Concernments the Parliament being desirous together with the Kings person to extirpate his Memory and to remove those Objects which might beget tenderness in the people who do alwaies bemoan the misfortunes of those whom before they hated Commanded that his Statues should be flung down whereupon that which stood on the VVest-end of St. Pauls Church in London was cast down and the other which was placed in the old Exchange placing this following Inscription in the Comportment above the same Exit tyrannus Regum ultimus Anno Libertatis Angliae restitutae primo Anno Domini 1648. Januarii 30. In like manner the Aâ—mes of the Crown of England which were placed in the Churches in the Courts of Judiciture and other publick places were taken down And the Common-weath being now as it seemed solidly established some neighbouring States who desired to be in Amity with Her sent their extraordinary Ambassadors over as namely the Hollanders Spain and Portugal and by the following Negociations the issues of the said Embassies will easily appear As to the Spanish Ambassador satisfaction was continually demanded of him for the Murther which was committed on the persons of this Common-wealths Agents at Madrid nor was this State at all satisfied with the Answer thereon returned That the Contestations between the King of Spain and his Clergy on that particular were not as yet reconciled or brought to naissue And as to the Portugal Ambassador great and vast summes being demanded of him for the reimbursement of those Charges which the King his Master had caused the Common-wealth to be at and for the reparation of those damages which the English Merchants had sustained He replyed he had no Orders to make Answer thereunto whereupon he had his Audience of departure and went his way Immediatly after this Common-wealth sent two extraordinary Ambassadors to the States of the united Provinces the Lords Oliver St. Johns and Walter Strickland Personages of a high repute and endowed with exquisite Parts their Train was great ad splendid and their Equipage favoured not a little of the Splendor of their continued Victories They Embarqued in the Downs on the eleventh of March 1651. and the next day toward even they came to an anchor neer Helvoot Slugs but not without some danger on the 13 they made towards Rotterdam in the long-boats and by the way they were met by some of the States Jachts or Barges and being arrived they were by the English Merchants conducted to their publick House where they were most splendidly entertained whither the Spanish Ambassador sent to complement them by one of his Gentlemen to testifie unto them his joy for their happy arrival beseeching them to enter into and joyn with him in a right understanding Two or three dayes after they set forward towards the Hague and by the way were met by the Master of Ceremonies accompanyed with about thirty Coaches and after some reciprocal complements passed and exchanged they were conducted to a stately House which was prepared for them in the Town where having been three dayes treated at the States charges they had audience In which the Lord St. Johns made a most Elegant and learned Speech in English and gave the Copy thereof unto the Lords States both in English and in Dutch the most essential points whereof were as followeth I. That they were sent unto the Lords the High and mighty States of the United Provinces on the behalf of the Parliament of the Common-wealth of England to ciment a firm League and Confederation betwixt the two Common-wealths in case their Lordships thought it fitting notwithstanding the injuries which the English had received from the Holland Nation II. That they desired to renew and confirm the Treaties and Agreements formerly made concerning the Traffique and Commerce betwixt both Nations III. After which they exhibited the advantages which the Hollanders would reap by this said union in regard of the commodious situation of England for the Traffique with the multitude and security of her Havens and of all things which may advance the Commerce and Trade IV. Finally he told them That he wus commanded by the Parliament of England and by the Common-wealth to make known to their Lordships how sencibly they were touched with the Murder which was committed on the person of their Agent Mr. Dorislaus and that they doubted not but their Lordships would use all possible endeavours to discover the Authors of that horrid and unworthy action After which the Lords States being informed that the said Lords Ambassadors followers were daily molested and affronted by the English Royallists and other persons who resided in Holland they caused a Proclamation to be drawn up which they sent unto the Lords Ambassadors to know of them whether it was penned in the due terms according to their good liking whereby on pain of death they prohibited that no man should either by words or deeds offend or molest any of the said Ambassadors followers or retainers Three months time was already elapsed in their Negotiation at a vast expense and with a farre greater patience without that the least satisfaction in the world could be obtained at the hands of Justice for those daily affronts injuries which were put upon the Lords Ambassadors Retinue Servants and the scorns and disgraces offered to their own persons even to such a pitch as that the Common people and Rascality would assemble themselves at the Gates of their house and belch out injurious language and set upon and injure their Servants Now the Parliament being sensible of these wrongs and injuries and seeing the Lords States did not at all answer those kinde proffers and endeavours which were made unto them to beget and fettle a solid and firm alliance and peace betwixt the two Common-wealths save with delayes and shifts purposely to gain time upon the English till they should be able to judge how the face of things would evidence it self in Scotland and which way the Chain would turn there they recalled their Ambassadors Which suddain and unexpected newes extreamly surprised the Hollanders who testified their astonishments thereon to the Lords Ambassadors by more frequent and oftner visitations then formerly and by which they endeavoured to perswade them to beleeve the sincerity of their intentions and how earnestly and ardently they desired the alliance which their Lordships had propounded But all these fair words were not able to stay the Ambassadors who immediately returned into England again to cut out another guesse kinde of work for the Hollanders And that which gave the greater cause of jealousie unto the English and made them believe that the Hollander dealt deceitfully with them was that their Admirall Van Trump lay lurking about the Isle of of Scillie with his Fleet as if he had some design to make himself Master of them But when as the States were demanded the reason of his lying there they replyed that their Admirals being in those parts was only to demand restitution of
the first fallings out when at last having severall times past and repast through and through each other General Blake obtained the Victory having sunk one Holland Man of War took another with thirty Guns made a hundred and fifty Prisoners and both the Captains of the said Ships and sent the rest of their Fleet home by weeping Cross to tell the rest of their Butter-box Brethren the success of their rash Attempt The English lost but ten Men in this Fight and had forty wounded and of the whole Fleet the Generals Ship alone was somewhat endamaged in her Masts Sails Tackling and Apparel After which the States of Holland disowned and disavowed this Action and to that purpose sent over two extraordinary Ambassadors into England who represented these Reasons to the Parliament of England therein declaring Viz. That the unhappy Fight betwixt the Fleets of both Common-wealths hapned without their knowledge and contrary to the will and desire of the Lords the States General of the united Provinces taking God to witness of this Truth who knows the hearts of men and that both by Letters and Messages they had continually been assured of the said Lords and States Sincerity That with astonishment and amazement they had received the fatall tydings of so rash an Attempt and Action and that immediatly they entred into Consultation how they might best find out a remedy to soften and excuse this fresh bleeding Wound To which end they had convocated a general Assembly of the Provinces in the which they doubted not God willing to meet with a present remedy to these Troubles whereby not only the Causes of all the evils which might ensue should be removed but also by an interiour Comfort mens Minds might be rectified and brought to a better hope of the Treaty which was on Foot wherein their Lordships laboured daily and in good earnest for the Welfare of both Nations to avoid the further effusion of Christian blood so much desired by the Enemies unto both Nations wherefore they requested and desired most humbly of this honourable Councel by the Pledges of the Liberty and their mutuall concurrence in Religion Not to suffer any thing to be undertaken with too much precipitation and heat which might at length become irrevocable and not to be remedied by vaine Wishes or too late Vows but that without delay they might receive a favourable Answer which they the more earnestly desire since their Lordships the States Ships and Marriners were detained and impeded in their Voyages some by force and others by the Fights at Sea and the rest in the Ports of this Common-Wealth Whereunto the Parliament thus replyed Viz. THat whereas they remember with what continual Demonstrations of Friendship they alwaies Comported themselves towards their Neighbours of the united Provinces ever since the beginning of their Civil Wars having not omitted any thing which might tend to the preservation of a good understanding betwixt them they think it very strange to find how ill the said States have answered these their Civilities and especially by the Acts of Hostilitie which they have lately exercised against this Common-wealths Fleet and having taken the whole into their Consideration as well as the severall Papers presented to the Councel of State by their Ambassadors They do thereon answer That as they are ready to give a favourable interpretation to the expressions contained in the said Papers tending to represent how that the last Fight which hapned lately was without the knowledge and contrary to the intentions of their Masters so likewise when they consider how incomformable and inconsistent with these Thoughts and Discourses the proceedings of their State and the behaviour of their Sea-men hath been in the very midst of a Treaty and in what a manner the said particulars have been Negotiated here by their Ambassador The extraordinary preparations of a 150 Ships without any apparent necessity and the Instructions which were by the said Lords States given to the Sea-men we have but too great cause to believe That the Lords the States General of the united Provinces have a designe to usurp the known right which the English have to the Seas To destroy their Fleets which after God are their Walls and Bulwarks and thereby to expose the Common-wealth to an Invasion according to their own good liking even as they have attempted to do by their last Action whereupon the Parliament do think themselves to be obliged to endeavour by Gods assistance as they shall find occasion for the same to seek the reparation of those Wrongs which they have already received and an assurance for the future against the like which might be attempted against them However with a desire and an intention that things may be composed and put up in an amicable way if it be possible by such waies and means as God by his Providence shall lay open and by such circumstances as may tend to hasten this Designe and may render it more efficacious then any other of the like nature hath not yet been So that this Conference besides many others having not been caple to produce the Agreement and expected Reconciliation the Holland Ambassadors took their leaves of the Parliament by a publick Audience and went their ways And immediatly both these powerful Common-wealths prepared for an open VVar all the Waters of the Ocean being not able to quench their just Indignations and those Forces which they will both engender upon the Surface of the Sea may well and duly represent unto us the Image of the Chaos and the VVars of the Elements General Blake who seemed to have fastned the Saile of Fortune to his most prodigious mast by the glorious appearance of his gallant and resolute Fleet makes Saile towards the Northen Parts and about the Isles of Orkney and seised upon all the Holland Vessels which he found Fishing on that Coast most part of the Fishing Barques he sent away and discharged as unworthy Objects or Ornaments to so stately a Navall Armado but the twelve Holland Men of War which were to convoy and secure them he brought home with him On the other side Sir George Askue remaining in the Channel with another Squadron of Ships to clear and guard the same discovered thirty Saile of Hollanders betwixt Callis and Dover to which he gave Chace and constrained them all for the most part to run a shoare on the Coast of France onely ten excepted which were taken burnt and sunck and in reference to this fatall Rupture there was not a day past wherin Prizes were not made by the English on the Hollander and French who likewise were not as yet well reconciled to the English Thence Sir George Askue set Saile towards the West as well to seek out for the Hollander as to guard those Coasts and to convoy the Merchant-Men which were ready to set Saile from Plimouth through the Channel and being come within seven or eight Leagues of the said Port he had notice given
Fleet of nine great Ships which served to shelter several other small ones whereby the trade of England was much impeded and incommodated which obliged the Parliament to put forth a most puissant Naval Army to Sea fitted with good Mariners and all kinde of necessary war-like Ammunitions The sole brute of this Fleet made all the Enemies Ships to run into their several skulking holes like unto so many Conies and Prince Rupert being not strong enough to encounter them was forced to retire into Kingsale Haven in Ireland where he was immediately blocked up by the Parliaments Fleet whilest General Cromwell besieged both the Port and Town by land and Prince Rupert being forced to make a vertue of necessity resolved to bear the brunt of all the English Fleet and so saved himself leaving behinde him three Ships which by that occasion were taken and finally after several turnings and turmoilings be cast anchor at Lisbone where he was protected by the King of Portugal which caused the rupture betwixt this Common-wealth and that Crown and all those mischiefs which ensued as we hereafter shall rehearse Meanwhile the Royallists in Scotland seeing the Parliament was busied in Ireland thought to lay hold on a fit opportunity to play their game and to that purpose the Earle of Montrosse having landed in the North of Scotland with some Forces he had raised in Holland and other parts assembled the old Souldiers who had formerly served under him and armed them with such Arms as he had brought from Holland but before he could make a considerable body he was defeated by the Presbyter Forces taken and hanged on a very high Gibbet which is the last mark of infamy in that Countrey Within a while after there was a Treaty commenced at Breda between the Scots and their King to install and re-establish him in that Kingdome and in the others according as Fortune should answer their designs and expectations and to this end they deputed Ambassadors into Spain Italy Denmarke Sweden Russia and into Turkey and finally throughout all Europe to demand relief aid and assistance But all their Embassies procured neither men nor money only their Ambassadors were laden with Complements and good wishes in return each others particular affairs not permitting them to do more All which gave unto the Common-wealth of England not any great fears but great jealousies wherefore the better to be informed of the passages abroad and the better to fortifie themselves by foraign Leagues and Alliances M. Dorislaus a person full of knowledge and conduct was sent in the quality of an Agent towards the States of the United Provinces the chief drift of this Negotiation being to criment a good and firm understanding between the two Common-wealths But scarce was he arrived at the Hague when five or six disguised persons entred forcibly into his Chamber and massacred him And whilest it seemed all things were a profound Calm in England or that at least the course of the Enemies designs both at home and abroad being sufficiently known to the State on a suddain there sprang up the most formidable faction that ever was hatch'd since these last Warres A certain number of persons who called themselves Levellers whose pretenses were to render all mens goods and possessions alike and truely this was a very plausible design and might doubtlesse have met with as many Abetters as there are men in the world who have no other possessions or Revenues but their good wills to obtaine them The chief of these Levellers was one John Lilborn a man of a dating and attempting spirit who could not remain quiet but was altogether invincible not to be moved by threats nor gained by the favour or presents of fortune which were beneath the extent of his ambition and a considerable part of the Army siding with their Leader they augmented in numbers as fast as the shortnesse of the time would permit the confluence of such men as flattered themselves with such fond hopes and who promised themselves a revenge and and establishment by a second Revolution and change But before all those who intended to have sided with them could come up to them and unite in one body they were vigorously set upon by the Lord Fairfax at that time the Common-wealths General who defeated them at a place called Burford in the County of Oxford where their Leader and the best part of his Souldiers were taken some of which were put to death for example sake and some others were banish'd but the greatest part were pardoned and admitted into favour again As for their Leader John Lilborne being brought up to London he appeared before the chief Officers and Judges of London and Westminster the Lord Maior Sheriffs and divers others where he was not only accused of divers Martial Crimes but also Politick ones as having been the Author of several scandalous and defamatory Libells against the State which tended to render the Government odious and to beget a Mutiny in the people however he so dexterously shifted himself of all these accusations as that the Judges declared him Not guilty Much about that very time Mr. Anthony Ascham a most judicious and accomplished Gentleman was Deputed and sent over in the quality of an Agent to the King of Spain and arrived at the Port of Sancta Maria on the 5. of June 1650. where being advertised but his person was in danger he was constrained to cause himself to be guarded to Madrid where the next day after his arrival as he was at Dinner six men knocked at his Chamber doore which was immediately opened unto them and he rising from the Table to receive them the first of the said parties stabbed him in the head with a Dagger so that he fell down dead to the ground and his Interpreter Signior Riba being not able to make his escape soon enough was likewise stabbed in the belly which being thus done the Murderers would have saved themselves in the Venetian Ambassadors house who refused them protection whence they retired themselves into a Church which in Spain is a Sanctuary which the Justice ought not to violate whence however the King of Spain had them taken and put into prison one only excepted who made an escape Hence there arose a great contest betwixt the King and the Clergy who complain'd that their priviledges had been infringed and demanded that the Prisoners might be returned unto them and on the other side the Parliament of England pressed hard to have justice done on them and though message upon message instance upon instance were used therein yet they took no effect And lest it may seem that all these foraign Negotiations which we have here inserted may be beyond my subject however if they be considered as so many obstacles which Fortune opposed unto the vertue and greatness of his late Highness you will find that the recitall of them will not be altogether uselesse the rather since I have related them as succinctly as possibly
Require you being of the persons nominated personally to be and appear at the Councel-Chamber commonly called or known by the name of the Councel-Chamber at White-Hall within the City of Westminster upon the fourth day of July next ensuing the date hereof then and there to take upon you the said trust to which you are hereby called and appointed to serve as a member for the County of 〈◊〉 and hereof you are not to fail Given under my hand and seal the day of 〈◊〉 July 1653. subscribed Oliver Cromwel And in conformity to this Convocation the nominated for every County did accordingly meet on the fourth of July in the Councel Chamber where the Lord General Cromwel being accompanied with the greatest part of the Officers of the Army delivered himself to the laid members in an excellent Speech in which his Prudence Valour and Piety were at once manifested but chiefly his passionate tenderness for the good of the Commonwealth in General and for the peace and tranquillity of each member in particular so that we may justly attribute unto him the qualities both of a Caesar and of a Moses by reason of his elegant Speech which he prosecuted in this manner By recounting the many wonderful Mercies of God towards this Nation and the continued Series of Providence by which he had appeared in carrying on his Cause and bringing Affairs to that present glorious condition wherein they were He likewise manifested the progress of Affairs since the famous Victory at Worcester as also the actings of the Army thereupon After divers applications to the Parliament and much waiting upon them with the Grounds and necessities of their dissolving the last Parliament which he declared to be for the preservation of this Cause and the Interest of all honest men who had been engaged therein In like manner he set forth the clearness of the Call given to the Members then present to take upon them the Supreme Authority and from the Scriptures exhorted them to their duties and encouraged them therein He further desired them that a tenderness might be used towards all conscientious persons of what Judgement soever Which said Speech was pronounced with such a grate tone and in such excellent manner as it sufficiently manifested that as he himself was throughly perswaded thereof the Spirit of God acted in and by him he had adorned it with no other eloquent phrase save that of Holy Writ The rest was a masculine and convincing stile the comeliness whereof consisted in its plainness without any Rhethorical or Artificial words but single and pure such as proceeded from our Saviours Ministers the which begat the peace tranquillity and glory of all men The Lord Generals Speech being ended he produced an Instrument under his own Hand and Seal whereby he did with the Advice of his Officers devolve and intrust the Supreme Authority and Government of this Common-wealth into the Hands of the persons there met in the manner aforesaid who or any Forty of them were to be held and acknowledged the Supreme Authority of this Nation unto whom all persons within the same and the Territories thereunto belonging were to yield obedience and subjection That they were to sit no longer then the third of November 1654. And that three moneths before their dissolution they were to make choice of other persons to succeed them and whose Powers and Sitting should not exceed twelve Moneths time at the end of which they were likewise to take care for a succession in the Government Which said Instrument having been thus delivered unto them by the Lord General he did again exhort them to take the Business to heart and to set nothing before their eyes save the Glory of God and the Good of Publick Weal promising them that on his part he would neither spare his Goods Life nor his Rest to answer that great Mercy of God which he had shown them in making choice of them to follow those tracks which the Divine Providence had set before them for their good and for the glory and tranquility of these Nations Finally he recommended them to the Almighties protection and so together with his Officers withdrew leaving them to take their places in the former Parliament House and to act accordingly who forthwith named their Speaker and took their places meeting in the House and sitting in due form Upon this change of Government John Lilburne the chief of the Levellers of whom mention was formerly made and who had been banished the Land upon an Act of the foregoing Parliament thought to be protected by this and cast himself upon the Lord General who being unwilling to interpose matters of that nature left him to the Law whence he alwayes freed himself by a most strong fatality of Fortune And whilest this new Parliament is settling it self in England let us look a while back into Scotland and Ireland and see how things have prospered there since we left them Now although the English were possessed of the best strong places and Forteresses of all Scotland and of all the Castles and Forts of value in the Low-lands yet however the High-landers who perceived their inaccessible Fortresses did make continual excursions on the Low-lands being a people hardy and laborious faring hardly used to the cold and rigorousness of those Climates as swift and nimble as Stags and however they have more Valour then Conduct and more Temerity then Discipline yet some of them chose to be commanded by Glencarne Athol the Lord Seafort and others who framing several small Bodies of them would unexpectedly fall in upon and surprize the Inhabitants and English Souldiery without either giving or taking quarter spoiling and murthering all that came in their way and when the English would make shew to charge them and to pursue them in case they found themselves to be the weaker they then betook themselves to their heels with such swiftness and sheltering themselves in such unaccessible Rocks and Holds that it was impossible to pursue or light upon them by which advantages they were emboldned to commit several outrages murthers and had like to have surprized an English Ship which came to an anchor at Leevis Island some of which ships company going on shore to get in fresh water and provisions were detained by the Lord Seafort who also sent a ridiculous Summons to the said ship for its surrender freighted with threats and detestations of the English Government although the said ship the Fortune bearing more sails then their threats could fill laughed at their temerity and got off at will Moreover the state of Affairs in Ireland were much about the same predicament for the English having reduced all the strong Holds of that Countrey and having shipt away all those who had born Arms in the last Wars to be transported into Spain France Flanders and other parts whither themselves would go those onely excepted who during the first Rebellion had a hand in the murthering
Chair appointed for the Speaker of the Parliament On each side of the Hall upon the said Structure there were seats raised one above each other and decently covered for the Members of the Parliament and below them there were Seats made for the Judges of the Land on the one side and for the Aldermen of the City on the other side About two of the Clock in the afternoon his Highness met the Parliament in the Painted Chamber and passed such Bills as were presented to him after which they went in order to the place appointed in Westminster-Hall his Highness being entred on the place and standing under the Cloath of State Mr. Speaker did in the Name of the Parliament present several things which lay ready on the Table unto his Highness viz. A Robe of Purple Velvet lined with Ermines being the habit anciently used at the solemn Investure of Princes next a large Bible richly Gilt and Bossed and lastly a Scepter of massie Gold which being thus presented Mr. Speaker came from his Chair took the Robe and therewith vested his Highness being assisted by the Earl of Warwick the Lord Whitlock and by others which being done the Bible was delivered to his Highness after which Mr. Speaker girt about him the Sword and finally delivered his Highness the Scepter which being thus performed Mr. Speaker returned to his Chair and administred the Oath to his Highness which had been prepared by the Parliament for him to take His Highness standing thus adorned in Princely State Mr. Manton by prayer recommended his Highness Forces by Sea and Land the whole Government and People of these Nations to the blessing and protection of God Almighty After which the people gave several shouts and the Trumpets sounding his Highness sate down in the Chair of State holding the Scepter in his hand and whilst his Highness thus sate a Herald of Arms stood aloft making a signal to a Trumpet to sound three times after which by direction and Authority of Parliament he did there publish and proclaim his Highness Oliver Lord Cromwel Lord Protector of England Scotland and Ireland and the Dominions thereto belonging Hereupon the Trumpets ' sounded again and the People gave several Acclamations with loud shouts crying God save the Lord Protector After a little pause the Ceremony being ended his Highness saluting the Ambassadors and publick Ministers proceeded thence in his Princely Habit the Train whereof was borne up by six noble persons and passed through the Hall into the Palace-yard the Earl of Warwick carrying the sword before him where his Highness entred into his Coach attended by his Life-guards and Halberdeirs the Officers of State the Lord Major and Aldermen all which waited on his Highness back to White-Hall the whole Ceremony having been managed with State and Magnificence suitable to so high and happy a Solemnity But to return to our History again toward the end of the Summer therefore the united Forces of England and France took the Fort of Mardike whereof Major General Morgan took possession for the English as the earnest of further Conquests The Spaniard hereupon conceived all the fears and jealousies which so dangerous a neighbour-hood might justly cause which obliged them in the following moneth to resolve vigorously to assault the place and to carry it by force But they were received with so much vigour by the English as that they were manfully beaten off and constrained to retire with a great loss of their men and of several Officers of note But the joy of these successes were moderated by the death of Admiral Blake a person who had so well deserved of England as that he may be justly intituled its Neptune at the same time when as his Highness was its Jupiter and Mars who caused him to be buried with all the Demonstrations of Honour due to his high demerits He came within sight of Plimouth onely to give up the Ghost and received this satisfaction at his death to have bestowed all the Moments of his life on that Element which had given him so much glory just like unto Moley Moluch that Illustrious King of Fess who at the Article of Death caused himself to be carried in a Litter into his Camp where he expired in the middle of the Battel as he was exhorting his Soldiers and gained the Victory In like manner dyed General Blake in the midst of his famous Combats and Victories regretted by all England and his late Highness who had alwayes an especial care to cause those honours to be rendred to such great persons as were due to their demerits would have him stately interred as the Earl of Essex had been before but General Blakes body was onely brought with a Naval Pomp by Water in State on the Thames from Greenwich to Westminster as being a more suitable Ceremony to his imployment and was there buried in Henry the Seventh's famous Chappel Now the Spaniards disgusted at the firme footing the English had both gotten and kept at Mardike conceiving that against the next Spring it might give them a greater in-let in Flanders deemed they had best to endeavour the driving of them thence betimes before they should be too well settled and established there they resolved to assault them again and accordingly did set upon them very vigorously and resolutely with a party very considerable commanded by the pretended Princes of England and the Marquis of Coracene but the English defended themselves so manfully and stoutly as that the Spaniards began to judge that as the French are good at taking of places so the English were constant in keeping and defending them insomuch as that my Dons were forced to return by weeping cross to Dunkirk and take their last farewell of Mardike For they might very well have perceived by the business of St. Venant that the English were as good at the one as at the other when as the Spaniards having besieged Ardres the English supposed that their advance into France was onely to retard their progress into Flanders gave so resolute an assault to St. Venant as that they carryed the place and had the sole honour of it and immediately marching towards Ardres they drove away the Spaniards then with so much courage and resolution as amazed the French Wherefore this latter part of the season having been imployed in sowing the seeds of those Laurels which they were to reap in the next years expedition in Flanders His late Highness recollected himself to establish Peace and Tranquility in England and to settle the foundation of a happy and glorious Government And deeming that he could not more justly confer the eminent dignities of the Land save upon those who together with their blood had sucked from him the seeds and buds both of Military and Politick Vertues he created his younger son the Lord Henry Cromwel Lord Deputy of Ireland who hath alwayes and doth still behave himself with so much conduct and applause in
The Most excellent Oliver Cromwell Lord Gen ll of Greate Brittay Chancellor of the Vniversity of Oxford L d Cheife Gover r of Ireland ☜ Claude lib de laud Stil Similem Quae protulit Aelus Consilio vel Marle VIRUM THE HISTORY OF THE Life and Death Of His most Serene Highness O LIVER Late Lord Protector Wherein from his Cradle to his Tomb are impartially transmitted to Posterity the most weighty Transactions Forreign or Domestique that have happened in his Time either in Matters of Law Proceedings in Parliaments or other Affairs in Church or State By S. Carrington Pax quaeritur Bello London Printed for Nath. Brook at the Sign of the Angel in Cornhill 1659. FUIMUS The Right honble Charles Viscount Bruce of Ampthill â—en â— Heir Apparent of Thomas Earl of â—â—â—â—bury Baron Bruce of Whorleton To His most SERENE HIGHNESS RICHARD Lord PROTECTOR OF THE Commonwealth of England Scotland and Ireland and the Dominions and Territories thereunto belonging May it please Your Highness AS nothing can be presented to the Potentates of the World of greater value then the Labours of Famous Historiographers who describe to the life the Examples of such Eminent Personages as were transcendent in preceding Ages and may in their Successours beget both Emulation and Experience so shall I not need to apprehend that this History which in all humility I present unto Your Highness will prove unacceptable since therein You may encounter with such a Model of all kinde of Vertues and Perfections as I hope may take a deeper impression in Your Highnesses Breast in regard that it will be found that Art herein is seconded by Nature And whereas I am under the lash of a severe Castigation for my presumption in profering this History to Your Review as I acknowledge when I seriously consider how You have attracted to Your Self that lively Pourtraiture of his Great Soul that You appear the true Embleme both of his Vertues and Majesty May it please Your most Serene Highness I cannot chuse but address this present Oblation as to Your Self so in other Languages to the rest of the Princes and Potentates of the Earth I bequeath it unto posterity very humbly craving the favourable Protection of Your Highnesses Patronage Nor durst I publish so glorious a Work to the World before I had craved Your Highnesses pardon for my Rashness in adventuring to trace those Vigorous Lineaments in the Alexander whom Your Highness so well resembleth and in whom your Highness beareth so great a part Moreover as a sole Apelles could onely be capable of so great an Enterprize so it will be altogether unnecessary for me to endeavour the Description of that Pourtraiture which so evidently is manifested to all the World both in Your Highnesses Person and Actions Wherefore my Lord I must needs confess that Your Highness is the true Original and mine onely relating to the Out-side of so Great and unalterable an Albionist The truth is I finde not in my self ability to express the Real Worth of His Accomplishments and Hardy Features accompanied with that Vivacity and Lustre which secret Mystery lyeth onely in the Hand of that great Master of Nature and Extant in that very Personage whose Simile is hardly this Day to be found in the whole Vniverse except in Your Inimitable Self Nor doth Art or Humane frailty allow so much to be in the Possession of the best men Therefore those who go about to Pourtraict such like Incomparable Personages cannot avoid one of those extremities which Painters run into when they go about to represent the Sun who either place themselves at so great a distance as that they can onely discover an ineffications and feeble Reflections of its Beams or approach so neer unto it as that being dazled with its Resplendency and overcome with its Heat they are bereaved of their Senses and retain onely their Hearts at liberty to adore and admire that powerful Hand which formed so glorious a Creature To the like Non plus am I reduced who rashly ascend to the very summit of the Throne of Honour thence to contemplate his late Highness Person surrounded by so glorious a Resplendency as no eyes are able to behold nor to be comprehended by the mindes of men so that I must needs sink under the burthen and content my self with the Poets Expression Inopem me copia fecit In which extasie all my Senses being surprized my Heart is onely left free to admire and my Tongue to plead Excuses and offer up good Wishes which I most humbly Dedicate and Devote unto Your most Serene Highness Nor could the Heavens have ever established a more fitting Personage to bear a share in or inclination unto this Work then Your Highness as well as to defend it from Envy it self And if so be History be a second Life Your Highness may judge by the black Attempts which threatned Your Glorious Father how this Work will be assailed and how many Enemies its Authour must resolve to enter into the Lists withall their Rage being thereby renewed and augmented by their perceiving that the Tomb hath onely bereaved us of the least part of this Great Heroe And how malicious soever their Envy may appear in such Stories which possibly may be written in Contradiction hereof it will onely publish from Truth it self to the World their inveterate Spleen which can never pierce through the bright Rayes of his Innocent and Glorious Actions Moreover whereas the Divine Providence hath so often and miraculously preserved the first life of his late Highness against the Attempts both of men and monsters Your most Serene Highness is also engaged as well by Imitation as by the Interest of Your Care and Royal Dignity to watch over the Preservation of his second Life which is in Your Highness by so Lawful a Succession as is devolved upon Your Self The Glorious Course whereof I resolve to trace from this very moment that I may the better publish the Illustrious Transactions thereof in five other Languages which during my Travels I have acquired In which also I intend to publish this present History the French being already perfected and fit for the Press His great Soul expecting proportionable Honours to its Dignity and his vaste Minde requiring number less Elegies which may remain as so many living Monuments not to be defaced by Times Violence nor Envy But I press this Subject too home to Your Highness since You bear so great a share therein and my self dare attribute so little of it to my own incapacity of compassing so great an undertaking Wherefore I shall onely hereby endeavour to attract others and to shew them the Borders and Coast of that vaste Sea into which they ought to lanch so that like to a Forelorn Hope I shall onely first mount the Breach and by diverse Languages animate all the Trumpets of Fame to Celebrate the Glory of his late Highness in those parts of the World where I have conversed for
Garison and unto the rest of the Forces which could be got together in a Body which in all amounted not unto above 9000 Men and who joyntly made so generall and vigorous a Sally upon the Marquis of Ormond which Sally was so well ordered by the Prudence of Colonel Michael Jones and so well encouraged and led on by his Prudence and Valour together as that they forced the Marquis to quit the Siege and so well prosecuted the point of their Victory as that they cut all the said Marquises Troops in pieces who with much ado saved himself there were slain in the Combat and pursuit about 2000 Men as many were taken Prisoners and all the Ammunition of War with the Baggage and Ordnance were likewise left behind as a Prey to the Besieged And the better to advance this generall Defeat and to cause these puissant Confederates the sooner to run into their Ruine who a little before promised themselves no less then the Conquest of the three Kingdomes Oliver Cromwell being by the Common-wealth nominated Governour of Ireland took footing at Dublin with an Army furnished with all Necessaries requisite toward the Crowning of an Undertaking which already had so happy and successfull a beginning But General Cromwell having in vain sought for the Enemies who by these addition all Forces were forced to take Sanctuary in the best places and Fortresses of the Country at length besieged Drogedah one of the best and considerablest places in all Ireland defended by so strong a Garison as it might well have framed a little Army and was commanded by such Officers as had been signallized beyond the Seas whose numbers were so exceeding great as that several of them bare Armes only as private Souldiers There was no time spent in the framing of a Siege or in the opening of Approaches but each one minded the beating of the Iron whilst it was hot and concluded that the Confederates ought not to be suffered to rally themselves nor to unite in a Body again wherefore a slight Breach being made the Orders were given out for a generall Assault but the Walls were lined with so many and so good Men chiefly in those places where the Assault was to be given as that the solidst and gravest Officers of the Army did represent unto his Excellency the General that there was no appearance at all to carry the place by force but that it would be better to tyre and weary out the besieged by the length of a siege during which the breach might be made the larger But Generall Cromwell whose prudence as we have already observed seconded his valour did briskly answer them that he would goe and open the breach for them and placing himselfe at the head of his Troops caused the assault to be given rendring this example of wisdome to all great Personages that in Actions of important consequence neither Age nor great Commands or high Preferments ought to hinder a General to be the first man to goe on upon an assault since it must render them the most considerable and raise them up to the highest pitch of honour and esteem Finally after a sharp and bloody contest hand to hand most obstinately maintained on all sides the English forced their entrance and the General went into the place pell mell with his Souldiers at which time the ardour and heat of the victory did appear to correspond with his prudence for though his generosity did oblige him to give quarter to those who had so well defended themselves notwithstanding deeming it fitting to make that place an example of terror unto the rest of the Towns which were garrisoned and which might cost him too dear should they stand out as sturdily and obstinately as these did he caused all those to be put to the sword who were found to be in Arms thus he sacrificed 3000 Irish unto the Ghosts of 10000 English whom they had massacred some years before The taking of this place was followed by the surrender of several others fear causing the weakest to yield but those which were able to defend themselves were sold at dear rates Trin Dundalke Nury Wexford Râ—ne Bandonbridge and Kingsale were subdued this last being a very considerable passage so likewise were several other places taken by the respective Commanders of the Common-wealth at the self same time in the other parts of Ireland and several parties of the Enemies field-Forces were likewise defeated by Sir Charles Coot Collonel Venables and Jones and the Lord Broghill each of them signalizing themselves according to their accustomed valours and the Lord Broghill having since made it appear in the managing of States affairs that he is as great a Politician as a Souldier One would have imagined that the impetrous course of these victories should absolutely have quelled and abated the courage of the Irish or that force and might would soon have reduced them to terms of reason but they held out for a long time together in unaccessable places in Woods and Bogges over which none but the Natives both Horse and Men can passe without perishing which doth manifest unto us that the Conquest of that Island is not so easie at present as it was formerly when Henry the second of England reduced it in one Winter which as certain Writers say is almost incredible That so populous a Nation so hardy so well disciplined so active and dexterous should not so much as lift up a hand to defend themselves But as the same writer saith it is apparent that they were not accustomed to our manner or wayes of warring nor to defend themselves against such kinde of weapons as were then used however if the Conquest was easie the preservation was not found to be so and cost farre dearer True it is that this last Conquest of that Nation was not so suddenly archieved but those means which have been used to assure and preserve it will give occasion unto our nephewes that this present age hath much profited by the faults and omissions of our Ancestors Moreover that fire which the Civil Warres had kindled in the Britannick Islands was so violent as that all the Sea which separates the Old World from the New was not capable to hinder the Communication thereof even to their Colonies in America for Virginia and the Carybde Islands refused to acknowledge the power of the Common-wealth all those who inclined thereunto were either banished or executed and despoyled of their goods and however those Collonies could not subsist but by the Commerce of England and that this Revolt did bring along with it their ruine yet their obstinacy was such as that they would neither yield to their own Interest nor Reason Till at length the Common-wealth sent a Fleet thither under the Command of Sir George Askue who delivered them out of their miseries by ranging them under the obedience of the Parliament Meanwhile the Royallists Forces were very considerable at Sea for Prince Rupert had a
the Town the English were engaged to encamp themselves on the East-side of the Town in an open Field very fit to give Battel in without that either Party would give or take advantage of the Ground where the English having attended the Enemies a sufficient space of time and perceiving that they would not fight but upon an advantage they took their March towards Dunbar whither the Scots followed them immediatly and at a certain passage endeavoured to charge their Rearguard But the English immediatly facing about the Scots changed their resolution and gained the Hills where they thought they might with advantage cut off the English their passage to Coperspeth at which time the English Army was but in a very ill Condition the Winter wch begins betimes in those parts had so nipt them with Colds and great Rains and the ill Victuals which they had besides caused a great deal of sickness in the Army Fluxes Loosness and other Diseases whereby many died and were rendred uncapable of Service being sent and carried away to Barwick and the adjoyning parts The Scots who very well knew the sad estate of the English Army which they had really blocked up at the passage of Copperspeth which is betwixt Dunbar and Barwick thereby impeding the English's Communication with that place and by hindring them from those Conveniencies which they thence received intending either to overcome them there or to cause them to perish there for want of Necessaries so that they promised themselves an unquestionable Victory without much loss on their sides wherby they presumed to brag that they had gotten the English in the Earl of Essex's Pensold alluding to that extremity whereunto the Royallists had reduced that Earle in the County of Cornwall where his Army surrendred at discretion the Horse only excepted who made their way through the Enemy in the Night-time Nor were the Scots their hopes ill grounded considering the ill plight wherein the English Army was at that time and the inequality of their Forces the Scots being at the least 20000 Men and the English not above 12000 divers of which were likewise sick But the extremity whereunto the English were reduced made them pitch upon so firm a resolution either to overcome or to die in the Battel as that the Scots were totally routed and defeated by those very reasons and that very confidence which had made them as it were sure of the Victory Wherefore the General and the chief Officers of the English Army deeming that the longer they should delay to put it to a noble adventure whereby to get out of this great straight wherein they were the lesse they should be able to compass it resolved either to make their passage through their Enemies by the points of their Swords or to perish in the undertaking So that they imployed the whole Night in seeking of the Lord and imploring his Assistance from Heaven as also in giving out and distributing the Orders requisite for the Fight and just at break of the day the Army was ready drawn up into Battel-aray and to give the on-set the English word was The Lord of Hoastes and the Scots word was The Covenant which did very well represent the state of their Affairs and the subject of their Quarrell and in an instant both the English Horse and Foot with a gallant resolution fiercely charged the right Wing of the Scots where the Enemy had placed all their Cavalry on purpose to hinder the English in their passage that way The Scots received their Charge with a great deal of constancy and resolution and it may justly be said That Alexander did not meet with more resistance nor glory at the passage of Granicia then our late Protector met with at this Encounter especially if so be we consider how that the said Conquerour of Asia had to do with an effeminate kind of People bred in a delicious Country accustomed to their ease and pleasures but here on the contrary That the English brought up in a fertile abundant Soil and under a middle Climate should come to confront a War-like Nation in a harsh barren and cold Climat The General 's own Regiment of Foot had the Vanguard that day and performed the parts of men answering most gloriously to that honour which belonged to them Their Colonel and General together animating aâ—d encouraging them by his own example witnessed by his Actions that there was not a straws breadth that day betwixt them and death or the Victory Major General Whaley charged the Enemies whole Army through and through with his Regiment bearing down all those who durst withstand him and without the loss of many men having wheeled about again and cleared all before him regained his former station himself having only received a slight Wound in the Arm and had a Horse killed under him And not to detain the Reader in any further suspence all the Regiments of the Army performing their parts like resolute gallant men For should a man go about to praise one Squadron or Battallion of them in particular he must of necessity derogate from the rest you might have observed as many Soldiers as Officers as many Officers as Soldiers who being all of them animated or rather inspired by a supernaturall instinct of Valour a man would have thought they had been invulnerable or shot-free and that a Hand from on high did defend them from the showers of Lead and Launces which were ready to overwhelme them so that the violence and force wherewith they fought did only permit the Scots to put by their Blows as also it is worthy to be noted that in all this Fight the English lost but forty men whereas of the Scots there were foure thousand killed upon the place and that Army which was stronger then the English by two thirds thinking to have overwhelmed them did only by closing in upon them force them to fight with the greater vigour and you would have imagined that the little Army of the English consisted only of one Body which had but one only motion and charged the Enemy on all sides with so much Impetuosity and Animosity as that you would have said it had been and insensible Mass or Lump which only pressed forwards where the weight of Arms or the force of Powder did transport it Finally after one whole hours dispute very hot Fight and violent furious Contests the Scots gave way and their Horse being put to flight endeavoured to save themselves by the goodness of their heels the English Cavalry pursuing them to Haddington all the Scotch Foot remained on the place and that which rendred the slaughter of them the greater was that the English Soldiers remembred an Action which hapned the day before in which thirty Soldiers of Colonel Prides Regiment being commanded to possess a House scituate betwixt both Camps and not being seconded were over-powred by a greater number of the Scots and so forced to deliver up the place again notwithstanding which
great Statesmen untill the very effects of them are ready to appear All which reasons being naturally pondered by the wisest and most zealous persons interessed in the glory of the English Nation the good and wellfare of the Commonwealth and particularly by his excellency the Lord General it was resolved that the Parliament should be dissolved in reference hereunto on the twelfth of December 1653. as soon as the Parliament was met A Member of the said House stood up and moved That the sitting of this Parliament as it was then constituted being not thought proper nor fitting for the good of the Commonwealth It was therefore requisite to deliver up unto the Lord General Cromwel the powers which they had received from him Which motion being seconded by the greatest part of the other Members the House arose and the Speaker accompanied by the major part of the House departed and went to White-Hall where they did by a Writing under their hands being the greater number of the Members sitting in Parliament resign unto his Excellency the Power which they had received from him and the which was by the Speaker presented to his said Excellency accordingly in the Name of the whole House No sooner was the Parliament dissolved and that Affairs of moment and weight came crowding in apace but that there was a necessity during the intervalls of Parliament to form as it is called in forreign parts an upper Councel and to create a superiour dignity to avoid both tediousness and confusion in the dispatch of Affairs which said dignity holding the mid-way between a Monarchial and Democratical might avoid the inconveniencies which these two extremities are subject unto and the thing it self having been well pondered and maturely deliberated the choice of the person on whom this dignity was to be conferred was soon made God having pointed him out unto them by a mark those admirable and uninterrupted Victories which he caused him to gain and by those excellent productions of a minde which had something of supernatural in it and partaked of the Divinity Wherefore the Lord General Cromwel was Elected Declared and Sworn at Westminster in the presence of all the Judges and Justices the Barons of the Exchequer the keepers of the Liberties of England the Lord Major and Aldermen of the City of London with most of the chief Officers of the Army Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England Scotland and Ireland and the Islands and Territories thereunto belonging and at the same time several Articles were presented to the Lord Protector by which he was to govern the people which being red unto him he took a solemn Oath to performe and see them kept in the presence of the whole assembly protesting moreover that he would minde nothing so much as the good of the Commonwealth the Glory of God and the Honour of the English Nation The chief heads of the Articles of Government were as followeth 1. That the Protector should call a Parliament every three years 2. That the first Parliament should assemble on the third of September 1654. 3. That he should not dissolve the Parliament till it had sate five moneths 4. That such Bills as he should not signe within twenty dayes should pass without him 5. That he should have a select Councel to assist him not exceeding one and twenty nor less then thirteen 6. That immediately after his Death the Councel should choose another Protector before they rose 7. That no Protector after him should be General of the Army 8. That the Protector should have Power to make Peace or War 9. That with the consent of his Councel he may make Laws which shall be binding to the Subjects during the intervals of Parliament c. Immediately after which the Lord General Cromwel without the devesting of himself of the Command of the Army which he preferred before all other charges took upon him the title of Highness and the dignity and name of Lord Protector A very fit appellation in regard of the Infantine and as yet growing State of England which the several Factions and Divisions as also the different Opinions in Religion would have exposed to a numberless kinde of unavoidable miseries had not a powerful Genius armed with Force and Judgement protected it from ripping up its Entrails and Bowels by its own hands And immediately after he was proclaimed Lord Protector of England Scotland and Ireland c. First in the Pallace yard at Westminster by the Officers of State and afterwards at the Royal Exchange by the Lord Major and Aldermen in their Scarlet Gowns Some few dayes after the body of the City invited his Highness the Lord Protector to a most splendid feast and gallant entertainment at Grocers-Hall not so much to treat him with their good chear as with the resplendent testimonies of their joy and with the submissive tenders of their devoires His Highness would by no means refuse to give that satisfaction to their evidences of respect and joy and the better to testifie unto them on his behalf the high value he put upon their care and love he set forth towards them in as great a pomp and magnificence as befitted a person invested with so eminent qualities and as one who having reaped so many Laurels had newly restored peace and tranquillity unto three distracted Kingdomes The manner of his Highness going to the City and reception there was on this wise His Highness's Life-guard of Horse marched in the first place after which followed the chief Officers of the Army on Horse-back and some of his Councel of State after them rode two Pages bare headed in sumptuous Apparel after them came twelve Lackeys in velvet Caps and gray Liveries with silk and silver Fringe then followed his Highness seated in a Charet of State drawn by six beautiful Horses richly trapped which by their lofty gate seemed to glory in their drawing so victorious a Hercules triumphing over so many Monsters and his Highness who alwayes preferred the little ornaments of the Soul before those of the Body was onely clad in a dark coloured Suit and Cloak the greatest part of the other Nobility attending in their Coaches and six horses At Temple-Bar his Highness was met and received by the Lord Major and Aldermen and the Recorder of the City saluted him with an excellent Speech containing several expressions of Joy Fidelity and Obeisance and of good Hopes of his prosperous and happy Government His Highness having thanked him alighted from his Chariot and quitting his Cloak put on a rich Riding Coat imbroidered with Gold and got up on Horse-back on a Palfrey richly trapped and was followed by three other led Horses of State By which change of Garments his Highness testified unto them that when as occasions of the States-service should call upon him he would descend from his Triumphal Chariot where the glory of his Conquests had set him in rest and mounting his Horse for Battel would expose
his Life as freely as he formerly had done for the peace and tranquility of their City and for the Liberty of England The Lord Major rode all the way bare-headed as also carried the City Sword drawn before his late Highness the Lord Protector By the one representing the Respect and Obedience of the City and by the other its Fidelity and Resolution to spill their Blood in the defence of the Peace of the State and for the preservation of the Life and new Dignity of his Highness The Streets were railed up and the several Companies of the City in their Liveries sate on both sides of the way with Streamers sticking up to distinguish each Company Moreover it is a thing worthy to be observed how that the Character which God doth imprint on the Forehead of those whom he hath designed to be his Vicegerents on Earth doth beget an astonishment and fear in the hearts of those where it cannot raise a respect but in the others both admiration and love so that on all sides the Divine Providence compasseth its Glory either by the means of its Justice or Mercy And thus you see his Highness the Lord Protector passing through this great City which was drawn up in Arms having his Head onely covered with Laurels and his guarded with a simple though resplendent morsel of Glory The one surrounding him to cover and protect him with her wings and the disarmed Justice which accompanied this great Heroes footsteps seemed to Lead a naked and fettered Mars by a silken thread And thus after his Highness had been most splendedly entertained by the City before he departed he conferred the Honour of Knighthood upon the Lord Major and left all the City filled with an admiration of his Heroick Vertues and with a general satisfaction of his candor and generousness their hopes being freighted with acclamations and good wishes No sooner was his late Highness settled in the Supreme degree of his Protectorship but just like the Sun elevated in a high sublime Sphere he begat an infinite number of malignant Exhalations which however were soon dissipated by his luster and resplendency and at the same time by his vertue he gave a life and being to all those glorious actions which knowing men did expect from his sage Government On the Eighteenth of February 1653. a most dangerous Conspiracy which was hatched by the Royalists was discovered several of the Conspirators were taken and sent to the Tower of London But his Highness willing to begin his Government by an Act of Clemency and to let the world see that the Grandor of his new Dignity did onely render him powerful to do good he pardoned the said Delinquents and caused them to be set at liberty Much about which time arrived Deputies from the several Counties and Shires as well of England Stotland and Ireland to congratulate his Highness happy Inauguration and to assure him of their fidelity and submission to his Commands all which his Highness received with a great deal of Candor and repaied them with Use to wit the establishing of good and salutary Orders for the Peace and Tranquility of the Commonwealth and each Member thereof in particular Nor did he forget to regulate the Spiritual Affairs and out of an infinite number of Opinions he begat a pleasant harmony the seeming dissonance and harshness whereof was onely unsavory to the ignorant and to such as had stopped their ears Mean while the Scots animated by several discontented persons here in England did levy an Army by Command from their King and began to take heart of grace again reassuming their former courage and hopes The Earls of Glencarne and Kenmore were at the Head of four thousand Horse and Foot joyning several other small parties which from all sides flocked down unto them But Collonel Morgan was so vigilant and active that before they could have time to Form a greater Body he marched with fifteen hundred Horse and Foot and on the seventh of February he arrived at Lough which was the Enemies appointed Rendezvouz where having charged them after a short but smart Fight he killed one hundred and fifty of them and defeated all the rest the Earl of Glencarne with much ado making his escape onely with forty Horse But all these small Bickerings and as it were shadows of War did onely serve as a foil to that most important and considerable Peace which both England and Holland was to reap at our Olivers hands When as most part of the Winter was well nigh passed over in this Negociation at London where the Hollanders had four Ambassadours who daily laboured to compass the same Two of them to wit the Lords Newport and Youngstall re-passed into Holland about the Moneth of February to communicate unto the High and Mighty Lords the States their Masters the Conclusion of the Treaty and to get them to ratifie the same On the third of March 1653 4. of the same Year they returned back again where they were received with all the pomp and state that could possibly be imagined and might demonstrate the Joy which the Merchants conceived of the happy effects of so happy a Reconciliation The next day they had Audience from his Highness where declaring the full powers they had from the Lords States to ratifie the said Peace which they had made they desired a speedy Cessation of Arms should be published on both sides and in conformity thereto on the fifth Day of April next ensuing the Articles of Peace were signed sealed and delivered on the behalf of both parties and were accordingly published and proclaimed to the general satisfaction of all men And his Highness the better to testifie the particular pleasure he took therein did most sumptuously treat the Holland Ambassadours witnessing unto them by his noble Noble treatment all the marks of Joy which might manifest and make good by his Conduct and Entertainment the old Motto of his Family That War hath no other end save to beget a Peace And as to the Affairs of Ireland his Highness by his good Orders and establishing the Natives in the Province of Cannaught which is in the heart of Ireland had settled all things so well in those parts as that the English needed not to fear any either abroad or at home and the Irish beginning to be sensible that the Yoke of a vigilant and absolute Protector was far more tollerable and to be preferred before the Servitude of a feeble and tottering multitude who onely heeding their own preservations and particular interests do abandon the People and their wellfares either to their own capriciousness or to the imbroils of ambitious and hot spirits who abusing of the Commonalties simplicity and sincerity run them headlong into Ruine But some enemies of the State perceiving that it was impossible to hinder the Earth from bringing forth of good fruits as long as it was animated by so sensible and feeling a warmth resolved to
to consult on their Business were seized with a Pannick fear and no one of their Enemies appearing or pursuing them they cryed out that they were betrayed and so betook themselves to their heels some one way some another in a confused manner So likewise did Collonel Lilburn send word out of Northumberland that they were busie in framing of a party there also but that they had dissipated themselves through their own Fears and Jealousies Finally in Yorkeshire Sir Henry Slingsby and Sir Richard Maleverer had also assembled some Forces to have seized the City of York having two Cart-loads of Ammunition with them but they dispersed themselves on their own accompt seeing but little appearance to succeed in their designe Sir Henry Slingsby was taken and Imprisoned and afterwards Beheaded upon another accompt The first party commanded by Wagstaff and Penruddock was defeated by Captain Vnton Crook at a place called South-melton some whereof were killed and others were taken who were Tried and Condemned and those which dyed of note were Mr. Lucas Thorpe Kensey Graves and Penruddock Sir Joseph Wagstaff had the hap to make his escape and to get away Moreover a little afterwards to rid the State of such like Incendiaries and Firebrands the several Prisons and Goals of England were delivered from the Royalists which were detained prisoners on the foregoing accompts who were sent away to the Plantations and Collonies in America In like manner the rest of the other risings before mentioned were quelled and dissipated which both struck a terror in those who had not as yet shewn themselves and restored peace and quietness to the State By this time the subtil Spaniard whose quaint policy doth for the most part hug the prosperous and destroy the miserable and distressed seeing that Fortune did daily more and more incline to favour his late Highness the Lord Protector that his Vigour and Force increased by opposition and that the sole resplendency of his glory dissipated all those fogs and mists which endeavoured to obscure it thought it meet to court England and to endeavour to engage this State in his interests in which was omitted no proffers which a Puissant Monarch could possibly make unto a Prince whose Power was but as it were in the bud and beginning to sprout forth To which purpose the Marquis of Leda arived at London in the quality of an extraordinary Ambassador to his late Highness where he was received with all the Demonstrations of Honour and Pomp. But his late Highness being over-sensible of all those gross injuries which the Spanish Nation for several years together have committed against the English and also against all Europe besides and being not willing to conforme his Maximes with the tyrannical and unjust principles of the Spaniards returned civil and ceremonious Answers to the said Ambassadors Proposals who returned back again very speedily with all sorts of contentment and satisfaction save onely to that which he chiefly expected and most of all insisted upon And England being at that present time in a peaceable posture the Almighty having Crowned his late Highness the Lord protector with several signal Victories and Deliverances of his person from an infinite number of Dangers his Highness thought he could not in a better wise express his acknowledgements for so many mercies then by the imploying of all his Care and Forces to oppose and beat down the Ambition nay I may justly say their Sacraledge and Impiety and Avarice of the Spaniards since it onely belongs to a God to Stile himself the Universal Monarch who at the expence and charge of an hundred thousand Murders and Devastations have rendred themselves Masters of the whole worlds Treasures And withall totally to extripate and root up the profound plots and devices which the Spaniards had long since laid in England to become Masters thereof or at least to breed divisions in it at their own pleasures Nor shall I need to enlarge upon the ambitious and cruel designes of that invincible Armado of Philip the Second which was to have invaded England and to have made it swim in its own Blood nor of those several entreagues and policies which Spain hath hatched in Ireland by assistances of men and monies as also by their several Conspiracies in England abusing of the Religion and blind zeal of some particular persons there I shall onely begin with Gundamore that arch Machiavilian Spanish Ambassador who had gained such a Credit and Power in the Court of England as that when he pleased he could dispose of the Lives of the greatest and best men in the State when he had discovered they were his Masters Enemies I shall onely instance in one that admirable personage Sir Walter Rawleigh who by reason he had undertaken to visit their Treasures in Hispaniola and had Committed some hostillities in those Seas in former time Gundamore never left importuning of King James whom he had in a manner bewitched till he had obtained his death and thus bereaved England of one of the great Politicians and Universallest men that ever this Isle brought forth leaving us a testimony of his vast knowledge and experience to wit his famous History of the World From hence his late Highness resolved to begin his just War against the proud Spaniard and to sacrifice to the memory of this great Captain and one of the most experienced Sea-men of all the World all the Spanish Blood which the valour of the noble English hath so generously by way of retaliation drawn and let out since his late Highness's expedition against them There are some friends with whom a man is forced to break off all friendship because they will be too much our friends that is because they over-act the part of friendship by prying too deep into our Affairs and Designes and by interesting themselves too far into the concernments of those who depend on us as that thereby they steal away their hearts from us and such like friends have the Spaniards been to England who buy their friendships at such cheap rates as that they feed those who side with them onely with imaginary speculations here on earth making them eternally miserable and with specious promises in the world to come which would be obtained at cheaper and more assured rates without the interposing of their Hippocritical and Ambitious trains But to return to our History again his late Highness whose Genius affected the greatest difficulties and the most extraordinary and rarest Designs fix'd his thoughts upon New Spain not to bereave them of their Treasures which are with more ease to be interrupted at their coming home but to revenge all Europe unto whom the Jealous humor of the Spaniards denies Traffique and Commerce into those parts having at all times exercised unheard of Cruelties and horrible Treacheries on such as were driven into those parts accidentally and forcibly by storms and tempests or such as were by themselves under the notion
And now into her lap the richest Prize Fell with the Noblest of our Enemies The Marquis glad to see the fire destroy Wealth that prevailing Foes were to enjoy Out from his flaming Ship his Children sent To perish in a milder Element Then laid him by his burning Ladies side And since he could not save her with her dy'd Spices and Gums about them melting fry And Phenix-like in that rich nest they dye Death bitter is for what we leave behinde But taking with us all we love is kinde VVhat could he more then hold for term of life His Indian Treasure and his more priz'd VVife Alive in flames of equal Love they burn'd And now together are to ashes turn'd Ashes more worth then all their Funerals cost Then the huge Treasure which was with them lost These dying Lovers and their floating Sons Suspend the Fight and silence all our Guns Beauty and Youth about to perish findes Such noble pitty in brave English mindes That the rich Spoil neglecting and the Prize All labour now to save their Enemies How frail our Passion 's how soon changed are Our wrath and fury to a friendly care They that but now to gain the Spanish Plate Made the Sea blush with Blood forget their Hate And their young Foes while sinking they retrive VVith greater danger then they fought they dive VVith these returns Victorious Mountague VVith Laurel in his hands and half Perue Let the brave General divide that bough Our great Protector hath such Wreaths enough His conquering Head hath no more room for Bayes Then let it be as the whole Nation prayes Let the rich Oare forthwith be melted down And the State fixt by making him a Crown VVith Ermins clad and Purple let him hold A Royal Scepter made of Spanish Gold Take the particulars of the Fight briefly thus The Spaniards were seven in number richly laden about nine Leagues from Cadiz coming from the West Indies one whereof was burnt another sunk two run aground two were taken one got away with a Portugal Prize In the ship that was burnt was the Marquis of Badex his Wife and one Daughter In one of the ships taken was the young Marquis his Brother and another Sister who was set on shore in Spain The two Brothers were brought to England with a great deal of wealth And amongst these Victories which were gained at Sea against the Spaniards since the breach of the Peace that which was obtained by General Blake at Sancta Cruza in the Island of Teneriff on the twentieth day of April 1657. was none of the least in which Port there was sixteen great Vessels burnt and sunk by the English and the Spaniards Forts and Castles of the Isle amidst which there were five or six great Gallions the Admiral Vice-Admiral and Rere-Admiral the greatest part whereof were mounted with Brass Ordnance and laden some with rich merchandizes from the Indies and the others with provisions and other manufactures to be transported thither equipied in ample manner both with Soldiers and Mariners All which having their Flags Ensignes and Streamers flying were set upon by the English who in less then four hours time destroyed them all without the loss of above sixty men the greatest part of which were killed by the Musquet shot which played from the shoar But in lieu of them the English with their Cannon killed a great number of the Spaniards in their Breast-works and Forts Wherefore his late Highness who never recompensed vertuous and magnanimous actions which bare praise sent a civil Letter of thanks to General Blake with a Diamond Ring valued at five hundred pounds and gave the Captain that brought the news one hundred pound for a present Moreover according to his accustomed Piety be ordained a day of publick Prayer and Thanksgiving to be set apart to return all Thanks Acknowledgements Praise and Glory to the Almighty for this so happy and signal a success and to supplicate his Divine Bounty to bestow frequent and like Blessings upon the English Armadoes and Land Forces But the Sea being a Theater or Stage too unstable for so settled a valour and constant aFortune the traces and marks which she receives of Combates and Victories are too soon worn out and scare leave unto History and to the memory of men wherewith to raise Monuments erect Triumphs and to transmit unto posterity the truth of things and although that vertue be the more glorious by how much the greater dangers it assails and surmounts yet however as a flight is more easily made by Sea then by Land where seldome men fight at hand-blows we have reason to give the first praise and honour to that Element which first brought us forth and whence we reap the most beneficial necessaries towards our subsistence In like manner his late Highness's solid policy was imployed on such solid foundations where it might lay deep rooting and spread its large branches far and near without the apprehension of being sapped or dug up The French therefore being desirous to be revenged for their ill success at Valenchenes resolved the next summer to assault Montmedy a strong Frontier seated upon a Rock but being not strong enough to keep the Spaniards in play in Flanders they separated part of their Army to prosecute the said siege and the English began to make their first landing in Flanders Sir John Reynolds was chosen by his late Highness to command the Body of the English Forces consisting in six thousand Foot who happily landed in Picardy about the latter end of May. And that it may not seem to be a digression from my subject I shall omit the particularizing of the siege and the taking of Montmedy and shall onely tell you that the Marshal De la Ferte who carried on that siege was not at all incommodated by the Enemy from without during the whole siege nor durst the Spaniard ever set upon the French Army thereby to attempt the relief of that place And although it would be a piece of injustice to dispoil that war-like nation of their glory yet all men know that their Army wanted Foot extreamly that Summer but the English foot which we must confess is the best in all Europe being joyned to their Cavalrie which also excel all others there had not a more resolute and gallant Army been seen in France for many years together And here by the way take notice of the Installment of his late Highness in the Protectorship which was on this manner viz. On the twentieth day of the moneth of June in the year of our Lord God 1657. being appointed for the Installment of his late Highness the Lord Protector a large and spacious place was raised at the upper end of Westminster-Hall under the great window in the midst whereof a Rich Cloath of State was set up and under it a Chair of State was placed upon an ascent of two degrees covered with Carpets before which stood a Table with a
this so eminent a charge as that envy it self is constrained to confess that his Fathers wisdome could not have made a better choice Much about this time the Officers at Mardike in whose breasts the rigour of the winter did onely excite the heat of those designs which they had conceived in their souls being desirous to imploy part of that unprofitable season to concourse and consult that Oracle of Prudence who by the conduct of their Heroick Projects did inspire into them the vertue and efficacy to compass their designs and to surmount even the greatest difficulties Sir John Reynolds I say Commander in chief Collonel White and some other Officers being impatient to enjoy the happiness of seeing and consulting his Highness embarqued at Mardike for England but the mischance was that being assailed by a tempest they were unfortunately cast away upon the Goodwin Sands and so frustrated all the world of the expectations of those fair hopes which were conceived of their valours and of so fortunate beginnings On the fourth day of the moneth of February then next ensuing his late Highness repaired to the Lords House then in Parliament and having sent notice thereof to the House of Commons by the Keeper of the Black-Rod the Speaker with the Members came to the Lords House where standing without the Bar and his Highness within under a Cloath of State being animated with his wonted vigour and resolution succinctly told them without many preambles That it concerned his Interest as much as the publike Peace and Tranquility to terminate this Parliament so that he was come thither to dissolve the same which was also immediately performed On the twelfth day of the moneth of March ensuing his late Highness being desirous to oblige the City of London in a particular manner and at the same time to witness unto them the care he took for their preservation and tranquillity he sent for the Lord Major the Aldermen and the other Magistrates of the City and having made them sensible of his tenderness and care for their good he also represented unto them that during the Calm Tempests were most of all to be apprehended so that at such times the requisite Orders and necessary preventions to resist Troubles were to be chiefly minded For to this knowing and vigilant Spirit to whom nothing was dark or hid this penetrating Light who could pry even into mens hearts and who from out of his Cabinet could discover the most secret Plots which were hatching throughout all Europe declared unto them That the Enemies both of the State and of their City did not sleep although it seemed they were quite lulled That their City was great and vaste and like unto a corpulent Body nourished several ill humours That he requested them for their own goods to have a special care and to bear a watchful eye That he relied much upon their Vigilancy and Affection and that all he could contribute thereunto on his behalf was to re-establish the City Militia which had been abolished through the disorder of the foregoing Wars and to desire them to appoint for their Officers persons of Honour and Probity well-wishers and friends to the peace and quietness of the State and publique Good Whereupon the Lord Major and Officers having returned thanks to his Highness for so signal a Mark of his confidence and goodness towards them proceeded to settle the Militia and repayed him with all the Obedience and Fidelity which a Magnanimous Prince could expect from Subjects who were well versed in the duties they owed to a Governour who had rid them of a world of miseries and delivered them from the burthen of a Civil War Nor was this precaution or forewarning of his late Highness without some grounds or foundation for on the twenty fourth of the said Moneth the quiet Serpent which hatched its poison under the green grass unawares let slip a Hiss whereupon an exact search was made throughout all London and Westminster for suspected persons divers of which were secured and imprisoned His late Highness knowing full well that States are maintained as well by Justice as by force of Arms and that those chiefly stand in need of both which through the divisions of Mens mindes touching Spiritual concernments seem to be in a continual apprehension of those revolutions which at all times have been caused in the World by the means of these diversities of opinions His Highness I say through the cause of these apprehensions and the discoveries which were already made as aforesaid caused a High Court of Justice to be erected according as it had been decreed by an Act of Parliament and settled under the great Seal of England and truly it was high time for the Swords of Justice to appear to chastise the Conspirators since the sparkles of their fury had spread themselves abroad through its veil rather by their immoderate heat then their sad looks several persons of quality were imprisoned in the Tower of London and within few dayes afterwards just like unto a River which is ready to disgorge it self into the Sea appears great and violent at its entrance so also the Conspiracy being just ready to break forth appeared the more formidable and assured there were whole Regiments enrolled and in the midnight of May-day they should have set fire on several parts of the City and whilest the confusion and horror thereof had seized all men they should have made a general Massacre of all those who would have opposed their fury His Highness like unto the Sun elevated up to the highest Heaven peirced through all those other Sphears which were darkned to all other Lights but his and dissipated those Fogs and Mists which the darkness of the Furies had spread over the City of London for on the morning of that fatal intended day the Guards were doubled both within and without the City and about five of the Clock in the Evening both Horse and Foot were drawn up in Arms the City Militia likewise keeping strong Guards all that night to prevent and hinder so sad and horrid an attempt Mean while all care was taken to discover the Firebrands before they could enter upon their exploit and as Enterprizes wherein so many persons are engaged cannot remain very secret or hidden about seven of the Clock that Evening about forty of the Conspirators were taken and carried to White-Hall and on the day following several others of all kindes and conditions were also apprehended as Gentlemen Merchants Souldiers and the like many of which were condemned to dye as Traytors but his late Highness was so merciful to pardon the most part of them to the end that like unto a second Augustus he might gain by his Clemency those hearts which would not be mollified by the horror of the undertakings nor the rigour and severity of the punishments On the second day of the moneth of June then next ensuing there arrived a strange accident on
were adorned with Trophies of Military Honour carved and gilt the pedestalls of the Pillars had Shields and Crowns gilt which compleated the whole work Within the Rails and Ballasters stood eight great Silver Candlesticks or Standarts almost five soot high with Virgin-wax Tapers of three foot long next unto the Candlesticks there were set upright in Sockets the four great Standards of his Higness Arms the Guydons great Banners and Banrolls of war being all of Taffity very richly gilt and painted The Cloth of State which covered the Bed of State and the Effigies had a Majestick Scutcheon and the whole Room was fully and compleatly adorned with Taffity Scutcheons several of his late Highness's Gentlemen attending bare-headed round about the Bed of State in Mourning and other of his Highness's Servants waiting in the other Rooms to give directions to the spectators and to prevent disorders After which his late Highness Effigies was several dayes shown in another Room standing upon an Ascent under a rich Cloth of State vested in royal Robes having a Scepter in one hand and a Globe in the other a Crown on his Head his Armour lying by him at a distance and the Banners Banrolls and Standards being placed round about him together with the other Ensigns of Honour the whole Room which was spacious being adorned in a majestical manner and several of his late Highness's Gentlemen attending about the Effigies bare-headed in which manner the Effigies continued until the solemnization of the Funerals On the three and twentieth day of November in the morning the time appointed for the solemnization of the Funerals of his late Highness the several persons of Honour and quality which were invited to attend the Interment being come to Somerset-house and all things being in a readiness to proceed the Effigies of his late Highness standing under a rich Cloath of State in the manner afore specified was first shown to the company and afterwards removed and placed on a Hearse richly adorned and set forth with Scutcheons and other Ornaments the Effigies it self being vested in Royal Robes a Scepter in one hand a Globe in the other and a Crown on the Head after it had been a while thus placed in the middle of a Room it was carried on the Hearse by ten of his late Highness Gentlemen into the Court-yard where a very rich Canopy of State was born over it by six other of his late Highness Gentlemen till it was brought and placed on the Chariot at each end whereof was a seat wherein sate two of his late Highness's Gentlemen of the Bed-Chamber the one at the Head and the other at the Feet of the Effigies The Pall which was made of Velvet and the white linnen was very large extending on each side of the carriage and was born up by several persons of Honour thereunto appointed The Chariot wherein the Effigies was conveyed was covered with black Velvet adorned with Plumes and Scutcheons and was drawn by six Horses covered with black Velvet and each of them adorned with black Plumes of Feathers From Somerset-house to Westminster the streets were railed in and strawed with Sand the Soldiers being placed on each side of the steeets without the Rails and their Ensigns wrapped up in a Cypress mourning Veil The manner of the proceeding to the Interment was briefly thus First a Knight Martial advanced on Horse-back with his black Truncheon tipt at both ends with Gold attended by his Deputy and thirteen men on Horseback to clear the way After him followed the Poor men of Westminster in mourning Gowns and Hoods marching two and two Next unto them followed the Servants of the several persons of all qualities which attended the Funeral These were followed by all his late Highness's Servants as well inferiour as superiour both within and without the Household as also all his Highness's Barge-men and Water-men Next unto these followed the Servants and Officers belonging to the Lord Major and Sheriffs of the City of London Then came several Gentlemen and attendants on the respective Ambassadors and the other Publique Ministers After those came the poor Knights of Windsor in Gowns and Hoods Then followed the Clerks Secretaries and other Officers belonging to the Army the Admiralty the Treasury the Navy and Exchequer After these came the Officers in Command in the Fleet as also the Officers of the Army Next followed the Commissioners for Excize those of the Army and the Committee of the Navy Then followed the Commissioners for the Approbation of Preachers Then came the Officers Messengers and Clerks belonging to the Privy Councel and the Clerks of both Houses of Parliament Next followed his late Highness Physicians The Head Officers of the Army The Chief Officers and Aldermen of the City of London The Masters of the Chancery with his Highness learned Councel at Law The Judges of the Admiralty the Masters of Request with the Judges in Wales The Barons of the Exchequer the Judges of both Benches and the Lord Major of London Next to these the persons allied in Blood to his late Higness and the Members of the Lords House After them the Publique Ministers of Forreign States and Princes Then the Holland Ambassador alone whose Train was born up by four Gentlemen Next to him the Portugal Ambassador alone whose Train was held up by four Knight of the Order of Christ And thirdly the French Ambassador whose Train was also held up by four persons of quality Then followed the Lords Commissioners of the great Seal The Lords Commissioners of the Treasury The Lords of his late Highness most Honorable Privy Councel After whom followed the chief Mourner and those persons of quality which were his Assistants and bare up his Train All the Nobles were in close Mourning the rest were but in ordinary being disposed in their passage into several Divisions being distinguished by Drums and Trumpets and by a Standard or Banner born by a Person of Honor and his assistant and a Horse of State covered with black Velvet and led by a person of Honor followed by two Grooms Of which Horses there were eleven in all four covered with black Cloth and seven with Velvet These being all passed in order at length the Chariot followed with the Effigies on each side of which were born six Banner Rolls twelve in all by as many persons of Honor The several pieces of his late Highness Armor were born by eight Honorable persons Officers of the Army attended by a Herald and a Gentleman on each side Next followed Garter principal King of Arms attended with a Gentleman on each side bare-headed Then came the chief Mourner together with those Lords and noble personages that were supporters and assistants to the chief Mourner Then followed the Horse of Honor in very rich Trappings embroidered upon Crimson Velvet and adorned with white red and yellow Plumes and was led by the Master of the Horse Finally in the close of all followed his late Highness
Letters the most exquisite that are in any Language by Mr. Robert Lovedey who was the late admired Translator of the Volumes of the famed Romance Cleopatra Published by his dear Brother Mr. A. L. 15. The so long expected Work the New World of English Words or a general Dictionary containing the Terms Etymologies Definitions and perfect Interpretations of the proper signification of hard English words throughout the Arts and Sciences Liberal or Mechanick as also other subjects that are useful or appertain to the Language of our Nation to which is added the signification of Proper Names Mythology and Poetical Fictions Historical Relations Geographical Descriptions of the Countreys and Cities of the World especially of these three Nations wherein their chiefest Antiquities Battels and other most memorable Passages are mentioned by E. P. 16 A learned Comentary on Psalm the fifteenth by that Reverend and Eminent Divine Mr. Christopher Cartwright Minister of the Gospel in York to which is prefixed a brief account to the Authors life and of his Work by R. Bolton 17. The way to Bliss in three Books being a learned Treatise of the Philosophers Stone made publique by Elias Ashmole Esq 18. Wit restored in several Select Poems not formerly publisht by Sir John Mennis Mr. Smith and others 19. The Modern Assurancer the Clerks Directory containing the Practick Part of the Law in the exact Forms and Draughts of all manner of Presidents for Bargains and Sales Grants Feoffements Bonds Bills Conditions Covenants Jointures Indentures c. And all other Instruments and Assurances now in use by John Hern. 20. Naps upon Parnassus A sleepy Muse nipt and pincht though not awakened Such voluntary and Jovial Coppies of Verses as were lately received from some of the WITS of the Universities in a Frolick dedicated to Gondibert's Mistress by Captain Jones and others c. 21. The compleat Midwife's Practice in the high and weighty Concerments of Mankinde the second Edition corrected and enlarged with a full Supply of such most useful and admirable Secrets which Mr. Nicholas Culpeper in his brief Treatise and other English Writers in the Art of Midwifry have hitherto wilfully passed by kept cose to themselves or wholly omitted by T. Chamberlaine M. P. 22. America Painted to the Life the History of the Conquest and first Original undertakings of the advancement of the Plantations in those Parts with an exquisite Map by F. Gorges Esquire 23. Culpeper's School of Physick or the Experimental Practice of the whole Art so reduced either into Aphorismes or choice and tried Receipts that the free-born Students of the three Kingdoms may in this Method finde perfect wayes for the operation of such Medicines so astrologically and Physically prescribed as that they may themselves be competent judges of the Cures of their Patients by N. C. 24. Blagrave's admirable Ephemerides for the Year 1659. 25. History and Policy Reviewed in the Heroick transactions of his most Serene Highness Oliver late Lord Protector declaring his steps to Princely Perfection drawn in lively Parallels to the Ascents of the great Patriarch Moses to the height of 30 degrees of Honor by H. D. Esq 26. J. Cleaveland Revived Poems Orations Epistles and other of his Genuine Incomparable Pieces never before Publisht 27. England's Worthies Select Lives of the most eminent Persons of the three Nations from Constantine the Great to these times by W. Winstanly 28. The History of the Life and Death of his most Serene Highness Oliver late Lord Protector Wherein from his Cradle to his Tomb are impartially transmitted to Posterity the most weighty Transactions forreign or Domestique that have happened in his Time either in Matters of Law Proceedings in Parliaments or others Affairs in Church or State by S. Carrington 29. The right Lozenges publickly sold by Edmund Buckworth in St. Katherines Court for Coughs and Consumption of the Lungs c. are to be had at Nath. Brook's and John Grismond's in Ivy-lane and at no other place FINIS His Highness Birth and Parentage Lingua the Combate of the Sences His excellent qualifications The first Engagement The Treasure of the University sailed on A remarkable expedition The Battell of Marston Moor. His Highness admirable management of the Bartell at Nazeby The Victory of Preston in Lancashire The Monarchiall Government changed into a Common Wealth Forces sent into Ireland General Cromwell goes for Ireland and arrives there in August 1649. Drogedah in Ireland besieged The Common-wealth prepares to war against the Scots His late Highness made Generalissimo of the Common-wealths Armies A Manifest concerning the Scotch warre The Bâ—â—…teâ—… of Dunia gainte by the English Lieth taken Edinborâ—ugh taken The besieging of Edinborough Castle The good successe of the Naval Forces under General Blake Prince Ruperts Fleet ruined A Declaration for the security of the Soldiers The reducing the Isle of Scilly Blacknâ—sse taken by Coloâ—el Monk The Scots unitâ— A Plot discovered Major General Harrison sent to the North. Mr. Love Gibbons beheaded The Scotch army compleated refuse to fight Colonel Overton passes into Fife Major General Lambert passes into Fife 4000 Scots defeated by the English Brunt Isleland surrendred St. Johns Town surrendred The Scots enter England by Carlisle The English follow Colonel Monk with 7000 men reduceth all Scotland The Earle of Darby defeated Worcester Fight The Scots defeated at Worcester The remaining Nobility of Scotland seised and sent into England The Isle of Jersey attempted Jersey and all the Castles taken The Isle of Man attempted and reduced Guernsâ—y Castle surrendred The death of two famous Persons in England An Act of Parliament concerning the Importation and exportation of Goods Merchandises A Rupture with Holland caused The first Sea-fight with the Hollander May 52. Open War with Holland The Hollanders Fishermen destroyed in the North. A Holland Fleet destroyed by Sir Geo. Askue The Plimouth fight with the Dutch Six Hollanders Ships taken by Gen. Blake Six more taken by Captain Penne. A French Fleet taken by Gen. Blake The Kentish Knock a fight with the Hollanders Two Ambassadors arrive in England Severall passages between the English the Danes The Antelope Frigate lost 20 Holland Barques and 2 Men of War taken Another Sea Fight betwixt the English the Hollander in December A Fight between the English and the Hollander near the Isle of Wight Portland The Phenix regained A second Sea-fight in the Levant between the English and the Dutch A Portugal Ambassadour obtains Peace French Deputations sent to England Deputations concerning a peace with Holland The â—…ong Parliament dissolved The Lord General Cromwel and his Councells Manifest for the dissolving the Parliament A Declaration for settling a Councel of State A Fight between the English and the Dutch on the North Foreland The Dutch worsted and many Ships taken The Hollanders pursued and blocked up in their own Ports A Parliament called by General Cromwel The Generals Speech to the Members The Instrument of Government delivered to the