the Teeth of Fishes white as the driven Snow or the polished Ivorie and therein placed the greatest part of their pride and bravery Nor are the modern Irish much abhorrent from such barbarous customs as plainly shew from what Originall they descend altered but little by converse with more civill Nations Oâ— naturall constitution generally strong and nimble of body haughty of heart careless of their lives patient in cold and hunger implacable in enmity constant in love light of belief greedy of glory and in a word if they be bad you shall no-where find worse if they be good you shall 〈◊〉 meet with better The Diet especially of the meer Irish is for the most part on herbs roots butter mingled with oat-flower milk and beef-broth eating flesh many times without bread which they disgest with â—â—quebaugh and give their bread-corn to their horses instead of Proâ—â—nder But more particularly those of the richer sort in all parts and of all sorts those which inhabit within the Pale as they themselves call it and in such places where the English Discipline hath been entertained conformable to civility both in behaviour and apparrell The Kernes for by that name they call the wild Irish of the poorer and inferiour sort most extremely barbarous not behaving themselves like Christians scarcely like men All of them so tenacious of their antient customs that neither power nor reason nor the sense of the inconveniencies which they suffer by it can wean them to desert or change them A pregnant evidence whereof is their use oâ— Ploughing not with such geares or harness as in other places but by tying the hindmost horses head to the tayl of the former which makes the poor Jades draw in a great deal of pain makes them unserviceable by the soon losing of their tayls and withall is a course of so slow a dispatch that they cannot break up as much ground in a week as a good Teem well harnessed would perform in a day yet no perswasion hath been able to prevail upon them for the changing of this hurtfull and ridiculous custom And when the Earl of Strafford the late Lord Deputy had damned it by Act of Parliament and laid a penalty on such as should after use it the people thought it such a grievance and so injurious to the Nation that among other things demanded towards a Pacification of the present troubles their Agents and Commissioners insisted eagerly on the abrogation of this Law An humour like to this in the point of Husbandry we shall hereafter meet with in another place Neer of kin to which is a lazie custom that they have of burning their straw rather than put themselves to the pains to thresh it by that means to part it from the corn From which no reason can disswade them nor perswasions winne them They have among them other customs as absurd though less inconvenient as placing a green bush on May-day before their doores to make their kine yeeld the more milk kneeling down to the New Moon as soon as they see it desiring her to leave them in as good health as shee found them and many others of like nature They use a Language of their own but spoken also in the West of Scotland and the Hâ—brâ—des or Western Ilands which though originally British or a Dialect of it by reason of their intermixture with 〈◊〉 Danes Easterlings or Oost-mans and English-Saxons hath no Affinitie with the Wâ—lch for ought I can learn The Christian Faith was first preached among them by S. Patrick affirmed to be the Nephew of S. Maâ—tin of â—ouâ—s Anno 435. Reformed in the more civill parts and the English Colonies according to the platform of the Church of England but the Kernes or naturall wild Irish and many of the better sort of the Nation also either adhere unto the Pope or to their own superstitious fancies as in former times And to say truth it is no wonder that they should there being no care taken to instruct them in the Protestant Religion either by translating the Bible or the Engliâ—h Liturgâ—e into their own Language as was done in Wales but forcing them to come to Church to the Engliâ—h Service which the people understand no more than they do the Mass By meanâ— whereof the Irish are not onely kept in continuall ignorance as to the doctrine and devotions of the Church of England and others of the Protestant Churches but those of Rome are furnished with an excellent Argument for having the Service of the Church in a Language which the common Hearers doe not understand And therefore I doe heartily commend it to the care of the State when these distempers are composed to provide that they may have the Bible and all other publick means of Christian Instruction in their naturall tongue The Soil of it self is abundantly fruitfull but naturally fitter for grass and pasturage than it is for tillage as may be seen in such places where the industrie of man is aiding to the naturall goodâ—ess of the Soil But where that wanteth the Country is either over-grown with Woods or encombred with vast Boggs and unwholesom Marishes yeelding neither profit nor pleasure unto the Inhabitants In some places as in the County of Armagh so rank and fertill that the laying of any soil or compost on it doth abate its fruitfulness and proves the worst Husbandry that can be It hath been antiently very famous for the Piety and Religious lives of the Monks Amongst whom I cannot but remember Columbus and of him this memorable Apothegm when offered many fair preferments to leave his Country he returned this Answer It becomes not them to imbrace other mens goods who for Christs sake had forfaken their own Of no less pietie but more eminent in point of Learning was Richard Fitz-Rafe Arch-Bishop of Armagh commonly called Armacanus who flourished about the yeer 1350. A declared Enemie of the Errors and corruptions of the Church of Rome It is affirmed of this Iland that amongst other Privileges which it hath above other Ilands it fostereth no venomous Serpent and that no such will live here brought from other places Hence of her self we find her speaking in the Poet. Illa ego sum Graiis Glacialis Hibernia dicta Cui Deus melior rerum nascentium Origo Ius commune dedit cum Creta altrice Tonantis Angues ne nostris diffundant sibila in oris I am that Iland which in times of old The Greeks did call Hibernia ycie-cold Secur'd by God and Nature from this fear Which gift was given to Crete Ioves Mother dear That poisonous Snake should never here be bred Or dare to hiss or hurtfull venom spred The other miracles of this Iland are 1 That there is a Lake in the Countie of Armagh into which if one thrust a peece of Wood he shall find that part of it which remaineth in the Mud to be turned into Iron and that which is in the Water to be turned into a Whet-Stone richly
morrow after this overthrow he was condemned to lose his Head but pardoned at last on condition that he should ransomlesse set free Marquesse Albert of Brandenbourg renounce his dignity of the Electorship resigne up all his inheritance with the like harsh Articles It was also urged that he should alter his Religion but that he so constantly denyed that it was omitted For his after maintenance there were rendred back unto him the towns of Weymar and Goth from the former of which his Posterity are now called Dukes of Saxon-Weymar After this Victory the Emperour fraudulently intrapped the Lantgrave then marched he against the Cities in all which he prevailed restored the Masse and drave them to hard composition for their liberties It was thought that in this war the Emperour got 1600000 Crowns and 500 peeces of Ordinance The Imprisonment of the Lantgrave contrary to the Emperours promise was the chief thing which overthrew his good fortune For Duke Maurice having pawned his word and given unto the Lantgraves children his Bond for the safe return of their Father found himself much wronged and grieved therefore consulting with Baron Hedeck he entred league with the French King associated himself with Marquesse Albert of Brandenbourg suddenly surprised Auspurg and by the terrour which his haste brought with it forced the Emperour to flie from Inspruch and the Fathers to break up the Councell of Trent The Emperour now brought low easily hearkned to an honourable Composition which not long after was concluded the Cities recovering their Priviledges free passage being given to the Reformation and all things else reduced to the same state they were in before the wars the restoring of John-Frederick to his Dukedom and Electorship excepted only So did this Duke Maurice both overthrow the liberty of his Country and restore it so was the work of Reformation by his means depressed by the same again revived and established stronger then ever Thus we see that of the Poet verified Vel nemo vel qui mihi vulnera fecit Solus Achillaeo tollere more potest None but the man which did his Country wound Achilles-like could heal and make it sound It is observed by some that the deprivation of John Frederick and the advancement of Maurice fell out very happily for the confirming of the Reformation then contended for First in regard of John Frederick whose Christian patience and Magnanimity during the whole time of his imprisonment added great reputation to the cause for which he he suffered 2 In respect of Duke Maurice who was a man of far greater parts to advance the work and every way as zealous in pursuance of it as the other was And 3 In relation to the children of the deprived Duke men not to be relied on in a matter of such weight and moment insomuch as it was said of him after his decease Quod filios reliquerit sui dissimillimos But to return unto my story The doctrine of Luther thus setled in Germany and being so agreeable to the Word of God was quickly propagated over all Christendome the reasons of which next unto the Almighty power of the most High may be principally six 1 The diligence and assiduity of preaching in City and Village 2 The publishing of books of Piety and Christian Religian 3 The translations of the Scriptures into the vulgar languages whereby the simple might discern good from bad the muddy doctrine of Rome from the clear water of life 4 The education of youth especially in Catechismes which contained the whole body of Christian religion which once well planted in their mindes was irradicable 5 The continuall offers of disputations with the adverse party in a publick audience which being denyed gave assurance of the truth and soundnesse of the one side as of the falshood and weaknesse of the other 6 Their compiling of Martyrologies and Histories of the Church which cannot but work an admirable confirmation of Faith and constancy in the hearers and readers There is one only policy wanting namely the calling of a generall Synod to compose the differences of the reformed Church about the Sacrament and Predestination which would certainly strengthen their own cause and weaken the enemies whose chief hopes are that the present disagreements will arme party against party to their own destruction But God grant that their hopes may be frustrated and we will say with the Poet Haemanus Trojam erigent Parvas habet spes Troja si tales habet Shall these small jarres restore the ruin'd Pope Small hope he hath if this be all his hope But it is time we should proceed to the story of Saxony the ancient inhabitants of which tract were the Longobardi or Lombards of Magdeburg and part of the Cherusci about Mansteld and Wirtenberg Overcome by the prevailing Saxons they became part of their name and Country which in the full extent thereof was once far greater then now it is containing all the Countries betwixt the Rhene and the River Eydore in the Cimbrick Chersonesse and from the River Saltza to the German and Baltick Oceans These said by some to be a People of Asia and there called the Sacae who finding that small territory now a part of Persia too narrow for them forsook their Country and at last fixed themselves in the Cimbrick Chersonesse where they first took the names of Pasaeasons or Sac-sons that is to say the â—ons of the Sacae The improbality of this we have there disputed Omitting therefore that and the like Originations of them I conceive them for my part to be naturall Germans some tribe of that most populous and potent people of the Suevi but for the reason of the name let every man enjoy the pleasure of his own opinion Certain I am that in Ptolemies time they were possessed of those parts beyond the Elb thence extended to the Eydore part of which tract is now known by the name of Holstein and were accounted in that time to be no new-comers Afterwards as they grew in number they inlarged their quarters and passing over the Elb in the time of the latter Roman Emperours possessed themselves of the void places which were left by the French then busied in the conquest of more fruitfull Countries communicating their name to all the Nations which they overcame as the French had formerly done before them So that in fine they took up the now Dukedomes of Holstein Lunenbourg and Brunswick the Bishopricks of Bremen Verda Hildersheim Halberstad and Magdeburg the old Marches of Brandenbourg the Earldome of Mansfield Wesiphalen both Friselands Overyssell with as much of Guelderland and Holland as lay on that side of the Rhene By which account the present Electorall Family hath not one foot of the old Saxony in their possession the seat and Patrimony of the Electors being removed into other Countries upon the alterations and changes which have hapned in that estate the name and title of Saxony being given to the Country about Wittenberg for no
Roman Emâ—ire or that of the Sultans under the Mahometan Caliphs and the Vice-Roys of the old Egyptian Pharaohs An office which had been born by the Ancestors of this Martel ever since the reign of Clotaire the second in whose time the Palatine or Mayre was one Arnulphus descended lineally from Vâ—ilo the second Sonne of Adalgerio the first King of the Boiarians or Bavarians Which Vtilo being a military Prince and having done good service to Theodorick the first King of Austrasia or Mets against the Danes then grievously infesting the Coasts of the Lower-Germany was by him made Warden of those Marches and honoured with the mariage of his Daughter Clotilde and liberally endowed with fair possessions in this tract The fourth from Vtilo was this Arunlph the first Mayre of this house which Office having long enjoyed he resigned it to Ansegisus his eldest Sonne the first who drew unto himself the Managery of the whole Estate and bidding farewell to the affairs of the World became a Priest and dyed a Bishop of Mets Anno 641. Afterwards Canonized a Saint Ansegisus dying in the year 679. left his authority and Office to his Nephew Martin Sonne of Ferdulphus his younger Brother But he being slain by Ebroinus one of the Competitors who a while enjoyed it Pepin surnamed the Pat Sonne of Ansegisus revenging his Cozins death upon Ebronius and crushing all the opposite factions which were raised against him obtained that honour for himself And having much advanced the affairs of France by the conquest of the Sueves and Frisons died in the year 714. Succeeded to in this great Office after his decease for Grimold his only lawfull Sonne and Theobalaus the Sonne of Grimold whom he had successively substituted in the same died not long before him by Charles his natural Son begotten on Albieda his Concubine from his martiall prowess called Martel Who in his time did to the Kings of France great service especially in routing that vast Army of the Moores and Saracens in the battel of â—ours before mentioned thereby not only freeing France from the present danger but adding Languedâ—c to the Crown formerly in possession of the Gothes and Moores for which he was created Duke or Prince of the French yet would he not usurp the Kingdom or the title of King though both at his disposall wholly it being his ordinary Saying that he had rather Rule a King than be one To him succeeded Caroloman his eldest Sonne Anno 741. who held the office but a year and then left it to his Brother Pepin Who being of less moderation than his Father was made such use of his power that partly by that means and partly under colour of an election confirmed by Pope Zacharie the first he took the Kingdom to himself and the unfortunate King Chilperick had his powle shaven and was thrust into a Monasterie For this investiture both Pepin and Charles his Son did many good services for the Popes destroying on their quarrel the Kingdom of the Lombaerds and giving them most of the Lands which formerly belonged unto the Exrohs of Ravenna And on the other side the Popes to requite these curtesies confirm'd the former in this Kingdom by their Papal Power which then began to bear some sway in the Christian World and gave the last besides the opportunity of attaining the Western Empire the Title of Most Christian King continued ever since unto his Successors And to say truth he well deserved those honours and had they been farr greater by many victories obtained against the Enemies of rhe Gospel the several Heathens by his means converted to the Faith of Christ the great abilities he had of estate and judgement inabling him to support the Majestie of the Roman Empire For he not only was sole Monarch of the Kingdom of France not parcelled out as formerly and in times succeeding into several petit Kingdoms and Principalities but had added thereunto by his own proper vertue the greatest part of Italie the best part of Germany all Belgium the two Pannonia's and a great part of Spain But this vast Empier falling into weak hands which were not able enough to manage it decaied in as little time as it was in raising partly by the unnaturall Ambition of the Sonnes of King Lewis the Godly the next Successor of this Charles who to make themselves all Kings first deposed their Father and then divided his Estate amongst them into the Kingdoms of Italy Burgundy France Lorrain and Germany four of which falling at last into the hands of strangers ceased to be French and passed into such Famlies as proved the greatest enemies of the Crown of France partly by alienating the best and goodliest Provinces of France it self never again united till these later dayes which made the French Kings less considerable both at home and abroad which we have touched upon before and partly by the weakness and unworthiness of the Kings of this race there being no question to be made but Lewis the Stammering Charles the Balâ— the Gross and the Simple would have found better Attributes if they had deserved them For by this means the issue of this brave Prince grew so despicable in the eys of their Subjects that first Eudes the Sonne of Robert Duke of Anjou and after Rodolph Duke of Burgundy the Vncle of Eudes both of the race of Witikindus the last Prince of the Saxons and consequently both Aliens to the House of Charles possessed themselves severally of the Kingdom And though they did not hold it long being depressed and overborn by their opposite factions yet did they lay a fair ground for Hugh Capet to build his hopes on Who being Sonne of Hugh the Great Constable of France and Earl of Paris the Sonne of Robert Duke of Anjou younger Brother of Eudes and neer kinsman of Rodolphe never left practising his party in the Realm of France till he had got possession of the Regall Diadem wherewith two Princes of his house had been invested formerly by the like Elections But for the Kings of this second Race founded by two brave Princes but on the unjust grounds of an usurpation they are these that follow The second race of the Kings of France of the Carolovinian or Boiarian Line A. Ch. 151. 1 Pepin the Sonne of Charles Martel succeeded in the Office of Mayre Anno 742 and having got the Regal Crown vanquished the Lombards made the Boiarians tributarie and crushed the Saxons 18. 769. 2 Charles surnamed the Great the Sonne of Pepin subdued the Kingdoms of the Lombards and Saxons conquered the Boiarians and Avares and vanquished the Saracens of Spain Crowned Emperour of the West upon Christmas day by Pope Leo the third Anno 800 46. 815. 3 Lewis the Godly Sonne of Charles King of France and Emperour the last sole Monarch of the French deposed by his ambitious and unnaturall Sonnes the Empire of the French after his decease being divided into the Kingdoms of Italie Bâ—rgundie Germanie
torture that it is counted the greatest tyrannie and severest kind of persecution under Heaven Insomuch that many Papists who would willingly die for their Religion abhor the very name and mention of it and to the death withstand the bringing in of this slavery among them This is it that made the people of Aragon and Naples rebel Countries where the people are all of the Papal side and this was it which caused the irremediable revolt of the Low-countries the greatest part of that Nation at the time of their taking Arms being Romish Catholicks Yet is it planted and established in Spain and all Italy Naples and Venice excepted the managing thereof committed to the most zealous fierie and rigorous Friers in the whole pack The least suspition of heresie affinitie or commerce with Hereticks reproving the lives of the Clergy keeping any books or Editions of books prohibited or discoursing in matters of Religion are offences sufficient Nay they will charge mens consciences under pain of damnation to detect their nearest and dearest friends if they doe but suspect them to be herein culpable Their proceedings are with great secrecie and security for 1. the parties accused shall never know their Accuser but shall be constrained to reveal their own thoughts and affections 2. If they be but convinced of any errour in any of their opinions or be gainsayed by two witnesses they are immediatly condemned 3. If nothing can be proved against them yet shall they with infinit tortures and miseries be kept in the house divers yeers for a terrour to others and 4. If they escape the first brunt with many torments and much anguish yet the second questioning or suspition brings death remediless And as for torments and kinds of death Phalaris and his Fellow-tyrants come far short of these-blood-hounds The Administration of this Office for the more orderly Reglement and dispatch thereof distributed into twelve Courts or Supreme Tribunals for the severall Provinces of Sâ—ain no one depending on another in which those of the Secular Clergy sit as Iudges the Friers being only used as Promoters to inform the Court and bring more Grist unto the Mill. Of those Inquisitors every one hath the Title of Lord and are a great terrour to the neighbouring Peasants I here goeth a Tale how one of their Lordships desirous to eat of the Pears which grew in a poor mans Orchard not far off sent for the man to come unto him which put the poor soul into such a fright that he fell sick upon it and kept his bed Being afterwards informed that all his Lordships busines with him was to request a Dish of his Pears he pulled the tree up by the roots and carried it unto him with the Fruit upon it And when he was demanded the reason of that rash and improvident action he returned this Answer that he would never keep that thiâ—â— in his house which should give any of their Lordships cause to send further after him Certain it is that by this means the people of this kingdom are so kept under that they dare not hearken after any other Religion than what their Priests and Friers shall be pleased to teach them or entertain the truth if it come amongst them or call in question any of those palpable and gross â—mpostures which every day are put upon them But to return unto the Moores most of which by the terrour of this Inquisition proâ—â—ssed in shew the Christian Faith But being Christians only in the outward shew and practising on all occasions against the State the Kings of Spain resolved long agoe on their Exterminatâ—on but never had opportunity to effect it till the yeer 1609. At what time Philip the third having made a peace with England and a truce with Holland and finding the Moores of Africk 〈…〉 in wars that they were not able to disturb him put that extreme rigour in execution which had before been thought of in their consultations 1100000 of them being forced to quit this 〈◊〉 and provide new dwellings under colour that they went about to free themselves from the 〈◊〉 and to recover their old Liberty lost so long before The Forces which the Kings of Granada in the times of their greatest power were able to 〈◊〉 were far beyond the Ameasurement and extent of their kingdom not above 700 miles in 〈◊〉 as before is said but so exceeding populous and well accommodated wâ—â—hall manner 〈◊〉 necessaries that within two dayes space the King hereof was able to draw 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Horse and 200000 Foot for defence of the Kingdom The Armes whereof were Or a Pomgranat or Apple of Granada slipped Vert. 8 MVRCIA MVRCIA is bounded on the West with Granada on the East with Valentia on the North with Valentia and a part of Granada and on the South with the Mediterranean Seas so called from Murcia the chief Citie In former times esteemed a rich and wealthy Countrey stored with all sorts of fruits and so abounding in Silver Mines that when the Romans were Lords of it they kept continually 400 men at work and received 2500 Drachmas of daily profit now for the most part barren and but ill inhabited Cities of note there are not many in so small a Countrey The principal 1 Murcia by Ptolomiâ— called Menâ—alâ—a seated upon the River Segura a Bishops See situate in a pleasant and delightfull Plain planted with Pomgranats and other excellent fruits From this the Countrey had the name of the Kingdom of Murcia 2 Carthagena or Nova Carthago first built by Asdâ—ubal of Carthage the Brother of Annibal for the better receiving of such aids both of men and money as should come from Africa Situate in a Demi-Iland in the very jawes of the Mediterranean by which and by a deep Marish on the West side of it so impregnably fortified that if Scipiâ— afterwards called Asricanus who then lay at the siege thereof had not been shewed a way over that Marish at a dead low Water by some poor Fisher-men of Tarragon who knew the secret he had there lost both his time and Honour Nothing more memorable in the sackâ—ge and spoyl thereof though there was found abundance of Armes and Treasure than the vertue of Scipio who finding there many Spanish Ladies of great birth and beauties left there as Hostages for the Spaniards with the Carthaginians would not permit any of them to be brought before him for fear it should betray him to some inconvenience Being reedified it was made a Roman Colonie and one of the seven Iuridicall Resorts of Tarraconensiâ— by Constantine made a chief Citie of the new Province of Carthaginensis which was hence denominated Afterwards twice sacked by the Gothes and Vandals it lay for a long time buried in its own ruins And though again new built and peopled it is still but smal containing at the most but 600 Housholds and would be utterly abandoned but for the safety of the place and the strength thereof garrison'd and fortified very
the last Earl unto Philip the Good continuing ever since in the house of Burgundie or in their right in those of Austria and Spain The Armes hereofate Or a Lyon Sable debruised with a Bend Gules 6. LVXENBOVRG LVXENBOVRG is bounded on the East with the Mosette and the land of Triers on the West with the Meuse or Maes and a branch of the forrest of Ardenne on the North with Luyck-land Namur and a part of Hainalt and on the South with the Dutchie of Lorrain Divided into two parts the Eastern part being called Fanenne fruitfull of corn and yeelding withall some wines some mines and many excellent quarries of goodly stone the Western called the Ardenne a remainder of that spacious Forrest which sometimes overshadowed all this countrey barren of corn but very plentifull of Venison and of Fowle good store The people of this country are not all of one language those nearer Germanie as in Luxenbourg Arlune Rodemark Theonville and the rest on that side speaking the Dutch as those of Ivois Mommedi Morvill and Damvilliers with the rest bordering on France do a corrupt or broken French In which regard the pleadings held before the Councell residing in Luxenbourg are made in both Languages that so they may be understood by all that have businesse there But the Nobility and Gentry of which there is more in this Province then in any other of the seventeen speak both Tongues perfectly A breed of men full of vertue curtesie and hospitality towards one another and of great truth and faith to their Prince but reckoned for the worst Landlords in all these countries governing their Subjects and Tenants like the Pesants of France contrary to the use and liberties of the rest of the Netherlands Both sorts as well the Nobility as the Commons hate both Law and Lawyers and for the most part end their controversies amongst themselves without any processe The whole countrey containeth in compasse about 70. leagues or 200. Italian miles in which are comprehended 23. walled Towns and 1168. Burroughs and Villages The principall of which are 1. Lucembourg built in the place where anciently stood the Augusta Veromanduorum of Ptolemie and took this new name quasi Lucis burgum from the image of the Sun there worshipped seated on the Alsnutius or Alze which runneth through it large and of a strong situation but not very well built nor yet recovered of the spoils which the long wars betwixt the French and the Spaniard brought upon it before the treaty of Cambray However it is the chief Town of the Province honoured with the residence of the Councell hereof and the Sepulchre of John K. of Bohemia slain in the battell of Crecie against the English anno 1348. 2. Arlune on the top of an high hill so called quasi Aralunae from an Altar consecrated to the Moon in the times of Paganisme 3. Theonville on the Moselle over which it hath a goodly bridge a frontier Town near Metz and the border of Lorrain and for that cause made marvellous strong but taken by the French anno 1558. and restored the next year by the peace of Cambray 4. Bostoack a fair Town and very well traded commonly called the Paris of Ardenne in which part it standeth 5. Mommedi on an high hill at the foot of which runneth the River Chiers 6. Danvilliers once a very strong place also both taken and ransacked by the French anno 1552. 7. Morville upon the Chiers the one half whereof belongeth to the Duke of Lorrain the other to the King of Spain as Duke of Luxenbourg for which cause called Laville commune 8. Rock di March fortified with a strong Castle 9. Ivoys a place once of great importance sacked by the French anno 1552. and restored by the treaty of Cambray on condition it should never more be walled 10. La Ferte on the Chiers a Town of the same condition In the skirts of this countrey towards France standeth the Dukedome of Bovillon and the principality of Sedan distinct Estates and in the hands of severall Owners yet so that the Soveraign of Sedan is stiled Duke of Bovillon Towns of most note 1. Bovillon the chief Town built on the side of an hill near the River Senoy a fair large City and beautified with a goodly Castle on the top of an hill so strong as well by Art as Nature that before the use of great Ordnance it was held impregnable but since it hath been often taken sometimes by the Emperours and finally anno 1552. by the French King It hath command over a fair and goodly Territory honoured with the title of a Dutchy and is now in the hands of the Bishops of Leige to one of whose Predecessors named Obert it was sold by Godfrey of Bovillon Duke of Lorrain at his going to the Holy-land 2. Sedan or Esdain situate on the banks of the Maes or Mosa the usuall residence of the Prince a fine neat Town well fortified and planted with 80. brasse Pieces of Ordnance honoured also with a seat of Learning which being of a middle nature betwixt a Grammar Schoole and an University is in the Criticisme of these times called a Scholaillustris to which men may send their children to learn good letters though they can take in them no Degrees that being a priviledge reserved only to the Universities So that these Schooles may be somewhat like our Collegiate Churches of Westminster Winchester and Eaton but that the younger Students in these last named are more reâ—trained to Rhetorick and Grammar then in the other though these more liberally indowed for the incouragement and reward of learning then all the Scholae illusâ—res of either Germanie 3. Loni 4. Mouson Musonium it is called in Latine a Town of great strength and consequence on the River Maes upon some jealousies of State garrison'd by the French as some other good Peers of this Dukedome are 5. Sausi and 6. Florenge which two last came unto the Princes of Sedan by the Lady Jone the wife of Robert Earl of Mark and mother of that Robert Earl of Mark who first of all this house was honoured with the title of Duke of Bovillon All taken and levelled with the ground by Charles the 5. in his war against Robert Earl of Mark and Duke of Bovillon but afterwards repaired on the peace ensuing 7. Jamais a Town of great importance on the edge of Lorrain by the Duke whereof in the year 1589 it was taken after a long siege from the Lady Charlotte the last Heire Generall of this House and laid unto that Dukedome as a part thereof As for the Dukedome of Bovillon it was anciently a part of the great Earldome of Aâ—denne by Geofrey of Ardenne Duke of Bovillon united to the Dukedome of Lorrain at his investiture in that estate anno 1004. By Geofrey the 2. of that name and fift Duke of Lorrain it was given in Dower to his Sister Ida at her marriage with Eustaâ— Earl of
as formerly was said here are very few and of those few the principall are called Lycus and Lapithus the first running towards the South the last towards the North both not seldome so dried up that they leave their empty Channels without any water Both also have their Source from the hill O'ympus the highest Mountain of the Iland garnished with Trees and fruits of all sorts in compass about eighteen Leagues which make four and fifty Italian miles and at the end of every League a Monastery of Greek Monks or Caloires and a fountain of fresh water for the use of the house Here are also two other little Rivers the one called 3. Bodeus the other 4. Tolius but of the same nature as the former By Ptolomy or in his time divided into four parts or Provinces but since it fell into the hands of the Lusignan family distributed into twelve Counties or Cantrades most of them called by the names of their Principal Towns viz. 1. Nicosia 2. Famagusta 3. Paphia 4. Audima 5. Limissa 6. Masorum 7. Salines 8. Messoria 9. Crusocus 10. Pentalia 11. Carpassus 12. Cerines The whole containing besides these Cities and great Towns 805 Villages or thereabouts which they called Casales whereof the one half antiently belonged unto the Crown the other half divided betwixt the Lay-Nobility and the Ecclesiasticks the Patrimony of these last being computed at 80000 Crowns of annual rents besides casualties and the vails of the Altar But because the tracing out of these Cantrades will be very difficult as a way which none have gone before me I will adhere to the division made hereof in the time of Ptolomy into the Provinces of 1. Paphia 2. Amathusia 3. Lapethia and 4. Salamine 1. PAPHIA so called of Paphos the chief town thereof taketh up the West part of the Iland in which the Townes of most importance and observation are 1. Paâ—hos on the Sea-side by Pliny called Pala-paphos or old Paphus built as some say by Cyniras the Father of Myrrha and so named in memory of Paphus his father but as others say by Paphos the Sonne of Pygmalion Kings of Phoenicia and Cyprus to which last Ovid doth agree who speaking of Pygmalions statue turned into a woman by the power of Venus or rather of his beautiful wife fabled for the surpassing whiteness of her skin to be made of Ivorie he addes this of her Illa Paphum genuit de quo tenet insula nomen She Paphus bare from whom the name Of Paphia to the Iland came Here Venus had her so much celebrated Temple hence the name of Paphia and here her Votaries of both sexes in their natural nakedness did perform her sacrifices Both Town and Temple ruined by a fearfull Earthquake or as the Legends have it by the prayers of Saint Barnabas the ruins of it still remaining 2. Paphos Nova or New Paphos Now called Basso five miles from the old built by Agapenor one of the Nephews of Lycurgus the Spartan Law-giver after the sack of Troy forced hither by a violent tempest consecrate to the same impure Godess and much frequented but without injury to the other those which here offered not thinking they had done her sufficient service unlesse they went in a solemn manner of procession and paid their vowes also at the other 3. Arsinoe situate betwixt both built by or called so in honour of Arsinoe daughter of Ptolomy the first King Egypt and Lord of Cyprus of that house 4. Drepanun now called Trepano under the Promontory so named a well-traded Port but miserably defaced by the Turks when they took this Iland 5. Connelia one of the richest of the Iland by reason of the plenty of Sugar and Cotton and Wooll growing thereabouts Built in the place of 6. Cithera dedicated to Venus also but differing from the Iland of that name in the Aegean Sea rather in pronunciation than the purity of her oblations the last syllable save one in the name of that Iland being short in verse but this of Cyprus sounding long as in this of Virgil. Est Amathus est celsa mihi Paphos atque Cithera Cithera Amathus divine And lofty Paphos are all mine 2. On the South-East of Paphia lieth the Province or District of AMATHVSIA taking up the South parts of the Island which look towards Egypt Chief Towns hereof 1. Amathus giving name unto this division then of most note and much frequented for the annuall sacrifices made unto Adonis the darling of Venus who had here another of her Temples the ruins of both hardly now discerned Built as some say by Amasis King of Egypt when he conquered this Iland but as others say by some of the Anathites descended from Anath one of the Sons of Canaan 2. Cetium or Citium for I find it called by both names the birth-place of Zeno the Stoick hence called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Citiensis and memorable for the death of Cimon the Athenian Generall a Town wherein the memory of Cittim the Son of Javan is most apparently preserved 3. Episcopio one of the chief of all the Island built on the place or out of the decay of 4. Curias not far from the Promontory of the same name founded by the Argives where Apollo had both a Grove and a Temple by the name of Apollo Hylates his Altars in those times held so sacred that whosoever presumed to touch them was thrown into the Sea from the Promontory or rocks adjoining 5. Salines or Salinae so called from the rich Saltpits one of the chief Towns of this part and giving name to one of these twelve Cantrades into which the whole is now divided 3. LAPETHIA the third part of the Iland lyeth on the North thereof opposite to Cilicia in Asia Minor Places of most importance in it 1. Nicosia the Regall City of the Kings and the See of the Arch-Bishop and the chief of the Iland antiently called Ledronsis and Lenteinis but those mames long ago laid by Situate in the midest of the Isle and in a plain and champain Countrey obundantly fertile and delightfull Environed with a fair wall so exactly round as if it had been drawn with a pair of compasses in circuite about five miles and both for situation numbers of people and magnificent buildings of all sorts both publick and private compared by some to the most beautiful City of Florence Fortified by the Venetians when in their possession with new walls deep ditches and eleven strong Bullwarks with three great Out-works all of them built according to the Art of modern fortification But notwithstanding all these works and the help of 250 peece of Cannon planted on the walls and about the City it was by the Turks taken at the second or third assault Septemb. 9. Anno 1570. So evident a truth it is that Fortifications are more strengthened by the gallantry and courage of the Defendants than the Defendants are by their Fortifications 2. Cerines situate neer the Sea strong by art and
unto Edom whom he overcame and put Garrisons into all their Cities and the Edomites became his servants Governed from thenceforth by a Deputy or Vice-Roy as is said before till the time of Joram the Son of Jehosophat King of Judah in whose Reign they revolted as before was said Never regained to that Crown and but twice endeavoured that so the word of God might be all in all Onely the Simeonites in the reign of Hezekiah wanting pasture for their cattel and room for themselves seized on the parts which lay neerest to them destroyed the inhabitants thereof and dwelt in their habitations because there was pasture for their flocks 1. Chron. 4. 39. Provoked wherewith and with the natural Antipathy which was between them No people were more mischievously bent against Judah than these Edomites were no men so forward of themselves to assist Nabuchadonosor against Hierusalem none that so vehemently cryed Down with it down unto the ground none half so ready to set fire to the holy Temple But they got little by this service to the Babylonians their own thraldome following close upon that of Judah with whom made fellow-subjects to the Chaldaeans as afterwards to the Persians and Kings of Syria of the race of Seleucus In the declining of that house subdued by Hyrcanus the Son of Simon the fourth of the Maccabaean Princes by whom they were compelled to be Circumcised and to receive the Law of Moses not onely reckoned after that as a Province of the Jewish Kingdome but as naturall Jews Which notwithstanding and that the setting of that Crown on the head of Herod and his house being originally Idumaenus might in all reason have extinguished their inveterate malice yet was their hatred of that Nation as great as ever Forgetting therefore how they had been rewatded by the Babylonians they would needs aid the Romans against them also putting themselves into Hierusalem when besieged by Titus onely of purpose to betray it joyning with the seditious there doing more mischief in the City than the enemy had done without and finally setting fire to the second Temple as they had done unto the first Subjected afterwards by the Romans they followed the same fortune with the rest of Palestine Having thus gon through with the story of those neighbouring Nations which encompassed Canaan it will be seasonable to look on the affairs of the Canaanites first and after of the house of Jacob who possessed their Countrey First for the Canaanites they descended from Canaan the son of Cham who with his eleven sons were here setled immediatly after the confusion at Babel Of those twelve taking in the Father five planted in Phoenicia and the coasts of Syria that is to say Sidon Harki Arvadi Semari and Hamathi the other seven in those parts which we now call Palestine though not all of that the Edomites Moabites Midianites Ammonites and Ituraeans being Occupants or Tenants with them And of those seven came those seven Nations which by Gods appointment were totally to be rooted out viz. the Canaanites the Amorites the Hittites the Iebusites the Hivites the Gergeshites and the Perizites But from which of the sons of Canaan these last descended is not yet agreed on unless perhaps they were descended of the Sinites not otherwise reckoned in this muster and got the name of Perizites on some new occasion Governed at first by the Chiefest of their severall Families with the names of Kings the number of which increased as their Families were subdivided into smaller branches insomuch as Iosuah found 31 Kings of the Cannanites onely besides what might descend from those who were setled in Phoenicia and the borders of Syria The most potent of those Nations were the Amorites the Iebusites and the Chanaanites properly so called Of which the Amorites had not onely inlarged their borders beyond Iordan but in the reigns of Og and Sihon ruling at the same time in their severall parts had thrust the Ituraeans Ammonites and Moabites out of most of their Countries and so restored the same again to the race of the Emmims and Zanzummims of which they were who had been dispossessed thereof by the Sons of Lot These vanquished in the time of Moses and their habitations assigned over to the Tribes of Reuben Gad and the one half-tribe of Manasses The Canaanites properly so called as they were the first which fought with the house of Iacob so they were the last of all these people that contended with them They first fought with them under the conduct of Arad their King who thinking it more safe and prudent to encounter the Enemy in an other mans Countrey than to expect them in his own gave battell unto Moses in the Desarts of Moab and having cut off some of the out-parts of his Army and taken a few Prisoners he went home again But Iabin under whom they made their second onset went to work more resolutely and taking a time when the iniquities of that People cried loud for vengeance so prevailed against them that he tyrannized over them for the space of 20 years After which time his Army being discomfited by Baraâ— in the time of Debora Sisera his great Captain slain by Iael the wife of Heber the Kenite and most of his Cities taken and possessed by the Israelites he perished himself in the close of that war for it is said that they prevailed against Iabin the King of Canaan till they had destroyed him Judg. 4. 24. As for the Iebusites they were grown so formidable at the time of the comming of the Hebrews to the rest of their neighbours that their King Adonibezek bragged that he had cut off the thumbs and great toes of 70 Kings and made them eat the crums which fell under his table But being vanquished by Iudah he was served in the same kind himself by Iudah and Simeon and carried to Hicrusalem where he died the whole Countrey of the Iebusites and the City of Hierusalem it self the fortress of Mount Zion excepted onely being made a prey unto the Victor And though the Iebusites held that fortess till the time of David yet being they were onely on the defensive side and made no open war against those of Israel I reckon the Canaanites as the last which did contend with them for the chief command The Canaanites thus conquered and for the most part worn out of the Countrey the Israelites succeeded in their possessions according to the promise of God made to Abraham renewed to Isaac and confirmed to Iacob Governed after the death of Moses and Josuah by the Congregation of the Elders as appears by many passages in the book of Iudg. the Iudges as the Scripture calleth them not being the ordinary Magistrates but raised up occasionally by God for some speciall purpose according to the exigence of their affairs Carrying in this a likeness unto the Dictators in the State of Rome So that the Government at the first was an Aristocratie though to say truth it rather
of Arbaces the great King of the Medes I am not able to say 4. Choaspa neer some River of that name as I conjecture there being besides Choaspes the chief River of Media another of that name also in India and probably another hereabouts to give name to this Town 5. Phoclis 6. Sigara 7. Dammana of which I find nothing but the names 8. Sin now a Town of name amongst them but not much observable The old Inhabitants hereof were the Pargyetae called also Arimaspae and Euergetae a powerfull Nation of themselves brought under the command of Alexander by means of Amenides sometimes the Secretary of Darius whom he made their Governour And besides them the Syeri Rophitae and the Eoritae which three made up the main body of the Arachosians committed by Alexander to the government and command of Menon Following after this the fortunes of the Persian Empire they changed their Masters as that did till the comming in of the Tartars Since that time governed for the most part by a King of their own especially since the dividing of the Kingdome of Persia amongst Tamerlanes children some of which held it as a distinct estate by the names of the Kings of Cabul till growing great by the conquest of some parts of India they took unto themselves the name of the Great Mongul Now Lords not onely of this Countrey but of the greatest part of India on this side of Ganges of whom we shall speak more when we are in India that being the chief Seat of their Power and Empire 8. PARAPOMISVS PAROPAMISVS is bounded on the South with Arachosia on the North with Bactria from which parted by the main body of Mount Taurus which is here called Paropamisus by the name of the Countrey on the East with some part of India on the West with Aria So called quasi Paroâ—anesus from the resemblance which it hath to an Island begirt on all sides almost with Rivers in which respect by Ptolomy called Paropanisus and not Paropamisus by which last name the Latines for the most part call it some of them Paropamissus with a double ss But that name being lost long since it is now by some called Dache by others Candahor but most commonly Sublestar The Countrey mountainous and hilly here and there intermixt with Valleys the Mountains of great height and exceeding barren the Valleys indifferent fruitful but so over-shadowed with those hills that the cleerest day in some places seems but like a twilight The people as obscure as their Countrey scarce known to any of their neighbours in the time of Alexander the barbarous nations neerest to them esteeming them unworthy of their acquaintance Agreste hominum genus inter Barbaros maxime inconditum as it is in Curtius Rivers of most note herein 1. Oxus of which before which rising out of Mount Caucasus passeth Northwards and afterwards divideth Bactria from Sogdiana 2. Dargamanis 3. Coacus both owing their original to some of the branches of Mount Taurus Which chain of hills beginning hereabouts to draw towards their end are towards the West called Paroetes where they give being to the River Dargamanis before named more Eastward they have the name of Parapomisus and Caucasus they are properly called where they are thwarted by Imaus in the very point as it were where Scythia India and the Persian territories do encounter Each other The hills in that place mounted to so great an height that from the tops thereof the Stars appear much greater than in other places the rising and setting of which are from hence easily discerned made memorable by the fable of Promotheus who is said to have been bound here by command of Jupiter on which vistum Promethea fuisse antiquit as tradit saith the Historian Prometheus is indeed by the Poets feigned to have stoln fire from heaven and to have made a man of clay for which presumptuous fact Jupiter bound him on the hill Caucasus where a vulture continually fed on his his Liver But according either to the truth of Story or their guess at least who make some Story the ground of Every Fable Prometheus being a very wise man instructed the dead and clayie carcasses of others with wisedome and that being very desirous to learn the nature of the starres which is the fire he stole from heaven he made the highest part of Mount Caucasus his studie where the inward care he had to accomplish his desire might justly have been compared to a Vulture gnawing on his entrails and of this opinion is Saint Augustine But far more memorable is it made for being the resting place of the Ark of Noah whereof we have already spoken in our Generall Preface Places of most consideration in it 1. Naulibis and 2. Ortospana both named by Ptolomy and reckoned by Amminus for the most famous of this Countrey But in what their same confisted I cannot find 3. Parsiana 4. Gazaca 5. Doroacana 6. Bagarda all named by Ptolomy but not else observable 7. Candihor now the Metropolis of the Countrey a Town of great trade by reason of the situation of it on the borders of India in that respect giving to the whole Countrey the nameof Candahor By which name reckoned for a Kingdome and used amongst the many titles in the Stile Imperiall Nothing considerable of it in the course of Story but that being once brought under by the Persian Monarchs it followed the fortune of the rest till these latter times when the Persians being overlaid by the Tertars it became subject to some Kings of the race of TamerLane reigning in this Province till brought under by the Kings of Cabul of the same extraction Finding those Kings intent on the conquest of India they freed themselves from all subjection to that Crown and had Kings of their own till the year 1600. or thereabouts when the last King unable to defend himself against Abduxa King of the Usbeques a Tartarian people but subject in some sort to the Crown of Persia surrendred his Kingdome to Echebar the Great Mongul descended from the old Kings of Cabul whose dominions border close upon it Recovered to the Persian Crown by Mirza the sonne of Abas and father of Soffie the now Sultan a Prince of much gallantry but of more misfortunes the Persian Sophies since that conquest using the title of Kings of Candahor in the Regal stile 9. ARIA ARIA is bounded on the East with Paropamisus on the West with Parthia on the North with Margiana and on the South with Drangiana from which last parted by the mountain Bagoas A name in old times given to the Province of Media especially by the Grecians till changed as they say into Media on the comming thither of Medea For so Pansanias amongst others 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i.e. comming into the Countrey then called Aria she caused it after her own name to be called Media But the name of Aria was not lost though it were removed remaining proper to this Countrey till
under the conduct of Sarracon or Shirachoch a right valiant and stout Commander who taking his advantages not only cleared the Country of Almericus but got the whole kingdom to himself dashing out the brains of Elphaiz with his horsemans-mace And though Etzar his son assumed for a while the title of Caliph yet the destruction of himself and the whole Phatimean family rooted out by Sarracon soon put an end to that claim and left the kingdom in the peaceable possession of the Turkish Sultans The fourth Dynastie or the Race of the Turkish Kings or Caliphs of Egypt 1163. 1 Asereddin sirnamed Shirachoch called Sarracon by the Christian writers the first of the Turks which reigned in Egypt of the Noble family of Alub 1186. 2 Zeli-heddin called Saladine by the Christian writers the son or as some say the nephew of Sarracon or Shirachoch confirmed in his estate by the Caliph of Bagdet under whose jurisdiction he reduced the Egyptian Schismaticks He obtained also the kingdom of Damascus conquered Mesopotamia Palestine and in the year 1190 regained the City of Hierusalem A Prince who wanted nothing to commend him to succeeding Ages nor to glorifie him in the kingdom of Heaven but the saving knowledge of CHRIST JESUS 1199. 3 Elaziz the second son of Saladine succeeded in the Realm of Egypt which he exchanged afterwards with his brother Eladel for the kingdom of Damascus 4 Eladel or El-Aphtzel by the Christian writers called Meledine succeeded upon this exchange in the kingdom of Egypt and overcame the Christians without the losse of a man at the siege of Caire by letting loose the Sluces of Nilus which drowned their Army and forced them to covenant with him at his own pleasure 1210. 5 Elchamul 1237. 6 Melech Essalach by the Christian writers called Melechsala the son of Elchamul who overcame Lewis the 9. of France and going with that King towards Damiata was slain by the souldiers of his guard called Mamalucks 1242. 7 Elmutan the son of Melech Essalach succeeded for a time in his Fathers throne But the Mamalucks being resolved to obtain the kingdom for themselves inforced him to flie to a Tower of Wood which they set on fire the poor Prince half burned leaping into a River which ran close by it was there drowned the Mamalucks setled in the kingdom An. 1245. These Mamalucks were the ofspring of a People on the banks of the Euxine Sea vulgarly called the Circassians whom Melechsala either bought of their Parents or at the second hand of the Tartars then newly Masters of those Countries to supply the want of valour in the idle and effeminate People of Egypt and out of them selected a choise Band of men for the guard of his person Knowing their strength and finding their opportunity they treacherously slew Melechsala their Lord and Master appointing one Azeddin Ibek a Turco-man by nation and therefore by most Christian writers called Turquimeneius one of their own number a man of great spirit and valour to succeed in the Throne Unwilling to re-give the Supreme Authority into the hands of the Egyptians and not permitting their own sons to enjoy the name and privilege of Mamalucks they bought yearly certain numbers of Circassian slaves whom they committed to the keeping of the Egyptians by them to be instructed in the Egyptian language and the Law of Mahomet Being thus fitted for imployment they were taught the Discipline of War and by degrees advanced unto the highest Offices of power and trust as now the Janizaries are in the Turkish Empire in choice and ordering of whom as the Ottoman Turks were Precedented by those of Egypt so it is possible enough that the Janizaries may make as great a Change in the Turkish Empire as the Mamalucks did in the Egyptian So unsafe a thing it is for a Prince to commit the sole guard of his person or the defence of his Dominions to the hands of such whom not the sense of natural duty but the hopes of profit or preferment may make useful to him For thus we find that Constantius a King of the Britains was murdered by his Guard of Picts most of the Roman Emperours by the hands of those whom they intrusted either with the guard of their persons or the command of their Armies And I think no man can be ignorant how many times the Princes and Estates of Italy have been brought into the extremest dangers by trusting too much to the honesty of mercenaâ—ie Souldiers and Commanders Take we for instance the proceedings of Giacopo Picinino who with his Followers first took Pay of Ferdinand the first of Naples left him to fight for his vowed Enemy Iohn Duke of Calabria the son of Renè Duke of Anjou whom also he forsook in his greatest need The like we find of Francisco Sforza first entertained by the Duke of Millain from whom he revolted to the Florentines from them to the Venetians and being again received into the Pay of the State of Millain made use of their own Army to subdue that City Nor can I speak better of the Switzers or their dealing in this kind with the French Kings the Sforza's Dukes of Millain and with whom not to say the truth that ever trusted or employed them Now as it is unsafe for a Prince to commit the custody of his person or the defence of his Estates to the faith of Forreiners so is it dangerous to him to call in such aids and to commit his fortunes either wholly or principally unto their fidelity A moderate supply of men money or munition from a confederate King is I confesse in most cases convenient in some necessary as well to save their Natives from the sword as to trie a friend and interest an Allie in the same cause But to invite so great a number of Succours as from Helpers may become Masters and oppresse the people whom they came to defend is that Rock on which many Realms have suffered shipwrack and which a good Pilot of the State should with all care avoid For as in the sickness of the body natural it is hurtful to a mans health and life to take more physick then it may after the effect thereof be wrought either digest or put out again so in the body politick it is a perilous matter to receive more succours then what after they have done the deed they were sent for we may either with conveniencie reward and settle with us or at liberty expell Of all Surfeits this of Forraign supplies is most uncurable and Ne quid nimis if in nothing else true is in this case oracle There is no Kingdom I am verily perswaded under the Sun which hath not been by this means conquered no Common-wealth which hath not been by this means ruined To relate all examples were infinite and tedious to inferre some pleasing to the Reader and to illustrate the point not unnecessary To begin with former times Philip of Macedon called into Greece to assist the
first-born who in all probabilitie gave name to the Town called Phalga situate on the River Euphrates not far from Seleucia Mention whereof is made by Stephanus in his Book de Urbibus and by Ptolomie in his Geography where it is placed right on the banks of Euphrates where the River Chaboras mingles waters with it but there corruptly called Pharga instead of Phalga But the great increase of Sems posteritie came by Jocktan the second Son of Eber the Father of no fewer than thirteen Sons whose names are on record in the tenth of Genesis where it is said that their dwelling was from Mesha as thou goest to Sephar a Mount in the East And here I must crave leave to differ from Bochartus who hath thronged Jocktan and his Sons into a little corner of Arabia Felix where I can find no room for them and less reason to place them For being that Chus the son of Cham and the Chiefs of his posteritie eight in number were planted in Arabia as himself confesseth it must needs be that they had spread themselves over all the Country before any of the sons of Jocktan were of age sufficient to be the Fathers of Families and lead Colonies thither Jocktan is credibly supposed not to have been born when such of Noahs posteritie as are mentioned Gen. 10. dispersed themselves into new Plantations but iâ— is evident from the Text that none of his children were then born if their Father were And this Bochartus doh acknowledge in two severall places First granting that neither Phaleg nor Jocktan were present at the building of Babel multo minus Jocktanis filii post aliquoâ— annos geniti much less the Sonnes of Joktan begot many yeares after Lib. 1. cap. 16. And Secondly affirming that Jocktan and his children came not within the curse of Confounded Languages quia nondum erant geniti because then unborn Cap. 15. Hereupon I conclude it to be very improbable that Jocktan and his children should find room in the best parts of Arabia Felix which Chus and his posteritie had inhabited so long before And as it is improbable that the Sons of Chus would plant themselves in the worst part of the Country for so many Ages and leave the best and richest of it for some new Adventurers So it is impossible that the Sons of Jocktan should either be removed so far from the rest of the house of Arphaxad who were all planted on the East of the River Tigris as was before shewed or that they should be able had they been so minded to break thorough the whole Countries of the Assyrians Chusites and other Nations to come unto the utmost corners of Arabia Felix He that believes they did or could must have a stronger Faith than mine but it shall never conduce any thing to his justification Nor am I moved at all with that which seems to me to be his weightiest Argument namely that the Arabians particularly Joseph Ben Abdallatif and Mahomet Ben Jacob two of their chief Writers affirm that Jocktan was the Founder of their Tongue and Nation no more than I am woved to think that the Saracens are derived from Sara the Wife and not from Hagar the Concubine and servant of Abraham because that people so report it for their greater glory And for the severall Nations of Arabia Felix whose original he ascribes to the sons of Jocktan I see so many transpositions of Syllables alterations even of Radicall Letters such and so many wrested Originations as by the like libertie of making quidlibet ex quolibet it were no difficult matter to find place for them in any Country whatsoever For how extorted and unnaturall are the derivations of the Allumaeotae from Almodad of the Manitae from Abimail of the Jobaritae from Jobab How impossible is it that Jarach should give name to the Isle which Prolomie calleth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Insula Ieracum or Accipitrum as the Latin hath it that is to say the Isle of Hawks from the abundance of Hawks which are therein bred There being another Island of the same name neer unto Sardinia so called for the self same reason and a Town called Ierax in Hammoniaca a Region of Egypt to which Jarach might as well lay claim if that would carry it as to this Ieracum or Accipitrum in the Gulf of Arabia How improbable that Ophir should give name to Urphire a poor Isle of the Red Sea Obal to Sinus Avalites in Aethiopia on the other side of that Gulf Or that Dicla must be fixed in Arabia for no other reason but because the word signifieth a Palm-tree of which that Country yeelds good plenty as if some other Countries did not yeeld as much These and some other reasons hereafter following have made me bold to differ from that learned man in this particular whose industry and abilities I do otherwise honour and rather to look for Joktan and his sonnes in the East part of the World where the Scriptures place them than in the South with reference to the Wilderness or land of Madian in one of which the Book of Genesis was witten where Bochartus placeth them Yet so far I must yeeld to that learned man that some of the Descendants of Joktan in long tract of time moved with the rarities of the place might come from India and plant themselves upon the Sea-coasts of Arabia Felix as the Arabians at this day moved with the wealth and trade of India have possessed themselves of many of the Ports and peeces on the shores thereof Now the Text telleth us of the Sonnes of Joktan that their dwelling was from Mesha as thou goest to Sephar a Mount of the East so that by these two boundaries Mesha and Sephar their habitation must be found I know Bochartus wonld have Mesha to be Musa a noted Porâ—-Town on the South-West of Arabia Felix and Sephar to be the Citie of Saphar in the South-East of that Country that Citie giving name to some Mount adjoyning But being they both lie directly South of the place in which Moses wrote I cannot see how this position can agree with the word of Scripture and therefore we must look for both in some other place And first to find out Mesha we need go no further than Bochartus himself who maketh Mesh the last of the Sonnes of Aram the Sonne of Sem according to the generall opinion of most Writers else to be planted in the mountainous tracts of Mesopotamia from him called Mons Masius more of which before And then for Sephar which the Text calleth a Mount of the East if it be the Southern part of Mount Imaus by Ptolomy named Bitigo by the Moderns Gates extending from Mount Caucasus to the Cape Comari in the hither India as Postellus a right learned man doth conceive it to be We have without more difficulty found out the dwellings of the sonnes of Jocktan according to the bounds laid down in Holy Scripture But for fear this may not satisfie for
want of some Seconds to Postellus if Truth needs a Second we have Siphare a Citie of Aria directly East from Mons Masius or the dwellings of Mesh both in the East parts of the World with reference unto the place in which Moses writ Mons Masius being placed by Ptolomie in the 74 degree of Longitude and the 37 of Latitude and Siphare 36 degrees more towards the East but with no more than two degrees of Latitude super-added to it And this agreeth to the position assigned to the sonnes of Joktan by Josephus Eâ—sebius and St. Hierome the emendation of Bochartus coming in to help It is affirmed by Josephus that the Joktamtes possessed all that Tract 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which lieth about Kophenus a River of India together with such parts of Syria as did border neer it These words being borrowed from Josephus both by Eusebius and S. Hierome the first instead of Syria reads Seria and the other Jeria but neither rightly there being no such place in the world as Jeria and Syria and Seria or the Countrey of the Seres lying too far off to border on Cophenus a River of India Bochartus therefore helps them out conceiving I think right enough that for Syria we should there read Aria and withall granting as he may that Aria in the largest latitude and extent thereof comprehending Paropamisus and Arachosia extendeth as far Eastward as the River Cophenus So that we have found out a dwelling for the Sonnes of Joktan betwixt Mons Masius and Siphare a Town of Aria which probably might give name to some Mount adjoyning as Saphar by Bochartus is supposed to do to some of the Arabian hills bordering neer unto it And as these Situations do agree exactly with the meaning of those Antient Writers so is it also very suitable to the other Plantations of the Sonnes of Arphaxad For this I look on as a matter out of all dispnte that Phaleg and Joktan being both too young to go upon any new Adventures when so many of the residue of Noahs Posterity removed toward Shinaar kept themselves under the tuition of their Grandfather Noah or at least wandred not from the Plantation of their Father Arphaxad till Joktan's Sonnes being grown to be Fathers of Families were forced to cast about for new habitations And when necessity compelled them to seek new seats I would sain know why they should think of making themselves a way to Arabia Felix thorough Countreys peopled and possessed a long time before when they had Elbow-room enough on the East of Tigris and the unpeopled Countreys of some parts of India lay so neer at hand Nor want we as good evidence and as little forced for some of their Plantations in the Eastern parts as Bochartus hath fancied for them in Arabia For Almodad might probably be the Founder of Almodena the Metropolis of Mesopotamia not far from Mesha or Mons Masius the Western Boundary and. Jarach of the Nation of the Arachosians inhabiting neer Siphare the Eastern limit assigned unto the Sonnes of Joktan With what an easie change might Obal or Chobal be supposed to be the Father of the Cabolites of Paropamisus Hadoram of the Orites an Indian people neer unto the other But these North-Eastern parts being peopled or not very pleasant how many of the Sonnes of Joktan shall we find in the Southern parts of India Bochartus himself confesseth that the Land of Ophir another of the sonnes of Joktan was a part of India but whether Sumatra Taprobane or Aurea Chersonesus I dispute not here Like evidence there is for Saba remembrances of whose name are found in Sabalassa one of the mouthes of the River Indus Sabana a City of the Golden Chersonese a River in the same Tract named Sabanus and a City called Sabe besides the whole Nation of the Sabaei mentioned by Dionysius in his Periegesis And though some late Criticks read it Sibae instead of Sabaei as that there was an Indian Nation called Sibae is confessed on all sides yet seeing Eustathius finds the Sabae in this Countrey also I cannot see but that there should be room enough in India for both people to dwell in For Abimail another of the Sonnes of Joktan we find more evident footsteps of him in the Mali or Malli an Indian people in Maleta and Maliba two Towns of India in Malaeus an Indian Mountain and finally in Malaei Colon a Promontory of Aurea Chersonesus than in the Manitae of Bochartus For if Abimail signifie the Father of the Mali as he saith it doth he was more like to be the Father of the Mali commonly and literally so called whom we find in India than that we should be forced to look for them in the Manitae or look for the Manitae in the house of Abimail If Dicla must be planted in Arabia Felix for no better reason than because the word signifieth a Palm whereof there is plenty in that Countrey I doubt not to find as many Palms to plant by amongst the Indians as Bochartus doth among the Arabians And finally if Chatramis or Chatramatitis an Arabian Region have such resemblance to the name of Chatsarmaveth as to take that Appellation from him as Bochartus telleth us it did we may conclude with equall if not better reason that the Chadramotitae an Indian people seated upon the mouth of the River Indus upon whose streams some of the residue of his Brethren had their habitations had their first Originall from that Chatsarmaveth For Havilah or Chavilah the Antients generally set him in the Indies also not far from Saba and Ophir two of his Brethren to whose authority I submit because I find a Province in the Golden Chersonese called the Kingdom of Ava and thought to be so called from this very man And I conceive the like also of the rest of the Joktamtes whose habitations might be found in India or neer Mesh and Sephar if one would take that liberty of Critizizing altering and transposing letters as Bochartus doth only to fix them in a place where they never were Suffice it that this short Essay may inform the Reader that Bochartus was too confident a lover of his own opinion where he affirms Nec locum alium Sephar nomine nec ulla posterorum loktan in Aria aut India vestigia jam superesse that is to say that there is no such place as Sephar nor any tract or footstep of the Sonnes of Joktan to be found in Aria or the Indies The contrary whereof is so clearly evidenced These were the Generations and Dispersions of the Sonnes of Sem contracted in a narrower compass than either the Posterity of Cham or Japhet of whom the first besides the great footing which he had in Asia did possess all Africk and the other besides his share in the greater Asia filled almost all the lesser Asia and the whole Continent of Europe with the Isles thereof with his fruitfull Progeny And first beginning with Cham we find him the Fathâ—â— of sour