of_o they_o for_o her_o husband_n and_o indulge_v themselves_o in_o all_o these_o violence_n so_o much_o the_o more_o because_o they_o be_v persuade_v he_o will_v never_o return_v but_o at_o last_o he_o return_v and_o discover_v himself_o to_o his_o son_n and_o some_o other_o who_o have_v continue_v loyal_a to_o he_o he_o be_v a_o eye-witness_n of_o the_o insolence_n of_o his_o enemy_n punish_v they_o according_a to_o their_o desert_n and_o restore_v to_o his_o island_n that_o tranquillity_n and_o repose_n which_o they_o have_v be_v stranger_n to_o during_o his_o absence_n as_o the_o truth_n which_o serve_v as_o a_o foundation_n to_o this_o fiction_n and_o which_o with_o it_o make_v the_o fable_n be_v that_o the_o absence_n of_o a_o person_n from_o his_o own_o home_n or_o who_o have_v not_o a_o eye_n to_o what_o be_v do_v there_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a disorder_n so_o the_o principal_a action_n and_o the_o most_o essential_a one_o be_v the_o absence_n of_o the_o hero_n this_o 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be_v as_o so_o many_o part_n and_o natural_a consequence_n of_o the_o fundamental_a truth_n and_o which_o the_o poet_n very_o dexterous_o lay_v down_o in_o those_o fiction_n which_o be_v the_o episodes_n and_o member_n of_o the_o entire_a action_n such_o for_o instance_n be_v these_o advice_n not_o to_o intrude_v one_o self_n into_o the_o mystery_n of_o government_n which_o the_o prince_n keep_v secret_a to_o himself_o this_o be_v represent_v to_o we_o by_o the_o wind_n shut_v up_o in_o a_o bullhide_n which_o the_o miserable_a companion_n of_o ulysses_n must_v needs_o be_v so_o foolish_a as_o to_o pry_v into_o not_o to_o suffer_v one_o self_n to_o be_v lead_v away_o by_o the_o seem_a charm_n of_o a_o idle_a and_o lazy_a life_n to_o which_o the_o hor._n siren_n song_n invite_v man_n not_o to_o suffer_v one_o self_n to_o be_v sensualize_v by_o pleasure_n like_o those_o who_o be_v change_v into_o brute_n by_o circe_n and_o a_o great_a many_o other_o point_n of_o morality_n necessary_a 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pompey_n and_o the_o alexander_n of_o the_o age._n the_o commonalty_n be_v as_o subject_a as_o the_o grandee_n to_o lose_v their_o estate_n and_o ruin_v their_o family_n by_o anger_n and_o division_n by_o negligence_n and_o want_n of_o take_v care_n of_o their_o business_n they_o stand_v in_o as_o much_o need_n of_o homer_n lesson_n as_o king_n they_o be_v as_o capable_a of_o profit_v thereby_o and_o it_o be_v as_o well_o for_o the_o small_a as_o the_o great_a that_o the_o morality_n of_o the_o school_n that_o of_o the_o fable_n and_o that_o of_o the_o chair_n deliver_v those_o truth_n we_o have_v be_v just_a speak_v of_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o fable_n of_o the_o aeneid_n in_o the_o fable_n of_o the_o aeneid_n we_o be_v not_o to_o expect_v that_o simplicity_n which_o aristotle_n esteem_v so_o divine_a in_o homer_n but_o though_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n envy_v the_o poet_n this_o glory_n yet_o the_o vast_a extent_n of_o the_o matter_n it_o furnish_v he_o with_o 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into_o he_o as_o well_o as_o his_o successor_n the_o same_o spirit_n and_o conduct_n which_o have_v raise_v this_o empire_n to_o such_o a_o grandeur_n a_o very_a expert_a roman_a and_o a_o great_a politician_n no_o less_o than_o offic_n cicero_n himself_o inform_v we_o that_o good_a humour_n and_o humanity_n be_v so_o far_o essential_a to_o this_o state_n that_o it_o be_v predominant_a even_o in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o war_n and_o that_o nothing_o but_o a_o absolute_a necessity_n can_v put_v a_o stop_n to_o its_o good_a effect_n and_o he_o add_v that_o when_o this_o conduct_n be_v lose_v and_o this_o genius_n which_o give_v life_n to_o the_o state_n be_v go_v there_o be_v nothing_o leave_v but_o bare_a wall_n and_o what_o in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n may_v be_v term_v a_o dead_a carcase_n in_o short_a he_o show_v the_o advantage_n which_o a_o mild_a and_o moderate_a government_n have_v over_o a_o cruel_a and_o severe_a conduct_n which_o inspire_v man_n with_o nothing_o but_o a_o slavish_a fear_n this_o then_o be_v the_o instruction_n virgil_n will_v give_v the_o roman_a emperor_n who_o begin_v in_o the_o person_n of_o augustus_n to_o be_v settle_v upon_o the_o throne_n this_o instruction_n have_v two_o part_n as_o each_o of_o homer_n have_v the_o first_o comprehend_v the_o misfortune_n which_o attend_v a_o tyrannical_a and_o violent_a reign_n and_o the_o second_o the_o happiness_n which_o be_v the_o consequence_n of_o a_o mild_a government_n homer_n have_v place_v both_o the_o part_n of_o each_o fable_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n achilles_n at_o first_o be_v at_o variance_n with_o the_o confederate_n and_o afterward_o be_v reconcile_v to_o they_o ulysses_n be_v absent_a from_o home_n and_o at_o last_o return_v thither_o and_o in_o all_o this_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o difficulty_n but_o virgil_n
can_v not_o represent_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n a_o hero_n who_o by_o his_o violence_n and_o impiety_n be_v the_o ruin_n of_o his_o country_n and_o who_o afterward_o by_o his_o piety_n and_o justice_n restore_v it_o to_o its_o former_a glory_n this_o inequality_n of_o manner_n and_o conduct_n will_v have_v be_v intolerable_a and_o especial_o in_o that_o brevity_n which_o the_o recital_n of_o a_o epic_a poem_n require_v beside_o such_o a_o sudden_a change_n be_v never_o to_o be_v rely_v on_o man_n will_v think_v it_o hypocritical_a and_o fear_v a_o very_a quick_a return_n of_o the_o old_a tyranny_n the_o poet_n than_o be_v oblige_v to_o make_v use_n of_o two_o different_a personage_n to_o maintain_v the_o two_o part_n of_o his_o exemplary_a instruction_n beside_o several_a weighty_a reason_n do_v indispensible_o oblige_v he_o to_o put_v humanity_n and_o good-nature_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o hero_n and_o to_o make_v piety_n his_o predominant_a quality_n and_o the_o very_a soul_n of_o all_o his_o virtue_n one_o of_o these_o great_a reason_n be_v the_o desire_n and_o necessity_n he_o lie_v under_o of_o please_v his_o chief_a auditor_n who_o alone_o be_v more_o considerable_a than_o all_o the_o rest_n augustus_n caesar_n do_v nothing_o to_o settle_v himself_o upon_o the_o throne_n but_o what_o his_o piety_n put_v he_o upon_o undertake_v or_o at_o least_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n the_o world_n shall_v think_v so_o this_o be_v the_o judgement_n which_o the_o most_o prudent_a past_a upon_o he_o even_o after_o he_o be_v dead_a when_o he_o be_v no_o long_o the_o subject_n of_o man_n flattery_n or_o their_o fear_n this_o 1._o cornelius_n tacitus_n inform_v we_o of_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o poet_n speak_v thus_o of_o the_o new_a establishment_n be_v owe_v to_o the_o subject_n of_o augustus_n who_o make_v up_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o audience_n and_o the_o second_o object_n of_o his_o morality_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o make_v they_o lay_v aside_o the_o old_a antipathy_n they_o have_v to_o monarchy_n to_o convince_v they_o of_o the_o justice_n and_o the_o legal_a prerogative_n of_o augustus_n to_o divert_v they_o from_o so_o much_o desire_v to_o oppose_v his_o design_n and_o to_o raise_v in_o they_o a_o love_n and_o veneration_n for_o this_o prince_n religion_n have_v always_o have_v a_o most_o powerful_a influence_n over_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o vulgar_a the_o first_o roman_a king_n and_o the_o new_a emperor_n make_v use_v thereof_o by_o join_v the_o sacerdotal_a to_o the_o regal_a office_n the_o poet_n likewise_o use_v his_o utmost_a care_n in_o search_v for_o all_o the_o advantage_n he_o can_v derive_v from_o thence_o by_o make_v it_o the_o chief_a foundation_n of_o his_o whole_a design_n he_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o great_a revolution_n which_o happen_v in_o state_n be_v bring_v about_o by_o the_o appointment_n and_o will_n of_o god_n that_o those_o who_o oppose_v they_o be_v impious_a and_o have_v be_v punish_v according_a to_o their_o demerit_n for_o heaven_n never_o fail_v to_o protect_v the_o hero_n it_o make_v choice_n of_o to_o carry_v on_o and_o execute_v its_o great_a design_n this_o maxim_n serve_v for_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o aeneid_n and_o be_v that_o first_o part_n of_o the_o fable_n which_o we_o call_v the_o truth_n beside_o the_o poet_n be_v oblige_v to_o represent_v his_o hero_n free_a from_o all_o manner_n of_o violence_n and_o elect_a king_n by_o brave_a and_o generous_a people_n who_o think_v it_o a_o honour_n to_o obey_v he_o though_o they_o may_v lawful_o have_v be_v their_o own_o sovereign_n and_o have_v choose_v what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v in_o short_a it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o cause_n like_o that_o of_o augustus_n shall_v have_v be_v ground_v upon_o the_o right_n of_o war._n in_o a_o word_n the_o hero_n shall_v have_v be_v like_o augustus_n a_o new_a monarch_n the_o founder_n of_o a_o empire_n a_o lawgiver_n a_o pontifex_n and_o a_o great_a commander_n the_o necessity_n of_o reduce_v all_o these_o thing_n into_o one_o body_n and_o under_o the_o allegory_n of_o a_o single_a action_n make_v it_o appear_v how_o great_a a_o difference_n there_o be_v between_o the_o design_n of_o homer_n and_o that_o of_o virgil_n and_o that_o if_o the_o latin_a poet_n do_v imitate_v the_o greek_a yet_o the_o applicaaion_n of_o it_o be_v so_o remote_a and_o difficult_a that_o it_o shall_v never_o make_v his_o poem_n pass_v for_o a_o new_a copy_n nor_o rob_v he_o of_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o invention_n let_v we_o see_v then_o the_o collection_n which_o virgil_n have_v make_v of_o all_o these_o matter_n and_o the_o general_a fiction_n which_o together_o with_o the_o truth_n it_o disguise_n make_v up_o the_o fable_n and_o life_n of_o the_o poem_n the_o god_n preserve_v a_o prince_n amid_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o mighty_a state_n and_o make_v choice_n of_o he_o to_o be_v the_o maintainer_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o the_o establisher_n of_o a_o more_o great_a and_o glorious_a empire_n than_o the_o first_o this_o very_a hero_n be_v likewise_o elect_a king_n by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o those_o who_o have_v escape_v the_o universal_a wrack_n of_o that_o kingdom_n he_o conduct_n they_o through_o territory_n from_o whence_o his_o ancestor_n come_v and_o by_o the_o way_n instruct_v himself_o in_o all_o that_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o king_n a_o priest_n and_o the_o founder_n of_o a_o monarchy_n he_o arrive_v and_o likewise_o find_v in_o this_o new_a country_n the_o god_n and_o man_n dispose_v to_o entertain_v he_o and_o to_o allow_v he_o subject_n and_o territory_n but_o a_o neighbour_a prince_n blind_v by_o ambition_n and_o jealousy_n can_v not_o see_v the_o justice_n and_o the_o order_n of_o heaven_n but_o oppose_v his_o establishment_n and_o be_v assist_v by_o the_o valour_n of_o a_o king_n who_o cruelty_n and_o impiety_n have_v divest_v he_o of_o his_o state_n this_o opposition_n and_o the_o war_n this_o pious_a stranger_n be_v 12._o force_v to_o render_v his_o establishment_n more_o just_a by_o the_o right_n of_o conquest_n and_o more_o glorious_a by_o the_o overcome_a and_o cut_v off_o of_o his_o enemy_n the_o model_n be_v thus_o frame_v there_o be_v nothing_o want_v but_o to_o look_v into_o history_n or_o into_o some_o authentic_a fable_n for_o hero_n who_o name_n he_o may_v borrow_v and_o who_o he_o may_v engage_v to_o represent_v his_o personage_n the_o obligation_n he_o lie_v under_o of_o accommodate_v himself_o to_o the_o manner_n and_o religion_n of_o his_o country_n invite_v he_o to_o look_v after_o they_o in_o the_o roman_a history_n but_o what_o action_n can_v he_o take_v thence_o which_o may_v furnish_v he_o with_o a_o revolution_n and_o establishment_n of_o government_n that_o be_v proper_a to_o his_o purpose_n brutus_n have_v expel_v the_o king_n and_o place_v the_o people_n in_o that_o which_o they_o then_o call_v their_o liberty_n but_o this_o name_n be_v odious_a and_o prejudicial_a to_o augustus_n and_o this_o action_n be_v quite_o opposite_a to_o the_o design_n which_o the_o poet_n have_v of_o confirm_v the_o re-establishment_n of_o monarchy_n romulus_n first_o found_v rome_n but_o he_o lay_v the_o wall_n thereof_o in_o his_o brother_n blood_n and_o his_o first_o action_n be_v the_o murder_n of_o his_o uncle_n amulius_n for_o which_o none_o can_v ever_o find_v a_o satisfactory_a excuse_n and_o then_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o suppose_v these_o hero_n to_o have_v take_v voyages_n beside_o these_o two_o establishment_n be_v make_v before_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o state_n which_o precede_v they_o and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o ruin_n the_o kingdom_n of_o alba_n flourish_v during_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o two_o first_o roman_n king_n but_o be_v erase_v by_o the_o three_o and_o monarchy_n be_v extirpate_v by_o brutus_n and_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o consulship_n it_o be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n to_o instil_v this_o notion_n into_o the_o subject_n of_o augustus_n and_o to_o put_v the_o people_n upon_o think_v that_o this_o prince_n have_v ruin_v the_o commonwealth_n and_o banish_v their_o liberty_n the_o truth_n of_o history_n furnish_v he_o with_o a_o thought_n more_o favourable_a to_o his_o design_n since_o in_o reality_n cicero_n and_o tacitus_n do_v both_o inform_v we_o that_o before_o this_o prince_n make_v the_o least_o show_n of_o what_o he_o be_v about_o to_o do_v there_o be_v no_o commonwealth_n in_o be_v all_o the_o vigour_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v spend_v the_o law_n be_v invalid_a the_o roman_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o dregs_o of_o a_o state_n and_o in_o short_a there_o be_v nothing_o leave_v of_o rome_n but_o bare_a wall_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o last_v much_o long_o thus_o augustus_n destroy_v nothing_o he_o only_o
and_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fable_n except_v the_o representation_n which_o the_o epic_a poet_n leave_v the_o stage_n to_o be_v master_n of_o he_o take_v always_o the_o most_o excellent_a and_o the_o most_o noble_a method_n so_o that_o the_o epic_a action_n be_v grave_a important_a complete_a and_o rehearse_v in_o a_o long_a train_n of_o verse_n one_o may_v add_v to_o this_o that_o there_o be_v some_o fable_n which_o consist_v less_o in_o action_n than_o in_o speak_v as_o that_o fable_n for_o instance_n which_o ridicules_a the_o foolish_a vanity_n of_o those_o man_n who_o attribute_v all_o the_o glory_n of_o a_o event_n to_o themselves_o for_o the_o produce_v of_o which_o they_o contribute_v nothing_o but_o their_o own_o unprofitable_a presence_n the_o fable_n represent_v they_o under_o the_o allegory_n of_o a_o fly_n which_o light_v upon_o a_o chariot_n and_o see_v herself_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o cloud_n of_o dust_n which_o the_o chariot-wheel_n and_o the_o horse-feet_n 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a_o misunderstand_a between_o prince_n be_v the_o ruin_n of_o their_o own_o state_n i_o sing_v say_v he_o the_o anger_n of_o achilles_n so_o pernicious_a to_o the_o grecian_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o so_o many_o hero_n death_n occasion_v by_o the_o discord_n and_o part_v of_o agamemnon_n and_o this_o prince_n but_o that_o this_o truth_n may_v be_v complete_o and_o full_o know_v there_o be_v need_n of_o a_o second_o to_o back_o it_o for_o it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o the_o ill_a consequence_n which_o succeed_v a_o quarrel_n be_v cause_v by_o that_o quarrel_n and_o whether_o a_o right_a understanding_n do_v re-adjust_a those_o affair_n which_o discord_n have_v put_v out_o of_o order_n that_o be_v to_o say_v these_o assemble_v state_n must_v be_v represent_v first_o as_o labour_v under_o a_o misunderstand_a and_o the_o ill_a consequence_n thereof_o and_o then_o as_o united_n and_o victorious_a let_v we_o now_o see_v how_o he_o have_v dispose_v of_o these_o thing_n in_o one_o general_n action_n several_a prince_n independent_a on_o one_o another_o be_v unite_v against_o a_o common_a enemy_n he_o who_o they_o have_v elect_v their_o general_n offer_v a_o affront_n to_o the_o most_o valiant_a of_o all_o the_o confederate_n this_o offend_a prince_n be_v so_o far_o provoke_v that_o he_o withdraw_v himself_o and_o obstinate_o refuse_v to_o fight_v for_o the_o common_a cause_n this_o misunderstand_a give_v the_o enemy_n so_o much_o advantage_n that_o the_o confederate_n be_v very_o near_o quit_v their_o design_n very_o dishonourable_o he_o himself_o who_o be_v withdraw_v be_v not_o exempt_a from_o share_v in_o the_o misfortune_n he_o bring_v upon_o his_o ally_n for_o have_v permit_v his_o intimate_a friend_n to_o succour_v they_o in_o a_o great_a necessity_n this_o friend_n be_v kill_v by_o the_o enemy_n general_n thus_o be_v both_o make_v
i_o shall_v fill_v several_a volume_n with_o what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v about_o it_o yet_o i_o shall_v still_o leave_v enough_o to_o employ_v the_o imagination_n the_o genius_n and_o the_o judgement_n of_o both_o critic_n and_o poet_n which_o art_n without_o nature_n never_o bring_v to_o perfection_n nor_o be_v we_o to_o fancy_n that_o nature_n alone_o and_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o happy_a genius_n can_v make_v we_o capable_a of_o pass_v a_o judgement_n upon_o the_o ancient_a poet_n unless_o art_n and_o study_n acquaint_v we_o with_o the_o taste_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o auditor_n and_o of_o the_o time_n they_o live_v in_o the_o relish_v which_o all_o antiquity_n both_o sacred_a and_o profane_a greek_a and_o barbarian_a have_v for_o fable_n parable_n and_o allegory_n which_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o in_o this_o place_n give_v the_o ancient_a poet_n a_o great_a deal_n more_o liberty_n than_o the_o modern_n have_v and_o make_v thing_n in_o homer_n pass_v for_o beauty_n which_o will_v look_v but_o ill_o in_o a_o piece_n of_o modern_a poetry_n this_o likewise_o expose_v our_o ancient_a poet_n to_o such_o censure_n as_o bewray_v our_o ignorance_n often_o than_o his_o fault_n the_o 39_o custom_n of_o that_o time_n be_v to_o conceal_v their_o mystery_n from_o vulgar_a view_n and_o not_o to_o explain_v their_o allegory_n man_n of_o learn_v make_v it_o a_o particular_a study_n to_o discover_v these_o mysterious_a meaning_n and_o this_o penetration_n of_o thought_n make_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o their_o learning_n our_o age_n which_o in_o other_o thing_n pretend_v to_o so_o much_o light_n and_o curiosity_n be_v very_o negligent_a of_o these_o sort_n of_o knowledge_n since_o they_o no_o long_o agree_v with_o our_o custom_n it_o be_v perhaps_o this_o very_a neglect_n which_o conceal_v from_o our_o eye_n the_o great_a beauty_n of_o homer_n and_o which_o instead_o of_o his_o skill_n only_o show_v we_o a_o very_a mean_a and_o gross_a outside_o which_o hinder_v we_o from_o judge_v favourable_o of_o his_o spirit_n and_o conduct_n however_o he_o have_v reason_n to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o way_n and_o to_o accommodate_v himself_o to_o the_o n._n mode_n of_o his_o age._n he_o know_v well_o enough_o that_o those_o who_o do_v not_o penetrate_v he_o will_v admire_v he_o as_o much_o as_o other_o because_o every_o one_o be_v persuade_v that_o what_o appear_v to_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o world_n be_v in_o effect_n nothing_o else_o but_o the_o shell_n which_o contain_v the_o profitable_a and_o pleasant_a part_n of_o his_o work_n virgil_n be_v a_o great_a deal_n hard_o put_v to_o it_o because_o the_o roman_n of_o his_o time_n do_v not_o so_o frequent_o use_v fable_n and_o allegory_n cicero_n do_v not_o treat_v of_o philosophy_n as_o plato_n and_o socrates_n do_v upon_o who_o they_o father_n aesop_n fable_n and_o s._n matth._n jerom_n take_v notice_n that_o parable_n be_v in_o great_a vogue_n in_o the_o east_n so_o that_o when_o virgil_n be_v mind_v to_o shroud_v his_o instruction_n and_o doctrine_n under_o allegory_n he_o can_v not_o be_v content_v with_o such_o a_o plain_a outside_n as_o homer_n be_v which_o gravel_v those_o who_o can_v penetrate_v it_o and_o who_o be_v ignorant_a that_o he_o speak_v figurative_o but_o he_o have_v so_o compose_v his_o outside_n and_o his_o fiction_n that_o those_o very_a person_n who_o can_v go_v no_o far_o may_v without_o seek_v for_o any_o thing_n else_o be_v very_o well_o satisfy_v with_o what_o they_o find_v there_o this_o method_n be_v whole_o conformable_a to_o our_o way_n and_o very_o much_o to_o our_o palate_n but_o i_o fancy_n the_o satisfaction_n we_o so_o easy_o find_v in_o these_o external_n fiction_n alone_o do_v we_o some_o prejudice_n the_o more_o we_o fix_v there_o the_o less_o search_n do_v we_o make_v into_o the_o bottom_n and_o truth_n of_o thing_n this_o make_v we_o perhaps_o equivocate_v upon_o the_o word_n fable_n which_o we_o apply_v so_o different_o to_o the_o epopéa_n and_o to_o the_o fiction_n of_o aesop_n this_o prepossession_n of_o mind_n do_v homer_n a_o great_a deal_n of_o diskindness_n for_o we_o be_v often_o willing_a to_o find_v such_o virtue_n and_o good_a manner_n there_o which_o be_v not_o there_o and_o which_o we_o suppose_v aught_o regular_o to_o have_v be_v there_o because_o we_o be_v so_o little_o acquaint_v with_o his_o way_n of_o teach_v morality_n from_o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o we_o meet_v with_o so_o great_a obscurity_n in_o the_o precept_n of_o aristotle_n and_o horace_n who_o commend_v homer_n so_o much_o for_o that_o which_o we_o be_v so_o little_o acquaint_v with_o especial_o if_o we_o examine_v it_o according_a to_o the_o idea_n of_o perfection_n which_o we_o general_o form_v to_o ourselves_o by_o this_o mean_n we_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o great_a confusion_n and_o many_o contradiction_n before_o ever_o then_o we_o pass_v a_o judgement_n upon_o these_o thing_n and_o upon_o homer_n who_o be_v the_o author_n and_o first_o model_n of_o they_o it_o be_v requisite_a we_o right_o comprehend_v his_o allegory_n and_o penetrate_v into_o the_o moral_a and_o physical_a truth_n of_o the_o fable_n with_o which_o his_o poem_n be_v so_o full_a as_o little_a insight_n as_o i_o have_v in_o these_o matter_n yet_o i_o fancy_n i_o have_v say_v enough_o to_o explain_v what_o a_o fable_n be_v and_o to_o demonstrate_v the_o idea_n i_o have_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o epic_a poem_n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o book_n mounseur_fw-fr bossu's_fw-fr treatise_n of_o the_o epic_a poem_n book_n ii_o concern_v the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o epic_a poem_n or_o concern_v the_o action_n chap._n i._n what_o the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o epic_a poem_n be_v the_o matter_n of_o a_o poem_n be_v the_o subject_n which_o the_o poet_n undertake_v propose_v and_o work_v upon_o so_o that_o the_o moral_a and_o the_o instruction_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o epopéa_n be_v not_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o these_o thing_n be_v leave_v by_o poet_n in_o their_o allegorical_a and_o figurative_a obscurity_n they_o only_o give_v we_o notice_n in_o the_o beginning_n of_o their_o poem_n that_o they_o sing_v some_o action_n or_o another_o the_o revenge_n of_o achilles_n the_o return_n of_o ulysses_n and_o the_o arrival_n of_o aeneas_n into_o italy_n our_o master_n say_v just_a the_o same_o thing_n elsewhere_o aristotle_n inform_v we_o that_o the_o poet_n imitate_v a_o action_n and_o poet._n horace_n in_o more_o express_a term_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o action_n be_v the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o epopéa_n but_o this_o action_n be_v the_o action_n of_o some_o person_n and_o our_o author_n express_o say_v as_o much_o 2._o aristotle_n say_v that_o the_o poet_n who_o imitate_v imitate_v the_o person_n that_o act._n horace_n say_v that_o the_o imitate_v action_n be_v the_o action_n of_o king_n and_o general_n of_o a_o army_n and_o our_o poet_n do_v not_o propose_v simple_o a_o revenge_n a_o return_n or_o a_o establishment_n but_o they_o say_v further_o that_o it_o be_v 1._o achilles_n who_o be_v revenge_v 1._o ulysses_n who_o return_v and_o 1._o aeneas_n that_o go_v to_o be_v establish_v therefore_o both_o the_o action_n and_o the_o personage_n be_v the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o epopéa_n but_o suppose_v we_o shall_v consider_v they_o apart_o and_o ask_v whether_o the_o action_n or_o the_o person_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o principal_a matter_n of_o the_o poem_n it_o be_v plain_a by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o former_a book_n that_o the_o action_n be_v not_o make_v for_o the_o hero_n since_o that_o aught_o to_o be_v feign_v and_o invent_v independent_o from_o he_o and_o before_o the_o poet_n think_v of_o use_v his_o name_n and_o that_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o hero_z be_v only_o design_v for_o the_o action_n and_o that_o the_o name_n of_o achilles_n ulysses_n and_o aeneas_n be_v only_o borrow_a to_o represent_v the_o personage_n which_o the_o poet_n feign_v in_o general_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o fable_n will_v not_o admit_v we_o to_o doubt_v hereof_o since_o all_o the_o action_n that_o be_v there_o rehearse_v under_o the_o name_n of_o a_o dog_n a_o wolf_n a_o lion_n a_o man_n and_o the_o like_a be_v not_o design_v to_o inform_v we_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o these_o animal_n to_o which_o they_o be_v apply_v or_o to_o tell_v we_o of_o some_o adventure_n that_o happen_v to_o they_o for_o the_o author_n of_o a_o fable_n do_v not_o mind_n any_o such_o thing_n these_o personage_n on_o the_o contrary_n be_v only_o design_v to_o sustain_v the_o action_n he_o have_v invent_v it_o be_v therefore_o true_a in_o this_o sense_n that_o the_o 6._o action_n alone_o be_v the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o epopêa_n or_o at_o least_o that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n
reduce_v he_o and_o to_o which_o his_o long_a misfortune_n have_v inure_v he_o this_o allow_v he_o a_o opportunity_n without_o hazard_v any_o thing_n of_o take_v the_o best_a measure_n he_o can_v against_o those_o person_n who_o can_v not_o so_o much_o as_o mistrust_v any_o harm_n from_o he_o this_o way_n than_o be_v afford_v he_o by_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o his_o action_n that_o he_o may_v execute_v his_o design_n and_o overcome_v the_o mighty_a obstacle_n it_o present_v he_o with_o and_o it_o be_v this_o contest_v between_o the_o prudence_n and_o the_o dissimulation_n of_o a_o single_a man_n on_o one_o hand_n and_o the_o ungovernable_a insolence_n of_o so_o many_o rival_n on_o the_o other_o which_o make_v up_o the_o intrigue_n of_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o odysseïs_n the_o conduct_n of_o the_o latin_a poet_n in_o the_o intrigue_n he_o form_n have_v the_o same_o simplicity_n the_o tempest_n be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o aeneid_n just_a as_o in_o the_o odysseïs_n in_o this_o very_a part_n of_o the_o aeneid_n virgil_n suit_v himself_o to_o the_o humour_n of_o his_o hero_n as_o homer_n do_v himself_o to_o the_o humour_n of_o achilles_n he_o achilles_n i_o mean_v be_v testy_a and_o passionate_a agamemnon_n provoke_v he_o by_o very_o sensible_a affront_v aeneas_n be_v of_o a_o soft_a disposition_n the_o poet_n make_v use_v of_o good_a turn_v kind_n treat_v and_o the_o most_o melt_a most_o endear_n passion_n to_o engage_v he_o to_o stay_v at_o carthage_n in_o the_o second_o part_n the_o opposition_n of_o turnus_n and_o mezentius_n be_v no_o less_o exact_a for_o love_n and_o respect_v oblige_v aeneas_n not_o to_o abandon_v a_o queen_n to_o who_o he_o owe_v so_o much_o and_o these_o oppose_v his_o embarking_a for_o italy_n and_o the_o impiety_n of_o turnus_n and_o mezentius_n be_v a_o obstacle_n to_o the_o establishment_n of_o the_o god_n and_o religion_n at_o that_o place_n in_o fine_a the_o love_n turnus_n have_v for_o lavinia_n and_o the_o esteem_n amata_n have_v for_o this_o italian_a hero_n above_o aeneas_n be_v likewise_o other_o natural_a obstacle_n derive_v from_o the_o very_a subject_n since_o amata_n be_v oblige_v to_o prefer_v her_o relation_n to_o a_o unknown_a stranger_n and_o such_o a_o accomplish_a princess_n as_o lavinia_n who_o be_v sole_a heiress_n to_o a_o kingdom_n can_v not_o but_o have_v her_o suitor_n beside_o we_o observe_v that_o homer_n make_v use_v of_o the_o anger_n of_o apollo_n and_o that_o of_o agamemnon_n to_o stir_v up_o the_o same_o passion_n in_o achilles_n and_o that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o passion_n be_v the_o ravishment_n of_o three_o woman_n virgil_n form_n his_o general_a intrigue_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n he_o oppose_v to_o the_o establish_n of_o a_o kingdom_n in_o italy_n the_o establish_n of_o another_o kingdom_n in_o africa_n this_o opposition_n be_v suit_v to_o policy_n in_o general_n and_o to_o the_o roman_a history_n in_o particular_a 1._o rome_n in_o its_o infancy_n see_v all_o her_o neighbour_n conspire_v against_o she_o for_o new_a government_n cast_v always_o a_o shade_n upon_o the_o old_a one_o but_o in_o these_o intrigue_n of_o the_o aeneid_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o other_o circumstance_n wherein_o virgil_n make_v allegory_n and_o allusion_n so_o correspondent_a to_o history_n and_o truth_n that_o without_o bate_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o quality_n as_o poet_n he_o seem_v to_o merit_v likewise_o that_o of_o a_o historian_n a_o man_n may_v see_v in_o the_o person_n of_o aeneas_n and_o dido_n the_o very_a spirit_n and_o conduct_n of_o two_o great_a empire_n of_o which_o they_o be_v founder_n there_o one_o may_v observe_v the_o great_a obstacle_n the_o roman_n ever_o meet_v with_o and_o this_o great_a intrigue_n in_o the_o fable_n be_v a_o truth_n in_o history_n be_v it_o only_o fiction_n that_o there_o be_v a_o design_n of_o translate_n in_o africa_n the_o empire_n of_o the_o world_n which_o be_v destine_v for_o italy_n and_o the_o mean_v use_v to_o accomplish_v that_o end_n be_v it_o not_o that_o treachery_n with_o which_o the_o roman_n have_v always_o upbraid_v the_o carthaginian_n dido_n cast_v this_o reproach_n upon_o herself_o and_o 4._o make_v the_o application_n thereof_o to_o hannibal_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n order_v they_o to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o always_o against_o the_o roman_n and_o to_o violate_v their_o most_o solemn_a treaty_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o suppose_v they_o can_v do_v it_o to_o their_o own_o advantage_n this_o be_v the_o genius_n and_o conduct_v she_o inspire_v her_o commonwealth_n with_o mercury_n likewise_o advise_v the_o founder_n of_o rome_n not_o to_o trust_v to_o the_o inconstancy_n of_o this_o woman_n which_o be_v like_o the_o inconstancy_n of_o her_o city_n and_o when_o juno_n make_v the_o proposal_n to_o venus_n of_o a_o alliance_n between_o these_o two_o state_n venus_n see_v well_o enough_o it_o be_v only_a a_o trick_n of_o dissimulation_n to_o which_o her_o present_a interest_n compel_v she_o to_o condescend_v but_o i_o be_o too_o minute_n in_o a_o general_n treatise_n of_o the_o epic_a poem_n we_o end_v all_o with_o say_v that_o the_o event_n be_v the_o same_o both_o in_o the_o history_n and_o the_o poem_n 4._o it_o be_v dido_n breach_n of_o faith_n that_o have_v almost_o ruin_v aeneas_n and_o which_o at_o last_o become_v the_o ruin_n of_o this_o foundress_n of_o carthage_n it_o be_v this_o very_a same_o perfidiousness_n in_o hannibal_n that_o bring_v rome_n into_o so_o much_o danger_n and_o be_v at_o last_o the_o ruin_n of_o hannibal_n and_o his_o city_n i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o chapter_n with_o the_o three_o method_n of_o form_v the_o plot_n or_o intrigue_n of_o the_o poem_n one_o be_v to_o deduce_v it_o from_o the_o design_n of_o the_o hero_n and_o the_o action_n which_o we_o have_v already_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o second_o be_v to_o deduce_v it_o from_o the_o fable_n and_o the_o design_n of_o the_o poet_n and_o this_o be_v what_o we_o observe_v in_o the_o allegory_n of_o two_o opposite_a person_n and_o two_o opposite_a empire_n the_o three_o be_v to_o form_v the_o intrigue_n so_o as_o that_o the_o vnravel_a may_v be_v prepare_v for_o it_o i_o have_v say_v nothing_o as_o yet_o of_o this_o three_o way_n and_o shall_v explain_v it_o by_o some_o instance_n it_o be_v worth_a take_v notice_n how_o the_o poet_n prepare_v the_o departure_n of_o aeneas_n from_o dido_n the_o hero_n do_v not_o come_v design_o into_o africa_n but_o be_v force_v thither_o against_o his_o will_n by_o a_o storm_n he_o accept_v not_o the_o offer_n 1._o dido_n make_v he_o of_o her_o city_n if_o he_o will_v stay_v there_o 4._o and_o in_o the_o marriage_n itself_o he_o take_v care_n to_o engage_v himself_o to_o nothing_o that_o may_v hinder_v he_o from_o make_v a_o voyage_n into_o italy_n by_o the_o first_o fair_a wind._n all_o these_o precaution_n prepare_v the_o reader_n that_o so_o without_o the_o least_o surprise_n he_o see_v aeneas_n leave_n carthage_n this_o be_v the_o vnravel_v of_o that_o intrigue_n in_o the_o second_o part_n the_o poet_n oppose_v none_o against_o his_o hero_n but_o such_o person_n as_o he_o can_v deal_v well_o enough_o with_o when_o a_o peace_n be_v clap_v up_o king_n latinus_n be_v to_o be_v his_o father-in-law_n lavinia_n his_o wife_n and_o the_o latin_v his_o subject_n it_o will_v have_v be_v hard_o for_o all_o these_o person_n to_o have_v become_v such_o upon_o his_o account_n after_o they_o have_v be_v his_o profess_a enemy_n the_o poet_n have_v provide_v for_o that_o too_o in_o lavinia_n there_o be_v not_o to_o be_v observe_v either_o a_o inclination_n for_o turnus_n or_o a_o aversion_n to_o aeneas_n 11._o the_o king_n proffer_v this_o princess_n his_o daughter_n to_o the_o hero_n as_o a_o article_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o constant_o persist_v in_o this_o design_n the_o latin_n only_o fight_v against_o aeneas_n because_o they_o be_v force_v to_o it_o their_o legate_n give_v such_o ample_a testimony_n of_o their_o love_n and_o esteem_v for_o he_o 10._o that_o they_o declare_v they_o shall_v think_v it_o a_o honour_n to_o build_v the_o city_n for_o he_o which_o he_o demand_v in_o italy_n the_o poet_n than_o oppose_v none_o against_o he_o but_o amata_n and_o turnus_n who_o both_o perish_a by_o their_o own_o fault_n juno_n indeed_o can_v not_o die_v but_o she_o be_v well_o enough_o dispose_v of_o by_o insinuate_v that_o all_o she_o hope_n for_o be_v not_o absolute_o to_o hinder_v the_o establishment_n of_o aeneas_n for_o that_o she_o confess_v she_o can_v not_o do_v 7._o but_o only_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o it_o a_o little_a and_o make_v the_o trojan_n and_o italian_n pay_v very_o dear_a for_o it_o thus_o have_v accomplish_v these_o two_o design_n it_o
hero_n it_o seem_v as_o if_o he_o alone_o be_v more_o proper_o the_o subject-matter_n of_o the_o poem_n than_o all_o the_o rest_n homer_n name_v achilles_n particular_o and_o add_v agamemnon_n to_o he_o as_o we_o hint_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n ulysses_n and_o aeneas_n be_v not_o name_v but_o only_o imply_v and_o that_o in_o such_o general_a term_n that_o we_o shall_v not_o know_v they_o have_v we_o not_o information_n otherways_o that_o they_o be_v the_o person_n for_o what_o do_v the_o proposition_n of_o the_o odysseïs_n say_v concern_v the_o return_n of_o ulysses_n from_o the_o ruin_n of_o troy_n but_o what_o may_v be_v in_o the_o proposition_n of_o a_o poem_n that_o treat_v of_o the_o return_n of_o diomedes_n this_o practice_n may_v have_v perhaps_o some_o respect_n to_o the_o primary_n invention_n of_o the_o poet_n who_o ought_v at_o first_o to_o feign_v his_o action_n without_o name_n and_o relate_v not_o the_o action_n of_o alcibiades_n as_o aristotle_n say_v nor_o 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the_o latin_a poem_n we_o see_v the_o virum_fw-la meekness_n and_o piety_n of_o aeneas_n these_o character_n be_v keep_v up_o by_o another_o such_o like_a quality_n namely_o that_o of_o a_o warrior_n the_o proposition_n of_o the_o iliad_n say_v that_o the_o anger_n of_o achilles_n cost_v a_o great_a many_o hero_n their_o life_n that_o of_o the_o odysseïs_n represent_v ulysses_n as_o victor_n of_o troy_n from_o the_o destruction_n of_o which_o he_o come_v and_o that_o of_o the_o aeneid_n begin_v with_o arm_n i_o have_v already_o observe_v that_o horace_n speak_v of_o war_n and_o general_n in_o the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o epopéa_n as_o for_o the_o way_n of_o make_v the_o proposition_n horace_n only_o prescribe_v modesty_n and_o simplicity_n he_o will_v not_o have_v we_o promise_v too_o much_o nor_o raise_v in_o the_o reader_n be_v mind_n too_o large_a idea_n of_o what_o we_o be_v go_v to_o relate_v poet._n his_o word_n be_v these_o begin_v not_o as_o the_o old_a poetaster_n do_v troy_n famous_a war_n and_o priam_n '_o s_o fate_n i_o sing_v in_o what_o will_v all_o this_o ostentation_n end_n the_o mountain_n labour_n and_o a_o mouse_n be_v bear_v how_o far_o be_v this_o from_o the_o maeonian_a style_n muse_n speak_v the_o man_n who_o since_o the_o siege_n of_o troy_n so_o many_o town_n such_o change_n of_o manner_n saw_n one_o with_o a_o flash_n begin_v and_o end_n in_o smoke_n the_o other_o out_o of_o smoak_n bring_v glorious_a light_n and_o without_o raise_v expectation_n high_a surprise_v we_o with_o dazzle_v miracle_n the_o bloody_a lestrygon_n in_o humane_a feast_n with_o all_o the_o monster_n of_o the_o land_n and_o sea_n how_o scylla_n bark_v and_o polyphemus_n roar_v horace_n art_n of_o poetry_n english_v by_o roscommon_n and_o in_o truth_n what_o can_v be_v more_o simple_a and_o modest_a than_o the_o proposition_n of_o the_o odysseïs_n which_o do_v not_o promise_v we_o any_o great_a action_n of_o this_o hero_n but_o only_o the_o danger_n and_o the_o 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poem_n that_o it_o seem_v as_o if_o it_o can_v not_o have_v be_v whole_o omit_v and_o beside_o art_n may_v oblige_v the_o poet_n to_o make_v some_o kind_n of_o conformity_n between_o the_o character_n of_o the_o proposition_n and_o that_o of_o the_o whole_a poem_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o long_a series_n of_o heat_n and_o violence_n but_o to_o conclude_v the_o poet_n acquit_v himself_o of_o these_o obligation_n with_o so_o much_o simplicity_n and_o modesty_n that_o one_o can_v charge_v upon_o he_o the_o transgress_a of_o horace_n rule_n for_o he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o these_o heroe_n death_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o heroe_n valour_n and_o courage_n he_o only_o say_v that_o he_o sing_v the_o anger_n of_o achilles_n which_o have_v bring_v so_o many_o disaster_n upon_o the_o greek_n and_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o death_n of_o so_o many_o home_n who_o be_v expose_v as_o a_o prey_n to_o bird_n and_o beast_n certain_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n of_o grandeur_n here_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o in_o any_o glory_n or_o splendour_n as_o in_o that_o trouble_n and_o smoke_n which_o will_v scarce_o let_v we_o see_v it_o beside_o this_o sort_n of_o bombast_n which_o thing_n propose_v with_o too_o much_o glaze_v produce_v or_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o personage_n that_o at_o the_o very_a first_o be_v praise_v unreasonable_o and_o set_v off_o with_o too_o great_a idea_n there_o be_v yet_o another_o that_o respect_v the_o person_n of_o the_o poet._n he_o shall_v speak_v as_o modest_o of_o himself_o as_o of_o his_o hero_n or_o his_o subject_n virgil_n in_o plain_a term_n say_v that_o he_o sing_v the_o action_n of_o aeneas_n homer_n beg_v his_o muse_n to_o inspire_v the_o action_n into_o he_o or_o to_o sing_v it_o for_o he_o this_o be_v all_o claudian_n have_v not_o follow_v these_o exemplar_n etc._n he_o say_v his_o song_n shall_v be_v full_a of_o boldness_n that_o the_o poetical_a fury_n and_o the_o whole_a divinity_n of_o apollo_n have_v so_o swell_v his_o mind_n and_o possess_v his_o sense_n that_o they_o have_v not_o leave_v any_o thing_n human_a about_o he_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n be_v profane_a who_o conversation_n he_o can_v no_o long_o endure_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o such_o like_a stuff_n these_o rapture_n well_o manage_v will_v look_v well_o enough_o in_o a_o ode_n a_o pastoral_n or_o some_o such_o piece_n that_o be_v short_a enough_o to_o preserve_v they_o to_o the_o last_o and_o where_o we_o may_v suppose_v they_o to_o have_v be_v utter_v all_o in_o a_o breath_n but_o a_o poem_n so_o long_o as_o a_o epopéa_n admit_v not_o these_o rhapsodical_a proposition_n from_o a_o poet_n that_o be_v well_o in_o his_o wit_n this_o be_v horace_n doctrine_n who_o will_v have_v the_o proposition_n of_o the_o epic_a poem_n be_v simple_a and_o modest_a and_o yet_o he_o stick_v not_o in_o one_o of_o his_o 1._o ode_n to_o do_v what_o claudian_n do_v in_o the_o proposition_n we_o cite_v this_o poem_n of_o claudian_n that_o begin_v so_o ill_o justify_v the_o rule_n which_o horace_n have_v draw_v from_o the_o practice_n of_o homer_n one_o may_v even_o there_o observe_v that_o those_o who_o be_v so_o dare_v in_o what_o they_o propose_v be_v so_o more_o out_o of_o lightness_n and_o vanity_n than_o out_o of_o any_o knowledge_n of_o their_o ability_n and_o art_n and_o that_o common_o they_o be_v the_o least_o able_a to_o keep_v up_o to_o it_o claudian_n be_v not_o able_a to_o carry_v the_o terror_n which_o he_o propose_v as_o the_o subject_a of_o his_o poem_n any_o far_a than_o the_o middle_n of_o his_o first_o book_n and_o that_o internal_a darkness_n which_o shall_v have_v eclipse_v the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n can_v not_o take_v off_o from_o the_o lustre_n of_o the_o
between_o his_o arm_n and_o reprimand_v the_o tyrrhen_n for_o be_v so_o backward_o in_o carry_v off_o their_o prince_n you_o may_v see_v then_o how_o in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o valour_n virgil_n give_v aeneas_n and_o turnus_n he_o allow_v the_o last_o all_o that_o this_o quality_n have_v of_o beauty_n and_o splendour_n in_o appearance_n and_o how_o in_o give_v to_o aeneas_n that_o which_o be_v without_o all_o dispute_n great_a and_o more_o real_a he_o be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o solid_a part_n of_o it_o and_o make_v what_o be_v glare_v and_o dazzle_v in_o it_o to_o give_v place_n to_o the_o sweet_a temper_n and_o the_o piety_n of_o his_o hero_n because_o piety_n make_v up_o the_o goodness_n of_o aeneas_n character_n as_o valour_n make_v up_o all_o that_o turnus_n have_v of_o good_a in_o his_o character_n but_o whatever_o we_o discommend_v here_o in_o the_o character_n of_o this_o last_o hero_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o a_o evil_a in_o morality_n which_o do_v not_o make_v it_o the_o less_o good_a in_o a_o poetical_a sense_n these_o reflection_n be_v not_o design_v to_o banish_v it_o out_o of_o poem_n but_o so_o to_o distinguish_v virtue_n from_o vice_n that_o a_o poet_n may_v know_v what_o he_o do_v when_o he_o give_v his_o personage_n the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o and_o that_o a_o reader_n may_v judge_v of_o it_o without_o be_v mistake_v that_o he_o confound_v not_o what_o a_o quality_n such_o as_o valour_n for_o instance_n have_v of_o glare_v with_o what_o it_o have_v of_o solidity_n that_o he_o suffer_v not_o himself_o to_o be_v dazzle_v with_o the_o formality_n of_o turnus_n as_o if_o aeneas_n be_v not_o in_o truth_n a_o great_a deal_n more_o valiant_a than_o he_o and_o that_o he_o imagine_v not_o that_o any_o man_n of_o honour_n be_v capable_a of_o the_o generosity_n and_o the_o warlike_a virtue_n which_o virgil_n bestow_v upon_o turnus_n and_o homer_n upon_o his_o achilles_n nor_o be_v it_o at_o all_o necessary_a to_o carry_v the_o character_n of_o a_o exact_a and_o virtuous_a hero_n as_o far_o as_o virgil_n have_v do_v that_o of_o aeneas_n the_o endeavour_n he_o use_v to_o avoid_v kill_v lausus_n the_o sorrow_n he_o show_v for_o it_o the_o praise_n he_o bestow_v upon_o he_o and_o the_o rest_n that_o we_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o exceed_v the_o character_n of_o a_o simple_a generosity_n and_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o that_o piety_n which_o be_v predominant_a in_o aeneas_n and_o in_o the_o whole_a poem_n and_o it_o may_v be_v so_o contrive_v that_o these_o thing_n thus_o carry_v on_o will_v not_o only_o not_o be_v a_o perfection_n in_o a_o man_n of_o honour_n of_o another_o poem_n but_o also_o spoil_v the_o justness_n of_o the_o character_n so_o great_a a_o difference_n be_v there_o between_o generosity_n in_o general_n the_o generosity_n of_o aeneas_n and_o the_o generosity_n of_o every_o other_o particular_a person_n chap._n xv._n of_o false_a character_n i_o call_v those_o true_a character_n which_o we_o true_o and_o real_o see_v in_o man_n or_o which_o may_v be_v in_o they_o without_o any_o difficulty_n no_o one_o question_n but_o there_o have_v be_v man_n as_o generous_a and_o as_o good_a as_o aeneas_n as_o passionate_a and_o violent_a as_o achilles_n as_o prudent_a and_o wise_a as_o ulysses_n as_o impious_a and_o atheistical_a as_o mezentius_n as_o passionate_a as_o dido_n and_o amata_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o all_o these_o character_n be_v true_a poet_n may_v regular_o make_v use_n of_o they_o and_o when_o they_o do_v these_o be_v not_o simple_a and_o imaginary_a fiction_n but_o just_a imitation_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o real_o be_v or_o may_v be_v on_o the_o contrary_a i_o affirm_v that_o a_o character_n be_v false_a when_o a_o author_n so_o feign_v it_o that_o one_o can_v see_v nothing_o like_o it_o in_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n wherein_o he_o design_v it_o shall_v stand_v these_o character_n shall_v be_v whole_o exclude_v from_o a_o poem_n because_o transgress_v all_o the_o bound_n both_o of_o reason_n and_o probability_n they_o meet_v with_o no_o belief_n from_o the_o reader_n they_o be_v by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o offensive_a to_o they_o by_o how_o much_o the_o poet_n seem_v to_o slight_v they_o and_o to_o take_v they_o for_o silly_a person_n on_o who_o he_o may_v impose_v what_o he_o please_v the_o desire_n of_o amplify_a and_o make_v every_o thing_n that_o be_v say_v look_v great_a and_o marvellous_a cast_v young_a poet_n into_o this_o error_n and_o all_o other_o who_o be_v not_o endue_v with_o a_o justness_n of_o mind_n and_o be_v not_o right_o inform_v the_o enthusiastic_a genius_n of_o statius_n will_v afford_v we_o some_o instance_n of_o this_o bad_a conduct_n he_o will_v bestow_v the_o character_n of_o achilles_n upon_o tydeus_n and_o inspire_v he_o with_o his_o passion_n and_o his_o anger_n sustain_v by_o his_o valour_n stat._n but_o be_v such_o a_o excessive_a anger_n tolerable_a which_o put_v he_o upon_o eat_v the_o head_n of_o his_o enemy_n upon_o drink_v the_o blood_n that_o gush_v from_o he_o upon_o devour_v his_o very_a brain_n which_o represent_v he_o with_o his_o face_n horrible_o besmear_v with_o this_o blood_n and_o brain_n so_o that_o his_o friend_n can_v neither_o pluck_v this_o rage_n from_o his_o heart_n nor_o this_o head_n from_o between_o his_o hand_n and_o tooth_n he_o do_v not_o think_v he_o shall_v make_v he_o valiant_a enough_o if_o he_o let_v he_o loose_v to_o five_o or_o six_o man_n only_o he_o must_v needs_o make_v he_o kill_v fifty_o of_o they_o this_o excess_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o ridiculous_a since_o we_o know_v that_o it_o cost_v the_o poet_n nothing_o a_o water_n poet_n or_o a_o raw_a scholar_n may_v as_o easy_o say_v that_o his_o hero_n kill_v a_o thousand_o man_n as_o that_o he_o conquer_v two_o or_o three_o of_o they_o there_o be_v neither_o art_n nor_o invention_n in_o this_o but_o a_o ill_o govern_v fancy_n and_o a_o perfect_a ignorance_n of_o the_o justness_n of_o his_o character_n this_o poet_n have_v do_v the_o same_o in_o the_o character_n he_o have_v give_v to_o capaneus_n he_o make_v he_o valiant_a and_o impious_a and_o perhaps_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o imitate_v mezentius_n as_o he_o have_v imitate_v other_o passage_n of_o the_o aeny_v but_o instead_o of_o make_v such_o a_o man_n as_o he_o ought_v he_o have_v make_v only_o a_o chimaera_n indeed_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o make_v the_o violence_n of_o this_o personage_n to_o change_v into_o mildness_n and_o tenderness_n as_o virgil_n have_v do_v that_o of_o mezentius_n for_o the_o reason_n above_o mention_v but_o what_o need_n have_v he_o to_o make_v he_o insult_v over_o the_o god_n more_o like_o a_o madman_n than_o a_o atheist_n this_o hero_n die_v on_o the_o wall_n of_o thebes_n which_o he_o be_v besiege_v he_o be_v nigh_o make_v the_o whole_a town_n tremble_v stat._n his_o shadow_n only_o put_v they_o all_o into_o a_o constrnation_n he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v touch_v with_o vanity_n at_o so_o 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but_o he_o fright_v they_o almost_o as_o much_o and_o defy_v they_o to_o do_v he_o any_o harm_n jupiter_n what_o say_v he_o to_o they_o be_v there_o none_o of_o the_o god_n dare_v defend_v thebes_n against_o i_o where_o be_v thou_o bacchus_n or_o thou_o hercules_n the_o dastardly_a offspring_n of_o this_o infamous_a city_n but_o i_o be_o ashamed_a continue_v he_o to_o defy_v the_o lesser_a deity_n jupiter_n do_v thou_o come_v for_o who_o else_o be_v more_o worthy_a to_o cope_v with_o i_o see_v the_o the_o tomb_n see_v the_o ash_n of_o thy_o dear_a semele_n come_v and_o defend_v they_o and_o forget_v not_o to_o bring_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v assist_v thou_o quercum_fw-la heaven_n present_o be_v in_o arm_n against_o this_o simple_a man_n and_o seem_v
he_o have_v offend_v and_o they_o be_v powerful_a the_o roman_a orator_n plain_o confirm_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o interpretation_n face_n never_o think_v say_v he_o in_o his_o speech_n before_o the_o senate_n against_o piso_n never_o think_v gentleman_n that_o the_o god_n send_v the_o fury_n with_o their_o burn_a torch_n to_o frighten_v criminal_n as_o poet_n upon_o the_o theatre_n represent_v they_o no_o the_o injustice_n the_o villainy_n and_o the_o crime_n of_o each_o miscreant_n be_v his_o torment_n these_o be_v the_o fury_n the_o fire_n and_o the_o flame_n that_o make_v they_o faint_v away_o and_o fill_v they_o with_o such_o horror_n and_o amazement_n it_o be_v thus_o that_o turnus_n be_v represent_v in_o his_o last_o battle_n statius_n statius_n have_v likewise_o in_o few_o word_n very_o well_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o these_o dismal_a deity_n which_o be_v no_o where_o but_o within_o our_o own_o breast_n there_o torment_v we_o by_o the_o view_n of_o the_o crime_n we_o 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sense_n they_o have_v we_o can_v produce_v instance_n enough_o even_o in_o the_o juridical_a kind_a though_o that_o be_v more_o confine_v than_o the_o other_o two_o beside_o do_v these_o person_n understand_v wherein_o a_o true_a praise_n do_v consist_v and_o be_v they_o master_n of_o the_o second_o quality_n we_o require_v which_o be_v to_o know_v what_o thought_n and_o sentiment_n a_o man_n shall_v propose_v in_o order_n to_o raise_v a_o great_a idea_n of_o himself_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o those_o that_o hear_v he_o they_o will_v then_o correct_v this_o first_o default_n they_o will_v speak_v correct_o and_o say_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v of_o consequence_n and_o to_o the_o purpose_n but_o since_o their_o first_o error_n proceed_v from_o a_o defect_n in_o judgement_n it_o can_v be_v alone_o they_o imagine_v that_o the_o true_a esteem_n of_o a_o orator_n or_o a_o poet_n consist_v chief_o in_o fine_a thought_n in_o strong_a and_o lofty_a expression_n in_o passion_n carry_v on_o to_o a_o extreme_a or_o in_o other_o such_o like_a thing_n which_o in_o truth_n belong_v not_o to_o eloquence_n and_o sometime_o produce_v effect_n quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o design_n of_o a_o unjudicious_a author_n a_o lawyer_n for_o instance_n will_v imagine_v that_o his_o esteem_n depend_v upon_o make_v a_o set_a speech_n adorn_v with_o figure_n and_o full_a of_o a_o great_a many_o pretty_a antithesis_n he_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o heap_v figure_n upon_o figure_n in_o his_o plead_n and_o choose_v rather_o to_o enervate_v a_o good_a argument_n and_o lose_v his_o cause_n by_o a_o unpardonable_a flight_n than_o not_o give_v his_o antithesis_n all_o the_o embellishment_n he_o judge_v they_o be_v capable_a of_o this_o be_v what_o pedius_n do_v according_a to_o persius_n account_n of_o he_o 1._o theft_n say_v the_o accuser_n to_o thy_o charge_n i_o lie_v o_o pedius_n what_o do_v gentle_a pedius_n say_v studious_a to_o please_v the_o genius_n of_o the_o time_n with_o period_n point_n and_o 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