Selected quad for the lemma: truth_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
truth_n	according_a	call_v	word_n	1,705	5	3.8890	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A43995	Humane nature, or, The fundamental elements of policy being a discovery of the faculties, acts, and passions of the soul of man from their original causes, according to such philosophical principles as are not commonly known or asserted / by Tho. Hobbs.	Hobbes, Thomas, 1588-1679.	1684 (1684)	Wing H2244; ESTC R27431	44,473	106

join_v together_o by_o the_o say_a verb_n be_v as_o for_o example_n man_n be_v a_o live_a creature_n or_o thus_o man_n be_v not_o righteous_a whereof_o the_o former_a be_v call_v a_o affirmation_n because_o the_o appellation_n live_v creature_n be_v positive_a the_o latter_a a_o negative_a because_o not_o righteous_a be_v privative_a 10._o in_o every_o proposition_n be_v it_o affirmative_a or_o negative_a the_o latter_a appellation_n either_o comprehend_v the_o former_a as_o in_o this_o proposition_n charity_n be_v a_o virtue_n the_o name_n of_o virtue_n comprehend_v the_o name_n of_o charity_n and_o many_o other_o virtue_n beside_o and_o then_o be_v the_o proposition_n say_v to_o be_v true_a or_o truth_n for_o truth_n and_o a_o true_a proposition_n be_v all_o one_o or_o else_o the_o latter_a appellation_n comprehend_v not_o the_o former_a as_o in_o this_o proposition_n every_o man_n be_v just_a the_o name_n of_o just_a comprehend_v not_o every_o man_n for_o unjust_a be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o man_n and_o the_o proposition_n be_v say_v to_o be_v false_a or_o falsity_n falsity_n and_o a_o false_a proposition_n be_v also_o the_o same_o thing_n 11._o in_o what_o manner_n of_o two_o proposition_n whether_o both_o affirmative_a or_o one_o affirmative_a the_o other_o negative_a be_v make_v a_o syllogism_n i_o forbear_v to_o write_v all_o this_o that_o have_v be_v say_v of_o name_n or_o proposition_n though_o necessary_a be_v but_o dry_a discourse_n and_o this_o place_n be_v not_o for_o the_o whole_a art_n of_o logic_n which_o if_o i_o enter_v further_o into_o i_o ought_v to_o pursue_v beside_o it_o be_v not_o needful_a for_o there_o be_v few_o man_n which_o have_v not_o so_o much_o natural_a logic_n as_o thereby_o to_o discern_v well_o enough_o whether_o any_o conclusion_n i_o shall_v make_v in_o this_o discourse_n hereafter_o be_v well_o or_o ill_o collect_v only_o thus_o much_o i_o say_v in_o this_o place_n that_o make_v of_o syllogism_n be_v that_o we_o call_v ratiocination_n or_o reason_v 12._o now_o when_o a_o man_n reason_v from_o principle_n that_o be_v find_v indubitable_a by_o experience_n all_o deception_n of_o sense_n and_o equivocation_n of_o word_n avoid_v the_o conclusion_n he_o make_v be_v say_v to_o be_v according_a to_o right_a reason_n but_o when_o from_o his_o conclusion_n a_o man_n may_v by_o good_a ratiocination_n derive_v that_o which_o be_v contradictory_a to_o any_o evident_a truth_n whatsoever_o than_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v conclude_v against_o reason_n and_o such_o a_o conclusion_n be_v call_v absurdity_n 13._o as_o the_o invention_n of_o name_n have_v be_v necessary_a for_o the_o draw_a man_n out_o of_o ignorance_n by_o call_v to_o their_o remembrance_n the_o necessary_a coherence_n of_o one_o conception_n to_o another_o so_o also_o have_v it_o on_o the_o other_o side_n precipitate_v man_n into_o error_n insomuch_o that_o whereas_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o word_n and_o ratiocination_n they_o exceed_v brute_n beast_n in_o knowledge_n and_o the_o commodity_n that_o accompany_v the_o same_o so_o they_o exceed_v they_o also_o in_o error_n for_o true_a and_o false_a be_v thing_n not_o incident_a to_o beast_n because_o they_o adhere_v not_o to_o proposition_n and_o language_n nor_o have_v they_o ratiocination_n whereby_o to_o multiply_v one_o untruth_n by_o another_o as_o man_n have_v 14._o it_o be_v the_o nature_n almost_o of_o every_o corporal_a thing_n be_v often_o move_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n to_o receive_v continual_o a_o great_a and_o great_a easiness_n and_o aptitude_n to_o the_o same_o motion_n insomuch_o as_o in_o time_n the_o same_o become_v so_o habitual_a that_o to_o beget_v it_o there_o need_v no_o more_o than_o to_o begin_v it_o the_o passion_n of_o man_n as_o they_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n so_o be_v they_o the_o beginning_n of_o speech_n which_o be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o man_n desire_v to_o show_v other_o the_o knowledge_n opinion_n conception_n and_o passion_n which_o be_v in_o themselves_o and_o to_o that_o end_n have_v invent_v language_n have_v by_o that_o mean_n transfer_v all_o that_o discursion_n of_o their_o mind_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n by_o the_o motion_n of_o their_o tongue_n into_o discourse_n of_o word_n and_o ratio_fw-la now_o be_v but_o oratio_n for_o the_o most_o part_n wherein_o custom_n have_v so_o great_a a_o power_n that_o the_o mind_n suggest_v only_o the_o first_o word_n the_o rest_n follow_v habitual_o and_o be_v not_o follow_v by_o the_o mind_n as_o it_o be_v with_o beggar_n when_o they_o see_v their_o pater_fw-la noster_fw-la put_v together_o such_o word_n and_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o in_o their_o education_n they_o have_v learn_v from_o their_o nurse_n from_o their_o company_n or_o from_o their_o teacher_n have_v no_o image_n or_o conception_n in_o their_o mind_n answer_v to_o the_o word_n they_o speak_v and_o as_o they_o have_v learn_v themselves_o so_o they_o teach_v posterity_n now_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o power_n of_o those_o deception_n of_o the_o sense_n mention_v chap_n 2._o sect._n 10_o and_o also_o how_o unconstant_o name_n have_v be_v settle_v and_o how_o subject_a they_o be_v to_o equivocation_n and_o how_o diversify_v by_o passion_n scarce_o two_o man_n agree_v what_o be_v to_o be_v call_v good_a and_o what_o evil_a what_o liberality_n what_o prodigality_n what_o valour_n what_o temerity_n and_o how_o subject_a man_n be_v to_o paralogism_n or_o fallacy_n in_o reason_v i_o may_v in_o a_o manner_n conclude_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o rectify_v so_o many_o error_n of_o any_o one_o man_n as_o must_v needs_o proceed_v from_o those_o cause_n without_o begin_v anew_o from_o the_o very_a first_o ground_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n and_o sense_n and_o instead_o of_o book_n read_v over_o orderly_a one_o own_o conception_n in_o which_o mean_v i_o take_v noste_fw-la teipsum_fw-la for_o a_o precept_n worthy_a the_o reputation_n it_o have_v get_v chap._n vi_o 1._o of_o the_o two_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n 2._o truth_n and_o evidence_n necessary_a to_o knowledge_n 3._o evidence_n define_v 4._o science_n define_v 5._o supposition_n define_v 6._o opinion_n define_v 7._o belief_n define_v 8._o conscience_n define_v 9_o belief_n in_o some_o case_n no_o less_o from_o doubt_n than_o knowledge_n 1._o there_o be_v a_o story_n somewhere_o of_o one_o that_o pretend_v to_o have_v be_v miraculous_o cure_v of_o blindness_n wherewith_o he_o be_v bear_v by_o st._n alban_n or_o other_o saint_n at_o the_o town_n of_o st._n albans_n and_o that_o the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n be_v there_o to_o be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o miracle_n ask_v the_o man_n what_o colour_n be_v this_o who_o by_o answer_v it_o be_v green_a discover_v himself_o and_o be_v punish_v for_o a_o counterfeit_n for_o though_o by_o his_o sight_n new_o receive_v he_o may_v distinguish_v between_o green_a and_o red_a and_o all_o other_o colour_n as_o well_o as_o any_o that_o shall_v interrogate_v he_o yet_o he_o can_v not_o possible_o know_v at_o first_o sight_n which_o of_o they_o be_v call_v green_a or_o red_a or_o by_o any_o other_o name_n by_o this_o we_o may_v understand_v there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o sense_n or_o knowledge_n original_a as_o i_o have_v say_v in_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o chapter_n and_o remembrance_n of_o the_o same_o the_o other_o be_v call_v science_n or_o knowledge_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o proposition_n and_o how_o thing_n be_v call_v and_o be_v derive_v from_o understanding_n both_o of_o these_o sort_n be_v but_o experience_n the_o former_a be_v the_o experience_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o thing_n that_o work_v upon_o we_o from_o without_o and_o the_o latter_a experience_n man_n have_v from_o the_o proper_a use_n of_o name_n in_o language_n and_o all_o experience_n be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v but_o remembrance_n all_o knowledge_n be_v remembrance_n and_o of_o the_o former_a the_o register_n we_o keep_v in_o book_n be_v call_v history_n but_o the_o register_n of_o the_o latter_o be_v call_v the_o science_n 2._o there_o be_v two_o thing_n necessary_o imply_v in_o this_o word_n knowledge_n the_o one_o be_v truth_n the_o other_o evidence_n for_o what_o be_v not_o truth_n can_v never_o be_v know_v for_o let_v a_o man_n say_v he_o know_v a_o thing_n never_o so_o well_o if_o the_o same_o shall_v afterwards_o appear_v false_a he_o be_v drive_v to_o confession_n that_o it_o be_v not_o knowledge_n but_o opinion_n likewise_o if_o the_o truth_n be_v not_o evident_a though_o a_o man_n hold_v it_o yet_o be_v his_o knowledge_n thereof_o no_o more_o than_o they_o who_o hold_v the_o contrary_a for_o if_o truth_n be_v enough_o to_o make_v it_o knowledge_n all_o truth_n be_v know_v which_o be_v not_o so_o 3._o

what_o truth_n be_v have_v be_v define_v in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n what_o evidence_n be_v i_o now_o set_v down_o and_o it_o be_v the_o concomitance_n of_o a_o man_n conception_n with_o the_o word_n that_o signify_v such_o conception_n in_o the_o act_n of_o ratiocination_n for_o when_o a_o man_n reason_v with_o his_o lip_n only_o to_o which_o the_o mind_n suggest_v only_o the_o beginning_n and_o follow_v not_o the_o word_n of_o his_o mouth_n with_o the_o conception_n of_o his_o mind_n out_o of_o custom_n of_o so_o speak_v though_o he_o begin_v his_o ratiocination_n with_o true_a proposition_n and_o proceed_v with_o certain_a syllogism_n and_o thereby_o make_v always_o true_a conclusion_n yet_o be_v not_o his_o conclusion_n evident_a to_o he_o for_o want_v of_o the_o concomitance_n of_o conception_n with_o his_o word_n for_o if_o the_o word_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a a_o parrot_n may_v be_v teach_v as_o well_o to_o know_v truth_n as_o to_o speak_v it_o evidence_n be_v to_o truth_n as_o the_o sap_n to_o the_o tree_n which_o so_o far_o as_o it_o creep_v along_o with_o body_n and_o branch_n keep_v they_o alive_a where_o it_o forsake_v they_o they_o die_v for_o this_o evidence_n which_o be_v mean_v with_o our_o word_n be_v the_o life_n of_o truth_n 4._o knowledge_n therefore_o which_o we_o call_v science_n i_o define_v to_o be_v evidence_n of_o truth_n from_o some_o beginning_n or_o principle_n of_o sense_n for_o the_o truth_n of_o a_o proposition_n be_v never_o evident_a until_o we_o conceive_v the_o mean_n of_o the_o word_n or_o term_n whereof_o it_o consist_v which_o be_v always_o conception_n of_o the_o mind_n nor_o can_v we_o remember_v those_o conception_n without_o the_o thing_n that_o produce_v the_o same_o by_o our_o sense_n the_o first_o principle_n of_o knowledge_n be_v that_o we_o have_v such_o and_o such_o conception_n the_o second_o that_o we_o have_v thus_o and_o thus_o name_v the_o thing_n whereof_o they_o be_v conception_n the_o three_o be_v that_o we_o have_v join_v those_o name_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o to_o make_v true_a proposition_n the_o four_o and_o last_o be_v that_o we_o have_v join_v those_o proposition_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o they_o be_v conclude_v and_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o conclusion_n say_v to_o be_v know_v and_o of_o these_o two_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n whereof_o the_o former_a be_v experience_n of_o fact_n and_o the_o late_a of_o evidence_n of_o truth_n as_o the_o former_a if_o it_o be_v great_a be_v call_v prudence_n so_o the_o latter_a if_o it_o be_v much_o have_v usual_o be_v call_v both_o by_o ancient_a and_o modern_a writer_n sapience_n or_o wisdom_n and_o of_o this_o latter_a man_n only_o be_v capable_a of_o the_o former_a brute_n beast_n also_o participate_v 5._o a_o proposition_n be_v say_v to_o be_v suppose_v when_o be_v not_o evident_a it_o be_v nevertheless_o admit_v for_o a_o time_n to_o the_o end_n that_o join_v to_o it_o other_o proposition_n we_o may_v conclude_v something_o and_o to_o proceed_v from_o conclusion_n to_o conclusion_n for_o a_o trial_n whether_o the_o same_o will_v lead_v we_o into_o any_o absurd_a or_o impossible_a conclusion_n which_o if_o it_o do_v than_o we_o know_v such_o supposition_n to_o have_v be_v false_a 6._o but_o if_o run_v through_o many_o conclusion_n we_o come_v to_o none_o that_o be_v absurd_a than_o we_o think_v the_o proposition_n probable_a likewise_o we_o think_v probable_a whatsoever_o proposition_n we_o admit_v for_o truth_n by_o error_n of_o reason_v or_o from_o trust_v to_o other_o man_n and_o all_o such_o proposition_n as_o be_v admit_v by_o trust_n or_o error_n we_o be_v not_o say_v to_o know_v but_o think_v they_o to_o be_v true_a and_o the_o admittance_n of_o they_o be_v call_v opinion_n 7._o and_o particular_o when_o the_o opinion_n be_v admit_v out_o of_o trust_n to_o other_o man_n they_o be_v say_v to_o believe_v it_o and_o their_o admittance_n of_o it_o be_v call_v belief_n and_o sometime_o faith_n 8._o it_o be_v either_o science_n or_o opinion_n which_o we_o common_o mean_v by_o the_o word_n conscience_n for_o man_n say_v that_o such_o and_o such_o a_o thing_n be_v true_a in_o or_o upon_o their_o conscience_n which_o they_o never_o do_v when_o they_o think_v it_o doubtful_a and_o therefore_o they_o know_v or_o think_v they_o know_v it_o to_o be_v true_a but_o man_n when_o they_o say_v thing_n upon_o their_o conscience_n be_v not_o therefore_o presume_v certain_o to_o know_v the_o truth_n of_o what_o they_o say_v it_o remain_v then_o that_o that_o word_n be_v use_v by_o they_o that_o have_v a_o opinion_n not_o only_o of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o also_o of_o their_o knowledge_n of_o it_o to_o which_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o proposition_n be_v consequent_a conscience_n i_o therefore_o define_v to_o be_v opinion_n of_o evidence_n 9_o belief_n which_o be_v the_o admit_n of_o proposition_n upon_o trust_n in_o many_o case_n be_v no_o less_o free_a from_o doubt_n than_o perfect_a and_o manifest_a knowledge_n for_o as_o there_o be_v nothing_o whereof_o there_o be_v not_o some_o cause_n so_o when_o there_o be_v doubt_n there_o must_v be_v some_o cause_n thereof_o conceive_v now_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n which_o we_o receive_v from_o report_n of_o other_o of_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o imagine_v any_o cause_n of_o doubt_n for_o what_o can_v be_v oppose_v against_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o man_n in_o thing_n they_o can_v know_v and_o have_v no_o cause_n to_o report_v otherwise_o than_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v great_a part_n of_o our_o history_n unless_o a_o man_n will_v say_v that_o all_o the_o world_n have_v conspire_v to_o deceive_v he_o and_o thus_o much_o of_o sense_n imagination_n discursion_n ratiocination_n and_o knowledge_n which_o be_v the_o act_n of_o our_o power_n cognitive_a or_o conceptive_a that_o power_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o we_o call_v motive_n differ_v from_o the_o power_n motive_n of_o the_o body_n for_o the_o power_n motive_n of_o the_o body_n be_v that_o by_o which_o it_o move_v other_o body_n and_o we_o call_v strength_n but_o the_o power_n motive_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v that_o by_o which_o the_o mind_n give_v animal_n motion_n to_o that_o body_n wherein_o it_o exist_v the_o act_n hereof_o be_v our_o affection_n and_o passion_n of_o which_o i_o be_o to_o speak_v in_o general_a chap._n vii_o of_o delight_n pain_n love_n hatred_n appetite_n aversion_n fear_n good_a evil_a pulchritude_n turpitude_n end_n fruition_n profitable_a use_v vain_a felicity_n good_a and_o evil_a mix_a sensual_a delight_n and_o pain_n joy_n and_o grief_n in_o the_o eight_o section_n of_o the_o second_o chapter_n be_v show_v that_o conception_n and_o apparition_n be_v nothing_o real_o but_o motion_n in_o some_o internal_a substance_n of_o the_o head_n which_o motion_n not_o stop_v there_o but_o proceed_v to_o the_o heart_n of_o necessity_n must_v there_o either_o help_v or_o hinder_v the_o motion_n which_o be_v call_v vital_a when_o it_o help_v it_o be_v call_v delight_n contentment_n or_o pleasure_n which_o be_v nothing_o real_o but_o motion_n about_o the_o heart_n as_o conception_n be_v nothing_o but_o motion_n in_o the_o head_n and_o the_o object_n that_o cause_v it_o be_v call_v pleasant_a or_o delightful_a or_o by_o some_o name_n equivalent_a the_o latin_n have_v jucundum_fw-la à_fw-la juvando_fw-la from_o help_v and_o the_o same_o delight_n with_o reference_n to_o the_o object_n be_v call_v love_n but_o when_o such_o motion_n weaken_v or_o hinder_v the_o vital_a motion_n than_o it_o be_v call_v pain_n and_o in_o relation_n to_o that_o which_o cause_v it_o hatred_n which_o the_o latin_n express_v sometime_o by_o odium_fw-la and_o sometime_o by_o taedium_fw-la 2._o this_o motion_n in_o which_o consist_v pleasure_n or_o pain_n be_v also_o a_o solicitation_n or_o provocation_n either_o to_o draw_v near_o to_o the_o thing_n that_o please_v or_o to_o retire_v from_o the_o thing_n that_o displease_v and_o this_o solicitation_n be_v the_o endeavour_n or_o internal_a beginning_n of_o animal_n motion_n which_o when_o the_o object_n delight_v be_v call_v appetite_n when_o it_o displease_v it_o be_v call_v aversion_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o displeasure_n present_a but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o displeasure_n expect_v fear_v so_o that_o pleasure_n love_n and_o appetite_n which_o be_v also_o call_v desire_n be_v divers_a name_n for_o divers_a consideration_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n 3._o every_o man_n for_o his_o own_o part_n call_v that_o which_o please_v and_o be_v delightful_a to_o himself_o good_a and_o that_o evil_n which_o displease_v he_o insomuch_o that_o while_o every_o man_n differ_v from_o other_o in_o constitution_n they_o differ_v also_o from_o one_o another_o concerning_o the_o common_a distinction_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a nor_o be_v there_o any_o such_o thing_n as_o absolute_a

and_o motive_n consider_v in_o every_o man_n by_o himself_o without_o relation_n to_o other●_z it_o will_v fall_v fit_o into_o this_o chapter_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o same_o power_n one_o upon_o another_o which_o effect_n be_v also_o the_o sign_n by_o which_o one_o take_v notice_n what_o another_o conceive_v and_o intend_v of_o these_o sign_n some_o be_v such_o as_o can_v easy_o be_v counterfeit_v as_o action_n and_o gesture_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v sudden_a whereof_o i_o have_v mention_v some_o for_o example_n look_v in_o chap._n 9_o with_o the_o several_a passion_n whereof_o they_o be_v sign_n other_o there_o be_v which_o may_v be_v counterfeit_v and_o those_o be_v word_n or_o speech_n of_o the_o use_n and_o effect_n whereof_o i_o be_o to_o speak_v in_o this_o place_n 2._o the_o first_o use_n of_o language_n be_v the_o expression_n of_o our_o conception_n that_o be_v the_o beget_n in_o one_o another_o the_o same_o conception_n that_o we_o have_v in_o ourselves_o and_o this_o be_v call_v teach_v wherein_o if_o the_o conception_n of_o he_o that_o teach_v continual_o accompany_v his_o word_n begin_v at_o something_o true_a in_o experience_n than_o it_o beget_v the_o like_a evidence_n in_o the_o hearer_n that_o understand_v they_o and_o make_v he_o to_o know_v something_o which_o he_o be_v therefore_o say_v to_o learn_v but_o if_o there_o be_v not_o such_o evidence_n than_o such_o teach_n be_v call_v persuasion_n and_o beget_v no_o more_o in_o the_o hearer_n than_o what_o be_v in_o the_o speaker_n bare_a opinion_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o two_o opinion_n contradictory_a one_o to_o another_o namely_o affirmation_n and_o negation_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v call_v controversy_n but_o both_o affirmation_n or_o both_o negation_n consent_n in_o opinion_n 3._o the_o infallible_a sign_n of_o teach_v exact_o and_o without_o error_n be_v this_o that_o no_o man_n have_v ever_o teach_v the_o contrary_a not_o that_o few_o how_o few_o soever_o if_o any_o for_o common_o truth_n be_v on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o few_o rather_o than_o of_o the_o multitude_n but_o when_o in_o opinion_n and_o question_n consider_v and_o discuss_v by_o many_o it_o happen_v that_o not_o any_o one_o of_o the_o man_n that_o so_o discuss_v they_o differ_v from_o another_o than_o it_o may_v be_v just_o infer_v they_o know_v what_o they_o teach_v and_o that_o otherwise_o they_o do_v not_o and_o this_o appear_v most_o manifest_o to_o they_o that_o have_v consider_v the_o divers_a subject_n wherein_o they_o have_v exercise_v their_o pen_n and_o the_o divers_a way_n in_o which_o they_o have_v proceed_v together_o with_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o success_n thereof_o for_o those_o man_n who_o have_v take_v in_o hand_n to_o consider_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o comparison_n of_o magnitude_n number_n time_n and_o motion_n and_o how_o their_o proportion_n be_v to_o one_o another_o have_v thereby_o be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o those_o excellency_n by_o which_o we_o differ_v from_o such_o savage_a people_n as_o now_o inhabit_v divers_a place_n in_o america_n and_o as_o have_v be_v the_o inhabitant_n heretofore_o of_o those_o country_n where_o at_o this_o day_n art_n and_o science_n do_v most_o flourish_v for_o from_o the_o study_n of_o these_o man_n have_v proceed_v whatsoever_o come_v to_o we_o for_o ornament_n by_o navigation_n and_o whatsoever_o we_o have_v beneficial_a to_o human_a society_n by_o the_o division_n distinction_n and_o portraict_v the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n whatsoever_o also_o we_o have_v by_o the_o account_n of_o time_n and_o foresight_n of_o the_o course_n of_o heaven_n whatsoever_o by_o measure_v distance_n plain_n and_o solid_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o whatsoever_o either_o elegant_a or_o defensible_a in_o building_n all_o which_o suppose_v a_o way_n what_o do_v we_o differ_v from_o the_o wild_a of_o the_o indian_n yet_o to_o this_o day_n be_v it_o never_o hear_v of_o that_o there_o be_v any_o controversy_n concerning_o any_o conclusion_n in_o this_o subject_a the_o science_n whereof_o have_v nevertheless_o be_v continual_o amplify_v and_o enrich_v by_o the_o conclusion_n of_o most_o difficult_a and_o profound_a speculation_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v apparent_a to_o every_o man_n that_o look_v into_o their_o writing_n for_o they_o proceed_v from_o most_o low_a and_o humble_a principle_n evident_a even_o to_o the_o mean_a capacity_n go_v on_o slow_o and_o with_o most_o scrupulous_a ratiocination_n viz._n from_o the_o imposition_n of_o name_n they_o infer_v the_o truth_n of_o their_o first_o proposition_n and_o from_o two_o of_o the_o first_o a_o three_o and_o from_o any_o two_o of_o the_o three_o a_o four_o and_o so_o on_o according_a to_o the_o step_n of_o science_n mention_v chap._n 6._o sect._n 4._o on_o the_o other_o side_n those_o man_n who_o have_v write_v concerning_o the_o faculty_n passion_n and_o manner_n of_o man_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o moral_a philosophy_n and_o of_o policy_n government_n and_o law_n whereof_o there_o be_v infinite_a volume_n have_v be_v so_o far_o from_o remove_v doubt_n and_o controversy_n in_o the_o question_n they_o have_v handle_v that_o they_o have_v very_o much_o multiply_v the_o same_o nor_o do_v any_o man_n at_o this_o day_n so_o much_o as_o pretend_v to_o know_v more_o than_o have_v be_v deliver_v two_o thousand_o year_n ago_o by_o aristotle_n and_o yet_o every_o man_n think_v that_o in_o this_o subject_a he_o know_v as_o much_o as_o any_o other_o suppose_v there_o need_v thereunto_o no_o study_n but_o that_o accrue_v unto_o they_o by_o natural_a wit_n though_o they_o play_v or_o employ_v their_o mind_n otherwise_o in_o the_o purchase_n of_o wealth_n or_o place_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v no_o other_o than_o that_o in_o their_o writing_n and_o discourse_n they_o take_v for_o principle_n those_o opnion_n which_o be_v already_o vulgar_o receive_v whether_o true_a or_o false_a be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n false_a there_o be_v therefore_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o teach_v and_o persuade_v the_o sign_n of_o this_o be_v controversy_n the_o sign_n of_o the_o former_a no_o controversy_n 4._o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o man_n that_o common_o be_v call_v learned_a one_o be_v that_o sort_n that_o proceed_v evident_o from_o humble_a principle_n as_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o last_o section_n and_o those_o man_n be_v call_v mathematici_fw-la the_o other_o be_v they_o that_o take_v up_o maxim_n from_o their_o education_n and_o from_o the_o authority_n of_o man_n or_o of_o custom_n and_o take_v the_o habitual_a discourse_n of_o the_o tongue_n for_o ratiocination_n and_o these_o be_v call_v dogmatici_fw-la now_o see_v in_o the_o last_o section_n those_o we_o call_v mathematici_fw-la be_v absolve_v of_o the_o crime_n of_o breed_a controversy_n and_o they_o that_o pretend_v not_o to_o learning_n can_v be_v accuse_v the_o fault_n lie_v altogether_o in_o the_o dogmatic_n that_o be_v to_o say_v those_o that_o be_v imperfect_o learn_v and_o with_o passion_n press_v to_o have_v their_o opinion_n pass_v everywhere_o for_o truth_n without_o any_o evident_a demonstration_n either_o from_o experience_n or_o from_o place_n of_o scripture_n of_o uncontroverted_a interpretation_n 5._o the_o expression_n of_o those_o conception_n which_o cause_n in_o we_o the_o experience_n of_o good_a while_n we_o deliberate_v as_o also_o of_o those_o which_o cause_v our_o expectation_n of_o evil_a be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v counsel_v and_o be_v the_o internal_a deliberation_n of_o the_o mind_n concerning_o what_o we_o ourselves_o be_v to_o do_v or_o not_o to_o do_v the_o consequence_n of_o our_o action_n be_v our_o counsellor_n by_o alternate_a succession_n in_o the_o mind_n so_o in_o the_o counsel_n which_o a_o man_n take_v from_o other_o man_n the_o counsellor_n alternate_o do_v make_v appear_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o action_n and_o do_v not_o any_o of_o they_o deliberate_v but_o furnish_v among_o they_o all_o he_o that_o be_v counsel_v with_o argument_n whereupon_o to_o deliberate_v with_o himself_o 6._o another_o use_n of_o speech_n be_v expression_n of_o appetite_n intention_n and_o will_n as_o the_o appetite_n of_o knowledge_n by_o interrogation_n appetite_n to_o have_v a_o thing_n do_v by_o another_o as_o request_n prayer_n petition_n expression_n of_o our_o purpose_n or_o intention_n as_o promise_n which_o be_v the_o affirmation_n or_o negation_n of_o some_o action_n to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o future_a threaten_v which_o be_v the_o promise_n of_o evil_a and_o command_v which_o be_v that_o speech_n by_o which_o we_o signify_v to_o another_o our_o appetite_n or_o desire_n to_o have_v any_o thing_n do_v or_o leave_v undo_v for_o reason_n contain_v in_o the_o will_n itself_o for_o it_o be_v not_o proper_o say_v sic_fw-la volo_fw-la sic_fw-la jubeo_fw-la without_o that_o other_o clause_n stet_fw-la pro_fw-la ration_fw-la voluntas_fw-la and_o when_o the_o command_n be_v a_o sufficient_a reason_n to_o move_v we_o to_o action_n than_o be_v that_o command_v call_v a_o law_n 7._o another_o use_n of_o speech_n be_v instigation_n and_o appease_v by_o which_o we_o increase_v or_o diminish_v one_o another_o passion_n it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o persuasion_n the_o difference_n not_o be_v real_a for_o the_o beget_n of_o opinion_n and_o passion_n be_v the_o same_o but_o whereas_o in_o persuasion_n we_o aim_v at_o get_v opinion_n from_o passion_n here_o the_o end_n be_v to_o raise_v passion_n from_o opinion_n and_o as_o in_o raise_v a_o opinion_n from_o passion_n any_o premise_n be_v good_a enough_o to_o enforce_v the_o desire_a conclusion_n so_o in_o raise_v passion_n from_o opinion_n it_o be_v no_o matter_n whether_o the_o opinion_n be_v true_a or_o false_a or_o the_o narration_n historical_a or_o fabulous_a for_o not_o the_o truth_n but_o the_o image_n make_v passion_n and_o a_o tragedy_n well_o act_v affect_v no_o less_o than_o a_o murder_n 8._o though_o word_n be_v the_o sign_n we_o have_v of_o one_o another_o opinion_n and_o intention_n because_o the_o equivocation_n of_o they_o be_v so_o frequent_a according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o contexture_n and_o of_o the_o company_n wherewith_o they_o go_v which_o the_o presence_n of_o he_o that_o speak_v our_o sight_n of_o his_o action_n and_o conjecture_n of_o his_o intention_n must_v help_v to_o discharge_v we_o of_o it_o must_v therefore_o be_v extreme_a hard_o to_o find_v the_o opinion_n and_o mean_v of_o those_o man_n that_o be_v go_v from_o we_o long_o ago_o and_o have_v leave_v we_o no_o other_o signification_n thereof_o than_o their_o book_n which_o can_v possible_o be_v understand_v without_o history_n to_o discover_v those_o aforementioned_a circumstance_n and_o also_o without_o great_a prudence_n to_o observe_v they_o 9_o when_o it_o happen_v that_o a_o man_n signify_v unto_o we_o two_o contradictory_a opinion_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v clear_o and_o direct_o signify_v and_o the_o other_o either_o draw_v from_o that_o by_o consequence_n or_o not_o know_v to_o be_v contradictory_a to_o it_o then_o when_o he_o be_v not_o present_a to_o explicate_v himself_o better_a we_o be_v to_o take_v the_o former_a for_o his_o opinion_n for_o that_o be_v clear_o signify_v to_o be_v his_o and_o direct_o whereas_o the_o other_o may_v proceed_v from_o error_n in_o the_o deduction_n or_o ignorance_n of_o the_o repugnancy_n the_o like_a also_o be_v to_o be_v hold_v in_o two_o contradictory_a expression_n of_o a_o man_n intention_n and_o will_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n 10._o forasmuch_o as_o whosoever_o speak_v to_o another_o intend_v thereby_o to_o make_v he_o understand_v what_o he_o say_v if_o he_o speak_v unto_o he_o either_o in_o a_o language_n which_o he_o that_o hear_v understand_v not_o or_o use_v any_o word_n in_o other_o sense_n than_o he_o believe_v be_v the_o sense_n of_o he_o that_o hear_v he_o intend_v also_o not_o to_o make_v he_o understand_v what_o he_o say_v which_o be_v a_o contradiction_n of_o himself_o it_o be_v therefore_o always_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o he_o which_o intend_v not_o to_o deceive_v allow_v the_o private_a interpretation_n of_o his_o speech_n to_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v address_v 11._o silence_n in_o he_o that_o believe_v that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v take_v for_o a_o sign_n of_o his_o intent_n be_v a_o sign_n thereof_o indeed_o for_o if_o he_o do_v not_o consent_v the_o labour_n of_o speak_v so_o much_o as_o to_o declare_v the_o same_o be_v so_o little_a as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v he_o will_v have_v do_v it_o conclusion_n thus_o have_v we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o man_n so_o far_o as_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o find_v out_o the_o first_o and_o most_o simple_a element_n wherein_o the_o composition_n of_o politic_a rule_n and_o law_n be_v last_o resolve_v which_o be_v my_o present_a purpose_n finis_fw-la