derive_v and_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n beside_o they_o have_v intimation_n that_o henry_n the_o four_o be_v take_v up_o in_o great_a preparation_n of_o war_n which_o they_o doubt_v will_v at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o fall_n on_o that_o side_n at_o least_o if_o they_o be_v invite_v by_o any_o great_a decay_n of_o the_o spanish_a power_n in_o flanders_n and_o they_o know_v very_o well_o they_o shall_v lie_v as_o much_o at_o the_o mercy_n of_o such_o a_o neighbour_n as_o france_n as_o they_o have_v former_o do_v of_o such_o a_o master_n as_o spain_n for_o the_o spanish_a power_n in_o flanders_n be_v feed_v by_o treasure_n that_o come_v by_o long_a and_o perilous_a voyage_n out_o of_o spain_n by_o troop_n draw_v either_o from_o thence_o or_o from_o italy_n or_o germany_n with_o much_o casualty_n and_o more_o expense_n their_o territory_n of_o the_o ten_o province_n be_v small_a and_o awe_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n and_o jealousy_n both_o of_o england_n and_o france_n 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that_o of_o his_o father_n but_o much_o raise_v by_o his_o own_o personal_a virtue_n and_o quality_n and_o the_o success_n of_o his_o arm_n be_v now_o grow_v so_o high_a the_o prince_n be_v governor_n or_o stadtholder_n of_o four_o of_o the_o province_n and_o two_o of_o his_o cousin_n of_o the_o other_o three_o that_o several_a of_o the_o state_n head_v by_o barnevelt_n pensioner_n of_o holland_n and_o a_o man_n of_o great_a ability_n and_o authority_n among_o they_o become_v jealous_a of_o the_o prince_n power_n and_o pretend_v to_o fear_v the_o growth_n of_o it_o to_o a_o absolute_a dominion_n they_o know_v it_o will_v increase_v by_o the_o continuance_n of_o a_o war_n which_o be_v whole_o manage_v by_o the_o prince_n and_o think_v that_o in_o a_o peace_n it_o will_v diminish_v and_o give_v way_n to_o the_o authority_n of_o civil_a power_n which_o dispose_v this_o whole_a party_n to_o desire_v the_o treaty_n and_o to_o advance_v the_o progress_n and_o issue_n of_o it_o by_o all_o their_o assistance_n and_o these_o different_a humour_n stir_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o state_n with_o almost_o equal_a strength_n and_o vigour_n the_o negotiation_n of_o a_o peace_n come_v to_o be_v end_v after_o long_a debate_n and_o infinite_a endeavour_n break_v in_o appearance_n upon_o the_o point_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o indian_a trade_n but_o yet_o come_v to_o knit_v again_o and_o conclude_v in_o a_o truce_n of_o twelve_o year_n date_v in_o the_o year_n 1609_o whereof_o the_o most_o essential_a point_n be_v the_o declaration_n of_o treat_v with_o they_o as_o free_a province_n the_o cessation_n of_o all_o act_n of_o hostility_n on_o both_o side_n during_o the_o truce_n the_o enjoyment_n for_o that_o space_n of_o all_o that_o each_o party_n possess_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o treaty_n that_o no_o new_a fortification_n shall_v be_v raise_v on_o either_o side_n and_o that_o free_a commerce_n shall_v be_v restore_v on_o all_o part_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o it_o be_v before_o the_o war_n and_o thus_o the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n come_v to_o be_v acknowledge_v as_o a_o free_a commonwealth_n by_o their_o ancient_a master_n have_v before_o be_v treat_v so_o by_o most_o of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o europe_n in_o frequent_a ambassy_n and_o negotiation_n among_o which_o a_o particular_a preference_n be_v give_v to_o the_o english_a crown_n who_o ambassador_n have_v session_n and_o vote_n in_o their_o council_n of_o state_n by_o agreement_n with_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o in_o acknowledgement_n of_o those_o great_a assistance_n which_o give_v life_n to_o their_o state_n when_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o expire_a though_o the_o dutch_a pretend_v that_o privilege_n be_v give_v to_o the_o ambassador_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o possession_n this_o crown_n have_v of_o the_o briel_n flussingue_n and_o ramekin_n and_o that_o it_o be_v to_o cease_v upon_o the_o restitution_n of_o those_o town_n and_o repayment_n of_o those_o sum_n lend_v by_o the_o queen_n in_o the_o very_a time_n of_o treat_v this_o truce_n a_o league_n be_v conclude_v between_o henry_n the_o four_o of_o france_n and_o the_o state_n for_o preserve_v the_o peace_n if_o it_o come_v to_o be_v conclude_v or_o in_o case_n of_o its_o fail_n for_o assistance_n of_o one_o another_o with_o ten_o thousand_o man_n on_o the_o king_n part_n and_o five_o thousand_o on_o the_o state_n nor_o do_v that_o king_n make_v any_o difficulty_n of_o continue_v the_o two_o regiment_n of_o foot_n and_o two_o hundred_o horse_n in_o the_o state_n service_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n after_o the_o truce_n which_o he_o have_v maintain_v for_o several_a year_n before_o it_o omit_v no_o provision_n that_o may_v tie_v that_o state_n to_o his_o interest_n and_o make_v he_o at_o present_a arbiter_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o for_o the_o future_a of_o the_o war_n if_o the_o truce_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v break_v or_o to_o expire_v of_o itself_o by_o what_o have_v be_v relate_v it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o no_o state_n be_v ever_o bear_v with_o strong_a throw_n or_o nurse_v up_o with_o hard_a fare_n or_o inure_v to_o great_a labour_n or_o danger_n in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o its_o youth_n which_o be_v circumstance_n that_o usual_o make_v strong_a and_o healthy_a body_n and_o so_o this_o have_v prove_v have_v never_o have_v more_o than_o one_o disease_n break_v out_o in_o the_o space_n of_o ninety_o three_o year_n which_o may_v be_v account_v the_o age_n of_o this_o state_n reckon_v from_o the_o union_n of_o utrecht_n enter_v by_o the_o province_n in_o 1579_o but_o this_o disease_n like_o those_o of_o the_o seed_n or_o conception_n in_o a_o natural_a body_n though_o it_o first_o appear_v in_o barnevelt_n time_n break_v out_o upon_o the_o negotiation_n with_o spain_n and_o seem_v to_o end_v with_o his_o death_n who_o be_v behead_v not_o many_o year_n after_o yet_o have_v it_o ever_o since_o continue_v lurk_v in_o the_o vein_n of_o this_o state_n and_o appear_v upon_o all_o revolution_n that_o seem_v to_o favour_v the_o predominancy_n of_o the_o one_o or_o other_o humour_n in_o the_o body_n and_o under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o the_o arminian_n party_n have_v ever_o make_v the_o weak_a side_n of_o this_o state_n and_o whenever_o their_o period_n come_v will_v prove_v the_o occasion_n of_o their_o fall_n the_o ground_n of_o this_o name_n of_o arminian_n be_v that_o whilst_o barnevelt_n party_n accuse_v those_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n as_o be_v careless_a of_o their_o liberty_n so_o dear_o buy_v as_o devote_v to_o the_o house_n of_o orange_n and_o dispose_v to_o the_o admission_n of_o a_o absolute_a principality_n and_o in_o order_n thereunto_o as_o promoter_n of_o a_o perpetual_a war_n with_o spain_n so_o those_o of_o the_o prince_n party_n accuse_v the_o other_o as_o lean_v still_o and_o look_v kind_o upon_o their_o old_a servitude_n and_o relish_v the_o spaniard_n both_o in_o their_o politic_n by_o so_o eager_o affect_v a_o peace_n with_o that_o crown_n and_o in_o their_o religion_n by_o be_v general_o arminian_n which_o be_v esteem_v the_o middle_a part_n between_o the_o calvinist_n and_o the_o roman_a religion_n and_o beside_o these_o mutual_a reproach_n the_o two_o party_n have_v ever_o value_v themselves_o upon_o the_o assert_v one_o of_o the_o true_a and_o pure_a reform_a religion_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o true_a and_o free_a liberty_n of_o the_o state_n the_o fortune_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n that_o have_v happen_v in_o their_o war_n or_o negotiation_n since_o the_o truce_n with_o spain_n and_o what_o circumstance_n or_o accident_n both_o abroad_o and_o at_o home_n serve_v to_o cultivate_v their_o mighty_a growth_n and_o conspire_v to_o the_o greatness_n wherein_o they_o appear_v to_o the_o world_n in_o the_o
deputy_n of_o the_o states-general_n as_o necessary_a for_o the_o support_n of_o the_o state_n or_o union_n for_o extraordinary_a occasion_n they_o be_v convoke_v by_o a_o council_n call_v the_o gecommi_fw-it heerde_v raeden_n or_o the_o commissioned_n councillor_n who_o be_v proper_o a_o council_n of_o state_n of_o the_o province_n compose_v of_o several_a deputy_n one_o from_o the_o noble_n one_o from_o each_o of_o the_o chief_a town_n and_o but_o one_o from_o three_o of_o the_o small_a town_n each_o of_o the_o three_o choose_v he_o by_o turn_n and_o this_o council_n sit_v constant_o at_o the_o hague_n and_o both_o propose_v to_o the_o provincial-state_n at_o their_o extraordinary_a assembly_n the_o matter_n of_o deliberation_n and_o execute_v their_o resolution_n in_o these_o assembly_n though_o all_o be_v equal_a in_o voice_n and_o any_o one_o hinder_v a_o result_n yet_o it_o seldom_o happen_v but_o that_o unite_a by_o one_o common_a bond_n of_o interest_n and_o have_v all_o one_o common_a end_n of_o public_a good_a they_o come_v after_o full_a debate_n to_o easy_a resolution_n yield_v to_o the_o power_n of_o reason_n where_o it_o be_v clear_a and_o strong_a and_o suppress_v all_o private_a passion_n or_o interest_n so_o as_o the_o small_a part_n seldom_o contest_v hard_a or_o long_o what_o the_o great_a agree_v of_o when_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o state_n agree_v in_o opinion_n they_o send_v some_o of_o their_o number_n to_o their_o respective_a town_n propose_v the_o affair_n and_o the_o reason_n allege_v and_o desire_v order_n from_o they_o to_o conclude_v which_o seldom_o fail_v if_o the_o necessity_n or_o utility_n be_v evident_a if_o it_o be_v more_o intricate_a or_o suffer_v delay_n the_o state_n adjourn_v for_o such_o a_o time_n as_o admit_v the_o return_n of_o all_o the_o deputy_n to_o their_o town_n where_o their_o influence_n and_o interest_n and_o the_o impression_n of_o the_o debate_n in_o their_o provincial_a assembly_n make_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o city_n easy_o gain_v beside_o the_o state_n and_o council_n mention_v the_o province_n have_v likewise_o a_o chamber_n of_o account_n who_o manage_v the_o general_a revenue_n of_o the_o province_n and_o beside_o this_o trust_n they_o have_v the_o absolute_a disposition_n of_o the_o ancient_a demesne_n of_o holland_n without_o give_v any_o account_n to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o province_n only_o at_o time_n either_o upon_o usual_a interval_n or_o upon_o a_o necessity_n of_o money_n the_o state_n call_v upon_o they_o for_o a_o subsidy_n of_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n or_o more_o as_o they_o be_v press_v or_o conceive_v the_o chamber_n to_o be_v grow_v rich_a beyond_o what_o be_v proportion_v to_o the_o general_a design_n of_o increase_a the_o ease_n and_o fortune_n of_o those_o person_n who_o compose_v it_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n dispose_n of_o these_o charge_n to_o man_n grow_v age_v in_o their_o service_n and_o who_o have_v pass_v through_o most_o of_o the_o employment_n of_o state_n with_o the_o esteem_n of_o prudence_n and_o integrity_n and_o such_o person_n find_v here_o a_o honourable_a and_o profitable_a retreat_n the_o province_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n as_o they_o use_v former_o to_o have_v one_o governor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n and_o austria_n so_o they_o have_v long_o have_v one_o common_a judicature_n which_o be_v exercise_v by_o two_o court_n of_o justice_n each_o of_o they_o common_a to_o both_o the_o province_n the_o first_o be_v compose_v of_o twelve_o councillor_n nine_o of_o holland_n and_o three_o of_o zealand_n of_o who_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n be_v the_o head_n by_o the_o old_a constitution_n use_v to_o preside_v whenever_o he_o please_v and_o to_o name_v all_o the_o councillor_n except_o one_o who_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o noble_n this_o court_n judge_n without_o appeal_n in_o all_o criminal_a cause_n but_o in_o civil_a there_o lie_v appeal_v to_o the_o other_o court_n which_o be_v call_v the_o high_a council_n from_o which_o there_o be_v no_o appeal_n but_o only_o by_o petition_n to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o province_n for_o a_o revision_n when_o these_o judge_n there_o be_v reason_n for_o it_o they_o grant_v letters-patent_n to_o that_o purpose_n name_v some_o syndique_n out_o of_o the_o town_n who_o be_v add_v to_o the_o councillor_n of_o the_o two_o former_a court_n revise_v and_o judge_v the_o cause_n in_o the_o last_o resort_n and_o this_o course_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v institute_v by_o way_n of_o supply_n or_o imitation_n of_o the_o chamber_n of_o mechlyn_n to_o which_o before_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o province_n there_o lay_v a_o appeal_n by_o way_n of_o revision_n from_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o provincial_a court_n of_o justice_n as_o there_o still_o do_v in_o the_o spanish_a province_n of_o the_o netherlands_o province_n the_o union_n be_v make_v up_o of_o the_o seven_o sovereign_a province_n before_o name_v who_o choose_v their_o respective_a deputy_n and_o send_v they_o to_o the_o hague_n for_o the_o compose_n of_o three_o several_a college_n call_v the_o states-general_n the_o council_n of_o state_n and_o the_o chamber_n of_o account_n the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o this_o united-state_n lie_v effective_o in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o states-general_n which_o use_v at_o first_o to_o be_v convoke_v upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n by_o the_o council_n of_o state_n but_o that_o seldom_o in_o regard_n they_o usual_o consist_v of_o above_o eight_o hundred_o person_n who_o meeting_n together_o in_o one_o place_n from_o so_o many_o several_a part_n give_v too_o great_a a_o shake_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o union_n make_v the_o debate_n long_o and_o sometime_o confuse_v the_o resolution_n slow_a and_o upon_o sudden_a occasion_n out_o of_o time_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o states-general_n the_o council_n of_o state_n represent_v their_o authority_n and_o execute_v their_o resolution_n and_o judge_v of_o the_o necessity_n of_o a_o new_a convocation_n till_o after_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n departure_n from_o the_o government_n the_o provincial-state_n desire_v of_o the_o general_n that_o they_o may_v by_o their_o constant_a respective_a deputy_n continue_v their_o assembly_n under_o the_o name_n of_o states-general_n which_o be_v never_o after_o assemble_v but_o at_o bergen_n ap_fw-mi zoom_n for_o ratify_v with_o more_o solemn_a form_n and_o authority_n the_o truce_n conclude_v with_o duke_n albert_n and_o spain_n this_o desire_n of_o the_o province_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o pretence_n that_o the_o council_n of_o state_n convoke_v they_o but_o seldom_o and_o at_o will_n and_o that_o be_v to_o execute_v all_o in_o their_o absence_n they_o thereby_o arrogate_a to_o themselves_o too_o great_a a_o authority_n in_o the_o state_n but_o a_o more_o secret_a reason_n have_v great_a weight_n in_o this_o affair_n which_o be_v that_o the_o english_a ambassador_n have_v by_o agreement_n with_o queen_n elizabeth_n a_o constant_a place_n in_o their_o council_n of_o state_n and_o upon_o the_o distaste_v arise_v between_o the_o province_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n with_o some_o jealousy_n of_o the_o queen_n disposition_n to_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o spain_n they_o have_v no_o mind_n that_o her_o ambassador_n shall_v be_v present_a any_o long_o in_o the_o first_o digestion_n of_o their_o affair_n which_o be_v then_o usual_o make_v in_o the_o council_n of_o state_n and_o hereupon_o they_o first_o frame_v the_o ordinary_a council_n call_v the_o states-general_n which_o have_v ever_o since_o pass_v by_o that_o name_n and_o sit_v constant_o in_o the_o court_n at_o the_o hague_n represent_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o union_n give_v audience_n and_o dispatch_n to_o all_o foreign_a minister_n but_o yet_o be_v indeed_o only_a a_o representative_a of_o the_o states-general_n the_o assembly_n whereof_o be_v whole_o disuse_v the_o council_n of_o state_n the_o admiralty_n and_o the_o treasury_n be_v all_o subordinate_a to_o this_o council_n all_o which_o be_v continue_v in_o as_o near_o a_o resemblance_n as_o can_v be_v to_o the_o several_a council_n use_v in_o the_o time_n when_o the_o province_n be_v subject_a to_o their_o several_a principality_n or_o unite_v under_o one_o in_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n and_o austria_n only_o the_o several_a deputy_n compose_v one_o voice_n now_o succeed_v the_o single_a person_n employ_v under_o the_o former_a government_n and_o the_o hague_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o count_n of_o holland_n still_o continue_v to_o be_v so_o of_o all_o these_o council_n where_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o former_a sovereign_n lodge_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n as_o governor_n and_o receive_v these_o several_a council_n as_o attend_v still_o upon_o the_o sovereignty_n represent_v by_o the_o states-general_n the_o member_n of_o all_o these_o council_n be_v place_v and_o change_v by_o the_o several_a province_n
observation_n upon_o the_o unite_a province_n of_o the_o netherlands_o by_o sir_n william_n temple_n of_o shene_n in_o the_o county_n of_o surrey_n baronet_n ambassador_n at_o the_o hague_n and_o at_o aix_n la_fw-fr chappellè_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1668._o london_n print_v by_o a._n maxwell_n for_o sa._n gellibrand_n at_o the_o golden_a ball_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1673._o the_o preface_n have_v late_o see_v the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n after_o a_o prodigious_a growth_n in_o riches_n beauty_n extent_n of_o commerce_n and_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n arrive_v at_o length_n to_o such_o a_o height_n by_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o navy_n their_o fortify_v town_n and_o standing-force_n with_o a_o constant_a revenue_n proportion_v to_o the_o support_n of_o all_o this_o greatness_n as_o make_v they_o the_o envy_n of_o some_o the_o fear_n of_o other_o and_o the_o wonder_n of_o all_o their_o neighbour_n we_o have_v this_o summer_n past_a behold_v the_o same_o state_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o great_a appear_a safety_n order_n strength_n and_o vigour_n almost_o ruin_v and_o break_v to_o piece_n in_o some_o few_o day_n and_o by_o very_a few_o blow_n and_o reduce_v in_o a_o manner_n to_o its_o first_o principle_n of_o weakness_n and_o distress_n expose_v oppress_v and_o very_o near_o at_o mercy_n their_o inland-province_n swallow_v up_o by_o a_o invasion_n almost_o as_o sudden_a and_o unresisted_a as_o the_o inundation_n to_o which_o the_o other_o be_v subject_a and_o the_o remainder_n of_o their_o state_n rather_o keep_v alive_a by_o neglect_n or_o disconcert_v of_o its_o enemy_n than_o by_o any_o strength_n of_o nature_n or_o endeavour_n at_o its_o own_o recovery_n now_o because_o such_o a_o greatness_n and_o such_o a_o fall_n of_o this_o state_n seem_v revolution_n unparalleled_a in_o any_o story_n and_o hardly_o conceive_v even_o by_o those_o who_o have_v late_o see_v they_o i_o think_v it_o may_v be_v worth_a a_o idle_a man_n time_n to_o give_v some_o account_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o progress_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n the_o cause_n of_o their_o greatness_n and_o the_o step_n towards_o their_o fall_n which_o be_v all_o make_v by_o motion_n perhaps_o little_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o common_a eye_n and_o almost_o undiscernible_a to_o any_o man_n that_o be_v not_o place_v to_o the_o best_a advantage_n and_o something_o concern_v as_o well_o as_o much_o incline_v to_o observe_v they_o the_o usual_a duty_n of_o employment_n abroad_o impose_v not_o only_o by_o custom_n but_o by_o order_n of_o state_n make_v it_o fit_a for_o i_o to_o prepare_v some_o formal_a account_n of_o this_o country_n and_o government_n after_o two_o year_n embassy_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o so_o great_a conjuncture_n and_o negotiation_n among_o they_o and_o such_o a_o revolution_n as_o have_v since_o happen_v there_o though_o it_o may_v have_v make_v these_o discourse_n little_o important_a to_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o council_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o have_v render_v they_o less_o agreeable_a to_o common_a eye_n who_o like_o man_n that_o live_v near_o the_o sea_n will_v run_v out_o upon_o the_o cliff_n to_o gaze_v at_o it_o in_o a_o storm_n though_o they_o will_v not_o look_v out_o of_o their_o window_n to_o see_v it_o in_o a_o calm_a beside_o at_o a_o time_n when_o the_o action_n of_o this_o scene_n take_v up_o so_o general_o the_o eye_n and_o discourse_n of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o the_o map_n of_o their_o country_n grow_v so_o much_o in_o request_n i_o think_v a_o map_n of_o their_o state_n and_o government_n will_v not_o be_v unwelcome_a to_o the_o world_n since_o it_o be_v full_a as_o necessary_a as_o the_o other_o to_o understand_v the_o late_a revolution_n and_o change_n among_o they_o and_o as_o no_o man_n story_n can_v be_v well_o write_v till_o he_o be_v dead_a so_o the_o account_n of_o this_o state_n can_v not_o be_v well_o give_v till_o its_o fall_n which_o may_v just_o be_v date_v from_o the_o event_n of_o last_o summer_n whatever_o fortune_n may_v further_o attend_v they_o since_o therein_o we_o have_v see_v the_o sudden_a and_o violent_a dissolution_n of_o that_o more_o popular_a government_n which_o have_v continue_v and_o make_v so_o much_o noise_n for_o above_o twenty_o year_n in_o the_o world_n without_o the_o exercise_n or_o influence_n of_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n a_o part_n so_o essential_a in_o the_o first_o constitution_n of_o their_o state_n nor_o can_v i_o whole_o lose_v my_o pain_n in_o this_o adventure_n when_o i_o shall_v gain_v the_o ease_n of_o answer_v this_o way_n at_o once_o those_o many_o question_n i_o have_v late_o be_v use_v to_o upon_o this_o occasion_n which_o make_v i_o first_o observe_v and_o wonder_v how_o ignorant_a we_o be_v general_o in_o the_o affair_n and_o constitution_n of_o a_o country_n so_o much_o in_o our_o eye_n the_o common_a road_n of_o our_o travel_n as_o well_o as_o subject_v of_o our_o talk_n and_o which_o we_o have_v be_v of_o late_a not_o only_o curious_a but_o concern_v to_o know_v i_o be_o very_o sensible_a how_o ill_o a_o trade_n it_o be_v to_o write_v where_o much_o be_v venture_v and_o little_o can_v be_v gain_v since_o whoever_o do_v it_o ill_o be_v sure_a of_o contempt_n and_o the_o justly_a that_o can_v be_v when_o no_o man_n provoke_v he_o to_o discover_v his_o own_o folly_n or_o to_o trouble_v the_o world_n if_o he_o write_v well_o he_o raise_v the_o envy_n of_o those_o wit_n that_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o vogue_n and_o be_v jealous_a of_o their_o preferment_n there_o as_o if_o it_o be_v in_o love_n or_o in_o state_n and_o have_v find_v that_o the_o near_a way_n to_o their_o own_o reputation_n lie_v right_a or_o wrong_v by_o the_o derision_n of_o other_o man_n but_o however_o i_o be_o not_o in_o pain_n for_o it_o be_v the_o affectation_n of_o praise_n that_o make_v the_o fear_n of_o reproach_n and_o i_o write_v without_o other_o design_n than_o of_o entertain_v very_o idle_a man_n and_o among_o they_o myself_o for_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o be_v whole_o useless_a to_o the_o public_a and_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o care_n of_o increase_a riches_n which_o busy_a the_o world_n be_v grow_v cold_a to_o the_o pleasure_n of_o young_a or_o lively_a man_n and_o have_v end_v the_o entertainment_n of_o building_n and_o plant_v which_o use_v to_o succeed_v they_o finding_z little_a taste_n in_o common_a conversation_n and_o trouble_v in_o much_o read_n from_o the_o care_n of_o my_o eye_n since_o a_o illness_n contract_v by_o many_o unnecessary_a diligence_n in_o my_o employment_n abroad_o there_o can_v hardly_o be_v find_v a_o idler_n man_n than_o i_o nor_o consequent_o one_o more_o excusable_a for_o give_v way_n to_o such_o amusement_n as_o this_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o to_o enjoy_v the_o ease_n of_o a_o private_a life_n and_o fortune_n which_o as_o i_o know_v no_o man_n envy_v so_o i_o thank_v god_n no_o man_n can_v reproach_v i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o the_o vein_n of_o read_v never_o run_v low_a than_o in_o this_o age_n and_o seldom_o go_v further_a than_o the_o design_n of_o raise_v a_o stock_n to_o furnish_v some_o call_v or_o conversation_n the_o desire_n of_o knowledge_n be_v either_o laugh_v out_o of_o door_n by_o the_o wit_n that_o please_v the_o age_n or_o beat_v out_o by_o interest_n that_o so_o much_o possess_v it_o and_o the_o amusement_n of_o book_n give_v way_n to_o the_o liberty_n or_o refinement_n of_o pleasure_n that_o be_v former_o less_o know_v or_o less_o avow_v than_o now_o yet_o some_o there_o will_v always_o be_v find_v in_o the_o world_n who_o ask_v no_o more_o at_o their_o idle_a hour_n than_o to_o forget_v themselves_o and_o whether_o that_o be_v bring_v about_o by_o drink_n or_o play_n by_o love_n or_o business_n or_o by_o some_o diversion_n as_o idle_a as_o this_o it_o be_v all_o a_o case_n beside_o it_o may_v possible_o fall_v out_o at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o that_o some_o prince_n or_o great_a minister_n may_v not_o be_v ill_o please_v in_o these_o kind_n of_o memorial_n upon_o such_o a_o subject_a to_o trace_v the_o step_n of_o trade_n and_o riches_n of_o order_n and_o power_n in_o a_o state_n and_o those_o likewise_o of_o weak_a or_o violent_a counsel_n of_o corrupt_a or_o ill_a conduct_n of_o faction_n or_o obstinacy_n which_o decay_n and_o dissolve_v the_o firm_a government_n that_o so_o by_o reflection_n upon_o foreign_a event_n they_o may_v provide_v the_o better_a and_o the_o early_o against_o those_o at_o home_n and_o raise_v their_o own_o honour_n and_o happiness_n by_o equal_a degree_n with_o the_o prosperity_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o nation_n they_o govern_v for_o under_o favour_n of_o those_o who_o will_v pass_v for_o wit_n in_o our_o age_n by_o say_v thing_n which_o david_n
tell_v we_o the_o fool_n say_v in_o he_o and_o set_v up_o with_o bring_v those_o ware_n to_o market_n which_o god_n know_v have_v be_v always_o in_o the_o world_n though_o keep_v up_o in_o corner_n because_o they_o use_v to_o mark_v their_o owner_n in_o former_a age_n with_o the_o name_n of_o buffoon_n profane_a or_o impudent_a man_n who_o deride_v all_o form_n and_o order_n as_o well_o as_o piety_n and_o truth_n and_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o foppery_n endeavour_v to_o dissolve_v the_o very_a bond_n of_o all_o civil_a society_n though_o by_o the_o favour_n and_o protection_n thereof_o they_o themselves_o enjoy_v so_o much_o great_a proportion_n of_o wealth_n and_o of_o pleasure_n than_o will_v fall_v to_o their_o share_n if_o all_o lay_v in_o common_a as_o they_o seem_v to_o design_n for_o then_o such_o possession_n will_v belong_v of_o right_a to_o the_o strong_a and_o brave_a among_o we_o under_o favour_n of_o such_o man_n i_o believe_v it_o will_v be_v find_v at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o by_o all_o who_o shall_v try_v that_o whilst_o human_a nature_n continue_v what_o it_o be_v the_o same_o order_n in_o state_n the_o same_o discipline_n in_o army_n the_o same_o reverence_n for_o thing_n sacred_a and_o respect_n of_o civil_a institution_n the_o same_o virtue_n and_o disposition_n of_o prince_n and_o magistrate_n derive_v by_o interest_n or_o imitation_n into_o the_o custom_n and_o humour_n of_o the_o people_n will_v ever_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n upon_o the_o strength_n and_o greatness_n of_o all_o government_n and_o upon_o the_o honour_n and_o authority_n of_o those_o that_o rule_n as_o well_o as_o the_o happiness_n and_o safety_n of_o those_o that_o obey_v nor_o be_v we_o to_o think_v prince_n themselves_o loser_n or_o less_o entertain_v when_o we_o see_v they_o employ_v their_o time_n and_o their_o thought_n in_o so_o useful_a speculation_n and_o to_o so_o glorious_a end_n but_o that_o rather_o thereby_o they_o attain_v their_o true_a prerogative_n of_o be_v happy_a as_o well_o as_o great_a than_o subject_n can_v be_v for_o all_o the_o pleasure_n of_o sense_n that_o any_o man_n can_v enjoy_v be_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o a_o private_a fortune_n and_o ordinary_a contrivance_n grow_v faint_a with_o age_n and_o dull_a with_o use_n must_v be_v revive_v with_o intermission_n and_o wait_v upon_o the_o return_n of_o appetite_n which_o be_v no_o more_o at_o call_v of_o the_o rich_a than_o the_o poor_a the_o slash_n of_o wit_n and_o good_a humour_n that_o rise_v from_o the_o vapour_n of_o wine_n be_v little_a different_a from_o those_o that_o proceed_v from_o the_o heat_n of_o blood_n in_o the_o first_o approach_n of_o fever_n or_o frenzy_n and_o be_v to_o be_v value_v but_o as_o indeed_o they_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o distemper_n but_o the_o pleasure_n of_o imagination_n as_o they_o heighten_v and_o refine_v the_o very_a pleasure_n of_o sense_n so_o they_o be_v of_o large_a extent_n and_o long_a duration_n and_o if_o the_o most_o sensual_a man_n will_v confess_v there_o be_v a_o pleasure_n in_o please_a he_o must_v likewise_o allow_v there_o be_v good_a to_o a_o man_n self_n in_o do_v good_a to_o other_o and_o the_o further_a this_o extend_v the_o high_a it_o rise_v and_o the_o long_o it_o last_v beside_o there_o be_v beauty_n in_o order_n and_o there_o be_v charm_n in_o well-deserved_n praise_n and_o both_o be_v the_o great_a by_o how_o much_o great_a the_o subject_a as_o the_o first_o appear_v in_o a_o well-framed_n and_o well-governed_a state_n and_o the_o other_o arise_v from_o noble_a and_o generous_a action_n nor_o can_v any_o vein_n of_o good_a humour_n be_v great_a than_o those_o that_o swell_v by_o the_o success_n of_o wise_a counsel_n and_o by_o the_o fortunate_a event_n of_o public_a affair_n since_o a_o man_n that_o take_v pleasure_n in_o do_v good_a to_o ten_o thousand_o must_v needs_o have_v more_o than_o he_o that_o take_v none_o but_o in_o do_v good_a to_o himself_o but_o these_o thought_n lead_v i_o too_o far_o and_o to_o little_a purpose_n therefore_o i_o shall_v leave_v they_o for_o those_o i_o have_v first_o in_o my_o head_n concern_v the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n and_o whereas_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o revenue_n grow_v out_o of_o the_o vastness_n of_o their_o trade_n into_o which_o their_o religion_n their_o manner_n and_o disposition_n their_o situation_n and_o the_o form_n of_o their_o government_n be_v the_o chief_a ingredient_n and_o this_o last_o have_v be_v raise_v partly_o upon_o a_o old_a foundation_n and_o partly_o with_o material_n bring_v together_o by_o many_o and_o various_a accident_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a for_o the_o survey_n of_o this_o great_a frame_n to_o give_v some_o account_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o progress_n of_o their_o state_n by_o point_v out_o the_o most_o remarkable_a occasion_n of_o the_o first_o and_o period_n of_o the_o other_o to_o discover_v the_o nature_n and_o constitution_n of_o their_o government_n in_o its_o several_a part_n and_o the_o motion_n of_o it_o from_o the_o first_o and_o small_a wheel_n to_o observe_v what_o be_v peculiar_a to_o they_o in_o their_o situation_n or_o disposition_n and_o what_o in_o their_o religion_n to_o take_v a_o survey_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o of_o the_o force_n and_o revenue_n which_o compose_v their_o greatness_n and_o the_o circumstance_n and_o conjuncture_n which_o conspire_v to_o their_o fall_n and_o these_o be_v the_o head_n that_o shall_v make_v the_o order_n and_o argument_n in_o the_o several_a part_n of_o these_o observation_n the_o content_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o rise_n and_o progress_n of_o their_o state_n chap._n ii_o of_o their_o government_n chap._n iii_o of_o their_o situation_n chap._n iu._n of_o their_o people_n and_o disposition_n chap._n v._o of_o their_o religion_n chap._n vi_o of_o their_o trade_n chap._n vii_o of_o their_o force_n and_o revenue_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o fall_n in_o 1672._o the_o printer_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o author_n have_v not_o concern_v himself_o in_o the_o publication_n of_o these_o paper_n it_o have_v happen_v that_o for_o want_n of_o his_o care_n in_o revise_v the_o impression_n several_a fault_n be_v slip_v in_o and_o some_o such_o as_o alter_v the_o sense_n for_o which_o i_o be_o to_o ask_v the_o reader_n be_v pardon_n and_o desire_v his_o trouble_n in_o correct_v such_o as_o occur_v to_o i_o according_a to_o the_o follow_a errata_fw-la page_n 20._o l_o 20._o r._n retain_v p._n 25._o l._n 26._o r_o execution_n p._n 46._o l._n 6._o r._n go_v on_o p._n 61._o l._n 2._o r._n form_v p._n 66._o l._n 9_o r._n elude_v p._n 90._o l._n 23._o r._n gecommitteerde_v p._n 91._o l._n 20._o deal_n either_o p._n 124._o l._n 28._o r._n be_v so_o much_o p._n 173._o l._n 17._o r._n seem_v chap._n i._o of_o the_o rise_n and_o progress_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n whoever_o will_v take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o rise_v of_o this_o commonwealth_n must_v trace_v it_o up_o as_o high_a as_o the_o first_o commotion_n in_o the_o seventeen_o province_n under_o the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n government_n and_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o that_o more_o avow_a and_o general_a revolt_n in_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n time_n and_o to_o find_v out_o the_o natural_a spring_n of_o those_o revolution_n must_v reflect_v upon_o that_o sort_n of_o government_n under_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o province_n live_v for_o so_o many_o age_n past_a in_o the_o subjection_n of_o their_o several_a duke_n or_o count_n till_o by_o marriage_n succession_n or_o conquest_n they_o come_v to_o be_v unite_v in_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n under_z philip_z surname_v the_o good_a and_o afterward_o in_o that_o of_o austria_n under_z philip_z father_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o last_o in_o the_o person_n of_o that_o great_a emperor_n incorporate_v with_o those_o vast_a dominion_n of_o germany_n and_o spain_n italy_n and_o the_o indies_n nor_o will_v it_o be_v from_o the_o purpose_n upon_o this_o search_n to_o run_v a_o little_a high_o into_o the_o antiquity_n of_o these_o country_n for_o though_o most_o man_n be_v content_v only_o to_o see_v a_o river_n as_o it_o run_v by_o they_o and_o talk_v of_o the_o change_n in_o it_o as_o they_o happen_v when_o it_o be_v trouble_v or_o when_o clear_a when_o it_o drown_v the_o country_n in_o a_o flood_n or_o forsake_v it_o in_o a_o drowth_n yet_o he_o that_o will_v know_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o those_o accident_n so_o as_o to_o guess_v at_o their_o continuance_n or_o return_n must_v find_v out_o its_o source_n and_o observe_v with_o what_o strength_n it_o rise_v what_o length_n it_o run_v and_o how_o many_o small_a stream_n fall_v in_o and_o feed_v it_o to_o such_o
and_o bold_a army_n be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o torrent_n of_o a_o stubborn_a and_o enrage_a people_n which_o ever_o bear_v all_o down_o before_o it_o till_o it_o come_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o different_a channel_n by_o art_n or_o by_o chance_n or_o till_o the_o spring_n which_o be_v the_o humour_n that_o feed_v it_o come_v to_o be_v spend_v or_o dry_v up_o of_o themselves_o the_o foreign_a force_n refuse_v to_o depart_v be_v declare_v rebel_n whereupon_o the_o spanish_a troop_n force_n and_o plunder_v several_a town_n and_o antwerp_n among_o the_o rest_n by_o advantage_n of_o the_o citadel_n with_o equal_a courage_n and_o avarice_n and_o defend_v themselves_o in_o several_a hold_n from_o the_o force_n of_o the_o state_n till_o don_n john_n arrival_n at_o luxenburgh_n the_o only_a town_n of_o the_o province_n where_o he_o think_v himself_o safe_a as_o not_o involve_v in_o the_o defection_n of_o the_o rest_n the_o estate_n refuse_v to_o admit_v he_o without_o his_o accept_n and_o confirm_v the_o pacification_n of_o ghent_n which_o at_o length_n he_o do_v by_o leave_n from_o the_o king_n and_o enter_v upon_o the_o government_n with_o the_o dismission_n of_o all_o foreign_a troop_n which_o return_v into_o italy_n but_o soon_o after_o don_n john_n whether_o out_o of_o indignation_n to_o see_v himself_o but_o a_o precarious_a governor_n without_o force_n or_o dependence_n or_o desire_v new_a occasion_n of_o fame_n by_o a_o war_n or_o instruct_v from_o spain_n upon_o new_a counsel_n he_o take_v the_o occasion_n of_o complement_a queen_n margaret_n upon_o her_o journey_n out_o of_o france_n to_o the_o spa_n and_o on_o a_o sudden_a seize_v upon_o the_o castle_n of_o namur_n whereupon_o the_o province_n for_o the_o three_o time_n throw_v off_o their_o obedience_n call_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n to_o brussels_n where_o he_o be_v make_v protector_n of_o brabant_n by_o the_o state_n of_o that_o province_n and_o preparation_n be_v make_v on_o both_o side_n for_o the_o war_n while_o spain_n be_v busy_a to_o form_v new_a army_n and_o draw_v they_o together_o in_o namur_n and_o luxenburgh_n the_o only_a province_n obedient_a to_o that_o crown_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n agree_v to_o elect_v a_o governor_n of_o their_o own_o and_o send_v to_o mathias_n the_o emperor_n brother_n to_o offer_v he_o the_o charge_n at_o this_o time_n begin_v to_o be_v form_v the_o malecontent-party_n in_o the_o low-countries_n which_o though_o agree_n with_o the_o rest_n in_o their_o hatred_n to_o the_o spaniard_n and_o defence_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o law_n yet_o be_v not_o incline_v to_o shake_v off_o their_o allegiance_n to_o their_o prince_n nor_o change_v their_o old_a and_o establish_a religion_n and_o these_o be_v head_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o areschot_n and_o several_a great_a man_n the_o more_o averse_a from_o a_o general_a defection_n by_o emulation_n or_o envy_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n his_o greatness_n who_o be_v now_o grow_v to_o have_v all_o the_o influence_n and_o credit_n in_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o league_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o this_o party_n after_o don_n john_n sudden_a death_n the_o duke_n of_o parma_n succeed_v he_o gainded_z strength_n and_o reputation_n upon_o his_o come_n to_o the_o government_n and_o a_o entrance_n upon_o that_o great_a scene_n of_o glory_n and_o victory_n which_o make_v both_o his_o person_n so_o renown_v and_o the_o time_n of_o his_o government_n signallize_v by_o so_o many_o sieges_n and_o battle_n and_o the_o reduction_n of_o so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o province_n to_o the_o subjection_n of_o spain_n upon_o the_o growth_n of_o this_o party_n and_o for_o distinction_n from_o they_o who_o pursue_v a_o middle_a and_o dangerous_a council_n be_v at_o length_n to_o become_v a_o accession_n to_o one_o of_o the_o extreme_n the_o seven_o northern_a province_n meet_v by_o their_o deputy_n at_o utrecht_n in_o the_o year_n 1579_o frame_v that_o act_n or_o alliance_n which_o be_v ever_o after_o call_v the_o union_n of_o utrecht_n and_o be_v the_o original_a constitution_n and_o frame_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n which_o have_v since_o be_v so_o well_o know_v in_o the_o world_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n this_o union_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o spaniard_n breach_n of_o the_o pacification_n of_o ghent_n and_o new_a invasion_n of_o some_o town_n in_o gelderland_n and_o be_v not_o pretend_v to_o divide_v these_o province_n from_o the_o generality_n nor_o from_o the_o say_a pacification_n but_o to_o strengthen_v and_o pursue_v the_o end_n of_o it_o by_o more_o vigorous_a and_o unite_a counsel_n and_o arms._n the_o chief_a force_n of_o this_o union_n consist_v in_o these_o point_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o instrument_n itself_o the_o seven_o province_n unite_v themselves_o so_o as_o if_o they_o be_v but_o one_o province_n and_o so_o as_o never_o to_o be_v divide_v by_o testament_n donation_n exchange_n sale_n or_o agreement_n reserve_v to_o each_o particular_a province_n and_o city_n all_o privilege_n right_n custom_n and_o statute_n in_o adjudge_v whereof_o or_o difference_n that_o shall_v arise_v between_o any_o of_o the_o province_n the_o rest_n shall_v not_o intermeddle_v further_o than_o to_o intercede_v towards_o a_o agreement_n they_o bind_v themselves_o to_o assist_v one_o another_o with_o life_n and_o fortune_n against_o all_o force_n and_o assault_v make_v upon_o any_o of_o they_o whether_o upon_o pretence_n of_o royal_a majesty_n of_o restore_a catholic_a religion_n or_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o all_o frontier-town_n belong_v to_o the_o union_n if_o old_a to_o be_v fortify_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o province_n where_o they_o lie_v if_o new_a to_o be_v erect_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o generality_n all_o impost_n and_o custom_n from_o three_o month_n to_o three_o month_n to_o be_v offer_v to_o they_o that_o bid_v most_o and_o with_o the_o income_n of_o the_o royal_a majesty_n to_o be_v employ_v for_o the_o common_a defence_n all_o inhabitant_n to_o be_v list_a and_o train_v within_o a_o month_n from_o 18_o to_o 60_o year_n old_a peace_n and_o war_n not_o to_o be_v make_v without_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o province_n other_o case_n that_o concern_v the_o management_n of_o both_o by_o most_o voice_n difference_n that_o shall_v arise_v upon_o the_o first_o between_o the_o province_n to_o be_v submit_v to_o the_o stadtholder_n neighbouring-prince_n lord_n land_n and_o city_n to_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o union_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o province_n for_o religion_n those_o of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n to_o act_v in_o it_o as_o seem_v good_a unto_o themselves_o the_o other_o province_n may_v regulate_v themselves_o according_a to_o the_o tenor_n establish_v by_o mathias_n or_o else_o as_o they_o shall_v judge_n to_o be_v most_o for_o the_o peace_n and_o welfare_n of_o their_o particular_a province_n provide_v every_o one_o remain_v free_a in_o his_o religion_n and_o no_o man_n be_v examine_v or_o entrap_v for_o that_o cause_n according_a to_o the_o pacification_n of_o ghent_n in_o case_n of_o any_o dissension_n or_o difference_n between_o province_n if_o it_o concern_v one_o in_o particular_a it_o shall_v be_v accommodate_v by_o the_o other_o if_o it_o concern_v all_o in_o general_n by_o the_o stadtholder_n in_o both_o which_o case_n sentence_n to_o be_v pronounce_v within_o a_o month_n and_o without_o appeal_n or_o revision_n the_o state_n to_o be_v hold_v as_o have_v be_v former_o use_v and_o the_o mint_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o the_o province_n interpretation_n of_o these_o article_n to_o remain_v in_o the_o state_n but_o in_o case_n of_o their_o difference_n in_o the_o stadtholder_n they_o bind_v themselves_o to_o fall_v upon_o and_o imprison_v any_o that_o shall_v act_v contrary_a to_o these_o article_n in_o which_o case_n no_o privilege_n nor_o exemption_n to_o be_v valid_a this_o act_n be_v sign_v by_o the_o deputy_n of_o gelderland_n zutphen_n holland_n zealand_n utrecht_n and_o the_o omland_n of_o freeze_v jan._n 23_o 1579_o but_o be_v not_o sign_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n till_o may_n follow_v and_o with_o this_o signification_n judge_v that_o by_o the_o same_o the_o superiority_n and_o authority_n of_o archduke_n mathias_n be_v not_o lessen_v in_o the_o same_o year_n this_o union_n be_v enter_v and_o sign_v by_o the_o city_n of_o ghent_n nimmegue_n arnhem_n leewarden_n with_o some_o particular_a noble_n of_o frizeland_n venlo_n yper_n antwerp_n breda_n and_o bruges_n and_o thus_o these_o province_n become_v a_o commonwealth_n but_o in_o so_o low_a and_o uncertain_a a_o state_n of_o affair_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o various_a motion_n and_o affection_n of_o man_n mind_n the_o different_a end_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o several_a party_n especial_o in_o the_o other_o province_n and_o the_o mighty_a power_n and_o preparation_n of_o
take_v on_o he_o the_o government_n some_o new_a protection_n be_v necessary_a to_o this_o infant-state_n that_o have_v not_o leg_n to_o support_v it_o against_o such_o a_o storm_n as_o be_v threaten_v upon_o the_o return_n of_o the_o spanish_a and_o italian_a force_n to_o make_v the_o body_n of_o a_o formidable_a army_n which_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n be_v frame_v in_o namur_n and_o luxenburgh_n since_o the_o conference_n of_o bayonne_n between_o the_o queen-mother_n of_o france_n and_o her_o daughter_n queen_n of_o spain_n those_o two_o crown_n have_v continue_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o francis_n and_o charles_n to_o assist_v one_o another_o in_o the_o common_a design_n there_o agree_v on_o of_o prosecute_a with_o violence_n those_o they_o call_v the_o heretic_n in_o both_o their_o dominion_n the_o peace_n hold_v constant_a if_o not_o kind_a between_o england_n and_o spain_n so_o as_o king_n philip_n have_v no_o war_n upon_o his_o hand_n in_o christendom_n during_o these_o commotion_n in_o the_o low-countries_n and_o the_o boldness_n of_o the_o confederate_n in_o their_o first_o revolt_n and_o union_n seem_v great_a at_o such_o a_o time_n than_o the_o success_n of_o their_o resistance_n afterward_o when_o so_o many_o occasion_n fall_v in_o to_o weaken_v and_o divert_v the_o force_n of_o the_o spanish_a monarchy_n for_o henry_n the_o three_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n and_o at_o first_o only_o fetter_v and_o control_v by_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o guise_n but_o afterward_o engage_v in_o a_o open_a war_n which_o they_o have_v raise_v against_o he_o upon_o pretext_n of_o preserve_v the_o catholic_a religion_n and_o in_o a_o conjunction_n of_o counsel_n with_o spain_n be_v force_v into_o better_a measure_n with_o the_o hugonot_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o fall_v into_o ill_a intelligence_n with_o philip_n the_o second_o so_o as_o queen_n elizabeth_n have_v decline_v to_o undertake_v open_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o low-country_n province_n 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french_a so_o as_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n be_v not_o long_o after_o assasine_v at_o delft_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n increase_n daily_o in_o reputation_n and_o in_o force_n and_o the_o malcontent_a party_n fall_v back_o apace_o to_o his_o obedience_n a_o end_n be_v presage_v by_o most_o man_n to_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o confederate_n but_o the_o root_n be_v deep_a and_o not_o so_o easy_o shake_v for_o the_o unite_a province_n after_o the_o unhappy_a transaction_n with_o the_o french_a under_o the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n reassume_v their_o union_n in_o 583_o bind_v themselves_o in_o case_n by_o fury_n of_o the_o war_n any_o point_n of_o it_o have_v not_o be_v observe_v to_o endeavour_v from_o that_o time_n to_o see_v it_o effect_v in_o case_n any_o doubt_n have_v happen_v to_o see_v it_o clear_v and_o any_o difficulty_n compose_v and_o in_o regard_n the_o article_n concern_v religion_n have_v be_v so_o frame_v in_o the_o union_n because_o in_o all_o the_o other_o 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time_n from_o england_n for_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o philip_z the_o second_o though_o they_o still_o preserve_v the_o name_n of_o peace_n yet_o have_v wear_v out_o in_o a_o manner_n the_o effect_n as_o well_o as_o the_o disposition_n of_o it_o whilst_o the_o spaniard_n foment_v and_o assist_v the_o insurrection_n of_o the_o irish_a and_o queen_n elizabeth_z the_o new_a commonwealth_n in_o the_o low-countries_n though_o neither_o direct_o yet_o by_o countenance_n money_n voluntary_a troop_n and_o way_n that_o be_v equal_o feel_v on_o both_o side_n and_o equal_o understand_v king_n philip_n have_v late_o increase_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o empire_n by_o the_o inheritance_n or_o invasion_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n upon_o king_n sebastian_n loss_n in_o africa_n but_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o he_o have_v increase_v his_o power_n by_o the_o accession_n of_o a_o kingdom_n with_o dispute_v title_n and_o a_o discontent_a people_n who_o can_v neither_o be_v use_v like_o good_a subject_n and_o govern_v without_o army_n nor_o like_o a_o conquer_a nation_n and_o so_o make_v to_o bear_v the_o charge_n of_o their_o force_a obedience_n but_o this_o addition_n of_o empire_n with_o the_o vast_a treasure_n flow_v every_o year_n out_o of_o the_o indies_n have_v without_o question_n raise_v king_n philip_n ambition_n to_o vast_a design_n which_o make_v he_o embrace_v at_o once_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o league_n in_o france_n against_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o four_o and_o the_o donation_n make_v he_o of_o ireland_n by_o the_o pope_n and_o so_o embark_v himself_o in_o a_o war_n with_o both_o those_o crown_n while_o he_o be_v beard_v with_o the_o open_a arm_n and_o defiance_n of_o his_o own_o subject_n in_o the_o low-countries_n but_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v imagine_v how_o far_o the_o spirit_n of_o one_o great_a man_n go_v in_o the_o fortune_n of_o any_o army_n or_o state_n the_o duke_n of_o parma_n come_v to_o the_o government_n without_o any_o 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and_o suspicion_n soon_o break_v out_o between_o leicester_n and_o the_o state_n partly_o from_o the_o jealousy_n of_o his_o affect_v a_o absolute_a dominion_n and_o arbitrary_a disposal_n of_o all_o office_n but_o chief_o of_o the_o queen_n intention_n to_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o spain_n and_o the_o easy_a loss_n of_o some_o of_o their_o town_n by_o governor_n place_v in_o they_o by_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n increase_v their_o discontent_n notwithstanding_o this_o ill_a intercourse_n the_o queen_n re-assures_a they_o in_o both_o those_o point_n disapprove_v some_o of_o leicester_n proceed_n receive_v franc_fw-la and_o hearty_a assistance_n from_o they_o in_o her_o naval_a preparation_n against_o the_o spaniard_n and_o at_o length_n upon_o the_o disorder_v increase_a between_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o the_o state_n command_v he_o to_o resign_v his_o government_n and_o release_v the_o state_n of_o the_o oath_n they_o have_v take_v to_o obey_v he_o and_o after_o all_o this_o have_v past_a the_o queen_n easy_o sacrifice_v all_o particular_a resentment_n to_o the_o interest_n of_o her_o crown_n continue_v her_o favour_n protection_n and_o assistance_n to_o the_o state_n during_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o her_o reign_n which_o be_v return_v with_o the_o great_a deference_n and_o veneration_n to_o her_o person_n that_o be_v ever_o pay_v by_o they_o to_o any_o foreign_a prince_n and_o continue_v still_o to_o her_o name_n in_o the_o remembrance_n and_o frequent_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n among_o they_o after_o leicester_n departure_n prince_n maurice_n be_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o union_n choose_v their_o governor_n but_o with_o a_o reservation_n to_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o enter_v that_o command_n with_o the_o hope_n which_o he_o make_v good_a in_o the_o execution_n of_o it_o for_o many_o year_n prove_v the_o great_a captain_n of_o his_o age_n famous_a particular_o in_o the_o discipline_n and_o ordnance_n of_o his_o army_n and_o the_o way_n of_o fortification_n by_o he_o first_o invent_v or_o perfect_v and_o since_o his_o time_n imitate_v by_o all_o but_o the_o great_a breath_n that_o be_v give_v the_o state_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o their_o affair_n be_v by_o the_o sharp_a war_n make_v by_o queen_n elizabeth_n upon_o the_o spaniard_n at_o sea_n in_o the_o indies_n and_o the_o expedition_n of_o lisbon_n and_o cadiz_n and_o by_o the_o declining-affair_n of_o the_o league_n in_o france_n for_o who_o support_n philip_n the_o second_o be_v so_o passionate_o engage_v that_o twice_o he_o command_v the_o duke_n of_o parma_n to_o interrupt_v the_o course_n of_o his_o victory_n in_o the_o low-countries_n and_o march_v into_o france_n for_o the_o relief_n of_o rouen_n and_o paris_n which_o much_o augment_v the_o renown_n of_o this_o great_a captain_n but_o as_o much_o impair_v the_o state_n of_o the_o spanish_a affair_n in_o flanders_n for_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n absence_n prince_n maurice_n take_v in_o all_o the_o place_n hold_v by_o the_o spaniard_n on_o other_o side_n the_o rhine_n which_o give_v they_o entrance_n into_o the_o unite_a province_n the_o succession_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n give_v a_o mighty_a blow_n to_o the_o design_n of_o king_n philip_n and_o much_o great_a the_o general_a obedience_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o he_o upon_o his_o change_n of_o religion_n with_o this_o king_n the_o state_n begin_v to_o enter_v a_o confidence_n and_o kindness_n and_o the_o more_o by_o that_o which_o intercede_v between_o he_o and_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n who_o have_v all_o their_o dependence_n during_o her_o life_n but_o after_o her_o death_n king_n henry_n grow_v to_o have_v great_a credit_n than_o ever_o in_o the_o unite_a province_n though_o upon_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o spanish_a power_n under_o the_o ascendent_n of_o this_o king_n the_o state_n fall_v into_o very_o early_a jealousy_n of_o his_o grow_v too_o great_a and_o too_o 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new_a authority_n have_v a_o deep_a root_n and_o design_n than_o at_o first_o appear_v for_o that_o mighty_a king_n philip_z the_o second_o bear_v to_o so_o vast_a possession_n and_o to_o so_o much_o vast_a desire_n after_o a_o long_a dream_n of_o raise_v his_o head_n into_o the_o cloud_n find_v it_o now_o ready_a to_o lie_v down_o in_o the_o dust_n his_o body_n break_v with_o age_n and_o infirmity_n his_o mind_n with_o care_n and_o distemper_a thought_n and_o the_o royal_a servitude_n of_o a_o solicitous_a life_n he_o begin_v to_o see_v in_o the_o glass_n of_o time_n and_o experience_n the_o true_a shape_n of_o all_o human_a greatness_n and_o design_n and_o find_v to_o what_o airy_a figure_n he_o have_v hitherto_o sacrifice_v his_o health_n and_o ease_n and_o the_o good_a of_o his_o life_n he_o now_o turn_v his_o thought_n whole_o to_o rest_n and_o quiet_a which_o he_o have_v never_o yet_o allow_v either_o the_o world_n or_o himself_o his_o design_n upon_o england_n and_o his_o invincible_a armada_n have_v end_v in_o smoke_n those_o upon_o france_n in_o event_n the_o most_o contrary_a to_o what_o he_o have_v propose_v and_o instead_o of_o master_v the_o liberty_n and_o break_v the_o stomach_n of_o his_o low-country_n subject_n he_o have_v lose_v seven_o of_o his_o province_n and_o hold_v the_o rest_n by_o the_o tenure_n of_o a_o war_n that_o cost_v he_o more_o than_o they_o be_v worth_a he_o have_v make_v late_o a_o peace_n with_o england_n and_o desire_v it_o with_o france_n and_o though_o he_o scorn_v it_o with_o his_o revolt_a subject_n in_o his_o own_o name_n yet_o he_o wish_v it_o in_o another_o and_o be_v unwilling_a to_o entail_v a_o quarrel_n upon_o his_o son_n which_o have_v cross_v his_o fortune_n and_o busy_v his_o thought_n all_o the_o course_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o commit_v these_o two_o design_n to_o the_o management_n of_o archduke_n albert_n with_o the_o stile_n of_o governor_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o low-countries_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o he_o can_v reduce_v the_o province_n to_o their_o old_a subjection_n he_o shall_v govern_v they_o as_o spanish_a dominion_n if_o that_o be_v once_o more_o in_o vain_a attempt_v he_o shall_v by_o a_o marriage_n with_o clara_n isabel_n eugenia_n king_n philip_n belove_a daughter_n receive_v those_o province_n as_o a_o dowry_n and_o become_v the_o prince_n of_o they_o with_o a_o condition_n only_o of_o their_o return_v to_o spain_n in_o case_n of_o isabella_n die_v without_o issue_n king_n philip_n believe_v that_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o natural_a prince_n among_o his_o subject_n that_o the_o birth_n and_o custom_n of_o archduke_n albert_n be_v a_o german_a the_o generous_a and_o oblige_a disposition_n of_o isabel_n may_v gain_v further_o upon_o this_o stubborn_a people_n than_o all_o the_o force_n and_o rigour_n of_o his_o former_a counsel_n and_o at_o the_o worst_a that_o they_o may_v make_v a_o peace_n if_o they_o can_v not_o a_o war_n and_o without_o interess_v the_o honour_n and_o greatness_n of_o the_o spanish_a crown_n in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o determination_n like_o a_o wise_a king_n while_o he_o intend_v nothing_o but_o peace_n he_o make_v preparation_n as_o if_o he_o design_v nothing_o but_o war_n know_v that_o his_o own_o desire_n of_o peace_n will_v signify_v nothing_o unless_o he_o can_v force_v his_o enemy_n to_o desire_v it_o too_o he_o therefore_o send_v the_o archduke_n into_o flanders_n at_o the_o head_n of_o such_o a_o army_n that_o believe_v the_o peace_n with_o france_n must_v be_v the_o first_o in_o order_n and_o make_v way_n for_o either_o the_o war_n or_o peace_n afterward_o in_o the_o low-countries_n he_o march_v into_o france_n and_o take_v amiens_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o picardy_n and_o thereby_o give_v such_o a_o alarm_n to_o the_o french_a court_n as_o they_o little_o expect_v and_o have_v never_o receive_v in_o the_o
begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1665_o be_v not_o only_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o relation_n but_o even_o the_o observation_n of_o this_o present_a age_n i_o shall_v either_o leave_v as_o more_o obvious_a and_o less_o necessary_a to_o the_o account_n i_o intend_v of_o the_o civil_a government_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n or_o else_o reserve_v they_o till_o the_o same_o vein_n of_o leisure_n or_o humour_n invite_v i_o to_o continue_v this_o deduction_n to_o the_o present_a time_n the_o affair_n of_o this_o state_n have_v be_v complicate_v with_o all_o the_o variety_n and_o memorable_a revolution_n both_o of_o action_n and_o counsel_n that_o have_v since_o happen_v in_o the_o rest_n of_o christendom_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o will_v close_v this_o relation_n with_o a_o event_n which_o arrive_v soon_o after_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o truce_n and_o have_v like_a to_o have_v break_v it_o within_o the_o very_a year_n if_o not_o prevent_v by_o the_o office_n of_o the_o neighbour_n prince_n but_o more_o by_o a_o change_n of_o humour_n in_o the_o unite_a state_n conspire_v to_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o new-restored_n peace_n in_o these_o part_n of_o the_o world_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n 1609_o die_v the_o duke_n of_o cleves_n and_o juliers_n without_o heir-male_n leave_v those_o dutchy_n to_o the_o pretension_n of_o his_o daughter_n in_o who_o right_a the_o duke_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o nieuburgh_n possess_v themselves_o of_o such_o part_n of_o those_o territory_n as_o they_o first_o can_v invade_v each_o of_o they_o pretend_v right_a to_o the_o whole_a inheritance_n brandenburg_n seek_v protection_n and_o favour_n to_o his_o title_n from_o the_o unite_a province_n nieuburgh_n from_o archduke_n albert_n and_o from_o spain_n the_o archduke_n new_o respire_v from_o so_o long_a a_o war_n have_v no_o desire_n to_o interess_n himself_o in_o this_o quarrel_n further_o than_o the_o care_n that_o the_o dutch_a shall_v not_o take_v advantage_n of_o it_o and_o under_o pretext_n of_o assist_v one_o of_o the_o party_n seize_v upon_o some_o of_o those_o dominion_n lie_v contiguous_a to_o their_o own_o the_o dutch_a be_v not_o so_o equal_a nor_o content_a to_o lose_v so_o fair_a a_o occasion_n and_o surprise_v the_o town_n of_o juliers_n though_o pretend_v only_o to_o keep_v it_o till_o the_o party_n agree_v and_o believe_v that_o spain_n after_o have_v part_v with_o so_o much_o in_o the_o late_a truce_n to_o end_v a_o quarrel_n of_o their_o own_o will_v not_o venture_v the_o breach_n of_o it_o upon_o a_o quarrel_n of_o their_o neighbour_n but_o the_o archduke_n have_v first_o take_v his_o measure_n with_o spain_n and_o foresee_v the_o consequence_n of_o this_o affair_n resolve_v to_o venture_v the_o whole_a state_n of_o flanders_n in_o a_o new_a war_n rather_o than_o suffer_v such_o a_o increase_n of_o power_n and_o dominion_n to_o the_o state_n and_o thereupon_o first_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o nieuburgh_n require_v from_o they_o the_o restitution_n of_o juliers_n and_o upon_o their_o artificious_a and_o dilatory_a answer_n immediate_o draw_v his_o force_n together_o and_o with_o a_o army_n under_o the_o command_n of_o spinola_n march_v towards_o juliers_n which_o the_o state_n be_v in_o no_o care_n of_o as_o well_o provide_v for_o a_o bold_a defence_n but_o make_v a_o sudden_a turn_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o wesel_n with_o such_o a_o terror_n and_o surprise_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o he_o carry_v the_o town_n before_o the_o dutch_a can_v come_v in_o to_o their_o assistance_n wesel_n be_v a_o strong_a town_n upon_o the_o rhine_n which_o the_o duke_n of_o brandenburg_n pretend_v to_o as_o belong_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o cleve_n but_o the_o citizen_n hold_v it_o at_o this_o time_n as_o a_o imperial_a town_n and_o under_o protection_n of_o the_o dutch_a who_o amaze_v at_o this_o sudden_a and_o bold_a attempt_n of_o spinola_n which_o make_v he_o master_n of_o a_o pass_n that_o lie_v fair_a for_o any_o further_a invasion_n upon_o their_o province_n especial_o those_o on_o other_o side_n the_o rhine_n engage_v the_o office_n of_o both_o the_o english_a and_o french_a crown_n to_o mediate_v a_o agreement_n which_o at_o length_n they_o conclude_v so_o as_o neither_o party_n shall_v upon_o any_o pretence_n draw_v their_o force_n into_o any_o part_n of_o these_o dutchy_n thus_o the_o archduke_n have_v by_o the_o fondness_n of_o peace_n new_o make_v a_o truce_n upon_o condition_n impose_v by_o the_o dutch_a now_o by_o the_o resolution_n of_o make_v war_n obtain_v a_o peace_n upon_o the_o very_a term_n propose_v by_o himself_o and_o by_o spain_n a_o event_n of_o great_a instruction_n and_o example_n how_o dangerous_a it_o ever_o prove_v for_o weak_a prince_n to_o call_v in_o great_a to_o their_o aid_n which_o make_v they_o a_o prey_n to_o their_o friend_n instead_o of_o their_o enemy_n how_o the_o only_a time_n of_o make_v a_o advantageous_a peace_n be_v when_o your_o enemy_n desire_v it_o and_o when_o you_o be_v in_o the_o best_a condition_n of_o pursue_v a_o war_n and_o how_o vain_a a_o counsel_n it_o be_v to_o avoid_v a_o war_n by_o yield_v any_o point_n of_o interest_n or_o honour_n which_o do_v but_o invite_v new_a injury_n encourage_v enemy_n and_o dishearten_v friend_n chap._n ii_o of_o their_o government_n it_o be_v evident_a by_o what_o have_v be_v discourse_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n concern_v the_o rise_n of_o this_o state_n which_o be_v to_o be_v date_v from_o the_o union_n of_o utrecht_n that_o it_o can_v proper_o be_v style_v a_o commonwealth_n but_o be_v rather_o a_o confederacy_n of_o seven_o sovereign_a province_n unite_v together_o for_o their_o common_a and_o mutual_a defence_n without_o any_o dependence_n one_o upon_o the_o other_o but_o to_o discover_v the_o nature_n of_o their_o government_n from_o the_o first_o spring_n and_o motion_n it_o must_v be_v take_v yet_o into_o small_a piece_n by_o which_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o each_o of_o these_o province_n be_v likewise_o compose_v of_o many_o little_a state_n or_o city_n which_o have_v several_a mark_n of_o sovereign_a power_n within_o themselves_o and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o their_o province_n not_o be_v conclude_v in_o many_o thing_n by_o the_o majority_n but_o only_o by_o the_o universal_a concurrence_n of_o voice_n in_o the_o provincial-state_n for_o as_o the_o states-general_n can_v make_v war_n or_o peace_n or_o any_o new_a alliance_n or_o levy_n of_o money_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o every_o province_n so_o can_v the_o states-provincial_a conclude_v any_o of_o those_o point_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o each_o of_o the_o city_n that_o by_o their_o constitution_n have_v a_o voice_n in_o that_o assembly_n and_o though_o in_o many_o civil_a cause_n there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n from_o the_o common_a judicature_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o provincial_a court_n of_o justice_n yet_o in_o criminal_n there_o lie_v none_o at_o all_o nor_o can_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o a_o province_n exercise_v any_o judicature_n seize_v upon_o any_o offender_n or_o pardon_v any_o offence_n within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o a_o city_n or_o execute_v any_o common_a resolution_n or_o law_n but_o by_o the_o justice_n and_o officer_n of_o the_o city_n itself_o by_o this_o a_o certain_a sovereignty_n in_o each_o city_n be_v discern_v the_o chief_a mark_n whereof_o be_v the_o power_n of_o exercise_v judicature_n levy_v of_o money_n and_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n for_o the_o other_o of_o coin_v money_n be_v neither_o in_o particular_a city_n or_o province_n but_o in_o the_o generalty_n of_o the_o union_n by_o common_a agreement_n the_o main_a ingredient_n therefore_o into_o the_o composition_n of_o this_o state_n be_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o province_n the_o agreement_n or_o constitution_n of_o the_o union_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n which_o make_v 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ejusque_fw-la immenso_fw-la ore_fw-la eundem_fw-la in_o oceanum_n effunditur_fw-la cum_fw-la interim_n flexu_fw-la autumni_fw-la &_o crebris_fw-la imbribus_fw-la superfusus_fw-la amnis_fw-la palustâ—â—m_fw-la humilâ—mque_fw-la insulam_fw-la in_o faciem_fw-la stagâ—i_fw-la opplevit_fw-la queruntur_fw-la fabii_n valentis_fw-la legiones_fw-la orbari_fw-la se_fw-la fortissimorum_fw-la virorum_fw-la auxilio_fw-la veteres_fw-la illos_fw-la &_o tot_fw-la bellorum_fw-la auctores_fw-la non_fw-la abrumpendos_fw-la ut_fw-la corpori_fw-la validissimos_fw-la artus_fw-la tacit._n tacit._n vbi_fw-la tempestas_fw-la &_o coeli_fw-la mobilis_fw-la humour_n muâ—avere_fw-la vias_fw-la &_o jupiter_n humidus_fw-la austris_fw-la dâ—nsat_fw-la erant_fw-la quae_fw-la rara_fw-la modo_fw-la &_o quae_fw-la densa_fw-la relaxat_fw-la â—â—â—tuntur_fw-la species_n animorum_fw-la &_o pectora_fw-la motus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d alios_fw-la alios_fw-la dum_fw-la nubila_fw-la ventus_fw-la agebat_fw-la â—â—â—cipiunt_fw-la hinc_fw-la ille_fw-la avium_fw-la concentus_fw-la in_o agris_fw-la et_fw-la 〈◊〉_d pecudes_fw-la &_o ovantes_fw-la gutture_v corvi_fw-la virg._n geor._n fiunt_fw-la diversae_fw-la respublicae_fw-la ex_fw-la civium_fw-la moribus_fw-la qui_fw-la quocunque_fw-la fluxerint_fw-la cetera_fw-la secum_fw-la rapiunt_fw-la plat._n de_fw-fr rep._n magister_fw-la artis_fw-la ingeniique_fw-la largitor_fw-la venture_n pers._n crevit_fw-la occulto_fw-la velut_fw-la arbour_n â—aevo_fw-la fama_fw-la marcelli_n
italy_n defend_v by_o marius_n under_o that_o of_o huns_n or_o lombard_n visigoth_n goth_n and_o vandal_n conquer_v the_o whole_a force_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n sack_v rome_n thrice_o in_o a_o small_a compass_n of_o year_n seat_v their_o kingdom_n in_o spain_n and_o africa_n as_o well_o as_o lombardy_n and_o under_o that_o of_o dane_n or_o norman_n possess_v themselves_o of_o england_n a_o great_a part_n of_o france_n and_o even_o of_o naples_n and_o sicily_n how_o i_o say_v these_o nation_n which_o seem_v to_o spawn_n in_o every_o age_n and_o at_o some_o interval_n of_o time_n discharge_v their_o own_o native_a country_n of_o so_o vast_a number_n and_o with_o such_o terror_n to_o the_o world_n shall_v about_o seven_o or_o eight_o hundred_o year_n ago_o leave_v off_o the_o use_n of_o these_o furious_a expedition_n as_o if_o on_o a_o sudden_a they_o shall_v have_v grow_v barren_a or_o tame_v or_o better_o content_v with_o their_o own_o ill_a climate_n but_o i_o suppose_v we_o owe_v 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among_o they_o and_o the_o sum_v only_o dispute_v between_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o state_n to_o establish_v the_o fourteen_o bishop_n he_o have_v agree_v with_o the_o pope_n shall_v be_v add_v to_o the_o three_o that_o be_v ancient_o in_o the_o low-countries_n to_o revive_v the_o edict_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o against_o luther_n publish_v in_o a_o diet_n of_o the_o empire_n about_o the_o year_n 1550_o but_o elude_v in_o the_o low-countries_n even_o in_o that_o emperor_n time_n and_o thereby_o to_o make_v way_n for_o the_o inquisition_n with_o the_o same_o course_n it_o have_v receive_v in_o spain_n of_o which_o the_o lutheran_n here_o and_o the_o moor_n there_o be_v make_v a_o equal_a pretence_n and_o these_o point_n as_o they_o come_v to_o be_v own_v and_o execute_v make_v the_o first_o commotion_n of_o man_n mind_n in_o the_o province_n the_o hatred_n of_o the_o people_n against_o the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o insolence_n of_o those_o troop_n with_o the_o charge_n of_o 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be_v seventeen_o for_o three_o that_o be_v before_o in_o the_o country_n and_o those_o depend_v absolute_o upon_o the_o pope_n or_o the_o king_n and_o all_o man_n declaim_v against_o it_o as_o a_o breach_n of_o the_o king_n oath_n at_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o government_n for_o the_o preserve_v the_o church_n and_o the_o law_n in_o the_o same_o state_n he_o find_v they_o however_o this_o point_n be_v gain_v entire_o by_o the_o governess_n and_o carry_v over_o the_o head_n of_o all_o opposition_n though_o not_o without_o leave_v a_o general_a discontent_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o ill_a humour_n stir_v in_o flanders_n the_o war_n of_o religion_n break_v out_o in_o france_n drive_v great_a number_n of_o calvinist_n into_o all_o those_o part_n of_o the_o low-countries_n that_o confine_v upon_o france_n as_o the_o trouble_n of_o germany_n have_v before_o of_o lutheran_n into_o the_o province_n about_o the_o rind_n and_o the_o persecution_n under_o queen_n mary_n those_o of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n into_o flanders_n and_o brabant_n by_o the_o great_a commerce_n of_o this_o kingdom_n with_o bruges_n and_o antwerp_n these_o accident_n and_o neighbourhood_n fill_v these_o country_n in_o a_o small_a tract_n of_o time_n with_o swarm_n of_o the_o reform_a professor_n and_o the_o admiration_n of_o their_o zeal_n the_o opinion_n of_o their_o doctrine_n and_o piety_n the_o compassion_n of_o their_o suffering_n the_o infusion_n of_o their_o discontent_n or_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o age_n gain_v they_o every_o day_n many_o proselyte_n in_o the_o low-countries_n some_o among_o the_o noble_n many_o among_o the_o village_n but_o most_o among_o the_o city_n who_o trade_n and_o riches_n be_v much_o increase_v by_o these_o new_a inhabitant_n and_o who_o interest_n thereby_o as_o well_o as_o conversation_n draw_v they_o on_o to_o their_o favour_n this_o make_v work_v for_o the_o inquisition_n though_o moderate_o exercise_v by_o the_o prudence_n and_o temper_n of_o the_o governess_n mediate_a between_o the_o rigour_n of_o granvell_n in_o strain_v up_o to_o the_o high_a his_o master_n authority_n and_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o command_n upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o the_o resoluteness_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o province_n to_o temper_v the_o king_n edict_n and_o protect_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n against_o the_o admission_n of_o this_o new_a and_o arbitrary_a judicature_n unknown_a to_o all_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o for_o that_o not_o less_o odious_a to_o the_o people_n than_o for_o the_o cruelty_n of_o their_o execution_n for_o before_o the_o inquisition_n the_o care_n of_o religion_n be_v in_o the_o bishop_n and_o before_o that_o in_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n throughout_o the_o province_n upon_o angry_a debate_n in_o council_n but_o chief_o upon_o the_o universal_a ministry_n of_o granvell_n a_o burgundian_n of_o mean_a birth_n grow_v at_o last_o to_o be_v a_o cardinal_n and_o more_o famous_a for_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o part_n than_o the_o goodness_n of_o his_o life_n the_o chief_a lord_n of_o the_o country_n among_o who_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n count_n egmont_n and_o horn_n the_o marquis_n of_o bergen_n and_o montigny_n be_v most_o considerable_a grow_v to_o so_o violent_a and_o implacable_a a_o hatred_n of_o the_o cardinal_n whether_o from_o passion_n or_o interest_n which_o be_v so_o universal_o spread_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n either_o by_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o or_o the_o example_n that_o the_o lord_n first_o refuse_v their_o attendance_n in_o council_n protest_v not_o to_o endure_v the_o sight_n of_o a_o man_n so_o absolute_a there_o and_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o their_o country_n and_o afterward_o petition_v the_o king_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n for_o his_o removal_n upon_o the_o delay_n whereof_o and_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o inquisition_n the_o people_n appear_v upon_o daily_a occasion_n and_o accident_n heat_v to_o that_o degree_n as_o threaten_v a_o general_a combustion_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n when_o ever_o the_o least_o flame_n shall_v break_v out_o in_o any_o part_n but_o the_o king_n at_o length_n consent_v to_o granvell_n recess_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n as_o well_o as_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o province_n whereupon_o the_o lord_n reassume_v their_o place_n in_o council_n count_n egmont_n be_v send_v into_o spain_n to_o represent_v the_o grievance_n of_o the_o province_n and_o be_v favourable_o dispatch_v by_o the_o king_n especial_o by_o remit_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o edict_n about_o religion_n and_o the_o inquisition_n all_o noise_n of_o discontent_n and_o tumult_n be_v appease_v the_o lord_n be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o the_o governess_n in_o the_o council_n and_o conduct_v of_o affair_n and_o the_o governess_n be_v by_o the_o lord_n both_o obey_v and_o honour_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1565_o there_o be_v a_o conference_n at_o bayonne_n between_o katherine_n queen-mother_n of_o france_n and_o her_o son_n charles_n the_o nine_o though_o very_o young_a with_o his_o sister_n isabel_n queen_n of_o spain_n in_o which_o no_o other_o person_n but_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n intervene_v be_v depute_v thither_o by_o philip_n who_o excuse_v his_o own_o presence_n and_o thereby_o make_v this_o interview_n pass_v for_o a_o effect_n or_o expression_n of_o kindness_n between_o the_o mother_n and_o her_o child_n whether_o great_a resolution_n be_v the_o more_o suspect_v where_o great_a secrecy_n be_v observe_v or_o it_o be_v true_a what_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n affirm_v to_o have_v by_o accident_n discover_v that_o the_o extirpation_n of_o all_o family_n which_o shall_v profess_v the_o new_a religion_n in_o the_o french_a or_o spanish_a dominion_n be_v here_o agree_v on_o with_o mutual_a assistance_n of_o the_o two_o crown_n it_o be_v certain_a and_o be_v own_v
the_o spanish_a monarchy_n to_o oppress_v they_o that_o in_o their_o first_o coin_n they_o cause_v a_o ship_n to_o be_v stamp_v labour_v among_o the_o wave_n without_o sail_n or_o oar_n and_o these_o word_n incertum_fw-la quo_fw-la fata_fw-la ferant_fw-la i_o think_v so_o particular_a a_o deduction_n necessary_a to_o discover_v the_o natural_a cause_n of_o this_o revolution_n in_o the_o low-countries_n which_o have_v since_o have_v so_o great_a a_o part_n for_o near_o a_o hundred_o year_n in_o all_o the_o action_n and_o negotiation_n of_o christendom_n and_o to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a incentives_n of_o that_o obstinate_a love_n for_o their_o liberty_n and_o invincible_a hatred_n for_o the_o spanish_a nation_n and_o government_n which_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n and_o this_o last_o i_o take_v to_o have_v be_v the_o strong_a passion_n and_o of_o the_o great_a effect_n both_o in_o the_o bold_a counsel_n of_o contract_v their_o union_n and_o the_o desperate_a resolution_n of_o defend_v it_o for_o not_o long_o after_o the_o whole_a council_n of_o this_o new_a state_n be_v press_v by_o the_o extremity_n of_o their_o affair_n pass_v by_o the_o form_n of_o government_n in_o the_o way_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n make_v a_o earnest_n and_o solemn_a offer_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o these_o province_n both_o to_o england_n and_o france_n but_o be_v refuse_v by_o both_o crown_n and_o though_o they_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o a_o free_a people_n yet_o they_o soon_o lose_v the_o ease_n of_o the_o liberty_n they_o contend_v for_o by_o the_o absoluteness_n of_o their_o magistrate_n in_o the_o several_a city_n and_o province_n and_o by_o the_o extreme_a pressure_n of_o their_o tax_n which_o so_o long_o a_o war_n with_o so_o mighty_a a_o enemy_n make_v necessary_a for_o the_o support_n of_o their_o state_n but_o the_o hatred_n of_o the_o spanish_a government_n under_o alva_n be_v so_o universal_a that_o it_o make_v the_o revolt_n general_a through_o 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to_o any_o new_a dominion_n rather_o than_o return_v to_o the_o old_a but_o when_o they_o can_v find_v no_o master_n to_o protect_v they_o and_o their_o affair_n grow_v desperate_a they_o be_v once_o certain_o upon_o the_o counsel_n of_o burn_v their_o great_a town_n waste_v and_o drown_v what_o they_o can_v of_o their_o country_n and_o go_v to_o seek_v some_o new_a seat_n in_o the_o indies_n which_o they_o may_v have_v execute_v if_o they_o have_v find_v ship_n enough_o to_o carry_v off_o all_o their_o number_n and_o have_v not_o be_v detain_v by_o the_o compassion_n of_o those_o which_o must_v have_v be_v leave_v behind_o at_o the_o mercy_n of_o a_o incense_a and_o conquer_a master_n the_o spanish_a and_o italian_a writer_n content_v themselves_o to_o attribute_v the_o cause_n of_o these_o revolution_n to_o the_o change_n of_o religion_n to_o the_o native_a stubbornness_n of_o the_o people_n and_o to_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n but_o religion_n without_o 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principle_n of_o life_n and_o so_o regular_a motion_n without_o the_o accident_n of_o so_o great_a a_o governor_n in_o the_o province_n as_o prince_n william_n of_o orange_n a_o man_n of_o equal_a ability_n in_o council_n and_o in_o arm_n cautious_a and_o resolute_a affable_a and_o severe_a supple_a to_o occasion_n and_o yet_o constant_a to_o his_o end_n of_o mighty_a revenue_n and_o dependence_n in_o the_o province_n of_o great_a credit_n and_o alliance_n in_o germany_n esteem_v and_o honour_v abroad_o but_o at_o home_o infinite_o love_v and_o trust_v by_o the_o people_n who_o think_v he_o affectionate_a to_o their_o country_n sincere_a in_o his_o profession_n and_o design_n able_a and_o willing_a to_o defend_v their_o liberty_n and_o unlikely_a to_o invade_v they_o by_o any_o ambition_n of_o his_o own_o yet_o all_o these_o quality_n may_v very_o well_o have_v be_v confine_v to_o the_o duty_n and_o service_n of_o a_o subject_a as_o they_o be_v in_o charles_n the_o five_o time_n without_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n opinion_n of_o his_o ill-will_n to_o their_o nation_n and_o their_o law_n without_o the_o continuance_n of_o foreign_a troop_n after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v the_o erect_n of_o the_o new_a bishop_n see_v and_o introduce_v the_o inquisition_n the_o sole_a ministry_n of_o granvell_n and_o exclusion_n of_o the_o lord_n from_o their_o usual_a part_n in_o counsel_n and_o affair_n the_o government_n of_o a_o man_n so_o hate_v as_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n the_o rigour_n of_o his_o prosecution_n and_o the_o insolence_n of_o his_o statue_n and_o last_o without_o the_o death_n of_o egmont_n and_o the_o imposition_n of_o the_o ten_o and_o twenty_o part_n against_o the_o legal_a form_n of_o government_n in_o a_o country_n where_o a_o long_o derive_v succession_n have_v make_v the_o people_n fond_a and_o tenacious_a of_o their_o ancient_a custom_n and_o law_n these_o be_v the_o seed_n of_o their_o hatred_n to_o spain_n which_o increase_n by_o the_o course_n of_o about_o threescore_o year_n war_n be_v not_o allay_v by_o a_o long_a succeed_a peace_n but_o will_v appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o ingredient_n into_o the_o fall_n as_o it_o be_v into_o the_o rise_n of_o this_o state_n which_o have_v be_v thus_o plant_v come_v to_o be_v conserve_v and_o cultivate_v by_o many_o accident_n and_o influence_n from_o abroad_o but_o those_o have_v have_v no_o part_n in_o the_o constitution_n of_o their_o state_n nor_o the_o frame_n of_o their_o government_n i_o will_v content_v myself_o to_o mention_v only_o the_o chief_a of_o they_o which_o most_o contribute_v to_o preserve_v the_o infancy_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n and_o make_v way_n for_o its_o growth_n the_o cause_n of_o its_o succeed_a greatness_n and_o riches_n be_v not_o to_o be_v seek_v for_o in_o the_o event_n of_o their_o war_n but_o in_o the_o institution_n and_o order_n of_o their_o government_n their_o custom_n and_o trade_n which_o will_v make_v the_o argument_n of_o the_o ensue_a chapter_n when_o don_n john_n throw_v off_o the_o condition_n he_o have_v at_o first_o accept_v of_o the_o pacification_n of_o ghent_n and_o by_o the_o surprise_n of_o namur_n break_v out_o into_o arm_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o province_n offer_v the_o government_n of_o their_o country_n to_o mathias_n brother_n to_o the_o emperor_n as_o a_o temper_n between_o their_o return_n to_o the_o obedience_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o popular_a government_n which_o be_v mould_v in_o the_o northern_a province_n but_o mathias_n arrive_v without_o the_o advice_n or_o support_v of_o the_o emperor_n or_o credit_n in_o the_o province_n and_o have_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n give_v he_o for_o his_o lieutenant-general_n be_v only_o a_o cypher_n and_o his_o government_n a_o piece_n of_o pageantry_n which_o pass_v without_o effect_n and_o be_v soon_o end_v so_o that_o upon_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n
former_a war_n but_o while_o albert_n bend_v the_o whole_a force_n of_o the_o war_n upon_o france_n till_o he_o determine_v it_o in_o a_o peace_n with_o that_o crown_n prince_n maurice_n who_o have_v take_v groningue_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ernest_n now_o master_v linghen_n groll_n and_o other_o place_n in_o overyssel_n thereby_o add_v those_o province_n entire_a to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o union_n and_o at_o albert_n return_n into_o flanders_n entertain_v he_o with_o the_o battle_n of_o newport_n win_v by_o the_o desperate_a courage_n of_o the_o english_a under_o sir_n francis_n vere_n where_o albert_n be_v wound_v and_o very_a near_o be_v take_v after_o this_o loss_n the_o archduke_n be_v yet_o comfort_v and_o relieve_v by_o the_o obsequious_a affection_n and_o obedience_n of_o his_o new_a subject_n so_o far_o as_o to_o resolve_v upon_o the_o siege_n of_o ostend_n which_o have_v some_o time_n continue_v and_o be_v almost_o dishearten_v by_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n and_o invincible_a courage_n of_o the_o defendant_n he_o be_v recruit_v by_o a_o body_n of_o eight_o thousand_o italian_n under_o the_o marquis_n spinola_n to_o who_o the_o prosecution_n of_o this_o siege_n be_v commit_v he_o take_v the_o place_n after_o three_o year_n siege_n not_o by_o any_o want_n of_o man_n or_o provision_n within_o the_o haven_n and_o relief_n by_o sea_n be_v open_a all_o the_o time_n but_o perfect_o for_o want_v of_o ground_n which_o be_v gain_v foot_n by_o foot_n till_o not_o so_o much_o be_v leave_v as_o will_v hold_v man_n to_o defend_v it_o a_o great_a example_n how_o impossible_a it_o be_v to_o defend_v any_o town_n that_o can_v be_v relieve_v by_o a_o army_n strong_a enough_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n prince_n maurice_n though_o he_o can_v not_o save_v ostend_n make_v yet_o amends_o for_o its_o loss_n by_o the_o take_n of_o grave_a and_o sluice_n so_o as_o the_o spaniard_n gain_v little_a but_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o enterprise_n and_o philip_n the_o second_o be_v dead_a about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o archduke_n and_o duchess_n arrival_n in_o flanders_n and_o with_o he_o the_o personal_a resentment_n of_o that_o war_n the_o archduke_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o spanish_a court_n begin_v to_o apply_v his_o thought_n whole_o to_o a_o peace_n which_o another_o circumstance_n have_v make_v more_o necessary_a than_o any_o of_o those_o already_o mention_v as_o the_o dutch_a commonwealth_n be_v bear_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n so_o out_o of_o the_o same_o element_n it_o draw_v its_o first_o strength_n and_o consideration_n as_o well_o as_o afterward_o its_o riches_n and_o greatness_n for_o before_o the_o revolt_n the_o subject_n of_o the_o low-countries_n though_o never_o allow_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o indies_n but_o in_o the_o spanish_a fleet_n and_o under_o spanish_a covert_n yet_o many_o of_o they_o have_v in_o that_o manner_n make_v the_o voyage_n and_o become_v skilful_a pilot_n as_o well_o as_o verse_v in_o the_o way_n and_o sensible_a of_o the_o infinite_a gain_n of_o that_o trade_n and_o after_o the_o union_n a_o great_a confluence_n of_o people_n fall_v down_o into_o the_o unite_a province_n than_o can_v manage_v their_o stock_n or_o find_v employment_n at_o land_n great_a multitude_n turn_v their_o endeavour_n to_o sea_n and_o have_v lose_v the_o trade_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o straits_n fall_v not_o only_o into_o that_o of_o england_n france_n and_o the_o northern_a sea_n but_o venture_v upon_o that_o of_o the_o east-indies_n at_o first_o with_o small_a force_n and_o success_n but_o in_o course_n of_o time_n and_o by_o the_o institution_n of_o a_o east-india_n company_n this_o come_v to_o be_v pursue_v with_o so_o general_a application_n of_o the_o province_n and_o so_o great_a advantage_n that_o they_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o most_o of_o the_o colony_n and_o fort_n plant_v there_o by_o the_o portuguess_n now_o subject_n of_o spain_n the_o dutch_a seaman_n grow_v as_o well_o acquaint_v with_o those_o 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these_o respect_n give_v the_o first_o rise_v to_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n the_o proposal_n whereof_o come_v whole_o from_o the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o very_a mention_n of_o it_o can_v hardly_o at_o first_o be_v fasten_v upon_o the_o state_n nor_o can_v they_o ever_o be_v prevail_v with_o to_o make_v way_n for_o any_o negotiation_n by_o a_o suspension_n of_o arm_n till_o the_o archduke_n have_v declare_v he_o will_v treat_v with_o they_o as_o with_o free_a province_n upon_o who_o neither_o he_o nor_o spain_n have_v any_o pretence_n however_o the_o affair_n be_v pursue_v with_o so_o much_o art_n and_o industry_n on_o the_o archduke_n part_n and_o with_o so_o passionate_a desire_n of_o the_o spanish_a court_n to_o end_v this_o war_n that_o they_o be_v content_a to_o treat_v it_o at_o the_o hague_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o states-general_n and_o for_o the_o great_a honour_n and_o better_a conduct_n of_o the_o whole_a business_n appoint_v the_o four_o chief_a minister_n of_o the_o archduke_n their_o commissioner_n to_o attend_v and_o pursue_v it_o there_o who_o be_v their_o camp-master-general_n spinola_n the_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n and_o the_o two_o secretary_n of_o state_n and_o of_o war_n in_o flanders_n on_o the_o other_o side_n in_o holland_n all_o the_o pace_n towards_o this_o treaty_n be_v make_v with_o great_a coldness_n and_o arrogance_n raise_v punctillious-difficulty_n upon_o every_o word_n of_o the_o archduke_n declaration_n of_o treat_v they_o as_o free_a province_n and_o upon_o spain_n ratification_n of_o that_o form_n and_o force_v they_o to_o send_v express_v into_o spain_n upon_o every_o occasion_n and_o to_o attend_v the_o length_n of_o those_o return_n for_o the_o prosperous_a success_n of_o their_o arm_n at_o land_n in_o the_o course_n of_o above_o thirty_o year_n war_n and_o the_o mighty_a growth_n of_o their_o naval_a power_n and_o under_o that_o protection_n of_o their_o trade_n have_v make_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o their_o 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so_o formidable_a under_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o philip_n the_o second_o begin_v now_o to_o decline_v by_o the_o vast_a design_n and_o unfortunate_a event_n of_o so_o many_o ambitious_a counsel_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o affair_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o of_o france_n be_v now_o at_o the_o great_a height_n and_o felicity_n after_o have_v achieve_v so_o many_o adventure_n with_o incredible_a constancy_n and_o valour_n and_o end_v all_o his_o war_n in_o a_o peace_n with_o spain_n the_o dutch_a imagine_v that_o the_o hot_a spirit_n of_o the_o french_a can_v not_o continue_v long_o without_o some_o exercise_n and_o that_o to_o prevent_v it_o at_o home_n it_o may_v be_v necessary_a for_o that_o king_n to_o give_v it_o they_o abroad_o that_o no_o enterprise_n lay_v so_o convenient_a for_o he_o as_o that_o upon_o flanders_n which_o have_v ancient_o be_v part_n of_o the_o gallic_a nation_n and_o who_o first_o prince_n
in_o the_o service_n and_o worship_n of_o god_n nor_o be_v any_o more_o notice_n take_v or_o more_o censure_n past_a of_o what_o every_o one_o choose_v in_o these_o case_n than_o in_o the_o other_o i_o believe_v the_o force_n of_o commerce_n alliance_n and_o acquaintance_n spread_v so_o far_o as_o they_o do_v in_o small_a circuit_n such_o as_o the_o province_n of_o holland_n may_v contribute_v much_o to_o make_v conversation_n and_o all_o the_o office_n of_o common_a life_n so_o easy_a among_o so_o different_a opinion_n of_o which_o so_o many_o several_a person_n be_v often_o in_o every_o man_n eye_n and_o no_o man_n cheek_n or_o take_v offence_n at_o face_n or_o custom_n or_o ceremony_n he_o see_v every_o day_n as_o at_o those_o he_o hear_v of_o in_o place_n far_o distant_a and_o perhaps_o by_o partial_a relation_n and_o come_v to_o see_v late_o in_o his_o life_n and_o after_o he_o have_v long_o be_v possess_v by_o passion_n or_o prejudice_n against_o they_o however_o it_o be_v religion_n may_v possible_o do_v more_o good_a in_o other_o place_n but_o it_o do_v less_o hurt_n here_o and_o wherever_o the_o invisible_a effect_n of_o it_o be_v the_o great_a and_o most_o advantageous_a i_o be_o sure_a the_o visible_a be_v so_o in_o this_o country_n by_o the_o continual_a and_o undisturbed_a civil_a peace_n of_o their_o government_n for_o so_o long_a a_o course_n of_o year_n and_o by_o so_o mighty_a a_o increase_n of_o their_o people_n wherein_o will_v appear_v to_o consist_v chief_o the_o vast_a growth_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o riches_n and_o consequent_o the_o strength_n and_o greatness_n of_o their_o state_n chap._n vi_o of_o their_o trade_n it_o be_v evident_a to_o those_o who_o have_v read_v the_o most_o and_o travel_v far_a that_o no_o country_n can_v be_v find_v either_o in_o this_o present_a age_n or_o upon_o record_n of_o any_o story_n where_o so_o vast_a a_o trade_n have_v be_v manage_v as_o in_o the_o narrow_a compass_n of_o the_o four_o maritime_a province_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n nay_o it_o be_v general_o esteem_v that_o they_o have_v more_o ship_n belong_v to_o they_o than_o there_o do_v to_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o europe_n yet_o they_o have_v no_o native_a commodity_n towards_o the_o building_n or_o rig_v of_o the_o small_a vessel_n their_o flax_n hemp_n pitch_n wood_n and_o iron_n come_v all_o from_o abroad_o as_o wool_n do_v for_o clothing_n their_o man_n and_o corn_n for_o feed_v they_o nor_o do_v i_o know_v any_o thing_n proper_o of_o their_o own_o growth_n that_o be_v considerable_a either_o for_o their_o own_o necessary_a use_n or_o for_o traffic_n with_o their_o neighbour_n beside_o butter_n cheese_n and_o earthen_a ware_n for_o havens_n they_o have_v not_o any_o good_a upon_o their_o whole_a coast_n the_o best_a be_v helversluys_n which_o have_v no_o trade_n at_o all_o and_o flussingue_n which_o have_v little_a in_o comparison_n of_o other_o town_n in_o holland_n but_o amsterdam_n that_o triumph_v in_o the_o spoil_n of_o lisbon_n and_o antwerp_n which_o before_o engross_v the_o great_a trade_n of_o europe_n and_o the_o indies_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o most_o incommodious_a haven_n they_o have_v be_v seat_v upon_o so_o shallow_a water_n that_o ordinary_a ship_n can_v come_v up_o to_o it_o without_o the_o advantage_n of_o tide_n nor_o great_a one_o without_o unlade_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o tessel_n and_o passage_n over_o the_o zudder-sea_n be_v more_o dangerous_a than_o a_o voyage_n from_o thence_o to_o spain_n lie_v all_o in_o blind_a and_o narrow_a channel_n so_o that_o it_o easy_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o haven_n that_o draw_v trade_n but_o trade_n that_o fill_v a_o haven_n and_o bring_v it_o in_o vogue_n nor_o have_v holland_n grow_v rich_a by_o any_o native_a commodity_n but_o by_o force_n of_o industry_n by_o improvement_n and_o manufacture_n of_o all_o foreign_a growth_n by_o be_v the_o general_a magazine_n of_o europe_n and_o furnish_v all_o part_n with_o whatever_o the_o market_n want_v or_o invite_v and_o by_o their_o seaman_n be_v as_o they_o have_v proper_o be_v call_v the_o common_a carrier_n of_o the_o world_n since_o the_o ground_n of_o trade_n can_v be_v deduce_v from_o havens_n or_o native_a commodity_n as_o may_v well_o be_v conclude_v from_o the_o survey_n of_o holland_n which_o have_v the_o least_o and_o the_o worst_a and_o of_o ireland_n which_o have_v the_o most_o and_o the_o best_a of_o both_o it_o be_v not_o amiss_o to_o consider_v from_o what_o other_o source_n it_o may_v be_v more_o natural_o and_o certain_o derive_v for_o if_o we_o talk_v of_o industry_n we_o be_v still_o as_o much_o to_o seek_v what_o it_o be_v that_o make_v people_n industrious_a in_o one_o country_n and_o idle_a in_o another_o i_o conceive_v the_o true_a original_n and_o ground_n of_o trade_n to_o be_v great_a multitude_n of_o people_n crowd_v into_o small_a compass_n of_o land_n whereby_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o life_n become_v dear_a and_o all_o man_n who_o have_v possession_n be_v induce_v to_o parsimony_n but_o those_o who_o have_v none_o be_v force_v to_o industry_n and_o labour_n or_o else_o to_o want_v body_n that_o be_v vigorous_a fall_v to_o labour_n such_o as_o be_v not_o pers._n supply_v that_o defect_n by_o some_o sort_n of_o invention_n or_o ingenuity_n these_o custom_n arise_v first_o from_o necessity_n but_o increase_v by_o imitation_n and_o grow_v in_o time_n to_o be_v habitual_a in_o a_o country_n and_o wherever_o they_o be_v so_o if_o it_o lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n they_o natural_o break_v out_o into_o trade_n both_o because_o whatever_o they_o want_v of_o their_o own_o that_o be_v necessary_a to_o so_o many_o man_n life_n must_v be_v supply_v from_o abroad_o and_o because_o by_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n and_o smallness_n of_o country_n land_n grow_v so_o dear_a that_o the_o improvement_n of_o money_n that_o way_n be_v inconsiderable_a and_o so_o turn_v to_o sea_n where_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o profit_n make_v amends_o for_o the_o venture_n this_o can_v be_v better_a illustrate_v than_o by_o its_o contrary_n which_o appear_v no_o where_o more_o than_o in_o ireland_n where_o by_o the_o largeness_n and_o plenty_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o scarcity_n of_o people_n all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o life_n be_v so_o cheap_a that_o a_o industrious_a man_n by_o two_o day_n labour_n may_v gain_v enough_o to_o feed_v he_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o week_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o very_a plain_a ground_n of_o the_o laziness_n attribute_v to_o the_o people_n for_o man_n natural_o prefer_v ease_n before_o labour_n and_o will_v not_o take_v pain_n if_o they_o can_v live_v idle_a though_o when_o by_o necessity_n they_o have_v be_v enure_v to_o it_o they_o can_v leave_v it_o be_v grow_v a_o custom_n necessary_a to_o their_o health_n and_o to_o their_o very_a entertainment_n nor_o perhaps_o be_v the_o change_n hard_o from_o constant_a ease_n to_o labour_v than_o from_o constant_a labour_n to_o ease_n this_o account_n of_o the_o original_a of_o trade_n agree_v with_o the_o experience_n of_o all_o age_n and_o with_o the_o constitution_n of_o all_o place_n where_o it_o have_v most_o flourish_v in_o the_o world_n as_o tyre_n carthage_n athens_n syracuse_n agrigentum_n rhodes_n venice_n holland_n and_o will_v be_v so_o obvious_a to_o every_o man_n that_o know_v and_o consider_v the_o situation_n the_o extent_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o those_o country_n that_o it_o will_v need_v no_o enlargement_n upon_o the_o comparison_n by_o these_o example_n which_o be_v all_o of_o commonwealth_n and_o by_o the_o decay_n or_o dissolution_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o six_o first_o when_o they_o come_v to_o be_v conquer_v or_o subject_v to_o arbitrary_a dominion_n it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o there_o be_v something_o in_o that_o form_n of_o government_n proper_a and_o natural_a to_o trade_n in_o a_o more_o peculiar_a manner_n but_o the_o height_n it_o arrive_v to_o at_o bruges_n and_o antwerp_n under_o their_o prince_n for_o four_o or_o five_o descent_n of_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n and_o two_o of_o austria_n show_v it_o may_v thrive_v under_o good_a prince_n and_o legal_a monarchy_n as_o well_o as_o under_o free_a state_n under_o arbitrary_a and_o tyrannical_a power_n it_o must_v of_o necessity_n decay_n and_o dissolve_v because_o this_o empty_v a_o country_n of_o people_n whereas_o the_o other_o fill_v it_o this_o extinguish_v industry_n whilst_o man_n be_v in_o doubt_n of_o enjoy_v themselves_o what_o they_o get_v or_o leave_v it_o to_o their_o child_n the_o other_o encourage_v it_o by_o secure_v man_n of_o both_o one_o fill_v a_o country_n with_o soldier_n and_o the_o other_o with_o merchant_n who_o be_v never_o yet_o know_v to_o live_v well_o together_o because_o they_o can_v trust_v one_o another_o and_o as_o trade_n can_v live_v without_o
town_n and_o nature_n of_o their_o government_n so_o two_o other_o have_v grow_v with_o the_o course_n of_o time_n and_o progress_n of_o their_o riches_n and_o power_n one_o be_v the_o reputation_n of_o their_o government_n arise_v from_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o success_n of_o their_o arm_n the_o prudence_n of_o their_o negotiation_n the_o steddiness_n of_o their_o counsel_n the_o constancy_n of_o their_o peace_n and_o quiet_a at_o home_n and_o the_o consideration_n they_o hereby_o arrive_v at_o among_o the_o prince_n and_o state_n of_o christendom_n from_o all_o these_o man_n grow_v to_o a_o general_a opinion_n of_o the_o wisdom_n and_o conduct_n of_o their_o state_n and_o of_o its_o be_v establish_v upon_o foundation_n that_o can_v not_o be_v shake_v by_o any_o common_a accident_n nor_o consequent_o in_o danger_n of_o any_o great_a or_o sudden_a revolution_n and_o this_o be_v a_o mighty_a inducement_n to_o industrious_a people_n to_o come_v and_o inhabit_v a_o country_n who_o seek_v not_o only_a safety_n under_o law_n from_o injustice_n and_o oppression_n but_o likewise_o under_o the_o strength_n and_o good_a conduct_n of_o a_o state_n from_o the_o violence_n of_o foreign_a invasion_n or_o of_o civil_a commotion_n the_o other_o be_v the_o great_a beauty_n of_o their_o country_n force_v in_o time_n and_o by_o the_o improvement_n of_o industry_n in_o spite_n of_o nature_n which_o draw_v every_o day_n such_o number_n of_o curious_a and_o idle_a person_n to_o see_v their_o province_n though_o not_o to_o inhabit_v they_o and_o indeed_o their_o country_n be_v a_o much_o better_a mistress_n than_o a_o wife_n and_o where_o few_o person_n who_o be_v well_o at_o home_n will_v be_v content_a to_o live_v but_o where_o none_o that_o have_v time_n and_o money_n to_o spare_v will_v not_o for_o once_o be_v willing_a to_o travel_v and_o as_o england_n show_v in_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o country_n what_o nature_n can_v arrive_v at_o so_o do_v holland_n in_o the_o number_n greatness_n and_o beauty_n of_o their_o town_n whatever_o art_n can_v bring_v to_o pass_v but_o these_o and_o many_o other_o matter_n of_o speculation_n among_o they_o fill_v the_o observation_n of_o all_o common_a traveller_n shall_v make_v no_o part_n of_o i_o who_o design_n be_v rather_o to_o discover_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o riches_n than_o to_o relate_v the_o effect_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v note_v hereupon_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o wisdom_n in_o any_o kingdom_n or_o state_n by_o the_o magnificence_n of_o court_n or_o of_o public_a structure_n by_o encourage_v beauty_n in_o private_a building_n and_o the_o adornment_n of_o town_n with_o pleasant_a and_o regular_a plantation_n of_o tree_n by_o the_o celebration_n of_o some_o noble_a festival_n or_o solemnity_n by_o the_o institution_n of_o some_o great_a mart_n or_o fair_n and_o by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o any_o extraordinary_a and_o renown_a spectacle_n to_o invite_v and_o occasion_n as_o much_o and_o as_o often_o as_o can_v be_v the_o concourse_n of_o busy_a or_o idle_a people_n from_o the_o neighbour_a or_o remote_a nation_n who_o very_a passage_n and_o intercourse_n be_v a_o great_a increase_n of_o wealth_n and_o of_o trade_n and_o a_o secret_a incentive_a of_o people_n to_o inhabit_v a_o country_n where_o man_n may_v meet_v with_o equal_a advantage_n and_o more_o entertainment_n of_o life_n than_o in_o other_o place_n such_o be_v the_o olympic_a and_o other_o game_n among_o the_o grecian_n such_o the_o triumph_n trophy_n and_o secular_a play_n of_o old_a rome_n as_o well_o as_o the_o spectacle_n exhibit_v afterward_o by_o the_o emperor_n with_o such_o stupendous_a effect_n of_o art_n and_o expense_n for_o court_v or_o entertertain_v the_o people_n such_o the_o jubilee_n of_o new_a rome_n the_o just_n and_o tournament_n former_o use_v in_o most_o of_o the_o court_n of_o christendom_n the_o festival_n of_o the_o more_o celebrate_a order_n of_o knighthood_n and_o in_o particular_a town_n the_o carnaval_n and_o fair_n the_o kirmesh_n which_o run_v through_o all_o the_o city_n of_o the_o netherlands_o and_o in_o some_o of_o they_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o pageantry_n as_o well_o as_o traffic_n be_v equal_a bait_n of_o pleasure_n and_o of_o gain_n have_v thus_o discover_v what_o have_v lay_v the_o great_a foundation_n of_o their_o trade_n by_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o people_n which_o have_v plant_v and_o habituate_v industry_n among_o they_o and_o by_o that_o all_o sort_n of_o manufacture_n as_o well_o as_o parsimony_n and_o thereby_o general_a wealth_n i_o shall_v enumerate_v very_o brief_o some_o other_o circumstance_n that_o seem_v next_o to_o these_o the_o chief_a advancer_n and_o encourager_n of_o trade_n in_o their_o country_n low_a interest_n and_o deerness_n of_o land_n be_v effect_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n and_o cause_n so_o much_o money_n to_o lie_v ready_a for_o all_o project_n by_o which_o gain_n may_v be_v expect_v as_o the_o cut_n of_o canal_n make_v bridge_n and_o cawsy_n level_a down_n and_o drain_n marsh_n beside_o all_o new_a essay_n at_o foreign_a trade_n which_o be_v propose_v with_o any_o probability_n of_o advantage_n the_o use_n of_o their_o bank_n which_o secure_v money_n and_o make_v all_o payment_n easy_a and_o trade_n quick_a the_o sale_n by_o registry_n which_o be_v introduce_v here_o and_o in_o flanders_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o make_v all_o purchase_n safe_a the_o severity_n of_o justice_n not_o only_o against_o all_o theft_n but_o all_o cheat_n and_o counterfeit_v of_o any_o public_a bill_n which_o be_v capital_a among_o they_o and_o even_o against_o all_o common_a beggar_n who_o be_v dispose_v of_o either_o into_o work-house_n or_o hospital_n as_o they_o be_v able_a or_o unable_a to_o labour_v the_o convoy_n of_o merchant-fleet_n into_o all_o part_n even_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n but_o especial_o into_o the_o straits_n which_o give_v their_o trade_n security_n against_o many_o unexpected_a accident_n and_o their_o nation_n credit_n abroad_o and_o breed_v up_o seaman_n for_o their_o ship_n of_o war._n the_o lowness_n of_o their_o custom_n and_o easiness_n of_o pay_v they_o which_o with_o the_o freedom_n of_o their_o port_n invite_v both_o stranger_n and_o native_n to_o bring_v commodity_n hither_o not_o only_o as_o to_o a_o market_n but_o as_o to_o a_o magazine_n where_o they_o lodge_v till_o they_o be_v invite_v abroad_o to_o other_o and_o better_a market_n order_n and_o exactness_n in_o manage_v their_o trade_n which_o bring_v their_o commodity_n in_o credit_n abroad_o this_o be_v first_o introduce_v by_o severe_a law_n and_o penalty_n but_o be_v since_o grow_v into_o custom_n thus_o there_o have_v be_v above_o thirty_o several_a placart_n about_o the_o manner_n of_o cure_v pickle_a and_o barrel_v herring_n thus_o all_o arm_n make_v at_o utrecht_n be_v forfeit_v if_o sell_v without_o mark_n or_o mark_v without_o trial_n and_o i_o observe_v in_o their_o indian-house_n that_o all_o the_o piece_n of_o scarlet_a which_o be_v send_v in_o great_a quantity_n to_o those_o part_n be_v mark_v with_o the_o english_a arm_n and_o inscription_n in_o english_a by_o which_o they_o maintain_v the_o credit_n gain_v to_o that_o commodity_n by_o our_o former_a trade_n to_o part_n where_o it_o be_v now_o lose_v or_o decay_v the_o government_n manage_v either_o by_o man_n that_o trade_n or_o who_o family_n have_v rise_v by_o it_o or_o who_o have_v themselves_o some_o interest_n go_v in_o other_o man_n traffic_n or_o who_o be_v bear_v and_o breed_v in_o town_n the_o soul_n and_o be_v whereof_o consist_v whole_o in_o trade_n which_o make_v sure_a of_o all_o favour_n that_o from_o time_n to_o time_n grow_v necessary_a and_o can_v be_v give_v it_o by_o the_o government_n the_o custom_n of_o every_o town_n affect_v some_o particular_a commerce_n or_o staple_n value_v itself_o thereupon_o and_o so_o improve_n it_o to_o the_o great_a height_n as_o flussingue_n by_o that_o of_o the_o west-indies_n middleburgh_n of_o french-wine_n terveer_n by_o the_o scotch_a staple_n dort_n by_o the_o english_a staple_n and_o rhenish-wine_n rotterdam_n by_o the_o rnglish_a and_o scotch_a trade_n at_o large_a and_o by_o french-wine_n leyden_n by_o the_o manufacture_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o stuff_n silk_n hair_n gold_n and_o silver_n haerlem_n by_o linen_n mixt-stuffs_a and_o flower_n delf_n by_o beer_n and_o dutch-purcelane_a surdam_n by_o the_o build_v of_o ship_n enchusyen_v and_o mazlandsluys_n by_o herring-fishing_a friezland_n by_o the_o greenland-trade_n and_o amsterdam_n by_o that_o of_o the_o east-indies_n spain_n and_o the_o straits_n the_o great_a application_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n to_o the_o fishing-trade_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n which_o employ_v a_o incredible_a number_n of_o ship_n and_o seaman_n and_o supply_v most_o of_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o europe_n with_o a_o rich_a and_o
of_o native_a and_o warlike_a subject_n which_o they_o can_v draw_v into_o the_o field_n upon_o any_o war_n with_o their_o neighbour_n national_a quarrel_n be_v decide_v by_o national_a army_n not_o by_o stipendiary_a force_n raise_v with_o money_n or_o maintain_v by_o constant_a pay_n in_o the_o several_a kingdom_n and_o principality_n of_o europe_n the_o body_n of_o their_o army_n be_v compose_v as_o they_o be_v still_o in_o poland_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n who_o be_v bind_v to_o attend_v their_o prince_n to_o the_o war_n with_o certain_a number_n of_o arm_a man_n according_a to_o the_o tenure_n and_o extent_n of_o the_o several_a lordship_n and_o land_n they_o hold_v of_o the_o crown_n where_o these_o be_v not_o proportionable_a to_o the_o occasion_n the_o rest_n be_v make_v up_o of_o subject_n draw_v together_o by_o love_n of_o their_o prince_n or_o their_o country_n by_o desire_n of_o conquest_n and_o spoil_n or_o necessity_n of_o defence_n hold_v together_o by_o allegiance_n or_o religion_n and_o spirit_v by_o honour_n revenge_n or_o avarice_n not_o of_o what_o they_o can_v get_v from_o their_o leader_n but_o from_o their_o enemy_n a_o battle_n or_o two_o fair_o fight_v decide_v a_o war_n and_o a_o war_n end_v the_o quarrel_n of_o a_o age_n and_o either_o lose_v or_o gain_v the_o cause_n or_o country_n contend_v for_o till_o the_o change_n of_o time_n and_o accident_n bring_v it_o to_o a_o new_a decision_n till_o the_o virtue_n and_o vice_n of_o prince_n make_v they_o strong_a or_o weak_a either_o in_o the_o love_n and_o obedience_n of_o their_o people_n or_o in_o such_o order_n and_o custom_n as_o render_v their_o subject_n more_o or_o less_o warlike_a or_o esseminate_a standing-force_n or_o guard_n in_o constant_a pay_n be_v no_o where_o use_v by_o lawful_a prince_n in_o their_o native_a or_o hereditary_a country_n but_o only_o by_o conqueror_n in_o subdue_a province_n or_o usurper_n at_o home_n and_o be_v a_o defence_n only_o against_o subject_n not_o against_o enemy_n these_o order_n seem_v first_o to_o have_v be_v change_v in_o europe_n by_o the_o two_o state_n of_o venice_n and_o holland_n both_o of_o they_o small_a in_o territory_n at_o land_n and_o those_o extend_v in_o frontier_n upon_o powerful_a neighbour_n both_o of_o they_o weak_a in_o number_n of_o native_a subject_n and_o those_o less_o warlike_a at_o land_n by_o turn_v so_o much_o to_o traffic_n and_o to_o sea_n but_o both_o of_o they_o mighty_a in_o riches_n and_o trade_n which_o make_v they_o endeavour_v to_o balance_v their_o neighbour_n strength_n in_o native_a subject_n by_o foreign_a stipendiary_a band_n and_o to_o defend_v their_o frontier_n by_o the_o art_n of_o fortification_n and_o strength_n of_o place_n which_o may_v draw_v out_o a_o war_n into_o length_n by_o sieges_n when_o they_o dare_v not_o venture_v it_o upon_o a_o battle_n and_o so_o make_v it_o many_o time_n determine_v by_o force_n of_o money_n rather_o than_o of_o arms._n this_o force_v those_o prince_n who_o frontier_v upon_o these_o state_n to_o the_o same_o provision_n which_o have_v be_v increase_v by_o the_o perpetual_a course_n of_o war_n upon_o the_o continent_n of_o europe_n ever_o since_o the_o rise_n of_o this_o state_n until_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o pirenees_n between_o prince_n border_v one_o upon_o the_o other_o and_o so_o ready_a for_o sudden_a inroad_n or_o invasion_n the_o force_n therefore_o of_o these_o province_n be_v to_o be_v measure_v not_o by_o the_o number_n or_o disposition_n of_o their_o subject_n but_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o standing-troop_n which_o they_o constant_o maintain_v even_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o by_o the_o number_n of_o both_o which_o they_o have_v be_v able_a to_o draw_v into_o the_o field_n and_o to_o sea_n for_o support_v of_o a_o war_n by_o their_o constant_a revenue_n to_o maintain_v the_o first_o and_o by_o the_o temporary_a charge_n they_o have_v be_v able_a to_o furnish_v for_o supply_v of_o the_o other_o i_o will_v not_o enumerate_v their_o frontier-town_n which_o be_v a_o common_a theme_n or_o the_o force_n necessary_a for_o the_o garrison_n of_o they_o nor_o the_o nature_n and_o variety_n of_o their_o tax_n and_o imposition_n though_o i_o have_v a_o exact_a list_n of_o they_o by_o i_o express_v the_o several_a kind_n rate_n and_o proportion_n upon_o every_o province_n and_o town_n but_o this_o will_v swell_v a_o discourse_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o tedious_a matter_n and_o to_o little_a purpose_n i_o shall_v therefore_o be_v content_a only_o to_o observe_v what_o i_o have_v inform_v myself_o of_o their_o force_n and_o revenue_n in_o general_a from_o person_n among_o they_o the_o best_a able_a to_o give_v that_o account_n the_o ordinary_a revenue_n of_o this_o state_n consist_v either_o in_o what_o be_v levy_v in_o the_o conquer_a town_n and_o country_n of_o brabant_n flanders_n or_o the_o rhine_n which_o be_v whole_o administer_v by_o the_o council_n of_o state_n or_o else_o the_o ordinary_a fond_n which_o the_o seven_o province_n provide_v every_o year_n according_a to_o their_o several_a proportion_n upon_o the_o petition_n of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n and_o computation_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o ensue_a year_n give_v in_o by_o they_o to_o the_o states-general_n and_o this_o revenue_n common_o amount_v to_o about_o one_o and_o twenty_o million_o of_o gilder_n a_o year_n every_o million_o make_v about_o ninety_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a intrinsic_a value_n the_o chief_a fond_n out_o of_o which_o this_o rise_v be_v the_o excise_n and_o the_o custom_n the_o first_o be_v great_a and_o so_o general_a that_o i_o have_v hear_v it_o observe_v at_o amsterdam_n that_o when_o in_o a_o tavern_n a_o certain_a dish_n of_o fish_n be_v eat_v with_o the_o usual_a sauce_n above_o thirty_o several_a excise_n be_v pay_v for_o what_o be_v necessary_a to_o that_o small_a service_n the_o last_o be_v low_a and_o apply_v particular_o to_o the_o admiralty_n out_o of_o this_o revenue_n be_v supply_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o whole_a milice_fw-la of_o all_o public_a officer_n of_o the_o state_n and_o ambassador_n or_o minister_n abroad_o and_o the_o interest_n of_o about_o thirteen_o million_o owe_v by_o the_o states-general_n the_o standing-force_n in_o the_o year_n 70_o upon_o so_o general_a a_o peace_n and_o after_o all_o reformation_n be_v twenty_o six_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o man_n in_o ten_o regiment_n of_o horse_n consist_v of_o fifty_o troop_n and_o nineteen_o of_o foot_n consist_v of_o three_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o company_n the_o constant_a charge_n of_o these_o force_n stand_v they_o in_o six_o million_o one_o hundred_o and_o nineteen_o thousand_o gilder_n a_o year_n their_o admiralty_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n maintain_v between_o thirty_o and_o forty_o man_n of_o war_n employ_v in_o the_o several_a convoy_n of_o their_o merchant_n fleet_n in_o a_o squadron_n of_o eight_o or_o ten_o ship_n to_o attend_v the_o algerines_n and_o other_o corsair_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o some_o always_o lie_v ready_a in_o their_o havens_n for_o any_o sudden_a accident_n or_o occasion_n of_o the_o state_n the_o common_a expense_n of_o the_o admiralty_n in_o this_o equipage_n and_o the_o build_v of_o ship_n be_v about_o six_o million_o a_o year_n beside_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o generalty_n the_o province_n of_o holland_n owe_v about_o sixty_o five_o million_o for_o which_o they_o pay_v interest_n at_o four_o in_o the_o hundred_o but_o with_o so_o great_a ease_n and_o exactness_n both_o in_o principal_a and_o interest_n that_o no_o man_n ever_o demand_v it_o twice_o they_o may_v take_v up_o whatever_o money_n they_o desire_v whoever_o be_v admit_v to_o bring_v in_o his_o money_n take_v it_o for_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o favour_n and_o when_o they_o pay_v off_o any_o part_n of_o the_o principal_a those_o it_o belong_v to_o receive_v it_o with_o tear_n not_o know_v how_o to_o dispose_v of_o it_o to_o interest_n with_o such_o safety_n and_o ease_n and_o the_o common_a revenue_n of_o particular_a man_n lie_v much_o in_o the_o cantores_fw-la either_o of_o the_o generalty_n or_o the_o several_a province_n which_o be_v the_o registries_n of_o these_o public_a debt_n of_o the_o several_a impost_n and_o excise_n those_o that_o be_v upon_o certain_a and_o immovable_a possession_n as_o house_n and_o land_n be_v collect_v by_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o several_a place_n and_o by_o they_o pay_v in_o to_o the_o receiver_n because_o both_o the_o number_n and_o value_n of_o they_o be_v constant_a and_o easy_o know_v those_o which_o arise_v out_o of_o uncertain_a consumption_n be_v all_o set_v out_o to_o farm_n and_o to_o he_o that_o bid_v most_o some_o every_o three_o month_n some_o every_o six_o and_o some_o yearly_a the_o collection_n receipt_n and_o distribution_n of_o all_o public_a money_n be_v make_v without_o any_o
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