conceal_v his_o meaning_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o auditor_n understand_v one_o thing_n and_o he_o another_o this_o be_v that_o verbal_a equivocation_n which_o among_o some_o other_o casuist_n and_o scholastics_n the_o jesuit_n especial_o maintain_v and_o practice_v example_n whereof_o be_v most_o frequent_o find_v in_o assertory_n oath_n because_o by_o their_o doctrine_n the_o chief_a use_n of_o this_o equivocation_n be_v when_o a_o man_n examine_v by_o a_o impotent_a judge_n or_o not_o legal_o or_o have_v some_o other_o reason_n to_o dissemble_v the_o truth_n fit_v the_o word_n uâ—to_fw-mi his_o occasion_n by_o change_v their_o genuine_a sense_n into_o one_o more_o strain_v and_o remote_a from_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n as_o if_o a_o jesuit_n apprehend_v shall_v swear_v that_o he_o be_v a_o smith_n mean_v that_o his_o name_n be_v smith_n or_o a_o apprentice_n command_v to_o tell_v where_o his_o master_n be_v shall_v swear_v he_o die_v a_o month_n ago_o mean_v that_o he_o then_o die_v stocking_n the_o like_a may_v happen_v in_o promissory_a oath_n as_o if_o a_o general_n have_v make_v a_o truce_n with_o a_o enemy_n for_o ten_o day_n shall_v give_v he_o a_o camifado_n because_o in_o the_o capitulation_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o day_n only_o not_o of_o the_o night_n livy_n and_o other_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o the_o ten_o roman_n take_v by_o hannibal_n and_o after_o they_o have_v swear_v upon_o certain_a condition_n to_o return_v unto_o his_o camp_n dismiss_v one_o of_o which_o say_v he_o other_o say_z two_o most_o unlike_a a_o roman_a return_v the_o same_o day_n pretend_v something_o forget_v but_o intend_v to_o absolve_v himself_o of_o his_o promise_n and_o before_o night_n overtake_v his_o companion_n which_o deceitful_a trick_n of_o his_o be_v account_v so_o base_a that_o he_o be_v not_o only_o scorn_v by_o the_o vulgar_a brand_v with_o ignominy_n by_o the_o censor_n but_o adjudge_v by_o the_o senate_n to_o be_v take_v and_o by_o a_o public_a guard_n deliver_v unto_o hannibal_n nevertheless_o jesuit_n so_o vigorous_o defend_v this_o equivocation_n that_o jo._n molanus_n professor_n at_o louvain_n justify_v the_o murder_n of_o john_n huss_n perpetrate_v against_o the_o public_a faith_n engage_v unto_o he_o for_o his_o safe_a conduct_n for_o this_o reason_n that_o the_o conduct_v undertake_v for_o his_o safe_a come_n not_o for_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o return_n and_o now_o let_v jesuit_n confident_o complain_v of_o the_o great_a injury_n do_v they_o while_o we_o say_v they_o hold_v faith_n not_o to_o be_v keep_v with_o heretic_n for_o if_o this_o be_v to_o keep_v faith_n they_o need_v not_o much_o trouble_v themselves_o with_o whosoever_o it_o be_v contract_v whether_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v keep_v or_o break_v but_o whole_a book_n of_o this_o jesuitism_n be_v large_o and_o solid_o confute_v by_o the_o reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n john_n morton_n now_o bishop_n of_o duresm_n henry_n mason_n and_o other_o of_o our_o countryman_n worthy_a the_o perusal_n of_o such_o as_o desire_v further_a satisfaction_n in_o this_o point_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n our_o result_n be_v that_o the_o party_n swear_v after_o this_o manner_n both_o sin_v in_o his_o equivocal_a oath_n and_o be_v notwithstanding_o that_o tacit_a equivocation_n bind_v in_o conscience_n unto_o the_o performance_n of_o his_o promise_n in_o that_o sense_n which_o the_o word_n yield_v of_o themselves_o and_o be_v without_o constraint_n apt_a to_o beget_v upon_o the_o mind_n of_o other_o unless_o he_o act_v according_o he_o be_v not_o guiltless_a of_o perjury_n sect_n iv._o some_o reason_n of_o this_o assertion_n i_o have_v already_o allege_v in_o the_o confirmation_n of_o our_o first_o hypothesis_n i_o shall_v now_o add_v but_o brief_o a_o few_o more_o the_o first_o a_o oath_n according_a unto_o the_o sum_n of_o that_o hypothesis_n aught_o to_o be_v most_o simple_o and_o effectual_o understand_v unto_o which_o simplicity_n this_o artifice_n of_o industrious_a ambiguity_n be_v repugnant_a the_o second_o it_o be_v a_o great_a profanation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n to_o invoke_v he_o as_o witness_v and_o searcher_n of_o heart_n to_o attest_v the_o truth_n of_o word_n which_o agree_v not_o with_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v for_o what_o be_v this_o if_o not_o as_o far_o as_o lie_v in_o man_n power_n to_o make_v god_n who_o can_v neither_o deceive_v nor_o be_v deceive_v a_o impostor_n and_o patron_n of_o base_a dissimulation_n the_o three_o equivocation_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o very_a institution_n and_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n who_o chief_a use_n be_v to_o be_v a_o end_n of_o strife_n and_o controversy_n and_o to_o give_v as_o certain_a security_n in_o uncertain_a thing_n as_o humane_a nature_n be_v able_a to_o afford_v it_o be_v expediendarum_fw-la litium_fw-la maximum_fw-la remedium_fw-la but_o that_o certainty_n which_o we_o seek_v in_o a_o oath_n be_v losâ—_n in_o equivocation_n for_o what_o certainty_n can_v there_o be_v in_o his_o answer_n who_o meaning_n be_v uncertainty_n nor_o be_v controversy_n thus_o end_v but_o aggravate_v the_o four_o the_o party_n so_o swear_v delude_v his_o neighbour_n and_o know_o deceive_v contrary_a to_o the_o precept_n ne_o juret_fw-la in_o dolo_fw-la and_o to_o the_o ancient_a form_n si_fw-mi sciens_fw-la fallo_fw-la the_o five_o promise_v in_o the_o promissory_a be_v as_o affirmation_n and_o negation_n be_v in_o the_o assertory_n and_o contain_v a_o answer_n unto_o the_o question_n or_o interrogatory_n propose_v by_o the_o deferent_a which_o unless_o it_o quadrate_n and_o agree_v with_o the_o interrogatory_n propose_v be_v no_o truth_n but_o a_o lie_n for_o out_o of_o the_o question_n and_o the_o answer_n spring_v as_o it_o be_v one_o proposition_n which_o must_v be_v utter_o false_a where_o the_o answer_n be_v make_v in_o a_o different_a sense_n from_o that_o wherein_o the_o question_n be_v ask_v noâ—_n do_v that_o qualification_n to_o which_o the_o patron_n of_o this_o simulation_n fly_v afford_v they_o refuge_n to_o wit_n that_o we_o may_v not_o use_v this_o equivocation_n at_o our_o pleasure_n but_o only_o before_o a_o incompetent_a judge_n such_o as_o have_v no_o right_a to_o require_v a_o oath_n or_o who_o compel_v we_o to_o swear_v without_o just_a cause_n or_o exact_v that_o which_o be_v not_o due_a or_o the_o like_a but_o to_o omit_v that_o these_o be_v but_o their_o bare_a allegation_n only_o not_o confirm_v by_o authority_n of_o scripture_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n or_o indeed_o of_o good_a and_o solid_a reason_n the_o force_n of_o these_o argument_n by_o which_o we_o maintain_v the_o contrary_a be_v neither_o overthrow_v nor_o weaken_v by_o this_o qualification_n and_o although_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v that_o a_o unjust_a force_n may_v null_n that_o obligation_n make_v to_o man_n because_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a that_o a_o unjust_a act_n shall_v acquire_v any_o right_n yet_o no_o injury_n do_v unto_o we_o by_o man_n can_v give_v we_o just_a cause_n to_o injure_v god_n by_o cast_v off_o that_o obligation_n which_o we_o make_v unto_o he_o the_o searcher_n of_o heart_n to_o who_o such_o right_a by_o every_o oath_n occur_v through_o the_o invocation_n of_o his_o name_n to_o conclude_v this_o jesuitical_a doctrine_n license_v the_o lust_n of_o lie_v and_o perjury_n unto_o impious_a man_n notwithstanding_o that_o qualification_n which_o though_o it_o remain_v yet_o the_o sole_a judgement_n when_o it_o be_v and_o when_o not_o expedient_a to_o use_v it_o be_v leave_v unto_o the_o party_n swear_v wherefore_o if_o a_o man_n against_o right_n and_o reason_n be_v constrain_v to_o swear_v he_o ought_v either_o absolute_o to_o refuse_v the_o oath_n or_o to_o take_v it_o in_o that_o sense_n wherein_o it_o be_v give_v without_o simulation_n or_o equivocation_n sect_n v._o the_o three_o case_n ally_v unto_o this_o be_v of_o mental_a reservation_n which_o the_o jesuit_n defend_v with_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o define_v with_o the_o same_o qualification_n they_o do_v verbal_a equivocation_n for_o as_o in_o that_o by_o wrest_v the_o word_n pronounce_v unto_o another_o sense_n so_o in_o this_o by_o some_o addition_n not_o pronounce_v but_o conceive_v in_o mind_n the_o party_n swear_v elude_v the_o interrogatory_n so_o they_o say_v a_o priest_n if_o he_o be_v examine_v by_o a_o heretical_a magistrate_n whether_o he_o be_v a_o priest_n may_v answer_v that_o he_o be_v no_o priest_n meaning_n of_o bacchus_n or_o apollo_n and_o a_o adulterous_a wife_n if_o she_o be_v question_v of_o adultery_n by_o her_o jealous_a husband_n may_v swear_v unto_o he_o that_o she_o commit_v not_o adultery_n mean_v not_o to_o the_o end_n to_o tell_v he_o the_o like_a they_o hold_v in_o promissory_a oath_n that_o a_o traveller_n to_o save_v his_o life_n may_v swear_v to_o give_v money_n unto_o a_o thief_n though_o he_o never_o intend_v it_o provide_v
that_o when_o he_o swear_v i_o will_v give_v thou_o so_o much_o he_o understand_v if_o i_o owe_v it_o thou_o or_o if_o thou_o demand_v it_o before_o the_o magistrate_n but_o as_o this_o mental_a reservation_n be_v build_v upon_o the_o same_o sand_n with_o verbal_a equivocation_n so_o be_v it_o destroy_v with_o the_o same_o dash_n for_o it_o root_v all_o faith_n and_o assurance_n out_o of_o man_n make_v god_n a_o imposter_n be_v deceitful_a unto_o our_o neighbour_n pervert_v the_o use_n and_o end_n of_o oath_n set_v open_v a_o great_a gate_n to_o all_o kind_n of_o lie_n and_o perjury_n and_o be_v so_o much_o worse_a than_o equivocation_n as_o more_o difficult_a to_o be_v prevent_v for_o equivocation_n foresee_v or_o suspect_v may_v be_v prevent_v by_o such_o diligent_a explication_n of_o the_o word_n as_o may_v leave_v no_o loophole_n of_o ambiguity_n but_o no_o humane_a art_n or_o providence_n if_o man_n will_v be_v juggle_v can_v prevent_v this_o pouch_n of_o this_o reservation_n where_o will_v you_o find_v a_o knot_n to_o tie_v this_o vertumnus_n unto_o one_o shape_n bind_v wicked_a proteus_n in_o chain_n a_o thousand_o fold_n it_o be_v all_o in_o vain_a jesuit_n and_o priest_n reserve_v unto_o themselves_o the_o liberty_n to_o reserve_v any_o thing_n be_v not_o afraid_a with_o a_o serious_a brow_n to_o take_v our_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n though_o pen_v with_o such_o accurateness_n of_o word_n as_o leave_v no_o hold_n for_o cavil_n nor_o way_n for_o escape_v yet_o that_o very_a clause_n where_o in_o express_a word_n they_o promise_v that_o they_o will_v faithful_o observe_v all_o the_o premise_n according_a unto_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o word_n pronounce_v by_o they_o and_o according_a to_o the_o plain_a and_o natural_a sense_n and_o true_a intent_n of_o those_o word_n without_o any_o equivocation_n or_o mental_a reservation_n they_o understand_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o this_o reservation_n to_o wit_n that_o i_o will_v tell_v you_o sect_n vi_o they_o lie_v nevertheless_o at_o a_o ward_n to_o put_v by_o perjury_n for_o say_v they_o of_o the_o verbal_a and_o mental_a sentence_n one_o entire_a sentence_n be_v compound_v in_o which_o take_v altogether_o there_o be_v no_o falsehood_n for_o example_n if_o a_o priest_n swear_v in_o express_a word_n that_o he_o be_v no_o priest_n with_o the_o addition_n reserve_v in_o his_o mind_n but_o not_o utter_v that_o i_o shall_v tell_v it_o you_o this_o whole_a sentence_n say_v they_o put_v together_o be_v true_a viz._n i_o be_o not_o a_o priest_n that_o i_o shall_v tell_v it_o you_o nor_o do_v any_o reason_n seem_v to_o forbid_v a_o man_n the_o liberty_n if_o he_o please_v to_o compose_v his_o speech_n of_o verbal_a and_o mental_a term_n for_o why_o in_o our_o prayer_n if_o one_o shall_v pronounce_v those_o word_n only_o our_o daily_a bread_n and_o express_v those_o other_o give_v we_o this_o day_n in_o his_o thought_n only_o shall_v the_o speech_n be_v entire_a and_o lawful_a and_o acceptable_a unto_o god_n and_o unlawful_a to_o do_v the_o like_a in_o a_o oath_n that_o this_o jesuitical_a legerdemain_n may_v full_o be_v discover_v first_o it_o be_v admirable_a that_o these_o most_o acute_a artificer_n shall_v not_o perceive_v the_o fabric_n of_o this_o defence_n not_o to_o be_v raise_v but_o upon_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o faith_n in_o all_o humane_a judgement_n contract_n and_o promise_n for_o the_o argument_n they_o use_v if_o it_o be_v of_o any_o weight_n will_v as_o well_o justify_v the_o practice_n of_o this_o equivocation_n before_o a_o lawful_a judge_n and_o in_o a_o just_a matter_n which_o they_o say_v ought_v not_o to_o be_v as_o before_o a_o incompetent_a judge_n and_o in_o a_o unjust_a matter_n see_v that_o a_o sentence_n compose_v of_o the_o verbal_a and_o mental_a part_n be_v in_o each_o of_o the_o same_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n and_o this_o answer_n may_v suffice_v ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la but_o ad_fw-la rem_fw-la i_o say_v second_o that_o a_o sentence_n compose_v as_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o verbal_a and_o mental_a part_n may_v be_v admit_v when_o a_o man_n converse_v with_o his_o own_o thought_n as_o in_o private_a meditation_n or_o when_o he_o address_v himself_o to_o god_n alone_o as_o in_o prayer_n or_o thanksgiving_n but_o when_o the_o have_v to_o do_v with_o man_n as_o in_o oath_n where_o he_o be_v to_o bear_v such_o testimony_n as_o may_v be_v hear_v and_o understand_v by_o other_o a_o sense_n mix_v of_o verbal_a and_o mental_a part_n be_v in_o no_o wise_a to_o be_v admit_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n be_v manifest_a because_o that_o which_o he_o bear_v hide_v in_o his_o breast_n be_v no_o further_o know_v unto_o other_o than_o he_o declare_v it_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n but_o to_o god_n before_o who_o nothing_o be_v hide_v the_o dark_a secret_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v transparent_a so_o that_o when_o man_n pray_v or_o meditate_v it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n whether_o they_o pronounce_v their_o whole_a thought_n or_o part_n of_o they_o or_o none_o at_o all_o but_o man_n who_o can_v dive_v into_o the_o heart_n further_o than_o word_n and_o action_n discover_v it_o must_v weigh_v the_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n of_o a_o speech_n by_o those_o thing_n only_o which_o may_v yield_v testimony_n unto_o the_o hearer_n which_o since_o those_o reservation_n which_o be_v keep_v within_o can_v effect_v the_o truth_n of_o a_o speech_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v only_o by_o the_o word_n pronounce_v and_o not_o by_o mental_a reservation_n sect_n vii_o the_o four_o case_n follow_v the_o fact_n for_o as_o before_o and_o in_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o purpose_n of_o fulfil_v the_o promise_n in_o the_o same_o sense_n wherein_o it_o be_v propose_v without_o any_o equivocation_n or_o mental_a reservation_n so_o ought_v there_o afterward_o to_o be_v a_o desire_n and_o endeavour_v in_o due_a time_n faithful_o to_o perform_v the_o same_o according_a unto_o that_o sense_n wherein_o it_o be_v swear_v without_o any_o evasion_n or_o subterfuge_n and_o as_o it_o be_v one_o kind_n of_o perjury_n to_o strain_v the_o word_n during_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v unto_o another_o sense_n then_o that_o wherein_o they_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o auditor_n so_o be_v it_o another_o kind_n of_o perjury_n have_v swear_v honest_o not_o to_o proceed_v sincere_o but_o decline_v and_o elude_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o oath_n though_o the_o word_n be_v preserve_v with_o some_o new_a forge_a invention_n various_o turn_v and_o dress_v the_o word_n to_o cloak_v the_o guilt_n of_o their_o conscience_n as_o tacitus_n say_v of_o some_o stobaeus_n tell_v a_o pretty_a tale_n from_o herodotus_n of_o one_o archetimus_n who_o have_v deposit_v money_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o friend_n cydias_n archetimus_n upon_o a_o time_n desirous_a to_o have_v the_o same_o restore_v cydias_n loath_a to_o part_v with_o the_o gold_n disclaim_v that_o he_o ever_o receive_v it_o the_o matter_n bring_v before_o the_o judge_n the_o plaintiff_n accuse_v the_o defendant_n deny_v each_o with_o like_a confidence_n neither_o by_o any_o witness_n the_o judge_n other_o proof_n be_v want_v decree_v the_o determination_n of_o the_o controversy_n by_o oath_n the_o day_n be_v appoint_v cydias_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n put_v the_o gold_n into_o a_o hollow_a staff_n which_o he_o have_v cunning_o bore_v and_o withal_o counterfeit_v sickness_n then_o appear_v at_o the_o time_n with_o his_o staff_n as_o new_o recover_v deliver_v the_o same_o unto_o archetimus_n to_o hold_v while_o he_o approach_v the_o altar_n and_o till_o he_o have_v perform_v the_o solemnity_n of_o his_o oath_n this_o do_v with_o a_o most_o compose_a mind_n and_o countenance_n he_o swear_v that_o he_o have_v receive_v gold_n from_o archetimus_n but_o have_v restore_v it_o again_o unto_o he_o at_o which_o architemus_fw-la nettle_v with_o his_o loss_n and_o transport_v with_o indignation_n to_o see_v perfidiousness_n join_v with_o so_o much_o impudence_n throw_v the_o staff_n so_o hard_o against_o the_o pavement_n that_o it_o break_v and_o discover_v the_o money_n the_o fraud_n of_o cydias_n and_o the_o whole_a truth_n of_o the_o matter_n which_o act_n the_o writer_n of_o the_o story_n call_v a_o embroider_a lie_n and_o observe_v that_o cydias_n in_o reward_n of_o his_o perfidy_n come_v to_o a_o miserable_a end_n many_o such_o example_n be_v extant_a both_o in_o historian_n and_o common_a practice_n out_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v collect_v some_o profitable_a observation_n the_o first_o be_v that_o even_o dishonest_a man_n be_v so_o far_o touch_v with_o some_o conscience_n and_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n that_o though_o none_o at_o all_o or_o very_o small_a regard_n be_v have_v to_o justice_n and_o honesty_n yet_o through_o a_o instinct_n of_o nature_n
preciselv_n out_o of_o the_o debt_n of_o duty_n whence_o also_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o we_o when_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o obligation_n of_o oath_n as_o it_o concern_v conscience_n be_v primary_o and_o especial_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o obligation_n which_o bind_v we_o to_o the_o performance_n of_o duty_n not_o of_o that_o whereby_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n due_a unto_o perjury_n sect_n xiii_o these_o two_o distinction_n of_o obligation_n lay_v it_o be_v forth_o rmore_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o every_o oath_n be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n bind_v insomuch_o as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v swear_v without_o any_o intention_n to_o oblige_v himself_o nay_o although_o he_o shall_v swear_v with_o a_o intention_n not_o to_o oblige_v himself_o nevertheless_o the_o oath_n take_v he_o become_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la oblige_v as_o in_o its_o place_n if_o it_o please_v god_n that_o i_o go_v so_o far_o i_o shall_v more_o full_o show_v cicerâ—_n say_v right_a our_o ancestor_n will_v have_v no_o bond_n for_o the_o obligation_n of_o faith_n strict_a than_o that_o of_o a_o oath_n but_o what_o can_v be_v more_o clear_o say_v in_o this_o matter_n then_o that_o which_o moses_n say_v in_o the_o text_n if_o a_o man_n vow_v a_o vow_n unto_o the_o lord_n or_o swear_v a_o oath_n to_o line_v his_o soul_n with_o a_o bâ—nd_n where_o that_o gemination_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o hebrew_n have_v much_o emphasis_n and_o fortify_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n as_o in_o multiply_v i_o will_v multiply_v &_o in_o blessing_n i_o will_v bless_v that_o be_v i_o will_v exceed_o multiply_v i_o will_v great_o bless_v so_o ligando_fw-la ligamen_fw-la bind_v with_o a_o bond_n that_o be_v strong_o bind_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v although_o even_o a_o bare_a promise_n oblige_v the_o conscience_n and_o that_o with_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o asseveration_n or_o obtestation_n it_o oblige_v more_o strict_o yet_o a_o vow_n which_o be_v make_v to_o god_n and_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v make_v to_o man_n but_o with_o the_o witness_n of_o god_n be_v the_o strong_a of_o all_o obligation_n wherefore_o every_o oath_n oblige_v the_o conscience_n as_o well_o the_o assertory_n as_o the_o promissory_a of_o the_o promissory_a see_v it_o respect_v the_o time_n to_o come_v no_o man_n can_v doubt_v but_o of_o the_o assertory_n perhaps_o not_o without_o reason_n there_o may_v be_v some_o question_n make_v because_o all_o obligation_n bind_v unto_o some_o thing_n that_o be_v future_a but_o it_o have_v be_v say_v before_o that_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o assertory_n oath_n from_o the_o promissory_a consist_v in_o this_o that_o that_o respect_v a_o thing_n present_a or_o past_a this_o a_o future_a but_o the_o solution_n be_v easy_a to_o wit_n that_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n qua_fw-la tale_n fall_v not_o primary_o upon_o the_o object_n or_o matter_n of_o oath_n for_o so_o a_o assertory_n oath_n who_o object_n be_v something_o past_a or_o present_a can_v not_o lay_v any_o obligation_n for_o the_o future_a but_o obligation_n fall_v immediate_o and_o direct_o upon_o the_o subject_n that_o be_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o swearer_n who_o in_o both_o kind_n of_o oath_n be_v bind_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o some_o duty_n for_o the_o future_a sect_n fourteen_o which_o that_o it_o may_v be_v make_v more_o manifest_a and_o that_o withal_o it_o may_v moâ—â—_n clear_o appear_v what_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o promissory_a oath_n which_o i_o have_v undertake_v to_o explain_v be_v i_o will_v do_v my_o best_a to_o show_v what_o be_v common_a to_o both_o kind_n of_o oath_n so_o far_o as_o it_o concern_v the_o effect_n of_o obligation_n and_o what_o be_v peculiar_a unto_o a_o promissory_a oath_n and_o first_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v which_o be_v in_o itself_o so_o evident_a as_o its_o contradictory_n imply_v a_o manifest_a contradiction_n that_o all_o obligation_n to_o duty_n respect_v the_o duty_n to_o be_v perform_v de_fw-la futuro_fw-la that_o be_v at_o the_o least_o some_o time_n though_o perhaps_o a_o very_a small_a one_o after_o the_o obligation_n contract_v nor_o be_v it_o hard_o to_o be_v observe_v if_o diligent_o consider_v that_o this_o happen_v unto_o every_o oath_n as_o well_o assertory_n as_o promissory_a for_o whosoever_o swear_v oblige_v himself_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la to_o manifest_v the_o truth_n in_o that_o which_o he_o be_v about_o to_o say_v whether_o it_o be_v in_o a_o matter_n past_a or_o present_a by_o a_o assertory_n or_o in_o a_o future_a matter_n by_o a_o promissory_a oath_n and_o hitherto_o this_o obligation_n be_v alike_o common_a to_o both_o kind_n so_o that_o if_o in_o either_o of_o they_o the_o word_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v do_v not_o agree_v with_o his_o mind_n he_o become_v guilty_a of_o the_o breach_n of_o his_o duty_n and_o thence_o also_o 〈◊〉_d necessary_a consequence_n obnoxious_a unto_o punishment_n but_o in_o the_o promissory_a oath_n beside_o this_o obligation_n which_o fall_v upon_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v and_o be_v common_a to_o it_o and_o the_o assertory_n quatenus_fw-la juramentum_fw-la there_o be_v another_o further_a obligation_n proper_a and_o peculiar_a unto_o it_o quatenus_fw-la promissorium_fw-la which_o fall_v upon_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o oath_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o the_o promissory_a party_n swear_v be_v bind_v not_o only_o in_o present_a to_o intend_v to_o do_v that_o which_o he_o swear_v that_o his_o word_n may_v agree_v with_o his_o mind_n but_o also_o to_o endeavour_n for_o the_o future_a as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v to_o fulfil_v that_o which_o he_o have_v swear_v that_o his_o deed_n may_v agree_v with_o his_o word_n that_o be_v he_o oblige_v himself_o not_o only_o bare_o to_o promise_v that_o which_o he_o real_o intend_v but_o also_o far_a oblige_v himself_o to_o perform_v all_o that_o which_o he_o have_v promise_v by_o oath_n which_o the_o word_n of_o moses_n in_o this_o verse_n clear_o express_v if_o a_o man_n say_v he_o vow_v a_o vow_n unto_o the_o lord_n or_o swear_v a_o oath_n to_o bind_v his_o soul_n with_o a_o bond_n he_o shall_v not_o break_v his_o word_n he_o shall_v do_v according_a to_o all_o that_o proceed_v out_o of_o his_o mouth_n and_o thus_o as_o full_o as_o i_o oâ—ght_n &_o asclear_o as_o i_o can_v i_o have_v unfold_v unto_o you_o my_o sense_n upon_o the_o first_o head_n of_o this_o discourse_n what_o a_o oath_n be_v what_o a_o promissory_a oath_n what_o obligation_n in_o my_o next_o lecture_n with_o the_o help_n of_o god_n i_o shall_v proceed_v unto_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o order_n which_o i_o have_v propose_v the_o second_o lecture_n summary_n 1._o a_o premonition_n concern_v style_n 2._o hypothesis_n 1._o above_o all_o thing_n simplicity_n become_v a_o oath_n 3._o simulation_n and_o deceit_n be_v repugnant_a unto_o simplicity_n 4_o 5_o 6_o 7._o simulation_n do_v not_o evade_v perjury_n 8._o hypothesis_n 2._o a_o oath_n be_v stricti_fw-la juris_fw-la 9_o the_o interpretation_n of_o a_o oath_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v too_o loose_a 10._o all_o condition_n be_v not_o to_o be_v express_v in_o a_o oath_n 11._o hypoth_o 3._o a_o oath_n make_v not_o a_o former_a obligation_n void_a 12._o a_o impossible_a thing_n oblige_v not_o 13._o a_o unlawful_a thing_n oblige_v not_o 14._o the_o difference_n between_o a_o unlawful_a oath_n and_o a_o oath_n of_o a_o unlawful_a thing_n sect_n i._o have_v explain_v in_o the_o former_a lecture_n what_o a_o oath_n be_v in_o general_a what_o a_o promissory_a oath_n in_o particular_a and_o what_o obligation_n i_o proceed_v as_o i_o promise_v to_o propose_v some_o preoccupation_n or_o hypothesis_n fit_v for_o our_o purpose_n as_o foundation_n or_o if_o you_o please_v canon_n or_o rule_n of_o the_o whole_a future_a discourse_n from_o whence_o be_v to_o be_v derive_v and_o to_o which_o be_v to_o be_v reduce_v the_o determination_n of_o most_o doubt_n but_o before_o i_o do_v this_o of_o one_o thing_n by_o the_o way_n which_o i_o go_v not_o about_o to_o entreat_v of_o you_o as_o i_o shall_v do_v if_o i_o can_v suspect_v your_o savour_n or_o believe_v the_o thing_n in_o itself_o unjust_a i_o desire_v only_o to_o premonish_v you_o that_o it_o be_v my_o resolution_n so_o long_o as_o i_o can_v find_v wherewithal_o to_o be_v any_o way_n significant_a in_o my_o expression_n of_o the_o matter_n to_o be_v handle_v not_o to_o labour_v far_o for_o word_n muchlesse_a purity_n of_o language_n and_o least_o of_o all_o to_o trouble_v myself_o for_o elegance_n i_o leave_v that_o to_o such_o as_o have_v leisure_n and_o be_v delight_v to_o take_v pain_n for_o that_o which_o be_v unnecessary_a i_o use_v to_o relate_v among_o my_o friend_n not_o without_o some_o sport_n and_o laughter_n what_o sweat_v it_o cost_v paulus_n cortesius_n a_o man_n
worship_n so_o in_o the_o duty_n of_o our_o life_n especial_o in_o contract_n promise_n vow_n and_o oath_n be_v enjoin_v the_o present_a text_n that_o i_o may_v omit_v other_o require_v of_o he_o who_o take_v a_o oath_n in_o express_a term_n that_o he_o do_v according_a to_o all_o that_o proceed_v out_o of_o his_o mouth_n ut_fw-la omnino_fw-la faciat_fw-la that_o be_v that_o both_o at_o that_o time_n he_o faithful_o intend_v to_o do_v and_o afterward_o to_o his_o power_n faithful_o endeavour_v to_o do_v according_a to_o all_o that_o proceed_v out_o of_o his_o mouth_n that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o sense_n which_o the_o word_n by_o he_o utter_v after_o the_o common_a and_o receive_a manner_n of_o speech_n bear_v in_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o auditor_n and_o not_o according_a to_o that_o sense_n which_o he_o perhaps_o during_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v in_o his_o secret_a thought_n reserve_v unto_o himself_o and_o fraudulent_o intend_v whereunto_o that_o agree_v which_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o isidorus_n with_o what_o artifice_n of_o word_n soever_o a_o man_n swear_v god_n who_o be_v witness_n of_o his_o conscience_n take_v the_o same_o as_o he_o understand_v it_o to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o sense_n which_o the_o party_n swear_v when_o he_o begin_v to_o repent_v of_o the_o fact_n go_v about_o to_o invent_v for_o fashion_n sake_n as_o they_o speak_v not_o full_o and_o sincere_o to_o perform_v the_o faith_n of_o his_o oath_n as_o he_o ought_v but_o that_o he_o may_v after_o a_o sort_n appear_v unto_o himself_o and_o other_o to_o have_v perform_v his_o duty_n and_o with_o this_o artifice_n very_o wary_o and_o provident_o to_o â—ave_n avoid_v the_o crime_n of_o perjury_n sect_n v._o the_o second_o reason_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o example_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o as_o the_o apostle_n write_v heb._n 6._o for_o this_o very_a cause_n confirm_v his_o promise_n make_v unto_o the_o faithful_a by_o a_o oath_n that_o he_o may_v witness_v unto_o they_o more_o abundant_o that_o be_v as_o full_o as_o can_v possible_o be_v and_o so_o as_o may_v leave_v no_o place_n to_o doubt_v the_o immutability_n of_o his_o counsel_n in_o fulfil_v of_o that_o which_o he_o have_v swear_v to_o perform_v and_o all_o this_o to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o who_o shall_v believe_v may_v have_v a_o strong_a consolation_n and_o firm_a trust_n in_o he_o which_o nevertheless_o they_o can_v not_o have_v if_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a for_o god_n to_o lie_v or_o deceive_v they_o to_o who_o he_o have_v swear_v by_o frustrate_v their_o expectation_n but_o he_o will_v deceive_v and_o frustrate_v the_o hope_n and_o consolation_n in_o he_o of_o believer_n if_o either_o while_o he_o swear_v he_o intend_v not_o to_o do_v aâ—_n he_o promise_v or_o afterward_o change_v his_o mind_n shall_v noâ—_n perform_v iâ—_n in_o due_a time_n nor_o after_o the_o same_o sense_n in_o which_o his_o promise_n be_v by_o thâ—m_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o word_n right_o understand_v the_o lord_n have_v swear_v and_o will_v not_o 11._o repent_v the_o lord_n have_v swear_v in_o truth_n unto_o david_n he_o will_v not_o turn_v from_o it_o sect_n vi_o the_o three_o reason_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o truth_n which_o be_v first_o and_o chief_a of_o those_o three_o celebrate_a condition_n of_o a_o oath_n extant_a in_o the_o prophet_n jeremy_n inculcate_v 2._o by_o all_o and_o call_v by_o the_o schoolman_n the_o three_o companion_n of_o a_o oath_n viz._n truth_n judgement_n justice_n to_o which_o truth_n be_v repugnant_a not_o only_o that_o which_o be_v false_a but_o that_o also_o which_o be_v feign_v not_o noly_a a_o bare_a and_o evident_a lie_n but_o a_o cover_a one_o also_o howsoever_o palliate_v certain_o whosoever_o speak_v false_o unto_o his_o neighbour_n pollute_v his_o speech_n with_o a_o lie_n and_o he_o have_v speak_v false_o unto_o his_o neighbour_n who_o have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o deceive_v his_o neighbour_n of_o that_o hope_n which_o he_o have_v rational_o conceive_v from_o his_o speech_n since_o therefore_o by_o simulation_n of_o either_o kind_a a_o lie_n be_v not_o avoid_v if_o through_o our_o fault_n our_o neighbour_n trust_v to_o our_o word_n be_v deceive_v sure_o neither_o be_v perjuryâ—rcided_v â—rcided_z if_o through_o our_o fault_n he_o be_v deceive_v by_o trust_v unto_o our_o oath_n see_v that_o perjury_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o lie_v confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n so_o that_o perjury_n after_o a_o oath_n take_v be_v the_o very_a same_o that_o a_o lie_n be_v in_o a_o bare_a promise_n sect_n vii_o the_o four_o reason_n from_o the_o proper_a end_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o by_o that_o have_v be_v say_v when_o we_o explain_v the_o definition_n of_o a_o oath_n appear_v to_o be_v confirmation_n of_o a_o thing_n in_o doubt_n that_o be_v that_o as_o great_a certainty_n may_v be_v have_v of_o thing_n otherwise_o incertain_a and_o depend_v upon_o the_o truth_n of_o man_n as_o be_v possible_a to_o be_v have_v in_o humane_a affair_n for_o a_o oath_n be_v institute_v of_o god_n by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n for_o a_o remedy_n of_o humane_a defect_n in_o the_o search_n of_o truth_n that_o it_o may_v be_v the_o last_o mortal_a refuge_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o verity_n when_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o proof_n be_v deficient_a but_o this_o end_n will_v be_v utter_o overthrow_v nor_o can_v any_o certain_a credit_n be_v give_v to_o man_n if_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o party_n swear_v at_o his_o pleasure_n so_o to_o enervate_v that_o which_o he_o verbal_o pronounce_v to_o the_o end_n to_o obtain_v belief_n either_o by_o any_o tacit_a ambiguity_n in_o swear_v or_o after_o the_o oath_n take_v by_o any_o new_a invent_v and_o as_o it_o be_v posthume_n interpretation_n that_o it_o lose_v its_o whole_a force_n and_o become_v altogether_o ineffectual_a if_o either_o of_o these_o be_v lawful_a a_o oath_n will_v not_o be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o contradiction_n but_o the_o beginning_n and_o rather_o give_v occasion_n of_o new_a strife_n and_o contradiction_n then_o determine_v old_a one_o this_o door_n once_o open_v what_o can_v be_v imagine_v so_o false_a for_o the_o defence_n whereof_o some_o kind_n of_o at_o least_o diversion_n or_o subterfuge_n may_v not_o be_v find_v out_o whereby_o it_o may_v be_v deliver_v from_o the_o lie_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n how_o great_a a_o perversity_n be_v this_o that_o what_o the_o wise_a god_n have_v ordain_v for_o a_o aid_n of_o truth_n shall_v by_o impious_a man_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o instrument_n of_o falsehood_n very_o unless_o man_n have_v rather_o use_v the_o sacred_a ordinance_n of_o god_n to_o other_o end_n then_o that_o for_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v as_o a_o pious_a man_n can_v hardly_o do_v that_o which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o a_o oath_n ought_v likewise_o to_o be_v his_o end_n who_o take_v a_o oath_n now_o that_o be_v to_o give_v such_o assurance_n unto_o the_o hearer_n that_o he_o may_v become_v more_o secure_a and_o certain_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o a_o matter_n which_o be_v before_o in_o doubt_n but_o he_o who_o dissemble_v go_v about_o to_o possess_v the_o auditor_n with_o a_o false_a belief_n and_o so_o not_o only_o suffer_v other_o to_o be_v deceive_v which_o nevertheless_o see_v it_o may_v and_o ought_v to_o be_v hinder_v be_v against_o charity_n but_o intend_v also_o to_o deceive_v they_o which_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v against_o all_o justice_n and_o honesty_n be_v join_v with_o high_a indignity_n to_o god_n and_o contempt_n of_o his_o holy_a name_n and_o to_o my_o understanding_n scarce_o any_o kind_n of_o perjury_n seem_v to_o be_v more_o diametrical_o oppose_v to_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o three_o precept_n in_o the_o decalogue_n or_o to_o those_o very_a word_n thou_o shall_v not_o take_v the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n thy_o god_n in_o vain_a then_o that_o which_o arise_v out_o of_o this_o simulation_n for_o the_o word_n vanity_n to_o speak_v proper_o and_o adequate_o as_o it_o take_v in_o all_o that_o be_v any_o way_n false_a so_o in_o a_o kind_n of_o peculiar_a manner_n and_o most_o proper_o it_o signify_v that_o which_o be_v false_a in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o bear_v some_o show_n of_o truth_n so_o that_o if_o a_o man_n will_v express_v by_o a_o definition_n the_o nature_n and_o essence_n of_o vanity_n though_o it_o be_v ens_fw-la ratâ—onis_fw-la only_o and_o have_v no_o true_a essence_n yet_o by_o analogy_n with_o ens_fw-la real_n he_o can_v not_o do_v it_o better_o then_o by_o frame_v a_o idea_n his_o imagination_n compound_v of_o nothing_o as_o the_o matter_n and_o of_o a_o lie_n as_o the_o form_n thus_o hope_v which_o feed_v itself_o with_o a_o lie_n and_o be_v at_o the_o length_n frustrate_v and_o bring_v to_o
that_o worship_n be_v due_a unto_o god_n alone_o as_o from_o deut._n 6._o and_o jer._n 5._o have_v be_v prove_v which_o latter_a place_n though_o perhaps_o it_o peculiar_o concern_v they_o who_o swear_v by_o idol_n and_o false_a god_n yet_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o argument_n which_o the_o prophet_n use_v general_o take_v comprehend_v they_o also_o who_o swear_v by_o creature_n see_v that_o it_o may_v likewise_o be_v true_o say_v of_o creature_n that_o they_o be_v not_o go_n three_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o definition_n thereof_o show_v sufficient_o that_o it_o be_v never_o lawful_a to_o swear_v by_o creature_n heathen_n themselves_o confess_v that_o divine_a invocation_n belong_v unto_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o thing_n be_v so_o and_o this_o reason_n insufficient_a to_o excuse_v joseph_n of_o all_o crime_n the_o four_o opinion_n follow_v which_o explain_v the_o genuine_a sense_n of_o joseph_n word_n suppose_v he_o not_o to_o have_v swear_v at_o all_o and_o therefore_o not_o to_o have_v sin_v in_o swear_v amiss_o for_o if_o he_o swear_v by_o the_o life_n of_o pharaoh_n either_o the_o life_n of_o pharaoh_n be_v invoke_v as_o witness_v which_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o think_v or_o contain_v some_o execratory_n or_o imprecatory_a thing_n in_o it_o which_o what_o it_o can_v be_v without_o a_o very_a harsh_a and_o force_a interpretation_n of_o the_o word_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o divine_v but_o the_o sense_n of_o his_o word_n will_v be_v very_o plain_a and_o easy_a if_o they_o be_v expound_v by_o a_o indicative_a speech_n thus_o by_o the_o life_n of_o pharaoh_n you_o be_v spy_n that_o be_v as_o true_a and_o certain_a as_o it_o be_v that_o pharaoh_n live_v so_o true_a and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o you_o be_v spy_n like_o that_o by_o this_o sun_n that_o shine_v i_o tell_v you_o true_a which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v this_o be_v so_o true_a which_o i_o tell_v you_o as_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o sun_n shine_v whereof_o neither_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v formal_o a_o oath_n but_o a_o asseveration_n rather_o confirm_v by_o a_o vehement_a obtestation_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o much_o may_v be_v say_v for_o the_o contrary_a which_o though_o it_o be_v not_o of_o weight_n to_o make_v i_o alter_v my_o judgement_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v of_o weight_n to_o make_v i_o think_v it_o fit_a that_o every_o man_n shall_v be_v leave_v free_o to_o his_o judgement_n provide_v he_o condemn_v not_o another_o and_o grant_v i_o this_o that_o it_o can_v at_o least_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o word_n except_o it_o appear_v by_o other_o mean_n be_v clear_o prove_v that_o joseph_n swear_v see_v the_o word_n contain_v no_o invocation_n of_o witness_n nor_o of_o vengeance_n sect_n viii_o the_o three_o trial_n whereby_o a_o oath_n be_v to_o be_v know_v be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n place_n or_o community_n for_o there_o may_v be_v some_o speech_n which_o neither_o by_o their_o form_n nor_o force_n and_o natural_a sensâ—_n of_o the_o word_n appear_v to_o be_v oath_n yet_o through_o receive_a use_n in_o some_o nation_n and_o common_a estimation_n may_v be_v account_v oath_n as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n such_o as_o by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o word_n a_o man_n will_v take_v for_o oath_n may_v be_v esteem_v no_o oath_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o value_n of_o word_n be_v like_o that_o of_o money_n not_o by_o nature_n but_o agreement_n or_o rather_o use_v that_o be_v their_o worth_n be_v according_o as_o they_o be_v esteem_v to_o find_v a_o example_n thereof_o we_o neee_v go_v no_o further_o than_o some_o of_o our_o own_o form_n for_o whereas_o faith_n and_o truth_n especial_o as_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v word_n of_o the_o same_o signification_n and_o efficacy_n in_o asmuch_o as_o he_o who_o be_v void_a of_o truth_n be_v void_a of_o faith_n and_o he_o who_o be_v void_a of_o faith_n be_v void_a of_o truth_n also_o nevertheless_o our_o countryman_n through_o long_a use_n be_v possess_v with_o a_o opinion_n that_o he_o who_o say_v in_o faith_n swear_v and_o he_o who_o say_v in_o truth_n swear_v not_o as_o also_o that_o in_o truth_n be_v but_o a_o mere_a asseveration_n and_o by_o my_o troth_n a_o oath_n of_o which_o thing_n it_o be_v a_o folly_n to_o demand_v other_o reason_n then_o custom_n to_o who_o arbitrament_n belong_v the_o right_a the_o law_n the_o rule_n of_o tongue_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o he_o who_o while_o he_o look_v only_o at_o the_o form_n or_o force_v of_o the_o word_n take_v the_o liberty_n in_o common_a discourse_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o speech_n without_o discretion_n or_o scruple_n as_o have_v by_o long_o use_v obtain_v among_o we_o the_o force_n and_o estimation_n of_o oath_n violate_v the_o precept_n of_o christ_n against_o swear_v scandalize_v his_o brother_n and_o expose_v himself_o unto_o the_o danger_n of_o perjury_n sect_n ix_o the_o four_o and_o last_o trial_n whereby_o a_o oath_n may_v be_v know_v be_v the_o mind_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v for_o be_v it_o so_o that_o a_o form_n of_o speech_n appear_v not_o by_o the_o word_n themselves_o nor_o by_o the_o common_a estimation_n of_o man_n to_o be_v a_o oath_n nevertheless_o if_o a_o man_n use_v such_o a_o form_n either_o through_o mistake_n imagine_v himself_o to_o have_v swear_v or_o through_o some_o deceitful_a intention_n will_v be_v think_v to_o have_v swear_v that_o form_n though_o it_o be_v not_o real_o and_o in_o itself_o a_o oath_n will_v have_v nevertheless_o as_o to_o that_o man_n the_o full_a obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n to_o all_o effect_n and_o if_o he_o violate_v his_o faith_n so_o give_v he_o be_v guilty_a at_o the_o bar_n of_o conscience_n not_o only_o of_o falsehood_n but_o perjury_n for_o as_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o apostle_n he_o who_o esteem_v a_o thing_n common_a or_o impure_a which_o in_o itself_o be_v not_o impure_a make_v it_o nevertheless_o impure_a as_o to_o he_o and_o be_v bind_v to_o abstain_v from_o it_o as_o if_o it_o be_v real_o common_a and_o impure_a so_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o contrary_n he_o who_o esteem_v a_o thing_n holy_a which_o in_o itself_o be_v not_o holy_a make_v it_o nevertheless_o holy_a as_o to_o he_o and_o be_v bind_v to_o abstain_v from_o it_o as_o a_o thing_n real_o holy_a and_o if_o error_n in_o the_o understanding_n excuse_v not_o from_o obligation_n much_o less_o may_v deceitfulness_n in_o the_o will_n because_o it_o be_v most_o just_a that_o a_o impious_a and_o fraudulent_a man_n shall_v fall_v into_o the_o pit_n which_o he_o dig_v for_o his_o neighbour_n and_o that_o his_o foot_n shall_v be_v catch_v in_o the_o snare_n which_o he_o set_v for_o another_o sect_n x._o the_o use_n of_o the_o four_o trial_n which_o i_o have_v explain_v be_v this_o that_o to_o know_v when_o a_o question_n or_o scruple_n of_o conscience_n arise_v concern_v any_o form_n of_o speech_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o oath_n whether_o or_o no_o it_o be_v true_o and_o formal_o a_o oath_n and_o consequent_o contain_v the_o force_n of_o obligation_n recourse_n may_v present_o be_v have_v unto_o these_o trial_n and_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o the_o form_n make_v by_o they_o as_o diagnostic_n sign_n and_o that_o in_o the_o order_n which_o i_o have_v propose_v begin_n with_o the_o first_o and_o run_v through_o the_o rest_n as_o there_o shall_v be_v occasion_n that_o be_v except_z the_o examen_fw-la appear_v sufficient_o make_v by_o the_o way_n to_o show_v it_o to_o be_v a_o oath_n for_o that_o which_o be_v a_o oath_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v but_o a_o affirmation_n by_o the_o examination_n of_o some_o one_o mark_n but_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v to_o be_v a_o oath_n till_o the_o whole_a examen_fw-la be_v perfect_v through_o every_o mark_n the_o end_n of_o this_o examen_fw-la be_v two_o the_o one_o before_o the_o oath_n that_o a_o man_n may_v bethink_v himself_o whether_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o use_v such_o a_o form_n or_o no_o the_o other_o after_o the_o form_n use_v that_o he_o may_v understand_v how_o far_o he_o be_v oblige_v sect_n xi_o our_o discourse_n have_v be_v hitherto_o of_o such_o oath_n as_o be_v make_v by_o sign_n without_o word_n or_o of_o such_o as_o be_v make_v by_o word_n without_o sign_n we_o come_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o such_o as_o be_v compound_v of_o both_o now_o sign_n be_v join_v with_o word_n for_o the_o great_a either_o solemnity_n of_o the_o act_n or_o dignity_n of_o the_o person_n wherefore_o a_o four_o doubt_n be_v concern_v a_o solemn_a oath_n where_o the_o first_o case_n or_o first_o question_n be_v of_o the_o rite_n and_o ceremony_n use_v in_o solemn_a oath_n of_o the_o rite_n of_o the_o gentile_n many_o have_v write_v
oath_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v with_o a_o unsatisfied_a conscience_n sect_n i._o the_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n or_o tie_v wherewith_o he_o who_o swear_v bind_v his_o soul_n and_o whereof_o we_o have_v hitherto_o so_o large_o discourse_v be_v the_o task_n of_o this_o day_n and_o conclusion_n of_o the_o work_n propose_v of_o which_o solution_n before_o we_o descend_v unto_o the_o particular_a kind_n two_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o general_n first_o that_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n be_v proper_a unto_o a_o promissory_a oath_n and_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v at_o all_o with_o the_o assertory_n in_o every_o oath_n whether_o assertory_n or_o promissory_a there_o ought_v to_o be_v truth_n but_o with_o this_o difference_n in_o the_o assertory_n a_o single_a truth_n and_o for_o the_o present_a suffice_v where_o in_o the_o promissory_a a_o double_a truth_n be_v require_v one_o respect_v the_o present_a the_o other_o the_o future_a the_o present_a truth_n regard_v the_o act_n of_o swear_v and_o consist_v in_o this_o that_o the_o party_n swear_v say_v true_a when_o he_o swear_v that_o be_v that_o his_o mind_n agree_v with_o his_o word_n and_o that_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o hold_v unto_o that_o which_o he_o promise_v which_o act_n of_o swear_v in_o the_o promissory_a whole_o agree_v as_o to_o the_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n with_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v in_o the_o assertory_n for_o the_o matter_n of_o that_o truth_n in_o either_o act_n see_v it_o regard_v the_o time_n present_a pass_v as_o it_o be_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o immutable_a necessity_n in_o as_o much_o as_o a_o oath_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v make_v may_v instant_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v true_a or_o false_a which_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n when_o the_o act_n have_v once_o pass_v be_v as_o impossible_a to_o be_v alter_v as_o it_o be_v to_o make_v a_o fact_n to_o have_v be_v no_o fact_n that_o obligation_n therefore_o whereby_o the_o party_n swear_v be_v bind_v for_o the_o present_a to_o say_v truth_n fall_v upon_o the_o act_n itself_o of_o swear_v and_o be_v inseparable_o conjoin_v with_o that_o act_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n can_v be_v loose_v nor_o separate_v from_o the_o oath_n and_o of_o a_o assertory_n oath_n except_o this_o for_o the_o present_a there_o be_v no_o further_a obligation_n because_o the_o matter_n thereof_o be_v some_o fact_n past_a or_o present_a but_o in_o a_o promissory_a oath_n the_o matter_n whereof_o be_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v perform_v for_o the_o future_a another_o truth_n be_v also_o require_v for_o the_o future_a which_o regard_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o oath_n and_o consist_v in_o this_o that_o the_o party_n swear_v make_v that_o which_o he_o have_v promise_v to_o be_v true_a that_o be_v that_o he_o fulfil_v his_o promise_n now_o see_v the_o matter_n of_o a_o promissory_a oath_n to_o wit_n thing_n to_o be_v perform_v for_o the_o future_a be_v through_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o future_a event_n obnoxious_a to_o manifold_a change_n and_o alteration_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o obligation_n which_o fall_v upon_o that_o matter_n and_o whereby_o the_o party_n swear_v be_v bind_v in_o future_a to_o fulfil_v his_o promise_n be_v mutable_a and_o separable_a from_o the_o oath_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v solution_n of_o the_o bond._n from_o whence_o also_o follow_v that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o second_o place_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n in_o a_o promissory_a oath_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v in_o relation_n unto_o the_o former_a obligation_n which_o arise_v from_o truth_n for_o the_o present_a and_o be_v common_a with_o this_o and_o the_o assertory_n oath_n but_o aught_o to_o be_v understand_v only_o in_o relation_n unto_o the_o late_a obligation_n which_o arise_v from_o truth_n for_o the_o future_a which_o be_v proper_a and_o peculiar_a unto_o this_o that_o be_v to_o say_v every_o person_n swear_v promissory_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la and_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v be_v simple_o and_o indissoluble_o oblige_v in_o present_a to_o intend_v faithful_o and_o from_o his_o heart_n to_o effect_v that_o afterward_o which_o he_o promise_v but_o have_v swear_v it_o may_v come_v many_o way_n to_o pass_v that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v bind_v for_o the_o future_a to_o fulfil_v that_o afterward_o which_o he_o former_o promise_v and_o intend_v in_o a_o word_n thus_o he_o be_v always_o forswear_v who_o intend_v not_o that_o which_o he_o promise_v but_o he_o be_v not_o always_o forswear_a who_o perform_v not_o that_o which_o he_o promise_v sect_n ii_o now_o that_o a_o thing_n promise_v may_v nevertheless_o lawful_o and_o without_o danger_n of_o perjury_n or_o other_o sin_n not_o be_v perform_v must_v necessary_o happen_v one_o of_o these_o two_o way_n either_o that_o there_o be_v no_o obligation_n from_o the_o beginning_n or_o that_o it_o be_v by_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n since_o take_v away_o if_o the_o thing_n promise_v be_v when_o it_o be_v swear_v either_o impossible_a or_o unlawful_a the_o oath_n take_v unto_o the_o same_o impose_v no_o obligation_n nor_o need_v solution_n but_o penitence_n for_o as_o much_o as_o in_o so_o swear_v grievous_a sin_n be_v contract_v but_o no_o bond_n for_o we_o have_v already_o show_v that_o impossible_a thing_n and_o unlawful_a thing_n be_v in_o no_o wise_a obligatory_a wherefore_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n suppose_v antecedent_n obligation_n and_o imply_v that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v afterward_o so_o take_v away_o or_o at_o the_o least_o obstruct_a that_o he_o who_o be_v former_o bind_v up_o so_o close_o with_o the_o bond_n of_o his_o oath_n that_o he_o may_v not_o under_o pain_n of_o perjury_n do_v otherwise_o then_o he_o have_v promise_v be_v now_o no_o far_o bind_v unto_o the_o performance_n of_o his_o promise_n the_o business_n therefore_o now_o in_o hand_n be_v to_o find_v out_o a_o certain_a reason_n whereupon_o he_o who_o have_v oblige_v himself_o by_o the_o bond_n of_o a_o oath_n unto_o the_o performance_n of_o a_o thing_n may_v rest_v secure_a in_o his_o conscience_n that_o he_o be_v deliver_v from_o that_o bond_n and_o no_o far_o bind_v unto_o the_o performance_n of_o that_o promise_n to_o which_o solution_n those_o five_o way_n common_o assign_v we_o shall_v examine_v in_o their_o order_n sect_n iii_o the_o first_o case_n be_v of_o the_o dispensability_n of_o a_o oath_n whether_o and_o in_o what_o the_o dispensation_n of_o a_o superior_a may_v take_v away_o the_o obligation_n thereof_o dispensation_n as_o the_o word_n be_v common_o take_v signify_v exemption_n of_o a_o person_n from_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o law_n grant_v by_o special_a favour_n of_o he_o who_o be_v in_o authority_n as_o if_o a_o man_n who_o be_v subject_a to_o any_o law_n shall_v by_o especial_a grace_n of_o his_o prince_n be_v exempt_v from_o obedience_n unto_o that_o law_n as_o we_o see_v daily_o practise_v in_o university_n where_o upon_o reasonable_a ground_n dispensation_n be_v usual_o grant_v unto_o particular_a person_n whereby_o they_o be_v in_o some_o thing_n free_v from_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o statute_n now_o the_o right_n of_o dispensation_n be_v found_v upon_o that_o equity_n which_o require_v that_o sometime_o the_o rigour_n of_o law_n be_v in_o some_o thing_n remit_v to_o the_o end_n that_o equity_n may_v not_o be_v exclude_v for_o see_v law_n be_v of_o necessity_n make_v in_o general_a term_n and_o have_v regard_n unto_o that_o which_o be_v common_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n good_a and_o profitable_a for_o the_o public_a which_o nevertheless_o pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la may_v happen_v to_o be_v unprofitable_a or_o at_o the_o least_o less_o convenient_a it_o therefore_o seem_v good_a where_o that_o which_o be_v establish_v by_o law_n appear_v to_o be_v exceed_o burdensome_a or_o inconvenient_a to_o some_o private_a person_n and_o the_o public_a to_o receive_v no_o great_a detriment_n by_o the_o omission_n thereof_o that_o the_o prince_n or_o other_o legitimate_a superior_a shall_v have_v power_n to_o determine_v that_o the_o law_n in_o such_o case_n be_v not_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o in_o law_n we_o call_v dispensation_n now_o what_o power_n be_v in_o secular_a prince_n to_o dispense_v with_o their_o law_n the_o same_o do_v the_o pope_n of_o rome_n arrogate_v to_o themselves_o in_o dispense_n with_o vow_n and_o oath_n who_o impudence_n in_o this_o kind_n while_o they_o absolve_v subject_n of_o their_o allegiance_n to_o king_n incumbent_a league_n and_o contract_n make_v by_o prince_n untie_v the_o straight_a knot_n of_o vow_n and_o oath_n by_o commutation_n relaxation_n dispensation_n contrary_a command_n or_o other_o artifices_fw-la at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o for_o their_o profit_n i_o can_v wish_v some_o who_o
they_o think_v themselves_o bind_v to_o quit_v themselves_o of_o their_o faith_n engage_v by_o performance_n of_o the_o same_o the_o second_o that_o unl_n esse_fw-la corrupt_a affection_n be_v vigorous_o withstand_v that_o spark_n which_o be_v leave_v in_o we_o of_o natural_a light_n will_v go_v near_o to_o be_v altogether_o extinguish_v by_o they_o or_o so_o rake_v up_o in_o that_o heap_n that_o we_o shall_v rather_o give_v our_o mind_n artificial_o to_o palliate_v then_o sincere_o to_o avoid_v perjury_n three_o that_o he_o who_o desire_v to_o keep_v himself_o free_a from_o all_o spot_n of_o perjury_n must_v diligent_o ponder_v every_o word_n in_o its_o own_o strength_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o oath_n which_o he_o be_v to_o take_v that_o if_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v keep_v it_o may_v not_o be_v take_v or_o if_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v take_v it_o may_v be_v fulfil_v without_o deceit_n or_o simulation_n for_o unadvised_o to_o chap_v up_o holy_a thing_n be_v impious_a and_o too_o late_o when_o they_o be_v once_o swallow_v to_o chew_v they_o and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o first_o doubt_n which_o amount_v unto_o this_o sum_n that_o the_o word_n of_o a_o oath_n where_o they_o be_v so_o clear_a in_o themselves_o that_o among_o honest_a man_n there_o can_v be_v no_o question_n of_o their_o meaning_n the_o party_n swear_v be_v oblige_v in_o that_o sense_n which_o they_o apparent_o afford_v and_o may_v not_o either_o in_o swear_v or_o when_o he_o have_v swear_v stretch_v those_o word_n upon_o the_o last_o of_o his_o interest_n by_o any_o study_a interpretation_n sect_n viii_o the_o second_o doubt_n be_v where_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n be_v in_o question_n and_o the_o case_n be_v three_o the_o first_o of_o spontaneous_a oath_n as_o in_o promise_n proceed_v from_o the_o mere_a motion_n of_o good_a will_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n rather_o than_o duty_n of_o right_n or_o respect_n the_o common_a and_o true_a answer_n be_v that_o these_o promise_n be_v to_o be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v because_o every_o man_n be_v the_o best_a interpreter_n of_o himself_o for_o example_n if_o any_o of_o we_o shall_v bind_v ourselves_o by_o a_o vow_n or_o promise_n to_o give_v unto_o the_o poor_a of_o a_o village_n or_o collector_n for_o they_o ten_o shilling_n a_o month_n if_o the_o poor_a see_v month_n as_o we_o use_v it_o be_v a_o ambiguous_a word_n shall_v by_o the_o promise_n pretend_v unto_o the_o first_o pension_n upon_o the_o 28._o day_n of_o january_n and_o so_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o month_n upon_o the_o same_o day_n take_v a_o month_n for_o the_o space_n of_o four_o week_n which_o be_v one_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n and_o he_o on_o the_o other_o side_n shall_v say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o due_a till_o the_o last_o of_o january_n and_o so_o forth_o take_v month_n for_o the_o twelve_o part_n of_o a_o year_n according_a to_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o year_n in_o the_o calendar_n which_o be_v another_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n it_o be_v most_o just_a that_o the_o ambiguity_n shall_v be_v interpret_v rather_o in_o his_o sense_n then_o they_o because_o that_o pension_n be_v not_o due_a in_o justice_n and_o before_o the_o promise_n but_o in_o charity_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o free_a promise_n without_o agreement_n or_o contract_n and_o of_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n ought_v these_o word_n to_o be_v understand_v which_o be_v cite_v in_o the_o gloss_n upon_o the_o canon_n law_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o god_n take_v not_o the_o oath_n as_o he_o unto_o who_o it_o be_v swear_v but_o as_o he_o who_o swear_v understand_v the_o same_o but_o that_o this_o may_v right_o be_v apprehend_v two_o thing_n be_v observable_a one_o that_o it_o hold_v especial_o in_o spontaneous_a oath_n and_o promise_n for_o in_o such_o as_o be_v require_v the_o reason_n differ_v as_o shall_v be_v say_v anon_o the_o other_o that_o the_o party_n swear_v be_v in_o the_o present_a case_n oblige_v to_o hold_v unto_o his_o promise_n in_o that_o sense_n which_o he_o either_o real_o intend_v when_o he_o swear_v or_o be_v willing_a the_o auditor_n shall_v believe_v and_o not_o in_o any_o which_o he_o shall_v please_v afterward_o to_o impose_v for_o god_n who_o behold_v the_o heart_n be_v not_o delude_v by_o word_n nor_o ought_v the_o intention_n to_o serve_v the_o word_n but_o the_o word_n the_o intention_n sect_n ix_o the_o second_o case_n be_v of_o oath_n and_o promise_n which_o be_v offer_v unto_o or_o require_v of_o the_o party_n swear_v whether_o of_o right_n or_o under_o pretence_n of_o right_n such_o especial_o as_o ruler_n of_o authority_n command_v their_o subject_n or_o law_n ordain_v as_o with_o we_o those_o of_o supremacy_n and_o allegiance_n those_o which_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o university_n require_v of_o graduate_n and_o the_o like_a also_o those_o which_o either_o party_n in_o lawful_a covenant_n demand_v of_o the_o other_o or_o be_v use_v in_o bargain_n league_n and_o other_o mutual_a contract_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o mutual_a faith_n for_o answer_v in_o this_o case_n i_o say_v that_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n ought_v regular_o to_o be_v understand_v in_o that_o sense_n which_o the_o party_n unto_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v seem_v probable_o to_o intend_v so_o that_o the_o party_n swear_v be_v bind_v under_o pain_n of_o perjury_n to_o fulfil_v his_o promise_n if_o it_o be_v lawful_a and_o honest_a according_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o deferent_a the_o word_n be_v understand_v according_a to_o the_o mind_n and_o intention_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v say_v the_o lawyer_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n be_v take_v to_o the_o end_n he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v swear_v may_v by_o interposition_n of_o the_o same_o be_v assure_v that_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v shall_v be_v perform_v unto_o he_o but_o he_o will_v be_v no_o whâ—t_n the_o more_o assure_v of_o that_o performance_n if_o the_o word_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v and_o not_o according_a to_o his_o own_o sense_n for_o there_o be_v a_o different_a nature_n of_o obligation_n where_o debt_n be_v claim_v by_o promise_n and_o where_o promise_n be_v claim_v by_o debt_n god_n himself_o who_o be_v by_o law_n no_o man_n debtor_n make_v himself_o through_o his_o free_a promise_n our_o debtor_n and_o he_o who_o oblige_v himself_o by_o a_o voluntary_a vow_n oath_n or_o promise_v unto_o any_o deed_n of_o charity_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la contract_v debt_n but_o because_o this_o debt_n be_v not_o found_v upon_o his_o right_n unto_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v but_o flow_v mere_o from_o the_o free_a act_n of_o the_o party_n promise_v it_o be_v most_o just_a that_o he_o shall_v be_v his_o own_o interpreter_n who_o be_v most_o concern_v to_o know_v how_o much_o how_o far_o and_o in_o what_o sense_n he_o intend_v to_o oblige_v himself_o on_o the_o other_o side_n where_o the_o promise_n be_v found_v upon_o some_o antecedent_n right_a either_o that_o of_o subjection_n and_o duty_n by_o superior_a authority_n or_o of_o justice_n and_o contract_n by_o agreement_n between_o party_n because_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v have_v right_a to_o inquire_v the_o same_o and_o be_v most_o concern_v that_o it_o be_v faithful_o perform_v reason_n require_v that_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o promise_n shall_v rather_o be_v judge_v according_a to_o his_o mind_n and_o interpretation_n then_o by_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o party_n promise_v sect_n x._o the_o three_o case_n be_v where_o the_o deferent_a offer_v a_o oath_n of_o ambiguous_a sense_n desire_v only_o that_o the_o word_n be_v swear_v leave_v it_o unto_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v to_o take_v they_o in_o what_o sense_n he_o please_v i_o say_v it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v suspect_v that_o some_o deceit_n be_v couch_v in_o they_o and_o that_o a_o pious_a prudent_a man_n ought_v therefore_o to_o refuse_v a_o oath_n proffer_v upon_o such_o condition_n which_o i_o shall_v make_v good_a by_o a_o threefold_a proof_n first_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o oath_n it_o selt_z in_o which_o the_o first_o thing_n require_v be_v truth_n for_o a_o speech_n of_o indefinite_a and_o ambiguous_a sense_n before_o it_o be_v distinguish_v be_v no_o true_a proposition_n indeed_o no_o proposition_n see_v a_o proposition_n as_o by_o the_o definition_n thereof_o be_v know_v even_o to_o child_n aught_o to_o signify_v a_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n without_o ambiguity_n second_o in_o regard_n of_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v swear_v for_o the_o proper_a end_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v that_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v make_v may_v have_v
some_o assurance_n of_o that_o which_o before_o be_v uncertain_a but_o what_o certainty_n can_v be_v have_v in_o word_n of_o a_o uncertain_a sense_n three_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v who_o if_o he_o take_v the_o oath_n upon_o that_o condition_n prepare_v either_o scandal_n for_o his_o neighbour_n or_o a_o snare_n for_o himself_o for_o this_o kind_n of_o covin_z can_v be_v imagine_v to_o have_v other_o drift_n then_o either_o that_o other_o may_v be_v draw_v by_o our_o example_n though_o against_o their_o conscience_n to_o take_v the_o same_o oath_n which_o be_v to_o give_v scandal_n unto_o our_o neighbour_n or_o that_o something_o else_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o oath_n may_v afterward_o be_v require_v of_o we_o which_o be_v either_o unlawful_a or_o inconvenient_a and_o that_o be_v to_o set_v a_o snare_n for_o ourselves_o wherefore_o let_v a_o prudent_a man_n beware_v how_o he_o suffer_v himself_o thus_o to_o be_v impose_v upon_o or_o esteem_v the_o fear_n or_o favour_n of_o any_o at_o that_o rate_n to_o swallow_v the_o bait_n wherein_o he_o know_v certain_o there_o be_v a_o hook_n assure_o that_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v may_v be_v due_o perform_v it_o be_v expedient_a the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n be_v most_o clear_o agreeed_o upon_o by_o all_o the_o interest_v party_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v liquido_fw-la jurare_fw-la scis_fw-la tamen_fw-la &_o liquido_fw-la juratus_fw-la dicere_fw-la possess_n and_o it_o appear_v by_o a_o old_a form_n the_o deferent_a when_o he_o offer_v a_o oath_n to_o the_o party_n about_o to_o swear_v be_v wont_a to_o say_v qua_fw-la de_fw-la repeto_fw-la liquido_fw-la jure_v sect_n xi_o but_o enough_o of_o these_o i_o come_v to_o the_o three_o doubt_n which_o be_v of_o the_o sense_n of_o a_o oath_n according_a to_o the_o latitude_n or_o extent_n of_o the_o same_o that_o be_v whether_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n be_v and_o how_o far_o it_o be_v to_o be_v measure_v by_o the_o scope_n the_o first_o case_n be_v where_o the_o cause_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v particular_a yet_o the_o word_n be_v general_a for_o example_n papal_a usurpation_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o oath_n of_o royal_a supremacy_n he_o arrogate_a unto_o himself_o the_o exercise_n of_o supreme_a jurisdiction_n in_o spiritualibus_fw-la throughout_o this_o kingdom_n i_o answer_v such_o a_o oath_n be_v obligatory_a according_a to_o the_o express_a word_n in_o the_o utmost_a latitude_n the_o reason_n be_v that_o the_o intention_n of_o a_o law_n though_o make_v upon_o particular_a occasion_n be_v general_a to_o provide_v against_o all_o future_a inconvenience_n of_o the_o like_a kind_n or_o nature_n and_o therefore_o albeit_o in_o the_o preamble_n of_o a_o law_n particular_a mention_n be_v often_o make_v of_o that_o grievance_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o enact_v the_o same_o yet_o those_o word_n wherein_o the_o law_n be_v contain_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n general_a which_o be_v do_v industrious_o and_o on_o purpose_n by_o lawgiver_n that_o other_o thing_n of_o like_a nature_n may_v fall_v within_o their_o comprehension_n wherefore_o as_o lawyer_n take_v their_o responsal_n upon_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n not_o from_o the_o preamble_n but_o body_n of_o the_o statute_n so_o of_o the_o right_a interpretation_n of_o a_o oath_n ought_v judgement_n to_o be_v make_v not_o from_o the_o preface_n but_o from_o the_o body_n of_o a_o oath_n sect_n xii_o the_o second_o case_n be_v how_o far_o a_o oath_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v with_o some_o condition_n i_o answer_v brief_o first_o if_o the_o word_n contain_v a_o express_a condition_n the_o party_n swear_v be_v not_o bind_v till_o the_o condition_n be_v perform_v as_o if_o caius_n promise_v titius_n a_o hundred_o crown_n to_o morrow_n if_o titius_n give_v he_o this_o day_n possession_n of_o such_o or_o such_o land_n the_o possession_n not_o give_v caius_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o his_o promise_n second_o if_o there_o be_v no_o express_a condition_n yet_o all_o those_o condition_n and_o exception_n which_o be_v presume_v by_o law_n and_o common_a custom_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v as_o i_o will_v do_v this_o or_o that_o if_o god_n permit_v if_o it_o be_v not_o against_o the_o right_n of_o another_o if_o thing_n remain_v as_o now_o they_o stand_v if_o i_o be_v able_a if_o be_v it_o lawful_a etc._n etc._n as_o be_v say_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o explanation_n of_o the_o second_o hypothesis_n sect_n xiii_o the_o three_o case_n be_v of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o intention_n for_o the_o seem_v to_o have_v fulfil_v his_o oath_n who_o do_v according_a to_o that_o which_o he_o intend_v in_o the_o second_o intention_n which_o be_v the_o end_n although_o he_o perform_v it_o not_o according_a to_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o word_n which_o contain_v the_o first_o intention_n only_o or_o mean_n for_o example_n if_o a_o man_n engage_v himself_o by_o vow_n oath_n or_o promise_n to_o allow_v ten_o shilling_n a_o month_n to_o the_o poor_a of_o such_o a_o parish_n and_o in_o january_n and_o february_n give_v nothing_o but_o in_o march_n send_v they_o thirty_o shilling_n i_o answer_v that_o if_o the_o party_n swear_v intend_v to_o oblige_v himself_o unto_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o thing_n only_o and_o not_o unto_o the_o circumstance_n and_o manner_n of_o it_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v unto_o that_o way_n which_o the_o word_n seem_v to_o insinuate_v whence_o in_o the_o example_n propound_v if_o he_o have_v pay_v a_o whole_a three_o month_n pension_n in_o the_o first_o month_n doubtless_o he_o have_v perform_v his_o promise_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v that_o by_o accident_n and_o consequence_n he_o may_v become_v oblige_v even_o unto_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o thing_n because_o every_o man_n be_v oblige_v caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o impediment_n in_o doubtful_a matter_n to_o choose_v that_o which_o be_v safe_a as_o in_o the_o example_n propose_v it_o be_v safe_a to_o pay_v the_o pension_n in_o the_o manner_n promise_v that_o be_v rather_o every_o month_n ten_o then_o in_o the_o three_o thirty_o both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o danger_n of_o sudden_a death_n and_o uncertain_a event_n and_o to_o avoid_v those_o scruple_n which_o may_v arise_v even_o from_o neglect_a circumstance_n i_o shall_v therefore_o advise_v a_o pious_a man_n that_o he_o be_v careful_a to_o fulfil_v every_o of_o his_o vow_n oath_n promise_n according_a unto_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o word_n and_o of_o his_o intention_n as_o far_o as_o convenient_o he_o may_v even_o to_o the_o slight_a circumstance_n lest_o through_o contempt_n of_o small_a matter_n he_o create_v scruple_n unto_o himself_o or_o by_o degree_n get_v such_o a_o habit_n as_o may_v cause_v he_o to_o contemn_v great_a but_o however_o unto_o one_o thing_n i_o exhort_v all_o and_o it_o be_v the_o sum_n and_o top-stone_n of_o this_o whole_a discourse_n concern_v the_o sense_n and_o interpretation_n of_o oath_n that_o above_o all_o they_o be_v watchful_a lest_o they_o be_v too_o indulgent_a unto_o themselves_o in_o this_o business_n or_o while_o they_o pamper_v their_o own_o desire_n weaken_v the_o bond_n of_o a_o oath_n with_o over_o mild_a and_o loose_a interpretation_n and_o so_o expose_v themselves_o unto_o the_o danger_n of_o perjury_n and_o thus_o muâ—h_n shall_v suffice_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o formal_a cause_n sect_n fourteen_o there_o remain_v a_o little_a to_o be_v say_v of_o the_o final_a cause_n the_o first_o doubt_n be_v when_o a_o thing_n lawful_a in_o itself_o be_v promise_v with_o a_o ill_a intention_n or_o to_o a_o ill_a end_n first_o i_o say_v it_o be_v simple_o unlawful_a to_o promise_v any_o thing_n though_o lawful_a with_o a_o evil_a intention_n or_o to_o a_o evil_a end_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o as_o one_o defect_n in_o any_o humane_a action_n be_v enough_o to_o render_v the_o whole_a action_n evil_a for_o good_a be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o entire_a cause_n evil_a of_o a_o partial_a so_o especial_o a_o defect_n derogate_a from_o the_o end_n which_o hold_v the_o principal_a place_n in_o moral_a thing_n at_o which_o that_o speech_n of_o our_o saviour_n be_v think_v to_o aim_n but_o if_o thy_o eye_n be_v evil_a thy_o whole_a body_n shall_v be_v full_a of_o darkness_n second_o i_o say_v if_o any_o man_n shall_v have_v swear_v any_o thing_n unto_o another_o for_o a_o dishonest_a end_n yet_o without_o any_o dishonest_a condition_n to_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o party_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o fulfil_v the_o promise_n if_o a_o man_n promise_v a_o woman_n a_o jewel_n intend_v with_o himself_o to_o engage_v she_o by_o that_o token_n unto_o immodest_a love_n nevertheless_o without_o show_n of_o any_o unchaste_a condition_n he_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o promise_n the_o reason_n of_o each_o be_v because_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o give_v a_o jewel_n