be a companion with him in this workemanship Nay he did more then this for his meaning was that man wh◠was bond and thrall vnto death looke◠that there should one day one o◠his posteritie be borne of a Virgine who should be the Sauiour and redeemer of the world stirring him vp as i◠were religiouslie to vse an holy vnion which should serue to the ministeri◠of his redemption Wherefore as the vse of this coniunction at this day is no more necessarie for our saluation which for vs is fully purchased neither left vnto vs but as a lawfull intemperāce if so be we are not able to passe it yet let vs vse it at the least as a remedy of infirmity vnder the authority of the law of God for the cooling and mortifying of the lusts of the flesh which bud spring out in vs. And seeing that the desire which casteth vs out of ou◠selues cannot driue vs to loue God as we should let vs yet at the least keep it within the chaste bosom of her whom God hath destined for our wife companion And let vs take great heed that we make not our members filthy stinking vessels and so defile the Temple of God seeing he vouchsafeth to dwell in vs by the impure dealing with those kind of women who in violating their bodies violate also therewith all maner of lawes For first they breake the law of God who commaundeth chastitie the law of nature which forbiddeth to make that common which is borne for one alone the law of Nations which hath brought in marriages and the law of families vniustly transferring the labour and trauell of another vnto a strange heire Truly from this abhominable and vnbrideled concupiscence come and are deriued as from a liuely and pleasant Fountaine all publike and particular calamities as it were For when this foolish loue is once formed in our soules which being nourished with belly-cheere and idlenesse beginneth there to grow and encrease and hath as heady wine run through our vaines it by and by bringeth our sences a sleepe and benummeth our members bereaueth our reason and so furiously reigning ouer vs carrieth vs away violently into most furious purposes and practises Do we not see at this day the mightiest kingdomes to be by it digged downe as it were with Pickaxes and Empires to stumble and fall downe to ruine And do we not see that it deuoureth in one day the ritches and conquests of infinite worlds That it openeth the gate to all iniustice Hath it not brought ielowsie betweene brethren and quarrels betweene Fathers and their children But the worst and foulest of all the effects that it hath wrought is the vncertaintie that it bringeth into the minds of kinsmen and families For in defiling the mariage bed it taketh frō the children the loue of their father which cannot be conserued but by the good opinion that the husband hath of the chastitie of his wife it breaketh also the pietie of the children towards their fathers which cānot be founded but vpon the self same conside ratiō Now when these bonds of affection good will are lost amongst mē how can they conteine themselues within any ciuill amity and society how can they ioyne vnite themselues together to serue God obey his cōmandements This sinne as an ancient father saith is the deuils hauen which floting flowing in vs through voluptuousnes continually rebloweth the bellowes of our sences with new hoat desires which set our soules on fire there nourisheth them with smoake taking from them both sight iudgement which should guide them to euery good thing And therfore how far soeuer we can see this foolish loue we must hunt it away and detest it as the very poison of our souls Howbeit we contrariwise call it vnto vs and make much of it how farre soeuer it be from vs. For we inuite it to giue it reward and the rewards of honor are for none but for his officers all the most fine and rare wits take the greatest delight to impe his feathers that he might the speedelier and more contentedly come flying into the palaces of Princes Now a Christian man especially such a one as would attaine vnto this blessed contēplatiō whervnto we prepare him will bereaue his soule of all these filthy lusts vsing himselfe vnto this continuall continēce wil endeuor himself if he possibly can to cōserue this treasure of virginity wherein lieth a great purity of the mind perfection of vnderstanding they chiefly conserue the same which cōmunicate themselues with the spirit of God which gaue S. Ierome occasion to say according to Varro That the reward of virginity was diuination because that diuination is nothing els but the knowledge of the truth to come which we attaine vnto by communicating with God that which we neuer can obtaine except we keepe our selues pure from all earthly and beastly affections So as as we haue before said if that our infirmitie surmounteth our discourse we may make our intemperance lawfull excusable in rightly vsing the remedie which God hath giuen vnto our infirmitie and so be like vnto those first Christians of whom Tertullian said That they were not borne men but for ther wiues Let vs therefore with reuerence enter into this societie of marriage and let it be a coniunction both of the spirit and will a communion both of faith and religion wherein nothing is proper ne yer particular no not so much as the very secret thoughts themselues This is as Themistius the Platonist said a full mixture of all together as wine and water which being once mingled together can neuer be seperated againe Heereby we see wherein the principall effect of this Temperance should rest To stirre vp men vnto sobrietie and detest infamous foule gluttonie or filthy delicacie of meates and drinkes neither is vertue thereby any whit impeached but through bond slaues and transgressours for such lusts very seldome grow in an honest mind Such lusts are very seldome found in the minds of wisemen Although the ages heeretofore haue borne and brought foorth monstrous Sardanapales who made their bellies their God The common cry of the people themselues detest them and are sufficiently reprooued by the voice of the multitude although wisdom should no way deale with them about the matter It is very true that when such spirits are choked with great cheere they can neuer talke of any thing that is either honest or yet godly which should make them capable of that contemplation wherevnto we call them Now when as Philo describeth out vnto vs the liues of these good religious Egyptians he therein noteth out vnto vs such a notable sobriety as that it is impossible for bodies which kept such a diet could any way hinder the beautifull actions of their soule And therefore let vs vse meates and such other like transitorie good things for the strengthening and vpholding of the infirmitie of our
both the image and the embosting of them which is without all doubt most maruellous and when you haue paid your custome and passed the borders and limits of this life you shal see that which no tongue is able to vtter nor eare able to heare But to make you acknowledge at length what this is and plainly to prick out vnto you some draughts hereof I beseech you consider euen of the things which you so wonder at heere in this world and so greedely and egerly labour for and hunt after and you shall finde that if you go onely step by step on them and follow still your way that they will at last bring you vnto the knowledge of that which you at this day desire But because that in stead of going on them you settle your selues and sit fast down vpon on them you your selues become most vile and filthie by them Now let vs see a little why you thus satisfie your sences and from whence this pleasure and tickling delight springeth wherein you establish the seat of your worldly felicitie Commeth this from the obiect of naturall things that are growne vnto perfection Are these the well mingled sorted and setled colours and the exactly obserued proportions and dimensions which thus please the eyes What other thing admire you in a medow ennameled with a thousand goodly and odoriferous floures and so richly in diuerse places with sundrie colours bedecked What other thing admire you in the stately buildings of kings in their Bracelets Chaines and other Iewels and in the Tables of most excellent Pictures but onely this curious obseruation Yea what other estimation make you of the most faire sweete faces of women with whom yee effeminately burne in loue but an equall proportion and exact diligence of nature in the conformitie and assemblie of many things differing one from another What other thing is the sweetnesse of one especiall voice of a man or the melodie of many together in consort but a iust and orderly continuation of them all together or suddaine motion of many voices according to a naturall rule and proportion of the same And what other thing is the most pleasant and sweete sauour that a man can possiblie smell but a certaine temperature both of heate and moisture and a certaine qualitie imprinted in a bodie by the suddaine motion of one or many causes Neither is any thing sweet and pleasant in the most delicate meates and sauoures but a certaine measure of well mixed licoures Neither doth the touching of them bring or yeeld any other pleasure but a certaine equalitie and length which we finde in naturall bodies Now marke then all the pleasures which your sences can possibly receiue yee consume the whole time of your life onely about thē for for them alone ye wearie your bodies with continuall toiling moiling and for them alone yee striue against the winds and crosse the seas If then yee finde that all these particular things do possesse your minds by a certaine vaine shew of beauty and excellencie what will yee then say when as yee shall consider of them all at once and at one view euen from their first beginning vnto the highest degree of their perfection Shall yee not see the selfe and the same difference betweene them that is betweene one stone alone and an whole proude and costlie Pallace and betweene one voice and a complet and full noise of musick and betweene one finger and the whole bodie What matter can you make of all these particular things especially of these earthly things when as in lifting vp your eyes towards the Sunne and Starres yee behold the world from the highest part of heauen to the lowest part of the earth euen from the beginning of the same vnto the end thereof and consider how many wonderfull things are depainted and set foorth on euery side If so be then we haue done it to feed and satisfie our sences onely with the communicating of these beautifull and excellēt things it must needs be that we haue done it at the least by reason of the whole workmanship and frame of the same the elegancie whereof consisteth in the accordance and assembly of all the other particular beauties ornaments thereof But our soule which lancheth and stretcheth forth her desires and wishes farre aboue the reach of our sences without we will violently captiuate choake and strangle her hath no desire to stay heere For she findeth nothing heere which can any way retaine or yet containe her But she is more honourable then so for she embraceth heauen and earth compasseth all the whole world pierceth the bottomlesse depths knoweth all things and bestirreth and manageth her selfe and is so glorious as that if we conserue her in her naturall excellencie all the rest of the things of the world in respect of her will seeme to be most filthie and ouglie After she hath beheld her selfe and exercised her selfe about the searching out of causes and sciences finding nothing in all this no not any thing in her selfe that liketh her selfe and resting her selfe in a desire which she hath to learne she is enforced to lift vp her selfe farre aboue the world yea and farre aboue her selfe and suffereth her selfe to be guided by the workes of the worke-maister And there she seeth all at once all sorts of beauties and perfections abutting and assembling themselues euen from their very first originall and by so much the more they appeare most excellent and wonderfull by how much the nearer they come from thence from whence they first came Altogether like vnto the Sunne beames which the nearer they are the bodie from whence they shoote and spred themselues the greater the purer and the brighter they do appeare I vse especially in this behalfe this comparison because that of all things which we know heere below nothing more proportionably agreeeth with our soule then our sight which is the most noble liuely quickest action of all our sences nor nothing more proportionable vnto God then the light which is the most pure and most excellent thing in the world And the ancient wise men haue said That the light was Gods bodie and the truth his soule representing shewing and giuing vs a taste as it were heereby of one of the greatest secrets of the Godhead We must therefore open and vnseele the eyes of our minde that we may pearse into this heauenly light euen vnto the depth of the euerlasting truth If we will neuer so little helpe our selues and lift vp our soule that she may ascend by those steppes which offer themselues vnto her and hoise vp her saile on hie what delight and pleasure might she not hope for but wish not wish for but say not say but thinke which we enioy not in full measure yea such pleasure as that we should feele encrease and redouble in vs vntill the time that being ascended vnto the feast we should be ioined vnto that first and most high light
wherof is able to keepe him backe froÌ„ comming to the point of his felicitie When man saw himselfe thus defaced he was displeased with himselfe cursed his life as a gulfe of miserie where he saw nothing before his eyes but coÌ„fusion and darkenesse And all his animaduersions were nothing but of euils and all his hope of nothing but of calamities For God being nothing but righteous and man nothing else but sinne what measure or end could there be of his punishment Howbeit the eternall wisedome who wrought with God in the creation of man hauing compassion of the losse destruction of such a worke came as Tertullian sayth to lay a steepe the poison of death in his own blood to wash cleanse vs besides to turne away the iust wrath of his Father that he might haue mercy vpon vs and so turne vnto vs againe Thus we see how we are entred againe into grace with our God purified by his mercie called againe vnto the knowledge of his truth and the beholding of his glorie Howbeit we are so peruerse obstinate in our cursednesse so great enemies to our owne felicitie as that so soone as this eternall light would begin to appeare and shine vppon the clearenesse of our consciences there to expresse and reimprint the face of his Deitie and relieue and recharge the lineaments of this deuine wisedome which are so shamefully defiled and as it were vtterly defaced as that we make a thousand foule blemishes rebound vpon our selues which blind and defile vs and thrust them selues betweene vs and the grace which should enlighten vs. We must therefore as often as we defile our selues so often also lay too our hands to wipe away our foule and filthie staines for the cleansing and clearing of our soules so that we thereby being polished the beames of our principall bountie and goodnesse may cause the clearenesse of vertue and truth most clearely shine and brightly burne vpon vs. Here then we see the meanes which we herein must hold and keepe let vs now looke what the cause of this euill is and then let vs also wisely consider of the remedie for the same In very deede our peruerse and corrupt iudgement is the very fountaine of all our offences and the spring-head of that pestilent humor which so infecteth and spoyleth vs. The things which spoyle and trouble vs are the delightes and pleasures which on euery side alure vs and make vs drunke before we are fully awake This licour then being mixed amongst our tender senses by reason of the infirmitie of our age so delicately seasoneth vs as that we can neuer after lose and forget the sauour thereof We content not our selues with moderatly drinking but we will be ouer head and eares also tarrying still by it as if we would haue the tide ouerflowe vs leauing our selues drowned as it were vpon the swallowing quicksand of miserable old age Now these sweet licours wherewith we so fill and glut our selues turne by and by into bitternes and fill our harts and minds with a venemous humor which infecteth and corrupteth vs. For the affection which we beare vnto the beauty of these created things being entertained and flattered by vs changeth it selfe into a furious and mad lust which peruerteth and ouerthroweth our sentes for the flattering and dissembling desire which we haue vnto these worldly riches turneth it selfe into a blinde and senslesse passion and are none otherwise to be esteemed in this world but as the ordure and excrement of the earth and the loue of false honor conuerteth it selfe into a foolish desire to be farre more then the rest of the world and chalengeth vnto it selfe the reuerence and seruice that is due vnto God himselfe The pleasure which we take in our feeding is turned into beastly and shamelesse gluttony The care that we take in preseruing our bodies delicately groweth into beastly vncleannesse and filthy lust and the worthinesse that we beleeue too too much of our own courage and valure turneth it selfe into outragious choler and rashnesse And surely our minds being stopped and oppressed with so foule and slimie humors can neuer breathe forth any thing that is pure and cleane Now for the purging of all these subtile and mortall passions and poysons of the minde we must see what remedie we can finde out for them and it may be it will be to good purpose to vse the counsell which a good auncient Father gaue vnto a religious nouice of his house Like as wise nurses sayd he when they will weane their children will rub the neble of their teate with wormewood and other bitter druggs euen so must we be dealt withall for the making of vs lose the taste of our delightes and pleasures for wee must set downe vnto our selues a certaine punishment for our lusts and change the houres of our pleasures into rigorous and austere exercises and at that time we are wonted to take our foolish and dissolute recreations let vs examine with all humilitie what paynes and torments our sinfull and detestable life deserueth I cannot tell whether this good old Father in speaking this thought vpon the custome which the Hebrewes vsed who made a solemne feast vpon that day that they began to weane any of their children or whether they reioyced in that their children left their weaker foode and fell to more strong and marâ—owye meates either else to stirre them vp by their example vnto a new kinde of dyer For we may verie fitlie applie this example vnto the instruction of our minâ—es if 〈◊〉 we will weane our selues from the milke of our delights and sweare an irreconciliable diuorce betweene vs and our sinnes inuiting our selues vnto the like feast as he amongâ—… those â—olie religious men of whome Phylo in the booke of a contemplatiue life maketh mention did They met together at this banquet and the first principall and most delicate and sweet dishes were the most beautifull and best tasting fruites of true wisedome which were presented vnto them by a most elegant preaching of the Prophets and commaundements of God as pure and vndefiled vessels Their reioycing was consolation their pastime austeritie their delicate dishes abstinence Their mindes being satisfied with such marrowy meate they were in a maruelous great and firme tranquillitie to be at leysure to follow their most happie contemplation And surely this exercise would become vs all very well neuerthelesse we had need euery one of vs particularly to accomplish this our purging of the soule which we call repentance by meanes whereof our soule returning into her selfe shall be able to wipe out spot by spot the blots that there most filthely do sauour Seeing then that this repentance should be vnto vs as it were the entrance and preface of a good and perfect life which should make vs cleane we should therein exercise our selues both carefully and ordinarily For seeing we are determined to erect a Temple in our soule wherein to lodge the
heaueÌ„ vnto the earth froÌ„ cleare shining bringtnesse into mâ—serable darknesse and to lead away my sences froÌ„ puritie and cleannesse into a most filthy dunghil or iakes and therfore O thou my deare soule liue yea liue I say and settle and resettle thy selfe amidst these heauenly delghts which as pearles and diamonds haue banished themselues into the wildernesse and vttermost parts of the earth and are such an excellent market as can possibly be wished vnto all such as haue the hearts to go thether to seeke after them and liue thou this blessed life which is the way of immortalitie that pleasantly leadeth vs euen into the entrie of the heauens following our God step by step and holding him by the garment where being arriued we shall be bereaued but of that clothing that hindereth vs and be cast with a lost body into the middest of the depth of his glory where being full not of pleasure ease reioycing delights and voluptuousnesse but with an vnspeakable and vnbeleeueable contentment which surpasseth whatsoeuer we are able not to speake of but to thinke of We shall begin the course of this immortall life which neuer shall haue end enter into this eternall blessednes out of which we shal neuer come be enlightened with that most heauenly glory which neuer shal be darkened But because that this last most perfect felicitie consisteth in beholding the face of the father of light wherein we shall see the spring-head and originall beginning of all goodnesse and excellencie will not haue vs see him face to face so long as we are encompassed about with the darknesse of this world but onely his back part as it were passing by we might hold our peace and with silence admire that which we know to be but we know not how neither are we once able to speake thereof but that we must needes accuse our owne ignorance and that whereof we are not able to affirme any thing saue that we know not any thing thereof by any of our sences but is a thing which beyond all whatsoeuer for our sences can no way possibly pierce so farre into it and the more that our spirit striueth to enter into it the more it stumbleth therat What is there then for vs to do Forsooth a most assured hope that if we liue heere in this world holily righttuously and make our selues worthy of the grace and fauour which our heauenly father offreth vnto vs one withdraw draw not our affections from him and giue not the honour which we owe vnto him vpon and to these earthly and worldly things we shall one day enter as his children and heyres of his glory into the treasury of his heauenly ritches and enioy according to his promises the brightnesse of his eternitie I Haue adioyned this Epistle vnto the end of this treatise because they are both of like argument and because also we should not so esteeme of our owne inuentions as that we should not commend likewise the workes of the auncient fathers who haue farre exceeded vs both in age zeale and knowledge And that small diuersitie that may be found in the translation may be imputed vnto the barenesse of our language wherein as in a painting men are enforced to imitate by shadowes and images the helpe of naturall bodies And let a man do what soeuer he can yet is it a rare and strange thing to make the counterfet of any thing equall vnto the thing it selfe The Epistle of S. Basile the Great vnto S. Gregorie the deuine I Haue forthwith re-acknowledged your letter as men reacknowledge their friends children to be like vnto their parents for there is no man that can or may better mislike of our heremitages than you your selfe nor know before hand what our manner of life and ordinarie conuersation is to vphold and maintaine that the choise of places can any way enlarge and encrease your heart vnto deuotion and that there is nothing therin at all which may cause you to hope for any such sweet delight and felicity which we heerein promise vnto our selues In very deed I should be ashamed to cause you to haue a desire to write hereof that which I my selfe day and night do here in this wildernesse For although I haue left the city all those tedious dealings which brought vnto me with them a thousand mischiefes and a thousand discommodeties yet can I not possibly leaue my selfe but am euen properly most like vnto them that being not wonted vnto the sea grow so sick when they are a ship-borde thinking thegreatnesse of the vessell and rolling thereof to be the cause of their sicknesse are desirous to go downe into the cockboate for the easing and bettering of themselues and when they are there they grow sicker then they were before because they carie with them both their stomach and choller also into it And after that manner fareth it also with me for I carrying with my selfe both my priuate and particular passions am continually in the very selfe same trouble and vnquietnesse that I was before and so I haue gotten nothing by withdrawing my selfe from the world Howbeit whosoeuer he be that would do that that should further his saluation and follow the way of him which saith If any man will follow me let him forsake himself and take vp his crosse and follow me the same man without doubt shall finde rest vnto his soule For as the eye which continually mooueth and rolleth it selfe hither and thither sometime high and sometime lowe can neuer looke straite vpon any thing and therefore if he will looke well he must stedfastly cast and fixe his eye altogether vpon one point euen so mans vnderstanding being drawne away with a thousand sundrie cares cannot well bend it selfe aright vnto the knowledge of the truth for the vnmaried man shall be carried away with foule and beastly desires and lusts troubled with foolish and furious loue toyes other vnbrideled desires And on the otherside with how many cares shal the maried maÌ„ be thwarted for if he hath no children that will be a great corsiue to him he must also haue an eye ynto his wife he must prouide for the necessaries of his house he must be at charges with his seruants he shal be at variance with his neighboures he shall always be at sute in the law his marchandize shall be in hazard and the manuring and storing of his grounds will be a great paine and charge vnto him he shall euery day haue new troubles in his minde and the night which bringeth with it all the cares of the day forepassed will tosse vp and downe in his fantasie And there is but one onely remedie for all this which is wholy to forsake the world neither must he abandon his bodie onely from the world but he must with a sweet and an assured resolution separate his minde cleane from the world yea he must as it were violently pluck away his very