the_o meerbark_n outside_n and_o inconsiderable_a part_n of_o the_o law_n and_o indeed_o non_fw-la sunt_fw-la jura_fw-la they_o be_v not_o law_n the_o rule_n that_o we_o have_v in_o plead_v that_o parol_v font_n plea_n that_o be_v whatsoever_o the_o truth_n of_o his_o case_n be_v that_o be_v his_o case_n and_o that_o he_o must_v stand_v to_o as_o he_o have_v plead_v and_o the_o other_o rule_n that_o a_o man_n plea_n shall_v be_v take_v most_o strong_o against_o himself_o where_o it_o be_v doubtful_a these_o seem_v to_o i_o very_o hard_a and_o unreasonable_a it_o be_v strange_a to_o conclude_v any_o man_n where_o there_o be_v a_o mistake_n in_o word_n from_o lay_v open_o the_o truth_n of_o his_o case_n this_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v to_o invegle_v the_o court_n and_o make_v they_o give_v a_o unjust_a judgement_n and_o if_o they_o be_v inform_v of_o the_o mistake_n and_o yet_o judge_v according_a to_o that_o i_o doubt_v whether_o a_o rule_n of_o law_n will_v another_o day_n be_v a_o 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fol._n 6._o a._o say_v that_o there_o be_v eight_o formal_a or_o orderly_a part_n of_o a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n as_o the_o premise_n the_o habendum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o he_o say_v all_o those_o part_n be_v contain_v in_o very_o few_o and_o significant_a word_n haec_fw-la fuit_fw-la candida_fw-la illius_fw-la aetatis_fw-la fides_fw-la et_fw-la simplicitas_fw-la quae_fw-la pauculis_fw-la lineis_fw-la omnia_fw-la fidei_fw-la firmamenta_fw-la posuerunt_fw-la and_o a_o feoffment_n be_v good_a without_o these_o formal_a part_n fol._n 7._o a._n for_o if_o a_o man_n by_o his_o deed_n give_v land_n to_o another_o and_o his_o heir_n without_o more_o say_n this_o be_v good_a if_o he_o put_v his_o seal_n to_o the_o deed_n deliver_v it_o and_o make_v livery_n according_o i_o have_v be_v the_o large_a upon_o this_o conveyance_n by_o way_n of_o
be_v allow_v till_o the_o contrary_a be_v preve_v but_o no_o long_o and_o certain_o if_o ever_o there_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a exception_n to_o any_o rule_n this_o may_v pass_v for_o one_o my_o lord_n cook_n say_v that_o it_o have_v be_v attempt_v in_o parliament_n that_o a_o statute_n may_v be_v make_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v bar_v by_o a_o collateral_a warranty_n but_o where_o asset_n descend_v from_o the_o same_o ancestor_n but_o it_o never_o take_v effect_n because_o say_v he_o that_o it_o will_v weaken_v common_a assurance_n rot._n parliament_n 50._o e._n 3._o num._n 77._o this_o be_v a_o reason_n urge_v in_o defence_n of_o common_a recovery_n likewise_o the_o english_a of_o it_o be_v but_o this_o i_o may_v bar_v another_o man_n of_o his_o just_a and_o lawful_a right_n to_o fortify_v a_o wrongful_a title_n otherwise_o it_o will_v weaken_v common_a assurance_n i_o know_v no_o reason_n but_o man_n right_n shall_v be_v as_o much_o favour_v as_o common_a assurance_n a_o heir_n as_o much_o as_o a_o purchasor_n to_o conclude_v i_o wish_v a_o second_o attempt_n be_v make_v in_o this_o present_a parliament_n against_o these_o collateral_a warranty_n and_o then_o i_o shall_v not_o despair_v of_o redress_n of_o so_o unreasonable_a a_o law_n the_o next_o thing_n i_o be_o to_o treat_v of_o be_v plead_n and_o therein_o i_o shall_v propound_v this_o question_n whether_o it_o be_v consonant_a to_o reason_n or_o conscience_n that_o any_o man_n plea_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v nought_o and_o avoid_v at_o any_o time_n for_o any_o matter_n of_o form_n false_a latin_a double_a plea_n departure_n or_o any_o other_o defect_n whatsoever_o the_o case_n and_o matter_n itself_o sufficient_o appear_v upon_o the_o record_n for_o which_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v first_o that_o i_o may_v clear_v the_o question_n of_o some_o thing_n doubtful_a in_o it_o i_o have_v add_v to_o it_o at_o any_o time_n because_o in_o some_o case_n and_o sometime_o such_o defective_a plea_n be_v already_o 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i_o know_v not_o where_o it_o lie_v except_o it_o be_v in_o this_o that_o such_o a_o one_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o subtle_a lawyer_n a_o picklock_n of_o the_o law_n one_o who_o can_v discover_v a_o flaw_n or_o defect_n in_o any_o plea_n present_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v and_o this_o be_v the_o honour_n i_o believe_v to_o be_v able_a to_o vex_v and_o trouble_v and_o undo_v people_n by_o various_a suit_n if_o this_o be_v the_o honour_n though_o i_o hope_v no_o man_n will_v therefore_o count_v i_o whole_o ignorant_a of_o this_o knowledge_n because_o i_o speak_v against_o it_o let_v who_o will_v take_v it_o for_o i_o cook_n upon_o litt._n fol._n 303._o 304._o observe_v that_o many_o a_o good_a cause_n be_v daily_o lose_v for_o want_n of_o orderly_a and_o good_a plead_n the_o more_o the_o pity_n and_o after_o he_o say_v when_o i_o diligent_o consider_v the_o course_n of_o our_o book_n of_o year_n and_o term_n from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o e._n 3._o i_o observe_v that_o more_o jangle_v and_o question_n grow_v upon_o the_o manner_n of_o plead_v and_o exception_n to_o form_n then_o upon_o the_o matter_n itself_o and_o infinite_a cause_n lose_v or_o delay_v for_o want_n of_o good_a plead_n what_o a_o gross_a shame_n and_o most_o unconscionable_a thing_n be_v this_o that_o form_n shall_v be_v insist_v upon_o more_o than_o matter_n and_o the_o client_n shall_v lose_v his_o case_n or_o have_v it_o delay_v for_o formality_n the_o client_n sue_v not_o at_o law_n for_o to_o make_v case_n or_o question_n or_o to_o occasion_n scruple_n about_o nice_a formality_n but_o to_o have_v justice_n do_v according_a to_o the_o truth_n of_o his_o case_n and_o this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o law_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o controversy_n in_o do_v right_a to_o the_o party_n without_o delay_n or_o regard_v any_o thing_n but_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o case_n itself_o interest_n reipublicae_fw-la ut_fw-la sit_fw-la finis_fw-la litium_fw-la it_o very_o much_o concern_v the_o commonwealth_n that_o strife_n be_v end_v and_o not_o that_o one_o dispute_n or_o controversy_n shall_v occasion_v another_o much_o less_o that_o contention_n shall_v be_v about_o word_n the_o matter_n lay_v aside_o and_o the_o party_n depart_v not_o as_o he_o come_v but_o in_o a_o worse_a condition_n his_o money_n fruitless_o expend_v and_o his_o right_n if_o not_o lose_v suspend_v my_o lord_n cook_n say_v again_o that_o it_o be_v worthy_a of_o observation_n and_o so_o indeed_o it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o e._n 2._o e._n 1._o and_o upward_o the_o plead_n be_v plain_a and_o sensible_a but_o nothing_o curious_a evermore_o have_v chief_a respect_n to_o matter_n not_o to_o form_n of_o word_n i_o be_o sure_a we_o can_v say_v so_o of_o these_o latter_a time_n for_o i_o be_o confident_a they_o be_v never_o more_o nice_a and_o captious_a than_o of_o late_a then_o he_o say_v that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o e._n 3._o plead_n grow_v to_o perfection_n both_o without_o lameness_n and_o curiousity_n and_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 6._o the_o judge_n give_v a_o quick_a ear_n to_o exception_n to_o plead_n than_o either_o their_o predecessor_n do_v or_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o e._n 4._o or_o since_o that_o time_n have_v do_v give_v no_o way_n to_o nice_a exception_n so_o long_o as_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v sufficient_o show_v i_o attribute_v much_o of_o honour_n and_o respect_n to_o my_o lord_n cook_n yet_o i_o shall_v crave_v that_o freedom_n to_o deliver_v what_o be_v truth_n and_o that_o be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o that_o plead_n be_v never_o more_o curious_a and_o subtle_a than_o of_o late_a and_o never_o more_o nice_a exception_n give_v way_n to_o i_o shall_v not_o here_o meddle_v with_o the_o order_n of_o plead_v as_o first_o to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n second_o to_o the_o person_n etc._n etc._n which_o must_v be_v observe_v in_o their_o due_a course_n or_o you_o lose_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o former_a nor_o yet_o with_o my_o lord_n cook_n rule_n of_o plead_v in_o his_o institute_n in_o which_o he_o be_v very_o large_a i_o go_v not_o about_o to_o teach_v or_o inform_v you_o of_o the_o form_n and_o subtlety_n of_o our_o plea_n though_o they_o be_v worth_a the_o know_v yea_o and_o observe_v too_o so_o that_o the_o client_n may_v not_o be_v prejudice_v for_o want_n or_o defect_n of_o such_o form_n for_o the_o double_a plea_n i_o can_v understand_v any_o just_a reason_n why_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v allow_v that_o reason_n which_o the_o law_n give_v be_v that_o the_o court_n and_o jury_n may_v be_v invegle_v by_o such_o plea_n i_o have_v inquire_v exact_o into_o this_o reason_n but_o can_v find_v how_o or_o which_o way_n and_o i_o do_v profess_v myself_o one_o of_o my_o lord_n cook_n non-intelligent_n too_o for_o he_o say_v the_o law_n in_o this_o point_n be_v by_o they_o that_o understand_v not_o the_o reason_n thereof_o mislike_v and_o i_o do_v acknowledge_v myself_o of_o their_o mind_n who_o say_v nemo_fw-la prohibetur_fw-la pluribus_fw-la defensionibus_fw-la uti_fw-la no_o man_n be_v prohibit_v to_o use_v several_a defence_n and_o so_o likewise_o for_o the_o departure_n i_o know_v no_o reason_n that_o any_o man_n shall_v be_v bar_v or_o conclude_v from_o offer_v any_o other_o or_o new_a matter_n but_o that_o any_o man_n may_v at_o any_o time_n make_v the_o best_a of_o his_o own_o case_n certain_o judge_n ought_v to_o have_v principal_a regard_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o every_o man_n case_n that_o that_o may_v be_v discover_v thereby_o the_o better_a to_o enable_v they_o to_o give_v righteous_a and_o true_a judgement_n not_o to_o form_n or_o word_n these_o be_v but_o apices_fw-la legis_fw-la
statute_n of_o merton_n 20._o h._n 3._o cap._n 9_o confirm_v this_o opinion_n have_v there_o be_v a_o reason_n give_v in_o this_o statute_n or_o by_o the_o lord_n to_o make_v good_a the_o use_n and_o approbation_n it_o have_v be_v somewhat_o to_o convince_v a_o man_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o this_o law_n but_o since_o there_o be_v none_o i_o hope_v that_o a_o nolunt_fw-la mutare_fw-la shall_v not_o make_v the_o law_n one_o whit_n the_o more_o reasonable_a it_o be_v not_o what_o we_o will_v not_o do_v but_o what_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v that_o aught_o to_o poise_v in_o judgement_n nevertheless_o i_o submit_v all_o to_o grave_a judgement_n the_o next_o thing_n that_o i_o question_n be_v whether_o trial_n by_o jury_n as_o it_o be_v now_o in_o use_n be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n and_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o public_a or_o not_o when_o i_o have_v serious_o consider_v with_o myself_o how_o great_a a_o burden_n lie_v upon_o such_o man_n shoulder_n who_o be_v of_o a_o jury_n and_o of_o what_o great_a importance_n this_o way_n of_o trial_n be_v to_o all_o man_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n the_o life_n and_o fortune_n of_o all_o man_n be_v subject_a and_o liable_a to_o their_o verdict_n and_o judgement_n and_o when_o i_o have_v further_o think_v with_o myself_o that_o although_o this_o be_v the_o most_o exact_a and_o equal_a way_n of_o trial_n in_o the_o world_n for_o man_n to_o be_v judge_v by_o their_o peer_n and_o that_o not_o by_o one_o or_o two_o only_a but_o by_o 12_o man_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n and_o therefore_o say_v my_o lord_n cook_n upon_o litt._n 1._o a_o jurer_n ought_v to_o be_v dwell_v most_o near_o to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o question_n be_v move_v and_o such_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v best_a conusant_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n 2._o he_o ought_v to_o be_v most_o sufficient_a both_o for_o understanding_n that_o his_o ignorance_n may_v not_o mislead_v he_o and_o competency_n of_o estate_n that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v corrupt_v through_o poverty_n or_o necessity_n 3._o he_o ought_v to_o be_v least_o suspicious_a that_o be_v to_o be_v indifferent_a as_o he_o stand_v unsworn_a and_o then_o he_o be_v account_v in_o law_n liber_n and_o legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la otherwise_o he_o may_v be_v challenge_v or_o except_v against_o and_o not_o suffer_v to_o be_v swear_v the_o most_o usual_a way_n of_o trial_n say_v he_o be_v by_o twelve_o such_o man_n it_o be_v well_o if_o they_o be_v for_o ad_fw-la quaestionem_fw-la facti_fw-la non_fw-la respondent_fw-la judices_fw-la and_o matter_n in_o law_n the_o judge_n ought_v to_o decide_v for_o ad_fw-la quaestionem_fw-la juris_fw-la non_fw-la respondent_fw-la juratores_fw-la and_o certain_o this_o be_v the_o most_o equal_a and_o just_a way_n of_o trial._n for_o the_o institution_n and_o right_a use_n of_o this_o trial_n by_o twelve_o man_n and_o wherefore_o other_o country_n have_v they_o not_o and_o how_o this_o trial_n excel_v other_o see_v fortescue_n at_o large_a cap._n 25_o and_o 29._o again_o the_o law_n have_v take_v such_o care_n for_o equality_n and_o right_n in_o such_o trial_n that_o the_o law_n have_v inflict_v a_o most_o heavy_a doom_n and_o judgement_n in_o case_n they_o give_v a_o false_a verdict_n by_o way_n of_o attaint_n against_o the_o jury_n for_o which_o you_o may_v see_v cook_n upon_o litt._n fol._n â—94_n and_o fortescue_n cap._n 26._o yet_o for_o all_o this_o when_o i_o again_o consider_v what_o weak_a and_o ignorant_a jury_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n return_v i_o can_v sufficient_o wonder_v and_o lament_v that_o man_n life_n and_o fortune_n shall_v depend_v upon_o such_o man_n verdict_n that_o such_o man_n as_o many_o of_o they_o be_v who_o have_v not_o have_v so_o much_o good_a literature_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o read_v shall_v be_v judge_n and_o disposer_n as_o upon_o the_o matter_n they_o be_v of_o other_o man_n life_n and_o estate_n but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v object_v by_o some_o that_o the_o trial_n be_v before_o the_o learned_a judge_n of_o the_o law_n who_o may_v direct_v they_o and_o satisfy_v they_o in_o their_o doubt_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o such_o fear_n of_o injustice_n as_o be_v suppose_v this_o i_o conceive_v be_v sufficient_o answer_v before_o in_o that_o the_o law_n be_v that_o the_o jury_n be_v the_o only_a judge_n of_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o in_o that_o they_o may_v judge_v according_a to_o their_o own_o conscience_n and_o be_v not_o bind_v in_o such_o case_n to_o ask_v advise_v of_o the_o judge_n or_o if_o they_o do_v they_o be_v not_o tie_v to_o follow_v it_o nor_o in_o truth_n ought_v the_o judge_n in_o such_o case_n to_o direct_v they_o though_o in_o matter_n of_o law_n of_o which_o they_o indeed_o be_v the_o proper_a judge_n they_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o do_v it_o their_o work_n be_v only_o true_o and_o faithful_o to_o repeat_v the_o evidence_n on_o both_o side_n and_o so_o to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o jury_n my_o lord_n cook_n say_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n they_o be_v twelve_o knight_n and_o fortescue_n say_v that_o the_o jury_n be_v very_o oft_o make_v special_o in_o great_a matter_n of_o knight_n esquire_n etc._n etc._n cap._n 29._o fol._n 67._o though_o this_o be_v of_o as_o high_a consequence_n and_o concernment_n to_o the_o public_a as_o may_v be_v yet_o i_o shall_v not_o desire_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v twelve_o knight_n or_o twelve_o esquire_n to_o every_o jury_n for_o so_o in_o defect_n of_o they_o there_o will_v be_v often_o a_o failer_z of_o justice_n and_o beside_o some_o case_n be_v so_o small_a and_o inconsiderable_a in_o themselves_o that_o a_o mean_a and_o ordinary_a jury_n may_v be_v sufficient_a for_o that_o purpose_n but_o this_o i_o shall_v humble_o desire_v that_o in_o all_o case_n which_o touch_v a_o man_n life_n or_o his_o estate_n to_o any_o considerable_a value_n there_o may_v be_v twelve_o able_a understand_a gentleman_n return_v of_o the_o jury_n such_o as_o be_v know_v in_o their_o country_n to_o be_v man_n of_o competent_a worth_n for_o so_o great_a a_o employment_n this_o will_v very_o much_o advance_v right_a and_o determine_v dispute_n and_o controversy_n which_o now_o frequent_o be_v again_o revive_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o verdict_n of_o weak_a and_o unable_a jury_n and_o it_o be_v happy_a for_o the_o public_a if_o a_o act_n be_v make_v to_o that_o purpose_n the_o next_o thing_n i_o shall_v discuss_v be_v the_o loss_n of_o life_n in_o case_n of_o theft_n and_o the_o forfeiture_n thereupon_o in_o which_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v consonant_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n or_o reason_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v lose_v his_o life_n for_o theft_n and_o shall_v incur_v so_o great_a a_o forfeiture_n and_o penalty_n as_o loss_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n and_o corruption_n of_o his_o blood_n it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v a_o commandment_n against_o it_o thou_o shall_v not_o steal_v but_o there_o be_v no_o penalty_n inflict_v upon_o those_o that_o do_v but_o by_o the_o judicial_a law_n exod._n 22._o vers._n 1._o if_o a_o man_n steal_v a_o ox_n or_o a_o sheep_n and_o kill_v it_o or_o sell_v it_o he_o shall_v restore_v five_o ox_n for_o the_o ox_n and_o four_o sheep_n for_o the_o sheep_n and_o vers._n 4._o if_o the_o theft_n be_v find_v with_o he_o alive_a whether_o it_o be_v ox_n or_o ass_n or_o sheep_n he_o shall_v restore_v the_o double_a so_o that_o by_o that_o law_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o restitution_n but_o no_o life_n be_v then_o in_o danger_n but_o to_o this_o it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o that_o law_n be_v give_v to_o the_o jew_n only_o to_o observe_v and_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o we_o to_o this_o i_o say_v that_o have_v it_o be_v a_o equal_a and_o just_a law_n to_o suffer_v death_n in_o such_o case_n without_o doubt_n it_o have_v be_v impose_v upon_o they_o to_o observe_v for_o in_o the_o chapter_n before_o murder_n be_v make_v death_n life_n for_o life_n that_o be_v equal_a punishment_n but_o life_n for_o any_o worldly_a or_o temporal_a substance_n whatsoever_o hold_v not_o the_o least_o equality_n of_o proportion_n for_o one_o man_n life_n be_v of_o great_a value_n and_o esteem_v than_o all_o the_o treasure_n upon_o the_o earth_n man_n be_v the_o image_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o certain_o we_o ought_v to_o deal_v tender_o with_o his_o image_n and_o if_o god_n who_o have_v the_o sole_a absolute_a power_n and_o dominion_n over_o all_o his_o creature_n think_v not_o fit_a to_o give_v the_o magistrate_n who_o be_v his_o vicegerent_n here_o upon_o earth_n such_o power_n over_o the_o life_n of_o man_n but_o have_v reserve_v it_o to_o himself_o except_o in_o case_n of_o murder_n how_o dare_v then_o any_o power_n or_o authority_n what_o soever_o usurp_v it_o the_o