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truth_n able_a author_n great_a 123 3 2.0670 3 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A59082 An historical and political discourse of the laws & government of England from the first times to the end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth : with a vindication of the ancient way of parliaments in England : collected from some manuscript notes of John Selden, Esq. / by Nathaniel Bacon ..., Esquire. Bacon, Nathaniel, 1593-1660.; Selden, John, 1584-1654. 1689 (1689) Wing S2428; ESTC R16514 502,501 422

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arm_n yet_o have_v regard_n to_o the_o ancient_a course_n of_o the_o saxon_n save_v that_o they_o urge_v the_o use_n of_o the_o bow_n more_o than_o former_o be_v use_v and_o thereby_o teach_v the_o conquer_v to_o conquer_v the_o conqueror_n in_o future_a age_n of_o these_o sort_n of_o assessment_n before_o this_o stature_n at_o winton_n i_o find_v but_o two_o the_o first_o make_v by_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o the_o other_o by_o henry_n the_o three_o which_o together_o with_o that_o of_o this_o statute_n i_o parallel_v thus_o together_o in_o their_o own_o word_n hen._n 2._o hen._n 3._o stat._n wint._n  _fw-fr land_n good_n  _fw-fr knight_n fee._n 15_o librat_fw-la 60_o mark_n 15_o l._n land_n 40_o mark_n good_n loricam_fw-la loricam_fw-la loricam_fw-la hauberk_n cassidem_fw-la capellum_n ferri_fw-la capellum_n ferri_fw-la shapel_n de_fw-fr fer_fw-fr clipeum_fw-la gladium_fw-la gladium_fw-la espee_fw-mi lanceam_fw-la cultellum_fw-la cultellum_fw-la cotel_n  _fw-fr equum_fw-la 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and_o synod_n become_v so_o tame_a and_o easy_o lead_v as_o if_o there_o have_v be_v but_o one_o devil_n to_o rule_v among_o they_o all_o for_o if_o any_o quick_a eye_n or_o active_a spirit_n do_v but_o begin_v to_o peep_v or_o stir_v the_o legate_n e_o latere_fw-la soon_o reduce_v he_o into_o rank_n and_o keep_v all_o in_o awe_n with_o a_o sub_fw-la poena_fw-la of_o unknown_a danger_n a_o three_o error_n be_v the_o allow_v of_o peculiar_o and_o exemption_n of_o religious_a house_n from_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n and_o this_o be_v a_o error_n in_o the_o first_o concoction_n a_o block_n in_o the_o way_n of_o prelacy_n and_o a_o clog_n to_o keep_v it_o down_o this_o error_n be_v soon_o feel_v and_o be_v occasion_n of_o much_o mutiny_n in_o the_o body_n ecclesiastical_a but_o exceed_v profitable_a for_o rome_n not_o only_o in_o point_n of_o revenue_n by_o the_o multitude_n of_o appeal_n but_o especial_o in_o maintain_v a_o party_n for_o the_o roman_a see_v in_o case_n the_o prelacy_n of_o england_n shall_v stumble_v at_o the_o supremacy_n of_o rome_n otherwise_o it_o seem_v like_o a_o wen_n upon_o the_o body_n rather_o than_o any_o homogene_a member_n and_o without_o which_o certain_o the_o english_a prelacy_n have_v thrive_v much_o better_a and_o the_o roman_a chair_n much_o worse_o in_o all_o which_o regard_v i_o must_v conclude_v that_o the_o prelatical_a government_n in_o england_n be_v as_o yet_o like_o a_o young_a bear_v not_o full_o lick_v but_o left_a to_o be_v make_v complete_a by_o time_n and_o observation_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o saxon_n commonwealth_n and_o the_o government_n thereof_o and_o first_o of_o the_o king._n have_v already_o treat_v of_o the_o saxon_a church_n in_o order_n i_o be_o now_o come_v to_o the_o republic_n which_o in_o all_o probability_n will_v be_v expect_v to_o be_v suitable_a to_o their_o original_n in_o germany_n whereunto_o have_v
swear_v that_o he_o will_v not_o sell_v right_o or_o any_o remedial_a writ_n to_o any_o one_o yet_o upon_o the_o day_n of_o etc._n etc._n he_o sell_v to_o b._n a_o writ_n of_o attaint_n and_o will_v not_o grant_v the_o same_o under_o half_a a_o mark._n so_o as_o the_o difference_n between_o a_o indictment_n and_o presentment_n in_o those_o day_n be_v only_o in_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o crime_n for_o which_o the_o party_n delinquent_n be_v accuse_v and_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o conclusion_n of_o the_o presentment_n which_o be_v without_o averment_n the_o last_o way_n of_o trial_n concern_v such_o offence_n that_o exceed_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o trespass_n do_v to_o a_o man_n person_n or_o his_o good_n 24._o and_o this_o be_v by_o way_n of_o action_n action_n and_o it_o be_v to_o obtain_v recompense_n for_o damage_n sustain_v now_o because_o the_o former_a be_v call_v personal_a trespass_n the_o process_n be_v by_o attachment_n of_o the_o person_n who_o thereupon_o put_v in_o bail_n or_o else_o his_o person_n be_v secure_v by_o imprisonment_n till_o trial_n and_o satisfaction_n make_v but_o in_o the_o late_a that_o concern_v the_o reality_n 20._o three_o summons_n go_v forth_o in_o the_o hundred-court_n 36._o and_o if_o default_n be_v make_v complaint_n thereof_o ensue_v in_o the_o county-court_n and_o thence_o issue_v forth_o a_o distringas_fw-la and_o if_o the_o defendant_n still_o persist_v in_o decline_v his_o appearance_n the_o distress_n be_v forfeit_v and_o a_o summon_v issue_v upon_o the_o land_n if_o then_o the_o defendant_n will_v not_o appear_v or_o upon_o appearance_n will_v not_o give_v pledge_n to_o abide_v judgement_n his_o whole_a land_n be_v seize_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o of_o the_o complainant_n because_o he_o have_v offend_v against_o all_o three_o but_o if_o the_o party_n appear_v in_o former_a time_n he_o answer_v forthwith_o and_o judgement_n pass_v without_o delay_n as_o have_v be_v say_v unless_o in_o urgent_a case_n where_o the_o matter_n be_v raw_a and_o than_o it_o be_v adjourn_v and_o pledge_n give_v by_o the_o defendant_n to_o the_o full_a value_n 7._o after_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o athenian_n and_o if_o the_o defendant_n make_v default_n at_o the_o day_n his_o pledge_n be_v forfeit_v but_o in_o aftertime_n for_o better_a and_o more_o advise_v proceed_v the_o defendant_n be_v admit_v to_o his_o essoine_n yet_o with_o a_o proviso_n that_o no_o essoine_n shall_v be_v allow_v for_o above_o fifteen_o day_n 1._o and_o this_o be_v the_o direction_n of_o king_n alfred_n in_o the_o answer_n of_o the_o defendant_n he_o either_o traverse_v the_o matter_n in_o fact_n or_o confess_v and_o justify_v 16._o or_o confess_v and_o submit_v the_o first_o put_v the_o matter_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o freeman_n the_o second_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o judge_n the_o three_o to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o complainant_n whereby_o the_o defendant_n general_o find_v mercy_n and_o in_o case_n of_o trespass_n render_v less_o damage_n i_o find_v no_o footstep_n in_o those_o time_n of_o dilatoryplea_n or_o demurrer_n or_o other_o delay_n unless_o in_o case_n of_o infancy_n for_o the_o saxon_n know_v no_o other_o age_n of_o ability_n to_o do_v or_o suffer_v but_o the_o age_n above_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n and_o in_o alfred_n time_n a_o judge_n suffer_v death_n for_o pass_a sentence_n of_o death_n upon_o one_o under_o that_o age_n albeit_o the_o canonist_n have_v in_o those_o day_n bring_v into_o custom_n other_o age_n of_o ability_n in_o matter_n concern_v marriage_n 1_o although_o it_o may_v well_o be_v think_v that_o it_o require_v no_o less_o maturity_n to_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o a_o marry_a life_n than_o to_o discern_v the_o nature_n and_o difference_n of_o manner_n especial_o in_o case_n of_o crime_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o very_a light_n of_o nature_n chap._n xxxvii_o of_o the_o several_a manner_n of_o extraordinary_a trial_n by_o torture_n ordeale_o compurgator_n and_o battle_n evidence_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o fact_n upon_o trial_n of_o cause_n in_o the_o saxon_a judicatory_a sometime_o consist_v in_o the_o pregnant_a testimony_n of_o the_o fact_n itself_o torture_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o testimony_n of_o some_o circumstance_n the_o first_o be_v a_o unquestionable_a ground_n of_o conviction_n the_o second_o be_v too_o weak_a to_o command_v the_o verdict_n although_o sometime_o it_o persuade_v it_o and_o therefore_o those_o incompassionate_a time_n find_v out_o a_o trick_n of_o extort_a confession_n by_o torture_n of_o the_o party_n follow_v the_o principle_n of_o passion_n therein_o rather_o than_o sober_a judgement_n for_o circumstance_n be_v sufficient_a to_o irritate_fw-la the_o heart_n of_o those_o that_o be_v passionate_a and_o where_o jealousy_n be_v once_o enter_v there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o spare_v be_v the_o matter_n never_o so_o untrue_a yet_o i_o do_v not_o find_v any_o law_n among_o the_o saxon_n to_o patronize_v this_o fashion_n of_o conviction_n albeit_o it_o seem_v it_o be_v practise_v for_o alfred_n the_o king_n punish_v one_o of_o his_o judge_n with_o death_n for_o pass_a sentence_n upon_o a_o extort_a confession_n by_o torture_n before_o the_o corner_n cragius_fw-la and_o possible_o it_o may_v be_v gain_v from_o the_o lacedaemonian_n although_o little_a to_o the_o praise_n of_o their_o greekish_a wisdom_n in_o that_o particular_a see_v that_o in_o all_o reason_n it_o must_v be_v suppose_v that_o fear_v and_o grief_n will_v enforce_v flattery_n upon_o the_o tormentor_n as_o well_o as_o self-love_n draw_v forth_o flattery_n to_o the_o benefactor_n a_o second_o sort_n of_o evidence_n be_v that_o of_o ordeale_n ordeale_n be_v also_o ground_v upon_o a_o pre-conceit_n or_o suspicion_n the_o manner_n hereof_o be_v divers_a the_o thing_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o birth_n of_o the_o brain_n of_o some_o churchman_n who_o have_v read_v of_o the_o curse_a water_n the_o first_o mention_n that_o i_o find_v thereof_o be_v at_o the_o council_n of_o mentz_n 928._o and_o afterward_o in_o the_o council_n of_o trier_n but_o not_o a_o footstep_n thereof_o in_o this_o kingdom_n till_o by_o aethelstan_n it_o be_v advance_v into_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o law_n after_o which_o time_n it_o continue_v in_o use_n well_o nigh_o three_o hundred_o year_n a_o strange_a monument_n of_o god_n idulgency_n to_o a_o ignorant_a age_n thus_o turn_v extraordinary_a to_o ordinary_a for_o the_o clear_n of_o innocency_n and_o which_o be_v no_o less_o wonderful_a allow_v in_o those_o time_n unto_o man_n under_o nature_n such_o a_o power_n over_o themselves_o as_o to_o adventure_v against_o nature_n doubtless_o that_o man_n or_o woman_n be_v of_o a_o dare_a spirit_n that_o first_o try_v the_o trick_n if_o he_o have_v not_o a_o miraculous_a faith_n in_o that_o promise_n cum_fw-la ambulaveris_fw-la per_fw-la ignem_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o show_v metal_n in_o they_o that_o follow_v the_o example_n but_o the_o next_o age_n grow_v dull_a 2._o and_o man_n be_v weary_a of_o such_o bane-touches_a the_o clergy_n that_o cry_v it_o up_o their_o successor_n cry_v it_o down_o and_o so_o devour_v their_o own_o birth_n without_o any_o difficulty_n other_o than_o a_o bare_a injunction_n of_o a_o king_n selden_n that_o have_v power_n to_o command_v only_o such_o as_o will_v obey_v but_o where_o fame_n be_v yet_o more_o slight_a compurgator_n and_o spring_v rather_o from_o want_n of_o charity_n and_o misapprehension_n than_o promise_a circumstance_n man_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v content_v with_o a_o voier_n dire_a or_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o party_n suspect_v and_o the_o concurrent_a testimony_n of_o other_o man_n the_o first_o attest_v his_o own_o innocency_n the_o other_o contest_v their_o conscience_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o former_a testimony_n and_o therefore_o be_v and_o still_o be_v call_v compurgator_n their_o number_n be_v more_o or_o less_o and_o of_o great_a or_o less_o value_n according_a as_o the_o offence_n or_o the_o party_n suspect_v be_v of_o great_a or_o less_o concernment_n this_o manner_n of_o trial_n be_v of_o ancient_a use_n 16._o and_o both_o it_o and_o that_o ordeale_n under_o the_o directory_n of_o the_o clergy_n yet_o this_o be_v the_o ancient_a by_o three_o hundred_o year_n 647._o and_o first_o bring_v into_o this_o nation_n by_o the_o council_n at_o berghamsted_n under_o bertwald_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 5._o and_o it_o be_v perform_v sometime_o more_o solemn_o by_o solemn_a receive_n of_o the_o eucharist_n especial_o if_o the_o person_n suspect_v be_v of_o the_o sacred_a function_n one_o manner_n of_o trial_n yet_o remain_v battle_n which_o be_v use_v both_o in_o trial_n of_o matter_n of_o crime_n and_o title_n and_o it_o be_v the_o trial_n by_o battle_n which_o be_v in_o criminal_a matter_n with_o sharp_a weapon_n but_o in_o titulary_a matter_n with_o blunt_a
case_n and_o of_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr cautione_n admittenda_fw-la person_n cite_v 11._o and_o make_v default_n may_v be_v interdict_v and_o the_o king_n officer_n shall_v compel_v he_o to_o obey_v if_o the_o king_n officer_n make_v default_n he_o shall_v be_v amerce_v and_o then_o the_o party_n interdict_v may_v be_v excommunicate_v so_o as_o the_o process_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n be_v to_o be_v regulate_v according_a to_o law._n nor_o do_v it_o lie_v in_o the_o power_n of_o such_o court_n to_o order_v their_o own_o way_n or_o scatter_v the_o censure_n of_o excommunication_n according_a to_o their_o own_o like_n this_o together_o with_o all_o those_o that_o forego_v the_o archbishop_n upon_o his_o repentance_n absolute_o withstand_v although_o he_o have_v twice_o consent_v and_o once_o subscribe_v to_o they_o clarindon_n have_v also_o receive_v some_o kind_n of_o allowance_n thereof_o even_o from_o rome_n itself_o clergyman_n hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la 12._o shall_v do_v such_o service_n as_o to_o their_o tenure_n belong_v and_o shall_v assist_v in_o the_o king_n court_n till_o judgement_n of_o life_n or_o member_n two_o thing_n be_v hereby_o manifest_a first_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o conquerour_n law_n former_o mention_v bishop_n still_o sit_v as_o judge_n in_o the_o king_n court_n as_o they_o have_v do_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n but_o it_o be_v upon_o cause_n that_o mere_o concern_v the_o laity_n so_o as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o conqueror_n extend_v only_o to_o separate_v the_o laity_n out_o of_o the_o spiritual-court_n and_o not_o the_o clergy_n out_o of_o the_o lay-court_n second_o that_o the_o clergy_n especial_o those_o of_o the_o great_a sort_n question_v their_o service_n due_a by_o tenure_n as_o if_o they_o intend_v neither_o lord_n nor_o king_n but_o the_o pope_n only_o doubtless_o the_o use_n of_o tenor_n in_o those_o time_n be_v of_o infinite_a consequence_n to_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o government_n of_o these_o king_n whenas_o by_o these_o principal_o not_o only_o all_o degree_n be_v unite_v and_o make_v dependent_a from_o the_o lord_n paramount_n to_o the_o tenant_n peravale_fw-mi but_o especial_o the_o clergy_n with_o the_o laity_n upon_o the_o crown_n without_o which_o a_o strange_a metamorphosis_n in_o government_n must_v needs_o have_v ensue_v beyond_o the_o shape_n of_o any_o reasonable_a conceit_n the_o one_o half_a almost_o of_o the_o people_n in_o england_n be_v absolute_o put_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o a_o foreign_a power_n sanctuary_n shall_v not_o protect_v forfeit_v good_n 14._o nor_o clerk_n convict_v or_o confess_v this_o be_v law_n but_o violence_n do_v both_o now_o and_o afterward_o much_o obliterate_v it_o church_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o be_v alien_v without_o licence_n 15._o it_o be_v a_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o saxon_n that_o no_o tenement_n hold_v by_o service_n can_v be_v alien_v without_o licence_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n because_o of_o the_o allegiance_n between_o lord_n and_o tenant_n now_o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o church_n may_v lie_v in_o tenure_n as_o well_o as_o other_o tenement_n but_o the_o strife_n be_v by_o the_o churchman_n to_o hold_v their_o tenement_n free_a from_o all_o humane_a service_n which_o the_o king_n withstand_v son_n of_o the_o laity_n shall_v not_o be_v admit_v into_o a_o monastery_n without_o the_o lord_n consent_n 16._o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n with_o the_o former_a for_o the_o lord_n have_v not_o only_o right_a in_o his_o tenant_n which_o can_v not_o be_v alien_v without_o his_o consent_n but_o also_o a_o right_a in_o his_o tenant_n child_n in_o regard_n they_o in_o time_n may_v by_o descent_n become_v his_o tenant_n and_o so_o lie_v under_o the_o same_o ground_n of_o law_n for_o although_o this_o be_v no_o alienation_n by_o legal_a purchase_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n of_o the_o same_o relation_n for_o he_o that_o be_v in_o a_o monastery_n be_v dead_a to_o all_o worldly_a affair_n these_o than_o be_v the_o right_n that_o the_o king_n claim_v and_o the_o clergy_n disclaim_v at_o the_o first_o although_o upon_o more_o sober_a consideration_n they_o general_o consent_v unto_o the_o five_o last_o but_o their_o captain-archbishop_n becket_n withstand_v the_o rest_n which_o cost_v he_o his_o life_n in_o the_o conclusion_n with_o this_o honourable_a testimony_n that_o his_o death_n sampson-like_a effect_v more_o than_o his_o life_n for_o the_o main_a thing_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o pope_n gain_v to_o be_v friend_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o great_a a_o stickler_n in_o the_o church-affair_n as_o becket_n be_v in_o this_o tragedy_n the_o pope_n observe_v how_o the_o english_a bishop_n have_v forsake_v their_o archbishop_n espy_v a_o muse_n through_o which_o all_o the_o game_n of_o the_o popedom_n may_v soon_o escape_v and_o the_o pope_n be_v leave_v to_o sit_v upon_o thorn_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o authority_n here_o in_o england_n for_o let_v the_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n be_v a_o swear_a servant_n to_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o the_o christian_a world_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o english_a bishop_n not_o concur_v it_o will_v make_v the_o triple_a crown_n at_o the_o best_a but_o double_a 302._o alexander_n the_o pope_n therefore_o mean_v not_o to_o trust_v their_o fair_a nature_n any_o long_o but_o put_v a_o oath_n upon_o every_o english_a bishop_n 1179._o to_o take_v before_o their_o consecration_n whereby_o he_o become_v bind_v 1._o to_o absolute_a allegiance_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o romish_a church_n 2._o not_o to_o further_a by_o deed_n or_o consent_v any_o prejudice_n to_o they_o 3._o to_o conceal_v their_o counsel_n 4._o to_o aid_v the_o roman_a papacy_n against_o all_o person_n 5._o to_o assist_v the_o roman_a legat._n 6._o to_o come_v to_o synod_n upon_o summons_n 7._o to_o visit_v rome_n once_o every_o three_o year_n 8._o not_o to_o sell_v any_o part_n of_o their_o bishopric_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o thus_o the_o english_a bishop_n that_o former_o do_v but_o regard_n rome_n now_o give_v their_o estate_n body_n and_o soul_n unto_o her_o service_n that_o which_o remain_v the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v keep_v 1167._o and_o well_o it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o worse_o consider_v that_o the_o king_n have_v vow_v perpetual_a enmity_n against_o the_o pope_n but_o he_o wise_o perceive_v that_o the_o king_n spirit_n will_v up_o again_o have_v thus_o get_v the_o main_a battle_n dare_v not_o adventure_v upon_o the_o king_n rear_n lest_o he_o may_v turn_v head_n 11._o and_o so_o he_o let_v the_o king_n come_v off_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o appeal_n and_o a_o order_n to_o annul_v the_o custom_n that_o by_o he_o be_v bring_v in_o against_o the_o church_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v none_o this_o be_v too_o much_o for_o so_o brave_a a_o king_n as_o henry_n the_o second_o to_o lose_v the_o scare-crow-power_n of_o rome_n yet_o it_o befall_v he_o as_o many_o great_a spirit_n that_o favour_n prevail_v more_o with_o they_o than_o fear_v or_o power_n for_o be_v towards_o his_o last_o time_n wear_v with_o grief_n at_o his_o unnatural_a son_n a_o shadow_n of_o the_o kindness_n of_o the_o pope_n legate_n unto_o he_o 1176._o win_v that_o which_o the_o clergy_n can_v never_o former_o wrest_v from_o he_o in_o these_o particular_n grant_v by_o he_o that_o no_o clerk_n shall_v answer_v in_o the_o lay-courts_a but_o only_o for_o the_o forest_n and_o their_o lay-fee_n this_o savour_v more_o of_o courtesy_n than_o justice_n and_o therefore_o we_o find_v not_o that_o the_o same_o do_v thrive_v nor_o do_v continue_v long_o in_o force_n as_o a_o law_n although_o the_o claim_n thereof_o last_v vacancy_n shall_v not_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n above_o one_o year_n unless_o upon_o case_n of_o necessity_n this_o seem_v to_o pass_v somewhat_o from_o the_o crown_n but_o lose_v it_o nothing_o for_o if_o the_o clergy_n accept_v of_o this_o grant_n they_o 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the_o issue_n will_v be_v and_o therefore_o though_o it_o in_o the_o general_n be_v more_o beneficial_a that_o all_o exportation_n and_o importation_n may_v be_v by_o our_o own_o ship_n yet_o in_o regard_n time_n may_v be_v such_o as_o now_o they_o be_v that_o the_o ship_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v more_o than_o ordinary_o employ_v for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o state_n and_o that_o every_o nation_n strive_v to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o exportation_n by_o vessel_n of_o their_o own_o and_o last_o in_o regard_n the_o case_n may_v be_v such_o as_o importation_n may_v be_v at_o a_o cheap_a rate_n by_o foreign_a vessel_n and_o exportation_n likewise_o may_v for_o the_o time_n be_v more_o prejudicial_a to_o this_o nation_n if_o do_v by_o our_o own_o ship_n than_o those_o of_o other_o nation_n therefore_o the_o course_n must_v be_v change_v so_o far_o forth_o as_o will_v stand_v with_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o state_n and_o common_a profit_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o for_o these_o cause_n and_o suchlike_a in_o the_o time_n whereof_o we_o now_o treat_v 3._o the_o law_n often_o vary_v sometime_o no_o staple-commodity_n must_v be_v export_v in_o english_a bottom_n 1._o sometime_o all_o must_v be_v do_v by_o they_o 3._o and_o within_o a_o year_n again_o that_o liberty_n be_v restrain_v 8._o and_o after_o that_o 5._o liberty_n give_v to_o foreiner_n to_o export_v as_o former_o the_o three_o and_o last_o consideration_n be_v as_o necessary_a as_o any_o of_o the_o former_a for_o if_o trade_n be_v maintain_v out_o of_o the_o main_a stock_n the_o kingdom_n in_o time_n must_v needs_o be_v bring_v to_o penury_n because_o it_o be_v their_o magazine_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v provide_v 8._o that_o all_o wool_n shall_v remain_v at_o the_o staple_n 15_o day_n to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v be_v for_o the_o kingdom_n use_v if_o any_o one_o will_v buy_v they_o must_v do_v it_o within_o that_o time_n otherwise_o it_o may_v be_v export_v the_o six_o mean_n of_o 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the_o quantity_n of_o the_o commodity_n be_v thereby_o the_o more_o easy_o discover_v which_o common_o make_v the_o price_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o commodity_n thus_o discover_v will_v not_o only_o settle_v the_o price_n to_o itself_o but_o also_o balance_v the_o price_n of_o the_o manufacture_n three_o the_o staple_n have_v thus_o discover_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o commodity_n will_v be_v a_o ready_a way_n to_o settle_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o main_a stock_n that_o must_v be_v preserve_v and_o regulate_v exportation_n as_o touch_v the_o overplus_n but_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o the_o first_o and_o principal_a mover_n of_o the_o make_n of_o the_o staple_n be_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o crown_n for_o when_o the_o commodity_n be_v go_v beyond_o the_o sea_n it_o import_v not_o to_o the_o subject_n in_o england_n whether_o the_o same_o be_v sell_v at_o one_o place_n or_o more_o or_o in_o what_o place_n the_o same_o be_v settle_v until_o the_o manufacture_n be_v 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edward_n the_o three_o time_n we_o find_v it_o sometime_o at_o calis_n 16._o sometime_o in_o england_n in_o richard_n the_o second_v time_n we_o find_v it_o again_o beyond_o the_o sea_n at_o middleburgh_n 11._o thence_o remove_v to_o calis_n and_o after_o into_o england_n where_o at_o length_n the_o people_n understand_v themselves_o so_o well_o that_o the_o parliament_n settle_v the_o same_o it_o be_v find_v too_o burdensome_a for_o the_o manufacture_n to_o travel_v to_o the_o staple_n beyond_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o commodity_n that_o grow_v at_o their_o own_o door_n beside_o the_o enhanse_a of_o the_o price_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o carriage_n which_o fall_v also_o upon_o the_o manufacture_n must_v needs_o tend_v to_o the_o damage_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n this_o be_v one_o way_n indeed_o and_o yet_o possible_o another_o may_v have_v be_v find_v for_o if_o a_o computation_n have_v be_v make_v of_o the_o main_a stock_n and_o a_o staple_n settle_v within_o the_o kingdom_n for_o that_o and_o the_o overplus_n export_v to_o a_o staple_n beyond_o the_o sea_n it_o may_v have_v prove_v no_o less_o commodious_a and_o more_o comply_v it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o there_o be_v many_o that_o call_v for_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n that_o every_o man_n may_v sell_v his_o own_o commodity_n as_o he_o please_v and_o it_o be_v well_o that_o man_n will_v consider_v themselves_o as_o well_o in_o their_o relation_n as_o in_o their_o own_o personal_a respect_n for_o if_o every_o man_n be_v independent_a his_o liberty_n will_v be_v in_o like_a manner_n independent_a but_o so_o long_o as_o any_o man_n be_v a_o member_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n his_o liberty_n must_v likewise_o depend_v upon_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o good_a for_o the_o nation_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v sell_v his_o own_o commodity_n as_o he_o please_v he_o may_v claim_v the_o liberty_n as_o a_o freeman_n but_o not_o as_o a_o englishman_n nor_o be_v that_o liberty_n just_a so_o long_o as_o his_o country_n have_v a_o interest_n in_o his_o commodity_n for_o its_o safety_n and_o welfare_n as_o in_o his_o own_o person_n i_o do_v not_o assert_v the_o manner_n of_o buy_v the_o staple-commodity_n by_o merchant_n of_o the_o staple_n to_o sell_v the_o same_o again_o in_o kind_n for_o their_o private_a advantage_n divers_a limitation_n must_v concur_v to_o save_v it_o from_o a_o unlawful_a engross_n nor_o do_v it_o appear_v to_o i_o that_o the_o stapler_n in_o these_o time_n use_v such_o course_n or_o be_v other_o than_o mere_a officer_n for_o the_o regulate_v of_o the_o staple_n in_o nature_n of_o a_o court_n of_o piepowder_n belong_v to_o some_o fair_a or_o market_n nevertheless_o i_o conjecture_v that_o it_o may_v well_o be_v make_v evident_a from_o principle_n of_o state_n that_o mart_n market_n and_o staple_n of_o commodity_n that_o be_v of_o the_o proper_a offspring_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v as_o necessary_a to_o trade_n as_o conduit_n be_v to_o place_n that_o want_v water_n the_o seven_o and_o last_o mean_n that_o be_v set_v on_o foot_n in_o these_o time_n for_o the_o advance_v of_o trade_n be_v the_o regulate_v of_o the_o mint_n and_o the_o current_n of_o money_n this_o be_v the_o life_n and_o soul_n of_o trade_n for_o though_o exchange_n of_o commodity_n may_v do_v much_o yet_o it_o can_v be_v for_o all_o because_o it_o be_v not_o the_o lot_n of_o all_o to_o have_v exchangeable_a commodity_n nor_o to_o work_v for_o apparel_n and_o victual_n now_o in_o the_o manage_n of_o this_o trick_n of_o money_n two_o thing_n be_v principal_o look_v unto_o first_o that_o the_o money_n be_v good_a and_o currant_n second_o 13._o that_o it_o shall_v be_v plentiful_a as_o touch_v the_o excellency_n of_o the_o money_n 3_o several_a rule_n be_v make_v as_o against_o
former_o have_v be_v already_o manifest_v three_o as_o touch_v matrimonial_a cause_n their_o former_a power_n of_o make_v law_n concern_v they_o and_o testamentary_a cause_n be_v now_o absolute_o take_v away_o only_o concern_v matrimonial_a matter_n they_o have_v so_o much_o of_o the_o judicatory_a power_n concern_v the_o same_o put_v upon_o they_o as_o may_v well_o serve_v the_o king_n own_o turn_n and_o that_o be_v for_o determine_v the_o matter_n between_o himself_o and_o the_o lady_n katherine_n dowager_n 12._o depend_v before_o the_o archbishop_n cranmer_n for_o the_o king_n suppose_v the_o pope_n a_o party_n and_o therefore_o mean_v not_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v his_o judge_n and_o thus_o though_o the_o clergy_n have_v acknowledge_v the_o king_n to_o be_v their_o supreme_a head_n yet_o in_o this_o he_o be_v content_a to_o acknowledge_v their_o supremacy_n above_o he_o to_o judge_v between_o himself_o and_o his_o queen_n and_o in_o other_o matter_n concern_v himself_o so_o as_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n the_o convocation_n be_v gainer_n in_o some_o thing_n in_o other_o thing_n they_o be_v only_a loser_n of_o that_o which_o be_v none_o of_o their_o own_o chap._n xxx_o of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o their_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n those_o spirit_n be_v true_o degenerate_a that_o be_v sensible_a of_o misery_n can_v stir_v up_o desire_n of_o change_n although_o the_o way_n thereto_o lie_v open_a before_o they_o and_o this_o show_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o romish_a yoke_n that_o it_o lay_v upon_o the_o spirit_n of_o man_n do_v intoxicate_a and_o make_v they_o drink_v with_o their_o condition_n otherwise_o the_o usurpation_n oppression_n extortion_n and_o encroachment_n of_o the_o popedom_n upon_o the_o bishop_n sphere_n and_o the_o people_n under_o their_o charge_n can_v never_o have_v provoke_v such_o complain_n among_o all_o sort_n in_o several_a age_n from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o now_o that_o henry_n the_o eight_o undertake_v to_o set_v they_o free_a so_o as_o they_o will_v acknowledge_v his_o supremacy_n they_o all_o be_v strike_v dumb_a till_o a_o praemuniri_fw-la teach_v they_o to_o speak_v and_o so_o be_v scare_v into_o a_o better_a condition_n than_o they_o will_v have_v have_v and_o into_o a_o more_o absolute_a estate_n of_o jurisdiction_n than_o they_o receive_v from_o their_o predecessor_n the_o pope_n have_v now_o usurp_v a_o power_n supra-ordinary_a over_o all_o appeal_v gain_v the_o definitive_a sentence_n to_o the_o roman_a see_v and_o have_v hold_v this_o power_n by_o the_o space_n of_o four_o hundred_o year_n and_o the_o king_n find_v the_o root_n of_o all_o the_o mischief_n to_o his_o crown_n from_o abroad_o spring_v from_o that_o principle_n mean_v not_o to_o dispute_v the_o point_n with_o the_o casuist_n but_o by_o one_o statute_n take_v away_o all_o appeal_v to_o rome_n 12._o and_o determine_v appeal_n from_o the_o bishop_n court_n in_o the_o archbishop_n court_n and_o the_o appeal_v from_o the_o archbishops_n commissary_n in_o the_o court_n of_o audience_n so_o as_o though_o in_o the_o king_n own_o case_n the_o convocation_n have_v the_o last_o blow_n yet_o in_o matter_n concern_v the_o subject_n the_o archbishop_n be_v either_o more_o worthy_a or_o more_o willing_a with_o that_o trust_n for_o though_o the_o convocation_n may_v have_v determine_v all_o as_o well_o as_o the_o pope_n yet_o for_o dispatch_v sake_n of_o a_o multitude_n of_o appeal_n now_o depend_v at_o rome_n and_o to_o prevent_v long_a attendance_n on_o the_o convocation_n that_o now_o have_v much_o to_o do_v in_o matter_n of_o more_o public_a nature_n the_o utmost_a appeal_n in_o such_o case_n be_v make_v provincial_a this_o whether_o privilege_n or_o prejudice_n the_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n gain_v above_o the_o civil_a who_o definitive_a sentence_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o thus_o be_v the_o archbishop_n make_v heir_n to_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o great_a privilege_n of_o a_o pope_n to_o be_v chief_a judge_n on_o earth_n in_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a within_o his_o own_o province_n a_o trick_n that_o in_o my_o opinion_n much_o darken_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o king_n title_n of_o supreme_a head_n which_o the_o churchman_n have_v former_o offer_v up_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o realm_n for_o be_v it_o so_o that_o the_o title_n be_v in_o the_o crown_n by_o remitter_n yet_o can_v the_o same_o carry_v along_o with_o it_o any_o more_o than_o a_o lawful_a power_n and_o whether_o all_o the_o pope_n former_a power_n allow_v he_o by_o the_o canon_n or_o gain_v by_o usurpation_n and_o custom_n shall_v be_v say_v a_o lawful_a power_n or_o whether_o the_o power_n of_o review_n by_o appeal_n shall_v be_v derive_v to_o the_o crown_n under_o the_o general_a notion_n of_o supreamacy_n upon_o the_o clergy_n submission_n be_v to_o i_o a_o doubt_n albeit_o i_o must_v give_v honour_n to_o the_o judgement_n in_o print_n in_o regard_n that_o after_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o matter_n concern_v the_o divorce_n of_o the_o lady_n katherine_n dowager_n 344._o come_v before_o the_o pope_n by_o appeal_n and_o there_o depend_v the_o king_n himself_o also_o wait_v upon_o that_o see_v for_o justice_n and_o a_o definitive_a sentence_n in_o that_o matter_n and_o thereby_o acknowledge_v the_o pope_n power_n de_n facto_fw-la notwithstanding_o the_o clergy_n forego_v submission_n and_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o delay_n at_o rome_n he_o procure_v this_o statute_n concern_v appeal_n to_o be_v make_v whereby_o at_o one_o breath_n he_o take_v the_o appeal_n to_o rome_n away_o and_o settle_v they_o as_o former_o have_v be_v mention_v all_o which_o be_v do_v two_o year_n before_o the_o title_n of_o supremacy_n be_v annex_v or_o declare_v for_o to_o be_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o as_o to_o i_o it_o appear_v the_o power_n of_o supreme_a cognizance_n of_o appeal_n be_v not_o in_o actual_a possession_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o clergy_n submission_n so_o be_v it_o actual_o vest_v in_o the_o archbishop_n before_o the_o title_n of_o supremacy_n be_v confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o so_o it_o never_o be_v in_o the_o crown_n actual_o possess_v much_o less_o have_v the_o crown_n the_o same_o by_o remitter_n for_o the_o king_n turn_n once_o serve_v by_o the_o convocation_n and_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o divorce_n of_o queen_n katherine_n settle_v the_o king_n perceive_v the_o slow_a progress_n of_o the_o convocation_n the_o member_n of_o the_o same_o not_o be_v yet_o sufficient_o tune_v to_o the_o present_a affair_n and_o moderate_a archbishop_n cranmer_n likewise_o foresee_v that_o the_o odium_n of_o these_o definitive_a sentence_n will_v be_v too_o great_a for_o he_o to_o bear_v another_o appeal_n be_v provide_v more_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o crown_n to_o be_v from_o the_o archbishop_n to_o delegate_n to_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n so_o as_o though_o their_o nomination_n be_v the_o king_n yet_o their_o power_n be_v deduce_v immediate_o from_o the_o parliament_n which_o take_v the_o same_o from_o the_o archbishop_n and_o confer_v it_o upon_o they_o a_o second_o advantage_n not_o inferior_a hereto_o which_o the_o archbishop_n gain_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o popedom_n 19_o be_v the_o power_n of_o licenses_fw-la and_o dispensation_n or_o faculty_n in_o the_o pope_n it_o be_v a_o transcendent_a power_n without_o any_o rule_n but_o what_o be_v tune_v to_o he_o by_o the_o bird_n in_o his_o own_o breast_n and_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o much_o licence_n or_o rather_o licentiousness_n in_o the_o world_n but_o in_o the_o archbishop_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v regulate_v to_o be_v first_o in_o cause_n not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god._n second_o 21._o such_o as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o honour_n and_o security_n of_o the_o king._n three_o such_o as_o be_v former_o wont_n to_o be_v remedy_v at_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n yet_o in_o truth_n leave_v as_o much_o scope_n for_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o archbishop_n to_o walk_v in_o as_o the_o pope_n have_v in_o former_a time_n a_o large_a teather_n and_o great_a privilege_n than_o ever_o the_o crown_n have_v by_o which_o although_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v like_o saul_n high_a by_o the_o head_n than_o all_o the_o people_n yet_o in_o many_o thing_n samuel_n be_v high_a than_o he_o the_o move_a cause_n hereof_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o find_v out_o the_o king_n have_v but_o late_o marry_v the_o lady_n anne_n bullen_n a_o thing_n that_o many_o startle_v at_o and_o the_o king_n himself_o not_o extreme_o resolve_v in_o he_o will_v therefore_o have_v his_o way_n like_o that_o of_o the_o zodiac_n broad_a enough_o for_o planetary_a motion_n of_o any_o one_o that_o can_v not_o contain_v himself_o within_o the_o ecliptic_a line_n of_o the_o law_n and_o so_o