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robert_n brady_n m._n d._n master_n of_o gonvil_n and_o caius_n coll._n cambridg_n john_n breedon_n esq_n of_o pangbourn_n in_o barksh_n william_n bridgman_n esq_n robert_n briscoe_n citizen_n of_o london_n edward_n browne_n m._n d._n london_n peter_n brown_n of_o langley_n kent_n thomas_n brown_n bookseller_n of_o edinborough_n in_o scotland_n rich._n bulkeley_n esq_n of_o old_a bawne_n in_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n in_o ireland_n john_n bullingham_n of_o ketton_n in_o rutland_n gilb._n burnet_n p._n d._n of_o the_o roll_n in_o london_n william_n burnet_n m._n d._n nath._n burr_n merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n arthur_n bury_n d._n d._n rector_n of_o exeter_n coll._n oxon._n william_n lord_z archbishop_z of_o canterbury_n henry_n earl_n of_o clarendon_n john_n earl_n of_o caithness_z roger_n earl_n of_o castlemain_n robert_z lord_n viscount_n cholmondely_n john_n lord_z bishop_n of_o chester_n george_z lord_z coventry_z charles_n lord_n cornwallis_n sir_n henry_n capell_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n sir_n george_n carteret_n late_a vice-chamberlain_n of_o his_o majesty_n household_n sir_n robert_n clayton_n lord_n
village_n and_o fort_n of_o the_o late_a accession_n in_o pomeren_n and_o the_o empire_n how_o far_o the_o victorious_a arm_n of_o gustavus_n adolphus_n spread_v themselves_o in_o the_o empire_n of_o germany_n pass_v over_o the_o elb_n the_o rhine_n and_o the_o danow_n in_o one_o year_n and_o thereby_o become_v as_o well_o the_o terror_n as_o wonder_v of_o europe_n be_v sufficient_o know_v to_o all_o the_o world_n and_o how_o after_o his_o death_n the_o swedish_n conquest_n in_o those_o part_n begin_v to_o lessen_v and_o several_a place_n of_o importance_n to_o be_v either_o forcible_o regain_v by_o the_o emperor_n or_o by_o the_o succeed_a king_n of_o sweden_n free_o yield_v up_o to_o he_o be_v no_o less_o manifest_a what_o city_n town_n fort_n title_n territory_n etc._n etc._n be_v by_o a_o ratification_n of_o peace_n conclude_v between_o the_o imperial_a minister_n and_o the_o swedish_n agent_n in_o lieu_n of_o those_o many_o and_o large_a dominion_n which_o gustavus_n adolphus_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o give_v up_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o swede_n either_o absolute_o and_o for_o ever_o or_o under_o some_o condition_n to_o be_v by_o the_o swede_n observe_v we_o shall_v in_o this_o place_n only_a mention_n remit_v the_o more_o large_a description_n of_o they_o to_o pomeren_n germany_n etc._n etc._n whereunto_o they_o do_v former_o belong_v and_o where_o a_o account_n of_o they_o may_v be_v expect_v by_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o imperial_a plenipotentiaries_n and_o swedish_n minister_n hold_v at_o osnabrug_n and_o munster_n a._n d._n 1649_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o because_o christina_n queen_n of_o sweden_n have_v require_v of_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o electoral_a prince_n that_o satisfaction_n shall_v be_v make_v she_o for_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o several_a place_n which_o have_v be_v by_o her_o father_n in_o the_o late_a war_n bring_v under_o the_o swedish_n power_n and_o likewise_o upon_o account_n that_o she_o earnest_o desire_v as_o much_o as_o in_o she_o lay_v to_o restore_v and_o promote_v the_o public_a peace_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o the_o emperor_n and_o their_o electoral_a highness_n on_o the_o other_o part_n be_v very_o ready_a by_o all_o mean_n to_o advance_v and_o take_v care_n of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o electoral_a prince_n and_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n shall_v give_v up_o to_o the_o queen_n of_o sweden_n and_o to_o her_o heir_n and_o successor_n these_o follow_a dominion_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o they_o in_o full_a right_n of_o possession_n as_o a_o perpetual_a and_o immediate_a feud_n of_o the_o empire_n viz._n 1._o all_o nether-pomeren_a common_o call_v nor-pomern_a with_o the_o isle_n of_o rugen_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o extent_n as_o the_o late_a duke_n of_o pomeren_n have_v possess_v and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o and_o also_o in_o further-pomeren_a stetin_n gartz_n dam_n golnau_n the_o isle_n wollin_n with_o part_n of_o the_o river_n other_o that_o encompass_v it_o the_o sea_n common_o call_v das_fw-la frische_n haff_n with_o its_o three_o bay_n peine_fw-fr swine_n and_o divenow_n and_o so_o much_o land_n on_o each_o side_n as_o shall_v be_v agree_v on_o by_o the_o commissioner_n to_o be_v appoint_v for_o assign_v the_o just_a limit_n for_o both_o party_n which_o say_v kingdom_n of_o pomeren_n and_o principality_n of_o rugen_n with_o all_o dominion_n belong_v or_o place_n annex_v to_o either_o of_o they_o and_o also_o all_o territory_n prefecture_n city_n fort_n town_n village_n feud_n river_n isle_n etc._n etc._n with_o all_o tribute_n revenue_n title_n dignity_n preeminence_n immunity_n and_o praerogative_n ecclesiastical_a or_o civil_a with_o all_o other_o right_n and_o privilege_n shall_v from_o that_o day_n 27_o of_o july_n a._n 1648_o for_o ever_o belong_v to_o and_o be_v free_o use_v and_o inviolable_o possess_v by_o the_o then_z queen_n of_o sweden_n her_o heir_n and_o successor_n in_o as_o full_a and_o ample_a manner_n as_o the_o former_a duke_n of_o pomeren_n have_v have_v enjoy_v or_o govern_v the_o same_o moreover_o that_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o brandenburg_n shall_v both_o of_o they_o use_v the_o title_n and_o arm_n of_o pomeren_n after_o the_o manner_n that_o the_o former_a duke_n of_o pomeren_n use_v they_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n for_o ever_o and_o the_o duke_n of_o brandenburg_n so_o long_o as_o any_o of_o the_o issue_n male_a of_o that_o family_n remain_v but_o that_o upon_o defect_n of_o the_o masculine_a line_n of_o the_o house_n of_o brandenburg_n none_o shall_v lay_v claim_n to_o those_o title_n and_o arm_n of_o pomeren_n but_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n sole_o to_o retain_v they_o without_o any_o competitor_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o then_o to_o have_v all_o further_a pomeren_n with_o the_o bishopric_n and_o chapter_n of_o camminen_n yield_v up_o to_o they_o and_o their_o successor_n for_o ever_o 2._o that_o the_o emperor_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o elector_n shall_v give_v up_o to_o the_o say_a queen_n and_o her_o successor_n for_o ever_o the_o city_n and_o port_n of_o wismar_n with_o the_o fort_n walfisch_n and_o the_o prefecture_n of_o poel_n the_o town_n sehedorff_n wietendorff_n brandenhusen_n and_o wangern_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o hospital_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n in_o lubeck_n except_v and_o newen_n closter_n with_o all_o right_n and_o privilege_n belong_v to_o they_o in_o as_o full_a and_o ample_a manner_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o meklenburg_n have_v before_o enjoy_v and_o possess_v they_o 3._o that_o the_o emperor_n with_o etc._n etc._n shall_v give_v up_o to_o the_o queen_n of_o sweden_n and_o her_o successor_n for_o ever_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o breme_n and_o the_o bishopric_n of_o verden_n with_o the_o town_n and_o prefecture_n of_o wilshausen_n and_o also_o all_o the_o right_a the_o arch-bishop_n of_o breme_n have_v to_o the_o chapter_n and_o dioece_n of_o hamburg_n provide_v that_o the_o house_n of_o holsatia_n and_o the_o city_n and_o chapter_n of_o hamburg_n retain_v their_o respective_a liberty_n possession_n etc._n etc._n with_o all_o and_o singular_a right_n privilege_n etc._n etc._n ecclesiastical_a or_o civil_a to_o the_o say_a archbishopric_n bishopric_n and_o prefecture_n in_o any-wise_a belong_v yet_o to_o retain_v they_o for_o ever_o as_o a_o immediate_a fee_n of_o the_o empire_n use_v the_o ancient_a arm_n which_o belong_v to_o they_o but_o change_v the_o ecclefiastical_a title_n into_o a_o secular_a one_o viz._n that_o of_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n into_o duke_n of_o breme_n and_o verden_n and_o likewise_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o grant_v to_o have_v privilege_n to_o be_v present_a at_o all_o diet_n of_o the_o empire_n under_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n of_o breme_n verden_n and_o pomeren_n prince_n of_o rugen_n and_o lord_n of_o wismar_n and_o to_o take_v place_n among_o the_o secular_a prince_n on_o the_o five_o seat_n in_o the_o say_a diet_n and_o in_o all_o controversy_n arise_v concern_v these_o territory_n to_o appeal_v to_o some_o of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n be_v court_n of_o judicature_n there_o to_o have_v they_o determine_v 4._o that_o the_o queen_n of_o sweden_n or_o her_o successor_n may_v have_v power_n to_o erect_v a_o university_n where_o they_o think_v most_o convenient_a in_o any_o part_n of_o these_o new_a dominion_n last_o that_o her_o majesty_n of_o sweden_n and_o her_o successor_n shall_v acknowledge_v all_o these_o possession_n as_o feudiatary_a to_o the_o emperor_n and_o receive_v all_o investiture_n from_o and_o as_o their_o predecessor_n and_o other_o vassal_n of_o the_o empire_n former_o use_v to_o do_v to_z take_v a_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n and_o allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o his_o imperial_a successor_n for_o ever_o by_o these_o additional_a dominion_n in_o pomeren_n and_o germany_n which_o at_o present_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n between_o the_o two_o northern_a crown_n be_v very_o much_o disturb_v and_o in_o great_a confusion_n the_o king_n of_o sweden_n have_v as_o be_v say_v several_a new_a title_n confer_v upon_o they_o which_o with_o other_o that_o be_v take_v from_o their_o late_a conquest_n in_o livonia_n carelia_n etc._n etc._n make_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a catalogue_n the_o present_a king_n style_v himself_o thus_o the_o most_o serene_a and_o most_o &c._n &c._n prince_n charles_n xi_o king_n of_o the_o swede_n goth_n and_o vandal_n and_o hereditary_a prince_n great_a prince_n of_o finland_n duke_n of_o schonen_fw-mi esthonia_n livonia_n carelia_n breme_n verde_n stetin_n pomeren_n cassubie_n and_o wenden_n prince_n of_o rugen_n lord_n of_o ingria_n and_o wismar_n count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n juliers_n cleves_n bergen_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o new_a accession_n in_o denmark_n within_o the_o baltic_a sea_n viz._n scania_n hallandia_n
he_o can_v rational_o suppose_v there_o be_v the_o most_o merit_n and_o it_o be_v prudent_o order_v that_o three_o of_o the_o elector_n shall_v be_v churchman_n that_o they_o have_v no_o prospect_n of_o be_v themselves_o elect_v into_o the_o imperial_a throne_n may_v curb_v the_o ambition_n of_o any_o secular_a elector_n who_o without_o desert_n shall_v pretend_v to_o the_o crown_n among_o the_o many_o act_n of_o absolute_a sovereignty_n whereby_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n ii_o disoblige_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o transfer_v the_o electoral_a dignity_n from_o frideric_n v._o count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n to_o maximilian_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n be_v the_o highly_o resent_v and_o at_o the_o westphalian_a treaty_n the_o ambassador_n find_v it_o no_o small_a difficulty_n to_o reconcile_v the_o difference_n which_o hereby_o be_v occasion_v between_o the_o two_o prince_n the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n utter_o refuse_v to_o consent_v to_o the_o peace_n except_o he_o may_v be_v suffer_v quiet_o to_o enjoy_v the_o electorate_v which_o he_o fancy_v his_o desert_n may_v just_o challenge_v and_o the_o emperor_n as_o lawful_o confer_v on_o he_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o prince_n palatine_n as_o obstinate_o demand_v a_o restitution_n of_o the_o dignity_n take_v from_o he_o allege_v the_o just_a title_n his_o ancestor_n always_o have_v to_o this_o honour_n both_o their_o pretension_n be_v think_v plausible_a and_o both_o of_o they_o meet_v with_o resolute_a assertor_n in_o the_o treaty_n at_o last_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n shall_v have_v a_o electorship_n confirm_v to_o he_o and_o his_o posterity_n and_o a_o eight_o shall_v be_v new_o erect_v for_o charles_n ludowic_n prince_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n provide_v that_o if_o the_o wilhelmine_a branch_n happen_v to_o fail_v before_o the_o rodolphine_n the_o prince_n palatine_n shall_v re-enter_v upon_o their_o ancient_n electorate_v and_o the_o title_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n to_o any_o such_o dignity_n be_v whole_o abolish_v the_o right_n of_o elect_v be_v not_o confer_v on_o the_o person_n of_o any_o of_o the_o elector_n but_o annex_v to_o their_o electoral_a principality_n and_o estate_n insomuch_o that_o if_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n can_v make_v out_o his_o title_n to_o that_o kingdom_n the_o prince_n palatine_n to_o the_o palatinate_n the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n to_o his_o dukedom_n and_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n to_o his_o marquisate_n they_o may_v all_o just_o lie_v claim_v to_o the_o title_n and_o dignity_n of_o elector_n so_o that_o as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v any_o male_a issue_n in_o any_o of_o the_o electoral_a family_n the_o power_n of_o give_v a_o voice_n in_o the_o election_n of_o a_o emperor_n can_v be_v take_v away_o from_o that_o house_n the_o electoral_a dignity_n be_v so_o great_a that_o some_o have_v think_v it_o equal_a to_o regal_a authority_n and_o in_o this_o indeed_o the_o elector_n excel_v king_n in_o that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o create_v emperor_n which_o no_o other_o potentate_n in_o christendom_n can_v pretend_v to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n except_o when_o in_o a_o diet_n for_o the_o election_n of_o a_o emperor_n use_v to_o give_v place_n to_o several_a of_o they_o and_o there_o be_v hot_a dispute_n heretofore_o between_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o rodolph_n ii_o king_n of_o hungary_n about_o precedency_n but_o certain_o there_o be_v little_a reason_n that_o any_o elector_n except_v the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n shall_v pretend_v to_o stand_v upon_o equal_a term_n with_o a_o monarch_n the_o last_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o france_n demand_v and_o obtain_v precedence_n of_o all_o the_o elector_n at_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o so_o long_o as_o the_o elector_n of_o bohemia_n be_v only_o a_o duke_n he_o have_v the_o low_a place_n in_o every_o election_n but_o have_v once_o obtain_v the_o title_n of_o king_n he_o take_v place_n of_o all_o his_o colleague_n because_o it_o be_v not_o think_v fit_a that_o a_o royal_a person_n crown_v and_o anoint_v shall_v give_v place_n to_o those_o that_o be_v but_o bare_o elector_n the_o order_n of_o precedency_n which_o the_o electoral_a prince_n observe_v among_o themselves_o be_v as_o follow_v 1._o the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n arch-chancellor_n of_o germany_n take_v place_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o imperial_a throne_n be_v vacant_a it_o be_v his_o office_n to_o warn_v his_o colleague_n to_o repair_v either_o in_o their_o own_o person_n or_o by_o their_o deputy_n within_o three_o month_n after_o the_o date_n of_o his_o letter_n patent_n to_o francfurt_n upon_o the_o mein_fw-ge in_fw-ge order_n to_o the_o election_n of_o a_o new_a emperor_n 2._o the_o archbishop_n of_o trier_n arch-chancellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n and_o arles_n where_o by_o france_n we_o be_v not_o to_o understand_v all_o the_o territory_n subject_a at_o this_o day_n to_o the_o french_a king_n but_o such_o only_a as_o be_v former_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o burgundy_n and_o come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o german_n in_o the_o eleven_o century_n he_o have_v the_o first_o vote_n in_o the_o election_n 3._o the_o archbishop_n of_o colen_n arch-chancellor_n of_o italy_n that_o be_v of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o lombard_n and_o the_o small_a remain_v of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a empire_n he_o have_v the_o second_o vote_n and_o usual_o put_v the_o first_o or_o german_n crown_n upon_o the_o head_n of_o the_o new_a choose_a emperor_n 4._o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n to_o who_o the_o sachsenspiegel_n or_o body_n of_o the_o old_a saxon_a law_n deny_v a_o vote_n in_o any_o election_n though_o the_o aurea_n bulla_n say_v express_o he_o have_v the_o three_o vote_n in_o the_o diet._n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o manner_n of_o election_n be_v alter_v in_o charles_n the_o four_o time_n from_o what_o it_o be_v in_o the_o thirteen_o century_n when_o the_o sachsenspiegel_n be_v first_o publish_v 5._o the_o count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n who_o have_v the_o four_o vote_n at_o election_n it_o be_v his_o peculiar_a prerogative_n to_o sit_v judge_n at_o the_o imperial_a court_n when_o any_o suit_n be_v commence_v against_o the_o emperor_n 6._o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n arch-marshal_n of_o the_o empire_n he_o be_v sword-bearer_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o have_v the_o five_o voice_n at_o a_o election_n 7._o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n lord_n chamberlain_n of_o the_o empire_n who_o in_o any_o solemn_a procession_n bear_v the_o sceptre_n before_o the_o emperor_n and_o have_v the_o six_o vote_n at_o his_o election_n note_v this_o account_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o elector_n before_o the_o quarrel_n between_o the_o prince_n palatine_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n upon_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n suspension_n of_o the_o former_a in_o the_o year_n 1623._o though_o the_o case_n be_v now_o alter_v upon_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n right_o confirm_v to_o he_o by_o the_o westphalian_a treaty_n beforementioned_a yet_o since_o the_o elector_n of_o bavaria_n pretend_v to_o no_o other_o title_n then_o what_o ancient_o belong_v to_o the_o prince_n palatine_n and_o the_o dignity_n may_v possible_o return_v again_o to_o that_o house_n these_o rule_n of_o precedency_n may_v still_o hold_v good_a notwithstanding_o the_o account_n already_o give_v of_o the_o order_n and_o rank_n of_o the_o elector_n the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o prince_n palatine_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v the_o preeminence_n before_o any_o other_o for_o these_o two_o the_o former_a in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n govern_v by_o the_o saxon_a law_n the_o latter_a in_o schwaben_n and_o all_o place_n where_o the_o francic_a law_n be_v observe_v rule_v the_o empire_n in_o time_n of_o a_o interregnum_fw-la many_o late_a writer_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n have_v be_v zealous_a in_o attribute_v this_o prerogative_n to_o the_o pope_n who_o they_o will_v have_v to_o be_v the_o emperor_n vicar_n as_o well_o as_o christ_n but_o this_o assertion_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n and_o we_o can_v hear_v of_o any_o record_n of_o antiquity_n which_o will_v testify_v for_o they_o that_o ever_o any_o such_o power_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o emperor_n the_o say_v elector_n have_v power_n during_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o imperial_a throne_n to_o determine_v all_o manner_n of_o lawsuit_n to_o gather_v the_o revenue_n and_o income_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n to_o tender_a and_o require_v a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n only_o they_o may_v not_o dispose_v of_o the_o land_n of_o any_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n that_o have_v their_o land_n confirm_v to_o
have_v this_o city_n look_v upon_o as_o a_o place_n of_o the_o great_a antiquity_n of_o any_o in_o saxony_n esteem_v it_o the_o same_o with_o ptolomy_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d though_o i_o think_v the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n which_o ptolemy_n assign_v to_o that_o old_a town_n be_v 29_o deg_fw-la of_o long._n and_o 51_o deg_fw-la 20_o min._n of_o lat._n will_v scarce_o come_v near_o this_o city_n this_o large_a and_o ancient_a city_n be_v former_o subject_a to_o earl_n and_o marquis_n of_o its_o own_o and_o thence_o we_o find_v the_o inhabitant_n in_o and_o about_o the_o city_n name_v by_o the_o latin_a historian_n stadenses_n stadingi_n or_o stedingii_n as_o a_o people_n distinct_a of_o themselves_o and_o independent_a upon_o any_o of_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n of_o these_o earl_n and_o marc-grave_n the_o reader_n may_v meet_v with_o a_o catalogue_n in_o crantzius_n or_o angelius_n a_o werdenhagen_n in_o the_o year_n 1234_o the_o stadenses_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o a_o bloody_a and_o terrible_a war_n in_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o bremen_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o very_a infancy_n of_o christianity_n in_o these_o part_n have_v like_a to_o have_v stifle_v religion_n in_o its_o cradle_n this_o bloodshed_n be_v occasion_v by_o a_o revolt_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o stade_n from_o their_o obedience_n to_o the_o see_v of_o bremen_n whereupon_o the_o clergy_n of_o that_o city_n be_v resolve_v to_o keep_v by_o a_o strong_a arm_n what_o their_o enemy_n have_v endeavour_v to_o wrest_v from_o they_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o engage_v several_a of_o their_o neighbour_n in_o the_o broil_n but_o this_o expedient_a do_v not_o meet_v with_o the_o expect_a success_n have_v after_o a_o long_a quarrel_n only_o weaken_a both_o party_n and_o in_o no_o wise_a vindicate_v the_o archbishops_n title_n at_o last_o a_o volley_n of_o curse_n and_o excommunication_n from_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n fright_v the_o citizen_n of_o stade_n into_o submission_n and_o oblige_v they_o to_o yield_v obedience_n as_o former_o to_o the_o archbishops_n of_o bremen_n hereupon_o philip_n duke_n of_o schwaben_n and_o earl_n of_o stade_n annex_v the_o whole_a county_n to_o the_o archbishopric_n reserve_v only_o to_o himself_o the_o city_n with_o its_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n in_o which_o state_n it_o continue_v till_o in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o swede_n and_o be_v confirm_v to_o that_o crown_n as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bremen_n by_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n and_o possible_o we_o may_v have_v some_o reason_n to_o call_v this_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n which_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n as_o duke_n of_o bremen_n since_o the_o city_n of_o bremen_n itself_o be_v exempt_v from_o the_o homage_n payable_a to_o that_o monarch_n from_o the_o archbishopric_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o treaty_n and_o be_v to_o this_o day_n a_o free_a imperial_a city_n immediate_o subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n and_o to_o he_o only_o notwithstanding_o the_o vast_a rampire_n and_o bulwark_n wherewith_o this_o city_n be_v fortify_v and_o the_o natural_a strength_n of_o the_o place_n it_o be_v besiege_v and_o take_v in_o one_o day_n april_v 13_o 1645_o by_o the_o swedish_n general_n count_n coningsmark_n who_o have_v at_o the_o first_o assault_v take_v the_o fortress_n on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o zwinge_fw-mi betwixt_o the_o city_n and_o the_o elb_n press_v forward_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o stade_n and_o force_v his_o way_n into_o the_o city_n whereupon_o the_o burgher_n be_v glad_a to_o surrender_v up_o the_o castle_n and_o other_o strong_a fort_n upon_o any_o condition_n the_o conqueror_n be_v please_v to_o propose_v the_o town_n be_v at_o present_a in_o a_o flourish_a condition_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o wholesome_a air_n and_o a_o pleasant_a rich_a country_n the_o burgher_n who_o have_v the_o character_n of_o the_o most_o civil_a and_o courteous_a people_n in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v common_o orchard_n and_o garden_n of_o pleasure_n without_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n well_o stock_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o fruit_n and_o flower_n their_o haven_n be_v large_a and_o commodious_a and_o ship_n of_o large_a carriage_n and_o burden_n come_v up_o to_o stade_n then_o be_v able_a to_o reach_v hamburg_n the_o marketplace_n rahthauss_n or_o town-hall_n exchange_v and_o several_a of_o their_o church_n be_v building_n worthy_a a_o traveller_n sight_n many_o and_o great_a have_v be_v the_o privilege_n by_o several_a emperor_n grant_v to_o this_o city_n it_o be_v always_o reckon_v a_o sanctuary_n for_o fugitive_n insomuch_o that_o all_o manner_n of_o malefactor_n whether_o germane_a or_o foreigner_n that_o can_v reach_v stade_n before_o vengeance_n overtake_v they_o be_v sure_a to_o find_v shelter_n here_o and_o be_v secure_a from_o the_o hand_n of_o justice_n beside_o the_o privilege_n of_o coin_v money_n authority_n to_o hunt_v in_o the_o neighbour_a forest_n and_o the_o like_a prerogative_n challenge_v by_o all_o imperial_a city_n they_o have_v power_n to_o demand_v a_o certain_a toll_n or_o custom_n of_o every_o merchantman_n that_o pass_v up_o the_o elb_n to_o hamburg_n every_o such_o vessel_n be_v oblige_v to_o strike_v anchor_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o zwinge_fw-mi and_o there_o to_o tarry_v till_o dismiss_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o customhouse_n these_o pretension_n occasion_v not_o many_o year_n ago_o a_o quarrel_n between_o the_o citizen_n of_o stade_n and_o the_o hamburger_n the_o late_a pretend_v that_o it_o be_v a_o infringement_n of_o their_o prerogative_n who_o be_v absolute_a master_n of_o the_o elb_n below_o their_o own_o city_n for_o stade_n to_o lay_v claim_n to_o any_o such_o privilege_n but_o the_o controversy_n soon_o after_o be_v amicable_o compose_v and_o each_o city_n have_v since_o peaceable_o enjoy_v its_o own_o peculiar_a regality_n this_o ancient_a hans-town_n be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o that_o be_v enroll_v into_o that_o noble_a society_n be_v once_o reduce_v to_o a_o mean_a and_o beggarly_a condition_n by_o the_o overgrow_a trade_n and_o riches_n of_o the_o hamburger_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v force_v to_o sell_v almost_o for_o bread_n the_o public_a stock_n not_o amount_v to_o ninety_o pound_n sterling_a a_o year_n to_o these_o upstart_a thrive_a merchant_n its_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o put_v itself_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o bremen_n but_o in_o this_o low_a condition_n it_o do_v not_o long_o continue_v before_o the_o english_a merchant_n upon_o some_o affront_n the_o hamburger_n have_v offer_v they_o remove_v their_o commerce_n to_o stade_n by_o which_o mean_v this_o city_n in_o a_o short_a time_n recover_v its_o former_a grandeur_n and_o grow_v on_o a_o sudden_a rich_a and_o populous_a vi_o bremer-verden_a a_o wall_a town_n bremer-verden_n bremer-verden_n on_o the_o road_n betwixt_o bremen_n and_o stade_n distant_a from_o the_o late_a about_o twelve_o english_a mile_n and_o from_o the_o former_a near_o twenty-eight_a it_o be_v first_o build_v by_o luder_n duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o afterward_o make_v a_o palace_n for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o bremen_n who_o have_v here_o their_o usual_a residence_n in_o the_o castle_n which_o command_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o adjacent_a plain_n the_o swede_n have_v common_o a_o strong_a garrison_n the_o town_n will_v otherwise_o be_v of_o little_a note_n not_o have_v the_o convenience_n of_o any_o trade_n except_o what_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o resort_n of_o passenger_n that_o travel_v this_o way_n to_o bremen_n or_o stade_n the_o dukedom_n of_o lunenburg_n the_o dukedom_n of_o luneburg_n bound_n bound_n or_o lunenburg_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n on_o the_o southeast_n with_o magdeburg_n on_o the_o east_n with_o brandenburg_n on_o the_o north_n with_o lauwenburg_n and_o holstein_n on_o the_o north-west_n with_o bremen_n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o some_o part_n of_o westphalia_n the_o metropolis_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a dukedom_n be_v think_v by_o some_o to_o have_v have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o moon_n lunus_n or_o luna_n worship_v by_o the_o ancient_a idolatrous_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o land_n other_o derive_v the_o word_n from_o the_o name_n of_o the_o river_n elmena_n or_o ilmenow_n on_o which_o the_o city_n of_o luneburg_n be_v seat_v which_o they_o tell_v we_o be_v former_o call_v luno_n from_o isis_n the_o egyptian_a goddess_n who_o come_v into_o germany_n to_o visit_v her_o kinsman_n gambrivius_n who_o be_v in_o those_o day_n lord_n of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n where_o hamburg_n now_o stand_v be_v here_o deify_v and_o worship_v under_o the_o image_n of_o a_o half-moon_n several_a of_o the_o saxon_a chronologer_n report_n that_o this_o idol_n be_v first_o bring_v hither_o by_o
his_o brother_n christian_n elect_v bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o minden_n this_o brave_a prince_n govern_v the_o dukedom_n in_o great_a peace_n and_o prosperity_n two_o and_o twenty_o year_n and_o enlarge_v it_o with_o the_o principality_n of_o grubenhagen_n after_o his_o decease_n in_o the_o year_n 1633_o the_o dukedom_n of_o luneburg_n fall_v to_o his_o brother_n augustus_n elect_a bishop_n of_o ratzeburg_n upon_o which_o incomparable_a prince_n of_o who_o the_o reader_n may_v expect_v a_o large_a account_n in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n descend_v not_o long_o after_o by_o the_o death_n of_o frideric_n vlric_n the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n whereupon_o the_o dukedom_n of_o luneburg_n be_v give_v to_o duke_n george_n lieutenant_n general_n of_o all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o low_a saxony_n in_o the_o year_n 1636._o he_o leave_v four_o son_n whereof_o the_o elder_a christian_n ludowic_n for_o some_o year_n govern_v the_o luneburger_n pay_v each_o of_o his_o young_a brethren_n a_o annual_a stipend_n of_o 12000_o ric-dollar_n upon_o his_o death_n the_o second_o brother_n george_n william_n succeed_v in_o the_o government_n and_o keep_v as_o he_o do_v to_o this_o day_n his_o residence_n in_o his_o brother_n palace_n at_o zell_n by_o the_o treaty_n of_o hildesheim_n the_o dukedom_n of_o calenberg_n and_o grubenhage_n be_v assign_v over_o to_o the_o three_o brother_n john_n frideric_n who_o keep_v his_o residence_n at_o hannover_n in_o much_o great_a state_n than_o his_o brother_n at_o zell_n these_o and_o all_o other_o territory_n subject_a to_o the_o late_a duke_n of_o hannover_n be_v now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o young_a brother_n ernest_n augustus_n who_o by_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n be_v make_v bishop_n of_o osnabrug_n and_o be_v now_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n john_n frideric_n this_o last_o year_n 1680_o duke_n of_o hannover_n he_o marry_v the_o lady_n sophia_n young_a sister_n to_o our_o prince_n rupert_n of_o who_o this_o character_n be_v usual_o give_v that_o she_o be_v the_o most_o accomplish_a princess_n in_o europe_n by_o who_o he_o have_v three_o son_n and_o a_o daughter_n chief_a city_n and_o other_o place_n of_o great_a note_n in_o this_o dukedom_n be_v first_o luneburg_n luneburg_n luneburg_n we_o have_v already_o give_v the_o reader_n a_o account_n of_o the_o most_o probable_a opinion_n about_o the_o original_n of_o the_o name_n of_o this_o city_n and_o but_o little_o more_o can_v be_v sai_fw-fr concern_v its_o first_o founder_n and_o those_o that_o fortify_v it_o the_o story_n of_o julius_n cesar_n lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o a_o city_n in_o this_o place_n be_v at_o best_o incredible_a and_o groundless_a there_o be_v hardly_o a_o ancient_a city_n in_o europe_n which_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o some_o venerable_a piece_n or_o other_o of_o julius_n architecture_n which_o though_o ordinary_o admire_v by_o the_o vulgar_a yet_o be_v contemn_v and_o laugh_v at_o by_o man_n of_o sense_n and_o know_v antiquary_n the_o best_a testimony_n of_o its_o age_n i_o can_v meet_v with_o be_v dithmarus_fw-la mersburgensis_n mention_v luinberg_n by_o the_o name_n of_o civitas_n in_o speak_v of_o a_o earthquake_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o emperor_n henry_n ii_o but_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o observe_v how_o the_o historian_n of_o those_o time_n be_v wont_a to_o compliment_v any_o mean_a village_n with_o the_o title_n of_o civitas_n yet_o lambertus_n schafnaburgensis_n a_o author_n of_o almost_o as_o great_a antiquity_n as_o the_o former_a in_o his_o account_n of_o the_o transaction_n of_o the_o year_n 1073._o give_v this_o character_n of_o luneburg_n that_o it_o be_v then_o oppidum_n maximum_fw-la ottonis_fw-la ducis_fw-la saxoniae_fw-la situm_fw-la in_o confinio_fw-la saxonum_n &_o luticiorum_n at_o present_v the_o town_n contain_v about_o two_o english_a mile_n in_o circumference_n be_v not_o build_v in_o exact_a square_n but_o rather_o a_o oblong_a figure_n the_o street_n be_v broad_a and_o most_o of_o the_o house_n tolerable_o well_o build_v over_o against_o the_o town-hall_n which_o be_v a_o neat_a and_o compact_a piece_n of_o building_n stand_v the_o duke_n palace_n where_o the_o duke_n of_o zell_n and_o his_o family_n be_v lodge_v when_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o reside_v at_o luneburg_n the_o chief_a trade_n of_o the_o town_n be_v in_o salt_n which_o the_o citizen_n make_v in_o great_a abundance_n out_o of_o certain_a pit_n of_o salt_n water_n which_o spring_n within_o the_o wall_n their_o salt-house_n be_v fence_v round_o and_o continual_o guard_v as_o be_v the_o main_a support_n of_o the_o city_n these_o bring_v in_o the_o duke_n a_o considerable_a yearly_a revenue_n and_o beside_o provision_n be_v hereby_o make_v for_o a_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a labour_a man_n who_o may_v otherwise_o starve_v for_o want_v of_o employment_n ii_o bardewic_n bardewic_n bardewick_n at_o this_o day_n a_o village_n within_o a_o mile_n of_o luneburg_n but_o ancient_o a_o strong_a and_o populous_a city_n some_o author_n fancy_n it_o to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o city_n in_o saxony_n and_o so_o questionless_a it_o be_v if_o it_o be_v true_a as_o they_o pretend_v to_o be_v able_a to_o demonstrate_v that_o it_o be_v build_v 990_o year_n before_o christ_n over_o the_o door_n of_o the_o cathedral_n which_o be_v now_o the_o only_a church_n leave_v of_o nine_o be_v write_v in_o a_o old_a gothic_a character_n these_o hobble_a verse_n abram_n dum_fw-la natus_fw-la mox_fw-la treveris_fw-la incipit_fw-la ortus_fw-la hinc_fw-la annis_fw-la barduic_fw-la mille_fw-la sex_n x_o quoque_fw-la quinque_fw-la post_fw-la barduic_fw-la roma_fw-la duo_fw-la c_o cum_fw-la quinque_fw-la triginta_fw-la m_o c_o post_n nat_n junctis_fw-la octaginta_fw-la novemque_fw-la dum_fw-la brunsvicensis_fw-la henricus_fw-la leo_fw-la dictus_fw-la simonis_n in_fw-la festo_fw-la barduic_fw-la subvertit_fw-la ab_fw-la alto_fw-mi meibomius_n a_o learned_a antiquary_n who_o we_o have_v already_o have_v occasion_n often_o to_o mention_v have_v take_v great_a pain_n to_o pick_v up_o out_o of_o these_o rithm_n and_o all_o other_o monument_n of_o note_n about_o this_o town_n a_o large_a account_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o place_n the_o name_n he_o imagine_v contrary_a to_o the_o humour_n of_o some_o other_o historian_n who_o speak_v of_o bardo_n a_o knight_n errant_a of_o old_a and_o founder_n of_o bardewic_n derive_v from_o the_o bardi_n a_o northern_a people_n who_o wander_v a_o great_a many_o year_n up_o and_o down_o saxony_n and_o the_o neighbour_a country_n at_o last_o fix_v themselves_o in_o this_o place_n whether_o these_o bardi_n may_v not_o have_v be_v a_o tribe_n of_o such_o poet_n as_o mr._n cambden_n and_o some_o other_o of_o our_o antiquary_n say_v give_v name_n to_o bardsey_n one_o of_o our_o british_a island_n i_o shall_v leave_v to_o the_o reader_n be_v judgement_n since_o every_o historian_n that_o mention_n the_o bard_n will_v tell_v we_o that_o they_o be_v the_o genealogist_n among_o the_o gaul_n a_o undoubted_a branch_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o britain_n the_o verse_n beforementioned_a will_v inform_v we_o that_o this_o great_a city_n be_v destroy_v by_o duke_n henry_n surname_v the_o lion_n on_o st._n simon_n and_o jude_n day_n in_o the_o year_n 1189._o since_o that_o time_n it_o have_v never_o be_v able_a to_o recover_v its_o glory_n and_o be_v now_o remarkable_a for_o nothing_o but_o a_o college_n of_o eight_o residentiary_n canon_n and_o some_o few_o vicar_n iii_o ultzen_n a_o neat_a uniform_a little_a town_n vltren_n vltren_n about_o the_o middle_a way_n betwixt_o lunenburg_n and_o zell_n it_o be_v ancient_o call_v lawenwald_n i._n e._n lion-forest_n as_o appear_v from_o several_a of_o its_o old_a record_n and_o a_o inscription_n to_o this_o day_n legible_a on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o town-hall_n and_o from_o this_o its_o old_a name_n the_o arm_n or_o rebus_fw-la rather_o of_o the_o town_n be_v still_o a_o lion_n passant_a azure_a in_o a_o field_n verd_fw-mi betwixt_o three_o tree_n of_o the_o second_o the_o modern_a name_n vltzen_n it_o have_v from_o the_o neighbour_a monastery_n of_o oldenstadt_a which_o as_o be_v evident_a from_o several_a ancient_a write_n bear_v date_n a._n d._n 1255_o and_o 1338_o be_v former_o call_v old-vlssen_a on_o the_o twenty_o of_o september_n in_o the_o year_n 1646_o this_o city_n be_v miserable_o destroy_v by_o a_o fire_n which_o in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n burn_v down_o the_o fair_a and_o rich_a part_n of_o it_o this_o blow_n it_o have_v hardly_o yet_o so_o well_o recover_v as_o to_o be_v entire_o rebuilt_a but_o however_o the_o most_o considerable_a street_n and_o place_n of_o consequence_n be_v very_o much_o advance_v by_o it_o and_o the_o new_a building_n be_v everywhere_o more_o regular_a and_o splendid_a than_o the_o former_a the_o citizen_n have_v a_o tradition_n among_o they_o that_o the_o first_o english_a saxon_n
pomeren_n with_o which_o dukedom_n after_o the_o failure_n of_o that_o line_n it_o shall_v have_v be_v annex_v to_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n but_o as_o have_v be_v before_o note_v in_o consideration_n of_o the_o signal_n favour_v the_o king_n of_o sweden_n have_v do_v the_o protestant_a party_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n the_o prince_n concern_v in_o the_o westphalian_a treaty_n think_v fit_a to_o annex_v the_o low_a pomeren_n to_o the_o dominion_n of_o that_o king_n and_o as_o a_o part_n of_o this_o dukedom_n the_o isle_n of_o rugen_n be_v throw_v into_o the_o bargain_n afterward_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n frideric_n iii_o begin_v to_o revive_v some_o ancient_a pretension_n of_o some_o of_o his_o ancestor_n to_o the_o principality_n of_o rugen_n but_o the_o ensue_a war_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n of_o which_o we_o have_v give_v the_o reader_n some_o account_n in_o the_o description_n of_o denmark_n put_v a_o end_n as_o it_o be_v think_v to_o these_o pretension_n for_o the_o say_v frideric_n in_o the_o treaty_n of_o roschild_n make_v between_o the_o two_o northern_a crown_n in_o the_o year_n 1658_o disclaim_v all_o right_a and_o title_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o rugen_n however_o notwithstanding_o the_o promise_n and_o protestation_n make_v in_o that_o treaty_n the_o present_a king_n of_o denmark_n show_v that_o contract_v make_v between_o great_a prince_n and_o commonwealth_n be_v no_o long_o obligatory_a than_o consistent_a with_o the_o intrigue_n of_o state_n for_o hear_v that_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n have_v besiege_v stetin_n and_o that_o count_n koningsmarck_n the_o valiant_a swedish_n governor_n of_o rugen_n have_v thereupon_o draw_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o force_n into_o pomeren_n leave_v the_o island_n of_o rugen_n to_o be_v defend_v by_o a_o small_a company_n of_o about_o fifty_o horse_n he_o immediate_o ship_v six_o thousand_o soldier_n intend_v with_o they_o to_o surprise_v the_o desert_a island_n and_o regain_v it_o into_o his_o own_o possession_n but_o the_o weather_n not_o favour_v this_o design_n the_o danish_a force_n be_v keep_v off_o at_o sea_n by_o contrary_a wind_n till_o that_o small_a garrison_n which_o keep_v the_o isle_n be_v alarm_v and_o have_v time_n to_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o general_n who_o nevertheless_o can_v not_o arrive_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n before_o the_o enemy_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o jasmund_n however_o after_o one_o brisk_a engagement_n with_o the_o count_n be_v leave_v wing_n the_o dane_n be_v force_v to_o fly_v in_o great_a disorder_n leave_v six_o hundred_o of_o their_o companion_n dead_a in_o the_o field_n and_o two_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o more_o take_v prisoner_n the_o rest_n retreat_v confuse_v into_o wittow_n where_o they_o be_v beset_v with_o the_o swede_n who_o slay_v take_v prisoner_n and_o plunder_v as_o many_o of_o they_o as_o they_o please_v in_o this_o victory_n the_o swede_n be_v say_v to_o have_v take_v from_o the_o dane_n beside_o a_o incredible_a number_n of_o prisoner_n six_o and_o twenty_o standard_n sixteen_o field-piece_n five_o mortar-piece_n and_o thirty_o thousand_o rixdollar_n in_o money_n yet_o this_o unhappy_a overthrow_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o discourage_v the_o brave_a king_n christian_n from_o a_o second_o adventure_n and_o the_o draw_v back_o his_o arm_n after_o this_o defeat_n seem_v only_o intend_v to_o fetch_v the_o great_a blow_n for_o have_v double_v his_o force_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v 1678_o he_o fall_v upon_o the_o rugian_o with_o that_o irresistible_a strength_n and_o courage_n which_o oblige_v they_o to_o resign_v up_o the_o whole_a island_n upon_o his_o own_o term_n and_o it_o may_v to_o this_o day_n have_v be_v at_o his_o devotion_n have_v not_o the_o french_a king_n strike_v in_o as_o mediator_n betwixt_o the_o northern_a crown_n in_o the_o alte_fw-la treaty_n sign_v by_o the_o danish_a and_o swedish_n minister_n at_o lunden_n in_o schonen_fw-mi sept._n 26._o a._n d._n 1679_o by_o the_o seven_o article_n of_o which_o treaty_n it_o be_v agree_v because_o lewis_n the_o great_a be_v please_v to_o have_v it_o so_o that_o rugen_n shall_v be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o swede_n on_o or_o before_o the_o six_o of_o december_n follow_v according_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n be_v now_o repossess_v of_o that_o island_n and_o have_v send_v in_o new_a garrison_n to_o fortify_v and_o defend_v it_o against_o all_o future_a assault_n of_o its_o formidable_a neighbour_n the_o dane_n and_o brandenburger_n the_o only_a town_n of_o note_n in_o the_o whole_a isle_n of_o rugen_n be_v bergen_n to_n to_n situate_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o island_n it_o have_v the_o name_n of_o a_o city_n give_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1190_o but_o so_o little_o deserve_v that_o title_n that_o it_o have_v not_o the_o advantage_n of_o be_v fortify_v or_o wall_v round_o all_o the_o account_n which_o modern_a traveller_n give_v of_o it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o village_n consist_v of_o about_o four_o hundred_o house_n stralsund_v indeed_o seem_v the_o metropolis_n of_o rugen_n and_o as_o it_o be_v former_o may_v still_o be_v so_o account_v if_o we_o consider_v the_o many_o and_o great_a privilege_n which_o the_o burgher_n of_o that_o city_n still_o pretend_v to_o in_o that_o island_n for_o 1._o the_o high_a court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o stralsund_n determine_v all_o cause_n and_o contest_v arise_v in_o any_o of_o the_o port-town_n in_o rugen_n and_o therefore_o because_o the_o stralsunder_n will_v not_o assign_v over_o this_o jurisdiction_n to_o any_o delegate_n reside_v in_o the_o island_n the_o rugian_o be_v oblige_v upon_o debate_n of_o all_o such_o quarrel_n to_o repair_v to_o stralsund_v for_o judgement_n 2._o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o citizen_n of_o stralsund_n no_o definitive_a sentence_n can_v be_v give_v nor_o no_o court_n of_o equity_n or_o judicature_n whatever_o erect_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o isle_n 3._o the_o rugian_o may_v not_o without_o leave_n first_o obtain_v from_o the_o common_a council_n of_o stralsund_n export_v any_o manner_n of_o grain_n or_o other_o commodity_n or_o brew_v beer_n for_o sale_n in_o short_a this_o city_n be_v the_o key_n of_o the_o island_n and_o the_o only_a fortress_n upon_o which_o depend_v its_o security_n or_o ruin_n so_o that_o have_v rugen_n be_v keep_v by_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o stralsund_v by_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n according_a to_o the_o right_n of_o conquest_n in_o the_o late_a war_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o those_o new_a accession_n will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n have_v occasion_v quarrel_n and_o animosity_n between_o the_o two_o prince_n the_o elector_n will_v questionless_a have_v be_v loath_a to_o have_v disclaim_v all_o right_a and_o title_n to_o the_o privilege_n which_o the_o city_n of_o stralsund_n now_o challenge_v in_o rugen_n and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n his_o majesty_n of_o denmark_n will_v in_o all_o probability_n have_v be_v as_o unwilling_a to_o have_v suffer_v any_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o lord_n it_o in_o his_o dominion_n it_o be_v almost_o necessary_a consider_v the_o present_a state_n of_o stralsund_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o rugen_n that_o both_o these_o place_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o master_n though_o not_o impossible_a to_o make_v the_o island_n at_o least_o independent_a upon_o if_o not_o a_o terror_n to_o that_o city_n for_o since_o all_o the_o merchant_n ship_n which_o come_v from_o the_o danish_a sund_n to_o the_o city_n of_o stralsund_n be_v oblige_v to_o sail_v round_o the_o isle_n of_o rugen_n it_o will_v not_o possible_o be_v so_o expensive_a as_o profitable_a to_o build_v three_o or_o four_o good_a port-town_n in_o wittow_n jasmumd_v and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o thereby_o not_o only_o command_v all_o ship_n that_o sail_v this_o road_n but_o also_o divert_v the_o grand_a current_n of_o trade_n from_o stralsund_n to_o rugen_n the_o storehouse_n of_o that_o city_n but_o as_o long_o as_o the_o city_n of_o stralsund_n want_v provision_n for_o its_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o rugen_n vent_n for_o its_o great_a abundance_n of_o corn_n and_o other_o commodity_n there_o seem_v to_o be_v such_o a_o mutual_a dependence_n between_o the_o two_o place_n that_o to_o subject_v they_o to_o different_a master_n manifest_o threaten_v the_o destruction_n of_o their_o common_a interest_n though_o never_o poor_a island_n have_v be_v more_o miserable_o mangle_a and_o afflict_v with_o war_n witness_n the_o civil_a war_n in_o germany_n and_o the_o late_a northern_a broil_n nobility_n nobility_n in_o both_o which_o rugen_n be_v several_a time_n take_v and_o retake_v yet_o you_o shall_v meet_v with_o a_o great_a many_o noble_a family_n that_o pretend_v to_o derive_v their_o pedigree_n from_o the_o true_a ancient_a rugii_fw-la
death_n elect_v emperor_n whereupon_o he_o confer_v the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n upon_o his_o brother_n 17._o sigismond_n king_n of_o hungary_n and_o bohemia_n who_o succeed_v his_o brother_n in_o the_o empire_n sell_v the_o marquisate_n to_o jodocus_n duke_n of_o moravia_n but_o afterward_o have_v redeem_v it_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o william_n marquis_n of_o misnia_n to_o who_o jodicus_n have_v mortgage_v it_o confer_v it_o upon_o frideric_n burggraf_n of_o noremberg_n at_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n in_o the_o year_n 1417._o from_o which_o time_n we_o may_v begin_v to_o reckon_v up_o the_o three_o and_o last_o catalogue_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n as_o follow_v 1._o frideric_n burggraf_n of_o noremberg_n be_v in_o consideration_n of_o his_o good_a service_n do_v against_o the_o rebel_n in_o hungary_n and_o bohemia_n create_v as_o before_o say_v marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n pay_v only_o for_o his_o investiture_n 400000_o crown_n his_o son_n 2._o frideric_n ii_o succeed_v his_o father_n surname_v for_o his_o peevish_a and_o cruel_a temper_n the_o marquis_n with_o the_o iron_n tooth_n he_o be_v make_v duke_n of_o pomeren_n by_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n iii_o but_o his_o brother_n 3_o albert_n relinquish_v all_o but_o the_o bare_a title_n in_o pomeren_n leave_v nothing_o to_o his_o successor_n but_o the_o name_n which_o they_o have_v hitherto_o keep_v of_o duke_n of_o pomeren_n however_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v so_o remarkable_a at_o some_o act_n of_o chivalry_n that_o the_o usual_a title_n confer_v on_o he_o by_o pope_n pius_n ii_o be_v achilles_n germanicus_n and_o ulysses_n teutonicus_n he_o die_v at_o francfurt_n at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n in_o the_o year_n 1494._o his_o son_n 4._o john_n be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v a_o prince_n as_o eloquent_a as_o his_o father_n be_v valiant_a and_o therefore_o he_o be_v common_o style_v cicero_n germanicus_n he_o leave_v the_o marquisate_n in_o the_o year_n 1499_o to_o his_o son_n 5._o joachim_n as_o great_a a_o lover_n as_o his_o father_n be_v a_o master_n of_o eloquence_n founder_n of_o the_o university_n at_o francfurt_n and_o first_o authorizer_n of_o the_o reform_a religion_n in_o brandenburg_n 6._o joachim_n ii_o succeed_v his_o father_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1534_o get_v himself_o and_o his_o follower_n no_o small_a credit_n in_o a_o brave_a expedition_n against_o the_o turk_n at_o that_o time_n the_o common_a enemy_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n his_o son_n and_o successor_n 7._o john_n george_n govern_v a_o long_a time_n in_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n during_o his_o life_n his_o son_n 8._o joachim_n frideric_n be_v administrator_n of_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o magdeburg_n and_o after_o his_o father_n death_n govern_v the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n with_o the_o same_o peaceable_a meekness_n and_o piety_n he_o have_v the_o usual_a blessing_n of_o good_a and_o religious_a man_n the_o happiness_n to_o be_v a_o father_n of_o many_o child_n whereof_o the_o elder_a 9_o john_n sigismond_n succeed_v he_o he_o marry_v ann_n daughter_n of_o albert-frideric_a duke_n of_o prussia_n and_o mary_n eleanor_n his_o wife_n daughter_n of_o william_n i._o duke_n of_o cleve_n who_o marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o the_o say_a duke_n as_o he_o do_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o other_o prince_n with_o promise_n that_o upon_o the_o decease_n of_o her_o brethren_n without_o issue_n she_o and_o her_o heir_n shall_v succeed_v to_o all_o his_o territory_n upon_o this_o title_n the_o present_a elector_n of_o brandenburg_n lay_v claim_v to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o cleve_n juliers_n and_o bergen_n or_o the_o mountain_n with_o the_o county_n of_o ravensburg_n 10._o george-william_n son_n to_o john_n sigismond_n and_o the_o lady_n ann_n beforemention_v claim_v in_o his_o mother_n right_n the_o dukedom_n aforesaid_a together_o with_o the_o barony_n of_o ravenstein_n all_o which_o be_v part_v betwixt_o he_o and_o his_o 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mixture_n of_o vice_n of_o his_o countryand_n family_n he_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o year_n 1620_o and_o upon_o his_o father_n death_n declare_v elector_n in_o the_o year_n 1656._o he_o have_v several_a child_n by_o both_o his_o wife_n before_o mention_v whereof_o the_o elder_a son_n or_o electoral_a prince_n charles_n emile_n be_v bear_v the_o six_o of_o february_n in_o the_o year_n 1655._o though_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n be_v former_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o much_o more_o potent_a prince_n than_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n strength_n strength_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n have_v always_o take_v place_n of_o he_o at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o emperor_n yet_o certain_o the_o case_n be_v much_o alter_v at_o present_a and_o the_o many_o accession_n to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n dominion_n whereof_o the_o present_a marquis_n and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n in_o these_o last_o age_n have_v render_v he_o the_o most_o powerful_a and_o formidable_a prince_n next_o to_o the_o austrian_a family_n in_o the_o german_a empire_n beside_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n he_o challenge_v the_o dukedom_n of_o magdeburg_n preussen_n juliers_n cleves_n bergen_n stetin_n pomeren_n casubia_n vandalia_n silesia_n crossen_n and_o jagerndorff_n again_o he_o write_v himself_o duke_n of_o rugen_n prince_n of_o halberstadt_n and_o minden_n earl_n of_o the_o marck_n and_o ravensberg_n and_o last_o baron_n of_o ravenstein_n the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n chief_a interest_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o a_o firm_a adherence_n to_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n interest_n interest_n who_o possible_o be_v the_o only_a prince_n can_v secure_v he_o from_o the_o encroachment_n of_o his_o neighbour_n the_o swede_n next_o to_o the_o swede_n he_o be_v most_o jealous_a of_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n as_o have_v observe_v they_o more_o favour_v by_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n in_o the_o controversy_n about_o the_o dukedom_n of_o juliers_n and_o cleves_n than_o himself_o this_o oblige_a he_o to_o compose_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o himself_o and_o the_o duke_n of_o newburg_n upon_o easy_a term_n than_o otherwise_o he_o will_v have_v be_v willing_a to_o have_v do_v the_o king_n of_o poland_n be_v another_o terrible_a neighbour_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o prussia_n and_o therefore_o the_o elector_n not_o dare_v to_o repose_v too_o great_a a_o confidence_n in_o a_o prince_n who_o pretend_v a_o right_a to_o the_o ducal_z as_o well_o as_o regal_a prussia_n be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v a_o constant_a and_o strong_a army_n upon_o those_o coast_n in_o the_o year_n 1657_o this_o question_n be_v move_v whether_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n may_v lawful_o be_v deprive_v of_o all_o the_o territory_n which_o he_o hold_v in_o prussia_n as_o dependence_n on_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n upon_o his_o have_v enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n at_o that_o time_n declare_v enemy_n to_o poland_n the_o polish_v lawyer_n urge_v in_o the_o affirmative_a that_o the_o elector_n be_v the_o king_n of_o poland_n vassal_n and_o therefore_o forfeit_v his_o land_n by_o enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o his_o master_n enemy_n but_o certain_o when_o we_o consider_v in_o what_o a_o miserable_a condition_n poor_a king_n casimir_n be_v and_o how_o unable_a to_o defend_v either_o himself_o or_o his_o subject_n and_o again_o how_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o in_o this_o conjuncture_n the_o swedish_n army_n will_v have_v swallow_v up_o the_o whole_a dukedom_n of_o prussia_n as_o it_o have_v already_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n without_o be_v oblige_v to_o quit_v the_o field_n by_o such_o a_o treaty_n the_o pole_n have_v great_a reason_n to_o thank_v the_o elector_n for_o preserve_v by_o this_o expedient_a some_o part_n of_o their_o king_n dominion_n from_o the_o common_a destruction_n then_o to_o condemn_v he_o for_o wise_o shun_v the_o ruin_n which_o king_n casimir_n have_v bring_v upon_o this_o kingdom_n there_o be_v
claim_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o treatye_n of_o roschild_n copenhagen_n and_o westphalia_n which_o by_o this_o treaty_n be_v confirm_v the_o duke_n expect_v beside_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o country_n some_o recompense_n for_o the_o damage_n he_o have_v sustain_v during_o the_o war_n and_o at_o least_o to_o have_v have_v back_o the_o canon_n be_v a_o hundred_o excellent_a brass_n piece_n which_o be_v take_v out_o of_o tunningen_n when_o it_o be_v seize_v and_o dismantle_v by_o denmark_n but_o his_o expectation_n in_o this_o point_n be_v not_o answer_v one_o of_o the_o article_n of_o the_o same_o treaty_n be_v that_o the_o country_n of_o rixingen_n belong_v to_o count_n alefelt_n chancellor_n of_o denmark_n make_v governor_n of_o holstein_n in_o the_o year_n 1663._o upon_o the_o death_n of_o christian_a earl_n of_o rantzaw_n chief_a minister_n of_o state_n to_o the_o late_a king_n frideric_n iii_o confiscate_v during_o the_o war_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o he_o ditmars_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o province_n be_v a_o remnant_n of_o the_o ancient_a saxon_n and_o retain_v much_o of_o the_o prowess_n and_o heroic_a spirit_n of_o their_o ancestor_n some_o will_v have_v the_o word_n write_v deutsch_n or_o teutschmarsh_n i._n e._n the_o german_a or_o dutch_a marsh_n because_o the_o people_n be_v relic_n of_o the_o german-saxons_a and_o the_o country_n plain_a and_o fenny_a the_o ditmarssians_n be_v never_o like_o the_o wagrians_n and_o stormarians_n bring_v under_o subjection_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o holstein_n till_o that_o whole_a earldom_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n and_o though_o they_o be_v give_v by_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n iii_o to_o christian_a earl_n of_o oldenburgh_n the_o first_o danish_n king_n of_o that_o house_n yet_o soon_o after_o they_o throw_v off_o this_o yoke_n and_o refuse_v to_o acknowledge_v themselves_o subject_a to_o he_o or_o his_o successor_n till_o by_o the_o valour_n and_o good_a fortune_n of_o king_n frideric_n ii_o they_o be_v vanquish_v and_o force_v to_o submit_v in_o the_o year_n 1559._o in_o this_o expedition_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n be_v assist_v by_o john_n and_o adolph_n duke_n of_o holstein_n his_o cousin-german_n whereupon_o they_o share_v the_o conquest_n with_o he_o ditmars_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n whereof_o the_o southern_a fall_v to_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o the_o northern_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n the_o only_a place_n of_o note_n in_o ditmars_n be_v 1._o meldorp_n the_o chief_a town_n in_o the_o province_n seat_v on_o the_o german_a ocean_n and_o a_o place_n of_o good_a trade_n 2._o heyde_n which_o be_v a_o large_a but_o poor_a city_n on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o great_a barren_a sand_n of_o the_o same_o name_n which_o overspread_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o country_n 3._o lunden_n opposite_a to_o tonningen_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o eyder_n stormar_n stormar_n stormar_n or_o stormarsh_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o the_o marshy_a ground_n lie_v along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n stoer_n for_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o holstein_n be_v distinguish_v by_o name_n take_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n they_o inhabit_v and_o the_o ancient_a marsi_n be_v nothing_o else_o then_o a_o people_n that_o live_v in_o these_o bog_n and_o fen_n and_o thence_o take_v their_o name_n hamburgh_n of_o which_o city_n we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o give_v a_o large_a description_n elsewhere_o stand_v in_o stormar_n hamburgh_n hamburgh_n and_o upon_o that_o score_n the_o earl_n and_o duke_n of_o holstein_n have_v always_o pretend_v a_o right_a to_o this_o city_n and_o demand_v homage_n of_o the_o citizen_n these_o pretension_n be_v judge_v legal_a and_o the_o right_a and_o title_n of_o the_o say_a duke_n ratify_v by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n iv_o in_o the_o year_n 1374._o whereupon_o the_o hamburgher_n swear_v 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that_o the_o point_n of_o homage_n shall_v be_v amicable_o determine_v by_o treaty_n or_o by_o a_o ordinary_a process_n before_o the_o chamber_n of_o spire_n and_o that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n this_o city_n shall_v enjoy_v a_o neutrality_n and_o free_a commerce_n as_o former_o ii_o that_o this_o city_n with_o a_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n of_o his_o majesty_n good_a will_n towards_o they_o shall_v remain_v in_o a_o humble_a devotion_n towards_o he_o and_o shall_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o power_n further_o his_o good_a and_o prevent_v any_o evil_n they_o know_v likely_a to_o happen_v to_o he_o iii_o that_o for_o the_o great_a manifestation_n of_o this_o their_o devotion_n this_o city_n shall_v send_v a_o formal_a deputation_n to_o his_o majesty_n iv_o that_o this_o city_n in_o consideration_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v gracious_o please_v to_o receive_v they_o again_o into_o his_o favour_n shall_v pay_v he_o 220000_o crown_n at_o four_o term_n the_o first_o payment_n to_o be_v make_v immediate_o after_o the_o ratify_v the_o recess_n the_o second_o within_o six_o month_n after_o and_o the_o three_o and_o last_o at_o the_o end_n of_o other_o six_o month_n v._o that_o his_o majesty_n shall_v quit_v all_o his_o pretension_n to_o any_o land_n which_o this_o city_n at_o present_a hold_n either_o in_o particular_a or_o in_o common_a with_o the_o city_n of_o lubeck_n shall_v release_v the_o ship_n stop_v dithmarsia_n rendesburgum_n kiel_n et_fw-fr bordesholm_n in_o occidentali_fw-la pâ—rte_fw-la holsatiae_fw-la tabula_fw-la geographica_n novissima_fw-la ducatus_fw-la stormariae_fw-la in_o meriodionali_fw-la parte_fw-la holsatiae_fw-la apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a et_fw-la mosem_fw-la pitt_n wagria_n quae_fw-la est_fw-la pars_fw-la orientalid_n holsatiae_fw-la exit_fw-la officina_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a et_fw-fr moses_n pitt_n at_o gluckstadt_n and_o shall_v ratify_v this_o recess_n within_o eight_o day_n five_o day_n after_o the_o sign_v of_o this_o interim_n recess_n so_o call_v because_o it_o leave_v both_o party_n in_o the_o same_o right_n they_o have_v before_o the_o deputy_n of_o hamburgh_n according_a to_o the_o tenure_n of_o the_o three_o article_n wait_v on_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n at_o his_o quarter_n at_o pinneberg_n and_o be_v admit_v to_o audience_n speak_v to_o he_o in_o the_o follow_a word_n most_o serene_a and_o most_o potent_a king_n most_o gracious_a lord_n whereas_o your_o royal_a majesty_n be_v by_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n happy_o arrive_v in_o this_o your_o dukedom_n and_o consequent_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o this_o city_n of_o hamburgh_n and_o have_v cause_v proposal_n consist_v in_o three_o point_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o say_a city_n and_o have_v desire_v their_o resolution_n thereupon_o and_o whereas_o the_o first_o point_n through_o the_o shortness_n of_o time_n and_o for_o other_o reason_n can_v not_o be_v determine_v at_o present_a and_o that_o your_o majesty_n have_v therefore_o be_v gracious_o please_v to_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o a_o amicable_a agreement_n or_o to_o a_o legal_a determination_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o remove_v the_o displeasure_n you_o have_v take_v against_o the_o say_a city_n and_o by_o a_o interim_n recess_n gracious_o to_o agree_v that_o as_o well_o the_o right_n and_o pretension_n of_o your_o majesty_n as_o of_o the_o say_a city_n shall_v remain_v unprejudiced_a the_o burgermaster_n and_o raedt_n deputy_n do_v in_o the_o name_n of_o themselves_o and_o of_o all_o the_o burgher_n appear_v before_o your_o majesty_n and_o do_v promise_v faithful_o to_o observe_v the_o say_v interim_n recess_n in_o all_o its_o point_n and_o clause_n and_o particular_o to_o bear_v your_o majesty_n most_o humble_a and_o become_a devotion_n that_o to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o power_n they_o will_v further_o your_o majesty_n good_a and_o hinder_v all_o ill_a and_o detriment_n from_o happen_v to_o your_o majesty_n provide_v this_o city_n be_v leave_v in_o a_o quiet_a and_o undisturbed_a enjoyment_n of_o their_o