews have charged me as a breaker of the Sabbath but whatever disputes and reasonings you have heard betwixt me and them concerning that subject I would not have you to think that I am an enemy to the Sabbath or that I mean to put an end to that commandment For I tell you there shall still remain a Sabbath day to be observed to God for his worship In token whereof I admonish you to pray that your flight be not on that day The Second text I would touch upon is that prophecy of the Psalmist concerning the resurrection of Christ Psal 118.22 23 24. The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone of the corner This is the Lords doing it is marvellous in our eyes This is the day which the Lord hath made We will rejoyce and be glad in it From which words as I remember I have met with this close and formal argument The day wherein the stone which the builders refused became the head stone of the corner that is the day which in the times of the gospel the Lord hath made i. e. which he hath appointed and set apart solemnly to be observed in religious duties one of which special evangelical duties viz. praise and thanksgiving joy and gladness in the Lord is instanced in But the first day of the week or the day of the resurrection of Jesus Christ is that day wherein the stone which the builders refused became the head stone of the corner Therefore the first day of the week or the day of the resurrection of Jesus Christ is the day which in the times of the Gospel the Lord hath made i. e. which he hath consecrated and set apart for the solemn attendance upon religious duties The major proposition lieth fair and clear in the text And the minor is bottomed upon the Apostle Peters comment upon the text which comment he * Acts 4.10 11. made by the inspiration of the Holy Ghost who speaketh of this Scripture as meant of the day of our Saviours resurrection from the dead I leave therefore the conclusion to be considered Wherein I have learned Dr. Ames his concurrent apprehensions Neque facile rejiciendum est quod ab antiquis quibusdam urgetur pro die Dominicâ ex Psal 118.24 Haec est dies quam fecit Jehova Eo enim loco agitur de resurrectione Christi Christo ipso interprete Mat. 21.41 The last Scripture I will name on this account is that of the Apostle to the Hebrews cap. 4.9 10. There remaineth therefore the keeping of a Sabbath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 unto the people of God for he that is entered into his rest he also hath ceased from his works as God did from his own As if the Apostle had said will you fall off from attendance upon gospel ordinances and question the celebration of the Christian Sabbath that you may return to Judaism again Why let me tell you the Lords-day-sabbath which now remaineth when the other is abolished is of Gods own appointment and institution David prophecied concerning it for this is the day of rest which he spake of in the 95. Psalm And besides it is bottomed on a very equitable foundation For as when God had ended the work of creation which was peculiarly his work he ordained the seventh day Sabbath in commemoration thereof So hath Christ the mediatour finished the work of redemption and is entred into his rest as God entered into his and therefore hath appointed the Christian Sabbath for celebration of the work of mans redemption I must not dwell upon all the particulars that might be insisted for the clearing and vindication of this sense of the words from the manifold exceptions that are likely to be made against it Only let these few things be seriously weighed 1 That the Hebrews unto whom the Apostle writes this Epistle and with whom he dealeth in this place were declining apace from gospel administrations and ready to embrace again