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the_o 26_o figure_n now_o what_o by_o this_o way_n may_v be_v do_v with_o water_n and_o bubble_n of_o air_n the_o same_o may_v be_v do_v with_o the_o same_o glass_n turn_v upside-down_a by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o exact_o round_a and_o polish_a cylinder_n or_o globule_n of_o glass_n crystal_n cornelian_a agate_n or_o other_o exceed_o hard_a and_o close_a stone_n after_o the_o manner_n represent_v in_o the_o 27_o figure_n for_o the_o ball_n or_o cylinder_n will_n natural_o roll_v to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o concavity_n and_o there_o stand_v but_o in_o the_o do_n of_o this_o great_a care_n must_v be_v take_v that_o the_o globule_n be_v exact_o round_a and_o polish_a and_o that_o they_o concavity_n of_o the_o plate_n be_v as_o smooth_a and_o well_o polish_a and_o that_o they_o be_v both_o very_a clean_a and_o free_a from_o dust_n otherwise_o the_o cylinder_n or_o globule_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o stand_v in_o a_o place_n where_o it_o shall_v not_o and_o consequent_o produce_v considerable_a error_n and_o here_o i_o can_v omit_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o very_a curious_a level_n invent_v by_o sr._n chr._n wren_n for_o the_o take_v the_o horizon_n every_o way_n in_o a_o circle_n which_o be_v do_v by_o a_o large_a concave_n ground_n and_o polish_a on_o a_o very_a large_a sphere_n and_o the_o limb_n of_o it_o ground_n and_o polish_a on_o a_o flat_a for_o by_o place_v the_o same_o horizontal_n and_o rectify_v it_o by_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o quicksilver_n pour_v into_o the_o concavity_n thereof_o it_o will_v be_v easy_a by_o look_v by_o the_o flat_a polish_a limb_n to_o discover_v the_o true_a horizon_n the_o only_a inconvenience_n i_o find_v in_o it_o be_v that_o the_o ☿_o have_v some_o kind_n of_o stick_v to_o the_o glass_n but_o a_o small_a crystal_n bowl_n i_o suppose_v may_v remedy_v that_o inconvenience_n and_o make_v it_o fit_a for_o use_v the_o 5_o thing_n wherein_o this_o instrument_n be_v make_v to_o excel_v other_o be_v in_o its_o easiness_n to_o be_v adjust_v to_o the_o object_n and_o in_o this_o that_o be_v once_o adjust_v the_o whole_a instrument_n be_v so_o order_v as_o that_o it_o will_v remain_v constant_a to_o those_o object_n though_o they_o be_v move_v the_o want_n of_o this_o be_v so_o great_a a_o inconvenience_n in_o all_o other_o instrument_n hitherto_o make_v use_n of_o that_o almost_o all_o observation_n have_v be_v thereby_o vitiate_a and_o hevelius_n to_o prevent_v and_o obviate_v this_o have_v find_v out_o many_o contrivance_n but_o they_o be_v such_o as_o though_o they_o do_v it_o in_o part_n yet_o it_o be_v but_o in_o part_n and_o that_o with_o much_o trouble_n and_o inconvenience_n i_o need_v not_o spend_v time_n to_o show_v how_o many_o inconvenience_n his_o way_n by_o 4_o several_a hand-screws_n to_o be_v manage_v by_o 2_o observator_n at_o the_o least_o be_v subject_a to_o they_o be_v indeed_o so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v not_o without_o very_o good_a reason_n that_o he_o so_o 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be_v a_o very_a great_a unhappiness_n to_o hevelius_n that_o he_o be_v not_o furnish_v with_o better_a contrivance_n yet_o it_o no_o way_n tend_v to_o his_o dispraise_n for_o his_o most_o extraordinary_a and_o indefatigable_a care_n pain_n and_o industry_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o to_o be_v admire_v esteem_v and_o honour_v and_o will_v be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o by_o such_o as_o have_v by_o experience_n find_v the_o difficulty_n of_o make_v any_o one_o observation_n certain_a in_o that_o way_n but_o that_o he_o or_o any_o other_o that_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o make_v further_a trial_n and_o observation_n may_v be_v free_v from_o this_o intolerable_a trouble_n and_o difficulty_n i_o have_v think_v of_o this_o follow_a instrument_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o quadrant_n be_v once_o adjust_v and_o
whereby_o distant_a place_n sometime_o appear_v and_o sometime_o disappear_v under_o the_o horizon_n by_o this_o mean_n also_o the_o rotundity_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v true_o find_v vast_o surpass_v any_o thing_n perform_v by_o the_o best_a level_n yet_o know_v to_o this_o we_o may_v add_v the_o height_n of_o hill_n if_o their_o distance_n be_v know_v or_o their_o distance_n if_o their_o height_n be_v know_v i_o can_v have_v enlarge_v upon_o these_o and_o have_v name_v divers_a other_o but_o design_v it_o only_o as_o a_o answer_n to_o such_o as_o may_v captious_o put_v such_o a_o question_n i_o shall_v rather_o leave_v the_o pleasure_n of_o find_v they_o to_o such_o as_o shall_v real_o seek_v they_o to_o be_v assist_v thereby_o in_o their_o own_o undertake_n finis_fw-la errata_fw-la pag._n 2._o l._n 13._o r._n 9_o 10_o p._n 6._o l._n 14._o r._n aquilae_fw-la p._n 13._o l._n 3._o r._n mathematician_n p._n 15._o l._n 11._o r._n fig._n 32._o p._n 13._o l._n 28._o r._n fig._n 31._o p._n 18._o l._n 39_o r._n structuram_fw-la p._n 21._o l._n 26._o r._n dena_fw-la minuta_fw-la p._n 21._o l._n 27._o r._n discriminatim_fw-la p._n 22._o l._n 3._o r._n fig._n 35._o p._n 28._o l._n 34._o r._n quaedam_fw-la p._n 32._o l._n 21._o r._n shake_v p._n 33._o l._n 8._o r._n focus_fw-la p._n 39_o l._n 28._o r._n res_fw-la p._n 40._o l._n 11._o r._n admaveant_n p._n 40._o l._n 39_o deal_n se_fw-la a_o description_n of_o helioscope_n and_o some_o other_o instrument_n make_v by_o robert_n hooke_n fellow_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n hos_fw-la ego_fw-la etc._n etc._n sic_fw-la vos_fw-la non_fw-la vobis_fw-la london_n print_v by_o t._n r._n for_o john_n martin_n printer_n to_o the_o royal_a society_n at_o the_o bell_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1676._o a_o description_n of_o helioscope_n and_o some_o other_o instrument_n the_o necessary_a avocation_n of_o business_n and_o the_o urgent_a importunity_n of_o some_o for_o the_o speedy_a publication_n of_o my_o animadversion_n make_v i_o conclude_v they_o in_o the_o eleven_o sheet_n without_o stay_v to_o explicate_v several_a thing_n which_o i_o design_v to_o go_v along_o with_o they_o but_o have_v now_o retrieve_v a_o little_a more_o of_o leisure_n both_o for_o delineation_n and_o description_n for_o a_o further_a elucidation_n of_o what_o i_o have_v say_v i_o shall_v make_v it_o my_o three_o attempt_n to_o explain_v first_o a_o helioscope_n to_o look_v upon_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n without_o any_o offence_n to_o the_o observer_n eye_n second_o a_o way_n of_o shorten_v reflective_a and_o refractive_a telescope_n three_o a_o way_n for_o use_v a_o glass_n of_o any_o length_n without_o move_v the_o tube_n four_o a_o instrument_n for_o take_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o planet_n or_o for_o take_v any_o other_o distance_n to_o five_o or_o ten_o degree_n to_o the_o certainty_n of_o a_o second_o two_o of_o these_o i_o promise_v in_o the_o 78th_o or_o last_o page_n of_o my_o animadversion_n and_o the_o other_o fall_n in_o as_o analogous_fw-la to_o they_o five_o a_o instrument_n for_o describe_v all_o manner_n of_o dial_n by_o the_o tangent_fw-la projection_n six_o the_o use_n thereof_o 1._o for_o adjust_v the_o hand_n of_o a_o clock_n so_o as_o to_o make_v it_o move_v in_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o dial_n who_o style_n be_v parallel_n to_o the_o axis_n or_o 2._o in_o the_o azimuth_n of_o any_o celestial_a body_n that_o be_v in_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o upright_a or_o any_o other_o way_n incline_v style_n upon_o any_o plain_a 3._o for_o make_v a_o hand_n move_v according_a to_o the_o true_a aequation_n of_o time_n 4._o for_o make_v all_o manner_n of_o elliptical_a dial_n in_o mr._n foster_n '_o be_v way_n etc._n etc._n 5._o for_o communicate_v a_o circular_a motion_n in_o a_o curve_v line_n without_o any_o shake_n and_o for_o divers_a other_o excellent_a purpose_n and_o first_o for_o a_o helioscope_n which_o shall_v so_o take_v off_o the_o brightness_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o that_o the_o weak_a eye_n may_v look_v upon_o it_o at_o any_o time_n without_o the_o least_o offence_n my_o contrivance_n be_v by_o often_o reflect_v the_o ray_n from_o the_o surface_v of_o black_a glass_n which_o be_v ground_n very_o exact_o flat_a and_o very_o well_o polish_v so_o to_o diminish_v the_o radiation_n that_o at_o length_n they_o become_v as_o weak_a and_o faint_a as_o those_o of_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o twilight_n so_o that_o one_o may_v with_o ease_n and_o very_o much_o pleasure_n view_n examine_v and_o describe_v the_o phase_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o maculae_fw-la and_o faculae_fw-la thereof_o if_o any_o such_o happen_v to_o appear_v when_o the_o observation_n be_v make_v and_o it_o give_v a_o good_a opportunity_n of_o discover_v they_o before_o we_o have_v any_o advertisement_n thereof_o from_o other_o the_o reason_n of_o which_o will_v be_v sufficient_o plain_a to_o such_o as_o consider_v how_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n be_v lose_v by_o every_o reflection_n and_o that_o every_o reflection_n do_v duplicate_v triplicate_v quadruplicate_v quintuplicate_v etc._n etc._n the_o first_o proportion_n of_o loss_n for_o instance_n suppose_v i_o have_v a_o helioscope_n make_v of_o a_o object_n glass_n a_o eye_n glass_n and_o four_o reflect_v glass_n and_o that_o by_o the_o first_o reflection_n i_o lose_v ¾_n of_o the_o direct_a light_n i_o affirm_v there_o will_v remain_v but_o 1_o 256_o part_n of_o the_o direct_a ray_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o can_v fall_v upon_o the_o eye_n at_o the_o last_o for_o if_o every_o reflection_n do_v lose_v ¾_n of_o its_o ray_n and_o reflect_v but_o ¼_n and_o that_o quarter_n lose_v ¾_n and_o reflect_v only_a ¼_n of_o its_o receive_a light_n there_o will_v remain_v but_o 1_o 16_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o if_o this_o sixteenth_o part_n lose_v three_o quarter_n of_o its_o ray_n and_o reflect_v only_o a_o four_o it_o will_v follow_v the_o remainder_n will_v only_o be_v 1_o 64_o part_n of_o the_o 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parallax_n of_o divers_a minute_n but_o whereas_o i_o can_v not_o certain_o distinguish_v any_o sensible_a at_o all_o it_o must_v be_v many_o time_n high_o than_o the_o moon_n now_o that_o this_o way_n be_v abundant_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o a_o observation_n make_v with_o a_o quadrant_n for_o the_o take_n of_o its_o altitude_n be_v pretty_a evident_a because_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o irregularity_n cause_v by_o the_o refraction_n or_o inflection_n of_o the_o air_n be_v remove_v for_o by_o this_o mean_n though_o the_o parallax_n be_v very_o large_a yet_o the_o refraction_n or_o inflection_n of_o the_o air_n will_v not_o amount_v to_o many_o second_o both_o the_o object_n be_v almost_o equal_o raise_v by_o refraction_n especial_o when_o 5_o or_o 10_o degree_n high_a near_o than_o which_o the_o small_a star_n vanish_v out_o of_o sight_n by_o the_o thickness_n of_o our_o air_n it_o follow_v therefore_o that_o a_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n must_v be_v 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this_o i_o note_v in_o the_o two_o table_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o accurate_a mathematician_n p._n aegidius_n franciscus_n de_fw-fr gotignies_n who_o skill_n and_o care_n from_o other_o work_n of_o he_o and_o other_o observation_n of_o this_o comet_n i_o be_o sufficient_o assure_v of_o and_o find_v that_o by_o the_o first_o table_n upon_o the_o ⅔½_n of_o december_n 1664._o it_o be_v in_o 4½_n of_o two_o in_o longitude_n and_o in_o 33⅔_n of_o southern_a latitude_n but_o by_o the_o second_o it_o be_v place_v at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o 4°ii_n for_o its_o longitude_n and_o in_o 34½_n of_o south_n latitude_n and_o this_o error_n be_v not_o only_o commit_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o comet_n but_o also_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n for_o riget_fw-la in_o the_o first_o table_n be_v place_v in_o 30¾_n south_n latitude_n and_o in_o 12¾ii_n for_o longitude_n but_o in_o the_o second_o in_o 31½_n south_n latitude_n and_o in_o two_o ½_n two_o for_o longitude_n both_o which_o 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whereas_o both_o p._n gottignies_n and_o mounsieur_fw-fr petit_fw-fr make_v it_o pass_v above_o the_o star_n of_o the_o three_o magnitude_n in_o the_o right_a shoulder_n of_o lepus_fw-la mounseur_fw-fr hevelius_n make_v it_o move_v below_o it_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v ascribable_a to_o parallax_n but_o i_o fear_v much_o can_v be_v conclude_v of_o certainty_n from_o they_o i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o a_o multitude_n of_o other_o history_n which_o i_o have_v receive_v concern_v that_o comet_n of_o 64._o nor_o with_o the_o disagreement_n of_o they_o one_o with_o another_o and_o perhaps_o of_o most_o with_o the_o truth_n they_o have_v give_v i_o sufficient_a trouble_n in_o the_o examination_n of_o they_o have_v little_o other_o benefit_n from_o they_o save_v only_o this_o that_o i_o be_v thereby_o inform_v what_o a_o man_n may_v think_v of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o astronomical_a observation_n that_o have_v be_v make_v for_o save_v the_o exact_a observation_n of_o some_o few_o such_o as_o mr._n hevelius_n mr._n aurout_n p._n gottignies_n etc._n etc._n true_o diligent_a and_o accurate_a man_n the_o great_a the_o collection_n of_o observation_n be_v the_o more_o trouble_n and_o difficulty_n be_v create_v to_o the_o examiner_n they_o not_o only_o confound_v one_o another_o but_o perplex_v those_o also_o which_o be_v real_a and_o perfect_a now_o the_o reason_n or_o cause_n of_o these_o inconvenience_n seem_v to_o be_v these_o first_o the_o want_n of_o accurate_a and_o know_a observator_n second_o the_o scarcity_n of_o convenient_a instrument_n three_o the_o imperfection_n of_o the_o table_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n for_o the_o observator_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o know_v how_o to_o manage_v a_o instrument_n or_o to_o have_v a_o good_a eye_n or_o a_o dextrous_a and_o steady_a hand_n but_o with_o these_o there_o must_v be_v join_v a_o skilfulness_n in_o the_o theorical_a and_o speculative_a part_n and_o add_v to_o all_o a_o love_n and_o delight_n in_o the_o thing_n itself_o and_o even_o all_o these_o will_v signify_v but_o little_a without_o convenient_a and_o accurate_a instrument_n such_o as_o may_v be_v easy_o manageable_a and_o sufficient_o exact_v the_o first_o of_o these_o the_o love_n of_o the_o study_n be_v in_o itself_o the_o most_o excellent_a or_o the_o encouragement_n of_o prince_n nobleman_n and_o other_o patron_n of_o this_o learning_n must_v procure_v and_o where_o both_o of_o these_o concur_v thence_o most_o be_v to_o be_v expect_v and_o most_o fruit_n have_v hitherto_o be_v proceed_v though_o there_o be_v not_o want_v divers_a eminent_a instance_n where_o the_o first_o reason_n have_v be_v the_o only_a inducement_n as_o to_o the_o second_o i_o have_v already_o in_o some_o of_o my_o former_a lecture_n describe_v several_a convenient_a one_o for_o these_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o here_o add_v any_o more_o concern_v